CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Advantages Research Papers - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "by_tag", 'action': "show_one", 'controller_action': 'by_tag#show_one', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="lnGmgbUiDN_rPRIfqhnuMCtZH50wkG3DA3XlABdqDXjFXwqS8KWZ--rWIjuYF3BGK3Gxmdh0dp3w68Tr6gfLLw" /> <link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-2b6f90dbd75f5941bc38f4ad716615f3ac449e7398313bb3bc225fba451cd9fa.css" /> <meta name="description" content="View Advantages Research Papers on Academia.edu for free." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'by_tag'; var $action_name = "show_one"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'dc2ad41da5d7ea682babd20f90650302fb0a3a36'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":14016,"monthly_visitors":"97 million","monthly_visitor_count":97692212,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":97,"user_count":282976367,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1739788056000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1739788056000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-40698df34f913bd208bb70f09d2feb7c6286046250be17a4db35bba2c08b0e2f.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-a22f75d8519394c21253dae46c8c5d60ad36ea68c7d494347ec64229d8c1cf85.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-5708a105dd66b4c7d0ef30b7c094b1048423f0042bd2a7b123f2d99ee3cf46d9.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages" /> </head>   <body class='c-by_tag a-show_one logged_out u-bgColorWhite'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><style type="text/css">.sor-abstract { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Advantages</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">1,799 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Advantages</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Advantages">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70062011" data-work_id="70062011" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70062011/Study_on_Laser_Communication_Features_Application_Advantages">Study on Laser Communication: Features, Application, Advantages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Laser communications offer a viable alternative to RF communications for intersatellite links and other applications where high-performance links are necessary. High data rate, small antenna size, narrow beam divergence, and a narrow... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70062011" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Laser communications offer a viable alternative to RF communications for intersatellite links and other applications where high-performance links are necessary. High data rate, small antenna size, narrow beam divergence, and a narrow field of view are characteristics of laser communication that offer a number of potential advantages for system design. The high data rate and large information throughput available with laser communications are many times greater than in radio frequency (RF) systems. The small antenna size requires only a small increase in the weight and volume of host vehicle. In addition, this feature substantially reduces blockage of fields of view of the most desirable areas on satellites. The smaller antennas, with diameters typically less than 30cm, create less momentum disturbance to any sensitive satellite sensors. The narrow beam divergence of affords interference-free and secure operation. Prof. Atul A. Padghan | Prof. Ankit P. Jaiswal&quot;Study on Laser Com...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70062011" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e26ec7f0d11963c2308e1007cf7a5eb2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79935930,"asset_id":70062011,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79935930/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5325730" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnkitJaiswal1">Ankit Jaiswal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5325730" type="text/json">{"id":5325730,"first_name":"Ankit","last_name":"Jaiswal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnkitJaiswal1","display_name":"Ankit Jaiswal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnkitJaiswal1?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5325730/2339730/2728234/s65_ankit.jaiswal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70062011 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70062011"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70062011, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70062011", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70062011 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70062011; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70062011"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70062011 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70062011"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70062011; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70062011]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70062011").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70062011").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70062011"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems_Engineering">Control Systems Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78" type="text/json">{"id":78,"name":"Control Systems Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="516" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics">Optics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="516" type="text/json">{"id":516,"name":"Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2345" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications">Wireless Communications</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2345" type="text/json">{"id":2345,"name":"Wireless Communications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70062011]'), work: {"id":70062011,"title":"Study on Laser Communication: Features, Application, Advantages","created_at":"2022-01-30T10:53:29.751-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70062011/Study_on_Laser_Communication_Features_Application_Advantages?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_70062011","summary":"Laser communications offer a viable alternative to RF communications for intersatellite links and other applications where high-performance links are necessary. High data rate, small antenna size, narrow beam divergence, and a narrow field of view are characteristics of laser communication that offer a number of potential advantages for system design. The high data rate and large information throughput available with laser communications are many times greater than in radio frequency (RF) systems. The small antenna size requires only a small increase in the weight and volume of host vehicle. In addition, this feature substantially reduces blockage of fields of view of the most desirable areas on satellites. The smaller antennas, with diameters typically less than 30cm, create less momentum disturbance to any sensitive satellite sensors. The narrow beam divergence of affords interference-free and secure operation. Prof. Atul A. Padghan | Prof. Ankit P. Jaiswal\u0026quot;Study on Laser Com...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79935930,"asset_id":70062011,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5325730,"first_name":"Ankit","last_name":"Jaiswal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnkitJaiswal1","display_name":"Ankit Jaiswal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnkitJaiswal1?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5325730/2339730/2728234/s65_ankit.jaiswal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":78,"name":"Control Systems Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":516,"name":"Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":2345,"name":"Wireless Communications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":6203,"name":"Electronics \u0026 Telecommunication Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_Telecommunication_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":30596,"name":"Control Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems?f_ri=794527"},{"id":34735,"name":"Features","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Features?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":922055,"name":"Electronics and Communications Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_Communications_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1242162,"name":"Final Year Projects for Electronics and Communication Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Final_Year_Projects_for_Electronics_and_Communication_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1573999,"name":"Electronics and communication Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_communication_Engineering-1?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43182149" data-work_id="43182149" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43182149/Comparative_Analysis_of_Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_the_Modes_of_Entrying_the_International_Market">Comparative Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of the Modes of Entrying the International Market</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the process of globalization, enterprises often choose to penetrate international markets in order to improve their competitiveness and develop their market share in foreign markets. The process of international economic integration in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43182149" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the process of globalization, enterprises often choose to penetrate international markets in order to improve their competitiveness and develop their market share in foreign markets. The process of international economic integration in the context of rapid development of science and technology is opening up many opportunities as well as challenges for all countries in the world, especially for developing countries such as Vietnam. There are different methods to enter a foreign market, and each of them represents certain level of penetration in international market. In addition to the benefits gained during the market penetration, enterprises also encounter certain disadvantages such as time to recover profits from investment, competitors in the market, product quality and source capital.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43182149" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7b0b4677de9f94acb8372c7cdfc36209" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63448217,"asset_id":43182149,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63448217/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="141923228" href="https://wsb-gdansk.academia.edu/NguyenHoangTIEN">Hoang-Tien Nguyen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="141923228" type="text/json">{"id":141923228,"first_name":"Hoang-Tien","last_name":"Nguyen","domain_name":"wsb-gdansk","page_name":"NguyenHoangTIEN","display_name":"Hoang-Tien Nguyen","profile_url":"https://wsb-gdansk.academia.edu/NguyenHoangTIEN?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/141923228/38470437/73504459/s65_nguyen_hoang.tien.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43182149 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43182149"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43182149, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43182149", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43182149 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43182149; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43182149"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43182149 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43182149"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43182149; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43182149]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43182149").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43182149").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43182149"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="139493" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Market_Entry_Strategy">International Market Entry Strategy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="139493" type="text/json">{"id":139493,"name":"International Market Entry Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Market_Entry_Strategy?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1180002" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages">Disadvantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1180002" type="text/json">{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43182149]'), work: {"id":43182149,"title":"Comparative Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of the Modes of Entrying the International Market","created_at":"2020-05-27T19:47:31.381-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43182149/Comparative_Analysis_of_Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_the_Modes_of_Entrying_the_International_Market?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_43182149","summary":"In the process of globalization, enterprises often choose to penetrate international markets in order to improve their competitiveness and develop their market share in foreign markets. The process of international economic integration in the context of rapid development of science and technology is opening up many opportunities as well as challenges for all countries in the world, especially for developing countries such as Vietnam. There are different methods to enter a foreign market, and each of them represents certain level of penetration in international market. In addition to the benefits gained during the market penetration, enterprises also encounter certain disadvantages such as time to recover profits from investment, competitors in the market, product quality and source capital. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63448217,"asset_id":43182149,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":141923228,"first_name":"Hoang-Tien","last_name":"Nguyen","domain_name":"wsb-gdansk","page_name":"NguyenHoangTIEN","display_name":"Hoang-Tien Nguyen","profile_url":"https://wsb-gdansk.academia.edu/NguyenHoangTIEN?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/141923228/38470437/73504459/s65_nguyen_hoang.tien.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":139493,"name":"International Market Entry Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Market_Entry_Strategy?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26980553" data-work_id="26980553" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26980553/Adaptive_Cruise_Control">Adaptive Cruise Control</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present world is a result of advancement and continuous change in technology. The automobile industries are trying to improvise with dynamic features by accepting new technology. Nowadays, vehicle owners are more interested in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26980553" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present world is a result of advancement and continuous change in technology. The automobile industries are trying to improvise with dynamic features by accepting new technology. Nowadays, vehicle owners are more interested in the speed of the vehicle. But as speed increases, the same results in decrease in safety. But the advanced technology like Adaptive Cruise Control controls every section of the car and provides safety and comfort. Results from this report show a budget aftermarket adaptive cruise control system is feasible and should be continued with further research. A prototype demonstration unit is being implemented. Full testing of the system will be carried out using a model car to simulate traffic in front. This system will be able to adapt to the simulated changes in traffic, and react with according braking and accelerating levels.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26980553" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="968b9cb8e7f1d38f85615af3806234ce" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47242927,"asset_id":26980553,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47242927/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14715764" href="https://ramjimmakwana.academia.edu/ijirstjournal">IJIRST - International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14715764" type="text/json">{"id":14715764,"first_name":"IJIRST","last_name":"International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology","domain_name":"ramjimmakwana","page_name":"ijirstjournal","display_name":"IJIRST - International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology","profile_url":"https://ramjimmakwana.academia.edu/ijirstjournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14715764/4006643/18545758/s65_ijirst.international_journal_for_innovative_research_in_science_and_technology.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26980553 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26980553"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26980553, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26980553", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_26980553 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26980553; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_26980553"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_26980553 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="26980553"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 26980553; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26980553]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26980553").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26980553").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26980553"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34735" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Features">Features</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34735" type="text/json">{"id":34735,"name":"Features","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Features?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="107226" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Working">Working</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="107226" type="text/json">{"id":107226,"name":"Working","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Working?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1180002" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages">Disadvantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1180002" type="text/json">{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26980553]'), work: {"id":26980553,"title":"Adaptive Cruise Control","created_at":"2016-07-14T05:37:31.264-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26980553/Adaptive_Cruise_Control?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_26980553","summary":"The present world is a result of advancement and continuous change in technology. The automobile industries are trying to improvise with dynamic features by accepting new technology. Nowadays, vehicle owners are more interested in the speed of the vehicle. But as speed increases, the same results in decrease in safety. But the advanced technology like Adaptive Cruise Control controls every section of the car and provides safety and comfort. Results from this report show a budget aftermarket adaptive cruise control system is feasible and should be continued with further research. A prototype demonstration unit is being implemented. Full testing of the system will be carried out using a model car to simulate traffic in front. This system will be able to adapt to the simulated changes in traffic, and react with according braking and accelerating levels.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47242927,"asset_id":26980553,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14715764,"first_name":"IJIRST","last_name":"International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology","domain_name":"ramjimmakwana","page_name":"ijirstjournal","display_name":"IJIRST - International Journal for Innovative Research in Science and Technology","profile_url":"https://ramjimmakwana.academia.edu/ijirstjournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14715764/4006643/18545758/s65_ijirst.international_journal_for_innovative_research_in_science_and_technology.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":34735,"name":"Features","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Features?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":107226,"name":"Working","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Working?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38614372" data-work_id="38614372" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38614372/Advantage_and_disadvantage_of_CISG">Advantage and disadvantage of CISG</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">International Sales Law</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38614372" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b3fef83ea796a3ec54d8d9d3779534c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58690747,"asset_id":38614372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58690747/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48496497" href="https://rgsl.academia.edu/IlkinRustamov">Ilkin Rustamov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48496497" type="text/json">{"id":48496497,"first_name":"Ilkin","last_name":"Rustamov","domain_name":"rgsl","page_name":"IlkinRustamov","display_name":"Ilkin Rustamov","profile_url":"https://rgsl.academia.edu/IlkinRustamov?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48496497/24402346/32753706/s65_ilkin.rustamov.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38614372 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38614372"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38614372, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38614372", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38614372 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38614372; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38614372"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38614372 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38614372"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38614372; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38614372]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38614372").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38614372").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38614372"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2575" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law">International Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2575" type="text/json">{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30302" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Sale_of_Goods">International Sale of Goods</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="30302" type="text/json">{"id":30302,"name":"International Sale of Goods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Sale_of_Goods?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145748" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sales">Sales</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145748" type="text/json">{"id":145748,"name":"Sales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sales?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="324355" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_European_Sales_Law">Common European Sales Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="324355" type="text/json">{"id":324355,"name":"Common European Sales Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_European_Sales_Law?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38614372]'), work: {"id":38614372,"title":"Advantage and disadvantage of CISG","created_at":"2019-03-23T11:03:19.578-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38614372/Advantage_and_disadvantage_of_CISG?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_38614372","summary":"International Sales Law ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58690747,"asset_id":38614372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48496497,"first_name":"Ilkin","last_name":"Rustamov","domain_name":"rgsl","page_name":"IlkinRustamov","display_name":"Ilkin Rustamov","profile_url":"https://rgsl.academia.edu/IlkinRustamov?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48496497/24402346/32753706/s65_ilkin.rustamov.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2575,"name":"International Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Law?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":30302,"name":"International Sale of Goods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Sale_of_Goods?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":145748,"name":"Sales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sales?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":324355,"name":"Common European Sales Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Common_European_Sales_Law?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":433919,"name":"CISG","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CISG?f_ri=794527"},{"id":499621,"name":"United nation convention on contracts for international sale of goods CISG","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_nation_convention_on_contracts_for_international_sale_of_goods_CISG?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":876136,"name":"Sales of Goods Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sales_of_Goods_Law?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7352685" data-work_id="7352685" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7352685/Social_Media_Marketing_SOCIAL_MEDIA_MARKETING_ADVANTAGES_AND_DISADVANTAGES">Social Media Marketing SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In recent years, social media has become ubiquitous and most important for social networking, content sharing and online accessing. Due to its reliability, consistency and instantaneous features, social media opens a wide place for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7352685" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In recent years, social media has become ubiquitous and most important for social networking, content sharing and online accessing. Due to its reliability, consistency and instantaneous features, social media opens a wide place for businesses such as online marketing. Marketing which occurs via social media is known as social media marketing. Social media marketing has made possible for companies to reach targeted consumers easily, effectively and instantly. Besides that, social media marketing also faces several challenges in the field. This article argues on social media marketing"s advantages and disadvantages in present era.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7352685" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6fe9c42f0b1de72e68447e634e2c6ce6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33952810,"asset_id":7352685,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33952810/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12950072" href="https://independent.academia.edu/vbofgb">vbo fgb</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12950072" type="text/json">{"id":12950072,"first_name":"vbo","last_name":"fgb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"vbofgb","display_name":"vbo fgb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/vbofgb?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7352685 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7352685"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7352685, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7352685", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7352685 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7352685; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7352685"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7352685 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7352685"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7352685; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7352685]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7352685").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7352685").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7352685"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9246" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media">Social Media</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9246" type="text/json">{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing">Social Media Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="36846" type="text/json">{"id":36846,"name":"Social Media Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7352685]'), work: {"id":7352685,"title":"Social Media Marketing SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES","created_at":"2014-06-15T04:17:40.590-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7352685/Social_Media_Marketing_SOCIAL_MEDIA_MARKETING_ADVANTAGES_AND_DISADVANTAGES?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_7352685","summary":"In recent years, social media has become ubiquitous and most important for social networking, content sharing and online accessing. Due to its reliability, consistency and instantaneous features, social media opens a wide place for businesses such as online marketing. Marketing which occurs via social media is known as social media marketing. Social media marketing has made possible for companies to reach targeted consumers easily, effectively and instantly. Besides that, social media marketing also faces several challenges in the field. This article argues on social media marketing\"s advantages and disadvantages in present era.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33952810,"asset_id":7352685,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12950072,"first_name":"vbo","last_name":"fgb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"vbofgb","display_name":"vbo fgb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/vbofgb?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":36846,"name":"Social Media Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7762611" data-work_id="7762611" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7762611/AN_INTRODUCTION_TO_VIRTUAL_REALITY_TECHNIQUES_AND_ITS_APPLICATIONS">AN INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNIQUES AND ITS APPLICATIONS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper reviews the virtual reality techniques. Virtual Reality is a computer system used to create an artificial world in which the user has the impression of being in that world and with the ability to navigate through the world and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7762611" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper reviews the virtual reality techniques. Virtual Reality is a computer system used to create an artificial world in which the user has the impression of being in that world and with the ability to navigate through the world and manipulate objects in the world. Virtual Reality (VR) is a term that applies to computer simulated environments that can simulate physical presence in places in the real world, as well as in imaginary worlds. Most current virtual reality environments are primarily visual experiences, displayed either on a computer screen or through special stereoscopic displays, but some simulations include additional sensory information, such as sound through speakers or headphones. Some advanced, haptic systems now include tactile information, generally known as force feedback, in medical and gaming applications. Virtual reality is used to describe a wide variety of applications commonly associated with immersive, highly visual, 3D environments. The development of CAD software, graphics hardware acceleration, and head mounted displays, database gloves, and miniaturization have helped popularize the notion. People often identify VR with head mounted displays and data suits. This paper review about Impact, Heritage and archaeology, Implementation and technologies used in Virtual reality are carried out.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7762611" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5fe693e33749a8ee89f17ae899820e57" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34277049,"asset_id":7762611,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34277049/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4774185" href="https://independent.academia.edu/iirpublications">iir publications</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4774185" type="text/json">{"id":4774185,"first_name":"iir","last_name":"publications","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iirpublications","display_name":"iir publications","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iirpublications?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4774185/5959165/9548512/s65_iir.publications.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7762611 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7762611"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7762611, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7762611", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7762611 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7762611; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7762611"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7762611 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7762611"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7762611; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7762611]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7762611").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7762611").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7762611"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="33291" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applications">Applications</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="33291" type="text/json">{"id":33291,"name":"Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50642" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality">Virtual Reality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50642" type="text/json">{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="290135" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haptic">Haptic</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="290135" type="text/json">{"id":290135,"name":"Haptic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haptic?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7762611]'), work: {"id":7762611,"title":"AN INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNIQUES AND ITS APPLICATIONS","created_at":"2014-07-23T16:25:20.526-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7762611/AN_INTRODUCTION_TO_VIRTUAL_REALITY_TECHNIQUES_AND_ITS_APPLICATIONS?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_7762611","summary":"This paper reviews the virtual reality techniques. Virtual Reality is a computer system used to create an artificial world in which the user has the impression of being in that world and with the ability to navigate through the world and manipulate objects in the world. Virtual Reality (VR) is a term that applies to computer simulated environments that can simulate physical presence in places in the real world, as well as in imaginary worlds. Most current virtual reality environments are primarily visual experiences, displayed either on a computer screen or through special stereoscopic displays, but some simulations include additional sensory information, such as sound through speakers or headphones. Some advanced, haptic systems now include tactile information, generally known as force feedback, in medical and gaming applications. Virtual reality is used to describe a wide variety of applications commonly associated with immersive, highly visual, 3D environments. The development of CAD software, graphics hardware acceleration, and head mounted displays, database gloves, and miniaturization have helped popularize the notion. People often identify VR with head mounted displays and data suits. This paper review about Impact, Heritage and archaeology, Implementation and technologies used in Virtual reality are carried out.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34277049,"asset_id":7762611,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4774185,"first_name":"iir","last_name":"publications","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iirpublications","display_name":"iir publications","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iirpublications?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4774185/5959165/9548512/s65_iir.publications.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":33291,"name":"Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":290135,"name":"Haptic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haptic?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":373097,"name":"Techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Techniques?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74043956" data-work_id="74043956" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74043956/Music_in_the_English_Language_Classroom_Going_Beyond_the_Lyrics">Music in the English Language Classroom: Going Beyond the Lyrics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Faleiros (orientadora) Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar as vantagens que a música pode oferecer para a sala de aula de língua inglesa, como a motivação, o desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades, o uso de materiais... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74043956" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Faleiros (orientadora) Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar as vantagens que a música pode oferecer para a sala de aula de língua inglesa, como a motivação, o desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades, o uso de materiais autênticos, além de ajudar os professores a apresentar os aspectos culturais da língua. Também apontamos algumas técnicas que podem ser usadas para melhor explorar músicas com os alunos, especialmente indo além da letra através de atividades feitas antes, durante e após ouvir a música e através do uso de recursos visuais. Para tanto, utilizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica baseada em autores</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74043956" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="37f2f39fed9f5fd17fc3e1ed6ec2033f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82339352,"asset_id":74043956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82339352/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="158681358" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsabellaOliveira181">Isabella Oliveira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="158681358" type="text/json">{"id":158681358,"first_name":"Isabella","last_name":"Oliveira","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsabellaOliveira181","display_name":"Isabella Oliveira","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsabellaOliveira181?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74043956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74043956"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74043956, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74043956", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74043956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74043956; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74043956"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74043956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74043956"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74043956; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74043956]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74043956").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74043956").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74043956"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="671" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music">Music</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="671" type="text/json">{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1236" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art">Art</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1236" type="text/json">{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6223" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English">English</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6223" type="text/json">{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation">Motivation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="46406" type="text/json">{"id":46406,"name":"Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74043956]'), work: {"id":74043956,"title":"Music in the English Language Classroom: Going Beyond the Lyrics","created_at":"2022-03-18T20:21:51.807-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74043956/Music_in_the_English_Language_Classroom_Going_Beyond_the_Lyrics?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_74043956","summary":"Faleiros (orientadora) Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar as vantagens que a música pode oferecer para a sala de aula de língua inglesa, como a motivação, o desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades, o uso de materiais autênticos, além de ajudar os professores a apresentar os aspectos culturais da língua. Também apontamos algumas técnicas que podem ser usadas para melhor explorar músicas com os alunos, especialmente indo além da letra através de atividades feitas antes, durante e após ouvir a música e através do uso de recursos visuais. Para tanto, utilizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica baseada em autores","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82339352,"asset_id":74043956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":158681358,"first_name":"Isabella","last_name":"Oliveira","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsabellaOliveira181","display_name":"Isabella Oliveira","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsabellaOliveira181?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":671,"name":"Music","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1236,"name":"Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Art?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":46406,"name":"Motivation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motivation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":178719,"name":"Songs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Songs?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44228558" data-work_id="44228558" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44228558/_One_Person_Company_under_the_Companies_Act_2013_Journey_from_Minimum_Two_Person_to_Only_One_Person_A_Critical_Reappraisal">‘One Person Company’ under the Companies Act, 2013―Journey from ‘Minimum Two Person’ to ‘Only One Person’: A Critical Reappraisal</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">One Person Company (hereinafter referred to as ‘OPC’) is of recent origin in the Indian legal system which is quite similar to the sole proprietary form of business. The notion of OPC is just like a ‘one man army’. This revolutionary... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44228558" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">One Person Company (hereinafter referred to as ‘OPC’) is of recent origin in the Indian legal system which is quite similar to the sole proprietary form of business. The notion of OPC is just like a ‘one man army’. This revolutionary concept of OPC aims to pave the way for a more modern and dynamic legislation, to enable growth and greater regulation of the corporate sector in India. OPC provides a whole new bracket of opportunities for those who look forward to starting their own ventures with a structure of an organized business. This paper gives a basic knowledge about OPC and helps in understanding its concept. It dwells comprehensively upon the concept of OPC, from its inception as philanthropy till its journey to a statutory form with special reference to the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44228558" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ee76ab565b0cd775af5d8626586dda90" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64765744,"asset_id":44228558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64765744/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34849791" href="https://jgu.academia.edu/AqaRaza">Aqa Raza</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34849791" type="text/json">{"id":34849791,"first_name":"Aqa","last_name":"Raza","domain_name":"jgu","page_name":"AqaRaza","display_name":"Aqa Raza","profile_url":"https://jgu.academia.edu/AqaRaza?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34849791/10186221/107110841/s65_aqa.raza.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44228558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44228558"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44228558, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44228558", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44228558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44228558; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44228558"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44228558 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44228558"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44228558; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44228558]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44228558").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44228558").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44228558"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43838" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India">India</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43838" type="text/json">{"id":43838,"name":"India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="75555" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conversion">Conversion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="75555" type="text/json">{"id":75555,"name":"Conversion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conversion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="108947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exemptions">Exemptions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="108947" type="text/json">{"id":108947,"name":"Exemptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exemptions?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="179538" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incorporation">Incorporation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="179538" type="text/json">{"id":179538,"name":"Incorporation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incorporation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44228558]'), work: {"id":44228558,"title":"‘One Person Company’ under the Companies Act, 2013―Journey from ‘Minimum Two Person’ to ‘Only One Person’: A Critical Reappraisal","created_at":"2020-10-04T18:49:58.733-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44228558/_One_Person_Company_under_the_Companies_Act_2013_Journey_from_Minimum_Two_Person_to_Only_One_Person_A_Critical_Reappraisal?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_44228558","summary":"One Person Company (hereinafter referred to as ‘OPC’) is of recent origin in the Indian legal system which is quite similar to the sole proprietary form of business. The notion of OPC is just like a ‘one man army’. This revolutionary concept of OPC aims to pave the way for a more modern and dynamic legislation, to enable growth and greater regulation of the corporate sector in India. OPC provides a whole new bracket of opportunities for those who look forward to starting their own ventures with a structure of an organized business. This paper gives a basic knowledge about OPC and helps in understanding its concept. It dwells comprehensively upon the concept of OPC, from its inception as philanthropy till its journey to a statutory form with special reference to the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64765744,"asset_id":44228558,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34849791,"first_name":"Aqa","last_name":"Raza","domain_name":"jgu","page_name":"AqaRaza","display_name":"Aqa Raza","profile_url":"https://jgu.academia.edu/AqaRaza?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34849791/10186221/107110841/s65_aqa.raza.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":43838,"name":"India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":75555,"name":"Conversion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conversion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":108947,"name":"Exemptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exemptions?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":179538,"name":"Incorporation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Incorporation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":293173,"name":"Activities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Activities?f_ri=794527"},{"id":587336,"name":"Modes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modes?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1408196,"name":"One Person Company","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/One_Person_Company?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1458903,"name":"Companies Act 2013","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Companies_Act_2013-1?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29364562 coauthored" data-work_id="29364562" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29364562/E_Commerce_and_Its_Global_Impact">E-Commerce and Its Global Impact</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is widely considered the buying and selling of products over the internet, but any transaction that is completed solely through electronic measures can be considered as e-commerce. E-commerce may have... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29364562" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is widely considered the buying and selling of products over the internet, but any transaction that is completed solely through electronic measures can be considered as e-commerce. E-commerce may have large economic effects in the future. Internet commerce will change the face of business forever. Moreover, it has affected the information technology, economic, social, and e-commerce has enhanced the productivity growth worldwide in the 21 st century. The impact of e-commerce on developing countries for reducing inefficiencies for trading and to increase productivity in terms of economies with competitors internationally. There are many ways to accelerate the growth of productivity by cutting costs, increasing efficiency and reducing time and distance, e-commerce could become an important tool for development and growth in all sectors. Information security framework is specifically applied to the components that affect e-commerce that includes computer security, data security, and other wider realms of the information security framework. E-commerce security has its own particular nuances and is one of the highest visible security components that affect the end user through to obtain e-trade finance and equity investment, tourism and its internet incarnation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29364562" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="61cc07a1224938d685d407fa86561185" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49807711,"asset_id":29364562,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49807711/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50204804" href="https://zeecollegeofpharmacy.academia.edu/DrPushpendraKumarJain">Dr. Pushpendra Kumar Jain</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50204804" type="text/json">{"id":50204804,"first_name":"Dr. Pushpendra Kumar","last_name":"Jain","domain_name":"zeecollegeofpharmacy","page_name":"DrPushpendraKumarJain","display_name":"Dr. Pushpendra Kumar Jain","profile_url":"https://zeecollegeofpharmacy.academia.edu/DrPushpendraKumarJain?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50204804/13194379/37583812/s65_dr._pushpendra_kumar.jain.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-29364562">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-29364562"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/Puneetjain41">Puneet Jain</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-29364562'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-29364562').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29364562 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29364562"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29364562, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29364562", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29364562 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29364562; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29364562"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29364562 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29364562"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29364562; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29364562]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29364562").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29364562").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29364562"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">40</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="449" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Engineering">Software Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="449" type="text/json">{"id":449,"name":"Software Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29364562]'), work: {"id":29364562,"title":"E-Commerce and Its Global Impact","created_at":"2016-10-23T07:10:15.070-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29364562/E_Commerce_and_Its_Global_Impact?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_29364562","summary":"Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is widely considered the buying and selling of products over the internet, but any transaction that is completed solely through electronic measures can be considered as e-commerce. E-commerce may have large economic effects in the future. Internet commerce will change the face of business forever. Moreover, it has affected the information technology, economic, social, and e-commerce has enhanced the productivity growth worldwide in the 21 st century. The impact of e-commerce on developing countries for reducing inefficiencies for trading and to increase productivity in terms of economies with competitors internationally. There are many ways to accelerate the growth of productivity by cutting costs, increasing efficiency and reducing time and distance, e-commerce could become an important tool for development and growth in all sectors. Information security framework is specifically applied to the components that affect e-commerce that includes computer security, data security, and other wider realms of the information security framework. E-commerce security has its own particular nuances and is one of the highest visible security components that affect the end user through to obtain e-trade finance and equity investment, tourism and its internet incarnation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49807711,"asset_id":29364562,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50204804,"first_name":"Dr. Pushpendra Kumar","last_name":"Jain","domain_name":"zeecollegeofpharmacy","page_name":"DrPushpendraKumarJain","display_name":"Dr. Pushpendra Kumar Jain","profile_url":"https://zeecollegeofpharmacy.academia.edu/DrPushpendraKumarJain?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50204804/13194379/37583812/s65_dr._pushpendra_kumar.jain.jpg"},{"id":45442816,"first_name":"Puneet","last_name":"Jain","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Puneetjain41","display_name":"Puneet Jain","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Puneetjain41?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45442816/15449287/16069814/s65_puneet.jain.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":449,"name":"Software Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":472,"name":"Human Computer Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Computer_Interaction?f_ri=794527"},{"id":491,"name":"Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1380,"name":"Computer Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3256,"name":"Online Communities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Communities?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3257,"name":"Open Source E-Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Open_Source_E-Commerce?f_ri=794527"},{"id":4252,"name":"Computer Networks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Networks?f_ri=794527"},{"id":7454,"name":"Information Communication Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Communication_Technology?f_ri=794527"},{"id":10679,"name":"International Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Marketing?f_ri=794527"},{"id":13258,"name":"Marketing Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing_Research?f_ri=794527"},{"id":13495,"name":"Information Technology Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology_Law?f_ri=794527"},{"id":15869,"name":"Online Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":30947,"name":"The Internet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Internet?f_ri=794527"},{"id":32615,"name":"B2B E-Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/B2B_E-Commerce?f_ri=794527"},{"id":36846,"name":"Social Media Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing?f_ri=794527"},{"id":52627,"name":"Computer and Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_and_Information_Technology?f_ri=794527"},{"id":79818,"name":"Business Information technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Information_technology?f_ri=794527"},{"id":128227,"name":"Global Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Global_Marketing?f_ri=794527"},{"id":174703,"name":"Information and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_and_Technology?f_ri=794527"},{"id":177462,"name":"E-Commerce Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Commerce_Law?f_ri=794527"},{"id":219496,"name":"E-Commerce Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Commerce_Strategy?f_ri=794527"},{"id":221732,"name":"B2C E-commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/B2C_E-commerce?f_ri=794527"},{"id":244891,"name":"Security Issues","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Issues?f_ri=794527"},{"id":252238,"name":"Media Impact and Effects and Usages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Impact_and_Effects_and_Usages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":447917,"name":"Commerce and Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Commerce_and_Economics?f_ri=794527"},{"id":522782,"name":"Information Technology and System Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology_and_System_Integration?f_ri=794527"},{"id":544021,"name":"Business Administration and E-Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_Administration_and_E-Commerce?f_ri=794527"},{"id":622592,"name":"E-Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Commerce?f_ri=794527"},{"id":688513,"name":"Information Technology‎","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology_?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":982389,"name":"Electronic Commerce / Government","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronic_Commerce_Government?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1033104,"name":"Electronic Commerce and E ‐business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronic_Commerce_and_E_-business?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1191356,"name":"Internet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internet?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1226904,"name":"Computer Science and Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science_and_Engineering-1?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1235303,"name":"E Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E_Commerce-2?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1249059,"name":"Electronic Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronic_Commerce?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1386551,"name":"Advanced Information System and E-Commerce Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advanced_Information_System_and_E-Commerce_Strategy?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9613118" data-work_id="9613118" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9613118/Trends_and_Challenges_of_Electronic_Auctions_as_a_New_Business_Model">Trends and Challenges of Electronic Auctions as a New Business Model</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The virtual internet based market allowed different forms of trading. Electronic business opens up new markets and market segments. Auctions are a very reliable and competitive trading model which allows to achieve fair prices and to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9613118" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The virtual internet based market allowed <br />different forms of trading. Electronic business opens <br />up new markets and market segments. Auctions are a <br />very reliable and competitive trading model which <br />allows to achieve fair prices and to choose the optimal <br />business partners. The purpose of this model is that the <br />system can extend the duration of the auction until <br />they met various commercial applications.The basic <br />motivation for research in this paper is the increasing <br />trend of the use of electronic auctions in the process of <br />selling and buying products and services.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9613118" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a442f06d5951b8abfbe8e86fd8f3f5b5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35818588,"asset_id":9613118,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35818588/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3462364" href="https://temjournal.academia.edu/TemJournal">Tem Journal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3462364" type="text/json">{"id":3462364,"first_name":"Tem","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"temjournal","page_name":"TemJournal","display_name":"Tem Journal","profile_url":"https://temjournal.academia.edu/TemJournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3462364/1172781/10488161/s65_tem.journal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9613118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9613118"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9613118, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9613118", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9613118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9613118; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9613118"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9613118 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9613118"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9613118; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9613118]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9613118").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9613118").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9613118"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14694" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Business">E-Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14694" type="text/json">{"id":14694,"name":"E-Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Business?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51733" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market">Market</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51733" type="text/json">{"id":51733,"name":"Market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394373" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Customer">Customer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394373" type="text/json">{"id":394373,"name":"Customer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Customer?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9613118]'), work: {"id":9613118,"title":"Trends and Challenges of Electronic Auctions as a New Business Model","created_at":"2014-12-03T15:56:50.571-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9613118/Trends_and_Challenges_of_Electronic_Auctions_as_a_New_Business_Model?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_9613118","summary":"The virtual internet based market allowed\r\ndifferent forms of trading. Electronic business opens\r\nup new markets and market segments. Auctions are a\r\nvery reliable and competitive trading model which\r\nallows to achieve fair prices and to choose the optimal\r\nbusiness partners. The purpose of this model is that the\r\nsystem can extend the duration of the auction until\r\nthey met various commercial applications.The basic\r\nmotivation for research in this paper is the increasing\r\ntrend of the use of electronic auctions in the process of\r\nselling and buying products and services.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35818588,"asset_id":9613118,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3462364,"first_name":"Tem","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"temjournal","page_name":"TemJournal","display_name":"Tem Journal","profile_url":"https://temjournal.academia.edu/TemJournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3462364/1172781/10488161/s65_tem.journal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14694,"name":"E-Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Business?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":51733,"name":"Market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":394373,"name":"Customer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Customer?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34916008 coauthored" data-work_id="34916008" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34916008/Advantages_of_Using_Computer_in_Teaching_English_Pronunciation">Advantages of Using Computer in Teaching English Pronunciation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Pronunciation continues to grow in importance because of its key roles in speech recognition, speech perception, and speaker identty. Computer is being increasingly used in teaching English pronunciation to enhance its quality. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34916008" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pronunciation continues to grow in importance because of its key roles in speech recognition, speech perception, and speaker identty. Computer is being increasingly used in teaching English pronunciation to enhance its quality. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the advantages of using computer in English pronunciation instruction. Understanding the advantages of computer is an important step in the successful use of computer into English language teaching in general and pronunciation instruction in particular. Findings from empirical research, teachers' roles in using computer, and implications for language teachers and learners are also discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34916008" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ccb09253aa4ee9aec493038571b0286c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54777218,"asset_id":34916008,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54777218/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="61014171" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ijreeonlinejournal">International Journal of Research in English Education ijreeonline</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="61014171" type="text/json">{"id":61014171,"first_name":"International Journal of Research in English Education","last_name":"ijreeonline","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ijreeonlinejournal","display_name":"International Journal of Research in English Education ijreeonline","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ijreeonlinejournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61014171/15872940/18434054/s65_international_journal_of_research_in_english_education.ijreeonline.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-34916008">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-34916008"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/JayaseelaPourhossein">Jayaseela Pourhossein</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-34916008'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-34916008').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34916008 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34916008"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34916008, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34916008", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34916008 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34916008; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34916008"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34916008 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34916008"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34916008; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34916008]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34916008").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34916008").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34916008"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology">Educational Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1003" type="text/json">{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language">Teaching English as a Second Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1007" type="text/json">{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1008" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition">Second Language Acquisition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1008" type="text/json">{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1239" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology">Phonology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1239" type="text/json">{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34916008]'), work: {"id":34916008,"title":"Advantages of Using Computer in Teaching English Pronunciation","created_at":"2017-10-21T06:25:11.605-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34916008/Advantages_of_Using_Computer_in_Teaching_English_Pronunciation?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_34916008","summary":"Pronunciation continues to grow in importance because of its key roles in speech recognition, speech perception, and speaker identty. Computer is being increasingly used in teaching English pronunciation to enhance its quality. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the advantages of using computer in English pronunciation instruction. Understanding the advantages of computer is an important step in the successful use of computer into English language teaching in general and pronunciation instruction in particular. Findings from empirical research, teachers' roles in using computer, and implications for language teachers and learners are also discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54777218,"asset_id":34916008,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":61014171,"first_name":"International Journal of Research in English Education","last_name":"ijreeonline","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ijreeonlinejournal","display_name":"International Journal of Research in English Education ijreeonline","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ijreeonlinejournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/61014171/15872940/18434054/s65_international_journal_of_research_in_english_education.ijreeonline.png"},{"id":70348242,"first_name":"Jayaseela","last_name":"Pourhossein","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JayaseelaPourhossein","display_name":"Jayaseela Pourhossein","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JayaseelaPourhossein?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1008,"name":"Second Language Acquisition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Language_Acquisition?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1239,"name":"Phonology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1601,"name":"Teacher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1609,"name":"E-learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-learning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2139,"name":"Phonetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phonetics?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3392,"name":"Critical Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Pedagogy?f_ri=794527"},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=794527"},{"id":50024,"name":"Language Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_Teaching?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1191351,"name":"Pronunciation Instruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pronunciation_Instruction?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1198057,"name":"Computer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41404228" data-work_id="41404228" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41404228/The_Role_of_Information_Technology_in_Management_Accounting">The Role of Information Technology in Management Accounting</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this paper is to bring out the role of Information Technology (IT) in Management Accounting (MA) functions and to shed more light on how IT has evolved with respect to accounting operations as well as the different software... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41404228" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this paper is to bring out the role of Information Technology (IT) in Management Accounting (MA) functions and to shed more light on how IT has evolved with respect to accounting operations as well as the different software packages used in accounting by different industries.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41404228" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9f257ca43e4e0bd162e52abee4ca8946" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61591856,"asset_id":41404228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61591856/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="91928274" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ASUEESELEMValence">ASUE ESELEM Valence</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="91928274" type="text/json">{"id":91928274,"first_name":"ASUE ESELEM","last_name":"Valence","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ASUEESELEMValence","display_name":"ASUE ESELEM Valence","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ASUEESELEMValence?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/91928274/20488345/130578584/s65_asue_eselem.valence.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41404228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41404228"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41404228, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41404228", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41404228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41404228; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41404228"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41404228 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41404228"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41404228; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41404228]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41404228").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41404228").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41404228"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="491" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology">Information Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="491" type="text/json">{"id":491,"name":"Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3490" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting">Accounting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3490" type="text/json">{"id":3490,"name":"Accounting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3493" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management_Accounting">Management Accounting</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3493" type="text/json">{"id":3493,"name":"Management Accounting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management_Accounting?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41404228]'), work: {"id":41404228,"title":"The Role of Information Technology in Management Accounting","created_at":"2019-12-23T10:45:28.411-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41404228/The_Role_of_Information_Technology_in_Management_Accounting?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_41404228","summary":"The purpose of this paper is to bring out the role of Information Technology (IT) in Management Accounting (MA) functions and to shed more light on how IT has evolved with respect to accounting operations as well as the different software packages used in accounting by different industries.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61591856,"asset_id":41404228,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":91928274,"first_name":"ASUE ESELEM","last_name":"Valence","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ASUEESELEMValence","display_name":"ASUE ESELEM Valence","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ASUEESELEMValence?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/91928274/20488345/130578584/s65_asue_eselem.valence.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":491,"name":"Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3490,"name":"Accounting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3493,"name":"Management Accounting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management_Accounting?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":4527,"name":"Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Africa?f_ri=794527"},{"id":11421,"name":"Cameroon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cameroon?f_ri=794527"},{"id":22603,"name":"IT and Innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IT_and_Innovation?f_ri=794527"},{"id":53293,"name":"Software","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33150509" data-work_id="33150509" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33150509/ADVANTAGES_AND_DISADVANTAGES_OF_AUTOMATED_ELECTION_SYSTEM_AN_OPINION_SURVEY_AMONG_MINDANAO_STATE_UNIVERSITY_SELECTED_FACULTY_MEMBERS">ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATED ELECTION SYSTEM: AN OPINION SURVEY AMONG MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY SELECTED FACULTY MEMBERS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">MOHAMMAD MOJIB D.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33150509" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5a44a4c5b3a9b48b996cb648406d2d09" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53239443,"asset_id":33150509,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53239443/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10023361" href="https://msumain.academia.edu/MohammadMojibMarangit">Mohammad Mojib D Marangit</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10023361" type="text/json">{"id":10023361,"first_name":"Mohammad Mojib","last_name":"Marangit","domain_name":"msumain","page_name":"MohammadMojibMarangit","display_name":"Mohammad Mojib D Marangit","profile_url":"https://msumain.academia.edu/MohammadMojibMarangit?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10023361/4605029/9905852/s65_mohammad_mojib.marangit.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33150509 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33150509"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33150509, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33150509", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33150509 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33150509; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33150509"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33150509 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33150509"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33150509; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33150509]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33150509").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33150509").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33150509"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11150" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies">Islamic Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11150" type="text/json">{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20366" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elections">Elections</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20366" type="text/json">{"id":20366,"name":"Elections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elections?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1180002" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages">Disadvantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1180002" type="text/json">{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33150509]'), work: {"id":33150509,"title":"ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATED ELECTION SYSTEM: AN OPINION SURVEY AMONG MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY SELECTED FACULTY MEMBERS","created_at":"2017-05-22T19:12:50.344-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33150509/ADVANTAGES_AND_DISADVANTAGES_OF_AUTOMATED_ELECTION_SYSTEM_AN_OPINION_SURVEY_AMONG_MINDANAO_STATE_UNIVERSITY_SELECTED_FACULTY_MEMBERS?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_33150509","summary":"MOHAMMAD MOJIB D.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53239443,"asset_id":33150509,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10023361,"first_name":"Mohammad Mojib","last_name":"Marangit","domain_name":"msumain","page_name":"MohammadMojibMarangit","display_name":"Mohammad Mojib D Marangit","profile_url":"https://msumain.academia.edu/MohammadMojibMarangit?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10023361/4605029/9905852/s65_mohammad_mojib.marangit.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11150,"name":"Islamic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Islamic_Studies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":20366,"name":"Elections","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elections?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1408927,"name":"Automated Election System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automated_Election_System?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_62134305" data-work_id="62134305" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/62134305/Social_Media_Marketing_SOCIAL_MEDIA_MARKETING_ADVANTAGES_AND_DISADVANTAGES">Social Media Marketing SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/62134305" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="736ef5d02e47b7c23d396fefd8ed5e1d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74977066,"asset_id":62134305,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74977066/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="152437940" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SiscaSisca33">Sisca Sisca</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="152437940" type="text/json">{"id":152437940,"first_name":"Sisca","last_name":"Sisca","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SiscaSisca33","display_name":"Sisca Sisca","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SiscaSisca33?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/152437940/42361799/34198303/s65_sisca.sisca.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_62134305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="62134305"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 62134305, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_62134305", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_62134305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62134305; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_62134305"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_62134305 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="62134305"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 62134305; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=62134305]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_62134305").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_62134305").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="62134305"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9246" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media">Social Media</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9246" type="text/json">{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36846" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing">Social Media Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="36846" type="text/json">{"id":36846,"name":"Social Media Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=62134305]'), work: {"id":62134305,"title":"Social Media Marketing SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES","created_at":"2021-11-21T13:31:03.850-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/62134305/Social_Media_Marketing_SOCIAL_MEDIA_MARKETING_ADVANTAGES_AND_DISADVANTAGES?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_62134305","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74977066,"asset_id":62134305,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":152437940,"first_name":"Sisca","last_name":"Sisca","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SiscaSisca33","display_name":"Sisca Sisca","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SiscaSisca33?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/152437940/42361799/34198303/s65_sisca.sisca.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":36846,"name":"Social Media Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9537791" data-work_id="9537791" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9537791/COMMUNICATION_MEANING">COMMUNICATION MEANING</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nurse Managers are required to be aware of the techniques that can help them ensure effective management of educational/service unit. Communication is one of the most important activities in the nursing management. It is the foundation... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9537791" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nurse Managers are required to be aware of the techniques that can help them ensure effective management of educational/service unit. Communication is one of the most important activities in the nursing management. It is the foundation upon which the manager achieves organizational objectives.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9537791" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="85173a44b800ea35867e821acb1093cc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35759436,"asset_id":9537791,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35759436/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="22415918" href="https://independent.academia.edu/manjuk6">manju k</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="22415918" type="text/json">{"id":22415918,"first_name":"manju","last_name":"k","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"manjuk6","display_name":"manju k","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/manjuk6?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22415918/20959652/20470063/s65_manju.k.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9537791 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9537791"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9537791, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9537791", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9537791 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9537791; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9537791"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9537791 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9537791"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9537791; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9537791]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9537791").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9537791").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9537791"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="59407" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process">Process</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="59407" type="text/json">{"id":59407,"name":"Process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="223723" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduction">Introduction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="223723" type="text/json">{"id":223723,"name":"Introduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduction?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="908897" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Types">Types</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="908897" type="text/json">{"id":908897,"name":"Types","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Types?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9537791]'), work: {"id":9537791,"title":"COMMUNICATION MEANING","created_at":"2014-11-28T00:13:10.381-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9537791/COMMUNICATION_MEANING?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_9537791","summary":"Nurse Managers are required to be aware of the techniques that can help them ensure effective management of educational/service unit. Communication is one of the most important activities in the nursing management. It is the foundation upon which the manager achieves organizational objectives.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35759436,"asset_id":9537791,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":22415918,"first_name":"manju","last_name":"k","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"manjuk6","display_name":"manju k","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/manjuk6?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/22415918/20959652/20470063/s65_manju.k.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":59407,"name":"Process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":223723,"name":"Introduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Introduction?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":908897,"name":"Types","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Types?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20202190" data-work_id="20202190" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20202190/ANALISIS_KESUBURAN_TANAH_AKIBAT_ABU_VULKANIK_WILAYAH_GUNUNG_KELUD_JAWA_TIMUR">ANALISIS KESUBURAN TANAH AKIBAT ABU VULKANIK WILAYAH GUNUNG KELUD, JAWA TIMUR</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abu vulkanik, sering disebut juga pasir vulkanik atau jatuhan piroklastik adalah bahan material vulkanik jatuhan yang disemburkan ke udara saat terjadi suatu letusan, terdiri dari batuan berukuran besar sampai berukuran halus. Batuan yang... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20202190" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abu vulkanik, sering disebut juga pasir vulkanik atau jatuhan piroklastik adalah bahan material vulkanik jatuhan yang disemburkan ke udara saat terjadi suatu letusan, terdiri dari batuan berukuran besar sampai berukuran halus. Batuan yang berukuran besar (bongkah - kerikil) biasanya jatuh disekitar kawah sampai radius 5 – 7 km dari kawah, dan yang berukuran halus dapat jatuh pada jarak mencapai ratusan km bahkan ribuan km dari kawah karena dapat terpengaruh oleh adanya hembusan angin. Abu yang halus dapat menyababkan radang paru-paru jika terhirup. Namun, berkah tersendiri, abu vulkanik dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pozolan karena mengandung unsur silika dan alumunia sehingga dapat mengurangi penggunaan semen sebagai bahan bangunan. Selain itu, abu vulkanik juga dapat menyuburkan tanah di sekitar gunung. Sebagai contoh erupsi Gunung Kelud di Jawa Timur pada hari Kamis 13 Februari 2014 pukul 22.50 WIB berimbas ke sebagian besar kawasan di Jawa Timur, Yogyakara, dan Jawa Tengah yang letaknya ratusan kilometer dari pusat erupsi. Bahkan Abu vulkanik erupsi Gunung Kelud telah sampai ke Kota Bandung yang berjarak lebih dari 500 km dari gunung tersebut. <br />BMKG menganalisis, erupsi Gunung Kelud telah melontarkan jutaan meter kubik abu vulkanik dan pasir dari dalam perut bumi. Abu dan pasir pada lapisan 1.500 meter terbawa ke arah timur laut pada lapisan 5.000 meter ke arah barat laut dan pada 9.000 meter ke arah barat. Material abu dan pasir tersebut melayang-layang di atmosfer dan menyebar di daerah yang jauh dari Gunung Kelud. Dalam jangka panjang, abu vulkanik akan memberikan dampak yang sangat positif bagi peningkatan produktivitas tanah. Saat kadar keasaman dari abu vulkanik telah dapat dinormalisasi melalui proses alamiah ataupun dengan bantuan manusia menggunakan dolomit atau pengapuran (CaCO3) sebagai penetral, maka kandungan mineral yang tersimpan dalam abu vulkanik akan menjadi pupuk alamiah yang sangat baik untuk perkembangan tanaman pertanian. Terdapat empat buah mineral utama yang terkandung di dalam abu vulkanik yaitu Besi (Fe), Aluminium (Al), Magnesium (Mg), dan Silika (Si). Keempat mineral tersebut adalah zat hara penting yang dapat membantu menyuburkan tanah.<br />Kata Kunci : tanah, vulkanik, kesuburan, pertanian</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20202190" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="89b91a3c206a392d1221c415fecbabb8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41064838,"asset_id":20202190,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41064838/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6162038" href="https://uniat.academia.edu/ayujusticeaadi">Ayu Adi Justicea</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6162038" type="text/json">{"id":6162038,"first_name":"Ayu Adi","last_name":"Justicea","domain_name":"uniat","page_name":"ayujusticeaadi","display_name":"Ayu Adi Justicea","profile_url":"https://uniat.academia.edu/ayujusticeaadi?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6162038/2665158/19164154/s65_ayu_adi.justicea.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20202190 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20202190"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20202190, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20202190", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20202190 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20202190; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20202190"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20202190 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20202190"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20202190; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20202190]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20202190").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20202190").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20202190"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22831" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape">Landscape</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22831" type="text/json">{"id":22831,"name":"Landscape","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="199072" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vulcanology">Vulcanology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="199072" type="text/json">{"id":199072,"name":"Vulcanology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vulcanology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="258428" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultue">Agricultue</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="258428" type="text/json">{"id":258428,"name":"Agricultue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultue?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20202190]'), work: {"id":20202190,"title":"ANALISIS KESUBURAN TANAH AKIBAT ABU VULKANIK WILAYAH GUNUNG KELUD, JAWA TIMUR","created_at":"2016-01-12T14:35:41.678-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20202190/ANALISIS_KESUBURAN_TANAH_AKIBAT_ABU_VULKANIK_WILAYAH_GUNUNG_KELUD_JAWA_TIMUR?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_20202190","summary":"Abu vulkanik, sering disebut juga pasir vulkanik atau jatuhan piroklastik adalah bahan material vulkanik jatuhan yang disemburkan ke udara saat terjadi suatu letusan, terdiri dari batuan berukuran besar sampai berukuran halus. Batuan yang berukuran besar (bongkah - kerikil) biasanya jatuh disekitar kawah sampai radius 5 – 7 km dari kawah, dan yang berukuran halus dapat jatuh pada jarak mencapai ratusan km bahkan ribuan km dari kawah karena dapat terpengaruh oleh adanya hembusan angin. Abu yang halus dapat menyababkan radang paru-paru jika terhirup. Namun, berkah tersendiri, abu vulkanik dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pozolan karena mengandung unsur silika dan alumunia sehingga dapat mengurangi penggunaan semen sebagai bahan bangunan. Selain itu, abu vulkanik juga dapat menyuburkan tanah di sekitar gunung. Sebagai contoh erupsi Gunung Kelud di Jawa Timur pada hari Kamis 13 Februari 2014 pukul 22.50 WIB berimbas ke sebagian besar kawasan di Jawa Timur, Yogyakara, dan Jawa Tengah yang letaknya ratusan kilometer dari pusat erupsi. Bahkan Abu vulkanik erupsi Gunung Kelud telah sampai ke Kota Bandung yang berjarak lebih dari 500 km dari gunung tersebut. \nBMKG menganalisis, erupsi Gunung Kelud telah melontarkan jutaan meter kubik abu vulkanik dan pasir dari dalam perut bumi. Abu dan pasir pada lapisan 1.500 meter terbawa ke arah timur laut pada lapisan 5.000 meter ke arah barat laut dan pada 9.000 meter ke arah barat. Material abu dan pasir tersebut melayang-layang di atmosfer dan menyebar di daerah yang jauh dari Gunung Kelud. Dalam jangka panjang, abu vulkanik akan memberikan dampak yang sangat positif bagi peningkatan produktivitas tanah. Saat kadar keasaman dari abu vulkanik telah dapat dinormalisasi melalui proses alamiah ataupun dengan bantuan manusia menggunakan dolomit atau pengapuran (CaCO3) sebagai penetral, maka kandungan mineral yang tersimpan dalam abu vulkanik akan menjadi pupuk alamiah yang sangat baik untuk perkembangan tanaman pertanian. Terdapat empat buah mineral utama yang terkandung di dalam abu vulkanik yaitu Besi (Fe), Aluminium (Al), Magnesium (Mg), dan Silika (Si). Keempat mineral tersebut adalah zat hara penting yang dapat membantu menyuburkan tanah.\nKata Kunci : tanah, vulkanik, kesuburan, pertanian\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41064838,"asset_id":20202190,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6162038,"first_name":"Ayu Adi","last_name":"Justicea","domain_name":"uniat","page_name":"ayujusticeaadi","display_name":"Ayu Adi Justicea","profile_url":"https://uniat.academia.edu/ayujusticeaadi?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6162038/2665158/19164154/s65_ayu_adi.justicea.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":22831,"name":"Landscape","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":199072,"name":"Vulcanology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vulcanology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":258428,"name":"Agricultue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agricultue?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29986853" data-work_id="29986853" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29986853/%D9%87%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AD_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9_">هل المقاصد هي الترجيح بالمصلحة ؟</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29986853" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6a94b2677bb643b0dfee7845fda5b852" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50447413,"asset_id":29986853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50447413/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5588187" href="https://kau.academia.edu/AbderrazakBelabes">Prof Dr Abderrazak Said Belabes</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5588187" type="text/json">{"id":5588187,"first_name":"Prof Dr Abderrazak Said","last_name":"Belabes","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"AbderrazakBelabes","display_name":"Prof Dr Abderrazak Said Belabes","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/AbderrazakBelabes?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5588187/13379496/121349195/s65_prof_dr_abderrazak.belabes.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29986853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29986853"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29986853, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29986853", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29986853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29986853; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29986853"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29986853 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29986853"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29986853; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29986853]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29986853").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29986853").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29986853"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2065" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology">Research Methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2065" type="text/json">{"id":2065,"name":"Research Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24381" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teleology">Teleology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24381" type="text/json">{"id":24381,"name":"Teleology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teleology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51278" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maqasid_al-Sharia_Purposes_of_Islamic_Law_">Maqasid al-Sharia (Purposes of Islamic Law)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51278" type="text/json">{"id":51278,"name":"Maqasid al-Sharia (Purposes of Islamic Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maqasid_al-Sharia_Purposes_of_Islamic_Law_?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29986853]'), work: {"id":29986853,"title":"هل المقاصد هي الترجيح بالمصلحة ؟","created_at":"2016-11-20T19:02:58.152-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29986853/%D9%87%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D9%87%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AD_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A9_?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_29986853","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50447413,"asset_id":29986853,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5588187,"first_name":"Prof Dr Abderrazak Said","last_name":"Belabes","domain_name":"kau","page_name":"AbderrazakBelabes","display_name":"Prof Dr Abderrazak Said Belabes","profile_url":"https://kau.academia.edu/AbderrazakBelabes?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5588187/13379496/121349195/s65_prof_dr_abderrazak.belabes.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2065,"name":"Research Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Methodology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":24381,"name":"Teleology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teleology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":51278,"name":"Maqasid al-Sharia (Purposes of Islamic Law)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maqasid_al-Sharia_Purposes_of_Islamic_Law_?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71914762" data-work_id="71914762" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71914762/Cloud_Computing_A_Survey_on_Cloud_Computing">Cloud Computing: A Survey on Cloud Computing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The internet is marvelous technology of the computing world. The most exhaustive technology that internet dispense, is the Cloud Computing. It provides instrumental values to the customers and cloud service providers. With the advent of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71914762" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The internet is marvelous technology of the computing world. The most exhaustive technology that internet dispense, is the Cloud Computing. It provides instrumental values to the customers and cloud service providers. With the advent of cloud computing the client uses the resources like hardware, software or storage, that are offered by other organization, instead of buying their own resources. However, these cloud services are provided by the cloud service providers by means of virtual machines. This study proposed the various aspects related to cloud computing technology. This paper includes the service model that reveals the various cloud services provides to different types of clients according to their requirements. This study provides the details of the layers in the architecture of cloud computing. Moreover, this study also includes the information about the various types of clouds.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71914762" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a7fecd21c4d7a7970388bd8baa855c66" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81064078,"asset_id":71914762,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81064078/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41341372" href="https://independent.academia.edu/rydhmberi">rydhm beri</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41341372" type="text/json">{"id":41341372,"first_name":"rydhm","last_name":"beri","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"rydhmberi","display_name":"rydhm beri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/rydhmberi?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41341372/23151254/22257283/s65_rydhm.beri.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71914762 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71914762"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71914762, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71914762", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71914762 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71914762; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71914762"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71914762 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71914762"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71914762; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71914762]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71914762").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71914762").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71914762"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1372" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture">Architecture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1372" type="text/json">{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="308710" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Applications">Computer Applications</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="308710" type="text/json">{"id":308710,"name":"Computer Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Applications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="971632" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Service_Models">Service Models</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="971632" type="text/json">{"id":971632,"name":"Service Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Service_Models?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71914762]'), work: {"id":71914762,"title":"Cloud Computing: A Survey on Cloud Computing","created_at":"2022-02-19T23:38:24.070-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71914762/Cloud_Computing_A_Survey_on_Cloud_Computing?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_71914762","summary":"The internet is marvelous technology of the computing world. The most exhaustive technology that internet dispense, is the Cloud Computing. It provides instrumental values to the customers and cloud service providers. With the advent of cloud computing the client uses the resources like hardware, software or storage, that are offered by other organization, instead of buying their own resources. However, these cloud services are provided by the cloud service providers by means of virtual machines. This study proposed the various aspects related to cloud computing technology. This paper includes the service model that reveals the various cloud services provides to different types of clients according to their requirements. This study provides the details of the layers in the architecture of cloud computing. Moreover, this study also includes the information about the various types of clouds.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81064078,"asset_id":71914762,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41341372,"first_name":"rydhm","last_name":"beri","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"rydhmberi","display_name":"rydhm beri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/rydhmberi?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41341372/23151254/22257283/s65_rydhm.beri.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":308710,"name":"Computer Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Applications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":971632,"name":"Service Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Service_Models?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1233137,"name":"Types of Clouds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Types_of_Clouds?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70062014" data-work_id="70062014" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70062014/Study_on_Laser_Communication_Features_Application_Advantages">Study on Laser Communication: Features, Application, Advantages</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Laser communications offer a viable alternative to RF communications for intersatellite links and other applications where high-performance links are necessary. High data rate, small antenna size, narrow beam divergence, and a narrow... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70062014" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Laser communications offer a viable alternative to RF communications for intersatellite links and other applications where high-performance links are necessary. High data rate, small antenna size, narrow beam divergence, and a narrow field of view are characteristics of laser communication that offer a number of potential advantages for system design. The high data rate and large information throughput available with laser communications are many times greater than in radio frequency (RF) systems. The small antenna size requires only a small increase in the weight and volume of host vehicle. In addition, this feature substantially reduces blockage of fields of view of the most desirable areas on satellites. The smaller antennas, with diameters typically less than 30cm, create less momentum disturbance to any sensitive satellite sensors. The narrow beam divergence of affords interference-free and secure operation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70062014" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e4d1699c70779968a0564e3119cb6005" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":79935929,"asset_id":70062014,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/79935929/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5325730" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnkitJaiswal1">Ankit Jaiswal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5325730" type="text/json">{"id":5325730,"first_name":"Ankit","last_name":"Jaiswal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnkitJaiswal1","display_name":"Ankit Jaiswal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnkitJaiswal1?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5325730/2339730/2728234/s65_ankit.jaiswal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70062014 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70062014"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70062014, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70062014", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70062014 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70062014; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70062014"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70062014 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70062014"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70062014; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70062014]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70062014").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70062014").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70062014"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems_Engineering">Control Systems Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="78" type="text/json">{"id":78,"name":"Control Systems Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="516" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics">Optics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="516" type="text/json">{"id":516,"name":"Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2345" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications">Wireless Communications</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2345" type="text/json">{"id":2345,"name":"Wireless Communications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70062014]'), work: {"id":70062014,"title":"Study on Laser Communication: Features, Application, Advantages","created_at":"2022-01-30T10:53:30.098-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70062014/Study_on_Laser_Communication_Features_Application_Advantages?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_70062014","summary":"Laser communications offer a viable alternative to RF communications for intersatellite links and other applications where high-performance links are necessary. High data rate, small antenna size, narrow beam divergence, and a narrow field of view are characteristics of laser communication that offer a number of potential advantages for system design. The high data rate and large information throughput available with laser communications are many times greater than in radio frequency (RF) systems. The small antenna size requires only a small increase in the weight and volume of host vehicle. In addition, this feature substantially reduces blockage of fields of view of the most desirable areas on satellites. The smaller antennas, with diameters typically less than 30cm, create less momentum disturbance to any sensitive satellite sensors. The narrow beam divergence of affords interference-free and secure operation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":79935929,"asset_id":70062014,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5325730,"first_name":"Ankit","last_name":"Jaiswal","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnkitJaiswal1","display_name":"Ankit Jaiswal","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnkitJaiswal1?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5325730/2339730/2728234/s65_ankit.jaiswal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":78,"name":"Control Systems Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":516,"name":"Optics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optics?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":2345,"name":"Wireless Communications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":6203,"name":"Electronics \u0026 Telecommunication Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_Telecommunication_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":30596,"name":"Control Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Control_Systems?f_ri=794527"},{"id":34735,"name":"Features","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Features?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":922055,"name":"Electronics and Communications Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_Communications_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1242162,"name":"Final Year Projects for Electronics and Communication Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Final_Year_Projects_for_Electronics_and_Communication_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1573999,"name":"Electronics and communication Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_communication_Engineering-1?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33860355" data-work_id="33860355" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33860355/Factors_Influencing_Continuous_Intention_to_Use_of_Event_Management_Electronic_Portals_in_4_and_5_Star_Hotels">Factors Influencing Continuous Intention to Use of Event Management Electronic Portals in 4 and 5 Star Hotels</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this study is to examine the associations among perceived relative advantages, compatibility, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and continuous intention to use event management electronic... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33860355" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this study is to examine the associations among perceived relative advantages, compatibility, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and continuous intention to use event management electronic portals in Aqaba 4 and 5 Star hotels. A survey instrument was used to examine the relationships in the proposed model. The collected primary data (n=200) from employees who are familiar with hotels " event management electronic portals located in Aqaba city is conducted to test the relationship between exogenous and endogenous construct expressed in the proposed structural model. By employing SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis, the findings revealed that while both variables perceived relative advantages and compatibility directly, positively, and significantly impacted perceived usefulness; both variables did not impact perceived enjoyment. Also, perceived ease of use has significant impacts on perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment. In addition, both of perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment found to impact continuous intention to use.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33860355" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d1dabb6adaf4a6bb8ece1853c713abea" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53839650,"asset_id":33860355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53839650/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21224320" href="https://ju-jo.academia.edu/RaedMasadeh">Ra'ed Masa'deh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21224320" type="text/json">{"id":21224320,"first_name":"Ra'ed","last_name":"Masa'deh","domain_name":"ju-jo","page_name":"RaedMasadeh","display_name":"Ra'ed Masa'deh","profile_url":"https://ju-jo.academia.edu/RaedMasadeh?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21224320/5866480/89106739/s65_ra_ed.masa_deh.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33860355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33860355"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33860355, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33860355", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33860355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33860355; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33860355"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33860355 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33860355"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33860355; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33860355]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33860355").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33860355").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33860355"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13602" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Continuous_Improvement">Continuous Improvement</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13602" type="text/json">{"id":13602,"name":"Continuous Improvement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Continuous_Improvement?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jordan">Jordan</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15392" type="text/json">{"id":15392,"name":"Jordan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jordan?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33860355]'), work: {"id":33860355,"title":"Factors Influencing Continuous Intention to Use of Event Management Electronic Portals in 4 and 5 Star Hotels","created_at":"2017-07-12T10:45:22.101-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33860355/Factors_Influencing_Continuous_Intention_to_Use_of_Event_Management_Electronic_Portals_in_4_and_5_Star_Hotels?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_33860355","summary":"The purpose of this study is to examine the associations among perceived relative advantages, compatibility, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and continuous intention to use event management electronic portals in Aqaba 4 and 5 Star hotels. A survey instrument was used to examine the relationships in the proposed model. The collected primary data (n=200) from employees who are familiar with hotels \" event management electronic portals located in Aqaba city is conducted to test the relationship between exogenous and endogenous construct expressed in the proposed structural model. By employing SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis, the findings revealed that while both variables perceived relative advantages and compatibility directly, positively, and significantly impacted perceived usefulness; both variables did not impact perceived enjoyment. Also, perceived ease of use has significant impacts on perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment. In addition, both of perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment found to impact continuous intention to use.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53839650,"asset_id":33860355,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21224320,"first_name":"Ra'ed","last_name":"Masa'deh","domain_name":"ju-jo","page_name":"RaedMasadeh","display_name":"Ra'ed Masa'deh","profile_url":"https://ju-jo.academia.edu/RaedMasadeh?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21224320/5866480/89106739/s65_ra_ed.masa_deh.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13602,"name":"Continuous Improvement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Continuous_Improvement?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":15392,"name":"Jordan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jordan?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2166207" data-work_id="2166207" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2166207/LAS_TECNOLOG%C3%8DAS_DE_INFORMACI%C3%93N_Y_DE_COMUNICACI%C3%93N_TIC_UN_COMPONENTE_ESENCIAL_DE_LA_INVESTIGACI%C3%93N_EN_CIENCIAS_HUMANAS">LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE INFORMACIÓN Y DE COMUNICACIÓN (TIC): UN COMPONENTE ESENCIAL DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN CIENCIAS HUMANAS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2166207" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c4b41ebecb38df944152e5f5032dd1e1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30220911,"asset_id":2166207,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30220911/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2257092" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MariaLourdesLiraGonzales">Maria-Lourdes Lira Gonzales</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2257092" type="text/json">{"id":2257092,"first_name":"Maria-Lourdes","last_name":"Lira Gonzales","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MariaLourdesLiraGonzales","display_name":"Maria-Lourdes Lira Gonzales","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MariaLourdesLiraGonzales?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2257092/912543/5410787/s65_maria-lourdes.lira_gonzales.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2166207 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2166207"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2166207, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2166207", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2166207 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2166207; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2166207"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2166207 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2166207"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2166207; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2166207]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2166207").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2166207").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2166207"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="89502" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_and_Communication_Technologies">Information and Communication Technologies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="89502" type="text/json">{"id":89502,"name":"Information and Communication Technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_and_Communication_Technologies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="124749" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tecnologias_de_la_Informacion_y_Comunicacion">Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="124749" type="text/json">{"id":124749,"name":"Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tecnologias_de_la_Informacion_y_Comunicacion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="375837" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Redalyc">Redalyc</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="375837" type="text/json">{"id":375837,"name":"Redalyc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Redalyc?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="580888" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PREAL">PREAL</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="580888" type="text/json">{"id":580888,"name":"PREAL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PREAL?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2166207]'), work: {"id":2166207,"title":"LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE INFORMACIÓN Y DE COMUNICACIÓN (TIC): UN COMPONENTE ESENCIAL DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN CIENCIAS HUMANAS","created_at":"2012-11-20T02:24:52.597-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2166207/LAS_TECNOLOG%C3%8DAS_DE_INFORMACI%C3%93N_Y_DE_COMUNICACI%C3%93N_TIC_UN_COMPONENTE_ESENCIAL_DE_LA_INVESTIGACI%C3%93N_EN_CIENCIAS_HUMANAS?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_2166207","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30220911,"asset_id":2166207,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2257092,"first_name":"Maria-Lourdes","last_name":"Lira Gonzales","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MariaLourdesLiraGonzales","display_name":"Maria-Lourdes Lira Gonzales","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MariaLourdesLiraGonzales?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2257092/912543/5410787/s65_maria-lourdes.lira_gonzales.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":89502,"name":"Information and Communication Technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_and_Communication_Technologies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":124749,"name":"Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tecnologias_de_la_Informacion_y_Comunicacion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":375837,"name":"Redalyc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Redalyc?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":580888,"name":"PREAL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PREAL?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":665171,"name":"Dialnet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialnet?f_ri=794527"},{"id":773729,"name":"Clase","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clase?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":851522,"name":"Ventajas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventajas?f_ri=794527"},{"id":868994,"name":"OEI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/OEI?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1025207,"name":"DOAJ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DOAJ?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35670135" data-work_id="35670135" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35670135/M_Beumer_Recensie_Piet_Emmer_Het_zwart_wit_denken_voorbij_Een_bijdrage_aan_de_discussie_over_kolonialisme_slavernij_en_migratie_Nieuw_Amsterdam_2017_in_Kleio_Historia_nr_7_2018_">M. Beumer (Recensie) Piet Emmer, Het zwart-wit denken voorbij. Een bijdrage aan de discussie over kolonialisme, slavernij en migratie (Nieuw Amsterdam 2017) in: Kleio-Historia, nr. 7. (2018)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Recensie Piet Emmer, Het zwart-wit denken voorbij. Een bijdrage aan de discussie over kolonialisme, slavernij en migratie (Nieuw Amsterdam 2017). ISBN 9789046822685, 158 pp. €16,99. Mark Beumer</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35670135" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5e606520c52c75a76fda99bc0d102737" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55544283,"asset_id":35670135,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55544283/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="481038" href="https://cuni.academia.edu/MarkBeumer">Mark Beumer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="481038" type="text/json">{"id":481038,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Beumer","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MarkBeumer","display_name":"Mark Beumer","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MarkBeumer?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/481038/162494/120914779/s65_mark.beumer.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35670135 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35670135"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35670135, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35670135", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35670135 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35670135; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35670135"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35670135 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35670135"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35670135; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35670135]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35670135").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35670135").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35670135"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">30</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3524" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography">Historiography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3524" type="text/json">{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4474" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Thinking">Critical Thinking</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4474" type="text/json">{"id":4474,"name":"Critical Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Thinking?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4850" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration">Migration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4850" type="text/json">{"id":4850,"name":"Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35670135]'), work: {"id":35670135,"title":"M. Beumer (Recensie) Piet Emmer, Het zwart-wit denken voorbij. Een bijdrage aan de discussie over kolonialisme, slavernij en migratie (Nieuw Amsterdam 2017) in: Kleio-Historia, nr. 7. (2018)","created_at":"2018-01-15T02:57:17.347-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35670135/M_Beumer_Recensie_Piet_Emmer_Het_zwart_wit_denken_voorbij_Een_bijdrage_aan_de_discussie_over_kolonialisme_slavernij_en_migratie_Nieuw_Amsterdam_2017_in_Kleio_Historia_nr_7_2018_?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_35670135","summary":"Recensie Piet Emmer, Het zwart-wit denken voorbij. Een bijdrage aan de discussie over kolonialisme, slavernij en migratie (Nieuw Amsterdam 2017). ISBN 9789046822685, 158 pp. €16,99. Mark Beumer","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55544283,"asset_id":35670135,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":481038,"first_name":"Mark","last_name":"Beumer","domain_name":"cuni","page_name":"MarkBeumer","display_name":"Mark Beumer","profile_url":"https://cuni.academia.edu/MarkBeumer?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/481038/162494/120914779/s65_mark.beumer.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":4474,"name":"Critical Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Thinking?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":4850,"name":"Migration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":5432,"name":"Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavery?f_ri=794527"},{"id":6283,"name":"History of Slavery","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Slavery?f_ri=794527"},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=794527"},{"id":8612,"name":"Argumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Argumentation?f_ri=794527"},{"id":14730,"name":"Migration Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Studies?f_ri=794527"},{"id":15692,"name":"History Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_Education?f_ri=794527"},{"id":23036,"name":"Argumentation Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Argumentation_Theory?f_ri=794527"},{"id":28299,"name":"Argumentation Theory and Critical Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Argumentation_Theory_and_Critical_Thinking?f_ri=794527"},{"id":40017,"name":"Historical Thinking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Thinking?f_ri=794527"},{"id":55427,"name":"Social Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Structure?f_ri=794527"},{"id":64055,"name":"Water Supply","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Supply?f_ri=794527"},{"id":75046,"name":"Historical Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Research?f_ri=794527"},{"id":446761,"name":"Mark Beumer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mark_Beumer?f_ri=794527"},{"id":507124,"name":"Geschiedenis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geschiedenis?f_ri=794527"},{"id":592627,"name":"Historiografie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiografie?f_ri=794527"},{"id":659465,"name":"Colonialisme and Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialisme_and_Imperialism?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1076874,"name":"Geschiedenisonderwijs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geschiedenisonderwijs?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1192448,"name":"Leopold Von Ranke","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leopold_Von_Ranke?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1265599,"name":"Migratie","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migratie?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1382752,"name":"Kolonialisme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kolonialisme?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1392654,"name":"Gloria Wekker","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gloria_Wekker?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2001575,"name":"Kleio-Historia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kleio-Historia?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2123399,"name":"Slavernij","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slavernij?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2615089,"name":"Time frames","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_frames?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2868212,"name":"Nieuw Amsterdam","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nieuw_Amsterdam?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75003703" data-work_id="75003703" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75003703/Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_Using_MATLAB_ode45_for_Solving_Differential_Equations_in_Engineering_Applications">Advantages and Disadvantages of Using MATLAB/ode45 for Solving Differential Equations in Engineering Applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present paper demonstrates the route used for solving differential equations for the engineering applications at UAEU. Usually students at the Engineering Requirements Unit (ERU) stage of the Faculty of Engineering at the UAEU must... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75003703" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present paper demonstrates the route used for solving differential equations for the engineering applications at UAEU. Usually students at the Engineering Requirements Unit (ERU) stage of the Faculty of Engineering at the UAEU must enroll in a course of Differential Equations and Engineering Applications (MATH 2210) as a prerequisite for the subsequent stages of their study. Mainly, one of the objectives of this course is that the students practice MATLAB software package during the course. The aim of using this software is to solve differential equations individually and as a system of equation in parallel with analytical mathematics trends. In general, mathematical models of the engineering systems like mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical and civil are modeled and solve to predict the behavior of the system under different conditions. The paper presents the technique which is used to solve DE using MATLAB. The main code that utilized and presented is MATLAB/ode45 to enable the students solving initial value DE and experience the response of the engineering systems for different applied conditions. Moreover, both advantages and disadvantages are presented especially the student mostly face in solving system of DE using ode45 code</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75003703" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e6aff4569454e88b9b31314f5f888ae" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82949082,"asset_id":75003703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82949082/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="186367264" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WaleedAhmed313">Waleed Ahmed</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="186367264" type="text/json">{"id":186367264,"first_name":"Waleed","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WaleedAhmed313","display_name":"Waleed Ahmed","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WaleedAhmed313?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75003703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75003703"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75003703, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75003703", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75003703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75003703; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75003703"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75003703 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75003703"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75003703; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75003703]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75003703").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75003703").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75003703"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25395" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matlab">Matlab</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25395" type="text/json">{"id":25395,"name":"Matlab","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matlab?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70443" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/De">De</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="70443" type="text/json">{"id":70443,"name":"De","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/De?f_ri=794527","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="410984" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ode">Ode</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="410984" type="text/json">{"id":410984,"name":"Ode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ode?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75003703]'), work: {"id":75003703,"title":"Advantages and Disadvantages of Using MATLAB/ode45 for Solving Differential Equations in Engineering Applications","created_at":"2022-03-30T13:03:42.097-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75003703/Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_Using_MATLAB_ode45_for_Solving_Differential_Equations_in_Engineering_Applications?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_75003703","summary":"The present paper demonstrates the route used for solving differential equations for the engineering applications at UAEU. Usually students at the Engineering Requirements Unit (ERU) stage of the Faculty of Engineering at the UAEU must enroll in a course of Differential Equations and Engineering Applications (MATH 2210) as a prerequisite for the subsequent stages of their study. Mainly, one of the objectives of this course is that the students practice MATLAB software package during the course. The aim of using this software is to solve differential equations individually and as a system of equation in parallel with analytical mathematics trends. In general, mathematical models of the engineering systems like mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical and civil are modeled and solve to predict the behavior of the system under different conditions. The paper presents the technique which is used to solve DE using MATLAB. The main code that utilized and presented is MATLAB/ode45 to enable the students solving initial value DE and experience the response of the engineering systems for different applied conditions. Moreover, both advantages and disadvantages are presented especially the student mostly face in solving system of DE using ode45 code","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82949082,"asset_id":75003703,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":186367264,"first_name":"Waleed","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WaleedAhmed313","display_name":"Waleed Ahmed","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WaleedAhmed313?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":25395,"name":"Matlab","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matlab?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":70443,"name":"De","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/De?f_ri=794527","nofollow":false},{"id":410984,"name":"Ode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ode?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50839246" data-work_id="50839246" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50839246/IMPACT_OF_ELECTRONIC_COMMERCE_IN_MARKETING_AND_BRAND_DEVELOPING">IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE IN MARKETING AND BRAND DEVELOPING</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Electronic Commerce (E-commerce) is the conduct of business activities using electronic data transmission technologies such as those used in the Internet and World Wide Web (WWW). There are different aspects of doing Ecommerce such as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50839246" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Electronic Commerce (E-commerce) is the conduct of business activities using electronic data transmission technologies such as those used in the Internet and World Wide Web (WWW). There are different aspects of doing Ecommerce such as Business-to-Customer (B-C), Business-to-Business (B-B), Business –to-Government (B-G) and Customer-to-Customer (C-C). Now a days more and more people participate in E-commerce transactions. The main advantage of E-commerce is that people can save money and time. The financial volume of E-commerce transactions increased to billions of dollars today. People are more concerned about the security of transacting online. Since E-commerce transactions became very common, and the volume of transactions rose high, we need to strengthen the current security facilities. More or less, trust between the trading partners is also very important. Without trust, most people prefer to do traditional methods of doing business. Brands have got a major impact on any kind of business. Emotional brands tries to promote products/services based on emotional appeals of customers rather than specific service offered. Business usually creates an effective web presence to attract visitors and reflect positive images about the organizations among the potential customers.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50839246" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8ce143bdd6942204dd04e8757f5f0e6a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68707241,"asset_id":50839246,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68707241/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39122404" href="https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication">IAEME Publication</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39122404" type="text/json">{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50839246 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50839246"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50839246, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50839246", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50839246 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50839246; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50839246"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50839246 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50839246"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50839246; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50839246]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50839246").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50839246").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50839246"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="622592" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Commerce">E-Commerce</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="622592" type="text/json">{"id":622592,"name":"E-Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Commerce?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="830677" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EMOTIONAL_BRANDING">EMOTIONAL BRANDING</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="830677" type="text/json">{"id":830677,"name":"EMOTIONAL BRANDING","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EMOTIONAL_BRANDING?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1249059" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronic_Commerce">Electronic Commerce</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1249059" type="text/json">{"id":1249059,"name":"Electronic Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronic_Commerce?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50839246]'), work: {"id":50839246,"title":"IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE IN MARKETING AND BRAND DEVELOPING","created_at":"2021-08-12T01:20:53.701-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50839246/IMPACT_OF_ELECTRONIC_COMMERCE_IN_MARKETING_AND_BRAND_DEVELOPING?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_50839246","summary":"Electronic Commerce (E-commerce) is the conduct of business activities using electronic data transmission technologies such as those used in the Internet and World Wide Web (WWW). There are different aspects of doing Ecommerce such as Business-to-Customer (B-C), Business-to-Business (B-B), Business –to-Government (B-G) and Customer-to-Customer (C-C). Now a days more and more people participate in E-commerce transactions. The main advantage of E-commerce is that people can save money and time. The financial volume of E-commerce transactions increased to billions of dollars today. People are more concerned about the security of transacting online. Since E-commerce transactions became very common, and the volume of transactions rose high, we need to strengthen the current security facilities. More or less, trust between the trading partners is also very important. Without trust, most people prefer to do traditional methods of doing business. Brands have got a major impact on any kind of business. Emotional brands tries to promote products/services based on emotional appeals of customers rather than specific service offered. Business usually creates an effective web presence to attract visitors and reflect positive images about the organizations among the potential customers.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68707241,"asset_id":50839246,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":622592,"name":"E-Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-Commerce?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":830677,"name":"EMOTIONAL BRANDING","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EMOTIONAL_BRANDING?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1249059,"name":"Electronic Commerce","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronic_Commerce?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":4017016,"name":"Ijcet Iaeme","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ijcet_Iaeme?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45022108 coauthored" data-work_id="45022108" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45022108/Virtual_Reality_in_Museums_Exploring_the_Experiences_of_Museum_Professionals">Virtual Reality in Museums: Exploring the Experiences of Museum Professionals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The past few years have seen an increase in the use of virtual reality (VR) in museum environments in an attempt for museums to embrace technological innovations and adapt to the challenges of the digital era. While there are studies that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45022108" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The past few years have seen an increase in the use of virtual reality (VR) in museum environments in an attempt for museums to embrace technological innovations and adapt to the challenges of the digital era. While there are studies that examine the advantages of VR in museums and visitors' experiences with it, there are no studies examining the experiences of museum professionals who are responsible for a museum's objects and narratives. The aim of this paper is to explore the practices, experiences, and perceptions of museum professionals on the use of VR technology in museums, their perceived advantages and challenges of such technologies, and their vision for the future of technology in museums. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of interviews with museum professionals from a number of countries around the world who worked with particular VR projects in their own institutions. The ultimate aim is to offer a more critical and holistic examination and assessment of the use of VR in museums and provide suggestions for designing and developing VR projects in the future.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45022108" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2561ce47d23a3e68724a927bbe8196ee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65570241,"asset_id":45022108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65570241/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="106729" href="https://cut.academia.edu/TheopistiStylianouLambert">Theopisti Stylianou-Lambert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="106729" type="text/json">{"id":106729,"first_name":"Theopisti","last_name":"Stylianou-Lambert","domain_name":"cut","page_name":"TheopistiStylianouLambert","display_name":"Theopisti Stylianou-Lambert","profile_url":"https://cut.academia.edu/TheopistiStylianouLambert?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/106729/29331/17605660/s65_theopisti.stylianou-lambert.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-45022108">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-45022108"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ucl.academia.edu/MariaShehade">Maria Shehade</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-45022108'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-45022108').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45022108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45022108"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45022108, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45022108", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45022108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45022108; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45022108"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45022108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45022108"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45022108; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45022108]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45022108").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45022108").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45022108"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50642" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality">Virtual Reality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50642" type="text/json">{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="533760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges">Challenges</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="533760" type="text/json">{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45022108]'), work: {"id":45022108,"title":"Virtual Reality in Museums: Exploring the Experiences of Museum Professionals","created_at":"2021-01-31T21:19:48.167-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45022108/Virtual_Reality_in_Museums_Exploring_the_Experiences_of_Museum_Professionals?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_45022108","summary":"The past few years have seen an increase in the use of virtual reality (VR) in museum environments in an attempt for museums to embrace technological innovations and adapt to the challenges of the digital era. While there are studies that examine the advantages of VR in museums and visitors' experiences with it, there are no studies examining the experiences of museum professionals who are responsible for a museum's objects and narratives. The aim of this paper is to explore the practices, experiences, and perceptions of museum professionals on the use of VR technology in museums, their perceived advantages and challenges of such technologies, and their vision for the future of technology in museums. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of interviews with museum professionals from a number of countries around the world who worked with particular VR projects in their own institutions. The ultimate aim is to offer a more critical and holistic examination and assessment of the use of VR in museums and provide suggestions for designing and developing VR projects in the future.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65570241,"asset_id":45022108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":106729,"first_name":"Theopisti","last_name":"Stylianou-Lambert","domain_name":"cut","page_name":"TheopistiStylianouLambert","display_name":"Theopisti Stylianou-Lambert","profile_url":"https://cut.academia.edu/TheopistiStylianouLambert?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/106729/29331/17605660/s65_theopisti.stylianou-lambert.jpg"},{"id":185356684,"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Shehade","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"MariaShehade","display_name":"Maria Shehade","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/MariaShehade?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37873349" data-work_id="37873349" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37873349/TAXATION_SYSTEM_A_COMPARISON_BETWEEN_THAILAND_AND_THE_PHILIPPINES">TAXATION SYSTEM: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THAILAND AND THE PHILIPPINES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this research to study of taxation system, taxpayers, taxation agencies, tax rates, penalties, term and conditions of tax privileges and comparative analysis of taxation systems between Thailand and Philippines. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37873349" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this research to study of taxation system, taxpayers, taxation agencies, tax rates, penalties, term and conditions of tax privileges and comparative analysis of taxation systems between Thailand and Philippines. The findings of tax system comparison were the difference of tax collection organization between Thailand and Philippines, however, both countries have the same tax system that are tax baskets, tax regulations, tax benefits. From these findings can be concluded that taxpayers or entity in Thailand has more advantage than Philippines's in tax allowance regulations, personal tax income allowance favoured to taxpayers for lower tax rate. Moreover, the tax rate in Thailand is lower than in Philippines resulting to proprietors or investors could bring these proceeds to expand their business or investment, finally, it will generate economic growth.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37873349" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="287c14adfac23b3184718171f3582dc4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57879776,"asset_id":37873349,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57879776/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33055085" href="https://ijetmr.academia.edu/IJETMRJOURNAL">INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH I J E T M R JOURNAL</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33055085" type="text/json">{"id":33055085,"first_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH","last_name":"JOURNAL","domain_name":"ijetmr","page_name":"IJETMRJOURNAL","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH I J E T M R JOURNAL","profile_url":"https://ijetmr.academia.edu/IJETMRJOURNAL?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33055085/9816244/10938689/s65_ijetmr.journal.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37873349 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37873349"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37873349, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37873349", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37873349 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37873349; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37873349"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37873349 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37873349"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37873349; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37873349]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37873349").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37873349").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37873349"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50587" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparison">Comparison</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50587" type="text/json">{"id":50587,"name":"Comparison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparison?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="901564" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxation_System">Taxation System</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="901564" type="text/json">{"id":901564,"name":"Taxation System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxation_System?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="999398" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tax_Rates">Tax Rates</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="999398" type="text/json">{"id":999398,"name":"Tax Rates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tax_Rates?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37873349]'), work: {"id":37873349,"title":"TAXATION SYSTEM: A COMPARISON BETWEEN THAILAND AND THE PHILIPPINES","created_at":"2018-11-28T21:40:09.376-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37873349/TAXATION_SYSTEM_A_COMPARISON_BETWEEN_THAILAND_AND_THE_PHILIPPINES?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_37873349","summary":"The purpose of this research to study of taxation system, taxpayers, taxation agencies, tax rates, penalties, term and conditions of tax privileges and comparative analysis of taxation systems between Thailand and Philippines. The findings of tax system comparison were the difference of tax collection organization between Thailand and Philippines, however, both countries have the same tax system that are tax baskets, tax regulations, tax benefits. From these findings can be concluded that taxpayers or entity in Thailand has more advantage than Philippines's in tax allowance regulations, personal tax income allowance favoured to taxpayers for lower tax rate. Moreover, the tax rate in Thailand is lower than in Philippines resulting to proprietors or investors could bring these proceeds to expand their business or investment, finally, it will generate economic growth.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57879776,"asset_id":37873349,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33055085,"first_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH","last_name":"JOURNAL","domain_name":"ijetmr","page_name":"IJETMRJOURNAL","display_name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT RESEARCH I J E T M R JOURNAL","profile_url":"https://ijetmr.academia.edu/IJETMRJOURNAL?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33055085/9816244/10938689/s65_ijetmr.journal.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":50587,"name":"Comparison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparison?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":901564,"name":"Taxation System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxation_System?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":999398,"name":"Tax Rates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tax_Rates?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63384461" data-work_id="63384461" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63384461/Ense%C3%B1anza_y_aprendizaje_en_l%C3%ADnea_durante_la_pandemia_de_Covid_19_El_caso_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n_superior_p%C3%BAblica_portuguesa">Enseñanza y aprendizaje en línea durante la pandemia de Covid-19: El caso de la educación superior pública portuguesa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_63384461" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer normativas y elaborar planes de apoyo capaces de respaldar una adopción más amplia y generalizada de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en los contextos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos a partir de un estudio nacional en Portugal con objeto de comprender mejor los cambios introducidos en el funcionamiento de las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior Portuguesas (IPESP), desde la perspectiva de los/as alumnos/as y la de los/as profesores/as cuya actividad lectiva presencial se vio interrumpida. El principal instrumento para la recogida de datos fue una encuesta en línea, a la que contestaron 1908 alumnos/as y 453 profesores/as en el período comprendido entre el 4 de mayo y el 24 de junio de 2020. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que las IPESP facilitaron información, principalmente por correo electrónico, no solo sobre la pandemia, sino también sobre las actividades lectivas. El uso de plataformas y aplicaciones de aprendizaje en línea se vio reforzado. La mayoría de los/as participantes señalaron que poseían los recursos y las condiciones para trabajar en línea.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/63384461" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c802f849bd07bb4f7a9df960649ddda0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75831220,"asset_id":63384461,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75831220/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1311938" href="https://ipg.academia.edu/VitorRoque">Vitor Roque</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1311938" type="text/json">{"id":1311938,"first_name":"Vitor","last_name":"Roque","domain_name":"ipg","page_name":"VitorRoque","display_name":"Vitor Roque","profile_url":"https://ipg.academia.edu/VitorRoque?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1311938/484240/20211124/s65_vitor.roque.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_63384461 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="63384461"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 63384461, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_63384461", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_63384461 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63384461; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_63384461"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_63384461 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="63384461"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 63384461; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=63384461]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_63384461").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_63384461").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="63384461"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2621" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education">Higher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2621" type="text/json">{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3585" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE">MOODLE</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3585" type="text/json">{"id":3585,"name":"MOODLE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24943" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning">Distance Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24943" type="text/json">{"id":24943,"name":"Distance Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84219" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning_and_Distance_Learning_Eductaion">Elearning and Distance Learning Eductaion</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84219" type="text/json">{"id":84219,"name":"Elearning and Distance Learning Eductaion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning_and_Distance_Learning_Eductaion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=63384461]'), work: {"id":63384461,"title":"Enseñanza y aprendizaje en línea durante la pandemia de Covid-19: El caso de la educación superior pública portuguesa","created_at":"2021-12-06T15:42:18.327-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/63384461/Ense%C3%B1anza_y_aprendizaje_en_l%C3%ADnea_durante_la_pandemia_de_Covid_19_El_caso_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n_superior_p%C3%BAblica_portuguesa?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_63384461","summary":"En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer normativas y elaborar planes de apoyo capaces de respaldar una adopción más amplia y generalizada de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en los contextos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos a partir de un estudio nacional en Portugal con objeto de comprender mejor los cambios introducidos en el funcionamiento de las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior Portuguesas (IPESP), desde la perspectiva de los/as alumnos/as y la de los/as profesores/as cuya actividad lectiva presencial se vio interrumpida. El principal instrumento para la recogida de datos fue una encuesta en línea, a la que contestaron 1908 alumnos/as y 453 profesores/as en el período comprendido entre el 4 de mayo y el 24 de junio de 2020. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que las IPESP facilitaron información, principalmente por correo electrónico, no solo sobre la pandemia, sino también sobre las actividades lectivas. El uso de plataformas y aplicaciones de aprendizaje en línea se vio reforzado. La mayoría de los/as participantes señalaron que poseían los recursos y las condiciones para trabajar en línea.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75831220,"asset_id":63384461,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1311938,"first_name":"Vitor","last_name":"Roque","domain_name":"ipg","page_name":"VitorRoque","display_name":"Vitor Roque","profile_url":"https://ipg.academia.edu/VitorRoque?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1311938/484240/20211124/s65_vitor.roque.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3585,"name":"MOODLE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":24943,"name":"Distance Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":84219,"name":"Elearning and Distance Learning Eductaion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning_and_Distance_Learning_Eductaion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":382008,"name":"Students' perceptions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Students_perceptions?f_ri=794527"},{"id":492612,"name":"bLearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/bLearning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":599275,"name":"Face-To-Face Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Face-To-Face_Learning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1007492,"name":"Online Platform","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Platform?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1193280,"name":"Elearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2332262,"name":"Google Classrom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Google_Classrom?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3433204,"name":"Higher Education Professors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education_Professors?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3815637,"name":"Microsoft Teams","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microsoft_Teams?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3832902,"name":"Disavantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disavantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7949419" data-work_id="7949419" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7949419/Efficiency_of_E_learning_in_an_Information_Literacy_Course_for_Medical_Students_at_the_Masaryk_University">Efficiency of E-learning in an Information Literacy Course for Medical Students at the Masaryk University</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Purpose: The main goal of this paper is to argue E-learning can be a viable alternative teaching method for Information Literacy according to a comparation of librarian's time spent face-to-face teaching with tutoring the E-learning... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7949419" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Purpose: The main goal of this paper is to argue E-learning can be a viable alternative teaching method for Information Literacy according to a comparation of librarian's time spent face-to-face teaching with tutoring the E-learning course, average time spent a week on learning by the students, time flexibility of E-learning, students' satisfaction with E-learning and students' ability to gain practical skills and theoretical knowledge through E-learning. Design/methodology/approach: Satisfaction of medical students with E-learning and their average weekly time spent learning was assessed through surveys designed in Google Documents. Weekly time spent by students learning in class and the number of librarian teaching hours were set by the university schedule and time spent on tutoring E-learning was measured. Details of accesses to study materials and submission of tasks as well as exam results were collected from Masaryk University Learning Management System. Findings: In 2011 50% less time was expended on tutoring E-learning than time spent with the same number of students in the previous three years in the classroom. One third of the students learned for more hours a week with E-learning than students in class. No significant difference in gained theoretical knowledge between these students was found. On average 90% of tasks submitted to E-learning were correct the first time. E-learning was appreciated by the students for its time (93%) and space (83 %) flexibility, the online materials (62%) and self-managing learning time (55%). Details of access to the study materials confirmed time flexibility. Originality/value: Due to time saved and considering the lack of any significant difference in the knowledge gained by students, E-learning can be a viable alternative teaching method for Information Literacy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7949419" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c3ffe5081f5318dafdee68a846c9a812" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36047841,"asset_id":7949419,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36047841/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15133089" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Ji%C5%99%C3%ADKratochv%C3%ADl">Jiří Kratochvíl</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15133089" type="text/json">{"id":15133089,"first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Kratochvíl","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JiříKratochvíl","display_name":"Jiří Kratochvíl","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Ji%C5%99%C3%ADKratochv%C3%ADl?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15133089/4083330/4761213/s65_ji_.kratochv_l.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7949419 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7949419"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7949419, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7949419", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7949419 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7949419; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7949419"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7949419 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7949419"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7949419; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7949419]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7949419").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7949419").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7949419"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1011" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Library_Science">Library Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1011" type="text/json">{"id":1011,"name":"Library Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Library_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1257" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Literacy">Information Literacy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1257" type="text/json">{"id":1257,"name":"Information Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Literacy?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1609" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-learning">E-learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1609" type="text/json">{"id":1609,"name":"E-learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8910" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evaluation">Evaluation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8910" type="text/json">{"id":8910,"name":"Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evaluation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7949419]'), work: {"id":7949419,"title":"Efficiency of E-learning in an Information Literacy Course for Medical Students at the Masaryk University","created_at":"2014-08-12T05:02:27.575-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7949419/Efficiency_of_E_learning_in_an_Information_Literacy_Course_for_Medical_Students_at_the_Masaryk_University?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_7949419","summary":"Purpose: The main goal of this paper is to argue E-learning can be a viable alternative teaching method for Information Literacy according to a comparation of librarian's time spent face-to-face teaching with tutoring the E-learning course, average time spent a week on learning by the students, time flexibility of E-learning, students' satisfaction with E-learning and students' ability to gain practical skills and theoretical knowledge through E-learning. Design/methodology/approach: Satisfaction of medical students with E-learning and their average weekly time spent learning was assessed through surveys designed in Google Documents. Weekly time spent by students learning in class and the number of librarian teaching hours were set by the university schedule and time spent on tutoring E-learning was measured. Details of accesses to study materials and submission of tasks as well as exam results were collected from Masaryk University Learning Management System. Findings: In 2011 50% less time was expended on tutoring E-learning than time spent with the same number of students in the previous three years in the classroom. One third of the students learned for more hours a week with E-learning than students in class. No significant difference in gained theoretical knowledge between these students was found. On average 90% of tasks submitted to E-learning were correct the first time. E-learning was appreciated by the students for its time (93%) and space (83 %) flexibility, the online materials (62%) and self-managing learning time (55%). Details of access to the study materials confirmed time flexibility. Originality/value: Due to time saved and considering the lack of any significant difference in the knowledge gained by students, E-learning can be a viable alternative teaching method for Information Literacy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36047841,"asset_id":7949419,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15133089,"first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Kratochvíl","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JiříKratochvíl","display_name":"Jiří Kratochvíl","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Ji%C5%99%C3%ADKratochv%C3%ADl?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15133089/4083330/4761213/s65_ji_.kratochv_l.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1011,"name":"Library Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Library_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1257,"name":"Information Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Literacy?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1609,"name":"E-learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":8910,"name":"Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evaluation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":62445,"name":"Medical Students","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Students?f_ri=794527"},{"id":170514,"name":"Librarians","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Librarians?f_ri=794527"},{"id":219927,"name":"Efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Efficiency?f_ri=794527"},{"id":443660,"name":"Masaryk University","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Masaryk_University?f_ri=794527"},{"id":543479,"name":"Academic library","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_library?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_67930550" data-work_id="67930550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67930550/Taxation_System_A_Comparison_Between_Thailand_and_the_Philippines">Taxation System: A Comparison Between Thailand and the Philippines</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this research to study of taxation system, taxpayers, taxation agencies, tax rates, penalties, term and conditions of tax privileges and comparative analysis of taxation systems between Thailand and Philippines. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67930550" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this research to study of taxation system, taxpayers, taxation agencies, tax rates, penalties, term and conditions of tax privileges and comparative analysis of taxation systems between Thailand and Philippines. The findings of tax system comparison were the difference of tax collection organization between Thailand and Philippines, however, both countries have the same tax system that are tax baskets, tax regulations, tax benefits. From these findings can be concluded that taxpayers or entity in Thailand has more advantage than Philippines’s in tax allowance regulations, personal tax income allowance favoured to taxpayers for lower tax rate. Moreover, the tax rate in Thailand is lower than in Philippines resulting to proprietors or investors could bring these proceeds to expand their business or investment, finally, it will generate economic growth.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67930550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a4fdbbe887fbedcc7e3f957531db1fb7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78593069,"asset_id":67930550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78593069/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="125504975" href="https://kasetsart.academia.edu/ThamrongsakSvetalekth">Thamrongsak Svetalekth</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="125504975" type="text/json">{"id":125504975,"first_name":"Thamrongsak","last_name":"Svetalekth","domain_name":"kasetsart","page_name":"ThamrongsakSvetalekth","display_name":"Thamrongsak Svetalekth","profile_url":"https://kasetsart.academia.edu/ThamrongsakSvetalekth?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67930550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67930550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67930550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67930550", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67930550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67930550; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67930550"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67930550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67930550"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67930550; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67930550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67930550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67930550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67930550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50587" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparison">Comparison</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50587" type="text/json">{"id":50587,"name":"Comparison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparison?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="901564" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxation_System">Taxation System</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="901564" type="text/json">{"id":901564,"name":"Taxation System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxation_System?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67930550]'), work: {"id":67930550,"title":"Taxation System: A Comparison Between Thailand and the Philippines","created_at":"2022-01-13T02:24:55.813-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67930550/Taxation_System_A_Comparison_Between_Thailand_and_the_Philippines?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_67930550","summary":"The purpose of this research to study of taxation system, taxpayers, taxation agencies, tax rates, penalties, term and conditions of tax privileges and comparative analysis of taxation systems between Thailand and Philippines. The findings of tax system comparison were the difference of tax collection organization between Thailand and Philippines, however, both countries have the same tax system that are tax baskets, tax regulations, tax benefits. From these findings can be concluded that taxpayers or entity in Thailand has more advantage than Philippines’s in tax allowance regulations, personal tax income allowance favoured to taxpayers for lower tax rate. Moreover, the tax rate in Thailand is lower than in Philippines resulting to proprietors or investors could bring these proceeds to expand their business or investment, finally, it will generate economic growth.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78593069,"asset_id":67930550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":125504975,"first_name":"Thamrongsak","last_name":"Svetalekth","domain_name":"kasetsart","page_name":"ThamrongsakSvetalekth","display_name":"Thamrongsak Svetalekth","profile_url":"https://kasetsart.academia.edu/ThamrongsakSvetalekth?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":50587,"name":"Comparison","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparison?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":901564,"name":"Taxation System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Taxation_System?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":999398,"name":"Tax Rates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tax_Rates?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7824632" data-work_id="7824632" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7824632/Manage_Storm_Water_by_Using_Porous_Pavement">Manage Storm Water by Using Porous Pavement</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As cities grow, the amount of impermeable surfaces-those that do not allow water to infiltrate into the ground-increases Examples of impervious surfaces are asphalt roads, concrete sidewalks, parking lots, building roofs, and areas of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7824632" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As cities grow, the amount of impermeable surfaces-those that do not allow water to infiltrate into the ground-increases Examples of impervious surfaces are asphalt roads, concrete sidewalks, parking lots, building roofs, and areas of highly compacted soils such as in subdivisions. If not properly managed, the storm water runoff produced by these impermeable surfaces can have negative effects on nearby surface waters. When waters from storm events do not infiltrate the soil, the storm water management system, consisting of storm water structures and pipes, quickly directs them to streams, rivers, and lakes. Such increases in storm water runoff can have detrimental effects on nearby lands and receiving streams resulting in flooding, increased peak flows, groundwater or stream base flow reductions, increased stream velocities and stream bank erosion, increased water temperatures, and reduced water quality. Storm water must be managed in such a way as to prevent or minimize these negative impacts from urban growth. One method of storm water management is to reduce runoff by increasing infiltration through the use of permeable or pervious pavement. Permeable pavement allows storm water to percolate through the pavement and infiltrate the underlying soils thereby reducing runoff from a site, unlike standard pavement which prohibits infiltration. In previous concrete, carefully controlled amounts of water and cementations materials are used to create a paste that forms a thick coating around aggregate particles. Permeable pavement looks similar to standard asphalt or concrete except void spaces are created by omitting fine materials. Compacted gravel is not considered permeable pavement. Permeable paving surfaces keep the pollutants in place in the soil or other material underlying the roadway, and allow water seepage to groundwater recharge while preventing the stream erosion problems. However, some properties of most permeable pavements limit their applicability. Permeable pavements are not generally used in applications where high traffic loads, in terms of volume and weight, and/or high rates of speed are encountered. Their use should be limited to pedestrian and light to medium vehicle traffic. Greenways, sidewalks, driveways.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7824632" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="026fe498fc95babfdc3b98fabb80545e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34325869,"asset_id":7824632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34325869/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2594470" href="https://independent.academia.edu/iosrjournals">IOSR Journals</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2594470" type="text/json">{"id":2594470,"first_name":"IOSR","last_name":"Journals","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iosrjournals","display_name":"IOSR Journals","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iosrjournals?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2594470/1482486/33690215/s65_iosr.journals.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7824632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7824632"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7824632, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7824632", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7824632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7824632; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7824632"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7824632 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7824632"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7824632; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7824632]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7824632").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7824632").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7824632"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="402" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science">Environmental Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="402" type="text/json">{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18845" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability">Environmental Sustainability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18845" type="text/json">{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7824632]'), work: {"id":7824632,"title":"Manage Storm Water by Using Porous Pavement","created_at":"2014-07-30T16:25:33.138-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7824632/Manage_Storm_Water_by_Using_Porous_Pavement?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_7824632","summary":"As cities grow, the amount of impermeable surfaces-those that do not allow water to infiltrate into the ground-increases Examples of impervious surfaces are asphalt roads, concrete sidewalks, parking lots, building roofs, and areas of highly compacted soils such as in subdivisions. If not properly managed, the storm water runoff produced by these impermeable surfaces can have negative effects on nearby surface waters. When waters from storm events do not infiltrate the soil, the storm water management system, consisting of storm water structures and pipes, quickly directs them to streams, rivers, and lakes. Such increases in storm water runoff can have detrimental effects on nearby lands and receiving streams resulting in flooding, increased peak flows, groundwater or stream base flow reductions, increased stream velocities and stream bank erosion, increased water temperatures, and reduced water quality. Storm water must be managed in such a way as to prevent or minimize these negative impacts from urban growth. One method of storm water management is to reduce runoff by increasing infiltration through the use of permeable or pervious pavement. Permeable pavement allows storm water to percolate through the pavement and infiltrate the underlying soils thereby reducing runoff from a site, unlike standard pavement which prohibits infiltration. In previous concrete, carefully controlled amounts of water and cementations materials are used to create a paste that forms a thick coating around aggregate particles. Permeable pavement looks similar to standard asphalt or concrete except void spaces are created by omitting fine materials. Compacted gravel is not considered permeable pavement. Permeable paving surfaces keep the pollutants in place in the soil or other material underlying the roadway, and allow water seepage to groundwater recharge while preventing the stream erosion problems. However, some properties of most permeable pavements limit their applicability. Permeable pavements are not generally used in applications where high traffic loads, in terms of volume and weight, and/or high rates of speed are encountered. Their use should be limited to pedestrian and light to medium vehicle traffic. Greenways, sidewalks, driveways.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34325869,"asset_id":7824632,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2594470,"first_name":"IOSR","last_name":"Journals","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"iosrjournals","display_name":"IOSR Journals","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/iosrjournals?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2594470/1482486/33690215/s65_iosr.journals.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":908897,"name":"Types","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Types?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_68450138" data-work_id="68450138" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68450138/The_Transformative_Nature_of_Telework_A_Review_of_the_Literature">The Transformative Nature of Telework: A Review of the Literature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Information and communication technologies (ICT) have had, and continue to have, a profound impact on the way work is organized, undertaken and managed by organizations and their employees. Telework, in particular, allows employees to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_68450138" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Information and communication technologies (ICT) have had, and continue to have, a profound impact on the way work is organized, undertaken and managed by organizations and their employees. Telework, in particular, allows employees to work anywhere and anytime. These developments are not simply extending earlier temporal and spatial boundaries of work; they are profoundly changing the nature of work itself. To gain a better understanding of the changing nature of work and the implications for organizations and employees, we conducted a literature review that identified in total 24 different advantages and challenges of telework. We also show that there are inherent contradictions among these advantages and challenges, thus outlining interesting questions and opportunities for future research and alerting practitioners to possible dilemmas arising from telework arrangements.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/68450138" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="75145003a532065a2586d9222fc53b30" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78920363,"asset_id":68450138,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78920363/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1869293" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DubravkaCecezKecmanovic">Dubravka Cecez-Kecmanovic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1869293" type="text/json">{"id":1869293,"first_name":"Dubravka","last_name":"Cecez-Kecmanovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DubravkaCecezKecmanovic","display_name":"Dubravka Cecez-Kecmanovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DubravkaCecezKecmanovic?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1869293/21548719/20908388/s65_dubravka.cecez-kecmanovic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_68450138 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="68450138"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 68450138, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_68450138", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_68450138 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68450138; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_68450138"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_68450138 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="68450138"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 68450138; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=68450138]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_68450138").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_68450138").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="68450138"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICT">ICT</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10414" type="text/json">{"id":10414,"name":"ICT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICT?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=68450138]'), work: {"id":68450138,"title":"The Transformative Nature of Telework: A Review of the Literature","created_at":"2022-01-16T16:11:50.904-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/68450138/The_Transformative_Nature_of_Telework_A_Review_of_the_Literature?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_68450138","summary":"Information and communication technologies (ICT) have had, and continue to have, a profound impact on the way work is organized, undertaken and managed by organizations and their employees. Telework, in particular, allows employees to work anywhere and anytime. These developments are not simply extending earlier temporal and spatial boundaries of work; they are profoundly changing the nature of work itself. To gain a better understanding of the changing nature of work and the implications for organizations and employees, we conducted a literature review that identified in total 24 different advantages and challenges of telework. We also show that there are inherent contradictions among these advantages and challenges, thus outlining interesting questions and opportunities for future research and alerting practitioners to possible dilemmas arising from telework arrangements.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78920363,"asset_id":68450138,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1869293,"first_name":"Dubravka","last_name":"Cecez-Kecmanovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DubravkaCecezKecmanovic","display_name":"Dubravka Cecez-Kecmanovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DubravkaCecezKecmanovic?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1869293/21548719/20908388/s65_dubravka.cecez-kecmanovic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":10414,"name":"ICT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICT?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":44293,"name":"Literature Review","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_Review?f_ri=794527"},{"id":63185,"name":"Telework","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telework?f_ri=794527"},{"id":201559,"name":"Contradictions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contradictions?f_ri=794527"},{"id":250219,"name":"Virtual Work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Work?f_ri=794527"},{"id":285072,"name":"Telecommuting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecommuting?f_ri=794527"},{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61753671" data-work_id="61753671" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61753671/The_Opinion_of_Slovene_Mother_Tongue_Teachers_on_Distance_Learning_in_Primary_Schools">The Opinion of Slovene (Mother Tongue) Teachers on Distance Learning in Primary Schools</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Slovene language has several roles in the educational process in the Republic of Slovenia, including its role as a subject in the curriculum in its own right. It is a basic general education subject in public primary schools and has... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61753671" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Slovene language has several roles in the educational process in the Republic of Slovenia, including its role as a subject in the curriculum in its own right. It is a basic general education subject in public primary schools and has the most hours of all of the subjects. All teachers were forced to teach remotely for the first time in the history of education (first during the 2019/20 school year and then in the 2020/21 school year) during the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. The results of a survey comprising 348 teachers with the ability to teach the mother tongue at primary school level (grades 1–9 of primary school; 59% were class curriculum teachers and 41% were Slovene language teachers) show, among other things, that teachers mostly have a good attitude towards distance teaching and feel empowered for this type of teaching, although they feel that this method makes them mentally and physically more tired than teaching in the classroom. Among the advantages of distance teaching, teachers mention the greater use of modern information and communication technology, more use of e-material and the opportunity for formal monitoring of students. In their opinion, the biggest problems of distance teaching (of the Slovene language) include: lack of student participation; lack of non-verbal communication, thus creating difficulties in understanding; and technical issues. Most teachers believe that students acquire less knowledge or far less knowledge by distance education than they would from education in the classroom. Teachers who feel more empowered to teach remotely also have a better attitude towards teaching their mother tongue and are more satisfied with the communication aspect with students in distant teaching. Teachers who have received the necessary training for distance teaching as part of their work feel more empowered to teach this way than teachers who have not had such training.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61753671" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="75872931325cf1f74ed138db1f9d65f6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74710195,"asset_id":61753671,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74710195/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48437335" href="https://uni-lj.academia.edu/CEPSJournal">CEPS Journal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48437335" type="text/json">{"id":48437335,"first_name":"CEPS","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"uni-lj","page_name":"CEPSJournal","display_name":"CEPS Journal","profile_url":"https://uni-lj.academia.edu/CEPSJournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48437335/19742431/26795729/s65_ceps.journal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61753671 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61753671"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61753671, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61753671", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61753671 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61753671; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61753671"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61753671 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61753671"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61753671; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61753671]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61753671").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61753671").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61753671"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1695" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Education">Distance Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1695" type="text/json">{"id":1695,"name":"Distance Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8470" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empowerment">Empowerment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8470" type="text/json">{"id":8470,"name":"Empowerment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empowerment?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="675968" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slovene_Language">Slovene Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="675968" type="text/json">{"id":675968,"name":"Slovene Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slovene_Language?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61753671]'), work: {"id":61753671,"title":"The Opinion of Slovene (Mother Tongue) Teachers on Distance Learning in Primary Schools","created_at":"2021-11-16T00:26:16.690-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61753671/The_Opinion_of_Slovene_Mother_Tongue_Teachers_on_Distance_Learning_in_Primary_Schools?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_61753671","summary":"The Slovene language has several roles in the educational process in the Republic of Slovenia, including its role as a subject in the curriculum in its own right. It is a basic general education subject in public primary schools and has the most hours of all of the subjects. All teachers were forced to teach remotely for the first time in the history of education (first during the 2019/20 school year and then in the 2020/21 school year) during the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic. The results of a survey comprising 348 teachers with the ability to teach the mother tongue at primary school level (grades 1–9 of primary school; 59% were class curriculum teachers and 41% were Slovene language teachers) show, among other things, that teachers mostly have a good attitude towards distance teaching and feel empowered for this type of teaching, although they feel that this method makes them mentally and physically more tired than teaching in the classroom. Among the advantages of distance teaching, teachers mention the greater use of modern information and communication technology, more use of e-material and the opportunity for formal monitoring of students. In their opinion, the biggest problems of distance teaching (of the Slovene language) include: lack of student participation; lack of non-verbal communication, thus creating difficulties in understanding; and technical issues. Most teachers believe that students acquire less knowledge or far less knowledge by distance education than they would from education in the classroom. Teachers who feel more empowered to teach remotely also have a better attitude towards teaching their mother tongue and are more satisfied with the communication aspect with students in distant teaching. Teachers who have received the necessary training for distance teaching as part of their work feel more empowered to teach this way than teachers who have not had such training.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74710195,"asset_id":61753671,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48437335,"first_name":"CEPS","last_name":"Journal","domain_name":"uni-lj","page_name":"CEPSJournal","display_name":"CEPS Journal","profile_url":"https://uni-lj.academia.edu/CEPSJournal?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48437335/19742431/26795729/s65_ceps.journal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1695,"name":"Distance Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":8470,"name":"Empowerment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empowerment?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":675968,"name":"Slovene Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Slovene_Language?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1751497,"name":"Teaching and Learning in Distance Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_and_Learning_in_Distance_Education?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49432591" data-work_id="49432591" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49432591/MOBILE_LEARNING_IN_EDUCATION_ADVANTAGES_AND_CHALLENGES">MOBILE LEARNING IN EDUCATION: ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the 21 st century Information and communication technology (ICT) have influenced every aspects of our life including business, travel and education. While there are various new technologies are used in teaching-learning process, mobile... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49432591" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the 21 st century Information and communication technology (ICT) have influenced every aspects of our life including business, travel and education. While there are various new technologies are used in teaching-learning process, mobile learning is most popular, easily accessible than other form of E-learning. As there are several features in mobile devices that can be used in learning, many educational scholars and practitioners have incorporated this technology in teaching and learning environment. Therefore, this new form of learning has significantly af ected the teaching-learning process. Through M-learning students can learn anything in anywhere and anytime as per their needs and interests. Though M-learning has significant positive impact on education, there are some issues and challenges in Mlearning that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to discuss about the advantages and challenges of M-learning in education.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49432591" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d9a9fa3cc628b03fa60168335689c63c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67785106,"asset_id":49432591,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67785106/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39122404" href="https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication">IAEME Publication</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39122404" type="text/json">{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49432591 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49432591"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49432591, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49432591", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49432591 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49432591; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49432591"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49432591 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49432591"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49432591; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49432591]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49432591").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49432591").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49432591"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1763" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning">Mobile Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1763" type="text/json">{"id":1763,"name":"Mobile Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="533760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges">Challenges</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="533760" type="text/json">{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49432591]'), work: {"id":49432591,"title":"MOBILE LEARNING IN EDUCATION: ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES","created_at":"2021-06-28T02:12:09.989-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49432591/MOBILE_LEARNING_IN_EDUCATION_ADVANTAGES_AND_CHALLENGES?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_49432591","summary":"In the 21 st century Information and communication technology (ICT) have influenced every aspects of our life including business, travel and education. While there are various new technologies are used in teaching-learning process, mobile learning is most popular, easily accessible than other form of E-learning. As there are several features in mobile devices that can be used in learning, many educational scholars and practitioners have incorporated this technology in teaching and learning environment. Therefore, this new form of learning has significantly af ected the teaching-learning process. Through M-learning students can learn anything in anywhere and anytime as per their needs and interests. Though M-learning has significant positive impact on education, there are some issues and challenges in Mlearning that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to discuss about the advantages and challenges of M-learning in education.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67785106,"asset_id":49432591,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1763,"name":"Mobile Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_47752830" data-work_id="47752830" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47752830/MOBILE_LEARNING_IN_EDUCATION_ADVANTAGES_AND_CHALLENGES">MOBILE LEARNING IN EDUCATION: ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the 21st century Information and communication technology (ICT) have influenced every aspects of our life including business, travel and education. While there are various new technologies are used in teaching-learning process, mobile... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_47752830" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the 21st century Information and communication technology (ICT) have influenced every aspects of our life including business, travel and education. While there are various new technologies are used in teaching-learning process, mobile learning is most popular, easily accessible than other form of E-learning. As there are several features in mobile devices that can be used in learning, many educational scholars and practitioners have incorporated this technology in teaching and learning environment. Therefore, this new form of learning has significantly affected the teaching-learning process. Through M-learning students can learn anything in anywhere and anytime as per their needs and interests. Though M-learning has significant positive impact on education, there are some issues and challenges in Mlearning that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to discuss about the advantages and challenges of M-learning in education.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47752830" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="183d26e94fa017af60b4c05e205b4fbb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66694790,"asset_id":47752830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66694790/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39122404" href="https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication">IAEME Publication</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39122404" type="text/json">{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_47752830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="47752830"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 47752830, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_47752830", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_47752830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47752830; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_47752830"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_47752830 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="47752830"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 47752830; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=47752830]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_47752830").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_47752830").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="47752830"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1763" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning">Mobile Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1763" type="text/json">{"id":1763,"name":"Mobile Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="533760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges">Challenges</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="533760" type="text/json">{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=47752830]'), work: {"id":47752830,"title":"MOBILE LEARNING IN EDUCATION: ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES","created_at":"2021-04-26T21:12:00.971-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/47752830/MOBILE_LEARNING_IN_EDUCATION_ADVANTAGES_AND_CHALLENGES?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_47752830","summary":"In the 21st century Information and communication technology (ICT) have influenced every aspects of our life including business, travel and education. While there are various new technologies are used in teaching-learning process, mobile learning is most popular, easily accessible than other form of E-learning. As there are several features in mobile devices that can be used in learning, many educational scholars and practitioners have incorporated this technology in teaching and learning environment. Therefore, this new form of learning has significantly affected the teaching-learning process. Through M-learning students can learn anything in anywhere and anytime as per their needs and interests. Though M-learning has significant positive impact on education, there are some issues and challenges in Mlearning that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to discuss about the advantages and challenges of M-learning in education.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66694790,"asset_id":47752830,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39122404,"first_name":"IAEME","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"iaeme","page_name":"publication","display_name":"IAEME Publication","profile_url":"https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/39122404/12178523/13563629/s65_iaeme.publication.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1763,"name":"Mobile Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74078093" data-work_id="74078093" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74078093/Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_Using_MATLAB_ode45_for_Solving_Differential_Equations_in_Engineering_Applications">Advantages and Disadvantages of Using MATLAB/ode45 for Solving Differential Equations in Engineering Applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present paper demonstrates the route used for solving differential equations for the engineering applications at UAEU. Usually students at the Engineering Requirements Unit (ERU) stage of the Faculty of Engineering at the UAEU must... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74078093" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present paper demonstrates the route used for solving differential equations for the engineering applications at UAEU. Usually students at the Engineering Requirements Unit (ERU) stage of the Faculty of Engineering at the UAEU must enroll in a course of Differential Equations and Engineering Applications (MATH 2210) as a prerequisite for the subsequent stages of their study. Mainly, one of the objectives of this course is that the students practice MATLAB software package during the course. The aim of using this software is to solve differential equations individually and as a system of equation in parallel with analytical mathematics trends. In general, mathematical models of the engineering systems like mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical and civil are modeled and solve to predict the behavior of the system under different conditions. The paper presents the technique which is used to solve DE using MATLAB. The main code that utilized and presented is MATLAB/ode45 to enab...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74078093" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="01b388b92180992a6e060a3949b1c577" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82360509,"asset_id":74078093,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82360509/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="140565656" href="https://au-pk.academia.edu/AhmedW">Waleed Ahmed</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="140565656" type="text/json">{"id":140565656,"first_name":"Waleed","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"au-pk","page_name":"AhmedW","display_name":"Waleed Ahmed","profile_url":"https://au-pk.academia.edu/AhmedW?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74078093 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74078093"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74078093, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74078093", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74078093 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74078093; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74078093"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74078093 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74078093"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74078093; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74078093]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74078093").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74078093").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74078093"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25395" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matlab">Matlab</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="25395" type="text/json">{"id":25395,"name":"Matlab","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matlab?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70443" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/De">De</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="70443" type="text/json">{"id":70443,"name":"De","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/De?f_ri=794527","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="410984" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ode">Ode</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="410984" type="text/json">{"id":410984,"name":"Ode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ode?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74078093]'), work: {"id":74078093,"title":"Advantages and Disadvantages of Using MATLAB/ode45 for Solving Differential Equations in Engineering Applications","created_at":"2022-03-19T09:48:18.775-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74078093/Advantages_and_Disadvantages_of_Using_MATLAB_ode45_for_Solving_Differential_Equations_in_Engineering_Applications?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_74078093","summary":"The present paper demonstrates the route used for solving differential equations for the engineering applications at UAEU. Usually students at the Engineering Requirements Unit (ERU) stage of the Faculty of Engineering at the UAEU must enroll in a course of Differential Equations and Engineering Applications (MATH 2210) as a prerequisite for the subsequent stages of their study. Mainly, one of the objectives of this course is that the students practice MATLAB software package during the course. The aim of using this software is to solve differential equations individually and as a system of equation in parallel with analytical mathematics trends. In general, mathematical models of the engineering systems like mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical and civil are modeled and solve to predict the behavior of the system under different conditions. The paper presents the technique which is used to solve DE using MATLAB. The main code that utilized and presented is MATLAB/ode45 to enab...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82360509,"asset_id":74078093,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":140565656,"first_name":"Waleed","last_name":"Ahmed","domain_name":"au-pk","page_name":"AhmedW","display_name":"Waleed Ahmed","profile_url":"https://au-pk.academia.edu/AhmedW?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":25395,"name":"Matlab","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matlab?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":70443,"name":"De","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/De?f_ri=794527","nofollow":false},{"id":410984,"name":"Ode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ode?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7487472" data-work_id="7487472" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7487472/REMEDIES_OVER_THE_OBSTACLES_IN_IMPLEMENTING_AUTOMATION_IN_INDIAN_INFRASTRUCTURE_PROJECTS">REMEDIES OVER THE OBSTACLES IN IMPLEMENTING AUTOMATION IN INDIAN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Infrastructure project requires more number of skilled labour, good quality of work, increases productivity etc. for this purpose we use automation technologies. The construction industry is labour intensive and construction work is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7487472" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Infrastructure project requires more number of skilled labour, good quality of work, increases productivity etc. for this purpose we use automation technologies. The construction industry is labour intensive and construction work is conducted in dangerous and risky situation. So, we have to use different automation technology. There are so many obstacles while implementing automation technologies. Some of them are high cost of automation technologies, maintenance and operating cost, skilled worker, knowledge about automation to worker, availability of technologies etc. The automation technologies are so expensive and has greater obstacles to implement cost of automation is the major factor whether to consider or not, technology for the construction work. These technologies are not easily accepted by worker because of less knowledge about automation. This paper describes the remedies over the obstacles in implementing automation technologies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7487472" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="64694ce586634bc57fd059c6322f40c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34059586,"asset_id":7487472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34059586/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13361240" href="https://deccancollgepune.academia.edu/AkashTambi">Akash Tambi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13361240" type="text/json">{"id":13361240,"first_name":"Akash","last_name":"Tambi","domain_name":"deccancollgepune","page_name":"AkashTambi","display_name":"Akash Tambi","profile_url":"https://deccancollgepune.academia.edu/AkashTambi?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7487472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7487472"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7487472, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7487472", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7487472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7487472; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7487472"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7487472 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7487472"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7487472; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7487472]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7487472").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7487472").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7487472"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3389" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_studies">Indian studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3389" type="text/json">{"id":3389,"name":"Indian studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_studies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43838" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India">India</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="43838" type="text/json">{"id":43838,"name":"India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="66379" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation">Automation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="66379" type="text/json">{"id":66379,"name":"Automation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="153218" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remedies">Remedies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="153218" type="text/json">{"id":153218,"name":"Remedies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remedies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7487472]'), work: {"id":7487472,"title":"REMEDIES OVER THE OBSTACLES IN IMPLEMENTING AUTOMATION IN INDIAN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS","created_at":"2014-06-28T02:32:34.423-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7487472/REMEDIES_OVER_THE_OBSTACLES_IN_IMPLEMENTING_AUTOMATION_IN_INDIAN_INFRASTRUCTURE_PROJECTS?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_7487472","summary":"Infrastructure project requires more number of skilled labour, good quality of work, increases productivity etc. for this purpose we use automation technologies. The construction industry is labour intensive and construction work is conducted in dangerous and risky situation. So, we have to use different automation technology. There are so many obstacles while implementing automation technologies. Some of them are high cost of automation technologies, maintenance and operating cost, skilled worker, knowledge about automation to worker, availability of technologies etc. The automation technologies are so expensive and has greater obstacles to implement cost of automation is the major factor whether to consider or not, technology for the construction work. These technologies are not easily accepted by worker because of less knowledge about automation. This paper describes the remedies over the obstacles in implementing automation technologies.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34059586,"asset_id":7487472,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13361240,"first_name":"Akash","last_name":"Tambi","domain_name":"deccancollgepune","page_name":"AkashTambi","display_name":"Akash Tambi","profile_url":"https://deccancollgepune.academia.edu/AkashTambi?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3389,"name":"Indian studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_studies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":43838,"name":"India","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/India?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":66379,"name":"Automation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":153218,"name":"Remedies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remedies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":511409,"name":"Obstacles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Obstacles?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1430218,"name":"Automation and Robotic In Indian Housing Construction Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automation_and_Robotic_In_Indian_Housing_Construction_Industry?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6964132" data-work_id="6964132" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6964132/Critically_SAVE2_evaluate_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_individual_performance_appraisals">Critically SAVE2 evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of individual performance appraisals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6964132" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b9772f033c9488a04fd1dada31be1b02" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33630944,"asset_id":6964132,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33630944/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11797483" href="https://segii.academia.edu/DevendranKShanmuganathan">Devendran K Shanmuganathan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11797483" type="text/json">{"id":11797483,"first_name":"Devendran","last_name":"K Shanmuganathan","domain_name":"segii","page_name":"DevendranKShanmuganathan","display_name":"Devendran K Shanmuganathan","profile_url":"https://segii.academia.edu/DevendranKShanmuganathan?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11797483/3405840/4005236/s65_devendran.k_shanmuganathan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6964132 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6964132"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6964132, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6964132", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6964132 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6964132; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6964132"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6964132 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6964132"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6964132; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6964132]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6964132").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6964132").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6964132"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26028" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Appraisals">Performance Appraisals</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26028" type="text/json">{"id":26028,"name":"Performance Appraisals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Appraisals?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1180002" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages">Disadvantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1180002" type="text/json">{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6964132]'), work: {"id":6964132,"title":"Critically SAVE2 evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of individual performance appraisals","created_at":"2014-05-05T02:10:59.079-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6964132/Critically_SAVE2_evaluate_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_individual_performance_appraisals?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_6964132","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33630944,"asset_id":6964132,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11797483,"first_name":"Devendran","last_name":"K Shanmuganathan","domain_name":"segii","page_name":"DevendranKShanmuganathan","display_name":"Devendran K Shanmuganathan","profile_url":"https://segii.academia.edu/DevendranKShanmuganathan?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11797483/3405840/4005236/s65_devendran.k_shanmuganathan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26028,"name":"Performance Appraisals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Appraisals?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80550439" data-work_id="80550439" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/80550439/Ense%C3%B1anza_y_aprendizaje_en_l%C3%ADnea_durante_la_pandemia_de_Covid_19_El_caso_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n_superior_p%C3%BAblica_portuguesa">Enseñanza y aprendizaje en línea durante la pandemia de Covid-19: El caso de la educación superior pública portuguesa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80550439" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer normativas y elaborar planes de apoyo capaces de respaldar una adopción más amplia y generalizada de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en los contextos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos a partir de un estudio nacional en Portugal con objeto de comprender mejor los cambios introducidos en el funcionamiento de las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior Portuguesas (IPESP), desde la perspectiva de los/as alumnos/as y la de los/as profesores/as cuya actividad lectiva presencial se vio interrumpida. El principal instrumento para la recogida de datos fue una encuesta en línea, a la que contestaron 1908 alumnos/as y 453 profesores/as en el período comprendido entre el 4 de mayo y el 24 de junio de 2020. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que las IPESP facilitaron información, principalmente por correo electrónico, no solo sobre la pandemia, sino también sobre las actividades lectivas. El uso de plataformas y aplicaciones de aprendizaje en línea se vio reforzado. La mayoría de los/as participantes señalaron que poseían los recursos y las condiciones para trabajar en línea.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80550439" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="183838" href="https://aveiro.academia.edu/RuiRaposo">Rui Raposo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="183838" type="text/json">{"id":183838,"first_name":"Rui","last_name":"Raposo","domain_name":"aveiro","page_name":"RuiRaposo","display_name":"Rui Raposo","profile_url":"https://aveiro.academia.edu/RuiRaposo?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183838/73715095/62200470/s65_rui.raposo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80550439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80550439"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80550439, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80550439", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_80550439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80550439; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_80550439"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_80550439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="80550439"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 80550439; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=80550439]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_80550439").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_80550439").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="80550439"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2621" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education">Higher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2621" type="text/json">{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3585" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE">MOODLE</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3585" type="text/json">{"id":3585,"name":"MOODLE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24943" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning">Distance Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24943" type="text/json">{"id":24943,"name":"Distance Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=80550439]'), work: {"id":80550439,"title":"Enseñanza y aprendizaje en línea durante la pandemia de Covid-19: El caso de la educación superior pública portuguesa","created_at":"2022-06-02T10:41:44.974-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/80550439/Ense%C3%B1anza_y_aprendizaje_en_l%C3%ADnea_durante_la_pandemia_de_Covid_19_El_caso_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n_superior_p%C3%BAblica_portuguesa?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_80550439","summary":"En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer normativas y elaborar planes de apoyo capaces de respaldar una adopción más amplia y generalizada de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en los contextos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos a partir de un estudio nacional en Portugal con objeto de comprender mejor los cambios introducidos en el funcionamiento de las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior Portuguesas (IPESP), desde la perspectiva de los/as alumnos/as y la de los/as profesores/as cuya actividad lectiva presencial se vio interrumpida. El principal instrumento para la recogida de datos fue una encuesta en línea, a la que contestaron 1908 alumnos/as y 453 profesores/as en el período comprendido entre el 4 de mayo y el 24 de junio de 2020. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que las IPESP facilitaron información, principalmente por correo electrónico, no solo sobre la pandemia, sino también sobre las actividades lectivas. El uso de plataformas y aplicaciones de aprendizaje en línea se vio reforzado. La mayoría de los/as participantes señalaron que poseían los recursos y las condiciones para trabajar en línea.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":183838,"first_name":"Rui","last_name":"Raposo","domain_name":"aveiro","page_name":"RuiRaposo","display_name":"Rui Raposo","profile_url":"https://aveiro.academia.edu/RuiRaposo?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/183838/73715095/62200470/s65_rui.raposo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3585,"name":"MOODLE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":24943,"name":"Distance Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":84219,"name":"Elearning and Distance Learning Eductaion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning_and_Distance_Learning_Eductaion?f_ri=794527"},{"id":492612,"name":"bLearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/bLearning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":599275,"name":"Face-To-Face Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Face-To-Face_Learning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1007492,"name":"Online Platform","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Platform?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1193280,"name":"Elearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2332262,"name":"Google Classrom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Google_Classrom?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3433204,"name":"Higher Education Professors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education_Professors?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3815637,"name":"Microsoft Teams","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microsoft_Teams?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3832902,"name":"Disavantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disavantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38287387" data-work_id="38287387" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38287387/Nutzen_Merkmal_Vorteil_storytelling_Technik_Woerterbuch_deutsch_englisch_franzoesisch_Uebersetzung_">Nutzen Merkmal Vorteil storytelling: Technik-Woerterbuch (deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch Uebersetzung)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">STORYTELLING: Sie wollen folgendes Anliegen bzw. Problem lösen: Uebersetzer + Dolmetscher haben den Wunsch: Technik-Fachbegriffe sollen in drei Uebersetzungsrichtungen auffindbar sein: - von deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch - von... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38287387" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">STORYTELLING:<br />Sie wollen folgendes Anliegen bzw. Problem lösen:<br />Uebersetzer + Dolmetscher haben den Wunsch:<br />Technik-Fachbegriffe sollen in drei Uebersetzungsrichtungen auffindbar sein:<br />- von deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch <br />- von franzoesisch-deutsch-englisch<br />- englisch-deutsch-franzoesisch<br /><br />LÖSUNG des Problems:<br />TITEL:<br />(ISBN 3000568980)<br />TECHNISCHES FRANZOESISCH (Technical French)<br />CD-ROM (mehrsprachig)<br />TECHNIK-Woerterbuch <br />Uebersetzungen in deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch + fr-de-en + en-de-fr:<br />(Kommunikationstechnik/ Halbleiter/ Integrierte Schaltkreise/ Hydraulik/ Pneumatik/ Fördertechnik/ Metalltechnik/ Antriebstechnik/ Automatisierungstechnik/ Kfz-Mechatronik/ Elektrizitaet/ Elektronik/ Elektrotechnik/ Werkzeugmaschinen/ Maschinenwesen/ Maschinenbau/ Computertechnik bzw. Informationstechnik/ Telekommunikationstechnik/ Kältetechnik/ Klimatechnik/ Transporttechnik/ Erneuerbare Energien/ Umwelttechnik/ Textiltechnik/ Wassertechnik)<br />LINK zum Bestellen + Leseproben:<br /><a href="https://www.amazon.de/dp/3000568980" rel="nofollow">https://www.amazon.de/dp/3000568980</a><br /><br /> <br />KUNDEN-NUTZEN:<br />- Uebersetzungen in 3 Sprachrichtungen:<br />deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch + fr-de-en + en-de-fr<br />- Einfache Bedienung<br />besondere Merkmale<br />- Sehr umfangreicher Wortschatz:  240 000 Fachbegriffe<br />- Auch Wortverbindungen sind auffrufbar.<br />- Auch komplette Saetze von deutsch-franzoesich kann man aufrufen.<br />- Fachwoerter zum Thema: Schweissen sind auch vorhanden.<br />- Gutes Preis/ Leistungsverhälnis<br /><br />Vorteil:<br />- Ausführung als CD-ROM oder als USB-STICK<br /><br />Weitere Bereiche:<br />(Schweissen, Mechanik, Fertigungstechnik, Produktionstechnik, Messen-Steuern-Regeln, Montagetechnik, Elektromechanik, Informatik, EDV,  Automobiltechnik bzw. Kfz-Technik, bzw. Kraftfahrzeugtechnik bzw. KFZ-Elektronik )<br /><br />Zielgruppenbeschreibung:<br />Automobilbranche:<br />• Automechaniker<br />• Fahrzeug-Elektriker<br />• Fahrzeug-Elektroniker<br />• Kraftfahrzeugtechniker<br />• Automobil-Assistent<br />• Automobil-Fachmann<br />• Kfz-Mechatroniker<br />• Kfz-Mechaniker<br />• Kraftfahrzeug-Mechatroniker Automotive Mechatronics Technician<br />• Kraftfahrzeugservicemechaniker Automotive Service Mechanic<br />• Automobil-Mechatroniker<br />• Ingenieur-Fahrzeugtechnik<br />• Ingenieur-Fahrzeugbau<br />• Auto-Berufe<br />• KFZ-Berufe<br />Weitere Zielgruppen:<br />• Technische Dokumentation (Mitarbeiter) (technical documentation)<br />• Technische Redakteure + Autoren (technical writer)<br />• Mechatroniker-Weiterbildung + Umschulung<br />• Sprachunterricht (language teaching)<br />• Automatiker-Lehre: Französisch lernen<br />• Automatiker-Lehre: englisch uebersetzen<br />• Berufsausbildung Mechatroniker<br />• Berufsausbildung Elektroniker<br />• Übersetzer (translator; traducteur)<br />• freiberuflicher Dolmetscher (freelance interpreter)<br />• der Übersetzer-Dolmetscher (le traducteur-interprète)<br />• Studenten (Maschinenbau / Elektrotechnik / Informatik / Mechatronik)<br />• Lehrer<br />• Schüler (Berufsschule)<br />• Azubis (Mechatroniker)<br /><br />bzw.<br />CD-ROM dictionnaire/ vocabulaire: Mécatronique (allemand + anglais + français)<br />(motopropulseur/ transmissions/ carrosserie/ liaisons au sol/ équipement-électrique/ climatisation,<br />technique, appareillage électrique, métrologie industrielle, technique de commande, électrotechnique, construction mécanique, informatique, semi-conducteurs, télécommunications, circuits intégrés, machine-outil, manutention, hydraulique)<br />bzw.<br />german-english-french dictionary<br />communication technology/ automotive/ automobile engineering/ vehicle automobile/ car-terms/<br />automation / electronic engineering / electrical engineering/ mechanical engineering /information technology<br />Impressum:<br />Mechatronik- Verlag Lehrmittel-Wagner (Lernsoftware + ebooks)<br />Technischer Autor Dipl.-Ing. (FH), Elektrotechnik<br />Markus Wagner<br />Im Grundgewann 32a<br />Germany; 63500 Seligenstadt<br />USt-IdNr: DE238350635<br />Tel.: 06182/22908<br />Fax: 06182843098</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38287387" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="29c11020a6d495b3a89039500ebbd928" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58333839,"asset_id":38287387,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58333839/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30140294" href="https://h-da.academia.edu/MarkusWagner">Markus Wagner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30140294" type="text/json">{"id":30140294,"first_name":"Markus","last_name":"Wagner","domain_name":"h-da","page_name":"MarkusWagner","display_name":"Markus Wagner","profile_url":"https://h-da.academia.edu/MarkusWagner?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30140294/8713493/26369165/s65_markus.wagner.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38287387 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38287387"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38287387, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38287387", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38287387 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38287387; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38287387"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38287387 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38287387"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38287387; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38287387]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38287387").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38287387").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38287387"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3457" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching">Learning and Teaching</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3457" type="text/json">{"id":3457,"name":"Learning and Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5591" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocabulary">Vocabulary</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5591" type="text/json">{"id":5591,"name":"Vocabulary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocabulary?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6148" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German_Language">German Language</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6148" type="text/json">{"id":6148,"name":"German Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German_Language?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38287387]'), work: {"id":38287387,"title":"Nutzen Merkmal Vorteil storytelling: Technik-Woerterbuch (deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch Uebersetzung)","created_at":"2019-02-04T20:30:28.174-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38287387/Nutzen_Merkmal_Vorteil_storytelling_Technik_Woerterbuch_deutsch_englisch_franzoesisch_Uebersetzung_?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_38287387","summary":"STORYTELLING:\nSie wollen folgendes Anliegen bzw. Problem lösen:\nUebersetzer + Dolmetscher haben den Wunsch:\nTechnik-Fachbegriffe sollen in drei Uebersetzungsrichtungen auffindbar sein:\n-\tvon deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch \n-\tvon franzoesisch-deutsch-englisch\n-\tenglisch-deutsch-franzoesisch\n\nLÖSUNG des Problems:\nTITEL:\n(ISBN 3000568980)\nTECHNISCHES FRANZOESISCH (Technical French)\nCD-ROM (mehrsprachig)\nTECHNIK-Woerterbuch \nUebersetzungen in deutsch-englisch-franzoesisch + fr-de-en + en-de-fr:\n(Kommunikationstechnik/ Halbleiter/ Integrierte Schaltkreise/ Hydraulik/ Pneumatik/ Fördertechnik/ Metalltechnik/ Antriebstechnik/ Automatisierungstechnik/ Kfz-Mechatronik/ Elektrizitaet/ Elektronik/ Elektrotechnik/ Werkzeugmaschinen/ Maschinenwesen/ Maschinenbau/ Computertechnik bzw. Informationstechnik/ Telekommunikationstechnik/ Kältetechnik/ Klimatechnik/ Transporttechnik/ Erneuerbare Energien/ Umwelttechnik/ Textiltechnik/ Wassertechnik)\nLINK zum Bestellen + Leseproben:\nhttps://www.amazon.de/dp/3000568980\n\n \nKUNDEN-NUTZEN:\n-\tUebersetzungen in 3 Sprachrichtungen:\ndeutsch-englisch-franzoesisch + fr-de-en + en-de-fr\n-\tEinfache Bedienung\nbesondere Merkmale\n-\tSehr umfangreicher Wortschatz: 240 000 Fachbegriffe\n-\tAuch Wortverbindungen sind auffrufbar.\n-\tAuch komplette Saetze von deutsch-franzoesich kann man aufrufen.\n-\tFachwoerter zum Thema: Schweissen sind auch vorhanden.\n-\tGutes Preis/ Leistungsverhälnis\n\nVorteil:\n-\tAusführung als CD-ROM oder als USB-STICK\n\nWeitere Bereiche:\n(Schweissen, Mechanik, Fertigungstechnik, Produktionstechnik, Messen-Steuern-Regeln, Montagetechnik, Elektromechanik, Informatik, EDV, Automobiltechnik bzw. Kfz-Technik, bzw. Kraftfahrzeugtechnik bzw. KFZ-Elektronik )\n\nZielgruppenbeschreibung:\nAutomobilbranche:\n•\tAutomechaniker\n•\tFahrzeug-Elektriker\n•\tFahrzeug-Elektroniker\n•\tKraftfahrzeugtechniker\n•\tAutomobil-Assistent\n•\tAutomobil-Fachmann\n•\tKfz-Mechatroniker\n•\tKfz-Mechaniker\n•\tKraftfahrzeug-Mechatroniker Automotive Mechatronics Technician\n•\tKraftfahrzeugservicemechaniker Automotive Service Mechanic\n•\tAutomobil-Mechatroniker\n•\tIngenieur-Fahrzeugtechnik\n•\tIngenieur-Fahrzeugbau\n•\tAuto-Berufe\n•\tKFZ-Berufe\nWeitere Zielgruppen:\n•\tTechnische Dokumentation (Mitarbeiter) (technical documentation)\n•\tTechnische Redakteure + Autoren (technical writer)\n•\tMechatroniker-Weiterbildung + Umschulung\n•\tSprachunterricht (language teaching)\n•\tAutomatiker-Lehre: Französisch lernen\n•\tAutomatiker-Lehre: englisch uebersetzen\n•\tBerufsausbildung Mechatroniker\n•\tBerufsausbildung Elektroniker\n•\tÜbersetzer (translator; traducteur)\n•\tfreiberuflicher Dolmetscher (freelance interpreter)\n•\tder Übersetzer-Dolmetscher (le traducteur-interprète)\n•\tStudenten (Maschinenbau / Elektrotechnik / Informatik / Mechatronik)\n•\tLehrer\n•\tSchüler (Berufsschule)\n•\tAzubis (Mechatroniker)\n\nbzw.\nCD-ROM dictionnaire/ vocabulaire: Mécatronique (allemand + anglais + français)\n(motopropulseur/ transmissions/ carrosserie/ liaisons au sol/ équipement-électrique/ climatisation,\ntechnique, appareillage électrique, métrologie industrielle, technique de commande, électrotechnique, construction mécanique, informatique, semi-conducteurs, télécommunications, circuits intégrés, machine-outil, manutention, hydraulique)\nbzw.\ngerman-english-french dictionary\ncommunication technology/ automotive/ automobile engineering/ vehicle automobile/ car-terms/\nautomation / electronic engineering / electrical engineering/ mechanical engineering /information technology\nImpressum:\nMechatronik- Verlag Lehrmittel-Wagner (Lernsoftware + ebooks)\nTechnischer Autor Dipl.-Ing. (FH), Elektrotechnik\nMarkus Wagner\nIm Grundgewann 32a\nGermany; 63500 Seligenstadt\nUSt-IdNr: DE238350635\nTel.: 06182/22908\nFax: 06182843098","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58333839,"asset_id":38287387,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30140294,"first_name":"Markus","last_name":"Wagner","domain_name":"h-da","page_name":"MarkusWagner","display_name":"Markus Wagner","profile_url":"https://h-da.academia.edu/MarkusWagner?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30140294/8713493/26369165/s65_markus.wagner.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3457,"name":"Learning and Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":5591,"name":"Vocabulary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vocabulary?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":6148,"name":"German Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/German_Language?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":6223,"name":"English","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English?f_ri=794527"},{"id":6492,"name":"Storytelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storytelling?f_ri=794527"},{"id":8000,"name":"French language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French_language?f_ri=794527"},{"id":22688,"name":"Electronics and communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electronics_and_communication?f_ri=794527"},{"id":34735,"name":"Features","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Features?f_ri=794527"},{"id":38244,"name":"French","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/French?f_ri=794527"},{"id":74810,"name":"Dictionary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dictionary?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28171417" data-work_id="28171417" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28171417/Nationale_und_internationale_Perspektiven_auf_exklusive_Bildungsinstitutionen_Elitebildung_und_Bildungsprivilegien">Nationale und internationale Perspektiven auf exklusive Bildungsinstitutionen, Elitebildung und Bildungsprivilegien</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Sample review of 1. Werner Helsper, Heinz-Hermann Krüger (Hrsg.): Auswahl der Bildungsklientel. Zur Her-stellung von Selektivität in „exklusiven“ Bildungsinstitutionen. Wiesbaden: Springer VS 2015. 417 S. ISBN 978-3-658-09375-4. Preis:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28171417" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sample review of <br /><br />1. Werner Helsper, Heinz-Hermann Krüger (Hrsg.): Auswahl der Bildungsklientel. Zur Her-stellung von Selektivität in „exklusiven“ Bildungsinstitutionen. Wiesbaden: Springer VS 2015. 417 S. ISBN 978-3-658-09375-4. Preis: Euro 44,99.<br /><br />2. Claire Maxwell, Peter Aggleton (Hrsg.): Elite Education. International perspectives. Lon-don, New York: Routledge 2015. 220 S. ISBN 978-1-138-79961-5 Titel anhand dieser ISBN in Citavi-Projekt übernehmen. Preis: Euro 49,22.<br /><br />3. Agnes van Zanten, Stephen J. Ball, Brigitte Darchy-Koechlin (Hrsg.): World Yearbook of Education 2015: Elites, Privilege and Excellence: The National and Global Redefinition of Advantage. London, New York: Routledge 2015. 246 S. ISBN 978-1-138-78642-4 Titel anhand dieser ISBN in Citavi-Projekt übernehmen. Euro 138,78.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28171417" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="79e5ce8f44cf75aa85b54d53f97e64d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48485423,"asset_id":28171417,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48485423/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5191162" href="https://tu-chemnitz.academia.edu/UlrikeDeppe">Ulrike Deppe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5191162" type="text/json">{"id":5191162,"first_name":"Ulrike","last_name":"Deppe","domain_name":"tu-chemnitz","page_name":"UlrikeDeppe","display_name":"Ulrike Deppe","profile_url":"https://tu-chemnitz.academia.edu/UlrikeDeppe?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5191162/2287056/24980819/s65_ulrike.deppe.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28171417 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28171417"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28171417, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28171417", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28171417 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28171417; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28171417"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28171417 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28171417"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28171417; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28171417]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28171417").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28171417").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28171417"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42694" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elite_education">Elite education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="42694" type="text/json">{"id":42694,"name":"Elite education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elite_education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51148" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_and_privilege">Power and privilege</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51148" type="text/json">{"id":51148,"name":"Power and privilege","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_and_privilege?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="228116" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Elites_and_Elite_Education">History of Elites & Elite Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="228116" type="text/json">{"id":228116,"name":"History of Elites \u0026 Elite Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Elites_and_Elite_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498876" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_selection">Student selection</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="498876" type="text/json">{"id":498876,"name":"Student selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_selection?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28171417]'), work: {"id":28171417,"title":"Nationale und internationale Perspektiven auf exklusive Bildungsinstitutionen, Elitebildung und Bildungsprivilegien","created_at":"2016-09-01T02:14:08.950-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28171417/Nationale_und_internationale_Perspektiven_auf_exklusive_Bildungsinstitutionen_Elitebildung_und_Bildungsprivilegien?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_28171417","summary":"Sample review of \n\n1. Werner Helsper, Heinz-Hermann Krüger (Hrsg.): Auswahl der Bildungsklientel. Zur Her-stellung von Selektivität in „exklusiven“ Bildungsinstitutionen. Wiesbaden: Springer VS 2015. 417 S. ISBN 978-3-658-09375-4. Preis: Euro 44,99.\n\n2. Claire Maxwell, Peter Aggleton (Hrsg.): Elite Education. International perspectives. Lon-don, New York: Routledge 2015. 220 S. ISBN 978-1-138-79961-5 Titel anhand dieser ISBN in Citavi-Projekt übernehmen. Preis: Euro 49,22.\n\n3. Agnes van Zanten, Stephen J. Ball, Brigitte Darchy-Koechlin (Hrsg.): World Yearbook of Education 2015: Elites, Privilege and Excellence: The National and Global Redefinition of Advantage. London, New York: Routledge 2015. 246 S. ISBN 978-1-138-78642-4 Titel anhand dieser ISBN in Citavi-Projekt übernehmen. Euro 138,78.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48485423,"asset_id":28171417,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5191162,"first_name":"Ulrike","last_name":"Deppe","domain_name":"tu-chemnitz","page_name":"UlrikeDeppe","display_name":"Ulrike Deppe","profile_url":"https://tu-chemnitz.academia.edu/UlrikeDeppe?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5191162/2287056/24980819/s65_ulrike.deppe.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":42694,"name":"Elite education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elite_education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":51148,"name":"Power and privilege","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_and_privilege?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":228116,"name":"History of Elites \u0026 Elite Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Elites_and_Elite_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":498876,"name":"Student selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_selection?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77098286" data-work_id="77098286" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77098286/Virtual_Reality_in_Museums_Exploring_the_Experiences_of_Museum_Professionals">Virtual Reality in Museums: Exploring the Experiences of Museum Professionals</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The past few years have seen an increase in the use of virtual reality (VR) in museum environments in an attempt for museums to embrace technological innovations and adapt to the challenges of the digital era. While there are studies that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77098286" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The past few years have seen an increase in the use of virtual reality (VR) in museum environments in an attempt for museums to embrace technological innovations and adapt to the challenges of the digital era. While there are studies that examine the advantages of VR in museums and visitors’ experiences with it, there are no studies examining the experiences of museum professionals who are responsible for a museum’s objects and narratives. The aim of this paper is to explore the practices, experiences, and perceptions of museum professionals on the use of VR technology in museums, their perceived advantages and challenges of such technologies, and their vision for the future of technology in museums. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of interviews with museum professionals from a number of countries around the world who worked with particular VR projects in their own institutions. The ultimate aim is to offer a more critical and holistic examination and assessment of the use o...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77098286" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4c483d8ac54b52becb69f260f8a5b61f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84557720,"asset_id":77098286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84557720/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="106729" href="https://cut.academia.edu/TheopistiStylianouLambert">Theopisti Stylianou-Lambert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="106729" type="text/json">{"id":106729,"first_name":"Theopisti","last_name":"Stylianou-Lambert","domain_name":"cut","page_name":"TheopistiStylianouLambert","display_name":"Theopisti Stylianou-Lambert","profile_url":"https://cut.academia.edu/TheopistiStylianouLambert?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/106729/29331/17605660/s65_theopisti.stylianou-lambert.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77098286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77098286"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77098286, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77098286", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_77098286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77098286; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_77098286"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_77098286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77098286"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77098286; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77098286]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77098286").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77098286").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77098286"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50642" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality">Virtual Reality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50642" type="text/json">{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159232" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Sciences">Applied Sciences</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159232" type="text/json">{"id":159232,"name":"Applied Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Sciences?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="533760" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges">Challenges</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="533760" type="text/json">{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77098286]'), work: {"id":77098286,"title":"Virtual Reality in Museums: Exploring the Experiences of Museum Professionals","created_at":"2022-04-20T10:45:52.427-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77098286/Virtual_Reality_in_Museums_Exploring_the_Experiences_of_Museum_Professionals?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_77098286","summary":"The past few years have seen an increase in the use of virtual reality (VR) in museum environments in an attempt for museums to embrace technological innovations and adapt to the challenges of the digital era. While there are studies that examine the advantages of VR in museums and visitors’ experiences with it, there are no studies examining the experiences of museum professionals who are responsible for a museum’s objects and narratives. The aim of this paper is to explore the practices, experiences, and perceptions of museum professionals on the use of VR technology in museums, their perceived advantages and challenges of such technologies, and their vision for the future of technology in museums. The paper provides an in-depth analysis of interviews with museum professionals from a number of countries around the world who worked with particular VR projects in their own institutions. The ultimate aim is to offer a more critical and holistic examination and assessment of the use o...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84557720,"asset_id":77098286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":106729,"first_name":"Theopisti","last_name":"Stylianou-Lambert","domain_name":"cut","page_name":"TheopistiStylianouLambert","display_name":"Theopisti Stylianou-Lambert","profile_url":"https://cut.academia.edu/TheopistiStylianouLambert?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/106729/29331/17605660/s65_theopisti.stylianou-lambert.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":159232,"name":"Applied Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Sciences?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":533760,"name":"Challenges","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Challenges?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76212325" data-work_id="76212325" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/76212325/Ense%C3%B1anza_y_aprendizaje_en_l%C3%ADnea_durante_la_pandemia_de_Covid_19_El_caso_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n_superior_p%C3%BAblica_portuguesa">Enseñanza y aprendizaje en línea durante la pandemia de Covid-19: El caso de la educación superior pública portuguesa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76212325" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer normativas y elaborar planes de apoyo capaces de respaldar una adopción más amplia y generalizada de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en los contextos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos a partir de un estudio nacional en Portugal con objeto de comprender mejor los cambios introducidos en el funcionamiento de las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior Portuguesas (IPESP), desde la perspectiva de los/as alumnos/as y la de los/as profesores/as cuya actividad lectiva presencial se vio interrumpida. El principal instrumento para la recogida de datos fue una encuesta en línea, a la que contestaron 1908 alumnos/as y 453 profesores/as en el período comprendido entre el 4 de mayo y el 24 de junio de 2020. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que las IPESP facilitaron información, principalmente por correo electrónico, no solo sobre la pandemia, sino también sobre las actividades lectivas. El uso de plataformas y aplicaciones de aprendizaje en línea se vio reforzado. La mayoría de los/as participantes señalaron que poseían los recursos y las condiciones para trabajar en línea.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76212325" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1311938" href="https://ipg.academia.edu/VitorRoque">Vitor Roque</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1311938" type="text/json">{"id":1311938,"first_name":"Vitor","last_name":"Roque","domain_name":"ipg","page_name":"VitorRoque","display_name":"Vitor Roque","profile_url":"https://ipg.academia.edu/VitorRoque?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1311938/484240/20211124/s65_vitor.roque.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76212325 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76212325"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76212325, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76212325", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_76212325 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76212325; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_76212325"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_76212325 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="76212325"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 76212325; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76212325]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76212325").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76212325").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76212325"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2621" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education">Higher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2621" type="text/json">{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3585" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE">MOODLE</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3585" type="text/json">{"id":3585,"name":"MOODLE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4486" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science">Political Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4486" type="text/json">{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24943" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning">Distance Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24943" type="text/json">{"id":24943,"name":"Distance Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76212325]'), work: {"id":76212325,"title":"Enseñanza y aprendizaje en línea durante la pandemia de Covid-19: El caso de la educación superior pública portuguesa","created_at":"2022-04-12T04:00:31.372-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76212325/Ense%C3%B1anza_y_aprendizaje_en_l%C3%ADnea_durante_la_pandemia_de_Covid_19_El_caso_de_la_educaci%C3%B3n_superior_p%C3%BAblica_portuguesa?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_76212325","summary":"En todo el mundo, debido a la emergencia sanitaria internacional provocada por la Covid-19, las Instituciones de Educación Superior se vieron obligadas a revisar sus prácticas y, en poco tiempo, a diseñar estrategias, establecer normativas y elaborar planes de apoyo capaces de respaldar una adopción más amplia y generalizada de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en los contextos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Este artículo presenta los resultados obtenidos a partir de un estudio nacional en Portugal con objeto de comprender mejor los cambios introducidos en el funcionamiento de las Instituciones Públicas de Educación Superior Portuguesas (IPESP), desde la perspectiva de los/as alumnos/as y la de los/as profesores/as cuya actividad lectiva presencial se vio interrumpida. El principal instrumento para la recogida de datos fue una encuesta en línea, a la que contestaron 1908 alumnos/as y 453 profesores/as en el período comprendido entre el 4 de mayo y el 24 de junio de 2020. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que las IPESP facilitaron información, principalmente por correo electrónico, no solo sobre la pandemia, sino también sobre las actividades lectivas. El uso de plataformas y aplicaciones de aprendizaje en línea se vio reforzado. La mayoría de los/as participantes señalaron que poseían los recursos y las condiciones para trabajar en línea.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1311938,"first_name":"Vitor","last_name":"Roque","domain_name":"ipg","page_name":"VitorRoque","display_name":"Vitor Roque","profile_url":"https://ipg.academia.edu/VitorRoque?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1311938/484240/20211124/s65_vitor.roque.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3585,"name":"MOODLE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOODLE?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":24943,"name":"Distance Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":84219,"name":"Elearning and Distance Learning Eductaion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning_and_Distance_Learning_Eductaion?f_ri=794527"},{"id":492612,"name":"bLearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/bLearning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":599275,"name":"Face-To-Face Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Face-To-Face_Learning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1007492,"name":"Online Platform","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Platform?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1193280,"name":"Elearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning?f_ri=794527"},{"id":2332262,"name":"Google Classrom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Google_Classrom?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3433204,"name":"Higher Education Professors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education_Professors?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3815637,"name":"Microsoft Teams","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microsoft_Teams?f_ri=794527"},{"id":3832902,"name":"Disavantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disavantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43535458" data-work_id="43535458" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43535458/DAY_17_Study_Abroad">DAY-17 Study Abroad</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Study abroad memberikan kita kesempatan untuk merasakan lebih banyak petualangan dan mendapatkan lebih banyak pengalaman selama perjalanan kita menempuh pendidikan.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43535458" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6810fad9ac80d470e34e9f60f8d078f4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63847379,"asset_id":43535458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63847379/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28847884" href="https://independent.academia.edu/anandasabilla">ananda sabilla</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28847884" type="text/json">{"id":28847884,"first_name":"ananda","last_name":"sabilla","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"anandasabilla","display_name":"ananda sabilla","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/anandasabilla?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28847884/8196826/35321080/s65_ananda.sabilla.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43535458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43535458"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43535458, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43535458", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43535458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43535458; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43535458"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43535458 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43535458"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43535458; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43535458]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43535458").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43535458").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43535458"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23399" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reasons">Reasons</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23399" type="text/json">{"id":23399,"name":"Reasons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reasons?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41375" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_Abroad">Study Abroad</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41375" type="text/json">{"id":41375,"name":"Study Abroad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_Abroad?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43535458]'), work: {"id":43535458,"title":"DAY-17 Study Abroad","created_at":"2020-07-06T16:45:53.814-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43535458/DAY_17_Study_Abroad?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_43535458","summary":"Study abroad memberikan kita kesempatan untuk merasakan lebih banyak petualangan dan mendapatkan lebih banyak pengalaman selama perjalanan kita menempuh pendidikan.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63847379,"asset_id":43535458,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28847884,"first_name":"ananda","last_name":"sabilla","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"anandasabilla","display_name":"ananda sabilla","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/anandasabilla?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/28847884/8196826/35321080/s65_ananda.sabilla.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23399,"name":"Reasons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reasons?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":41375,"name":"Study Abroad","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Study_Abroad?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9413820" data-work_id="9413820" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9413820/LAS_TECNOLOG%C3%8DAS_DE_INFORMACI%C3%93N_Y_DE_COMUNICACI%C3%93N_TIC_UN_COMPONENTE_ESENCIAL_DE_LA_INVESTIGACI%C3%93N_EN_CIENCIAS_HUMANAS">LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE INFORMACIÓN Y DE COMUNICACIÓN (TIC): UN COMPONENTE ESENCIAL DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN CIENCIAS HUMANAS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El presente artículo busca descubrir al especialista o al investigador en Humanidades la gama de oportunidades que ofrecen las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) para ayudarle en su trabajo del proceso de... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9413820" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El  presente  artículo  busca  descubrir  al  especialista  o  al  investigador  en  Humanidades  la  gama  de oportunidades que ofrecen las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) para ayudarle en su trabajo del proceso de investigación. ¿Pueden las TIC participar realmente del proceso de investigación en las Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades? ¿Las TIC se convierten en un valor agregado real para la investigación? ¿Realmente cambian las prácticas de los investigadores? ¿Cómo usarlas en forma efectiva en la investigación? ¿Cómo contribuyen las TIC a la  formación  en  la  investigación?  Éstas  son  algunas  de  las  interrogantes  que  se  abordarán  en  e ste  artículo. Asimismo, se proporcionan pistas sobre el uso de las TIC al servicio de la investigación en Ciencias Humanas, ya sea que se trate del desarrollo de la problemática, la elaboración del marco teórico, el desarrollo de la metodología, recolección y análisis de datos, o incluso la difusión de los resultados de la investigación. El objetivo del presente estudio es contribuir a la utilización más integrada y estratégica de las erramientas tecnológicas disponibles durante todas las etapas de la investigación.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9413820" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="661462b8198f0136302141bd2ddd913f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35658789,"asset_id":9413820,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35658789/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21223682" href="https://ucr.academia.edu/RevistaActualidadesInvestigativasenEducaci%C3%B3n">Revista Actualidades Investigativas en Educación</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21223682" type="text/json">{"id":21223682,"first_name":"Revista Actualidades","last_name":"Investigativas en Educación","domain_name":"ucr","page_name":"RevistaActualidadesInvestigativasenEducación","display_name":"Revista Actualidades Investigativas en Educación","profile_url":"https://ucr.academia.edu/RevistaActualidadesInvestigativasenEducaci%C3%B3n?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21223682/5881809/17304886/s65_revista_actualidades.investigativas_en_educaci_n.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9413820 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9413820"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9413820, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9413820", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9413820 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9413820; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9413820"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9413820 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9413820"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9413820; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9413820]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9413820").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9413820").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9413820"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="89502" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_and_Communication_Technologies">Information and Communication Technologies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="89502" type="text/json">{"id":89502,"name":"Information and Communication Technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_and_Communication_Technologies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="124749" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tecnologias_de_la_Informacion_y_Comunicacion">Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="124749" type="text/json">{"id":124749,"name":"Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tecnologias_de_la_Informacion_y_Comunicacion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="851522" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventajas">Ventajas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="851522" type="text/json">{"id":851522,"name":"Ventajas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventajas?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9413820]'), work: {"id":9413820,"title":"LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE INFORMACIÓN Y DE COMUNICACIÓN (TIC): UN COMPONENTE ESENCIAL DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN EN CIENCIAS HUMANAS","created_at":"2014-11-20T06:22:27.715-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9413820/LAS_TECNOLOG%C3%8DAS_DE_INFORMACI%C3%93N_Y_DE_COMUNICACI%C3%93N_TIC_UN_COMPONENTE_ESENCIAL_DE_LA_INVESTIGACI%C3%93N_EN_CIENCIAS_HUMANAS?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_9413820","summary":"El presente artículo busca descubrir al especialista o al investigador en Humanidades la gama de oportunidades que ofrecen las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) para ayudarle en su trabajo del proceso de investigación. ¿Pueden las TIC participar realmente del proceso de investigación en las Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades? ¿Las TIC se convierten en un valor agregado real para la investigación? ¿Realmente cambian las prácticas de los investigadores? ¿Cómo usarlas en forma efectiva en la investigación? ¿Cómo contribuyen las TIC a la formación en la investigación? Éstas son algunas de las interrogantes que se abordarán en e ste artículo. Asimismo, se proporcionan pistas sobre el uso de las TIC al servicio de la investigación en Ciencias Humanas, ya sea que se trate del desarrollo de la problemática, la elaboración del marco teórico, el desarrollo de la metodología, recolección y análisis de datos, o incluso la difusión de los resultados de la investigación. El objetivo del presente estudio es contribuir a la utilización más integrada y estratégica de las erramientas tecnológicas disponibles durante todas las etapas de la investigación.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35658789,"asset_id":9413820,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21223682,"first_name":"Revista Actualidades","last_name":"Investigativas en Educación","domain_name":"ucr","page_name":"RevistaActualidadesInvestigativasenEducación","display_name":"Revista Actualidades Investigativas en Educación","profile_url":"https://ucr.academia.edu/RevistaActualidadesInvestigativasenEducaci%C3%B3n?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21223682/5881809/17304886/s65_revista_actualidades.investigativas_en_educaci_n.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":89502,"name":"Information and Communication Technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_and_Communication_Technologies?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":124749,"name":"Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tecnologias_de_la_Informacion_y_Comunicacion?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":851522,"name":"Ventajas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ventajas?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7430271" data-work_id="7430271" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7430271/Strategic_Financial_Management_Part_A_Foreign_Direct_Investment_FDI_Foreign_Institutional_Investment">Strategic Financial Management Part – A Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Foreign Institutional Investment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7430271" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e6531e89fb3033d55e1d95d7edb6d5eb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34014207,"asset_id":7430271,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34014207/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13196169" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KartikeyaSingh1">Kartikeya Singh</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13196169" type="text/json">{"id":13196169,"first_name":"Kartikeya","last_name":"Singh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KartikeyaSingh1","display_name":"Kartikeya Singh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KartikeyaSingh1?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13196169/77935651/66479755/s65_kartikeya.singh.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7430271 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7430271"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7430271, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7430271", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7430271 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7430271; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7430271"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7430271 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7430271"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7430271; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7430271]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7430271").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7430271").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7430271"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance">Finance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="47" type="text/json">{"id":47,"name":"Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3490" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting">Accounting</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3490" type="text/json">{"id":3490,"name":"Accounting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="870756" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuring">Structuring</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="870756" type="text/json">{"id":870756,"name":"Structuring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuring?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7430271]'), work: {"id":7430271,"title":"Strategic Financial Management Part – A Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Foreign Institutional Investment","created_at":"2014-06-22T21:53:59.183-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7430271/Strategic_Financial_Management_Part_A_Foreign_Direct_Investment_FDI_Foreign_Institutional_Investment?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_7430271","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34014207,"asset_id":7430271,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13196169,"first_name":"Kartikeya","last_name":"Singh","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"KartikeyaSingh1","display_name":"Kartikeya Singh","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KartikeyaSingh1?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13196169/77935651/66479755/s65_kartikeya.singh.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":47,"name":"Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finance?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3490,"name":"Accounting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":870756,"name":"Structuring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuring?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":1180002,"name":"Disadvantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_82493990" data-work_id="82493990" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/82493990/Additive_Manufacturing">Additive Manufacturing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Additive manufacturing is a recent trend in manufacturing processes due to its many advantages. It can be defined as the process of manufacturing parts by depositing materials layer by layer. It has been a subject of intense study and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_82493990" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Additive manufacturing is a recent trend in manufacturing processes due to its many advantages. It can be defined as the process of manufacturing parts by depositing materials layer by layer. It has been a subject of intense study and examination by many scholars. The development of additive manufacturing as a leading technology and its different stages will be discussed. The importance of partial orientation, construction time estimates and cost calculations were also discussed. A notable aspect of this work was the identification of problems associated with different additive manufacturing methods. Due to the imperfections of additive manufacturing, its hybridization with other methods, such as subtraction manufacturing, has been highlighted. I.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/82493990" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dabe85b30c7ab3d0e90b7f66df12e9e3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":88185431,"asset_id":82493990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88185431/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6079060" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IJRASETPublication">IJRASET Publication</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6079060" type="text/json">{"id":6079060,"first_name":"IJRASET","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IJRASETPublication","display_name":"IJRASET Publication","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IJRASETPublication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6079060/2549300/33111525/s65_ijraset.publication.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_82493990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="82493990"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 82493990, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_82493990", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_82493990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82493990; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_82493990"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_82493990 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="82493990"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 82493990; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=82493990]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_82493990").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_82493990").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="82493990"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8536" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hybridization">Hybridization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8536" type="text/json">{"id":8536,"name":"Hybridization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hybridization?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26635" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Additive_Manufacturing">Additive Manufacturing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26635" type="text/json">{"id":26635,"name":"Additive Manufacturing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Additive_Manufacturing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=82493990]'), work: {"id":82493990,"title":"Additive Manufacturing","created_at":"2022-07-02T04:26:46.439-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/82493990/Additive_Manufacturing?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_82493990","summary":"Additive manufacturing is a recent trend in manufacturing processes due to its many advantages. It can be defined as the process of manufacturing parts by depositing materials layer by layer. It has been a subject of intense study and examination by many scholars. The development of additive manufacturing as a leading technology and its different stages will be discussed. The importance of partial orientation, construction time estimates and cost calculations were also discussed. A notable aspect of this work was the identification of problems associated with different additive manufacturing methods. Due to the imperfections of additive manufacturing, its hybridization with other methods, such as subtraction manufacturing, has been highlighted. I.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":88185431,"asset_id":82493990,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6079060,"first_name":"IJRASET","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IJRASETPublication","display_name":"IJRASET Publication","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IJRASETPublication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6079060/2549300/33111525/s65_ijraset.publication.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8536,"name":"Hybridization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hybridization?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":26635,"name":"Additive Manufacturing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Additive_Manufacturing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70441948" data-work_id="70441948" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70441948/MOOCs_A_New_Means_of_Higher_Learning">MOOCs: A New Means of Higher Learning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">MOOCs are an innovative way to conduct teaching-learning in online, with the help of internet technology. The objectives of the study are to Know about the user friendly characteristics of MOOCS. Know the role of MOOCS as an alternative... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70441948" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">MOOCs are an innovative way to conduct teaching-learning in online, with the help of internet technology. The objectives of the study are to Know about the user friendly characteristics of MOOCS. Know the role of MOOCS as an alternative to traditional education, role of MOOCs in higher education. Explore the benefits of MOOCS and to know about the disadvantages of MOOCS. It is a qualitative research. The study is conducted on the bases of researcher observation and critically analysis of the providing facilities of MOOC S in higher education. MOOCs is so popular because it is based on learner centered pedagogy, select learner interest topic, Value oriented, Language is no barrier here, globally use, any time anywhere, Learning is so enjoyable. MOOCs are no alternative to traditional formal education but it is modified then traditional learning. The special role of MOOCs in higher education is it is a free platform, Access for all, Professional development, Provide new courses. Including above benefits there are some limitations of MOOCs are-absence of physical classroom, absence of teacher physical interaction, Here individual attention by the teacher is absent, in remote area where internet connection is week where it is a big problem, most courses are provided by English that's why language is one of the barriers, to assessment the students is difficult, interaction with teacher and other students is less.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70441948" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e2c7ad38b36e3b5122e1f7a59de4b451" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80193323,"asset_id":70441948,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80193323/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6079060" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IJRASETPublication">IJRASET Publication</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6079060" type="text/json">{"id":6079060,"first_name":"IJRASET","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IJRASETPublication","display_name":"IJRASET Publication","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IJRASETPublication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6079060/2549300/33111525/s65_ijraset.publication.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70441948 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70441948"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70441948, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70441948", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70441948 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70441948; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70441948"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70441948 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70441948"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70441948; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70441948]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70441948").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70441948").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70441948"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23589" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICT_in_Higher_Learning_Institutions">ICT in Higher Learning Institutions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23589" type="text/json">{"id":23589,"name":"ICT in Higher Learning Institutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICT_in_Higher_Learning_Institutions?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70441948]'), work: {"id":70441948,"title":"MOOCs: A New Means of Higher Learning","created_at":"2022-02-04T09:56:57.390-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70441948/MOOCs_A_New_Means_of_Higher_Learning?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_70441948","summary":"MOOCs are an innovative way to conduct teaching-learning in online, with the help of internet technology. The objectives of the study are to Know about the user friendly characteristics of MOOCS. Know the role of MOOCS as an alternative to traditional education, role of MOOCs in higher education. Explore the benefits of MOOCS and to know about the disadvantages of MOOCS. It is a qualitative research. The study is conducted on the bases of researcher observation and critically analysis of the providing facilities of MOOC S in higher education. MOOCs is so popular because it is based on learner centered pedagogy, select learner interest topic, Value oriented, Language is no barrier here, globally use, any time anywhere, Learning is so enjoyable. MOOCs are no alternative to traditional formal education but it is modified then traditional learning. The special role of MOOCs in higher education is it is a free platform, Access for all, Professional development, Provide new courses. Including above benefits there are some limitations of MOOCs are-absence of physical classroom, absence of teacher physical interaction, Here individual attention by the teacher is absent, in remote area where internet connection is week where it is a big problem, most courses are provided by English that's why language is one of the barriers, to assessment the students is difficult, interaction with teacher and other students is less.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80193323,"asset_id":70441948,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6079060,"first_name":"IJRASET","last_name":"Publication","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IJRASETPublication","display_name":"IJRASET Publication","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IJRASETPublication?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6079060/2549300/33111525/s65_ijraset.publication.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23589,"name":"ICT in Higher Learning Institutions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICT_in_Higher_Learning_Institutions?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44353176 coauthored" data-work_id="44353176" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44353176/Does_the_Ureteroscopy_has_Beneficial_Advantages_for_Urethral_Stricture_Evaluation_A_Prospective_Single_Center_Study_Citation">Does the Ureteroscopy has Beneficial Advantages for Urethral Stricture Evaluation: A Prospective Single Center Study Citation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Objectives: To assess the beneficial benefits of ureteroscopy for the evaluation and assessment of urethral stricture at the time of operation. Method: Data of all admitted patients with urethral stricture detected on urethrography and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44353176" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Objectives: To assess the beneficial benefits of ureteroscopy for the evaluation and assessment of urethral stricture at the time of operation. Method: Data of all admitted patients with urethral stricture detected on urethrography and uroflowmetry preoperatively that also confirmed with ureteroscopy at intraoperative period using a 7F ureteroscope who underwent direct vision internal urethrotomy from 2019-2020 were prospectively reviewed at Mogadishu Somali turkey training and research hospital. Based on ureteroscopic results, patients were classified into three different groups: Completely obliterated urethral stricture, very small caliber urethral stricture, and small-caliber urethral stricture. All patients with urethral stricture less than 18 years, patients with hypospadias surgery, patients requiring urethroplasty, bladder neck stenosis, and meatal stenosis were excluded from the study. Results: The total patients analyzed were 82 cases. After assessment and evaluation of the stricture with the ureteroscope under direct vision intraoperatively, completely obliterated urethral stricture were seen in 8.5% of the cases, very mall caliber urethral stricture was encountered in 53.65% of the cases while small-caliber urethral stricture was seen in 37.8% of the cases. Successful passage of semi-rigid ureteroscopes was reached in 90.24% of the cases. Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 481 Conclusion: Ureteroscopic evaluation of urethral stricture has a higher accuracy rate for confirmation and estimation of location, length, and severity of stricture at the intraoperative period and provides additional beneficial information despite preoperative radiologic assessments.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44353176" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a15b080b464862079e8eaa2d2e5275ba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64747397,"asset_id":44353176,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64747397/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59236323" href="https://utexas.academia.edu/FortuneJournals">Fortune Journals</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59236323" type="text/json">{"id":59236323,"first_name":"Fortune","last_name":"Journals","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"FortuneJournals","display_name":"Fortune Journals","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/FortuneJournals?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59236323/19917775/33201866/s65_fortune.journals.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-44353176">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-44353176"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AbdikarimMohamed25">Abdikarim Mohamed</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-44353176'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-44353176').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44353176 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44353176"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44353176, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44353176", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_44353176 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44353176; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_44353176"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_44353176 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="44353176"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 44353176; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44353176]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44353176").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44353176").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44353176"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44353176]'), work: {"id":44353176,"title":"Does the Ureteroscopy has Beneficial Advantages for Urethral Stricture Evaluation: A Prospective Single Center Study Citation","created_at":"2020-10-22T21:11:29.061-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44353176/Does_the_Ureteroscopy_has_Beneficial_Advantages_for_Urethral_Stricture_Evaluation_A_Prospective_Single_Center_Study_Citation?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_44353176","summary":"Objectives: To assess the beneficial benefits of ureteroscopy for the evaluation and assessment of urethral stricture at the time of operation. Method: Data of all admitted patients with urethral stricture detected on urethrography and uroflowmetry preoperatively that also confirmed with ureteroscopy at intraoperative period using a 7F ureteroscope who underwent direct vision internal urethrotomy from 2019-2020 were prospectively reviewed at Mogadishu Somali turkey training and research hospital. Based on ureteroscopic results, patients were classified into three different groups: Completely obliterated urethral stricture, very small caliber urethral stricture, and small-caliber urethral stricture. All patients with urethral stricture less than 18 years, patients with hypospadias surgery, patients requiring urethroplasty, bladder neck stenosis, and meatal stenosis were excluded from the study. Results: The total patients analyzed were 82 cases. After assessment and evaluation of the stricture with the ureteroscope under direct vision intraoperatively, completely obliterated urethral stricture were seen in 8.5% of the cases, very mall caliber urethral stricture was encountered in 53.65% of the cases while small-caliber urethral stricture was seen in 37.8% of the cases. Successful passage of semi-rigid ureteroscopes was reached in 90.24% of the cases. Journal of Cancer Science and Clinical Therapeutics 481 Conclusion: Ureteroscopic evaluation of urethral stricture has a higher accuracy rate for confirmation and estimation of location, length, and severity of stricture at the intraoperative period and provides additional beneficial information despite preoperative radiologic assessments.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64747397,"asset_id":44353176,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59236323,"first_name":"Fortune","last_name":"Journals","domain_name":"utexas","page_name":"FortuneJournals","display_name":"Fortune Journals","profile_url":"https://utexas.academia.edu/FortuneJournals?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59236323/19917775/33201866/s65_fortune.journals.png"},{"id":176634610,"first_name":"Abdikarim","last_name":"Mohamed","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AbdikarimMohamed25","display_name":"Abdikarim Mohamed","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AbdikarimMohamed25?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/176634610/106982646/96197796/s65_abdikarim.mohamed.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34984434" data-work_id="34984434" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34984434/Advantages_of_virtualization_of_cast_in_situ_composite_material_production_and_testing_stages_in_reverse_engineering_education">Advantages of virtualization of cast in situ composite material production and testing stages in reverse engineering education</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Reverse engineering applications require multiphase techniques and usually take much time. Especially, time, labor and cost shall be taken into consideration due to time consuming steps in studies consisting of models that take up time.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34984434" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Reverse engineering applications require multiphase techniques and usually take much time. Especially, time, labor and cost shall be taken into consideration due to time consuming steps in studies consisting of models that take up time. In this study, virtualization of models and analyses by using reverse engineering methods in composite materials that are produced by Cast in Situ technique is presented. This virtualization example not only makes saving in terms of education but also provides savings in practical studied in the way of time, labor and cost.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34984434" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6a70297359ea01840537bb218960e0a6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54848209,"asset_id":34984434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54848209/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="69145788" href="https://uah.academia.edu/ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling">Science Park Research Organization & Counselling</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="69145788" type="text/json">{"id":69145788,"first_name":"Science Park Research","last_name":"Organization \u0026 Counselling","domain_name":"uah","page_name":"ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling","display_name":"Science Park Research Organization \u0026 Counselling","profile_url":"https://uah.academia.edu/ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/69145788/17940563/17974318/s65_sproc.academia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34984434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34984434"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34984434, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34984434", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34984434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34984434; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34984434"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34984434 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34984434"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34984434; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34984434]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34984434").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34984434").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34984434"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3442" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production">Production</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3442" type="text/json">{"id":3442,"name":"Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12502" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Materials">Composite Materials</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12502" type="text/json">{"id":12502,"name":"Composite Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Materials?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25795" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Testing">Testing</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25795" type="text/json">{"id":25795,"name":"Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Testing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34984434]'), work: {"id":34984434,"title":"Advantages of virtualization of cast in situ composite material production and testing stages in reverse engineering education","created_at":"2017-10-28T12:01:48.192-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34984434/Advantages_of_virtualization_of_cast_in_situ_composite_material_production_and_testing_stages_in_reverse_engineering_education?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_34984434","summary":"Reverse engineering applications require multiphase techniques and usually take much time. Especially, time, labor and cost shall be taken into consideration due to time consuming steps in studies consisting of models that take up time. In this study, virtualization of models and analyses by using reverse engineering methods in composite materials that are produced by Cast in Situ technique is presented. This virtualization example not only makes saving in terms of education but also provides savings in practical studied in the way of time, labor and cost.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54848209,"asset_id":34984434,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":69145788,"first_name":"Science Park Research","last_name":"Organization \u0026 Counselling","domain_name":"uah","page_name":"ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling","display_name":"Science Park Research Organization \u0026 Counselling","profile_url":"https://uah.academia.edu/ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling?f_ri=794527","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/69145788/17940563/17974318/s65_sproc.academia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":3442,"name":"Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":12502,"name":"Composite Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Materials?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":25795,"name":"Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Testing?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":31379,"name":"Reverse Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reverse_Engineering?f_ri=794527"},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527"},{"id":1677312,"name":"CAST IN SITU","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CAST_IN_SITU?f_ri=794527"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12869357" data-work_id="12869357" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12869357/OPEN_ACCESS_Study_Of_Recent_Developments_In_DTH_Direct_To_Home">OPEN ACCESS Study Of Recent Developments In DTH (Direct-To-Home</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As the customer becomes more and more aware of the technology, he or she will look for a decent package all together, including all the advanced features of a package he can have. Hence the search for new technology is always the main... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12869357" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As the customer becomes more and more aware of the technology, he or she will look for a decent package all together, including all the advanced features of a package he can have. Hence the search for new technology is always the main motive of the leading DTH giants to out innovate their competitors. DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television. DTH is defined as the reception of satellite programmers with a personal dish in an individual home. This paper describes the needs that demand continued development of DTH, and explains some background on who is involved and what is currently happening in bringing DTH world.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12869357" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="78439eb0e9bbfb708e73357d18f3e2d4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37857552,"asset_id":12869357,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37857552/download_file?st=MTczOTc4ODA1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31993641" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ThanhNam16">Thanh Nam</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31993641" type="text/json">{"id":31993641,"first_name":"Thanh","last_name":"Nam","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThanhNam16","display_name":"Thanh Nam","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThanhNam16?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12869357 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12869357"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12869357, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12869357", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12869357 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12869357; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12869357"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12869357 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12869357"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12869357; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12869357]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12869357").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12869357").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12869357"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2345" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications">Wireless Communications</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2345" type="text/json">{"id":2345,"name":"Wireless Communications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="611052" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DTH">DTH</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="611052" type="text/json">{"id":611052,"name":"DTH","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DTH?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="794527" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages">Advantages</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="794527" type="text/json">{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12869357]'), work: {"id":12869357,"title":"OPEN ACCESS Study Of Recent Developments In DTH (Direct-To-Home","created_at":"2015-06-08T10:16:07.968-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12869357/OPEN_ACCESS_Study_Of_Recent_Developments_In_DTH_Direct_To_Home?f_ri=794527","dom_id":"work_12869357","summary":"As the customer becomes more and more aware of the technology, he or she will look for a decent package all together, including all the advanced features of a package he can have. Hence the search for new technology is always the main motive of the leading DTH giants to out innovate their competitors. DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television. DTH is defined as the reception of satellite programmers with a personal dish in an individual home. This paper describes the needs that demand continued development of DTH, and explains some background on who is involved and what is currently happening in bringing DTH world.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37857552,"asset_id":12869357,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31993641,"first_name":"Thanh","last_name":"Nam","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThanhNam16","display_name":"Thanh Nam","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThanhNam16?f_ri=794527","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2345,"name":"Wireless Communications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wireless_Communications?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":611052,"name":"DTH","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DTH?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true},{"id":794527,"name":"Advantages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages?f_ri=794527","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haptic">Haptic</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="290135">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="290135">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Techniques">Techniques</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="373097">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="373097">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applications">Applications</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="33291">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="33291">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disadvantages">Disadvantages</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1180002">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1180002">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality">Virtual Reality</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="50642">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="50642">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media_Marketing">Social Media Marketing</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="36846">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="36846">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Customer">Customer</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="394373">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="394373">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Market">Market</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="51733">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="51733">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Types">Types</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="908897">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="908897">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Telecomunication">Telecomunication</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="255283">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="255283">Following</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// MIT License // Copyright © 2011 Sebastian Tschan, https://blueimp.net // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of // this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in // the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to // use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of // the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, // subject to the following conditions: // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all // copies or substantial portions of the Software. // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS // FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER // IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN // CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. !function(n){"use strict";function d(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function f(n,t,r,e,o,u){return d((c=d(d(t,n),d(e,u)))<<(f=o)|c>>>32-f,r);var c,f}function l(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&r|~t&e,n,t,o,u,c)}function v(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&e|r&~e,n,t,o,u,c)}function g(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t^r^e,n,t,o,u,c)}function m(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(r^(t|~e),n,t,o,u,c)}function i(n,t){var r,e,o,u;n[t>>5]|=128<<t%32,n[14+(t+64>>>9<<4)]=t;for(var c=1732584193,f=-271733879,i=-1732584194,a=271733878,h=0;h<n.length;h+=16)c=l(r=c,e=f,o=i,u=a,n[h],7,-680876936),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+1],12,-389564586),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],17,606105819),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+3],22,-1044525330),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],7,-176418897),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+5],12,1200080426),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],17,-1473231341),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+7],22,-45705983),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],7,1770035416),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+9],12,-1958414417),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],17,-42063),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+11],22,-1990404162),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],7,1804603682),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+13],12,-40341101),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],17,-1502002290),c=v(c,f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+15],22,1236535329),i,a,n[h+1],5,-165796510),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+6],9,-1069501632),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],14,643717713),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h],20,-373897302),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+5],5,-701558691),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+10],9,38016083),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],14,-660478335),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+4],20,-405537848),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],5,568446438),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+14],9,-1019803690),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],14,-187363961),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+8],20,1163531501),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],5,-1444681467),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+2],9,-51403784),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],14,1735328473),c=g(c,f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+12],20,-1926607734),i,a,n[h+5],4,-378558),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+8],11,-2022574463),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],16,1839030562),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+14],23,-35309556),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+1],4,-1530992060),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+4],11,1272893353),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],16,-155497632),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+10],23,-1094730640),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],4,681279174),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h],11,-358537222),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],16,-722521979),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+6],23,76029189),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],4,-640364487),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+12],11,-421815835),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],16,530742520),c=m(c,f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+2],23,-995338651),i,a,n[h],6,-198630844),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+7],10,1126891415),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],15,-1416354905),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+5],21,-57434055),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],6,1700485571),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+3],10,-1894986606),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],15,-1051523),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+1],21,-2054922799),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],6,1873313359),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+15],10,-30611744),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],15,-1560198380),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+13],21,1309151649),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],6,-145523070),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+11],10,-1120210379),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],15,718787259),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+9],21,-343485551),c=d(c,r),f=d(f,e),i=d(i,o),a=d(a,u);return[c,f,i,a]}function a(n){for(var t="",r=32*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t+=String.fromCharCode(n[e>>5]>>>e%32&255);return t}function h(n){var t=[];for(t[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,e=0;e<t.length;e+=1)t[e]=0;for(var r=8*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t[e>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(e/8))<<e%32;return t}function e(n){for(var t,r="0123456789abcdef",e="",o=0;o<n.length;o+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(o),e+=r.charAt(t>>>4&15)+r.charAt(15&t);return e}function r(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function o(n){return a(i(h(t=r(n)),8*t.length));var t}function u(n,t){return function(n,t){var r,e,o=h(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,16<o.length&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(h(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}(r(n),r(t))}function t(n,t,r){return t?r?u(t,n):e(u(t,n)):r?o(n):e(o(n))}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return t}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=t:n.md5=t}(this);</script><script>window.AbTest = (function() { return { 'ab_test': (uniqueId, test_name, buckets) => { let override = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get(`ab_test[${test_name}]`); if ( override ) { return override; } const bucketNames = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? bucket : Object.keys(bucket)[0]; }); const weights = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? 1 : Object.values(bucket)[0]; }); const total = weights.reduce((sum, weight) => sum + weight); const hash = md5(`${uniqueId}${test_name}`); const hashNum = parseInt(hash.slice(-12), 16); let bucketPoint = total * (hashNum % 100000) / 100000; const bucket = bucketNames.find((_, i) => { if (weights[i] > bucketPoint) { return true; } bucketPoint -= weights[i]; return false; }); return bucket; } }; })();</script><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><script>function onGoogleOneTapEvent(event) { var momentType = event.getMomentType(); var momentReason = null; if (event.isNotDisplayed()) { momentReason = event.getNotDisplayedReason(); } else if (event.isSkippedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getSkippedReason(); } else if (event.isDismissedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getDismissedReason(); } Aedu.arbitraryEvents.write('GoogleOneTapEvent', { moment_type: momentType, moment_reason: momentReason, }); }</script><script>(function() { var auvid = unescape( document.cookie .split(/; ?/) .find((s) => s.startsWith('auvid')) .substring(6)); var bucket = AbTest.ab_test(auvid, 'lo_ri_one_tap_google_sign_on', ['control', 'one_tap_google_sign_on']); if (bucket === 'control') return; var oneTapTag = document.createElement('script') oneTapTag.async = true oneTapTag.defer = true oneTapTag.src = 'https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client' document.body.appendChild(oneTapTag) })();</script></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "8cc708eba21b7c168ceddcdacaf5ad7df8736526d4fdadad9b5e25c6c1a9ab0c", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="Q8znzUS2hM_MYVZ44RQuTtrLVR5Aa-gImGfZ7FjwtEgQ4kveATER682KZlzTGrA42uP7GqiP81Zr-fgHpZ1yHw" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Advantages" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="LORmPh9ERWxCPhUsCydBm79IIGlINBWR5rOejkoV-ox_ysotWsPQSEPVJQg5Kd_tv2CObaDQDs8VLb9lt3g82w" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>