Aalto Doctoral Programme in Business, Economics and Finance

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<div id="block-aalto-aaltofi-aaltoquicksearch" class="block block-pdb-vue block-vue-componentaalto-quick-search"> <div class="aalto-quick-search" id="005e07ee-6484-48e6-933d-8bd36d4118b9"><div id="aalto-quicksearch2"></div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-article "> <div class="article-container"> <form class="content-moderation-entity-moderation-form aalto-form" data-drupal-selector="content-moderation-entity-moderation-form" action="/en/study-options/aalto-doctoral-programme-in-business-economics-and-finance?redirectFrom=node/174371" method="post" id="content-moderation-entity-moderation-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-znm8ly9-u2m7okhy6p1te-1txoqspc5bztkmbzjsqhs" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-zNm8Ly9-u2m7OkhY6P1te_1TxOqSPC5bztKMBZjsQHs" class="aalto-form__input aalto-form__hidden" /> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-content-moderation-entity-moderation-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="content_moderation_entity_moderation_form" class="aalto-form__input aalto-form__hidden" /> </form> </div> <div class="aalto-article__top-wrapper"> <div class="article-container aalto-article__top"> <div class="aalto-article__hub-text"> <a href="/en/study-options" hreflang="en">Study options</a> </div> <h1> Aalto Doctoral Programme in Business, Economics and Finance</h1> <div class="aalto-study__ingress"> Aalto Doctoral Programme in Business, Economics and Finance is a four-year, English-language doctoral programme. It provides doctoral students with comprehensive research training in a unique multidisciplinary environment, characterized by a longstanding commitment to research excellence and courageous, low-hierarchy culture with empowered students. The programme is designed for highly-motivated and ambitious aspiring business, economics and finance scholars who have excellent analytical, critical thinking, communication, and interpersonal skills and who are willing to serve as the future leaders in the world of higher education and academic research.<br /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-article__hero-wrap full-bleed-container full-bleed-container--hero"> <div class="aalto-article__hero-container aalto-article__hero-container--default"> <figure> <div class=""> <div class="media-with-caption__container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2_3_1040w_452h_n/public/2020-11/Aaltoyliopisto_230916_photo_Aino_Huovio-2472.jpg?h=d64a38ff&itok=ZeRB7rCw 1040w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_1380w_600h_n/public/2020-11/Aaltoyliopisto_230916_photo_Aino_Huovio-2472.jpg?h=d64a38ff&itok=WyzwGd95 1380w" media="all and (min-width: 900px)" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1540px) 1380px, (min-width: 900px) calc(100vw - 160px), calc(100vw - 160px)" width="1380" height="600"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_6_567w_354h_n/public/2020-11/Aaltoyliopisto_230916_photo_Aino_Huovio-2472.jpg?h=d64a38ff&itok=8OP8fLTA 567w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_6_819w_512h_n/public/2020-11/Aaltoyliopisto_230916_photo_Aino_Huovio-2472.jpg?h=d64a38ff&itok=_5nzuGGl 819w" media="all and (max-width: 899px)" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 80px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="512"/> <img loading="eager" width="567" height="354" data-original-width="3861" data-original-height="2574" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_6_567w_354h_n/public/2020-11/Aaltoyliopisto_230916_photo_Aino_Huovio-2472.jpg?h=d64a38ff&itok=8OP8fLTA" alt="Four students studying together. Three of them have their computer and one is having papers in front of them." /> </picture> </div> </div> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-container"> <div class="article-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-list aalto-study_feature-list"> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--degree"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Degree:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> Doctor of Science (Economics and Business Administration) </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--hourglass"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Application period:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> 12 Dec 2024 – 9 Jan 2025 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--language"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Language of instruction:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> <div>English</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--calendar"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Duration:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> 4 years, full-time </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--tickets"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Eligibility:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> Relevant master’s degree awarded by a Finnish university or a Finnish university of applied sciences, or a corresponding degree completed abroad </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--field"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Field of study:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> Business and Economics </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--credits"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Credits:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__wrapper"> <div class="aalto-feature-item--image-container"> <div class="aalto-feature-item__image aalto-feature-item__image--school"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-feature-item--text-container"> <h3 class="aalto-feature-item__title">Organising school:</h3> <div class="aalto-feature-item__text"> School of Business </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-sticky-modal-area"> <div class="aalto-modal"> <div class="aalto-modal__container article-container"> <div class="aalto-modal__text-container aalto-modal__text-container--center"> <h2 class="aalto-modal__title" data-start-date="2024-12-12T07:00:00" data-end-date="2025-01-09T13:00:00" data-type="studyOption" data-url="https://opintopolku.fi/hakemus/haku/1.2.246.562.29.00000000000000058803?lang=en" data-cta-text="" data-degree-type="doctoral" data-custom-end-text="" data-non-sticky="0"></h2> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-table-of-contents"> <h2 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="toc-accordion-content" id="toc-accordion-title"> <span class="accordion__title-text">Table of contents</span> </button> </h2> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed anchor-container" aria-labelledby="toc-accordion-title" id="toc-accordion-content"> <span class="js-remove">Loading table of contents</span> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--content-table-of-contents paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--manual-liftup-medium aalto-liftup-m " lang="en" style=""> <div class="component-container"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-content"> <h2 class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-title" id="liftup-title-id-994303361"> Choose doctoral studies at the School of Business </h2> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-body"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>The doctoral programme is offered by the School of Business, which is an inclusive, multicultural academic community with excellent students, faculty, and staff. Our faculty features internationally highly-regarded scholars, many of whom are world-leading experts in their field. All doctoral students are assigned dedicated supervising professor and thesis advisor, who guide their research and mentor their development as scholars and higher education professionals throughout the programme.</p> <p>The programme offers doctoral training in 12 majors: <a href="/en/node/5231" target="_blank">Accounting</a>, <a href="/en/node/5231" target="_blank">Business Law</a>, <a href="/en/node/5246" target="_blank">Economics</a>, <a href="/en/node/5186" target="_blank">Entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="/en/node/55331" target="_blank">Finance</a>, <a href="/en/node/5251" target="_blank">Information Systems Science</a>, <a href="/en/node/851076" target="_blank">International Business</a>, <a href="/en/node/5251" target="_blank">Logistics</a>, <a href="/en/node/5251" target="_blank">Management Science</a>, <a href="https://into.aalto.fi/display/endoctoralbiz/Marketing" target="_blank">Marketing</a>, <a href="/en/node/5186" target="_blank">Organization and Management</a>, and <a href="/en/node/923276" target="_blank">Organizational Communication</a>. The degree offered is Doctor of Science in Economics and Business Administration.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-layout-container"> <div class="aalto-layout-item aalto-liftup-m-card-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2023-05/Anastasia_Koptsyukh_photo_Tuan_Le.jpg?h=90da9991&itok=WsZIoAKT 288w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2023-05/Anastasia_Koptsyukh_photo_Tuan_Le.jpg?h=90da9991&itok=zLqWYCSi 567w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2023-05/Anastasia_Koptsyukh_photo_Tuan_Le.jpg?h=90da9991&itok=iCzkXfAG 690w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2023-05/Anastasia_Koptsyukh_photo_Tuan_Le.jpg?h=90da9991&itok=U9_yjP8R 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" width="288" height="125" data-original-width="4000" data-original-height="2750" src="/sites/default/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2023-05/Anastasia_Koptsyukh_photo_Tuan_Le.jpg?h=90da9991&itok=WsZIoAKT" alt="Anastasia Koptsyukh, photo by Tuấn Lê" /> </picture> </div> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__main-content"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__text-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__overflow-container"> <h2 class="aalto-liftup-m-card__header"> <a class="aalto-liftup-m-card__link" href="/en/news/anastasia-koptsyukh-i-have-a-lot-of-support-from-the-community" title="Anastasia Koptsyukh: I have a lot of support from the community"> Anastasia Koptsyukh: I have a lot of support from the community </a> </h2> <p class="aalto-liftup-m-card__summary">'Our unit is very young and dynamic. There are 15 of us in total. Our culture is vibrant, supportive, and embracing. It’s oriented towards professional growth and development.'</p> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta"> <span class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item--date"> <time datetime="2023-05-04T14:58:51+03:00">4.5.2023</time> </span> <span class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item--category">News</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-layout-item aalto-liftup-m-card-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2022-04/Phillip_Back_photo_Roope_Kiviranta_2022_smaller.jpg?h=d43365a4&itok=Kn-PeS-t 288w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2022-04/Phillip_Back_photo_Roope_Kiviranta_2022_smaller.jpg?h=d43365a4&itok=SesbjxUi 567w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2022-04/Phillip_Back_photo_Roope_Kiviranta_2022_smaller.jpg?h=d43365a4&itok=ZgRxJEYS 690w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2022-04/Phillip_Back_photo_Roope_Kiviranta_2022_smaller.jpg?h=d43365a4&itok=UMHV9qrq 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" width="288" height="125" data-original-width="2908" data-original-height="1442" src="/sites/default/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2022-04/Phillip_Back_photo_Roope_Kiviranta_2022_smaller.jpg?h=d43365a4&itok=Kn-PeS-t" alt="The picture shows doctoral student Philipp Back standing in a forest. The photo was taken by Roope Kiviranta. " /> </picture> </div> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__main-content"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__text-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__overflow-container"> <h2 class="aalto-liftup-m-card__header"> <a class="aalto-liftup-m-card__link" href="/en/news/from-research-to-business-doctoral-student-philipp-back-and-team-initiate-forestry-startup-formation" title="From research to business: doctoral student Philipp Back and team initiate forestry startup formation"> From research to business: doctoral student Philipp Back and team initiate forestry startup formation </a> </h2> <p class="aalto-liftup-m-card__summary">How can forest owners reconcile timber revenues, carbon sinks, and biodiversity? A multi-disciplinary research team combines economics, ecology, and machine learning to find the most productive way to manage forests sustainably. Now the team wants to bring their novel method to the market </p> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta"> <span class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item--date"> <time datetime="2022-06-07T08:40:12+03:00">7.6.2022</time> </span> <span class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item--category">News</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-layout-item aalto-liftup-m-card-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2023-12/Aalto_University_Conferment_Ceremony_17-06-2022_by_Heli_Sorjonen_79.jpg?h=cb1263b9&itok=aIaKwECV 288w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_567w_247h_d/public/2023-12/Aalto_University_Conferment_Ceremony_17-06-2022_by_Heli_Sorjonen_79.jpg?h=cb1263b9&itok=UccVDa0h 567w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_690w_300h_d/public/2023-12/Aalto_University_Conferment_Ceremony_17-06-2022_by_Heli_Sorjonen_79.jpg?h=cb1263b9&itok=OsfOedWC 690w, /sites/default/files/styles/2_3_819w_356h_d/public/2023-12/Aalto_University_Conferment_Ceremony_17-06-2022_by_Heli_Sorjonen_79.jpg?h=cb1263b9&itok=zuNeU7M0 819w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 900px) calc(33vw - 160px), (min-width: 600px) calc(100vw - 40px), (min-width: 320px) calc(100vw - 32px), 288px" width="819" height="356"/> <img loading="lazy" width="288" height="125" data-original-width="2500" data-original-height="1667" src="/sites/default/files/styles/2_3_288w_125h_d/public/2023-12/Aalto_University_Conferment_Ceremony_17-06-2022_by_Heli_Sorjonen_79.jpg?h=cb1263b9&itok=aIaKwECV" alt="Two doctors raising their glasses to celebrate their promotion to doctors" /> </picture> </div> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__main-content"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__text-container"> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__overflow-container"> <h2 class="aalto-liftup-m-card__header"> <a class="aalto-liftup-m-card__link" href="/en/doctoral-education/what-are-doctoral-studies-like" title="What are doctoral studies like?"> What are doctoral studies like? </a> </h2> <p class="aalto-liftup-m-card__summary">As a doctoral student, you are part of an international academic community. The doctoral research and studies develop you into an expert of your research topic and build your professional capacity.</p> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta"> <span class="aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item aalto-liftup-m-card__meta-item--category">Doctoral education</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-text" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="text-text"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><h2>Your path to doctoral studies at the School of Business</h2> <ol> <li>Apply for a study right in our doctoral programme in December-January.</li> <li>You will receive the admission decision in February.</li> <li>If you are accepted as a full-time doctoral student, you will receive funding for the first two years of your doctoral studies from the School.</li> <li>Your doctoral studies will start in the following autumn.</li> </ol> <p>Before applying, please check below the eligibility requirements and qualifications.</p> <h2>Before applying</h2> <p>Prior to applying to the programme, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the ongoing research in your department or unit of interest to identify potential supervising professors for your doctoral research. Consider reaching out to professors you envision collaborating with during your doctoral studies before submitting your application.</p> <p>Please also note that when applying to the doctoral programme, you must identify a preliminary research topic for your doctoral thesis. Some majors also require a research plan.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--video" lang="en" style=""> <div class="aalto-media--video-container"> <div class="aalto-media--video"> <div class="js-cookie-content-blocker cookie-content-blocker" style="opacity: 0"> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__message-wrapper"> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__preview"> </div> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__message-container"> <h2 class="cookie-content-blocker__header">We care about your privacy.</h2> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__message"> <p>You have not yet given permission to place the required cookies from YouTube.com. Accept the required cookies to view this content.</p> </div> <div class="cookie-content-blocker__buttons"> <button class="js-cookie-content-blocker cookie-content-blocker button cookie-content-blocker__button js-cookie-content-blocker-consent-change-button aalto-button aalto-button--primary" style="opacity: 0">Show content</button> <button class="cookie-content-blocker__settings aalto-button-as-link" onclick="Cookiebot.renew()">Cookie settings</button> </div> </div> </div>  <script class="js-cookie-content-blocker-content" type="text/plain"> <iframe width="914" height="514" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/2e_0SpIDb-M?autoplay=0&start=0&rel=0" title="Video"></iframe> </script>  </div> <script> function showBlockers() { var blockers = document.querySelectorAll('.cookie-content-blocker'); for (var i = 0; i < blockers.length; i++) { blockers[i].style.cssText = 'opacity: 1;'; } } showBlockers(); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-accordion" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph--text-accordion component-container"> <div class="accordion__container"> <h2> Basic information on doctoral studies </h2> <div class="listing-accordion__container"> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content" id="accordion-title"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Objective of studies </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title" id="accordion-content"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>The purpose of the Aalto Doctoral Programme in Business, Economics and Finance is to equip its graduates for successful international careers in the world of higher education and academic research.</p> <p>The programme provides doctoral students with the knowledge, skills, and capabilities that they need to succeed in demanding, high-level positions in universities, research institutions, think tanks, and other research organizations at regional, national, and supra-national levels.</p> <p>The graduates of the doctoral programme will demonstrate:</p> <ol> <li>competence to carry out independent and original academic research</li> <li>deep and broad discipline-specific knowledge of their field of research</li> <li>mastery of the scientific research methods in their respective fields of research</li> <li>deep understanding of research ethics</li> <li>good project management skills</li> <li>enhanced pedagogical and academic leadership skills, and</li> <li>strong communication and interpersonal skills.</li> </ol></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--2" id="accordion-title--2"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Degree structure </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--2" id="accordion-content--2"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>The School of Business Doctoral Degree consists of 60 ECTS credits in courses and the thesis. </p> <div class="aalto-table-wrapper"><table> <thead> <tr> <th><a href="https://into.aalto.fi/display/endoctoralbiz/Courses+offered" target="_blank">Doctoral degree </a></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>General Research Studies</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Research Field Studies</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://into.aalto.fi/display/endoctoralbiz/Supervision%2C+research+and+dissertation" target="_blank">Doctoral thesis </a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></div> <p>The curriculum of the Doctoral Programme in Business, Economics, and Finance consists of compulsory coursework (60 ETCS credits) and independent research leading to a doctoral dissertation in the student’s chosen field of study. The coursework comprises required and elective courses in basic research training and in the student’s chosen field of study. Specific degree requirements vary with the student’s chosen field of study.</p> <p>Each doctoral student is assigned at least two dedicated dissertation advisors, who are responsible for guiding and mentoring the student throughout the doctoral dissertation process.</p> <p>The teaching methods and pedagogical solutions used in the programme are many but are generally based on the philosophy and methods of learner-centered instruction. Learner-centered instruction emphasizes the importance of actively engaging students in the learning process, by encouraging and enabling them to take personal responsibility for setting learning goals, developing and choosing their own strategies for learning, as well as evaluating their own progress and learning outcomes.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--3" id="accordion-title--3"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Full-time and part-time studies </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--3" id="accordion-content--3"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Information on full-time and part-time studies can be found <a href="/en/doctoral-education/beginning-your-doctoral-studies#7-full-time-and-part-time-studies">here</a></p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--4" id="accordion-title--4"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Study language </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--4" id="accordion-content--4"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Please see more information on language of the thesis and degree <a href="/en/doctoral-education/beginning-your-doctoral-studies#8-language-of-doctoral-thesis-and-degree">here</a></p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--5" id="accordion-title--5"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Funding and fees </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--5" id="accordion-content--5"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Aalto Doctoral Programme in Business, Economics and Finance is free of tuition fees. Aalto University does not charge fees for enrollment to the University. Doctoral candidates are welcome to join the Aalto University Student Union. The membership of the Student Union is subject to an annual fee.</p> <p>We consider full-time dedication to doctoral studies vital and therefore have launched a funding programme that covers all new students willing to study full-time on campus.</p> <p>During the first and second year of studies, full-time doctoral students who make satisfactory progress in their studies and research are guaranteed annual gross income of €28 000 (approximately €25 000 after taxes), based on a combination of 50% employment contract and 50% personal grants. The employment contract provides students with occupational health care, paid annual leave and a pension contribution, a computer, and a communal working space with large screens and adjustable tables.</p> <p>From the third year onwards, we expect our students to secure their funding from external sources. There are multiple financing sources for doctoral students in Finland.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--6" id="accordion-title--6"><span class="accordion__title-text"> International possibilities </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--6" id="accordion-content--6"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>We encourage and enable all of our doctoral students to present their work and build their networks in the key academic international conferences of their research area. Funding for travel and accommodation is usually provided if the conference participation is part of the student’s confirmed study plan.</p> <p>We also encourage our students to gain international academic experience during their studies as visiting junior scholars at universities and research institutes abroad and to seek and secure employment abroad after graduation. Recently our graduates have landed excellent jobs as assistant professors in some of the best universities and business schools in the world.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full-bleed-container"> <div class="aalto-hr"></div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-text" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="text-text"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><h2>Application instructions 2025</h2> <p>Admission is organised annually in December-January for studies starting in September.</p> <p><strong>Admission schedule 2025:</strong><br>Application period opens on 12 December 2024 at 09:00 (UTC+2) and closes on 9 January 2025 at 15:00 (UTC +2).</p> <p>The GMAT or GRE test and language tests must be taken on 9 January 2025 at the latest.</p> <h3>Contact information</h3> <p>If you have a question that you cannot find the answer to in the application instructions, contact the doctoral programme's Doctoral Education Services at <a href="mailto:doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi">doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi</a>. </p> <p>There is also a restricted possibility to apply to full-time doctoral studies at specific periods through the <br>academic year for applicants who have confirmed funding. In these cases, the applicant has to secure a <br>supervising professor prior to applying and needs to attach a statement signed by the supervising <br>professor in his or her application. All deadlines, validity periods of tests and other possible dates <br>related to the admissions process will be given separately.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-accordion" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph--text-accordion component-container"> <div class="accordion__container"> <h2> Who can apply? </h2> <div class="listing-accordion__container"> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--7" id="accordion-title--7"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Eligibility </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--7" id="accordion-content--7"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p><em>Please note that we cannot confirm the eligibility of an individual prospective applicant outside the actual application process. The eligibility is always assessed based on the degree certificates of the applicant and the educational system of the country of the degree awarding institution.</em></p> <p>To be eligible for doctoral studies at the School of Business, applicants must</p> <ul> <li>have completed a relevant master’s degree awarded by a university;</li> <li>have completed a relevant master’s degree awarded by a university of applied sciences; or</li> <li>have completed a relevant study programme abroad which in the awarding country gives eligibility for the corresponding level of higher education, i.e. doctoral studies.</li> </ul> <p>The university may require a student admitted to study for a doctoral degree to complete supplementary studies in order to acquire the knowledge and skills needed for the study programme.</p> <p><strong>In cases where the degree is incomplete</strong> at the time of application, the studies must be completed as follows:</p> <ul> <li>All coursework, including the thesis, must be completed no later than 29 August 2025</li> <li>Official graduation date must be no later than 24 November 2025</li> </ul> <p>NOTE: Only studies included in an official transcript of records submitted with the online application form by the deadline (9 January 2025) can be taken into consideration in the evaluation. Updated transcripts or any studies completed after the deadline cannot be taken into consideration.</p> <p><strong>Degrees awarded outside Finland</strong></p> <p>Students holding a degree earned abroad are eligible for doctoral studies provided their degree gives them eligibility for corresponding higher education in the awarding country. As a rule, degrees earned abroad are recognised at Aalto University provided that they have required studies of at least four years, including a thesis similar to the master’s thesis, and that such studies in the view of the school equip the student with the skills and knowledge needed to pursue doctoral studies at the school. A general guideline for the recognition of European degrees is that the degree is a university degree combination earned in accordance with the Bologna Process principles (3+2 years).</p> <p>Eligibility on the grounds of higher-education degrees with a structure differing from the abovementioned are considered on a case-by-case basis. In such cases, attention will focus particularly on how well the degree has prepared the applicant to pursue doctoral studies. </p> <p><strong>Master’s degrees from Finnish universities of applied sciences</strong></p> <p>Applicants with a prior degree earned abroad and corresponding to a relevant Finnish master’s degree from a university of applied sciences are treated equally to those with master’s degree from a Finnish university of applied sciences</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--8" id="accordion-title--8"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Admission groups and GMAT/GRE </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--8" id="accordion-content--8"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Applicants are divided into two admission groups based on the degree that grants them eligibility to apply for the doctoral programme.</p> <ol> <li>ADMISSION GROUP 1: <strong>Master’s degree from a university in Finland</strong><br>Finnish universities are listed on the webpage of the <a href="https://minedu.fi/en/universities" target="_blank">Ministry of Education and Culture.</a></li> <li>ADMISSION GROUP 2: <strong>Master’s degree from a university of applied sciences in Finland</strong> or from a <strong>higher education institution abroad</strong> </li> </ol> <p><strong>In admission group 2, all applicants are required to have taken either the </strong><a href="https://www.mba.com/exams/gmat" target="_blank">Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)</a><strong> or the</strong><a href="http://www.ets.org/gre" target="_blank"> Graduate Records Examination (GRE)</a>.</p> <p>For information on taking the tests and submitting the test scores, as well as the deadlines, see below.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-accordion" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph--text-accordion component-container"> <div class="accordion__container"> <h2> Language requirements </h2> <div class="listing-accordion__description"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"> <p>To be eligible to apply, <strong>applicants to all majors must demonstrate proficiency in Finnish or </strong><br><strong>English </strong>with an Aalto University accepted proof of language proficiency.  If language <br>proficiency is proven by a language test score, the score must meet the minimum requirement set <br>by Aalto University.</p> </div> </div> <div class="listing-accordion__container"> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--9" id="accordion-title--9"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Demonstrating proficiency in English with a language test </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--9" id="accordion-content--9"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><h2>Recognised language tests and their minimum score requirements</h2> <ul> <li><strong>IELTS</strong> (Academic),IELTS UKVI Academic, IELTS online or IELTS Indicator:<strong> 6.5, and 6 for Writing</strong>;</li> <li><strong>TOEFL</strong>: iBT (Internet-based Test), or TOEFL iBT® Home Edition: <strong>92, and 22 for Writing</strong></li> <li>C1 Advanced (formerly known as Cambridge Certificate in Advanced English, CAE): <strong>A, B or C</strong></li> <li>C2 Proficiency (formerly known as Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English, CPE): <strong>A, B, C or Level C1</strong></li> <li><strong>Pearson Test of English Academic</strong> (PTE A), Pearson Test of English Academic UKVI or Pearson Test of English Academic Online (PTE Academic Online): <strong>62, and 54 for writing</strong></li> <li>The applicant completed the National Certificate of Language Proficiency YKI (English) issued by the Finnish National Agency for Education at the minimum proficiency level of 5 in all subtests (reading comprehension, writing, listening comprehension, and speaking). Subtests from different test sittings may be combined</li> </ul> <p><strong>No language tests other than those mentioned above are accepted. </strong>If an applicant has taken several language tests, the best official score that is still valid and received by Aalto University by the deadline will be considered in the admissions. You cannot combine scores from different test dates (e.g. <em>TOEFL MyBest scores</em> is not accepted).</p> <h2>Period of validity of test results</h2> <p>IELTS, TOEFL and PTE test results are valid for two years from the date of the test. For 2025 admissions, these test results are valid if the test was taken on or after 1 December 2022.<strong> However, note that the ETS does not send TOEFL test results after they have expired!</strong> For the C1 Advanced and C2 Proficiency test, only tests that can be verified online, i.e. tests taken after 2006, are accepted.</p> <p>The language test must be taken by the end of the application period at the latest (9.1.2025).</p> <p>For more information about language tests, refer to the websites of the test administrator:</p> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.ielts.org/" target="_blank">IELTS</a> (ielts.org)</li> <li><a href="http://www.ets.org/toefl" target="_blank">TOEFL</a> (ets.org)</li> <li><a href="https://pearsonpte.com/" target="_blank">PTE Academic</a> (pearsonpte.com)</li> <li><a href="https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/exams-and-tests/advanced/" target="_blank">C1 Advanced</a> (cambridgeesol.org)</li> <li><a href="https://www.cambridgeenglish.org/exams-and-tests/proficiency/" target="_blank">C2 Proficiency</a> (cambridgeesol.org)<br> </li> </ul> <h2>Submission of English test results</h2> <p>Only official reports of the language test are acceptable as proof of proficiency.</p> <ul> <li>For <strong>IELTS</strong> test, upload a PDF copy of the test report to your application form (if you have received it already). In addition, the electronic test report needs to be nominated to Aalto University in the test administrator's service. When booking the test, you can choose Aalto University as the Recognising Organisation to make your score available to Aalto University. If you have already taken the test, you need to contact your test centre and request the test administrator to send your electronic test report to Aalto University. See the instructions for <a href="https://www.ielts.org/for-test-takers/results" target="_blank">sending IELTS results to nominated organisations</a> (electronically) on the test administrator website. The results are verified from the test organiser.</li> <li><strong>TOEFL</strong> test results must be sent to Aalto University by the test administrator directly. Request your official score report to be sent from the test administrator to Aalto University reporting code <strong>7364 </strong>(<em>Score Report Recipient</em>). A department code is not required (or you can choose any department). Make the reporting request early enough. The scores are available within 1 to 2 weeks of sending the score report request. Unofficial score reports sent by applicants will not be accepted.</li> <li><strong>PTE</strong> test scores are sent via the test administrator’s electronic service. Log in to your PTE account and send your results to Aalto University in the test administrator’s service. The test administrator notifies by email when the results have been sent to the university.</li> <li>For the <strong>C1 Advanced </strong>or <strong>C2 Proficiency</strong> language test, upload a PDF copy of the results report to your application form. Your test taker's ID number (e.g. ABC1234567), Reference number (e.g. 173YU0034522) and Statement of results number must be entered to the application form. In addition, log in to the language test administrator's service and submit your results to Aalto University. The results are verified electronically.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Please Note! It might take several weeks for the test providers to send the official test scores to Aalto University. Therefore, if you take the test close to the test deadline (9 January 2025), please attach your unofficial pdf score report to your application. Until we receive the official test scores from the test provider, your application is considered conditional.</strong></p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--10" id="accordion-title--10"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Demonstrating proficiency in English with previous education </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--10" id="accordion-content--10"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>In addition to above-mentioned language tests, you can prove your language proficiency in English with the following ways:</p> <ol> <li>The  applicant  has  earned  a  degree  taught  in  Finnish,  Swedish  or  English  in  a  higher <br>education institution in Finland;</li> <li>The  applicant  has  earned  a  degree  in  an  English- medium  programme  at  a  higher <br>education  institution  in  an EU/EEA  country  or  in  one  of  the  following  countries  while <br>residing in the country: Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, <br>Botswana,  Cameroon,  Canada,  Dominica,  Eritrea,  Eswatini,  Ethiopia,  Gambia,  Ghana, <br>Grenada, Guyana, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Malawi, Namibia, <br>New Zealand, Nigeria, the Philippines, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint <br>Vincent   and   the  Grenadines,   Sierra  Leone,  Singapore,   South  Africa,   Switzerland, Tanzania, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, the United Kingdom, the United States, Zambia, or Zimbabwe</li> <li>The  applicant has received their  secondary  education in  English  in  an  EU/EEA  coun<br>try, Australia,  Canada,  New  Zealand,  South  Africa,  Switzerland,  the  United  Kingdom  or  the <br>United States while residing in the respective country;</li> <li>The applicant has completed the Aalto Executive Education MBA, EMBA or DBA degree; <br>or</li> <li>Completed the CEMS Master in International Management.<br> </li> <li>The applicant submits an English- language test result in accordance with the information above.<br> </li> </ol> <p>In points 1–3 of the above list, a minimum of one half of the degree must be completed in a country and  higher  education  institution  in  which the  student’s completed  studies  would  exempt the student  from  taking  an  English  proficiency  test.  The  language  of  the  degree  must  be  stated unambiguously  in  the  degree  certificate  or  its  appendix,  or  in  the  transcript  of  records  or  other official document issued by the awarding institution. If the degree was completed in more than one language, the appendix must indicate the amount of studies that were completed in English.</p> <p>If you are exempt from taking an English language test based on a <strong>higher education degree</strong>, upload scanned colour copies of your degree certificate and official transcript of study records in PDF format to your application form.</p> <p>If you are exempt from taking an English language test based on <strong>primary and secondary education</strong> in English in a country listed above, upload a scanned colour copy of your school leaving certificate or secondary-school final certificate in PDF format to your application form. English as the language of instruction must be stated unambiguously on the certificate, if the degree is completed in an EU/EEA country, Switzerland or South Africa. If the language of instruction is not indicated on the certificate, upload another official document issued by the institution stating the language of instruction.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--11" id="accordion-title--11"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Demonstrating proficiency in Finnish </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--11" id="accordion-content--11"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><h2>1. Higher education degree or studies</h2> <p>You can demonstrate proficiency in Finnish with a higher education degree or studies, if you have completed one of the following:</p> <ul> <li>an approved maturity essay in Finnish for a degree at a higher education institution in Finland.</li> <li>as part of a degree at a higher education institution in Finland, a language test in Finnish or language studies that serve to demonstrate proficiency in oral and written Finnish (as the second national language) with a grade of at least <em>Good</em>.</li> <li>an academic thesis (or written final project) written in Finnish<br>(at a higher education institution in Finland or abroad)</li> <li>a study module of at least 60 ECTS credits (or 35 older credits, i.e. ‘study weeks’) in the Finnish language as an academic subject<br>(at a higher education institution in Finland or abroad)</li> </ul> <p><strong>Required documents</strong></p> <p>If the proof of proficiency in Finnish is the same higher education degree that you apply with in the Doctoral admissions, it is not necessary to upload an additional attachment to the "Language requirements" section of the application form. In this case, the degree documents are uploaded to the section "Application attachments". Tick "Higher education degree taught in Finnish to "Language requirement" on the application form.</p> <p>If your proof of proficiency in Finnish is some other higher education degree, upload scanned colour copies of the degree certificate and transcript of records in PDF format to the upload attachment section of "Other higher  degree taught in Finnish".</p> <h2>2. Basic education and upper secondary school education</h2> <p>You can demonstrate Finnish proficiency with basic education or upper secondary school education, if you have one of the following:</p> <ul> <li>Basic education, an upper secondary school final examination or other examination conferring eligibility for higher education completed in Finnish.</li> <li>The certificate awarded for the studies referred to in the Basic Education Act (628/1998) or the Act on General Upper Secondary Education (629/1998; 714/2018), or studies corresponding to them, with a passing grade in Finnish in the subject of "mother tongue and literature" or the "Finnish as a second language and literature" syllabus</li> <li>passed an amount of studies equivalent to Finland’s basic education syllabus in the subject of Finnish through the Kulkuri School of Distance Education.</li> </ul> <p>You can demonstrate language proficiency with any of the following studies (without having completed the whole matriculation examination):</p> <ul> <li>Finland's matriculation examination test of mother tongue and literature in Finnish or the ‘Finnish as a second language and literature’ test with a grade of at least approbatur (A);</li> <li>the test for Finnish as the second national language of Finland at the advanced syllabus level, as part of Finland’s matriculation examination, with a grade of at least eximia cum laude approbatur (E);</li> <li>the test for Finnish as the second national language of Finland at the intermediate syllabus level, as part of Finland’s matriculation examination, with a grade of at least laudatur (L).</li> </ul> <p><strong>Required document</strong></p> <p>Upload to the application form:</p> <ul> <li>Scanned colour copy in PDF format of your school leaving certificate, certificate of graduation or certificate of Finnish matriculation examination that includes the language grade.</li> </ul> <h2>3. International examinations</h2> <p>You can demonstrate your Finnish skills without having completed the whole matriculation examination, if you have one of the following:</p> <p><strong>International Baccalaureate (IB) </strong>diploma with one of the following:</p> <ul> <li>Language A, A1 or A2 syllabus in Finnish with a grade of at least<em> 2</em></li> <li>Language B syllabus in Finnish with a grade of at least<em> 5</em></li> </ul> <p><strong>European Baccalaureate (EB) </strong>diploma with one of the following:</p> <ul> <li>Language 1 (L1) or Language 2 (L2) syllabus in Finnish with an approved grade (a grade of at least 4.00, if the exam is completed before 2021, a grade of at least 5.00, if the exam is completed in 2021 or after)</li> <li>Language 3 (ONL) (L3, Other National Language) syllabus in Finnish with a grade of at least 8.00</li> </ul> <p><strong>Reifeprüfung (RP)</strong> or <strong>Deutsche Internationale Abitur (DIA) </strong>diploma with one of the following:</p> <ul> <li>the written test in "Finnish as a mother tongue" with a minimum grade of 4</li> <li>the "Finnish as a second language" test at the CEFR level B2 with a minimum grade of 8</li> </ul> <p><strong>Required document</strong></p> <p>Upload to the application form:</p> <ul> <li>Scanned colour copy in PDF format of your certificate or diploma that includes the language grade</li> </ul> <h2>4. Language test</h2> <p>You can demonstrate Finnish proficiency with one of the following language tests:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.oph.fi/en/national-certificates-language-proficiency-yki" target="_blank">National Certificate of Language Proficiency</a> (YKI) (Finnish) intermediate-level test at a proficiency level of at least 4 in all subtests (reading comprehension, writing, listening comprehension, and speaking).<br>Alternatively, completing at least three of the subtests of an advanced-level test (proficiency levels 5 and 6).<br>Subtests from different test sittings may be combined.</li> <li><a href="https://www.oph.fi/fi/koulutus-ja-tutkinnot/kieli-ja-kaantajatutkinnot/valtionhallinnon-kielitutkinnot" target="_blank">Civil Service Language Proficiency Certificate</a> (Finnish) with a grade of at least Good on the written and oral component.</li> <li>A combination of National Certificate of Language Proficiency (YKI) and Civil service language proficiency certificate (VKT), if you have: completed the National Certificate of Language Proficiency (YKI) with proficiency level of at least 4 in the reading comprehension and writing subtests, plus the oral component of the Civil Service Language Proficiency Certificate with a grade of Good; OR<br>completed the National Certificate of Language Proficiency (YKI) at a proficiency level of at least 4 in the listening comprehension and speaking subtests, plus the written component of the Civil Service Language Proficiency Certificate (VKT) with a grade of Good.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Required document</strong></p> <p>If you have received your test report, upload a scanned colour copy in PDF format of your test result to the application form.</p> <p>For the Finnish language tests, a <strong>certified paper copy</strong> of the test result is required. The certified paper copy must be submitted by mail to doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-accordion" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph--text-accordion component-container"> <div class="accordion__container"> <h2> Required documents </h2> <div class="listing-accordion__description"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"> <p>All material that you want to be considered in the application process should be in a language understood by the people evaluating applications. Generally, this means English or Finnish. If your documents are in some other language, you should contact your applied major’s professor beforehand.</p> <p>The following appendices are required:</p> </div> </div> <div class="listing-accordion__container"> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--12" id="accordion-title--12"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Copies of academic degrees </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--12" id="accordion-content--12"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p><strong>Copies of academic degree</strong> earned with supplements and a certified transcript of courses taken (with English translations);</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Scanned color copy of the original degree certificate</strong>*. Name the file according to format: <em>Degree-certificate-lastname-firstname.</em></p> <p>*This document requirement does not apply to applicants with an incomplete degree. Their degree must be completed by 24 November 2025. If your degree is incomplete at the application phase, leave the upload attachment section for degree certificate blank.</p> <p>*Applicants who have graduated with a Master's degree from Aalto University or Aalto’s predecessors are only required to submit their transcript of records, not their degree certificate.</p> </li> <li>Scanned colour copy of the original <strong>official transcript of study records. </strong>Name the fileaccording to format: <em>Transcript-lastname-firstname.</em></li> <li>If applicable, Diploma supplement must be included (graduates in all European countries taking part in the Bologna Process)</li> </ul> <p>If your degree certificate and the official transcript of records are not in Finnish, Swedish or English, scanned colour copies of <strong>authorised translations</strong>. The instructions for authorised translations are below (see "Translations"). Name the file according to format: <em>Translation-transcript-lastname.</em></p> <p>If you have any <strong>other higher education degrees</strong> you wish to be taken into consideration in admissions, scanned colour copies of degree certificate and official transcript of records. If documents are not in Finnish, Swedish or English, scanned colour copies of <strong>authorised translations</strong> are requiredas well.</p> <p><strong>Aalto University School of Business reserves the right to request translations or originals of application documents.</strong></p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--13" id="accordion-title--13"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Admission group 2: GMAT or GRE test score report </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--13" id="accordion-content--13"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Admission group 2: Master’s degree from a university of applied sciences in Finland or from a higher education institution abroad. See more information on admission groups above. </p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>GMAT</strong>: The official test report must be sent directly by the test administrator to the Aalto University School of Business. The reports are sent by the test administrators electronically. At the test, applicants choose the higher education institution to which they want their test scores sent. Test scores need to be sent with the Aalto University School of Business GMAT program code, <strong>C1N-9F-85</strong>.</p> <p>If you have taken the test earlier but not sent the results to Aalto, ask the test administrator to send your official results with the School of Business program code.</p> <p>See the homepage of<a href="http://www.mba.com/" target="_blank"><strong>GMAT</strong></a> (www.mba.com) for more information.<br> </p> </li> <li> <p><strong>GRE</strong>: The accepted exams are the GRE General Test and GRE Revised General Test. The GRE Subject Test is not acceptable. The official test report must be sent directly by the test administrator to the Aalto University. The test results are received electronically from the test administrators. The GRE test reporting code for Aalto University is <strong>7364</strong>.</p> <p>If you took the test earlier but the test scores were not sent, ask the test administrator to send an Additional Score Report to Aalto University.</p> <p>When converting the score, only the Verbal Reasoning Score and Quantitative Reasoning Score of the GRE test are taken into consideration. See the homepage of <a href="http://www.ets.org/gre/" target="_blank"><strong>GRE</strong></a> (www.ets.org/gre) for more information.</p> </li> </ul> <p>Aalto University accepts also GMAT™ Online exam and GRE® General Test at home.</p> <p><strong>Please Note! It might take several weeks for the test providers to send the official test scores to Aalto University. Therefore, if you take the test close to the test deadline (9 January 2025), please attach your unofficial pdf score report to your application. Until we receive the official test scores from the test provider, your application is considered conditional.</strong></p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--14" id="accordion-title--14"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Language test report </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--14" id="accordion-content--14"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>A student copy of a <strong>language test report</strong> from a test taken no later than 9 January 2025. If the applicant’s score can be found in the test owner’s database before the closing of the application time, no student copy is required. Please note that it is not possible to be admitted conditionally pending the completion of a language test; the test must be taken before the closing of the application period.</p> <p>For information on submitting the language tests, see above under "Language requirements"</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--15" id="accordion-title--15"><span class="accordion__title-text"> CV </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--15" id="accordion-content--15"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Please feel free to use template of your own, there is no standardized form requirement.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--16" id="accordion-title--16"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Statement of purpose </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--16" id="accordion-content--16"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>A statement of purpose in English of 1000 words or less describing your motivation for PhD studies and your career objectives.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--17" id="accordion-title--17"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Academic work / research plan </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--17" id="accordion-content--17"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Depending on the chosen major:</p> <ul> <li>research plan OR</li> <li>One selected independent academic work: Either a copy of your Master’s thesis, or another independent research output that you consider best representative of your work (In English or other language agreed with the School of Business admissions)</li> </ul> <p>The research plan is free format, and you can follow the conventions of your research field.</p> <p><a href="/en/node/949596">More information on research plan</a></p> <p><strong>These majors require a research plan:</strong> International Business, Organization and Management, Entrepreneurship, Business Law, Organizational Communication, Marketing, Logistics, Accounting.</p> <p><strong>These majors require a selected independent academic work: </strong>Management Science, Information Systems Science, Finance, Economics.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--18" id="accordion-title--18"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Two (2) recommendation letters </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--18" id="accordion-content--18"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Two (2) letters of recommendation, which the referee must send directly to <a href="mailto:doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi">doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi</a>.</p> <p>Please note that referee can be from academia or from industry and that there is no template for the letter. It is applicants responsibility to contact the referees and instruct them to send the letters directly to <a href="mailto:doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi">doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi</a>.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--19" id="accordion-title--19"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Copy of a valid passport </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--19" id="accordion-content--19"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Copy of a valid passport or an official government-issued identification card with photo and information on citizenship. Upload a copy only of the personal information page of the passport (not all pages). Name the file according to format: <em>Passport-lastname-firstname.</em></p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-accordion" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph--text-accordion component-container"> <div class="accordion__container"> <h2> How to apply? </h2> <div class="listing-accordion__description"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"> <p>The application period for studies beginning in the autumn of 2025 runs from 12 December 2024 at 09:00 (UTC+2) to 9 January 2025 at 15:00 (UTC+2). The application consists of an electronic application form to which you need to upload a set of required application documents in PDF form. Late submission will not be evaluated and only complete applications will be processed.</p> <p>On the application you will need to specify to which <a href="/en/node/744091">major</a> you are applying to.</p> <p>The GMAT or GRE test and language tests must be taken before the application deadline.</p> </div> </div> <div class="listing-accordion__container"> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--20" id="accordion-title--20"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Submitting your application </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--20" id="accordion-content--20"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Application (including its attachments in PDF form) are submitted through the electronic application system. The application will be closed on 9 January 2025 at 15:00 (UTC+2).</p> <p>Read the information regarding eligibility to apply, application process as well as required documents carefully before filling out an application.</p> <p><a href="https://opintopolku.fi/hakemus/haku/1.2.246.562.29.00000000000000058803?lang=en">The link is open from 12 December 2024 at 09:00 (UTC+2) until 9 January 2025 at 15:00 (UTC+2)</a></p> <p>Make sure that you have access to the email address which you use to apply until the application results have been published.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--21" id="accordion-title--21"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Evaluation process </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--21" id="accordion-content--21"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Doctoral education services reviews your application and the required documents for the general eligibility requirements, i.e. check the authenticity of the documents, make sure that the application contains all the requisite documents and that the applicant fulfils the admission requirements. Incomplete or ineligible applications can will be rejected at this stage and professors will not process them.</p> <p>Eligible applications are passed to the Departments for academic evaluation based on the major the applicant has specified on their application. Majors have a right to transfer the application to another major if they consider it to be a better fit. Applications will be evaluated by academic departments based on previous academic performance, research potential, motivation, performance in standardized tests and references. The academic assessment of the eligible applications is carried out based on the application documents and the applicants must be available for a potential interview.</p> <p>The number of accepted applicants is based on academic evaluation of applicants, available funding, and supervisory capacity. <strong>Not all eligible applicants are offered admission, only the best applicants are admitted.</strong></p> <p>Based on the assessment of the academic evaluators, the Doctoral Programme Committee makes a proposal of admission or rejection to the Dean of the School Business. The Dean makes the formal decision on admission or rejection.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-accordion" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph--text-accordion component-container"> <div class="accordion__container"> <h2> Admission results </h2> <div class="listing-accordion__container"> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--22" id="accordion-title--22"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Final admission results </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--22" id="accordion-content--22"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Results are published at the latest, Thu 20.2.2025</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--23" id="accordion-title--23"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Directions for appealing against the decision / Admission procedure for doctoral studies </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--23" id="accordion-content--23"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Dissatisfied applicants may appeal against the decision of admission in writing to the Dean of Aalto University School of Business. You have to lodge your letter of appeal within fourteen (14) days of receiving the decision of admission (University letter). You shall be deemed to have received the University letter in seven (7) days from the sending of the University letter, unless it is otherwise proven. If the applicant is notified of the decision by an electronic message (by e-mail), the notification is deemed to have been received by the applicant on the third (3) day after mailing, unless proven otherwise. When calculating the appeal period, the day of receiving the University letter shall not be included. </p> <p>The letter of appeal must be submitted to the Registry of Aalto University on the closing date at 3:00 p.m. Finnish time at the latest. The address is:</p> <h4>Aalto University, </h4> <h4>Registry, </h4> <h4>P.O. Box 11000, </h4> <h4>FI-00076 Aalto, </h4> <h4>Finland </h4> <p>(street address: Otakaari 1 B, FI-02150 Espoo, open on weekdays from 9 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.) </p> <p>or email-address: <strong>registry@aalto.fi</strong></p> <p><br>The letter of appeal must be directed to the Dean of Aalto University School of Business. Please write “Appeal against the admission decision / doctoral studies” on the envelope.<br>Your appeal must specify the subject matter of the appeal as well as the grounds for it. The appeal should contain your personal data and be signed either by you or your authorised representative.<br>The admission decisions are based on the information the applicant has delivered by the given deadline.<br>The right of appeal means that the applicant has the possibility to request for rectification if she/he believes that there has been an error in the decision-making process. The right of appeal is not intended as means for receiving feedback or asking for further information about the application process.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--24" id="accordion-title--24"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Accepting the study position & study right to one degree in the programme </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--24" id="accordion-content--24"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Successful applicants must inform the university about accepting the offered study place or the offer is cancelled. You will need to accept the offer in the application system and enroll to the first academic year at the same time. The acceptance is binding and cannot be changed. Detailed instructions will be sent to accepted applicants with the admission letter.</p> <p>The study right of an accepted applicant is valid from on 1 August 2025. In practice studies start in September 2025.</p> <p>From 1 August 2016 onwards applicants who have been given an offer of admission may accept <strong>only one student place leading to a higher education degree in Finland </strong>during one academic term (Universities Act 558/2009). Higher education degrees include bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees awarded by universities as well as degrees from universities of applied sciences.</p> <p>An admitted applicant has to accept (or reject) the offered study place within 10 days of the date of the admission letter and enroll as an attending doctoral student. It is possible to enroll as a non-attending student in your first year of study only on grounds referred to in the Universities Act (Yliopistolaki 558/2009, Section 39), such as:</p> <ul> <li>military service referred to in the Conscription Act (Asevelvollisuuslaki 1438/2007), the Non-Military Service Act (Siviilipalveluslaki 1446/2007) or the Act on Voluntary Military Service for Women (Laki naisten vapaaehtoisesta asepalveluksesta 194/1995). Military service in other countries than Finland is not an acceptable reason for enrolment as a non-attending student;</li> <li>maternity, paternity or parental leave; or</li> <li>inability to start studies due to personal illness or injury.</li> </ul> <p>If you already have a right to study in a doctoral programme, you cannot be granted a new right to study in the same field of study. This means that you cannot apply to the doctoral programme again if you already have a right to study in the programme. In this case, you can <a href="/en/node/848741">apply for readmission.</a></p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-text" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="text-text"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><h2>Contact us</h2> <p>If there you have any questions about admissions and application instructions or programme-specific inquiries, you can contact <a href="mailto:doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi">doctoralprogramme-biz@aalto.fi</a></p> <p>You may want to talk to the faculty in your preferred major before submitting an application. Please find below a list of the professors who are in charge of doctoral studies in their respective majors and whom you can contact (please look up email addresses in <a href="https://people.aalto.fi/">https://people.aalto.fi/</a>):</p> <div class="aalto-table-wrapper"><table> <tbody> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/5231">Accounting</a></td> <td>Associate Professor Lasse Niemi</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/5231">Business Law</a></td> <td>Assistant Professor Moritz Scherleitner</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/5246">Economics</a></td> <td>Associate Professor Kristiina Huttunen</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/938836">Entrepreneurship</a></td> <td>Associate Professor Myrto Chliova</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/55331">Finance</a></td> <td>Director Mikko Leppämäki</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/12036">Information Systems Science</a></td> <td>Professor Matti Rossi<br><br>Professor Virpi Tuunainen</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/851076">International Business</a></td> <td>Assistant Professor Iiris Saittakari</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/12046">Logistics</a></td> <td>Professor Markku Kuula</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/12051">Management Science</a></td> <td>Associate Professor Pekka Malo</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/5236">Marketing</a></td> <td>Assistant Professor Kushagra Bhatnagar</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/department-of-management-studies/doctoral-studies-in-organization-and-management?check_logged_in=1">Organization and Management</a></td> <td>Assistant Professor Jukka Rintamäki</td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="/en/node/923276">Organizational Communication</a></td> <td>Assistant Professor Paula Koskinen Sandberg</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--manual-liftup-small aalto-manual-liftup-small " lang="en" style=""> <div class="component-container"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header"> <div class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-content"> <h2 class="aalto-manual-liftup__header-title" id="liftup-title-id-969027674"> Departments and centres of the School of Business </h2> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-cards"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/department-of-accounting-business-law" title="Department of Accounting & Business Law"> Department of Accounting & Business Law </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> The Department of Accounting is one of the leading research faculties in the Nordic region. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2021-10/Aalto%20University_BIZ%20main%20building_Mika%20Huisman_01032019_55%20%282%29.jpg?h=ca8152c1&itok=onSwxpPu 120w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2021-10/Aalto%20University_BIZ%20main%20building_Mika%20Huisman_01032019_55%20%282%29.jpg?h=ca8152c1&itok=4nT-gkq4 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" width="120" height="120" data-original-width="2500" data-original-height="2538" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2021-10/Aalto%20University_BIZ%20main%20building_Mika%20Huisman_01032019_55%20%282%29.jpg?h=ca8152c1&itok=onSwxpPu" alt="BIZ Main Building by Mika Huisman" /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/department-of-finance" title="Department of Finance"> Department of Finance </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> The Department of Finance at Aalto University School of Business is one of the leading finance departments in Europe. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2019-05/Otaniemi_Arkkitehtuuri-ja-ihmiset_Original.jpg?h=f2e144cd&itok=YbyGOQi9 120w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2019-05/Otaniemi_Arkkitehtuuri-ja-ihmiset_Original.jpg?h=f2e144cd&itok=_ffvJ2ii 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" width="120" height="120" data-original-width="686" data-original-height="768" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2019-05/Otaniemi_Arkkitehtuuri-ja-ihmiset_Original.jpg?h=f2e144cd&itok=YbyGOQi9" alt="Architectural picture of the inside of the School of Business. Many people sitting on different coloured chairs." /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/department-of-management-studies" title="Department of Management Studies"> Department of Management Studies </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> The Department of Management Studies offers a dynamic environment for scholarship and learning. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-06/aalto_biz_researchers_05_2013-0625_jpg.jpg?h=4bd397c1&itok=XJhKu9x0 120w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2018-06/aalto_biz_researchers_05_2013-0625_jpg.jpg?h=4bd397c1&itok=KaYU4F9Z 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" width="120" height="120" data-original-width="630" data-original-height="600" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-06/aalto_biz_researchers_05_2013-0625_jpg.jpg?h=4bd397c1&itok=XJhKu9x0" alt="Stack of management books." /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/department-of-economics" title="Department of Economics"> Department of Economics </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> The Department of Economics provides a comprehensive insight into the functioning of economies and the environment in which companies operate. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2019-05/20190523_152928.jpg?h=21445cab&itok=iA2XhFNV 120w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2019-05/20190523_152928.jpg?h=21445cab&itok=_Q1enC5G 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" width="120" height="120" data-original-width="2048" data-original-height="1152" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2019-05/20190523_152928.jpg?h=21445cab&itok=iA2XhFNV" alt="Outside picture of the School of Business building in Otaniemi. Three Aalto Flags swinging in front of the building." /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/department-of-information-and-service-management" title="Department of Information and Service Management"> Department of Information and Service Management </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> The Department of Information and Service Management refers to the creative use of information and digital technology in business and the move from industrial to service dominant forms of production. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-04/aalto_econ_workshops_039_jpg.jpg?h=34bbd072&itok=lP2R06GA 120w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2018-04/aalto_econ_workshops_039_jpg.jpg?h=34bbd072&itok=hoMnUzie 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" width="120" height="120" data-original-width="1600" data-original-height="1067" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-04/aalto_econ_workshops_039_jpg.jpg?h=34bbd072&itok=lP2R06GA" alt="Two business students, one is holding a laptop, discussing with the Professor after his lecture. Another group of students talk in the background." /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/department-of-marketing" title="Department of Marketing"> Department of Marketing </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> The Department of Marketing is a thriving and dynamic community of faculty, researchers, staff, and students. The department has earned international acclaim for its ambitious and rigorous research output. We are at the bleeding edge of marketing. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-09/marketing.jpg?h=5ca4ce74&itok=buhD9T1o 120w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2018-09/marketing.jpg?h=5ca4ce74&itok=rf_rw6TM 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" width="120" height="120" data-original-width="5000" data-original-height="3750" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2018-09/marketing.jpg?h=5ca4ce74&itok=buhD9T1o" alt="marketing major" /> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card"> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--text-container"> <h3 class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--title"> <a class="aalto-liftup__link" href="/en/ckir" title="Center for Knowledge and Innovation Research (CKIR)"> Center for Knowledge and Innovation Research (CKIR) </a> </h3> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph-container"> <p class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--paragraph"> CKIR’s main research focus is on innovation ecosystems, ICT enabled service platforms and thus enabled new business dynamics. </p> </div> </div> <div class="manual-liftup-small__horizontal-card--image-container"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2024-09/Kauppakorkeakoulu_syyskuu_2021_photo_Kiviranta.jpg?h=e75ab034&itok=fGDa0ftU 120w, /sites/default/files/styles/1_160w_160h_d/public/2024-09/Kauppakorkeakoulu_syyskuu_2021_photo_Kiviranta.jpg?h=e75ab034&itok=ZEkQTXAG 160w" media="all" type="image/jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 1200px) 160px, (min-width: 600px) 120px, 80px" width="160" height="160"/> <img loading="lazy" width="120" height="120" data-original-width="2499" data-original-height="1406" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_120w_120h_d/public/2024-09/Kauppakorkeakoulu_syyskuu_2021_photo_Kiviranta.jpg?h=e75ab034&itok=fGDa0ftU" alt="Picture of the School of Business" /> </picture> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-component-wrapper aalto-component aalto-component-wrapper--text-accordion" lang="en" style=""> <div class="paragraph--text-accordion component-container"> <div class="accordion__container"> <h2> Frequently asked questions </h2> <div class="listing-accordion__container"> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--25" id="accordion-title--25"><span class="accordion__title-text"> How often is the application process organized? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--25" id="accordion-content--25"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Admission is organised annually in December-January for studies starting in September.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--26" id="accordion-title--26"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Is it the process same for all? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--26" id="accordion-content--26"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Anyone who is interested in doctoral studies at the Aalto University School of Business participates in the same application process. You may have financing of your own, another doctoral degree, you may be a citizen in Finland, Scandinavia or some other country. If you have already some scientific qualifications like relevant  publications, they can be considered in the admission process.</p> <p>There are two admission groups, based on your previous degree. Read more about the admission groups and the requirements applied to them above.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--27" id="accordion-title--27"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Where can I find the application form? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--27" id="accordion-content--27"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>A link to the application with instructions will be added to this website closer to the admission period. The form is electronic. The applicant scans and saves all appendices to the form, except referees' recommendation letters. </p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--28" id="accordion-title--28"><span class="accordion__title-text"> How many recommendation letters are necessary? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--28" id="accordion-content--28"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Two. Referee should send the recommendation directly to the office of the Doctoral Programme via email. However, if you completed your master's degree at Aalto University School of Business and your pro gradu supervisor is a member of the School's faculty, recommendation letters many not be necessary but it is best to ask about this from the department.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--29" id="accordion-title--29"><span class="accordion__title-text"> How and when should I take measures to arrange my funding? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--29" id="accordion-content--29"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>The funding arrangements are made when the admission process is over and we will contact the admitted students about the procedure.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--30" id="accordion-title--30"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Can I apply without a GMAT or GRE? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--30" id="accordion-content--30"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>This depends on your admission group. Please read more above.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--31" id="accordion-title--31"><span class="accordion__title-text"> What is the admission rate to the doctoral programme? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--31" id="accordion-content--31"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>We receive about 150-200 applications each year, and admit about 20-30 doctoral students. The admission rate varies from year to year so the previous years’ rates may not be relevant this time.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--32" id="accordion-title--32"><span class="accordion__title-text"> What is "selected academic work"? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--32" id="accordion-content--32"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>“Selected academic work” which figures on the list of appendices should be chosen by the applicant. It can be a master’s thesis, if you graduated recently or have not graduated yet, or a research report or publication or some other piece of scientific work which you consider relevant in the application process.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--33" id="accordion-title--33"><span class="accordion__title-text"> When do I start my studies if I am admitted to the programme? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--33" id="accordion-content--33"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>For the admission organised annually in December-January, the start of studies is in September.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--34" id="accordion-title--34"><span class="accordion__title-text"> What are the GMAT and GRE tests? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--34" id="accordion-content--34"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) and Graduate Records Examinations (GRE) are standardised tests that are administered in English and used internationally as one of the evaluation criteria for student admissions particularly in the field of business. The tests <strong>measure analytic and linguistic skills as well as quantitative reasoning skills</strong>.</p> <p>Aalto University does not organise GMAT or GRE test.<strong> In questions concerning the tests, please contact the test organisers.</strong></p> <h3>Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT)</h3> <p>The GMAT consists of four sections:</p> <ul> <li>Analytical Writing Assessment (one essay theme), 30 minutes</li> <li>Integrated Reasoning (12 questions), 30 minutes</li> <li>Quantitative (37 multiple-choice questions), 75 minutes</li> <li>Verbal (41 multiple-choice questions), 75 minutes</li> </ul> <p>Aalto University considers only the <strong>Total Score</strong> when evaluating applicants for a doctoral programme in business and economics. Only the <strong>Quantitative Section </strong>and <strong>Verbal Section </strong>comprise the Total Score. <strong>The Analytical Writing Assessment and Integrated Reasoning sections do not affect the Total Score and they are not considered in the admissions.</strong> Applicants may opt to not do the Analytical Writing Assessment and Integrated Reasoning sections at all, if they wish.</p> <p>For more information on the test, visit the test administrator’s website: <a href="http://www.mba.com/" target="_blank">www.mba.com</a></p> <h3>Graduate Record Examinations (GRE)</h3> <p>The accepted exams are the GRE General Test and GRE Revised General Test. The GRE Subject Test is not accepted.</p> <p>Structure of the GRE test:</p> <ul> <li>Verbal Reasoning: measures ability to analyse and draw conclusions from discourse; reason from incomplete data; identify author's assumptions and/or perspective; understand multiple levels of meaning, such as literal, figurative and author's intent, select important points; distinguish major from minor or relevant points; summarise text; understand the structure of a text, understand the meanings of words, sentences and entire texts; understand relationships among words and among concepts.</li> <li>Quantitative Reasoning: measures ability to understand quantitative information, interpret and analyse quantitative information, solve problems using mathematical models, apply basic mathematical skills and elementary mathematical concepts of arithmetic, algebra, geometry and data interpretation, includes real-life scenarios.</li> <li>Analytical Writing: measures ability to articulate complex ideas clearly and effectively, support ideas with relevant reasons and examples, examine claims and accompanying evidence, sustain a well-focused, coherent discussion, control the elements of standard written English.</li> </ul> <p>For more information on the test, see <a href="http://www.ets.org/gre" target="_blank">www.ets.org/gre</a>.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--35" id="accordion-title--35"><span class="accordion__title-text"> GMAT or GMAT Focus edition? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--35" id="accordion-content--35"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Both are acceptable. In GMAT Focus edition Aalto considers the total score comprised by Quantitative Reasoning, Verbal Reasoning, and Data Insights.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--36" id="accordion-title--36"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Where can I take the GMAT/GRE test? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--36" id="accordion-content--36"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>You can take both tests in any of hundreds of test centres around the world. Find a test centre closest to you on the test administrator’s website.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--37" id="accordion-title--37"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Can I prepare for the GMAT/GRE test? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--37" id="accordion-content--37"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>You should carefully familiarise yourself with the test structure and contents before the test. The test organisations provide prepping software on their websites. Prep books are also available.</p> <ul> <li>For tips on how to prepare for the <strong>GMAT</strong> and free GMAT prep software, go to <a href="http://www.mba.com/" target="_blank">www.mba.com</a>.</li> <li>The<strong> GRE</strong> website has a <a href="http://www.ets.org/gre/revised_general/prepare/" target="_blank">‘Prepare for the Test’ section</a> and on that page, you can download the <a href="http://www.ets.org/gre/revised_general/prepare/powerprep/" target="_blank">Powerprep Software</a>, which you can use to practise for the test.</li> </ul></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--38" id="accordion-title--38"><span class="accordion__title-text"> When should I take the GMAT/GRE test? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--38" id="accordion-content--38"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Booking a test time and taking the test early enough is the applicant’s responsibility. Aalto University does not organize the test and cannot respond to any questions on sending the test scores.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--39" id="accordion-title--39"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Can I be exempted from the GMAT/GRE requirement? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--39" id="accordion-content--39"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>Applicants applying in the admission group 2 cannot be exempted from the test. Your admission group is determined by the previous university degree you have completed.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--40" id="accordion-title--40"><span class="accordion__title-text"> How long is the GMAT/GRE test result valid? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--40" id="accordion-content--40"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>GMAT and GRE test results are valid <strong>5 years.</strong> In the 2025 admissions the oldest acceptable test date is 12 December 2019. Note! Chek with the test provider if they report test results taken over 5 years ago!</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--41" id="accordion-title--41"><span class="accordion__title-text"> I have taken the GMAT/GRE test several times. Which score will be taken into account in the admission? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--41" id="accordion-content--41"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>The best official score that is still valid and received by Aalto University will be considered in the admission. You cannot combine scores attained on different test dates. The date of completion of the GRE/GMAT test is marked on the electronic application form.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--42" id="accordion-title--42"><span class="accordion__title-text"> Translations </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--42" id="accordion-content--42"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>The application documents must be in Finnish, Swedish or English. If the original degree certificate or transcript of records was written in some other language, an official translation of the document must be submitted.</p> <p>The translation is official if it has been done by the <strong>higher education institution that awarded the degree </strong>or by a <strong>certified</strong> <strong>translator (authorized translator)</strong>. The translations must have the certified translator’s stamp and signature.</p> <p>In Finland, the Finnish National Agency for Education (www.oph.fi/en) maintains a <a href="http://www03.oph.fi/kaantajat/" target="_blank">register</a> of authorized translators who are based in Finland.</p></div> </div> <h3 class="accordion__header is-closed"> <button type="button" class="accordion__title is-collapsed aalto-anchor-link-heading aalto-anchor-link-skip-toc" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="accordion-content--43" id="accordion-title--43"><span class="accordion__title-text"> I am Aalto School of Business graduate - do I have to take GMAT/GRE? </span></button></h3> <div class="accordion__content is-collapsed" aria-labelledby="accordion-title--43" id="accordion-content--43"> <div class="aalto-user-generated-content"><p>You belong to the admission group 1 and do not have to take GMAT/GRE.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="aalto-modal"> <div 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