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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Votes_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Votes_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Votes summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Votes_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seats_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seats_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Seats summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seats_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incumbents_defeated" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incumbents_defeated"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Incumbents defeated</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incumbents_defeated-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External links subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Manifestos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manifestos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Manifestos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manifestos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> 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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1979 United Kingdom general election</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8,_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%AF" title="যুক্তরাজ্যের সাধারণ নির্বাচন, ১৯৭৯ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যুক্তরাজ্যের সাধারণ নির্বাচন, ১৯৭৯" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleccions_al_Parlament_del_Regne_Unit_de_1979" title="Eleccions al Parlament del Regne Unit de 1979 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eleccions al Parlament del Regne Unit de 1979" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etholiad_cyffredinol_y_Deyrnas_Unedig,_1979" title="Etholiad cyffredinol y Deyrnas Unedig, 1979 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Etholiad cyffredinol y Deyrnas Unedig, 1979" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamentsvalget_i_Storbritannien_1979" title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannien 1979 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannien 1979" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britische_Unterhauswahl_1979" title="Britische Unterhauswahl 1979 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Britische Unterhauswahl 1979" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elecciones_generales_del_Reino_Unido_de_1979" title="Elecciones generales del Reino Unido de 1979 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elecciones generales del Reino Unido de 1979" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lections_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rales_britanniques_de_1979" title="Élections générales britanniques de 1979 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Élections générales britanniques de 1979" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979%EB%85%84_%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD_%EC%B4%9D%EC%84%A0" title="1979년 영국 총선 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1979년 영국 총선" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elezioni_generali_nel_Regno_Unito_del_1979" title="Elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 1979 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elezioni generali nel Regno Unito del 1979" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94_1979" title="הבחירות הכלליות בבריטניה 1979 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבחירות הכלליות בבריטניה 1979" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E7%B7%8F%E9%81%B8%E6%8C%99" title="1979年イギリス総選挙 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1979年イギリス総選挙" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamentsvalget_i_Storbritannia_1979" title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannia 1979 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Parlamentsvalget i Storbritannia 1979" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es_gerais_no_Reino_Unido_em_1979" title="Eleições gerais no Reino Unido em 1979 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eleições gerais no Reino Unido em 1979" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_(1979)" title="Парламентские выборы в Великобритании (1979) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парламентские выборы в Великобритании (1979)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1979 United Kingdom general election" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdistyneen_kuningaskunnan_parlamenttivaalit_1979" title="Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan parlamenttivaalit 1979 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdistyneen kuningaskunnan parlamenttivaalit 1979" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parlamentsvalet_i_Storbritannien_1979" title="Parlamentsvalet i Storbritannien 1979 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Parlamentsvalet i Storbritannien 1979" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2522" title="การเลือกตั้งทั่วไปในสหราชอาณาจักร พ.ศ. 2522 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การเลือกตั้งทั่วไปในสหราชอาณาจักร พ.ศ. 2522" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k_genel_se%C3%A7imleri" title="1979 Birleşik Krallık genel seçimleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1979 Birleşik Krallık genel seçimleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="1979年英國大選 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1979年英國大選" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q918450#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">General election in the United Kingdom which led to Margaret Thatcher becoming Prime Minister</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247979735">.mw-parser-output .ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent" style="width:300px"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1979 United Kingdom general election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">Oct 1974</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>3 May 1979</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the October 1974 United Kingdom general election">outgoing members</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election">elected members</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />All <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_Parliament_constituencies_(1974%E2%80%931983)" title="List of United Kingdom Parliament constituencies (1974–1983)">635 seats</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a><br />318 seats needed for a majority</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1979 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">76.0% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>3.2 <a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">First party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Second party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Third party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #0087DC;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Margaret_Thatcher_at_White_House_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Margaret_Thatcher_at_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/127px-Margaret_Thatcher_at_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Margaret_Thatcher_at_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/191px-Margaret_Thatcher_at_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Margaret_Thatcher_at_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Margaret_Thatcher_at_White_House_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #E4003B;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_(cropped).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif/lossy-page1-131px-James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif/lossy-page1-197px-James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif/lossy-page1-263px-James_Callaghan_ppmsca.53218_%28cropped%29.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="958" data-file-height="1166" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #FFD700;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DavidSteel1987_(cropped)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/DavidSteel1987_%28cropped%29_2.jpg/123px-DavidSteel1987_%28cropped%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/DavidSteel1987_%28cropped%29_2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="163" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/David_Steel" title="David Steel">David Steel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader since </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/1975_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1975 Conservative Party leadership election">11 February 1975</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party leadership election">5 April 1976</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/1976_Liberal_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Liberal Party leadership election">7 July 1976</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Finchley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Finchley (UK Parliament constituency)">Finchley</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_South_East" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardiff South East">Cardiff South East</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Roxburgh,_Selkirk_and_Peebles_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Roxburgh, Selkirk and Peebles (UK Parliament constituency)">Roxburgh, Selkirk<br />and Peebles</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Last election </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">277 seats, 35.8% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">319 seats, 39.2% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">13 seats, 18.3% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>339</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">269<sup id="cite_ref-LabourSpeaker_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LabourSpeaker-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">11 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>62 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>50 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>13,697,923</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">11,532,218 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">4,313,804 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>43.9%</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">36.9% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">13.8% </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Swing </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>8.1% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>2.3% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>4.5% </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UK_General_Election,_1979.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/UK_General_Election%2C_1979.svg/200px-UK_General_Election%2C_1979.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/UK_General_Election%2C_1979.svg/300px-UK_General_Election%2C_1979.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/UK_General_Election%2C_1979.svg/400px-UK_General_Election%2C_1979.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="829" data-file-height="1231" /></a></span><div>Colours denote the winning party—as shown in <a href="#Results">§ Results</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1979_UK_GE_Westminster_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1979_UK_GE_Westminster_diagram.svg/300px-1979_UK_GE_Westminster_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1979_UK_GE_Westminster_diagram.svg/450px-1979_UK_GE_Westminster_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1979_UK_GE_Westminster_diagram.svg/600px-1979_UK_GE_Westminster_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="230" /></a></span><div>Composition of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> after the election</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Prime Minister after election</b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>1979 United Kingdom general election</b> was held on Thursday 3 May 1979 to elect <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election">635 members</a> to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a>. The election was held following the defeat of the Labour government in a no-confidence motion on 28 March 1979, six months before the Parliament was due for dissolution in October 1979. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>, ousted the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> government of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a>, gaining a parliamentary majority of 43 seats. The election was the first of four consecutive election victories for the Conservative Party, and Thatcher became the United Kingdom's and Europe's first elected <a href="/wiki/Female_head_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Female head of government">female head of government</a>, marking the beginning of 18 years in government for the Conservatives and 18 years in opposition for Labour. </p><p>Unusually, the date chosen coincided with the <a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1979 United Kingdom local elections">1979 local elections</a>. The local government results provided some source of comfort to the Labour Party, who recovered some lost ground from local election reversals in previous years, despite losing the general election. The parish council elections were pushed back a few weeks. </p><p>The previous parliamentary term had begun in <a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">October 1974</a>, when <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a> led Labour to a majority of three seats, seven months after forming a minority government following a hung parliament and the failure of <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a>'s Conservative government to form a coalition with the Liberals. Wilson had previously led the party in government from October 1964 to June 1970, and had served as party leader since February 1963. </p><p>However, after just two years back in Downing Street, he had resigned as prime minister, <a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party leadership election">being succeeded by James Callaghan</a>; and within a further year the government's narrow parliamentary majority had gone. Callaghan made agreements with the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberals</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionists" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Unionists">Ulster Unionists</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Welsh nationalists</a>, in order to remain in power. The Lib-Lab pact lasted until July 1978. </p><p>However, on 28 March 1979, following the defeat of the <a href="/wiki/1979_Scottish_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Scottish devolution referendum">Scottish devolution referendum</a>, Thatcher tabled a <a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">motion of no confidence</a> in Callaghan's Labour government, which was passed by just one vote (311 to 310), triggering a general election six months before the end of the government's term. It was the first government to lose a motion of no-confidence in the House of Commons since the first Labour government led by Ramsay MacDonald in October 1924. </p><p>The Labour campaign was hampered by recent memories of a series of industrial disputes and strikes during the winter of 1978–79, known as the <a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">Winter of Discontent</a>, and the party focused its campaign on support for the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a> and full employment. After intense media speculation that a general election would be held before the end of 1978, Callaghan had announced early in the autumn of that year that a general election would not take place that year, having received private polling data which suggested a parliamentary majority was unlikely.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckett2009460_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckett2009460-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Conservative campaign employed the advertising agency <a href="/wiki/Saatchi_%26_Saatchi" title="Saatchi & Saatchi">Saatchi & Saatchi</a>, and pledged to control <a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">inflation</a> as well as curbing the power of the <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade unions</a>. The Conservatives also ran their campaign on the theme that "<a href="/wiki/Labour_Isn%27t_Working" title="Labour Isn't Working">Labour Isn't Working</a>" (unemployment reached a 40-year high of 1.5 million during 1978). The Liberal Party was damaged by allegations that <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thorpe" title="Jeremy Thorpe">Jeremy Thorpe</a>, its former leader, <a href="/wiki/Thorpe_affair" title="Thorpe affair">had been involved in a homosexual affair and had conspired to murder his former lover</a>. The Liberals were now being led by <a href="/wiki/David_Steel" title="David Steel">David Steel</a>, meaning that all three major parties entered the election with a new leader. </p><p>The election saw a 5.2% <a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">swing</a> from Labour to the Conservatives, the largest swing since the <a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">1945 election</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a> won for Labour. <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> became prime minister, and Callaghan was replaced as Labour leader by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Foot" title="Michael Foot">Michael Foot</a> in 1980. The results of the election were broadcast live on the BBC, and presented by <a href="/wiki/David_Dimbleby" title="David Dimbleby">David Dimbleby</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robin_Day" title="Robin Day">Robin Day</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Robert_McKenzie_(psephologist)" title="Robert McKenzie (psephologist)">Robert McKenzie</a> on the "Swingometer", and further analysis provided by <a href="/wiki/David_Butler_(psephologist)" title="David Butler (psephologist)">David Butler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first general election to feature <a href="/wiki/Rick_Wakeman" title="Rick Wakeman">Rick Wakeman</a>'s song "<a href="/wiki/The_Myths_and_Legends_of_King_Arthur_and_the_Knights_of_the_Round_Table" title="The Myths and Legends of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table">Arthur</a>" during the BBC's coverage. On ITV, the election broadcast was hosted by <a href="/wiki/Alastair_Burnet" title="Alastair Burnet">Alastair Burnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martyn_Lewis" title="Martyn Lewis">Martyn Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Snow" title="Peter Snow">Peter Snow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Parkin" title="Leonard Parkin">Leonard Parkin</a>. </p><p>Because of the anaemic economic and social backdrop in this election, it presaged the <a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_presidential_election" title="1980 United States presidential election">1980 United States presidential election</a> 18 months later in which, in a situation with some parallels, incumbent US President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> was likewise defeated by Republican challenger <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>, an advocate of similar socioeconomic policies to those of Margaret Thatcher's Britain. </p><p>Future Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a>, who went on to succeed Thatcher in November 1990, entered Parliament at this election, retaining the <a href="/wiki/Huntingdonshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Huntingdonshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Huntingdonshire</a> seat in <a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire" title="Cambridgeshire">Cambridgeshire</a> for the Conservatives. Prominent MPs Jeremy Thorpe, <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Castle" title="Barbara Castle">Barbara Castle</a> were among the members of parliament who retired or lost their seats. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:auto;clear:none;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">Feb 1974 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the February 1974 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">Oct 1974 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the October 1974 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1979 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1983 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1987 United Kingdom general election">MPs</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline">Timeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Timeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After suffering a <a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">vote of no confidence</a> on 28 March 1979, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> was forced to announce that he would request a dissolution of Parliament to bring about a general election. The key dates were as follows: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Saturday 7 April</td> <td>Dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the October 1974 United Kingdom general election">47th Parliament</a> and campaigning officially begins; 2,576 candidates enter to contest 635 seats </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">Wednesday 2 May</span></td> <td>Campaigning officially ends </td></tr> <tr> <td>Thursday 3 May</td> <td>Polling day </td></tr> <tr> <td>Friday 4 May</td> <td>The Conservative Party wins power with a majority of 43 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wednesday 9 May</td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election">48th Parliament</a> assembles </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tuesday 15 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/State_Opening_of_Parliament" title="State Opening of Parliament">State Opening of Parliament</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Callaghan succeeded <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a> as the Labour prime minister after the latter's surprise resignation in April 1976. By March 1977, Labour had become a <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a> after two by-election defeats cost them the three-seat majority they had won in October 1974, and from March 1977 to August 1978 Callaghan governed by an agreement with the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal Party</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Lib%E2%80%93Lab_pact" title="Lib–Lab pact">Lib–Lab pact</a>. Callaghan had considered calling an election in the autumn of 1978,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but ultimately decided that imminent tax cuts, and a possible economic upturn in 1979, could favour his party at the polls and delayed the election until the following year. Although published opinion polls suggested that he might win,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHicksonSeldon2004293_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHicksonSeldon2004293-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> private polls commissioned by the Labour Party from MORI had suggested the two main parties had much the same level of support.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckett2009460_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckett2009460-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, events would soon overtake the Labour government and prove Callaghan's decision to delay an election to be a costly mistake. A series of industrial disputes in the winter of 1978–79, dubbed the "<a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">Winter of Discontent</a>", led to widespread <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strikes</a> across the country and seriously hurt Labour's standings in the polls while boosting support for the Conservative opposition. When the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> (SNP) withdrew support for the <a href="/wiki/Scotland_Act_1978" title="Scotland Act 1978">Scotland Act 1978</a>, a <a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">vote of no confidence was held</a> and passed by one vote on 28 March 1979, forcing Callaghan to call a general election. As the <a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">previous election</a> had been held in October 1974, Labour could have held on until the autumn of 1979 if it had not been for the lost confidence vote. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> had won her party's <a href="/wiki/1975_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1975 Conservative Party leadership election">1975 leadership election</a> over former leader <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a>, taking over the leadership of the party in February 1975, four months after the party's failure to win the October 1974 election. Heath had led the party for a decade but lost three of the four elections he contested. </p><p><a href="/wiki/David_Steel" title="David Steel">David Steel</a> had replaced <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thorpe" title="Jeremy Thorpe">Jeremy Thorpe</a> as leader of the Liberal Party in 1976, after allegations of homosexuality and <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_to_murder" title="Conspiracy to murder">conspiracy to murder</a> his former lover forced Thorpe to resign. The <a href="/wiki/Thorpe_affair" title="Thorpe affair">Thorpe affair</a> led to a fall in the Liberal vote, after what had been thought to be a breakthrough in the <a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974 election</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign">Campaign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This was the first election since 1959 to feature three new leaders for the main political parties. The three main parties all advocated cutting <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">income tax</a>. Labour and the Conservatives did not specify the exact thresholds of income tax they would implement but the Liberals did, claiming they would have income tax starting at 20% with a top rate of 50%.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Without explicitly mentioning Thatcher's sex, Callaghan was (as <a href="/wiki/Christian_Caryl" title="Christian Caryl">Christian Caryl</a> later wrote) "a master at sardonically implying that whatever the leader of the opposition said was made even sillier by the fact that it was said by a woman". Thatcher used the tactics that had defeated her other male opponents: constantly studying, sleeping only a few hours a night, and exploiting her femininity to appear as someone who understood housewives' household budgets.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECaryl20143391–3428_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaryl20143391–3428-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A proposal for the two main party leaders to participate in two <a href="/wiki/Leaders%27_debate" title="Leaders' debate">televised debates</a> was put forward by former Labour MP turned broadcaster <a href="/wiki/Brian_Walden" title="Brian Walden">Brian Walden</a>. These would have been produced by <a href="/wiki/LWT" class="mw-redirect" title="LWT">LWT</a> and were planned to be shown on <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> on 22 & 29 April 1979. While <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> immediately accepted Walden's proposal, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> decided to "wait a few days before replying" to the invitation. According to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Glasgow_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Glasgow Herald">The Glasgow Herald</a>,</i> Some of Mrs Thatcher's advisers were concerned that she had more to lose from such debates, fearing that it would lead to a "presidential-style 'Her or me' campaign" which would see policy issues become of less importance. However it was also reported that the danger of declining was that Mrs Thatcher would be charged by Labour as being "scared" to face the Prime Minister.<sup id="cite_ref-GH3April1979page1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GH3April1979page1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the insistence of the Liberals, their leader <a href="/wiki/David_Steel" title="David Steel">David Steel</a> was also invited by LWT to take part, and accepted the offer. However, Mrs Thatcher declined the offer to take part, saying that the election was for a government, not a president, which meant that the debates did not go ahead.<sup id="cite_ref-GH4April1979p1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GH4April1979p1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Labour">Labour</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Labour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Labour campaign reiterated their support for the <a href="/wiki/National_Health_Service" title="National Health Service">National Health Service</a> and <a href="/wiki/Full_employment" title="Full employment">full employment</a> and focused on the damage they believed the Conservatives would do to the country. In an early campaign broadcast, Callaghan asked: "The question you will have to consider is whether we risk tearing everything up by the roots." Towards the end of Labour's campaign, Callaghan claimed a Conservative government "would sit back and just allow firms to go bankrupt and jobs to be lost in the middle of a world recession" and that the Conservatives were "too big a gamble to take".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1990131_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1990131-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Labour Party manifesto, <i>The Labour way is the better way</i>, was issued on 6 April.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Callaghan presented five priorities: </p> <ol><li>"We must keep a curb on inflation and prices";</li> <li>"We will carry forward the task of putting into practice the new framework to improve industrial relations that we have hammered out with the TUC";</li> <li>"We give a high priority to working for a return to full employment";</li> <li>"We are deeply concerned to enlarge people's freedom"; and</li> <li>"We will use Britain's influence to strengthen world peace and defeat world poverty"</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Conservatives">Conservatives</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conservatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Conservatives campaigned on economic issues, pledging to control inflation and to reduce the increasing power of the trade unions who supported mass strikes. They also employed the advertising agency <a href="/wiki/Saatchi_%26_Saatchi" title="Saatchi & Saatchi">Saatchi & Saatchi</a> who had created the "<a href="/wiki/Labour_Isn%27t_Working" title="Labour Isn't Working">Labour Isn't Working</a>" poster. </p><p>The Conservative campaign was focused on gaining support from traditional Labour voters who had never voted Conservative before, first-time voters, and people who had voted Liberal in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampbell2000432_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampbell2000432-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thatcher's advisers, <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Reece" title="Gordon Reece">Gordon Reece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Bell" class="mw-redirect" title="Timothy Bell">Timothy Bell</a>, co-ordinated their presentation with the editor of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Lamb_(newspaper_editor)" title="Larry Lamb (newspaper editor)">Larry Lamb</a>. <i>The Sun</i> printed a series of articles by disillusioned former Labour ministers (<a href="/wiki/Reg_Prentice" title="Reg Prentice">Reg Prentice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Marsh,_Baron_Marsh" title="Richard Marsh, Baron Marsh">Richard Marsh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lord_George-Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord George-Brown">Lord George-Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Robens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfred Robens">Alfred Robens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chalfont" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Chalfont">Lord Chalfont</a>) detailing why they had switched their support to Thatcher. She explicitly asked Labour voters for their support when she launched her campaign in <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a>, claiming that Labour was now extreme.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Choosing to start her campaign in the strongly Labour-supporting city was part of Thatcher's strategy of appealing to skilled manual workers (NRS social group <a href="/wiki/NRS_social_grade" title="NRS social grade">C2</a>), whom both parties had previously seen as certain Labour voters; she thought that many of these would support her promises to reduce unions' power and enact the <a href="/wiki/Right_to_Buy" title="Right to Buy">Right to Buy</a> their homes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECaryl20143391–3428_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECaryl20143391–3428-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 April the Conservatives held a massive rally in London for Conservative trade unionists. The <i><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow Herald">Glasgow Herald</a></i> called it an "astonishing rally" which it likened to "the razza-matazz of an American presidential-stye jamboree" and stated "Nothing quite like it has been seen before in a General Election in Britain." Several celebrities including <a href="/wiki/Lulu_(singer)" title="Lulu (singer)">Lulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molly_Weir" title="Molly Weir">Molly Weir</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Davenport" title="Nigel Davenport">Nigel Davenport</a> appeared to support Thatcher and the Conservatives, while others like <a href="/wiki/Eric_Sykes" title="Eric Sykes">Eric Sykes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Les_Dawson" title="Les Dawson">Les Dawson</a> sent messages of support. It was also announced former Labour MP <a href="/wiki/Edward_Griffiths_(politician)" title="Edward Griffiths (politician)">Eddie Griffiths</a> was backing the Conservatives against his former party.<sup id="cite_ref-GH29April1979p1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GH29April1979p1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An analysis of the election result showed that the Conservatives gained an 11% swing among the skilled working class (the C2s) and a 9% swing amongst the unskilled working class (the DEs).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980343_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980343-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher's stance on <a href="/wiki/Modern_immigration_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="Modern immigration to the United Kingdom">immigration</a> in the late 1970s (following the vast immigration from Asian and African-Caribbean nations during the 1950s and 1960s) was perceived as part of a rising racist public discourse,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWitte201454_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWitte201454-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Leader of the Opposition, Thatcher believed that the <a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front</a> (NF) was winning over large numbers of Conservative voters with warnings against floods of immigrants. Her strategy was to undermine the NF narrative by acknowledging that many of its voters had serious concerns in need of addressing. The National Front had a relatively small following and did not win any seats in parliament. </p><p>Thatcher criticised Labour immigration policy in January 1978, with the goal of attracting voters away from the NF and to the Conservatives.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWitte201453–54_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWitte201453–54-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her rhetoric was followed by an increase in Conservative support at the expense of the NF. Critics on the left reacted by accusing her of <a href="/wiki/Pandering_(politics)" title="Pandering (politics)">pandering</a> to racism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFriedman200613_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFriedman200613-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sociologists Mark Mitchell and Dave Russell responded that Thatcher had been badly misinterpreted, arguing that <a href="/wiki/Race_(human_classification)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (human classification)">race</a> was never an important focus of <a href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMitchellRussell1989_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMitchellRussell1989-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout her premiership both major parties took similar positions on immigration policy,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWard2004128Vinen2009227,_279_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWard2004128Vinen2009227,_279-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> having in 1981 passed the <a href="/wiki/British_Nationality_Act_1981" title="British Nationality Act 1981">British Nationality Act</a> with <a href="/wiki/Bipartisanship_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bipartisanship (UK)">bipartisan</a> support.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHansen2000207–208_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHansen2000207–208-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No policies aimed at restricting immigration were passed or proposed by her government, and the subject of race was never highlighted by Thatcher in any of her major speeches as prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnwar2001_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnwar2001-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Thatcher had pledged to address concerns felt by NF voters including matters related to immigration and presided over a period of disaffected race relations early in her premiership, the Conservative Party under her leadership actively began reaching out to ethnic minority voters ahead of the 1983 general election.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Conservative manifesto, drafted by <a href="/wiki/Chris_Patten" title="Chris Patten">Chris Patten</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adam_Ridley" title="Adam Ridley">Adam Ridley</a> and edited by <a href="/wiki/Angus_Maude" title="Angus Maude">Angus Maude</a>, reflected Thatcher's views and was issued on 11 April.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980166_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980166-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It promised five major policies: </p> <ol><li>"to restore the health of our economic and social life, by controlling inflation and striking a fair balance between the rights and duties of the trade union movement";</li> <li>"to restore incentives so that hard work pays, success is rewarded and genuine new jobs are created in an expanding economy";</li> <li>"to uphold Parliament and the rule of law";</li> <li>"to support family life, by helping people to become home-owners, raising the standards of their children's education and concentrating welfare services on the effective support of the old, the sick, the disabled and those who are in real need"; and</li> <li>"to strengthen Britain's defences and work with our allies to protect our interests in an increasingly threatening world".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polling">Opinion polling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Opinion polling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1979 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polling for the 1979 United Kingdom general election</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">Opinion polling for UK general elections</th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Opinion polling for the February 1974 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">October 1974 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Opinion polling for the October 1974 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">1979 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1979 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1983 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987 election</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1987 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polls</a></td> </tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election.svg/800px-Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election.svg.png" decoding="async" width="800" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election.svg/1200px-Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election.svg/1600px-Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1620" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#0087DC solid 5px;"> </span> Conservatives</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#E4003B solid 5px;"> </span> Labour</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-line mw-no-invert" style="display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; width: 1.67em; height: 0; border-style: none; border-top: 2px dotted black;border-top:#FFD700 solid 5px;"> </span> Liberals</div></div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the end, the overall swing of 5.2% was the largest since 1945, and gave the Conservatives a workable <a href="/wiki/Majority" title="Majority">majority</a> of 43 for the country's first female prime minister. The Conservative victory in 1979 also marked a change in government which would continue for 18 years, including the entire 1980s, until the <a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">Labour victory of 1997</a>. It marked a period of political stability in the United Kingdom following four changes of government in the space of 15 years. Although the Conservatives would go on to win more seats under Thatcher in <a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a> and <a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a>, and again under <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> in <a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019</a>, the Tories have never since matched the 43.9% of the popular vote they recorded in 1979. This also remains the most recent election in which the Tories won an overall majority from opposition. </p><p>The SNP saw a massive collapse in support, losing 9 of its 11 MPs. The Liberal Party had a disappointing election; its scandal-hit former leader <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thorpe" title="Jeremy Thorpe">Jeremy Thorpe</a> lost his seat in <a href="/wiki/North_Devon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Devon (UK Parliament constituency)">North Devon</a> to the Conservatives. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1979_UK_parliament.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/1979_UK_parliament.svg/300px-1979_UK_parliament.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/1979_UK_parliament.svg/450px-1979_UK_parliament.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/1979_UK_parliament.svg/600px-1979_UK_parliament.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <dl><dd></dd></dl> 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.sticky-header-multi.wikitable{background-color:#101418}}</style> <table class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi" style="font-size:95%"> <caption>UK General Election 1979 </caption> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9;vertical-align:top;"> <th colspan="3"> </th> <th colspan="6" style="width:30px">Candidates </th> <th colspan="3" style="width:30px">Votes </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Leader </th> <th>Stood </th> <th>Elected </th> <th>Gained </th> <th>Unseated </th> <th style="width:45px">Net </th> <th>% of total </th> <th>% </th> <th>No. </th> <th>Net % </th></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#0087DC; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><b><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">622 </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">339 </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">63 </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Cathcart_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Glasgow Cathcart (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">+62 </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">53.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">43.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">13,697,923 </td> <td style="text-align:right; font-weight:bold">+8.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#E4003B; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">623 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">269<sup id="cite_ref-LabourSpeaker_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LabourSpeaker-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">54 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−50 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,532,218 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#FFD700; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Steel" title="David Steel">David Steel</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">577 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Edge_Hill_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Liverpool Edge Hill (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,313,804 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−4.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#FDF38E; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Wolfe" class="mw-redirect" title="William Wolfe">William Wolfe</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">71 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.31 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">504,259 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#48A5EE; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_West" title="Harry West">Harry West</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/South_Belfast_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Belfast (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.79 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">254,578 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:MidnightBlue; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Tyndall_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Tyndall (politician)">John Tyndall</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">303 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">191,719 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#005B54; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gwynfor_Evans" title="Gwynfor Evans">Gwynfor Evans</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Carmarthen_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Carmarthen (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.31 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">132,544 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#2AA82C; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Fitt" title="Gerry Fitt">Gerry Fitt</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Belfast_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast West (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">126,325 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#F6CB2F; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Napier" title="Oliver Napier">Oliver Napier</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">82,892 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#D46A4C; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.47 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">70,795 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:yellowgreen; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Ecology_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecology Party">Ecology</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Tyler" title="Jonathan Tyler">Jonathan Tyler</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">53 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,918 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#ff8c00; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/United_Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="United Ulster Unionist Party">UUUP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Baird" title="Ernest Baird">Ernest Baird</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Mid_Ulster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Mid Ulster (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Mid_Ulster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Mid Ulster (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,856 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/James_Kilfedder" title="James Kilfedder">Ulster Popular Unionist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Kilfedder" title="James Kilfedder">James Kilfedder</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/North_Down_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Down (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/North_Down_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Down (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/North_Down_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Down (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.16 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36,989 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#FFBBBB; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Labour" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Labour">Independent Labour</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26,058 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#32CD32; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Irish_Independence_Party" title="Irish Independence Party">Irish Independence</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fergus_McAteer" title="Fergus McAteer">Fergus McAteer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_McManus_(Irish_politician)" title="Frank McManus (Irish politician)">Frank McManus</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23,086 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#d1ffb2; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Republican_(Ireland)" title="Independent Republican (Ireland)">Ind. Republican</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,398 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#DCDCDC; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">62 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19,531 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:red; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordon_McLennan_(politician)" title="Gordon McLennan (politician)">Gordon McLennan</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,858 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:Darkred; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour_Party_(1976)" title="Scottish Labour Party (1976)">SLP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Sillars" title="Jim Sillars">Jim Sillars</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,737 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#AA0000; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Workers_Revolutionary_Party_(UK)" title="Workers Revolutionary Party (UK)">Workers Revolutionary</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Banda" title="Michael Banda">Michael Banda</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">60 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,631 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">+0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#930C1A; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Ireland)" title="Workers' Party (Ireland)">Workers' Party</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Mac_Giolla" title="Tomás Mac Giolla">Tomás Mac Giolla</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,098 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Austin_Currie" title="Austin Currie">Independent SDLP</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,785 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#ffa07a; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Unionist_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Unionist Party of Northern Ireland">Unionist Party NI</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anne_Dickson" title="Anne Dickson">Anne Dickson</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,021 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#DDEEFF; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Conservative">Ind. Conservative</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,841 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#DC241f; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Labour_Party" title="Northern Ireland Labour Party">NI Labour</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Carr_(politician)" title="Alan Carr (politician)">Alan Carr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,441 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#d5c229; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Mebyon_Kernow" title="Mebyon Kernow">Mebyon Kernow</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Jenkin" title="Richard Jenkin">Richard Jenkin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,164 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#FF6600; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Democratic_Labour_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Democratic Labour Association">Democratic Labour</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dick_Taverne" title="Dick Taverne">Dick Taverne</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,785 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">−0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#318B58; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Wessex_Regionalist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Wessex Regionalist Party">Wessex Regionalist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Thynn,_7th_Marquess_of_Bath" title="Alexander Thynn, 7th Marquess of Bath">Viscount Weymouth</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,090 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#FF4D00; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_(UK)" title="Socialist Unity (UK)">Socialist Unity</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,834 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/United_Labour_Party_(Northern_Ireland)" title="United Labour Party (Northern Ireland)">United Labour</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Devlin" title="Paddy Devlin">Paddy Devlin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,895 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px">Independent Democratic </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,087 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/United_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="United Country">United Country</a> </td> <td>Edmund Iremonger </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,033 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#FFFFAA; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Liberal" title="Independent Liberal">Independent Liberal</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,023 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px">Independent Socialist </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">770 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/International_Leninist_Workers_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="International Leninist Workers Party">Workers (Leninist)</a> </td> <td>Royston Bull </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">767 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#999999; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/New_Britain_Party" title="New Britain Party">New Britain</a> </td> <td>Dennis Delderfield </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">717 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#7FFFD4; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Fellowship_Party" title="Fellowship Party">Fellowship</a> </td> <td>Ronald Mallone </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">531 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:grey; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Campaign_for_a_More_Prosperous_Britain" title="Campaign for a More Prosperous Britain">More Prosperous Britain</a> </td> <td>Tom Keen </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">518 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_English_National_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United English National Party (page does not exist)">United English National</a> </td> <td>John Kynaston </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">238 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Cornish_Nationalist_Party" title="Cornish Nationalist Party">Cornish Nationalist</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Whetter" title="James Whetter">James Whetter</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Truro_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Truro (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">227 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK,_1979)" title="Social Democratic Party (UK, 1979)">Social Democrat</a> </td> <td>Donald Kean </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Warrington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Warrington (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">144 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#801818; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/English_National_Party" title="English National Party">English National</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Hansford-Miller" title="Frank Hansford-Miller">Frank Hansford-Miller</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/North_Devon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Devon (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">142 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit;background-color:#E9E9E9;width: 3px">  </th> <td style="width: 130px">The Dog Lovers' Party </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Auberon_Waugh" title="Auberon Waugh">Auberon Waugh</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/North_Devon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Devon (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">79 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="color:inherit; background-color:#DC241f; width:3px">  </th> <td style="min-width:190px"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Socialist Party of Great Britain">Socialist (GB)</a> </td> <td><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Islington_South_and_Finsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Islington South and Finsbury (UK Parliament constituency)">1</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><i>N/A</i> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">78 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.0 </td></tr> </tbody><caption style="caption-side: bottom; font-weight:normal">All parties shown.<sup id="cite_ref-VPUP_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VPUP-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IUU_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUU-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Government's new majority</b> </td> <td><b>43</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total votes cast </td> <td>31,221,362 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Turnout </td> <td>76% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Votes_summary">Votes summary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Votes summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Popular vote</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:360px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Conservative</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0087DC; width:43.87%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">43.87%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Labour</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E4003B; width:36.94%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">36.94%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Liberal</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FFD700; width:13.82%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">13.82%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Scottish National</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FDF38E; width:1.62%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.62%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A9A9A9; width:3.76%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3.76%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seats_summary">Seats summary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Seats summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Parliamentary seats</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:360px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Conservative</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#0087DC; width:53.39%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">53.39%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Labour</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E4003B; width:42.36%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">42.36%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Liberal</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FFD700; width:1.73%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.73%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#A9A9A9; width:2.20%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2.20%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1062633282">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .content .thumb>div:not(.thumbinner){display:flex;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;align-content:flex-start;flex-direction:column}}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output div.thumb>div:not(.thumbinner){font-size:94%;text-align:center;overflow:hidden;min-width:100px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.thumb>div:not(.thumbinner){margin:0 auto;max-width:100%!important}</style> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div style="display:table;"> <span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:1979_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The disproportionality of the House of Commons in the 1979 election was "11.57" according to the Gallagher index, mainly between the Conservatives and the Liberal Party."><img alt="The disproportionality of the House of Commons in the 1979 election was "11.57" according to the Gallagher index, mainly between the Conservatives and the Liberal Party." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/1979_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png/450px-1979_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png" decoding="async" width="450" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/1979_UK_General_Election_Gallagher_Index.png 1.5x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="340" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom;box-sizing:border-box;"><div style="float: left; margin-top: 0.25em; width: 11px; height: 9.5px;"><div style="position: relative; width: 0px; height: 0px; border-style: solid inset; border-width: 0 5.5px 9.5px 5.5px; border-color: transparent transparent #ff0080 transparent;"></div></div><div style="padding-left: 20px">The disproportionality of the House of Commons in the 1979 election was "11.57" according to the <a href="/wiki/Gallagher_index" title="Gallagher index">Gallagher index</a>, mainly between the Conservatives and the Liberal Party. </div> </div> </div> </div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Incumbents_defeated">Incumbents defeated</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Incumbents defeated"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th>Office held whilst in Parliament </th> <th>Year elected </th> <th>Defeated by </th> <th colspan="2">Party </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="45" style="background-color: #E4003B"> </th> <td rowspan="45"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Edge" title="Geoff Edge">Geoff Edge</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aldridge-Brownhills" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldridge-Brownhills">Aldridge-Brownhills</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shepherd" title="Richard Shepherd">Richard Shepherd</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eric_Moonman" title="Eric Moonman">Eric Moonman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basildon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Basildon (UK Parliament constituency)">Basildon</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Proctor" title="Harvey Proctor">Harvey Proctor</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Bates" title="Alfred Bates">Alfred Bates</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bebington_and_Ellesmere_Port" class="mw-redirect" title="Bebington and Ellesmere Port">Bebington and Ellesmere Port</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barry_Porter" title="Barry Porter">Barry Porter</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roderick_MacFarquhar" title="Roderick MacFarquhar">Roderick MacFarquhar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belper_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belper (UK Parliament constituency)">Belper</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Faith" title="Sheila Faith">Sheila Faith</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Carter_(British_politician)" title="Raymond Carter (British politician)">Raymond Carter</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Northfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Birmingham Northfield">Birmingham Northfield</a> </td> <td>Parliamentary Under-Secretary in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Office" title="Northern Ireland Office">Northern Ireland Office</a> (1977–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jocelyn_Cadbury" title="Jocelyn Cadbury">Jocelyn Cadbury</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Litterick" title="Tom Litterick">Tom Litterick</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Selly_Oak" class="mw-redirect" title="Birmingham Selly Oak">Birmingham Selly Oak</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Beaumont-Dark" title="Anthony Beaumont-Dark">Anthony Beaumont-Dark</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Syd_Tierney" title="Syd Tierney">Syd Tierney</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Yardley" class="mw-redirect" title="Birmingham Yardley">Birmingham Yardley</a> </td> <td>President of the <a href="/wiki/Union_of_Shop,_Distributive_and_Allied_Workers" title="Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers">Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Bevan_(politician)" title="David Bevan (politician)">David Bevan</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Caerwyn_Roderick" title="Caerwyn Roderick">Caerwyn Roderick</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brecon_and_Radnorshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Brecon and Radnorshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Brecon and Radnorshire</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hooson" title="Tom Hooson">Tom Hooson</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Ellis_(Labour_politician)" title="John Ellis (Labour politician)">John Ellis</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brigg_and_Scunthorpe" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigg and Scunthorpe">Brigg and Scunthorpe</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Brown_(British_politician)" title="Michael Brown (British politician)">Michael Brown</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Thomas_(politician)" title="Ronald Thomas (politician)">Ronald Thomas</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bristol_North_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Bristol North West">Bristol North West</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Colvin" title="Michael Colvin">Michael Colvin</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Rodgers_(politician)" title="George Rodgers (politician)">George Rodgers</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chorley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Chorley (UK Parliament constituency)">Chorley</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Den_Dover" title="Den Dover">Den Dover</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Wise" title="Audrey Wise">Audrey Wise</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coventry_South_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry South West">Coventry South West</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Butcher_(British_politician)" title="John Butcher (British politician)">John Butcher</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Irving" title="Sydney Irving">Sydney Irving</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dartford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Dartford (UK Parliament constituency)">Dartford</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dunn_(politician)" title="Bob Dunn (politician)">Bob Dunn</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Molloy,_Baron_Molloy" title="William Molloy, Baron Molloy">William Molloy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ealing_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Ealing North">Ealing North</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_Greenway" title="Harry Greenway">Harry Greenway</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Davies,_Baron_Davies_of_Oldham" title="Bryan Davies, Baron Davies of Oldham">Bryan Davies</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enfield_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfield North">Enfield North</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tim_Eggar" title="Tim Eggar">Tim Eggar</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Watkinson" title="John Watkinson">John Watkinson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_West" class="mw-redirect" title="Gloucestershire West">Gloucestershire West</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marland" title="Paul Marland">Paul Marland</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Ovenden" title="John Ovenden">John Ovenden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gravesend_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Gravesend (UK Parliament constituency)">Gravesend</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tim_Brinton" title="Tim Brinton">Tim Brinton</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robin_Corbett" class="mw-redirect" title="Robin Corbett">Robin Corbett</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hemel_Hempstead_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hemel Hempstead (UK Parliament constituency)">Hemel Hempstead</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Lyell" title="Nicholas Lyell">Nicholas Lyell</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Lee_Williams" title="Alan Lee Williams">Alan Lee Williams</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Hornchurch (UK Parliament constituency)">Hornchurch</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robin_Squire" title="Robin Squire">Robin Squire</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Williams" title="Shirley Williams">Shirley Williams</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hertford_and_Stevenage" class="mw-redirect" title="Hertford and Stevenage">Hertford and Stevenage</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Education_and_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State for Education and Science">Secretary of State for Education and Science</a> (1976–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bowen_Wells" title="Bowen Wells">Bowen Wells</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Shaw_(politician)" title="Arnold Shaw (politician)">Arnold Shaw</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilford_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilford South">Ilford South</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neil_Thorne" title="Neil Thorne">Neil Thorne</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Terence_Walker" title="Terence Walker">Terence Walker</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingswood_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Kingswood (UK Parliament constituency)">Kingswood</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jack_Aspinwall" title="Jack Aspinwall">Jack Aspinwall</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Grocott" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruce Grocott">Bruce Grocott</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lichfield_and_Tamworth" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichfield and Tamworth">Lichfield and Tamworth</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Heddle" title="John Heddle">John Heddle</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Beckett" title="Margaret Beckett">Margaret Beckett</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lincoln (UK Parliament constituency)">Lincoln</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Under_Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary Under Secretary of State">Parliamentary Under Secretary of State</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Education_and_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Department for Education and Science">Department for Education and Science</a> (1976–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Carlisle" title="Kenneth Carlisle">Kenneth Carlisle</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Loyden" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Loyden">Edward Loyden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Garston" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool Garston">Liverpool Garston</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Thornton" title="Malcolm Thornton">Malcolm Thornton</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Clemitson" title="Ivor Clemitson">Ivor Clemitson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luton_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Luton East (UK Parliament constituency)">Luton East</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Graham_Bright" title="Graham Bright">Graham Bright</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Sedgemore" title="Brian Sedgemore">Brian Sedgemore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luton_West_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Luton West (UK Parliament constituency)">Luton West</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Russell_Carlisle" class="mw-redirect" title="John Russell Carlisle">John Carlisle</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Desmond_Cronin" class="mw-redirect" title="John Desmond Cronin">John Desmond Cronin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Loughborough_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Loughborough (UK Parliament constituency)">Loughborough</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1955_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1955 United Kingdom general election">1955</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dorrell" title="Stephen Dorrell">Stephen Dorrell</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Tomlinson,_Baron_Tomlinson" title="John Tomlinson, Baron Tomlinson">John Tomlinson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meriden_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Meriden (UK Parliament constituency)">Meriden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs">Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs</a> (1976–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iain_Mills" title="Iain Mills">Iain Mills</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Doug_Hoyle" title="Doug Hoyle">Doug Hoyle</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nelson_and_Colne" class="mw-redirect" title="Nelson and Colne">Nelson and Colne</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Lee,_Baron_Lee_of_Trafford" title="John Lee, Baron Lee of Trafford">John Lee</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bishop,_Baron_Bishopston" title="Edward Bishop, Baron Bishopston">Edward Bishop</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Newark_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Newark (UK Parliament constituency)">Newark</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture,_Fisheries_and_Food_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (United Kingdom)">Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food</a> (1974–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Alexander_(British_politician)" title="Richard Alexander (British politician)">Richard Alexander</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Colquhoun" title="Maureen Colquhoun">Maureen Colquhoun</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northampton_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Northampton North">Northampton North</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antony_Marlow" class="mw-redirect" title="Antony Marlow">Antony Marlow</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Evan_Luard" title="Evan Luard">Evan Luard</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Oxford (UK Parliament constituency)">Oxford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Under-Secretary_of_State_for_Foreign_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs">Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs</a> (1976–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Patten,_Baron_Patten" title="John Patten, Baron Patten">John Patten</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Latham" title="Arthur Latham">Arthur Latham</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paddington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Paddington (UK Parliament constituency)">Paddington</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1969_Paddington_North_by-election" title="1969 Paddington North by-election">1969</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Wheeler_(British_politician)" title="John Wheeler (British politician)">John Wheeler</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ward_(British_politician)" title="Michael Ward (British politician)">Michael Ward</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peterborough_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency)">Peterborough</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Mawhinney" title="Brian Mawhinney">Brian Mawhinney</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Judd" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Judd">Frank Judd</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Portsmouth North">Portsmouth North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs">Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs</a> (1977–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Griffiths" title="Peter Griffiths">Peter Griffiths</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Atkins" title="Ronald Atkins">Ronald Atkins</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Preston_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Preston North">Preston North</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Atkins_(politician)" title="Robert Atkins (politician)">Robert Atkins</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jenkins,_Baron_Jenkins_of_Putney" title="Hugh Jenkins, Baron Jenkins of Putney">Hugh Jenkins</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Putney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Putney (UK Parliament constituency)">Putney</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_the_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State for the Arts">Minister of State for the Arts</a> (1974–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Mellor" title="David Mellor">David Mellor</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bean_(politician)" title="Robert Bean (politician)">Robert Bean</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rochester_and_Chatham" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochester and Chatham">Rochester and Chatham</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Fenner" title="Peggy Fenner">Peggy Fenner</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michael_Noble_(Labour_politician)" title="Michael Noble (Labour politician)">Michael Noble</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rossendale_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Rossendale (UK Parliament constituency)">Rossendale</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Trippier" title="David Trippier">David Trippier</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Price_(Labour_politician)" title="William Price (Labour politician)">William Price</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rugby_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Rugby (UK Parliament constituency)">Rugby</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Pawsey" title="Jim Pawsey">Jim Pawsey</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Gould" title="Bryan Gould">Bryan Gould</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southampton_Test" class="mw-redirect" title="Southampton Test">Southampton Test</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Hill_(Conservative_politician)" title="James Hill (Conservative politician)">James Hill</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Max_Madden" title="Max Madden">Max Madden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sowerby_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Sowerby (UK Parliament constituency)">Sowerby</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Thompson_(politician)" title="Donald Thompson (politician)">Donald Thompson</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Helene_Hayman" class="mw-redirect" title="Helene Hayman">Helene Hayman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Welwyn_Hatfield_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Welwyn Hatfield (UK Parliament constituency)">Welwyn and Hatfield</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Murphy_(British_politician)" title="Christopher Murphy (British politician)">Christopher Murphy</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Fowler" title="Gerry Fowler">Gerald Fowler</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Wrekin_(historic_UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wrekin (historic UK Parliament constituency)">The Wrekin</a> </td> <td>Minister of State for the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Privy Council Office (United Kingdom)">Privy Council Office</a> (1974–1976) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warren_Hawksley" title="Warren Hawksley">Warren Hawksley</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="9" style="background-color: #FDF38E"> </th> <td rowspan="9"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Henderson_(SNP_politician)" title="Douglas Henderson (SNP politician)">Douglas Henderson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Aberdeenshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Aberdeenshire (UK Parliament constituency)">East Aberdeenshire</a> </td> <td>SNP Spokesman for Employment and Industry </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albert_McQuarrie" title="Albert McQuarrie">Albert McQuarrie</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Welsh_(politician)" title="Andrew Welsh (politician)">Andrew Welsh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Angus_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Angus (UK Parliament constituency)">South Angus</a> </td> <td>SNP Spokesperson for Housing </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fraser,_Baron_Fraser_of_Carmyllie" title="Peter Fraser, Baron Fraser of Carmyllie">Peter Fraser</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iain_MacCormick" title="Iain MacCormick">Iain MacCormick</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Argyllshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Argyllshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Argyllshire</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_MacKay,_Baron_MacKay_of_Ardbrecknish" title="John MacKay, Baron MacKay of Ardbrecknish">John Mackay</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hamish_Watt" title="Hamish Watt">Hamish Watt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Banffshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Banffshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Banffshire</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Myles_(politician)" title="David Myles (politician)">David Myles</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Ewing" title="Margaret Ewing">Margaret Ewing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Dunbartonshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)">East Dunbartonshire</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norman_Hogg" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman Hogg">Norman Hogg</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Thompson_(Scottish_National_Party_politician)" title="George Thompson (Scottish National Party politician)">George Thompson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galloway_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Galloway (UK Parliament constituency)">Galloway</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ian_Lang" class="mw-redirect" title="Ian Lang">Ian Lang</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Winnie_Ewing" title="Winnie Ewing">Winnie Ewing</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moray_and_Nairn" class="mw-redirect" title="Moray and Nairn">Moray and Nairn</a> </td> <td>SNP Spokesperson for External Affairs and EEC </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pollock_(politician)" title="Alexander Pollock (politician)">Alex Pollock</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Crawford" title="Douglas Crawford">Douglas Crawford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Perth_and_East_Perthshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Perth and East Perthshire">Perth and East Perthshire</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Walker_(Scottish_Conservative_politician)" title="Bill Walker (Scottish Conservative politician)">Bill Walker</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Reid_(Scottish_politician)" title="George Reid (Scottish politician)">George Reid</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Clackmannan_and_Eastern_Stirlingshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Clackmannan and Eastern Stirlingshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Clackmannan and East Stirlingshire</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_O%27Neill,_Baron_O%27Neill_of_Clackmannan" title="Martin O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of Clackmannan">Martin O'Neill</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5" style="background-color: #0087DC"> </th> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teddy_Taylor" title="Teddy Taylor">Teddy Taylor</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Cathcart_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Glasgow Cathcart (UK Parliament constituency)">Glasgow Cathcart</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland" title="Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland">Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland</a> (1976–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Maxton" title="John Maxton">John Maxton</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_MacKay" title="Andrew MacKay">Andrew MacKay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Stechford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Birmingham Stechford (UK Parliament constituency)">Birmingham Stechford</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1977_Birmingham_Stechford_by-election" title="1977 Birmingham Stechford by-election">1977</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Terry_Davis_(politician)" title="Terry Davis (politician)">Terry Davis</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Richard_Page" title="Richard Page">Richard Page</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Workington_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Workington (UK Parliament constituency)">Workington</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1976_Workington_by-election" title="1976 Workington by-election">1976</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dale_Campbell-Savours" title="Dale Campbell-Savours">Dale Campbell-Savours</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tim_Smith_(British_politician)" title="Tim Smith (British politician)">Tim Smith</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ashfield_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Ashfield (UK Parliament constituency)">Ashfield</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1977_Ashfield_by-election" title="1977 Ashfield by-election">1977</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Haynes_(politician)" title="Frank Haynes (politician)">Frank Haynes</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Robin_Hodgson" class="mw-redirect" title="Robin Hodgson">Robin Hodgson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walsall_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Walsall North">Walsall North</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1976_Walsall_North_by-election" title="1976 Walsall North by-election">1976</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Winnick" title="David Winnick">David Winnick</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="background-color: #FFD700"> </th> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thorpe" title="Jeremy Thorpe">Jeremy Thorpe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Devon_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Devon (UK Parliament constituency)">North Devon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Liberal Party (UK)">Leader of the Liberal Party</a> (1967–1976) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1959_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1959 United Kingdom general election">1959</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tony_Speller" title="Tony Speller">Tony Speller</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Emlyn_Hooson" class="mw-redirect" title="Emlyn Hooson">Emlyn Hooson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Montgomeryshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Montgomeryshire (UK Parliament constituency)">Montgomeryshire</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1962_Montgomeryshire_by-election" title="1962 Montgomeryshire by-election">1962</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Delwyn_Williams" title="Delwyn Williams">Delwyn Williams</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Pardoe" title="John Pardoe">John Pardoe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Cornwall_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Cornwall (UK Parliament constituency)">North Cornwall</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Liberal Party (UK)">Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party</a> (1976–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gerry_Neale" title="Gerry Neale">Gerry Neale</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #0087DC"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background-color: #005B54"> </th> <td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gwynfor_Evans" title="Gwynfor Evans">Gwynfor Evans</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carmarthen_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Carmarthen (UK Parliament constituency)">Carmarthen</a> </td> <td>President of <a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (1945–1981) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roger_Thomas_(British_politician)" title="Roger Thomas (British politician)">Roger Thomas</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background-color: Darkred"> </th> <td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour_Party_(1976)" title="Scottish Labour Party (1976)">SLP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Sillars" title="Jim Sillars">Jim Sillars</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Ayrshire_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency)">South Ayrshire</a> </td> <td>Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour_Party_(1976)" title="Scottish Labour Party (1976)">Scottish Labour Party</a> (1976–1979) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_South_Ayrshire_by-election" title="1970 South Ayrshire by-election">1970</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Foulkes,_Baron_Foulkes_of_Cumnock" title="George Foulkes, Baron Foulkes of Cumnock">George Foulkes</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="background-color: #48A5EE"> </th> <td rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Craig_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="William Craig (Northern Ireland politician)">William Craig</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> </td> <td style="background-color: #D46A4C"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election">List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1979 United Kingdom local elections">1979 United Kingdom local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_England" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in England">1979 United Kingdom general election in England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Northern_Ireland" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland">1979 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Scotland" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in Scotland">1979 United Kingdom general election in Scotland</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-LabourSpeaker-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LabourSpeaker_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LabourSpeaker_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The seat and vote count figures for Labour given here include the Speaker of the House of Commons</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VPUP-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VPUP_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Vanguard_Progressive_Unionist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party">Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party</a> had folded in 1978. Of its three MPs, two joined the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (one held his seat, the other lost to the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a>) and the third defended and held his seat for the <a href="/wiki/United_Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="United Ulster Unionist Party">United Ulster Unionist Party</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IUU-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IUU_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/James_Kilfedder" title="James Kilfedder">James Kilfedder</a> had been previously elected as an Ulster Unionist MP, but left the party, defending and holding his seat as an Independent Ulster Unionist. He subsequently founded the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Popular_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Popular Unionist Party">Ulster Popular Unionist Party</a> but did not use that label in this election.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeckett2009460-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckett2009460_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeckett2009460_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeckett2009">Beckett 2009</a>, p. 460.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exWDguPklGg"><span class="plainlinks">BBC 1979 Election coverage</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/vote_2005/basics/4393311.stm">"1979: Thatcher wins Tory landslide"</a>, <i>BBC News</i>, 5 April 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2012</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=1979%3A+Thatcher+wins+Tory+landslide&rft.date=2005-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk_politics%2Fvote_2005%2Fbasics%2F4393311.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHicksonSeldon2004293-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHicksonSeldon2004293_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHicksonSeldon2004">Hickson & Seldon 2004</a>, p. 293.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19980525042748/http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/area/uk/man/lib79.htm">"The Real Fight is for Britain"</a>, <i>psr.Keele.ac.UK</i>, 25 February 1998, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/area/uk/man/lib79.htm">the original</a> on 25 May 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=psr.Keele.ac.UK&rft.atitle=The+Real+Fight+is+for+Britain&rft.date=1998-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psr.keele.ac.uk%2Farea%2Fuk%2Fman%2Flib79.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECaryl20143391–3428-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECaryl20143391–3428_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECaryl20143391–3428_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCaryl2014">Caryl 2014</a>, pp. 3391–3428.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GH3April1979page1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GH3April1979page1_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkhouse1979" class="citation news cs1">Parkhouse, Geoffrey (3 April 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=GGgVawPscysC&dat=19790403&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Thatcher hesitates over TV challenge"</a>. <i>The Glasgow Herald</i>. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Glasgow+Herald&rft.atitle=Thatcher+hesitates+over+TV+challenge&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1979-04-03&rft.aulast=Parkhouse&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DGGgVawPscysC%26dat%3D19790403%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GH4April1979p1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GH4April1979p1_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkhouse1979" class="citation news cs1">Parkhouse, Geoffrey (4 April 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=GGgVawPscysC&dat=19790404&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Geoffrey Parkhouse, Political Editor, writes"</a>. <i>The Glasgow Herald</i>. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Glasgow+Herald&rft.atitle=Geoffrey+Parkhouse%2C+Political+Editor%2C+writes&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1979-04-04&rft.aulast=Parkhouse&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DGGgVawPscysC%26dat%3D19790404%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1990131-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1990131_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoung1990">Young 1990</a>, p. 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.labour-party.org.uk/manifestos/1979/1979-labour-manifesto.shtml">"1979 Labour Party Manifesto – The Labour Way is the Better Way"</a>. <i>Archive of Labour Party Manifestos</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archive+of+Labour+Party+Manifestos&rft.atitle=1979+Labour+Party+Manifesto+%E2%80%93+The+Labour+Way+is+the+Better+Way&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.labour-party.org.uk%2Fmanifestos%2F1979%2F1979-labour-manifesto.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECampbell2000432-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampbell2000432_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCampbell2000">Campbell 2000</a>, p. 432.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.margaretthatcher.org/speeches/displaydocument.asp?docid=104011"><i>Speech to Conservative Rally in Cardiff</i></a>, Margaret Thatcher Foundation, 16 April 1979<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Speech+to+Conservative+Rally+in+Cardiff&rft.pub=Margaret+Thatcher+Foundation&rft.date=1979-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.margaretthatcher.org%2Fspeeches%2Fdisplaydocument.asp%3Fdocid%3D104011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GH29April1979p1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GH29April1979p1_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussell1979" class="citation news cs1">Russell, William (30 April 1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=GGgVawPscysC&dat=19790430&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Ex-Labour MP defects to Tories"</a>. <i>The Glasgow Herald</i>. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Glasgow+Herald&rft.atitle=Ex-Labour+MP+defects+to+Tories&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1979-04-30&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DGGgVawPscysC%26dat%3D19790430%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980343-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980343_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFButlerKavanagh1980">Butler & Kavanagh 1980</a>, p. 343.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWitte201454-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWitte201454_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWitte2014">Witte (2014)</a>, p. 54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWitte201453–54-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWitte201453–54_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWitte2014">Witte (2014)</a>, pp. 53–54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFriedman200613-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFriedman200613_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedman2006">Friedman (2006)</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMitchellRussell1989-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMitchellRussell1989_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMitchellRussell1989">Mitchell & Russell (1989)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWard2004128Vinen2009227,_279-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWard2004128Vinen2009227,_279_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWard2004">Ward (2004)</a>, p. 128; <a href="#CITEREFVinen2009">Vinen (2009)</a>, pp. 227, 279.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHansen2000207–208-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHansen2000207–208_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHansen2000">Hansen (2000)</a>, pp. 207–208.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnwar2001-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnwar2001_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnwar2001">Anwar (2001)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politicshome.com/thehouse/article/black-conservatives">"Black Conservatives: Are the Tories the new party of diversity?"</a>. 16 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Black+Conservatives%3A+Are+the+Tories+the+new+party+of+diversity%3F&rft.date=2020-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politicshome.com%2Fthehouse%2Farticle%2Fblack-conservatives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980166-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEButlerKavanagh1980166_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFButlerKavanagh1980">Butler & Kavanagh 1980</a>, p. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Keesing's Record of World Events</i>, vol. 25, June 1979, p. 29633</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Keesing%27s+Record+of+World+Events&rft.pages=29633&rft.date=1979-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elected as a Labour MP</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnwar2001" class="citation journal cs1">Anwar, Muhammad (2001). "The participation of ethnic minorities in British politics". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Ethnic_and_Migration_Studies" title="Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies">Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies</a></i>. <b>27</b> (3): 533–549. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F136918301200266220">10.1080/136918301200266220</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144867334">144867334</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnic+and+Migration+Studies&rft.atitle=The+participation+of+ethnic+minorities+in+British+politics&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=533-549&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F136918301200266220&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144867334%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Anwar&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeckett2009" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Beckett" title="Andy Beckett">Beckett, Andy</a> (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-NURERF4hb8C"><i>When the Lights Went Out: Britain in the Seventies</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Faber_and_Faber" class="mw-redirect" title="Faber and Faber">Faber and Faber</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-571-25226-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-571-25226-8"><bdi>978-0-571-25226-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=When+the+Lights+Went+Out%3A+Britain+in+the+Seventies&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-571-25226-8&rft.aulast=Beckett&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-NURERF4hb8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButlerKavanagh1980" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/David_Butler_(psephologist)" title="David Butler (psephologist)">Butler, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kavanagh" title="Dennis Kavanagh">Kavanagh, Dennis</a> (1980), <i>The British General Election of 1979</i>, London: Macmillan, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-77875-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-77875-3"><bdi>978-0-333-77875-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+British+General+Election+of+1979&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-333-77875-3&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Kavanagh%2C+Dennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/britishgeneralel0000butl">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2000" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell_(biographer)" title="John Campbell (biographer)">Campbell, John</a> (2000), <i>Margaret Thatcher, Volume One: The Grocer's Daughter</i>, London: <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Cape" title="Jonathan Cape">Jonathan Cape</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-224-04097-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-224-04097-6"><bdi>978-0-224-04097-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Margaret+Thatcher%2C+Volume+One%3A+The+Grocer%27s+Daughter&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Jonathan+Cape&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-224-04097-6&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaryl2014" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Caryl" title="Christian Caryl">Caryl, Christian</a> (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jlk4DgAAQBAJ"><i>Strange Rebels: 1979 and the Birth of the 21st Century</i></a>, Basic Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-465-06564-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-465-06564-6"><bdi>978-0-465-06564-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strange+Rebels%3A+1979+and+the+Birth+of+the+21st+Century&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-465-06564-6&rft.aulast=Caryl&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Djlk4DgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman2006" class="citation book cs1">Friedman, Lester D., ed. (2006). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qUhg-dDTnGkC"><i>Fires Were Started: British Cinema and Thatcherism</i></a></span>. Wallflower Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904764-71-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-904764-71-7"><bdi>978-1-904764-71-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fires+Were+Started%3A+British+Cinema+and+Thatcherism&rft.pub=Wallflower+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-904764-71-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqUhg-dDTnGkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHansen2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Randall_Hansen" title="Randall Hansen">Hansen, Randall</a> (2000). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qj8GEjW91oEC"><i>Citizenship and Immigration in Post-war Britain</i></a></span>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-158301-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-158301-8"><bdi>978-0-19-158301-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Citizenship+and+Immigration+in+Post-war+Britain&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19-158301-8&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=Randall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dqj8GEjW91oEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHicksonSeldon2004" class="citation cs2">Hickson, Kevin; <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Seldon" title="Anthony Seldon">Seldon, Anthony</a> (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z45mjFt_d-EC"><i>New Labour, Old Labour: The Wilson and Callaghan Governments 1974–1979</i></a>, Routledge, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-38161-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-38161-6"><bdi>978-1-134-38161-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Labour%2C+Old+Labour%3A+The+Wilson+and+Callaghan+Governments+1974%E2%80%931979&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-134-38161-6&rft.aulast=Hickson&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.au=Seldon%2C+Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ45mjFt_d-EC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitchellRussell1989" class="citation journal cs1">Mitchell, Mark; Russell, Dave (1989). "Race, the new right and state policy in Britain". <i>Immigrants & Minorities</i>. <b>8</b> (1–2): 175–190. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02619288.1989.9974714">10.1080/02619288.1989.9974714</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immigrants+%26+Minorities&rft.atitle=Race%2C+the+new+right+and+state+policy+in+Britain&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=175-190&rft.date=1989&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F02619288.1989.9974714&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Russell%2C+Dave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard2004" class="citation book cs1">Ward, Paul (2004). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FtAiLTYSpA4C&pg=PA113">"A new way of being British"</a></span>. <i>Britishness Since 1870</i>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-22016-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-22016-3"><bdi>978-0-415-22016-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+new+way+of+being+British&rft.btitle=Britishness+Since+1870&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-415-22016-3&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFtAiLTYSpA4C%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVinen2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Vinen" title="Richard Vinen">Vinen, Richard</a> (2009). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IZsXpZTCQKQC"><i>Thatcher's Britain: The Politics and Social Upheaval of the Thatcher Era</i></a></span>. Simon & Schuster (published 2013). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-2828-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4711-2828-8"><bdi>978-1-4711-2828-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thatcher%27s+Britain%3A+The+Politics+and+Social+Upheaval+of+the+Thatcher+Era&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4711-2828-8&rft.aulast=Vinen&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIZsXpZTCQKQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWitte2014" class="citation cs2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rob_Witte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rob Witte (page does not exist)">Witte, Rob</a> (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-Xd_BAAAQBAJ"><i>Racist Violence and the State: A Comparative Analysis of Britain, France and the Netherlands</i></a>, Routledge, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-88919-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-88919-9"><bdi>978-1-317-88919-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Racist+Violence+and+the+State%3A+A+Comparative+Analysis+of+Britain%2C+France+and+the+Netherlands&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-317-88919-9&rft.aulast=Witte&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-Xd_BAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung1990" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Young" title="Hugo Young">Young, Hugo</a> (1990), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaGfAAAAMAAJ"><i>One of Us: A Biography of Margaret Thatcher</i></a>, Pan Books, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-330-31487-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-330-31487-9"><bdi>978-0-330-31487-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=One+of+Us%3A+A+Biography+of+Margaret+Thatcher&rft.pub=Pan+Books&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-330-31487-9&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Hugo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZaGfAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButler1980" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/David_Butler_(psephologist)" title="David Butler (psephologist)">Butler, David E.</a>; et al. (1980), <i>The British General Election of 1979</i>,</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+British+General+Election+of+1979&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span> the standard scholarly study</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2008" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell_(biographer)" title="John Campbell (biographer)">Campbell, John</a> (2008), <i>Margaret Thatcher, Volume 1: The Grocer's Daughter</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Margaret+Thatcher%2C+Volume+1%3A+The+Grocer%27s+Daughter&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraig1989" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/F._W._S._Craig" title="F. W. S. Craig">Craig, F.W.S.</a> (1989), <i>British Electoral Facts: 1832–1987</i>, Dartmouth: Gower, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-900178-30-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-900178-30-2"><bdi>0-900178-30-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=British+Electoral+Facts%3A+1832%E2%80%931987&rft.place=Dartmouth&rft.pub=Gower&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-900178-30-2&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=F.W.S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins1989" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jenkins_(journalist)" title="Peter Jenkins (journalist)">Jenkins, Peter</a> (1989), <i>Mrs. Thatcher's Revolution: The Ending of the Socialist Era</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mrs.+Thatcher%27s+Revolution%3A+The+Ending+of+the+Socialist+Era&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcAllisterMughan1985" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Ian_McAllister_(political_scientist)" title="Ian McAllister (political scientist)">McAllister, Ian</a>; Mughan, Anthony (1985), "Attitudes, Issues, and Labour Party Decline in England, 1974–1979", <i>Comparative Political Studies</i>, <b>18</b> (1): 37–57, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0010414085018001002">10.1177/0010414085018001002</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153934506">153934506</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Political+Studies&rft.atitle=Attitudes%2C+Issues%2C+and+Labour+Party+Decline+in+England%2C+1974%E2%80%931979&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=37-57&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0010414085018001002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153934506%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=McAllister&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.au=Mughan%2C+Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenniman1981" class="citation cs2">Penniman, Howard R. (1981), <i>Britain at the Polls, 1979: A Study of the General Election</i>, p. 345</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britain+at+the+Polls%2C+1979%3A+A+Study+of+the+General+Election&rft.pages=345&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Penniman&rft.aufirst=Howard+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/britainatpolls190000unse_t1u0/page/n3/mode/2up">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSärlvikCrewe1983" class="citation cs2">Särlvik, Bo; <a href="/wiki/Ivor_Crewe" title="Ivor Crewe">Crewe, Ivor</a> (1983), <i>Decade of Dealignment: The Conservative Victory of 1979 & Electoral Trends in the 1970s</i>, p. 393</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decade+of+Dealignment%3A+The+Conservative+Victory+of+1979+%26+Electoral+Trends+in+the+1970s&rft.pages=393&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=S%C3%A4rlvik&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.au=Crewe%2C+Ivor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1979+United+Kingdom+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html">United Kingdom election results—summary results 1885–1979</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080223222448/http://www.election.demon.co.uk/geresults.html">Archived</a> 23 February 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manifestos">Manifestos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Manifestos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130522104806/http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/man/con79.htm">Conservative manifesto, 1979</a>, 1979 Conservative Party manifesto</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130730190133/http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/man/lab79.htm"><i>The Labour Way is the Better Way</i></a>, 1979 Labour Party manifesto</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130603190458/http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/man/lib79.htm"><i>The Real Fight is for Britain</i></a>, 1979 Liberal Party manifesto</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Template:1979 United Kingdom general election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Template talk:1979 United Kingdom general election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1979 United Kingdom general election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1979 United Kingdom general election</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election">MPs elected</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Scotland_(1979%E2%80%931983)#List" title="List of MPs for constituencies in Scotland (1979–1983)">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_for_constituencies_in_Wales_(1979%E2%80%931983)" title="List of MPs for constituencies in Wales (1979–1983)">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Opinion polling for the 1979 United Kingdom general election">Opinion polling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #ddddff;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incumbent <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">prime minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a>)</li> <li>Appointed prime minister: <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties elected to<br /> the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> (<a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> (<a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK)" title="Liberal Party (UK)">Liberal</a> (<a href="/wiki/David_Steel" title="David Steel">David Steel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Harry_West" title="Harry West">Harry West</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Billy_Wolfe_(politician)" title="Billy Wolfe (politician)">William Wolfe</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gwynfor_Evans" title="Gwynfor Evans">Gwynfor Evans</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gerry_Fitt" title="Gerry Fitt">Gerry Fitt</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="United Ulster Unionist Party">United Ulster Unionist Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ernest_Baird" title="Ernest Baird">Ernest Baird</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Popular_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Popular Unionist Party">Ulster Popular Unionist Party</a> (<a href="/wiki/James_Kilfedder" title="James Kilfedder">James Kilfedder</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Results by area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_England" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Northern_Ireland" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Scotland" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election_in_Wales" title="1979 United Kingdom general election in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thorpe_affair" title="Thorpe affair">Thorpe affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Isn%27t_Working" title="Labour Isn't Working">Labour Isn't Working</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">Winter of Discontent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Scottish_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Scottish devolution referendum">1979 Scottish devolution referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Welsh devolution referendum">1979 Welsh devolution referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Airey_Neave" title="Assassination of Airey Neave">Assassination of Airey Neave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1979 United Kingdom local elections">1979 United Kingdom local elections</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Elections_and_referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Kingdom_elections" title="Template:United Kingdom elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Kingdom_elections" title="Template talk:United Kingdom elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Kingdom_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Kingdom elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Kingdom&#124;link=United_Kingdom_Elections_and_referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Elections in the United Kingdom">Elections</a> and <a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Referendums in the United Kingdom">referendums</a> in the United Kingdom</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_general_elections" title="List of United Kingdom general elections">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1802_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1802 United Kingdom general election">1802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1806_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1806 United Kingdom general election">1806</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1807_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1807 United Kingdom general election">1807</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1812_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1812 United Kingdom general election">1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1818_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1818 United Kingdom general election">1818</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1820_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1820 United Kingdom general election">1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1826_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1826 United Kingdom general election">1826</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1830_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1830 United Kingdom general election">1830</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1831_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1831 United Kingdom general election">1831</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1832 United Kingdom general election">1832</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1835_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1835 United Kingdom general election">1835</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1837_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1837 United Kingdom general election">1837</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1841_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1841 United Kingdom general election">1841</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1847_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1847 United Kingdom general election">1847</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1852 United Kingdom general election">1852</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1857_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1857 United Kingdom general election">1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1859_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1859 United Kingdom general election">1859</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1865_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1865 United Kingdom general election">1865</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1868 United Kingdom general election">1868</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1874 United Kingdom general election">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1880 United Kingdom general election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1885_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1885 United Kingdom general election">1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1886 United Kingdom general election">1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1892 United Kingdom general election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1895_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1895 United Kingdom general election">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1900 United Kingdom general election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1906 United Kingdom general election">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_1910_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="January 1910 United Kingdom general election">1910 (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_1910_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="December 1910 United Kingdom general election">1910 (Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1918 United Kingdom general election">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1922 United Kingdom general election">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1923 United Kingdom general election">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1924 United Kingdom general election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1929 United Kingdom general election">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1931 United Kingdom general election">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1935 United Kingdom general election">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1950 United Kingdom general election">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1951 United Kingdom general election">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1955 United Kingdom general election">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1959 United Kingdom general election">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1966 United Kingdom general election">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1970 United Kingdom general election">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974 (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">1974 (Oct)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Next_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="Next United Kingdom general election">Next</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Local government in the United Kingdom">Local elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1889_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1889 United Kingdom local elections">1889</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1890_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1890 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1892 United Kingdom local elections">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1894 United Kingdom local elections">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1895_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1895 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1896 United Kingdom local elections">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1897_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1897 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1898_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1898 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1899_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1899 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1899</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1900_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1900 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1901_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1901 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1902_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1902 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1903_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1903 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1904_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1904 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1905_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1905 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1906_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1906 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1907_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1907 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1908_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1908 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1909 United Kingdom local elections">1909</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1910_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1910 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1911_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1911 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1912_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1912 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1913_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1913 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1913</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1914_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1914 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1915_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1915 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1919_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1919 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1919</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1920_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1920 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1921_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1921 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1922_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1922 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1923_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1923 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1924_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1924 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1925_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1925 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1926_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1926 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1927_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1927 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1928_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1928 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1929_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1929 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1930_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1930 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1931_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1931 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1932_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1932 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1933_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1933 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1934 United Kingdom local elections">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1935_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1935 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1936_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1936 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1937_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1937 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1938_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1938 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1945_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1945 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1946_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1946 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1947_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1947 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1947</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1948_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1948 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1949 United Kingdom local elections">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1950_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1950 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1951_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1951 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1952_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1952 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1953_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1953 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1954_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1954 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1955 United Kingdom local elections">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1956_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1956 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1956</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1957_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1957 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1958 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1959_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1959 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1959</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1960_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1960 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1961_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1961 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1962_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1962 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1963_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1964 United Kingdom local elections">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1965 United Kingdom local elections">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1966_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1966 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1967_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1967 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1968_United_Kingdom_local_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1968 United Kingdom local elections (page does not exist)">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1969 United Kingdom local elections">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1970 United Kingdom local elections">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1971 United Kingdom local elections">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1972 United Kingdom local elections">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1973 United Kingdom local elections">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1974 United Kingdom local elections">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1975 United Kingdom local elections">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1976 United Kingdom local elections">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1977 United Kingdom local elections">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1978 United Kingdom local elections">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1979 United Kingdom local elections">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1980 United Kingdom local elections">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1981 United Kingdom local elections">1981</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1982 United Kingdom local elections">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1983 United Kingdom local elections">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1984 United Kingdom local elections">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1985 United Kingdom local elections">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1986 United Kingdom local elections">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1987 United Kingdom local elections">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1988 United Kingdom local elections">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1989 United Kingdom local elections">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1990 United Kingdom local elections">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1991 United Kingdom local elections">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1992 United Kingdom local elections">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1993 United Kingdom local elections">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1994 United Kingdom local elections">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1995 United Kingdom local elections">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1996 United Kingdom local elections">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1997 United Kingdom local elections">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1998 United Kingdom local elections">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="1999 United Kingdom local elections">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2000 United Kingdom local elections">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2001 United Kingdom local elections">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2002 United Kingdom local elections">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2003 United Kingdom local elections">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2004 United Kingdom local elections">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2005 United Kingdom local elections">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2006 United Kingdom local elections">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2007 United Kingdom local elections">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2008 United Kingdom local elections">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2009 United Kingdom local elections">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2010 United Kingdom local elections">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2011 United Kingdom local elections">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2012 United Kingdom local elections">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2013 United Kingdom local elections">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2014 United Kingdom local elections">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2015 United Kingdom local elections">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2016 United Kingdom local elections">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2017 United Kingdom local elections">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2018 United Kingdom local elections">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2019 United Kingdom local elections">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2021 United Kingdom local elections">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2022 United Kingdom local elections">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2023 United Kingdom local elections">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2024 United Kingdom local elections">2024</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2025_United_Kingdom_local_elections" title="2025 United Kingdom local elections">2025</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_to_the_European_Parliament" title="Elections to the European Parliament">European elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1979 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1984 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1989 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1994 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1999 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2004 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2009 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2014 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">2019</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Referendums in the United Kingdom">Referendums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1975_United_Kingdom_European_Communities_membership_referendum" title="1975 United Kingdom European Communities membership referendum">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" title="2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="hlist"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd>Elections in <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_England" title="Elections in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Elections in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Scotland" title="Elections in Scotland">Scotland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">Wales</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_the_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Elections in the Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Margaret_Thatcher" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Template:Margaret Thatcher"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Template talk:Margaret Thatcher"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Margaret Thatcher"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Margaret_Thatcher" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> (1979–1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)">Leader of the Conservative Party</a> (1975–1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">MP for <a href="/wiki/Finchley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Finchley (UK Parliament constituency)">Finchley</a> (1959–1992)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member of Parliament</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Bodies_(Admission_to_Meetings)_Act_1960" title="Public Bodies (Admission to Meetings) Act 1960">Public Bodies (Admission to Meetings) Act (1960)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_10/70" title="Circular 10/70">Circular 10/70</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Shadow Cabinet of Margaret Thatcher">Shadow Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britain_Awake" title="Britain Awake">"Britain Awake" (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">Vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry (1979)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Margaret_Thatcher_(1983).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg/85px-Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg/128px-Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg/170px-Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2444" data-file-height="3259" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ideology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">Free market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_democracy" title="Union democracy">Union democracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Premiership of Margaret Thatcher">Premiership</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ministers_under_Margaret_Thatcher" title="List of ministers under Margaret Thatcher">Ministers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wets_and_dries" title="Wets and dries">wets and dries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1979%E2%80%931985)" title="Cold War (1979–1985)">1st term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1985%E2%80%931991)" title="Cold War (1985–1991)">2nd–3rd term</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/First_Thatcher_ministry" title="First Thatcher ministry">1st ministry<br />(1979–1983)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/June_1979_United_Kingdom_budget" title="June 1979 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1980 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_lady%27s_not_for_turning" title="The lady's not for turning">"The lady's not for turning" (1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1981 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1981)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_25" title="Gang of 25">Gang of 25</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">Irish hunger strike (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1982 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1982)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> (1982) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rejoice_(Margaret_Thatcher)" title="Rejoice (Margaret Thatcher)">"Rejoice"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Gould%E2%80%93Margaret_Thatcher_exchange" title="Diana Gould–Margaret Thatcher exchange">Diana Gould exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_flags_over_Port_Stanley" title="White flags over Port Stanley">"White flags over Port Stanley"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1983 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1983)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Second_Thatcher_ministry" title="Second Thatcher ministry">2nd ministry<br />(1983–1987)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1984 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1984)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_hotel_bombing" title="Brighton hotel bombing">Brighton hotel bombing</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GCHQ_trade_union_ban" title="GCHQ trade union ban">GCHQ trade union ban</a> (1984) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Civil_Service_Unions_v_Minister_for_the_Civil_Service" title="Council of Civil Service Unions v Minister for the Civil Service">CCSU case</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984%E2%80%931985_United_Kingdom_miners%27_strike" title="1984–1985 United Kingdom miners' strike">Miners' strike (1984–85)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1985 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Agreement" title="Anglo-Irish Agreement">Anglo-Irish Agreement</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1985" title="Local Government Act 1985">Local Government Act (1985)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rate-capping_rebellion" title="Rate-capping rebellion">rate-capping rebellion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_affair" title="Westland affair">Westland affair</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1986 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1986)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1987 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1987)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Third_Thatcher_ministry" title="Third Thatcher ministry">3rd ministry<br />(1987–1990)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1988 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988%E2%80%931994_British_broadcasting_voice_restrictions" title="1988–1994 British broadcasting voice restrictions">Broadcasting restrictions (1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mound" title="Sermon on the Mound">"Sermon on the Mound" (1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruges_speech" title="Bruges speech">Bruges speech</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1989 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poll_tax_(Great_Britain)" title="Poll tax (Great Britain)">Community Charge (1989–90)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poll_tax_riots" title="Poll tax riots">Poll tax riots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1990 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._No._No._(Margaret_Thatcher)" title="No. No. No. (Margaret Thatcher)">"No. No. No." (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Prime_Minister%27s_Resignation_Honours" title="1990 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours">Resignation Honours (1990)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Margaret_Thatcher#Conservative_Party_leadership_elections" title="Electoral history of Margaret Thatcher">Party elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1975_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1975 Conservative Party leadership election">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1989 Conservative Party leadership election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1990 Conservative Party leadership election">1990</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Margaret_Thatcher#United_Kingdom_general_elections" title="Electoral history of Margaret Thatcher">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Bibliography of Margaret Thatcher">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Downing_Street_Years" title="The Downing Street Years">The Downing Street Years</a></i> (1993 autobiography)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Path_to_Power_(Thatcher_book)" title="The Path to Power (Thatcher book)">The Path to Power</a></i> (1995 memoir)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Statecraft:_Strategies_for_a_Changing_World" title="Statecraft: Strategies for a Changing World">Statecraft: Strategies for a Changing World</a></i> (2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher">Denis Thatcher</a> (husband) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thatcher_baronets" title="Thatcher baronets">baronetcy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Thatcher" title="Mark Thatcher">Mark Thatcher</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Thatcher" title="Carol Thatcher">Carol Thatcher</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Roberts" title="Alfred Roberts">Alfred Roberts</a> (father)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_have_become_a_grandmother" title="We have become a grandmother">We have become a grandmother</a>" (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Cultural depictions of Margaret Thatcher">Cultural depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film and<br />television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anyone_for_Denis%3F_(video)" title="Anyone for Denis? (video)">Anyone for Denis?</a></i> (1982 TV play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image">Spitting Image</a></i> (1984–1996 & 2020 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Statesman_(1987_TV_series)" title="The New Statesman (1987 TV series)">The New Statesman</a></i> (1987–1991 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thatcher:_The_Final_Days" title="Thatcher: The Final Days">Thatcher: The Final Days</a></i> (1991 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Falklands_Play" title="The Falklands Play">The Falklands Play</a></i> (2002 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Archer:_The_Truth" title="Jeffrey Archer: The Truth">Jeffrey Archer: The Truth</a></i> (2002 TV film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alan_Clark_Diaries" title="The Alan Clark Diaries">The Alan Clark Diaries</a></i> (2004 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pinochet_in_Suburbia" title="Pinochet in Suburbia">Pinochet in Suburbia</a></i> (2006 docudrama)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Walk_to_Finchley" title="The Long Walk to Finchley">The Long Walk to Finchley</a></i> (2008 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Margaret_(2009_film)" title="Margaret (2009 film)">Margaret</a></i> (2009 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_(British_TV_serial)" title="The Queen (British TV serial)">The Queen</a></i> (2009 TV serial)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Iron_Lady_(film)" title="The Iron Lady (film)">The Iron Lady</a></i> (2011 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hunt_for_Tony_Blair" title="The Hunt for Tony Blair">The Hunt for Tony Blair</a></i> (2011 episode)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Search_of_La_Che" title="In Search of La Che">In Search of La Che</a></i> (2011 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Crown_season_4" title="The Crown season 4">The Crown</a></i> (2020 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reagan_(2024_film)" title="Reagan (2024 film)">Reagan</a></i> (2024 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Handbagged" title="Handbagged">Handbagged</a></i> (2010, 2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Audience_(2013_play)" title="The Audience (2013 play)">The Audience</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher_(London_Guildhall)" title="Statue of Margaret Thatcher (London Guildhall)">London Guildhall (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher_(Palace_of_Westminster)" title="Statue of Margaret Thatcher (Palace of Westminster)">Palace of Westminster (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher_(Grantham)" title="Statue of Margaret Thatcher (Grantham)">Grantham (2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Portrait of Margaret Thatcher">Richard Stone portrait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blatcherism" title="Blatcherism">Blatcherism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Death and funeral of Margaret Thatcher">Death and funeral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_honours_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="List of honours of Margaret Thatcher">Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thatchergate" title="Thatchergate">Thatchergate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>← <b><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a></b> →</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Category:Margaret Thatcher">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="James_Callaghan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:James_Callaghan" title="Template:James Callaghan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:James_Callaghan" title="Template talk:James Callaghan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:James_Callaghan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:James Callaghan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="James_Callaghan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premiership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_government,_1974%E2%80%931979" title="Labour government, 1974–1979">1976–1979</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Callaghan.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/James_Callaghan.JPG/100px-James_Callaghan.JPG" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/James_Callaghan.JPG/150px-James_Callaghan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/James_Callaghan.JPG/200px-James_Callaghan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1144" data-file-height="1468" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1979</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referenda</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_Scottish_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Scottish devolution referendum">1979 Scottish devolution referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Welsh_devolution_referendum" title="1979 Welsh devolution referendum">1979 Welsh devolution referendum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Party elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Labour_Party_deputy_leadership_election" title="1960 Labour Party deputy leadership election">Deputy leadership 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Labour_Party_leadership_election_(UK)" title="1963 Labour Party leadership election (UK)">Leadership 1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Labour_Party_leadership_election" title="1976 Labour Party leadership election">Leadership 1976</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_South_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cardiff South (UK Parliament constituency)">Cardiff South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_South_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cardiff South East (UK Parliament constituency)">Cardiff South East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardiff_South_and_Penarth_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cardiff South and Penarth (UK Parliament constituency)">Cardiff South and Penarth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Callaghan" title="Audrey Callaghan">Audrey Callaghan</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Jay,_Baroness_Jay_of_Paddington" title="Margaret Jay, Baroness Jay of Paddington">Margaret Jay</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jay_(diplomat)" title="Peter Jay (diplomat)">Peter Jay</a> (son-in-law)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cultural depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Audience_(2013_play)" title="The Audience (2013 play)">The Audience</a></i> (Play, 2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_sterling_crisis" title="1976 sterling crisis">1976 sterling crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_of_Discontent" title="Winter of Discontent">Winter of Discontent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">1979 vote of no confidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_1979_United_Kingdom_budget" title="April 1979 United Kingdom budget">1979 budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Dissolution_Honours" title="1979 Dissolution Honours">Resignation Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House_(United_Kingdom)" title="Father of the House (United Kingdom)">Father of the House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>← <b><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Harold Wilson</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></b> →</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:James_Callaghan" title="Category:James Callaghan">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&oldid=1256542724">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1979_United_Kingdom_general_election&oldid=1256542724</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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