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Kuroda</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Junji Kuroda"> <meta name="keywords" content="Junji Kuroda"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Junji Kuroda"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Junji Kuroda</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> A Simple Autonomous Hovering and Operating Control of Multicopter Using Only Web Camera</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuya%20Sato">Kazuya Sato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toru%20Kasahara"> Toru Kasahara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junji%20Kuroda"> Junji Kuroda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an autonomous hovering control method of multicopter using only Web camera is proposed. Recently, various control method of an autonomous flight for multicopter are proposed. But, in the previously proposed methods, a motion capture system (i.e., OptiTrack) and laser range finder are often used to measure the position and posture of multicopter. To achieve an autonomous flight control of multicopter with simple equipment, we propose an autonomous flight control method using AR marker and Web camera. AR marker can measure the position of multicopter with Cartesian coordinate in three dimensional, then its position connects with aileron, elevator, and accelerator throttle operation. A simple PID control method is applied to the each operation and adjust the controller gains. Experimental result are given to show the effectiveness of our proposed method. Moreover, another simple operation method for autonomous flight control multicopter is also proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous%20hovering%20control" title="autonomous hovering control">autonomous hovering control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicopter" title=" multicopter"> multicopter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Web%20camera" title=" Web camera"> Web camera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operation" title=" operation "> operation </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20333/a-simple-autonomous-hovering-and-operating-control-of-multicopter-using-only-web-camera" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">562</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Proposal of Design Method in the Semi-Acausal System Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shigeyuki%20Haruyama">Shigeyuki Haruyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Kaminishi"> Ken Kaminishi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junji%20Kaneko"> Junji Kaneko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadayuki%20Kyoutani"> Tadayuki Kyoutani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Ruhana%20Omar"> Siti Ruhana Omar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oke%20Oktavianty"> Oke Oktavianty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is used as a definition method to the value and function in manufacturing sector. In concurrence of discussion about present condition of modeling method, until now definition of 1D-CAE is ambiguity and not conceptual. Across all the physics fields, those methods are defined with the formulation of differential algebraic equation which only applied time derivation and simulation. At the same time, we propose semi-acausal modeling concept and differential algebraic equation method as a newly modeling method which the efficiency has been verified through the comparison of numerical analysis result between the semi-acausal modeling calculation and FEM theory calculation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20model" title="system model">system model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20models" title=" physical models"> physical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20models" title=" empirical models"> empirical models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20law" title=" conservation law"> conservation law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20algebraic%20equation" title=" differential algebraic equation"> differential algebraic equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object-oriented" title=" object-oriented"> object-oriented</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24516/proposal-of-design-method-in-the-semi-acausal-system-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">485</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Acausal and Causal Model Construction with FEM Approach Using Modelica </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oke%20Oktavianty">Oke Oktavianty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadayuki%20Kyoutani"> Tadayuki Kyoutani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shigeyuki%20Haruyama"> Shigeyuki Haruyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junji%20Kaneko"> Junji Kaneko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Kaminishi"> Ken Kaminishi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modelica has many advantages and it is very useful in modeling and simulation especially for the multi-domain with a complex technical system. However, the big obstacle for a beginner is to understand the basic concept and to build a new system model for a real system. In order to understand how to solve the simple circuit model by hand translation and to get a better understanding of how modelica works, we provide a detailed explanation about solver ordering system in horizontal and vertical sorting and make some proposals for improvement. In this study, some difficulties in using modelica software with the original concept and the comparison with Finite Element Method (FEM) approach is discussed. We also present our textual modeling approach using FEM concept for acausal and causal model construction. Furthermore, simulation results are provided that demonstrate the comparison between using textual modeling with original coding in modelica and FEM concept. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title="FEM">FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=a%20causal%20model" title=" a causal model"> a causal model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelica" title=" modelica"> modelica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20and%20vertical%20sorting" title=" horizontal and vertical sorting"> horizontal and vertical sorting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42616/acausal-and-causal-model-construction-with-fem-approach-using-modelica" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Reducing Fungal Adhesion on Dentin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rima%20Zakzouk">Rima Zakzouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noriko%20Hiraishi"> Noriko Hiraishi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mahdi%20Alshahni"> Mohamed Mahdi Alshahni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Koichi%20Makimura"> Koichi Makimura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junji%20Tagami"> Junji Tagami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Purpose: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is used to prevent and arrest dental caries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of SDF on reducing Candida albicans adhesion on dentin. Materials and Methods: Bovine dentin disks (6脳6 mm) were cut by Isomet and polished using grit silicon carbide papers down to 2000 in order to obtain flat dentin surfaces. Samples were divided into two groups. The first group (SDF group) was treated with 38% SDF for 3 min, while the other group (control group) did not undergo SDF treatment. All samples were exposed to C. albicans suspension, washed after 6 hours incubation at 30 掳C before to be tested using XTT (2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide) and real time PCR approaches. Statistical analyses of the results were performed at the significance level 伪 = 0.05. Results: SDF inhibited C. albicans adhesion onto dentin. A significant difference was found between the SDF and control groups in both XTT and real time PCR tests. Conclusion: Using SDF to arrest the caries, could inhibit the Candida growth on dentin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20diamine%20fluoride" title="silver diamine fluoride">silver diamine fluoride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentin" title=" dentin"> dentin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20time%20PCR" title=" real time PCR"> real time PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XTT" title=" XTT"> XTT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103950/effect-of-silver-diamine-fluoride-on-reducing-fungal-adhesion-on-dentin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Vulnerability Risk Assessment of Non-Engineered Houses Based on Damage Data of the 2009 Padang Earthquake 2009 in Padang City, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rusnardi%20Rahmat%20Putra">Rusnardi Rahmat Putra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junji%20Kiyono"> Junji Kiyono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiko%20Furukawa"> Aiko Furukawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several powerful earthquakes have struck Padang during recent years, one of the largest of which was an M 7.6 event that occurred on September 30, 2009 and caused more than 1000 casualties. Following the event, we conducted a 12-site microtremor array investigation to gain a representative determination of the soil condition of subsurface structures in Padang. From the dispersion curve of array observations, the central business district of Padang corresponds to relatively soft soil condition with Vs30 less than 400 m/s. because only one accelerometer existed, we simulated the 2009 Padang earthquake to obtain peak ground acceleration for all sites in Padang city. By considering the damage data of the 2009 Padang earthquake, we produced seismic risk vulnerability estimation of non-engineered houses for rock, medium and soft soil condition. We estimated the loss ratio based on the ground response, seismic hazard of Padang and the existing damaged to non-engineered structure houses due to Padang earthquake in 2009 data for several return periods of earthquake events. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profile" title="profile">profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padang%20earthquake" title=" Padang earthquake"> Padang earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microtremor%20array" title=" microtremor array"> microtremor array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20vulnerability" title=" seismic vulnerability"> seismic vulnerability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10342/vulnerability-risk-assessment-of-non-engineered-houses-based-on-damage-data-of-the-2009-padang-earthquake-2009-in-padang-city-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Comparing the Gap Formation around Composite Restorations in Three Regions of Tooth Using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rima%20Zakzouk">Rima Zakzouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasushi%20Shimada"> Yasushi Shimada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan%20Zhou"> Yuan Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasunori%20Sumi"> Yasunori Sumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junji%20Tagami"> Junji Tagami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Purpose: Swept source optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an interferometric imaging technique that has been recently used in cariology. In spite of progress made in adhesive dentistry, the composite restoration has been failing due to secondary caries which occur due to environmental factors in oral cavities. Therefore, a precise assessment to effective marginal sealing of restoration is highly required. The aim of this study was evaluating gap formation at composite/cavity walls interface with or without phosphoric acid etching using SS-OCT. Materials and Methods: Round tapered cavities (2脳2 mm) were prepared in three locations, mid-coronal, cervical, and root of bovine incisors teeth in two groups (SE and PA Groups). While self-etching adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond) was applied for the both groups, Group PA had been already pretreated with phosphoric acid etching (K-Etchant gel). Subsequently, both groups were restored by Estelite Flow Quick Flowable Composite Resin. Following 5000 thermal cycles, three cross-sectionals were obtained from each cavity using OCT at 1310-nm wavelength at 0掳, 60掳, 120掳 degrees. Scanning was repeated after two months to monitor the gap progress. Then the average percentage of gap length was calculated using image analysis software, and the difference of mean between both groups was statistically analyzed by t-test. Subsequently, the results were confirmed by sectioning and observing representative specimens under Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM). Results: The results showed that pretreatment with phosphoric acid etching, Group PA, led to significantly bigger gaps in mid-coronal and cervical compared to SE group, while in the root cavity no significant difference was observed between both groups. On the other hand, the gaps formed in root鈥檚 cavities were significantly bigger than those in mid-coronal and cervical within the same group. This study investigated the effect of phosphoric acid on gap length progress on the composite restorations. In conclusions, phosphoric acid etching treatment did not reduce the gap formation even in different regions of the tooth. Significance: The cervical region of tooth was more exposing to gap formation than mid-coronal region, especially when we added pre-etching treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20analysis" title="image analysis">image analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20coherence%20tomography" title=" optical coherence tomography"> optical coherence tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphoric%20acid%20etching" title=" phosphoric acid etching"> phosphoric acid etching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-etch%20adhesives" title=" self-etch adhesives"> self-etch adhesives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61117/comparing-the-gap-formation-around-composite-restorations-in-three-regions-of-tooth-using-optical-coherence-tomography-oct" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Optical Assessment of Marginal Sealing Performance around Restorations Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rima%20Zakzouk">Rima Zakzouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasushi%20Shimada"> Yasushi Shimada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasunori%20Sumi"> Yasunori Sumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junji%20Tagami"> Junji Tagami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and purpose: The resin composite has become the main material for the restorations of caries in recent years due to aesthetic characteristics, especially with the development of the adhesive techniques. The quality of adhesion to tooth structures is depending on an exchange process between inorganic tooth material and synthetic resin and a micromechanical retention promoted by resin infiltration in partially demineralized dentin. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive diagnostic method for obtaining cross-sectional images that produce high-resolution of the biological tissue at the micron scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gap formation at adhesive/tooth interface of two-step self-etch adhesives that are preceded with or without phosphoric acid pre-etching in different regions of teeth using SS-OCT. Materials and methods: Round tapered cavities (2脳2 mm) were prepared in cervical part of bovine incisors teeth and divided into 2 groups (n=10): first group self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond) was applied for SE group and second group treated with acid etching before applying the self-etch adhesive for PA group. Subsequently, both groups were restored with Estelite Flow Quick Flowable Composite Resin and observed under OCT. Following 5000 thermal cycles, the same section was obtained again for each cavity using OCT at 1310-nm wavelength. Scanning was repeated after two months to monitor the gap progress. Then the gap length was measured using image analysis software, and the statistics analysis were done between both groups using SPSS software. After that, the cavities were sectioned and observed under Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) to confirm the result of OCT. Results: Gaps formed at the bottom of the cavity was longer than the gap formed at the margin and dento-enamel junction in both groups. On the other hand, pre-etching treatment led to damage the DEJ regions creating longer gap. After 2 months the results showed almost progress in the gap length significantly at the bottom regions in both groups. In conclusions, phosphoric acid etching treatment did not reduce the gap lrngth in most regions of the cavity. Significance: The bottom region of tooth was more exposed to gap formation than margin and DEJ regions, The DEJ damaged with phosphoric acid treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20coherence%20tomography" title="optical coherence tomography">optical coherence tomography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-etch%20adhesives" title=" self-etch adhesives"> self-etch adhesives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bottom" title=" bottom"> bottom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dento%20enamel%20junction" title=" dento enamel junction"> dento enamel junction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82390/optical-assessment-of-marginal-sealing-performance-around-restorations-using-swept-source-optical-coherence-tomography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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