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Wikipédia:RAW/2012-02-12 — Wikipédia

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</nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span style="font-size:0%; line-height:90%;">Wikipédia:</span><span style="color:#0B0080; text-shadow:gray 0.1em 0.1em 0.1em;">RAW<span style="width:0px; height:0px; font-size:0%; text-indent: 100%; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; line-height:90%; ">/</span><span style="margin-left:5px;">2012-02-12</span></span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Langue" class="cdx-button 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block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div style="margin-top:-35px; position:relative; z-index:1;"> <div style="background-color:#fee7e6;padding:0px; border:1px solid #AAAAAA; border-radius: 15px;"> <table style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="80%" valign="center"> <div style="text-align: center; font-weight:900; font-size:200%; margin-left:5px; margin-top:5px; font-family:"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Regards_sur_l%27actualit%C3%A9_de_la_Wikimedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia">Regards sur l’actualité du mouvement Wikimedia</a> </div> <div style="text-align: center; font-size:125%; line-height:200%"> Infolettre francophone mensuelle&nbsp; <span style="font-size:90%; font-family:"><abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr>&nbsp;33</span> </div> <div style="text-align: center; font-size:90%; line-height:200%"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-01-29?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:RAW/2012-01-29">2012-01-29</a> <span style="font-size:1.5em; line-height: 1.2em;">|</span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-05?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:RAW/2012-02-05">2012-02-05</a> <span style="font-size:1.5em; line-height: 1.2em;">|</span> <b>2012-02-12</b> <span style="font-size:1.5em; line-height: 1.2em;">|</span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-19?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:RAW/2012-02-19">2012-02-19</a>&nbsp;<span style="font-size:1.5em; line-height: 1.2em;">|</span> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-26?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:RAW/2012-02-26">2012-02-26</a>&nbsp; </div> <div class="mw-inputbox-centered" style=""> <form name="searchbox" class="searchbox mw-inputbox-form-inline" action="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Recherche"> <div class="cdx-text-input"> <input class="mw-searchInput searchboxInput cdx-text-input__input" name="search" placeholder="Dans les parutions" size="30" dir="ltr"> </div><input type="hidden" value="Wikipédia:RAW" name="prefix"> <input type="submit" name="fulltext" value="Rechercher" class="cdx-button"><input type="hidden" value="Search" name="fulltext"> </form> </div> <div style="text-align: center;"> <small><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/Inscription?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipédia:RAW/Inscription">S'inscrire ou se désinscrire</a></small> </div></td> <td width="20%" valign="center"><span title="Logo des RAW"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%25C3%25A9dia:Regards_sur_l%2527actualit%25C3%25A9_de_la_Wikimedia"><img alt="Regards sur l'actualité de la Wikimedia (RAW)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg/125px-French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg/188px-French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg/250px-French-speaking_Wikimedia_community_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="897"></a> <figcaption></figcaption> </figure></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div style="float:right; padding: 0 0 0 1em;"> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Br%C3%A8ves"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Brèves</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Cueillette et distribution des fonds dans le futur</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Contexte"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Contexte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Lettre_de_Ting_Chen"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Lettre de Ting Chen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#R%C3%A9actions"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Réactions</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Ondes_de_choc"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Ondes de choc</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Steal_this_Column"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext"><i>Steal this Column</i></span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C2%AB_Nous_sommes_les_m%C3%A9dias,_et_donc_vous_l'%C3%AAtes_%C2%BB"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">«&nbsp;Nous sommes les médias, et donc vous l'êtes&nbsp;»</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Controverse_publicitaire_?"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Controverse publicitaire&nbsp;?</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Dans_les_coulisses_de_la_Wikimedia"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Dans les coulisses de la Wikimedia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div style="width:80%;margin-left:40px;"> <b>Message de l'éditeur/rédacteur/traducteur/etc., </b> <p>Chères lectrices, Chers lecteurs,</p> <p>Ma IRL a pris beaucoup de mon temps libre dernièrement, dont une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Mardi_c%27est_Wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Cinqui.C3.A8me_rencontre_.2818_f.C3.A9vrier_2012.29" title="Wikipédia:Mardi c'est Wiki/Québec">activité wikipédienne</a>. De plus, cette infolettre est notablement plus longue que les précédentes, car je souhaitais vous informer de deux sujets importants à mes yeux. Pour cette raison, le produit est moins achevé (texte moins fignolé, moins d'images, etc.). Je vous remercie de votre indulgence.</p> <p>Bonne lecture&nbsp;!</p> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Brèves" data-mw-thread-id="h-Brèves"><span id="Br.C3.A8ves"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Brèves"></span>Brèves<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Brèves"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Brèves" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> <!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Br\u00e8ves","replies":[]}}--> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <ul> <li>(Vieille nouvelle)<s>Une personne a reçu une subvention pour rédiger un livre sur <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perl_(langage)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perl (langage)">Perl</a> 6, publié sur Wikibooks en anglais. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://wikilivres.wordpress.com/2009/02/06/etre-remunere-pour-son-travail-sur-wikibooks/">[1]</a></s></li> </ul> <ul> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.saylor.org/">The Saylor Foundation</a></i> publie des livres sous CC-BY <i>unported</i> 3.0. Elle a remis près de 20&nbsp;000&nbsp;US$ pour publier sous cette licence quatre ouvrages de mathématiques et d'informatique. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.saylor.org/2012/02/otc-fourth-textbook-released/">[2]</a> &lt;commentaire&gt;<i>Le site propose plusieurs manuels dans différents domaines scientifiques, dont biologie, histoire de l'art, chimie et science politique.</i>&lt;/commentaire&gt;</li> </ul> <ul> <li><span class="citation">«&nbsp;En tant que responsable d'une entreprise, si vous pouvez exploiter la passion de vos employés de la même façon que Wikipédia exploite son armée de bénévoles, vous pourrez accomplir des choses qu'aucune somme d'argent ne pourra vous acheter<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Au premier abord, le succès de Wikipédia est incompréhensible&nbsp;: comment une équipe de bénévoles pourrait-elle mener à bien (et pourquoi voudrait-elle se lancer dans) une entreprise d'une telle envergure&nbsp;?<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;»</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.fastcompany.com/1813831/the-wikipedia-way-of-motivating-your-employees">[3]</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li>Le 16 février 2012, l'homme politique français <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Bayrou?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="François Bayrou">François Bayrou</a> a déclaré&nbsp;: <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Il y a beaucoup de gens qui critiquent Wikipédia, généralement ceux qui le pratiquent pas, qui pensent que c'est plein d'abus. La somme de connaissances, qui a été donnée, établie de manière désintéressée, par des dizaines, peut-être centaines de milliers de gens, chacun dans leur domaine de compétence, qu'ils ouvrent à l'ensemble de l'humanité, moi je trouve que c'est quelque chose qui apporte quelque chose à l'univers, à la planète Terre.&nbsp;»</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.numerama.com/magazine/21700-pour-bayrou-internet-annonce-un-saut-de-civilisation-du-au-partage.html">[4]</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li>La <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedia Foundation">WMF</a> lance un <span class="citation not_fr_quote" lang="en">«&nbsp;<span class="italique">Legal and Community Advocacy departement</span>&nbsp;»</span> («&nbsp;Département légal et de plaidoyer pour la communauté&nbsp;»). Ce département devra <span class="citation">«&nbsp;faire avancer de façon novatrice les buts de la <i>Foundation</i> en ce qui concerne le paidoyer pour la communauté, buts qui vont (1) de la lutte pour le contenu publié en ligne à (2) des initiatives qui facilitent les discussions de la communauté sur les projets cruciaux de la WMF qui touchent la communauté à (3) une bonification des services d'aide aux fonctionnaires et aux administrateurs de la Wikimedia, ainsi qu'à (4) la transmission d'informations sur les initiatives de nature légale, autour du monde, qui concernent le contenu en ligne et la censure<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> <a class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal_and_Community_Advocacy/LCA_Announcement">[5]</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li>Le <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Hauptseite">Wiktionary en allemand</a> a dépassé 200&nbsp;000&nbsp;articles, la <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/">Wikipédia en chinois</a> a atteint 400&nbsp;000&nbsp;articles et le <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://mr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AE%25E0%25A5%2581%25E0%25A4%2596%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%2583%25E0%25A4%25B7%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A0">Wiktionary en marathi</a> est maintenant actif (cette <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marathi_(langue)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marathi (langue)">langue indienne</a> est parlée par plus de 68&nbsp;millions de locuteurs, ce qui la place à la 15<sup>e</sup> position mondiale). <a class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DWikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2012-02-13/News_and_notes%23Brief_notes">[6]</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li>Le <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Per-browser_preferences">Wiktionary en anglais</a> propose un lot supplémentaire de préférences pour personnaliser l'interface, préférences stockées dans un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cookie_(informatique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cookie (informatique)">cookie</a>. &lt;commentaire&gt;<i>Je n'ai rien testé. Si vous le faites, laissez-moi un mot sur votre expérience.</i>&lt;/commentaire&gt;</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur" data-mw-thread-id="h-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span>Cueillette et distribution des fonds dans le futur<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Cueillette et distribution des fonds dans le futur" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> <!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur","replies":["h-Contexte-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur","h-Lettre_de_Ting_Chen-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur","h-R\u00e9actions-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"]}}--> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Countries.orig.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Countries.orig.png/330px-Countries.orig.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="171" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1635" data-file-height="849"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 330px;height: 171px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Countries.orig.png/330px-Countries.orig.png" data-width="330" data-height="171" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Countries.orig.png/495px-Countries.orig.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Countries.orig.png/660px-Countries.orig.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> <b>Figure 1.</b> Une carte du monde. </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png/330px-2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="171" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1635" data-file-height="849"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 330px;height: 171px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png/330px-2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png" data-width="330" data-height="171" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png/495px-2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png/660px-2010_fundraiser_cartogram.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> <b>Figure 2.</b> La même carte montrant la proportion des fonds reçus en 2010. Par exemple, sur la figure 1, l'Afrique occupe une place notable, alors que sur cette carte-ci, elle occupe une place négligeable, reflet de la proportion de fonds que le continent a versé. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Le président du <i>Board of Trustees</i> (BoT) de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedia Foundation">WMF</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ting_Chen?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ting Chen">Ting Chen</a>, a publié <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.gossamer-threads.com/lists/wiki/foundation/270673">une lettre</a> décrivant la façon dont les sommes reçues pendant la dernière levée de fonds pourraient être distribuées. Les commentaires sur la proposition ont été multiples et acerbes. <a class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DWikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2012-02-13/Special_report%23Fundraising_proposals_spark_a_furore_among_the_chapters">[7]</a></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Contexte" data-mw-thread-id="h-Contexte-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Contexte-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span>Contexte<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Contexte-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Contexte" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Chacun des <i>chapters</i> de la WMF distribue les fonds en accord avec les différentes lois de leur pays respectif, cela dans le but de profiter au maximum des différents régimes caritatifs. De plus, le transfert de fonds d'un pays à un autre est une opération complexe. <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Quelques <i>chapters</i> croient que leur indépendance culturelle facilite de beaucoup à la fois leurs capacités de mener à bien une levée de fonds et la gestion de ces fonds dans leur juridiction. Par ailleurs, des wikimédiens ont exprimé leurs inquiétudes sur le nouveau système de subventions [...]<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span></p> <p>Historiquement, les trois <i>chapters</i> les plus importants, Wikimedia Deutschland, Wikimédia France et Wikimedia UK, recueillaient des fonds en collaboration avec la WMF. En août 2011, la WMF a révélé que 4&nbsp;millions $US, soit 15&nbsp;% du montant total reçu, avaient été retenus par 12 <i>chapters</i>. La WMF a remis en question la distribution des fonds en proportion des montants reçus dans un pays donné (par exemple, la France verse 1&nbsp;million sur un total de 10&nbsp;millions, la WMF distribuera donc le dixième de tel poste budgétaire à Wikimedia France pour qu'elle puisse réaliser ses activités). De plus, la WMF a douté de la capacité des <i>chapters</i> les plus récemment formés d'utiliser adéquatement les fonds reçus. Elle a aussi observé une grande variation dans la gestion des fonds et la reddition des comptes. Elle a donc réagi en proposant un nouveau système de levée de fonds et un nouveau système de subventions (qui s'appuie sur une évaluation des projets). Ces deux systèmes hypothétiques diminuent fortement l'autonomie des <i>chapters</i> en ce qui a trait à la levée et à la gestion des fonds. Ces systèmes, proposés par la directrice de la WMF <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sue_Gardner?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sue Gardner">Sue Gardner</a>, seraient supervisés par le <span id="FDC"></span><i>Funding Dissemination Committee</i> (FDC, littéralement «&nbsp;Comité pour la dissémination des fonds&nbsp;») formé de membres de la communauté wikimédienne.</p> <p>Le président de Wikimedia Nederlands, Ziko van Dijk, a réagi à cette proposition en mentionnant entre autres que la levée de fonds est une <span class="citation">«&nbsp;question de prestige&nbsp;»</span> pour les <i>chapters</i>. <span class="citation">«&nbsp;La proposition de Gardner est bien fondée, répond avec intelligence aux questions et aux demandes d'anciennes discussions et plaît à plusieurs personnes, que ce soit de façon individuelle ou collective. Le FDC serait une instance qui rendrait ce modèle d'affaires acceptable car il pourrait, peut-être, restreindre le pouvoir, sans limite jusqu'à venir, de la WMF. Du point de vue des <i>chapters</i>, cependant, il y a un motif de préoccupation. De plus, dans un modèle décentralisé de levée de fonds, un militant de Wikimedia peut cogner à plusieurs portes pour faire valoir ses projets, portes derrière lesquelles les décisions seront prises de façon indépendante. Dans un modèle centralisé, il n'y aurait plus qu'une seule porte<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Lettre_de_Ting_Chen" data-mw-thread-id="h-Lettre_de_Ting_Chen-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Lettre_de_Ting_Chen-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span>Lettre de Ting Chen<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Lettre_de_Ting_Chen-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Lettre de Ting Chen" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>En février, Ting Chen publie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://www.gossamer-threads.com/lists/wiki/foundation/270673">une lettre</a> qui exprime la position du BoT sur la façon dont les sommes sont perçues et distribuées. En résumé,</p> <ol> <li>Quelques <i>chapters</i> pourront encore recueillir directement des dons, mais les critères sont à définir.</li> <li>La capacité de recueillir des dons ne donne aucun droit sur les sommes recueillies.</li> <li>La distribution des fonds est supervisée par le FDC, mais son mode opératoire est encore à définir.</li> <li>La lettre établit les grandes axes sur lesquels s'appuiera le BoT lors des discussions et des prises de décision.</li> </ol> <p>Il y aura des discussions approfondies lors d'une rencontre à <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Finance_meeting_2012">Paris en 2012</a> et une prise de position sera énoncée après une rencontre à <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Conference_2012">Berlin en 2012</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Réactions" data-mw-thread-id="h-Réactions-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"><span id="R.C3.A9actions"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Réactions-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span>Réactions<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Réactions-Cueillette_et_distribution_des_fonds_dans_le_futur"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Réactions" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le trésorier de <i>Wikimedia UK</i>, Thomas Dalton, a répliqué à un commentaire de Stu West, membre du BoT&nbsp;:</p> <blockquote> <p>«&nbsp;Je suis très épuisé de ces vagues affirmations de la <i>Foundation</i>. Dans les dernières années, nous avons obtenu un succès croissant lors de nos campagnes de levées de fonds. Qu'est-ce qui cause autant de soucis&nbsp;? [Votre affirmation 3] - «&nbsp;Cela permet aux <i>chapters</i> de ne pas se préoccuper des levées de fonds&nbsp;» - est complètement à côté de la plaque. Donner l'option aux <i>chapters</i> signifie leur laisser décider. Si vous décidez pour eux, vous leur enlevez des options [...] Ce n'est vraiment pas clair si l'économie d'échelle obtenue grâce à la centralisation contre-balance les avantages des campagne de levées de fonds locales (impôts, désir des donneurs d'aider une organisation locale, façon locale de recueillir les fonds, etc.)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</p> </blockquote> <p>Craig Franklin, trésorier de <i>Wikimedia Australia</i>, a écrit&nbsp;:</p> <blockquote> <p>«&nbsp;Ce type de changements obligera les <i>chapters</i> à dépenser du temps et des efforts à chercher d'autres sources de financement. Dans les faits, vous proposez de remplacer un ensemble de problèmes par un autre ensemble [...] Mon inquiétude est qu'en interdisant aux <i>chapters</i> de mener des levées de fonds, ils perdront leur temps à chercher d'autres sources de financement, ce qui n'aidera personne<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</p> </blockquote> <p><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Florence_Devouard?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Florence Devouard">Florence Devouard</a>, ancienne membre du BoT, a écrit&nbsp;:</p> <blockquote> <p>«&nbsp;Je crois que le BoT a pris une bonne décision, mais s'est mal exprimé, ce qui amène son lot de doutes et malheureusement affaiblit la courageuse position qu'il a prise. [Le BoT] réitère, d'une certaine façon, son désir pour une organisation décentralisée, en ayant recours à un système d'examen par les pairs pour la distribution des fonds à travers le mouvement. [Il doit être félicité pour avoir choisi] cette voie difficile, laquelle devra être clairement définie<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</p> </blockquote> <p>D'autres responsables de <i>chapters</i> ont exprimé leur opposition et leurs frustrations. Les discussions dans les <i>chapters</i> devraient continuer pendant l'année qui vient.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ondes_de_choc" data-mw-thread-id="h-Ondes_de_choc"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Ondes_de_choc"></span>Ondes de choc<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Ondes_de_choc"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Ondes de choc" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> <!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Ondes_de_choc","replies":["h-Steal_this_Column-Ondes_de_choc","h-\u00ab_Nous_sommes_les_m\u00e9dias,_et_donc_vous_l'\u00eates_\u00bb-Ondes_de_choc","h-Controverse_publicitaire_?-Ondes_de_choc"]}}--> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Manifestations_contre_SOPA_et_PIPA?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Manifestations contre SOPA et PIPA">manifestations contre SOPA et PIPA</a> ont amené leur lot de commentaires dans la presse écrite et dans le Web.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Steal_this_Column" data-mw-thread-id="h-Steal_this_Column-Ondes_de_choc"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Steal_this_Column-Ondes_de_choc"></span><i>Steal this Column</i><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Steal_this_Column-Ondes_de_choc"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Steal this Column" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Dans un <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Op-ed?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Op-ed">op-ed</a></i> du <i>New York Times</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/06/opinion/steal-this-column.html?_r%3D2%26pagewanted%3Dall">[8]</a>, son ancien rédacteur en chef <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bill_Keller?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bill Keller">Bill Keller</a> juge que la Wikipédia en anglais fait partie des <span class="citation">«&nbsp;merveilles de l'Internet&nbsp;»</span>. Il compare celle-ci aux entreprises de la Silicon Valley qui seraient selon lui toujours perçues comme mercantiles malgré leurs efforts caritatifs. Pour lui, la Wikipédia est <span class="citation">«&nbsp;à but non lucratif, communautaire, relativement transparente, libre de lire et copier, favorise la vie privée dans Internet, neutre et civique<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Je l'utilise plus régulièrement que mes autres outils web à l'exception des moteurs de recherche, et parce que je la crois précieuse, je donne lors de ses levées de fonds <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Public_Radio?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Financement" title="National Public Radio">façon NPR</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> Selon lui, les manifestations sont l'une des <span class="citation">«&nbsp;batailles dans la grande guerre des sectes sur la gouvernance d'Internet — une tentative de réduire le piratage en ligne<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Le but essentiel des deux projets de loi [...] est d'étendre les lois du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Copyright?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Copyright">copyright</a>, qui protègent déjà les créateurs de contenus aux États-Unis, aux paradis extra-territoriaux où les pirates les plus prolifiques ont établi une place d'affaires<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> Toujours selon lui, les projets de loi, rédigés avec l'aide de lobbyistes travaillant pour Hollywood, étaient <span class="citation">«&nbsp;vagues et maladroits<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;»</span>. Il a lu au complet le projet de loi <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stop_Online_Piracy_Act?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stop Online Piracy Act">SOPA</a> et si elle avait été interprétée de la façon la plus drastique, elle aurait rendu criminels des sites web innocents et bouleversé les fondements d'Internet.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Mona_Lisa,_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci,_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/220px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="7479" data-file-height="11146"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 328px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/220px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="328" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/330px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/440px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/La_Joconde?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="La Joconde">La Joconde</a></i>, peinture restaurée par le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/C2RMF?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="C2RMF">C2RMF</a>. Cette photo est à la fois <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mona_Lisa,_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci,_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg" class="extiw" title="en:File:Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg"><i>featured picture</i></a> sur la Wikipédia en anglais et «&nbsp;image remarquable&nbsp;» sur <i>Commons</i>, où elle est aussi jugée <span class="citation">«&nbsp;image de plus grande valeur sur Commons dans le domaine&nbsp;: Mona Lisa&nbsp;»</span>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Il est étonné que Jimmy Wales, qui se tient habituellement loin des projecteurs médiatiques, ait mis autant de fougue dans cette «&nbsp;bataille&nbsp;». Wales, que Keller a rencontré à Londres, a désavoué certains manifestants qui militaient pour l'anarchie. Leurs gestes, dont une attaque du site web du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DoJ?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="DoJ">DoJ</a>, étaient <span class="citation">«&nbsp;incroyablement contre-productifs<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;»</span>. Wales est en faveur de lois qui protègent les oeuvres artistiques, mais juge inutile de criminaliser la copie privée d'un CD ou la présence d'un hyperlien vers un site au contenu illégal. Il a donné l'exemple de l'article <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Pirate_Bay?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Pirate Bay">The Pirate Bay</a> qui contient un hyperlien vers ce site&nbsp;: si SOPA s'appliquait, Wikipédia serait coupable d'enfreindre la loi américaine.</p> <p>Wales croit que les lois américaines sur le copyright suffisent à museler les pirates, mais pas ceux qui agissent en dehors de ce pays. Il est partisan d'un autre projet de loi, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=OPEN_Act&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="OPEN Act (page inexistante)">OPEN Act</a>&nbsp;<a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OPEN_Act" class="extiw" title="en:OPEN Act"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais&nbsp;: «&nbsp;OPEN Act&nbsp;»">(en)</span></a>, qui donnerait plus de pouvoirs au <span class="ExistingLink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_International_Trade_Commission?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="United States International Trade Commission">United States International Trade Commission</a></span> pour bloquer temporairement un site web ou encore interdire tout transfert de fonds en sa faveur. Keller croit que c'est un bon début, mais du même souffle estime que les sites web doivent participer de façon plus active à la lutte contre le piratage. Il croit également que les sociétés de médias doivent s'engager dans la rédaction de ce projet de loi.</p> <p>Keller observe que plusieurs importantes sociétés qui ont fait fortune en proposant de nouvelles technologies en ligne, Microsoft avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Xbox_Live?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Xbox Live">Xbox Live</a> ou <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Netflix?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Netflix">Netflix</a> avec son service de diffusion de films en ligne, ont gardé le silence pendant les manifestations. Il croit qu'elles ont tout intérêt à avoir de meilleures protections sur les oeuvres artistiques, d'où leur silence.</p> <p>Keller complète en mentionnant que la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premier_amendement_de_la_Constitution_des_%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Premier amendement de la Constitution des États-Unis">liberté d'expression américaine</a> (<span class="citation not_fr_quote" lang="en">«&nbsp;<span class="italique">free speech</span>&nbsp;»</span>), tel que déclarée dans la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Constitution_des_%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Constitution des États-Unis">Constitution des États-Unis</a>, n'est pas la liberté d'expression de Wikipédia. Dans un jugement de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cour_supr%C3%AAme_des_%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cour suprême des États-Unis">Cour suprême des États-Unis</a>, la juge <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">Sandra Day O'Connor</a> a déclaré&nbsp;: <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Les créateurs [de la constitution] voyaient le copyright comme un véhicule de la libre expression. En établissant un droit monnayable sur l'usage de l'expression d'une personne, le copyright offre la motivation économique de créer et de répandre des idées<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span></p> <p>Les commentaires laissés par des lecteurs du <i>op-ed</i> <a class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DWikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2012-02-13/In_focus%23Keller:_.22Steal_This_Column.22">[9]</a> montrent qu'ils s'opposent à cette conception du copyright. Certains doutent que la forme actuelle du copyright favorise la propagation de contenus originaux et spéculent que les sociétés qui détiennent de vastes portfolios d'oeuvres artistiques patrimoniales s'opposent à toutes formes d'expression innovatrices que le web propose.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="«_Nous_sommes_les_médias,_et_donc_vous_l'êtes_»" data-mw-thread-id="h-«_Nous_sommes_les_médias,_et_donc_vous_l'êtes_»-Ondes_de_choc"><span id=".C2.AB_Nous_sommes_les_m.C3.A9dias.2C_et_donc_vous_l.27.C3.AAtes_.C2.BB"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-«_Nous_sommes_les_médias,_et_donc_vous_l'êtes_»-Ondes_de_choc"></span>«&nbsp;Nous sommes les médias, et donc vous l'êtes&nbsp;»<span data-mw-comment-end="h-«_Nous_sommes_les_médias,_et_donc_vous_l'êtes_»-Ondes_de_choc"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : «&nbsp;Nous sommes les médias, et donc vous l'êtes&nbsp;»" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fichier:Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg/220px-Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2748" data-file-height="1832"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg/220px-Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg/330px-Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg/440px-Wikimania_2009_-_Jimmy_Wales_%26_Kat_Walsh.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">&nbsp;</span></a> <figcaption> Jimmy Wales et Kate Walsh lors de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikimania?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikimania">Wikimania</a> 2009. </figcaption> </figure> <p>Jimmy Wales et Kate Walsh, membre du <i>Board of Trustees</i> de la WMF, ont rédigé un <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Op-ed?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Op-ed">op-ed</a></i> pour <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Washington_Post?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i> intitulé <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">We are the media, and so are you</span></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/we-are-the-media-and-so-are-you/2012/02/09/gIQAfNW81Q_story.html">[10]</a>.</p> <p>Selon eux, les manifestations contre SOPA et PIPA ne se résument pas à un combat entre Hollywood et Silicon Valley. Ce serait plutôt l'éveil de millions d'internautes à la possibilité de montrer leur <span class="citation">«&nbsp;pouvoir invisible aux yeux du Congrès américain&nbsp;»</span>. Ils affirment que la communauté wikipédienne n'est pas contrôlée par de puissantes sociétés de la Silicon Valley. <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Wikipédia ne s'oppose pas aux droits des créateurs — nous avons le plus grand réservoir de créateurs de l'histoire humaine. Les efforts qui ont servi à construire Wikipédia auraient pu servir à remplir des tablettes d'albums ou de films qui auraient occupé des multitudes de nuits. À l'opposé, elle offre un accès illimité à la connaissance du monde. Protéger nos droits de créateurs implique que nous pouvons construire nos encyclopédies, photographes, vidéos, sites web et entreprises sans craindre de les perdre sans procédure régulière<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span></p> <p>La Wikipédia en anglais ne vise nullement à devenir une organisation de plaidoyer, mais le projet est devenu politique à cause de sa taille. Toujours selon les deux, la Wikipédia en anglais ne peut plus se contenter de seulement observer, elle doit participer aux efforts d'organisations qui plaident pour plus de droits aux citoyens, dont <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_Knowledge?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Public Knowledge">Public Knowledge</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a>, et qui ont protégé et fait croître l'espace qui a permis à Wikipédia de grandir.</p> <blockquote> <p>«&nbsp;Nous sommes l'industrie des médias. Nous sommes des créateurs. Nous sommes des innovateurs. Le monde entier profite de notre travail. Ce travail, et la capacité de le faire, mérite d'être protégé pour le bénéfice de tous<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Controverse_publicitaire_?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Controverse_publicitaire_?-Ondes_de_choc"><span id="Controverse_publicitaire_.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Controverse_publicitaire_?-Ondes_de_choc"></span>Controverse publicitaire&nbsp;?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Controverse_publicitaire_?-Ondes_de_choc"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Controverse publicitaire&nbsp;?" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Selon Cary H. Sherman, <i>chief executive</i> de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/RIAA?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="RIAA">RIAA</a>, <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Wikipédia en anglais, Google et d'autres ont créé une controverse en assimilant injustement <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stop_Online_Piracy_Act?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stop Online Piracy Act">SOPA</a> à de la censure<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/08/opinion/what-wikipedia-wont-tell-you.html">[11]</a> Dans un article publié par <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ars_Technica?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></i>, Kelly Sue DeConnick réplique en apportant différentes informations qui semblent démontrer que Sherman se trompe sur plusieurs affirmations qu'il a faites. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2012/02/riaa-still-raging-against-google-wikipedia-for-misuse-of-power-in-sopa-battle.ars">[12]</a></p> <p>Selon Sherman&nbsp;: <span class="citation">«&nbsp;Le tsunami numérique qui a durement frappé le capitole le mois dernier, lequel a obligé le Congrès des États-Unis à mettre de côté une loi visant à combattre le piratage en ligne de la musique, des films, des livres et des autres travaux créatifs, a soulevé des questions sur la façon dont fonctionne les processus démocratiques à l'ère numérique<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-19"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 19<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span> Ce à quoi DeConnick réplique&nbsp;: <span class="citation">«&nbsp;C'est exact, entendre la voix de millions de citoyens mécontents est ce qui amène à poser des questions sur la démocratie — mais pas la rédaction de projets de loi en secret après n'avoir consulté que certains groupes intéressés<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 20<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span></p> <p>Selon DeConnick, Sherman suivrait les pas du président de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/MPAA?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="MPAA">MPAA</a>, Chris Dodd, qui aurait déclaré le mois précédent que le <i>blackout</i> d'Internet contre SOPA est <span class="citation">«&nbsp;une réplique irresponsable<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 21<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;»</span>, <span class="citation">«&nbsp;un abus de pouvoir<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 22<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;»</span>, <span class="citation">«&nbsp;un développement dangereux et troublant<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 23<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;»</span> et un <span class="citation">«&nbsp;truc publicitaire<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 24<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>&nbsp;»</span>. Toujours selon DeConnick, <span class="citation">«&nbsp;les partisans de SOPA mettent régulièrement en avant que Google est responsable [du mouvement de protestation]. Dans les faits, c'est <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reddit?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reddit">reddit</a> qui a le premier proposé un <i>blackout</i> le mois précédent&nbsp;; Wikipédia en anglais et Google sont arrivés sur le tard dans le dossier<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>trad 25<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.&nbsp;»</span></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Dans_les_coulisses_de_la_Wikimedia" data-mw-thread-id="h-Dans_les_coulisses_de_la_Wikimedia"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Dans_les_coulisses_de_la_Wikimedia"></span>Dans les coulisses de la Wikimedia<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Dans_les_coulisses_de_la_Wikimedia"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10&amp;_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Dans les coulisses de la Wikimedia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> <!--__DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Dans_les_coulisses_de_la_Wikimedia","replies":[]}}--> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <dl> <dd> <dl> <dd> <i>Ce qui suit parle essentiellement de technique.</i> </dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> <ul> <li>La mise au point de Mediawiki 1.19 a pris du retard. Dans les semaines à venir, les programmeurs de la WMF concentreront leurs efforts sur cette version. Par ailleurs, le passage à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Git?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Git">Git</a>, <span class="citation">«&nbsp;logiciel de gestion de versions décentralisé&nbsp;»</span>, demande des ajustements. Par exemple, les programmeurs se demandent s'ils vont utiliser <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://code.google.com/p/gerrit/">Gerrit</a></i>, en faveur chez Google, ou bien <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=http://phabricator.org/">Phabricator</a></i>, en faveur chez Facebook, pour la revue de code. <a class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DWikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2012-02-13/Technology_report%23Testing_time_ahead_for_top_developers">[13]</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li>Des chercheurs ont montré une possibilité d'attaque logicielle lorsque des informations sont transmises par l'<a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php">API de Mediawiki</a>. Les programmeurs envisagent de réduire le nombre de formats de données, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/JSON?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="JSON">JSON</a> semblant le meilleur candidat. <a class="external autonumber" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&amp;tl=en&amp;hl=en-GB&amp;u=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DWikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/2012-02-13/Technology_report%23In_brief">[14]</a></li> </ul> <div style="margin-top: 1em;"></div> <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td valign="top"> <div style="margin-bottom:0.75em; border: 1px solid grey; padding:0px; background: white;"> <div style="background: #fee7e6; text-align: center; padding:5px"> <b>Si vous trouvez que <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Britannica</a></i> coûte cher, essayez Wikipédia.</b> </div> </div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.75em; border: 1px solid grey; padding:0px; background: white;"> <div style="background: #d5fdf4; text-align: left; padding:5px"> <b>Rédigé/traduit par</b> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Discussion_utilisateur:Cantons-de-l%27Est?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Discussion utilisateur:Cantons-de-l'Est">Cantons-de-l'Est</a> </div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div style="background-image:linear-gradient(#eaf3ff 0%, white 100%); background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(#eaf3ff 0%, white 100%); background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(#eaf3ff 0%, white 100%); background-image:-o-linear-gradient(#eaf3ff 0%, white 100%); background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(#eaf3ff 0%, white 100%);"> <div style="margin-left:5px;"> <b>Citations originales</b> </div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">As a business owner, if you can tap into the passion of your workforce the same way that Wikipedia taps into its army of unpaid volunteers, you can accomplish things that no amount of money can buy. </span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">On the surface, the success of Wikipedia makes no sense--how could (and why would) a team of volunteers possibly complete such a massive undertaking?</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">carry forward the Foundation's goals of advocating for the community in new ways, ranging from fighting for content online, to facilitating community discussions about critical WMF initiatives that affect the community, to better supporting Wikimedia administrators and functionaries, to providing information about legislative initiatives worldwide that impact online content and censorship.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Some chapters believe their cultural independence owes a lot to their ability to conduct fundraising and manage the proceeds in their own jurisdictions. Other Wikimedians have expressed disquiet at the proposed new "grant" system for disseminating donor funds.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Gardner's model is impressive in its cogency, addressing older discussions and requests in an intelligent way, and appealing to many people, individually and collectively. The FDC is supposed to make the model acceptable, because it can perhaps restrict the so far unlimited power of the WMF. Purely from the chapters' perspective, however, there is reason for concern. What's more, in a decentralized fundraising model, the individual Wikimedia activist has several doors to knock at for his plans, behind which decisions are being taken independently. In a centralized one, it would be just one door, at the end of the day.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">I’m getting very tired of vague claims like this from the Foundation. We have had enormous and ever-increasing success with fundraising over the last few years. What has gone so terribly wrong? [Your point 3] is just complete nonsense. Giving chapters the option means letting them decide. If you decide for them, that is taking away options. ... It is very unclear if the economies of scale from centralisation are enough to counter the advantages to local fundraising (tax, desire of donors to suppose local organisations, local payment methods, etc.).</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">these sorts of changes will just push chapters into spending valuable time and effort looking for other sources of income. In essence, you are proposing to replace one set of problems with another set of problems. ... My fear is that by cutting off chapters from fundraising, they’ll end up wasting even more time trying to find other revenue sources, which will benefit no one.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">I think the board took a good decision, but expressed it very poorly, which raises many doubts and unfortunately weakens the bold position they took. [The Board has] reiterated their desire for a somewhat decentralized organization, using a peer-reviewed system for funds allocations movement-wide. [It's commendable that they've chosen] this difficult path, which remains to be clearly defined.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">nonprofit, communitarian, comparatively transparent, free to use and copy, privacy-minded, neutral and civil. </span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">I use it more than any other Web tool except my search engines, and because I value it, I donate to its NPR-style fund-raising campaign. </span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">So as I followed the latest battle in the great sectarian war over the governing of the Internet — the attempt to curtail online piracy.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The central purpose of the legislation — rather lost in the rhetorical cross fire and press coverage — was to extend the copyright laws that already protect content creators in the U.S. to offshore havens where the most egregious pirates have set up shop.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">vague and ham-handed</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">incredibly counterproductive</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The framers intended copyright itself to be the engine of free expression. By establishing a marketable right to the use of one’s expression, copyright supplies the economic incentive to create and disseminate ideas.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Wikipedia is not opposed to the rights of creators — we have the largest collection of creators in human history. The effort that went into building Wikipedia could have created shelves full of albums or near-endless nights of movies. Instead it’s providing unrestricted access to the world’s knowledge. Protecting our rights as creators means ensuring that we can build our encyclopedias, photographs, videos, Web sites, charities and businesses without the fear that they all will be taken away from us without due process</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">[W]e are the media industry. We are the creators. We are the innovators. The whole world benefits from our work. That work, and our ability to do it, is worth protecting for everyone.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Wikipedia, Google and others manufactured controversy by unfairly equating SOPA with censorship.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-19">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">The digital tsunami that swept over the Capitol last month, forcing Congress to set aside legislation to combat the online piracy of American music, movies, books and other creative works, raised questions about how the democratic process functions in the digital age.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-20">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">That's right, hearing from millions of unhappy citizens is what raises questions about democracy—not having bills drafted in secret after consultation with only certain stakeholders.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-21">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">an irresponsible response</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-22">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">an abuse of power</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-23">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">a dangerous and troubling development</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-24">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">gimmick</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:RAW/2012-02-12?_x_tr_sl=auto&amp;_x_tr_tl=en&amp;_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-25">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> «&nbsp;<i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Yet SOPA supporters routinely insist it's all about Google. Indeed, reddit helped start the blackout rolling last month; Wikipedia and Google were latecomers to the party.</span></i>&nbsp;»</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> <div style="margin-left:5px;"> <b>Notes</b> </div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> <div style="margin-left:5px;"> <b>Références</b> </div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> </div><!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐gsjw8 Cached time: 20241123073733 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.021 seconds CPU time usage: 0.223 seconds Real time usage: 0.299 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2305/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 56846/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 26583/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 18116/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.060/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3972803/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 218.015 1 -total 57.47% 125.292 27 Modèle:Citation 49.59% 108.119 25 Modèle:Trad 27.25% 59.405 25 Modèle:En 25.99% 56.671 25 Modèle:Indication_de_langue 11.86% 25.865 26 Modèle:Lang 9.78% 21.323 7 Modèle:Unité 9.29% 20.258 1 Modèle:Composition_RAW/references 8.36% 18.220 3 Modèle:Références 6.82% 14.870 4 Modèle:Citation_bloc --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key frwiki:pcache:idhash:6063759-0!canonical and timestamp 20241123073733 and revision id 183080157. 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