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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Belarusian and Ukrainian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belarusian_and_Ukrainian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rusyn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rusyn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rusyn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rusyn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Macedonian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Macedonian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Macedonian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Macedonian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Russian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Russian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Russian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Russian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Modern_Russian:_hard_sign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_Russian:_hard_sign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Modern Russian: hard sign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_Russian:_hard_sign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_yer_pre-1918" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_yer_pre-1918"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Final <i>yer</i> pre-1918</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_yer_pre-1918-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages_of_the_Caucasus_and_Crimean_Tatar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages_of_the_Caucasus_and_Crimean_Tatar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Languages of the Caucasus and Crimean Tatar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages_of_the_Caucasus_and_Crimean_Tatar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tajik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tajik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Tajik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tajik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_letters_and_other_similar_characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_letters_and_other_similar_characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Related letters and other similar characters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_letters_and_other_similar_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Computing_codes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Computing_codes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Computing codes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Computing_codes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hard sign</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malmola_signo_(cirila_alfabeto)" title="Malmola signo (cirila alfabeto) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malmola signo (cirila alfabeto)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%AA" title="نشانه سخت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نشانه سخت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA_%D2%AF%D0%B7%D0%B3" title="Ъ үзг – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Ъ үзг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jor" title="Jor – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanda_Kasar_(Kiril)" title="Tanda Kasar (Kiril) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tanda Kasar (Kiril)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ier" title="Ier – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ier" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AA" title="Ъ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ъ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_sign" title="Hard sign – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hard sign" 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For the Russian newspaper, see <a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Neutral_Yer" title="Neutral Yer">Neutral Yer</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cyrillic letter</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 14em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:100%; background:lavender;">Cyrillic letter Hard sign</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyrillic_Letter_Yer_-_uppercase_and_lowercase.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cyrillic_Letter_Yer_-_uppercase_and_lowercase.svg/120px-Cyrillic_Letter_Yer_-_uppercase_and_lowercase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cyrillic_Letter_Yer_-_uppercase_and_lowercase.svg/180px-Cyrillic_Letter_Yer_-_uppercase_and_lowercase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Cyrillic_Letter_Yer_-_uppercase_and_lowercase.svg/240px-Cyrillic_Letter_Yer_-_uppercase_and_lowercase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3735" data-file-height="2205" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Phonetic usage:</th><td class="infobox-data">[<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid back unrounded vowel">ɤ̞</a></span>], [<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Mid_central_vowel" title="Mid central vowel">ə</a></span>], [<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Near-open_central_vowel" title="Near-open central vowel">ɐ</a></span>], [<span class="IPA" lang="und-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">ʔ</a></span>]</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#efefef;">The <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic script</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#efefef;"><a href="/wiki/Slavic_languages" title="Slavic languages">Slavic</a> letters</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/A_(Cyrillic)" title="A (Cyrillic)">А</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_acute_(Cyrillic)" class="mw-redirect" title="A with acute (Cyrillic)">А́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_grave_(Cyrillic)" title="A with grave (Cyrillic)">А̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_circumflex_(Cyrillic)" title="A with circumflex (Cyrillic)">А̂</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_macron_(Cyrillic)" title="A with macron (Cyrillic)">А̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_diaeresis_(Cyrillic)" title="A with diaeresis (Cyrillic)">Ӓ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Be_(Cyrillic)" title="Be (Cyrillic)">Б</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ve_(Cyrillic)" title="Ve (Cyrillic)">В</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_(Cyrillic)" title="Ge (Cyrillic)">Г</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ghe_with_upturn" title="Ghe with upturn">Ґ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/De_(Cyrillic)" title="De (Cyrillic)">Д</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dje" title="Dje">Ђ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Gje" title="Gje">Ѓ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ye_(Cyrillic)" title="Ye (Cyrillic)">Е</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ye_with_acute" class="mw-redirect" title="Ye with acute">Е́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ye_with_grave" title="Ye with grave">Ѐ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Ye_with_circumflex" title="Ye with circumflex">Е̂</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ye_with_macron" title="Ye with macron">Е̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yo_(Cyrillic)" title="Yo (Cyrillic)">Ё</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Ye" title="Ukrainian Ye">Є</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Zhe_(Cyrillic)" title="Zhe (Cyrillic)">Ж</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ze_(Cyrillic)" title="Ze (Cyrillic)">З</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Zje" title="Zje">З́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dze" title="Dze">Ѕ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/I_(Cyrillic)" title="I (Cyrillic)">И</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dotted_I_(Cyrillic)" title="Dotted I (Cyrillic)">І</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yi_(Cyrillic)" title="Yi (Cyrillic)">Ї</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Iota_(Cyrillic)" title="Iota (Cyrillic)">Ꙇ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/I_with_acute_(Cyrillic)" class="mw-redirect" title="I with acute (Cyrillic)">И́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/I_with_grave_(Cyrillic)" title="I with grave (Cyrillic)">Ѝ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/I_with_circumflex_(Cyrillic)" title="I with circumflex (Cyrillic)">И̂</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/I_with_macron_(Cyrillic)" title="I with macron (Cyrillic)">Ӣ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Short_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Short I">Й</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/I_with_diaeresis_(Cyrillic)" title="I with diaeresis (Cyrillic)">Ӥ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Je_(Cyrillic)" title="Je (Cyrillic)">Ј</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_(Cyrillic)" title="Ka (Cyrillic)">К</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/El_(Cyrillic)" title="El (Cyrillic)">Л</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Lje" title="Lje">Љ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Em_(Cyrillic)" title="Em (Cyrillic)">М</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/En_(Cyrillic)" title="En (Cyrillic)">Н</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Nje" title="Nje">Њ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_(Cyrillic)" title="O (Cyrillic)">О</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_with_acute_(Cyrillic)" class="mw-redirect" title="O with acute (Cyrillic)">О́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_with_grave_(Cyrillic)" title="O with grave (Cyrillic)">О̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_with_circumflex_(Cyrillic)" title="O with circumflex (Cyrillic)">О̂</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_with_macron_(Cyrillic)" title="O with macron (Cyrillic)">Ō</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_with_diaeresis_(Cyrillic)" title="O with diaeresis (Cyrillic)">Ӧ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Pe_(Cyrillic)" title="Pe (Cyrillic)">П</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Er_(Cyrillic)" title="Er (Cyrillic)">Р</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Es_(Cyrillic)" title="Es (Cyrillic)">С</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sje" title="Sje">С́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Te_(Cyrillic)" title="Te (Cyrillic)">Т</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tshe" title="Tshe">Ћ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kje" title="Kje">Ќ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/U_(Cyrillic)" title="U (Cyrillic)">У</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_acute_(Cyrillic)" class="mw-redirect" title="U with acute (Cyrillic)">У́</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_grave_(Cyrillic)" title="U with grave (Cyrillic)">У̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_circumflex_(Cyrillic)" title="U with circumflex (Cyrillic)">У̂</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_macron_(Cyrillic)" title="U with macron (Cyrillic)">Ӯ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Short_U_(Cyrillic)" title="Short U (Cyrillic)">Ў</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_diaeresis_(Cyrillic)" title="U with diaeresis (Cyrillic)">Ӱ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ef_(Cyrillic)" title="Ef (Cyrillic)">Ф</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kha_(Cyrillic)" title="Kha (Cyrillic)">Х</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tse_(Cyrillic)" title="Tse (Cyrillic)">Ц</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Che_(Cyrillic)" title="Che (Cyrillic)">Ч</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dzhe" title="Dzhe">Џ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sha_(Cyrillic)" title="Sha (Cyrillic)">Ш</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Shcha" title="Shcha">Щ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Neutral_Yer" title="Neutral Yer"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙏ</span></a></td><td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ъ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Hard_sign_with_grave" title="Hard sign with grave">Ъ̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yery" title="Yery">Ы</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Yery_with_acute" class="mw-redirect" title="Yery with acute">Ы́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Soft_sign" title="Soft sign">Ь</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yat" title="Yat">Ѣ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/E_(Cyrillic)" title="E (Cyrillic)">Э</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/E_with_acute_(Cyrillic)" class="mw-redirect" title="E with acute (Cyrillic)">Э́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yu_(Cyrillic)" title="Yu (Cyrillic)">Ю</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yu_with_acute" class="mw-redirect" title="Yu with acute">Ю́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yu_with_grave" title="Yu with grave">Ю̀</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Ya_(Cyrillic)" title="Ya (Cyrillic)">Я</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ya_with_acute" class="mw-redirect" title="Ya with acute">Я́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ya_with_grave" title="Ya with grave">Я̀</a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#efefef;">Non-Slavic letters</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_breve_(Cyrillic)" title="A with breve (Cyrillic)">Ӑ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_ring_above_(Cyrillic)" title="A with ring above (Cyrillic)">А̊</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_tilde_(Cyrillic)" title="A with tilde (Cyrillic)">А̃</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_diaeresis_and_macron_(Cyrillic)" title="A with diaeresis and macron (Cyrillic)">Ӓ̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/%D3%94_(Cyrillic)" title="Ӕ (Cyrillic)">Ӕ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Schwa_(Cyrillic)" title="Schwa (Cyrillic)">Ә</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Schwa_with_acute" title="Schwa with acute">Ә́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Schwa_with_tilde" title="Schwa with tilde">Ә̃</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Schwa_with_diaeresis" title="Schwa with diaeresis">Ӛ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ve_with_caron" title="Ve with caron">В̌</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/We_(Cyrillic)" title="We (Cyrillic)">Ԝ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_inverted_breve" title="Ge with inverted breve">Г̑</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_dot_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with dot above (page does not exist)">Г̇</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_dot_below" title="Ge with dot below">Г̣</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_caron" title="Ge with caron">Г̌</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_circumflex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with circumflex (page does not exist)">Г̂</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_breve" title="Ge with breve">Г̆</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_diaeresis" class="mw-redirect" title="Ge with diaeresis">Г̈</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_ring_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with ring above (page does not exist)">г̊</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_middle_hook" title="Ge with middle hook">Ҕ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_stroke" title="Ge with stroke">Ғ</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_stroke_and_descender" title="Ge with stroke and descender"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ghe_with_stroke_and_descender.svg/6px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ghe_with_stroke_and_descender.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ghe_with_stroke_and_descender.svg/9px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ghe_with_stroke_and_descender.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ghe_with_stroke_and_descender.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ghe_with_stroke_and_descender.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="293" data-file-height="466" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_stroke_and_hook" class="mw-redirect" title="Ge with stroke and hook">Ӻ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_stroke_and_caron" title="Ge with stroke and caron">Ғ̌</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_stroke_and_ring_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with stroke and ring above (page does not exist)">ғ̊</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_descender" title="Ge with descender">Ӷ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_hook" title="Ge with hook">Г̡</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De with acute (page does not exist)">Д́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/De_with_caron" title="De with caron">Д̌</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_with_diaeresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De with diaeresis (page does not exist)">Д̈</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De with dot below (page does not exist)">Д̣</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/De_with_breve" title="De with breve">Д̆</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Ye_with_breve" title="Ye with breve">Ӗ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ye_with_tilde" title="Ye with tilde">Е̃</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yo_with_macron" title="Yo with macron">Ё̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Ye_with_diaeresis" title="Ukrainian Ye with diaeresis">Є̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Reversed_Ze" title="Reversed Ze">Ԑ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Reversed_Ze_with_diaeresis" title="Reversed Ze with diaeresis">Ԑ̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Zhje" title="Zhje">Җ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Zhe_with_diaeresis" title="Zhe with diaeresis">Ӝ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Zhe_with_breve" title="Zhe with breve">Ӂ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhe_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhe with dot below (page does not exist)">Ж̣</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dhe_(Cyrillic)" title="Dhe (Cyrillic)">Ҙ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ze_with_diaeresis" title="Ze with diaeresis">Ӟ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ze_with_caron" title="Ze with caron">З̌</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ze_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ze with dot below (page does not exist)">З̣</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ze_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ze with breve (page does not exist)">З̆</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Dze" title="Abkhazian Dze">Ӡ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/I_with_tilde_(Cyrillic)" title="I with tilde (Cyrillic)">И̃</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Short_I_with_tail" title="Short I with tail">Ҋ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_descender" title="Ka with descender">Қ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_hook" title="Ka with hook">Ӄ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_Qa" title="Bashkir Qa">Ҡ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_stroke" title="Ka with stroke">Ҟ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_vertical_stroke" title="Ka with vertical stroke">Ҝ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with dot below (page does not exist)">К̣</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_ring_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with ring above (page does not exist)">к̊</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qaf_with_ring_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qaf with ring above (page does not exist)">қ̊</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Qa_(Cyrillic)" title="Qa (Cyrillic)">Ԛ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/%E1%B4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="ᴫ">ᴫ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El with acute (page does not exist)">Л́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/El_with_tail" title="El with tail">Ӆ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/El_with_descender" title="El with descender">Ԯ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/El_with_hook" title="El with hook">Ԓ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_with_diaeresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El with diaeresis (page does not exist)">Л̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Em_with_tail" title="Em with tail">Ӎ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Superscript_En" title="Superscript En">ᵸ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=En_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="En with acute (page does not exist)">Н́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/En_with_tail" title="En with tail">Ӊ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/En_with_descender" title="En with descender">Ң</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/En_with_left_hook" title="En with left hook">Ԩ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/En_with_hook" title="En with hook">Ӈ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/En-ge" title="En-ge">Ҥ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_with_breve_(Cyrillic)" title="O with breve (Cyrillic)">О̆</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/O_with_tilde_(Cyrillic)" title="O with tilde (Cyrillic)">О̃</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=O_with_diaeresis_and_macron_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O with diaeresis and macron (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">Ӧ̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Oe_(Cyrillic)" title="Oe (Cyrillic)">Ө</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Oe_with_macron" title="Oe with macron">Ө̄</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oe_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oe with acute (page does not exist)">Ө́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Oe_with_breve" title="Oe with breve">Ө̆</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Oe_with_diaeresis" title="Oe with diaeresis">Ӫ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Pe_with_descender" title="Pe with descender">Ԥ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe_with_diaeresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pe with diaeresis (page does not exist)">П̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Er_with_caron" title="Er with caron">Р̌</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Er_with_tick" title="Er with tick">Ҏ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Es_with_caron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Es with caron (page does not exist)">С̌</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/The_(Cyrillic)" title="The (Cyrillic)">Ҫ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Es_with_dot_below_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Es with dot below (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">С̣</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Es_with_macron_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Es with macron below (page does not exist)">С̱</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with acute (page does not exist)">Т́</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_diaeresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with diaeresis (page does not exist)">Т̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Te_with_caron" title="Te with caron">Т̌</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_dot_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with dot above (page does not exist)">Т̇</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with dot below (page does not exist)">Т̣</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Te_with_descender" title="Te with descender">Ҭ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tje" title="Tje">Ᲊ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_tilde_(Cyrillic)" title="U with tilde (Cyrillic)">У̃</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_double_acute_(Cyrillic)" title="U with double acute (Cyrillic)">Ӳ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/U_with_ring_above_(Cyrillic)" title="U with ring above (Cyrillic)">У̊</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=U_with_diaeresis_and_macron_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U with diaeresis and macron (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">Ӱ̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Short_U" title="Kazakh Short U">Ұ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ue_(Cyrillic)" title="Ue (Cyrillic)">Ү</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ue_with_acute_(Cyrillic)" title="Ue with acute (Cyrillic)">Ү́</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with dot below (page does not exist)">Х̣</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_macron_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with macron below (page does not exist)">Х̱</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_inverted_breve_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with inverted breve below (page does not exist)">Х̮</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kha_with_inverted_breve" title="Kha with inverted breve">Х̑</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kha_with_caron" class="mw-redirect" title="Kha with caron">Х̌</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kha_with_descender" title="Kha with descender">Ҳ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kha_with_hook" title="Kha with hook">Ӽ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_ring_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with ring above (page does not exist)">х̊</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Kha_with_stroke" title="Kha with stroke">Ӿ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_stroke_and_ring_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with stroke and ring above (page does not exist)">ӿ̊</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Shha" title="Shha">Һ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shha_with_diaeresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shha with diaeresis (page does not exist)">Һ̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Shha_with_descender" title="Shha with descender">Ԧ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tse_with_caron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tse with caron (page does not exist)">Ц̌</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tse_with_diaeresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tse with diaeresis (page does not exist)">Ц̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Te_Tse_(Cyrillic)" title="Te Tse (Cyrillic)">Ҵ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Che_with_descender" title="Che with descender">Ҷ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Che_with_descender_and_dot_below" title="Che with descender and dot below">Ҷ̣</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Che_with_diaeresis" title="Che with diaeresis">Ӵ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Khakassian_Che" title="Khakassian Che">Ӌ</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Che_with_hook" title="Che with hook"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_with_hook.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_with_hook.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_with_hook.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_with_hook.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_with_hook.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_with_hook.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="258" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Che_with_vertical_stroke" title="Che with vertical stroke">Ҹ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Che_with_dot_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Che with dot above (page does not exist)">Ч̇</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Che_with_dot_below" title="Che with dot below">Ч̣</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Che" title="Abkhazian Che">Ҽ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Che_with_descender" title="Abkhazian Che with descender">Ҿ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sha_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sha with dot below (page does not exist)">Ш̣</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Unicode_superscripts_and_subscripts" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode superscripts and subscripts">ꚜ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yery_with_breve" title="Yery with breve"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ы̆</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yery_with_macron" title="Yery with macron"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ы̄</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yery_with_diaeresis" title="Yery with diaeresis">Ӹ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Unicode_superscripts_and_subscripts" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode superscripts and subscripts">ꚝ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Semisoft_sign" title="Semisoft sign">Ҍ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/O-hook" title="O-hook">Ҩ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/E_with_breve_(Cyrillic)" title="E with breve (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Э̆</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/E_with_macron_(Cyrillic)" title="E with macron (Cyrillic)">Э̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/E_with_dot_above_(Cyrillic)" title="E with dot above (Cyrillic)">Э̇</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/E_with_diaeresis_(Cyrillic)" title="E with diaeresis (Cyrillic)">Ӭ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_with_diaeresis_and_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E with diaeresis and acute (page does not exist)">Ӭ́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/E_with_diaeresis_and_macron" class="mw-redirect" title="E with diaeresis and macron">Ӭ̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yu_with_breve" title="Yu with breve"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ю̆</span></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Yu_with_diaeresis" title="Yu with diaeresis"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ю̈</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yu_with_macron" title="Yu with macron"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ю̄</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ya_with_breve" title="Ya with breve"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Я̆</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ya_with_macron" title="Ya with macron"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Я̄</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ya_with_diaeresis" title="Ya with diaeresis"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Я̈</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Palochka" title="Palochka">Ӏ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Modifier_letter_apostrophe" title="Modifier letter apostrophe">ʼ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Modifier_letter_double_apostrophe" title="Modifier letter double apostrophe">ˮ</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#efefef;"><a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Archaic</a> or unused letters</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Script_A" title="Script A"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_A.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_A.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_A.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="174" data-file-height="203" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/A_with_ogonek_(Cyrillic)" title="A with ogonek (Cyrillic)">А̨</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Be_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Be with grave (page does not exist)">Б̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Be_with_dot_below" title="Be with dot below">Б̣</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Be_with_macron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Be with macron (page does not exist)">Б̱</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ve_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ve with grave (page does not exist)">В̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with grave (page does not exist)">Г̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_cedilla" title="Ge with cedilla"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Г̧</span></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Ge_with_macron" title="Ge with macron"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Г̄</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with comma (page does not exist)">Г̓</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_middle_hook_and_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with middle hook and grave (page does not exist)">Ҕ̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ge_with_middle_hook_and_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ge with middle hook and breve (page does not exist)">Ҕ̆</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ge_split_by_middle_ring" title="Ge split by middle ring"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Cyrillic_capital_letter_split_by_middle_ring_Ghe.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_split_by_middle_ring_Ghe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Cyrillic_capital_letter_split_by_middle_ring_Ghe.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_split_by_middle_ring_Ghe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Cyrillic_capital_letter_split_by_middle_ring_Ghe.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_split_by_middle_ring_Ghe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="194" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_De" title="Komi De">Ԁ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De with comma (page does not exist)">Д̓</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=De_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="De with grave (page does not exist)">Д̀</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/De_with_ogonek" class="mw-redirect" title="De with ogonek">Д̨</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dje" title="Dje"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Cyrillic_capital_letter_archaic_Dje.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_archaic_Dje.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Cyrillic_capital_letter_archaic_Dje.svg/18px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_archaic_Dje.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Cyrillic_capital_letter_archaic_Dje.svg/24px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_archaic_Dje.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="232" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_Dje" title="Komi Dje">Ԃ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dwe_(Cyrillic)" title="Dwe (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚁ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Soft_De" title="Soft De"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙣ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ye_with_dot_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ye with dot above (page does not exist)">Е̇</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ye_with_ogonek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ye with ogonek (page does not exist)">Е̨</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhe_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhe with grave (page does not exist)">Ж̀</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhe_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhe with inverted breve (page does not exist)">Ж̑</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Zhe_with_stroke" title="Zhe with stroke"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cyrillic_small_letter_Zhe_with_long_middle_leg_and_stroke_through_descender.svg/13px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Zhe_with_long_middle_leg_and_stroke_through_descender.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cyrillic_small_letter_Zhe_with_long_middle_leg_and_stroke_through_descender.svg/20px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Zhe_with_long_middle_leg_and_stroke_through_descender.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cyrillic_small_letter_Zhe_with_long_middle_leg_and_stroke_through_descender.svg/26px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Zhe_with_long_middle_leg_and_stroke_through_descender.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="221" data-file-height="196" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Je_with_belt" title="Je with belt"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ie.svg/6px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ie.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ie.svg/9px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ie.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ie.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ie.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="254" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dze" title="Dze"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙃ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dze" title="Dze">Ꙅ</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dje_with_high_right_breve_serif" title="Dje with high right breve serif"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cyrillic_small_letter_Dje_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/8px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Dje_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cyrillic_small_letter_Dje_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Dje_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Cyrillic_small_letter_Dje_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/16px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Dje_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="119" data-file-height="258" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzhe_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzhe with breve (page does not exist)">Џ̆</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Zhwe" title="Zhwe"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚅ</span></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhwe_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhwe with breve (page does not exist)">Ꚅ̆</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ze_(Cyrillic)" title="Ze (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙁ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ze_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ze with grave (page does not exist)">З̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ze_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ze with inverted breve (page does not exist)">З̑</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_Zje" title="Komi Zje">Ԅ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_Dzje" title="Komi Dzje">Ԇ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dzze" title="Dzze"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚉ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dzzhe" title="Dzzhe"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԫ</span></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Dzwe" title="Dzwe"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚃ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Hwe_(Cyrillic)" title="Hwe (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚕ</span></a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Shha_with_Cil_top" title="Shha with Cil top"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_Cil_top.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_Cil_top.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_Cil_top.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_Cil_top.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_Cil_top.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_Cil_top.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="201" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Shha_with_high_right_breve_serif" title="Shha with high right breve serif"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="194" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dotted_I_with_circumflex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dotted I with circumflex (page does not exist)">І̂</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dotted_I_with_dot_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dotted I with dot below (page does not exist)">І̣</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dotted_I_with_ogonek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dotted I with ogonek (page does not exist)">І̨</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dotted_I_with_curve_at_bottom" title="Dotted I with curve at bottom"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Dha.svg/6px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Dha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Dha.svg/9px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Dha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Dha.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Dha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="315" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Je_with_stroke_(Cyrillic)" title="Je with stroke (Cyrillic)">Ј̵</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Je_with_tilde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Je with tilde (page does not exist)">Ј̃</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Djerv" title="Djerv"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙉ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with comma (page does not exist)">К̓</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_grave" title="Ka with grave">К̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with breve (page does not exist)">К̆</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_hook_and_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with hook and breve (page does not exist)">Ӄ̆</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with inverted breve (page does not exist)">К̑</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_dot_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with dot above (page does not exist)">К̇</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka_with_diaeresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ka with diaeresis (page does not exist)">К̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_macron" title="Ka with macron">К̄</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Aleut_Ka" title="Aleut Ka"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԟ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_circumflex" title="Ka with circumflex">К̂</a></td><td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_loop" title="Ka with loop"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ka_with_loop.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ka_with_loop.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ka_with_loop.svg/18px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ka_with_loop.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ka_with_loop.svg/24px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Ka_with_loop.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="201" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ka_with_ascender" title="Ka with ascender"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Cyrillic_small_letter_ka_with_ascender.svg/8px-Cyrillic_small_letter_ka_with_ascender.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Cyrillic_small_letter_ka_with_ascender.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_ka_with_ascender.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Cyrillic_small_letter_ka_with_ascender.svg/16px-Cyrillic_small_letter_ka_with_ascender.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="376" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El with grave (page does not exist)">Л̀</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/El_with_middle_hook" title="El with middle hook"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԡ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Soft_El" title="Soft El"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙥ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_Lje" title="Komi Lje">Ԉ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El with inverted breve (page does not exist)">Л̑</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_with_dot_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El with dot above (page does not exist)">Л̇</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Lha_(Cyrillic)" title="Lha (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԕ</span></a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/El_with_retroflex_hook" title="El with retroflex hook"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Cyrillic_small_letter_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Cyrillic_small_letter_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg/18px-Cyrillic_small_letter_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Cyrillic_small_letter_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg/24px-Cyrillic_small_letter_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="179" data-file-height="196" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/El_Er" title="El Er"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Cyrillic_small_letter_El_Er.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_El_Er.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Cyrillic_small_letter_El_Er.svg/18px-Cyrillic_small_letter_El_Er.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Cyrillic_small_letter_El_Er.svg/24px-Cyrillic_small_letter_El_Er.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="195" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Te_El_with_retroflex_hook" title="Te El with retroflex hook"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg/18px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg/24px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_with_retroflex_hook.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="196" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Em_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Em with grave (page does not exist)">М̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Em_with_tilde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Em with tilde (page does not exist)">М̃</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Soft_Em" title="Soft Em"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙧ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=En_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="En with grave (page does not exist)">Н̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/En_with_macron" title="En with macron">Н̄</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=En_with_cedilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="En with cedilla (page does not exist)">Н̧</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=En_with_tilde_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="En with tilde (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">Н̃</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_Nje" title="Komi Nje">Ԋ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/En_with_middle_hook" title="En with middle hook"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԣ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=En_with_palatal_hook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="En with palatal hook (page does not exist)">Н̡</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Broad_On" title="Broad On">Ѻ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_o_variants#Monocular_O" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic o variants"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙩ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_o_variants#Binocular_O" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic o variants"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙫ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_o_variants#Double_monocular_O" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic o variants"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙭ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_o_variants#Multiocular_O" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic o variants"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">ꙮ</span></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_o_variants#Double_O" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic o variants">Ꚙ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_o_variants#Crossed_O" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic o variants"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚛ</span></a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/O_with_open_top" title="O with open top"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Cyrillic_small_letter_O_with_notch_at_top.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_O_with_notch_at_top.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Cyrillic_small_letter_O_with_notch_at_top.svg/18px-Cyrillic_small_letter_O_with_notch_at_top.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Cyrillic_small_letter_O_with_notch_at_top.svg/24px-Cyrillic_small_letter_O_with_notch_at_top.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="139" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/O_with_open_bottom" title="O with open bottom"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cyrillic_capital_letter_open_at_bottom_O.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_open_at_bottom_O.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cyrillic_capital_letter_open_at_bottom_O.svg/18px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_open_at_bottom_O.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cyrillic_capital_letter_open_at_bottom_O.svg/24px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_open_at_bottom_O.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="279" data-file-height="202" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/O_with_left_notch" title="O with left notch"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Cyrillic_capital_letter_O_with_left_notch.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_O_with_left_notch.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Cyrillic_capital_letter_O_with_left_notch.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_O_with_left_notch.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Cyrillic_capital_letter_O_with_left_notch.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_O_with_left_notch.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="258" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pe with comma (page does not exist)">П̓</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pe with grave (page does not exist)">П̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pe with acute (page does not exist)">П́</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Pe_with_middle_hook" title="Pe with middle hook">Ҧ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe_with_cedilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pe with cedilla (page does not exist)">П̧</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pe with inverted breve (page does not exist)">П̑</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Koppa_(Cyrillic)" title="Koppa (Cyrillic)">Ҁ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qa_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qa with breve (page does not exist)">Ԛ̆</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Shha_with_hook" title="Shha with hook"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_hook.svg/7px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_hook.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_hook.svg/11px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_hook.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_hook.svg/15px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Shha_with_hook.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="258" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Er_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Er with acute (page does not exist)">Р́</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Er_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Er with grave (page does not exist)">Р̀</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Er_with_tilde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Er with tilde (page does not exist)">Р̃</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Split_at_right_Er" title="Split at right Er"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cyrillic_small_letter_split_at_right_Er.svg/6px-Cyrillic_small_letter_split_at_right_Er.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cyrillic_small_letter_split_at_right_Er.svg/9px-Cyrillic_small_letter_split_at_right_Er.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Cyrillic_small_letter_split_at_right_Er.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_split_at_right_Er.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="132" data-file-height="195" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Rha_(Cyrillic)" title="Rha (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԗ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Es_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Es with grave (page does not exist)">С̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Es_with_diaeresis" title="Es with diaeresis">С̈</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_Sje" title="Komi Sje">Ԍ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The with comma (page does not exist)">Ҫ̓</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Long_Es" title="Long Es"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cyrillic_capital_letter_long_Es.svg/6px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_long_Es.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cyrillic_capital_letter_long_Es.svg/9px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_long_Es.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Cyrillic_capital_letter_long_Es.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_long_Es.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="145" data-file-height="257" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with comma (page does not exist)">Т̓</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with grave (page does not exist)">Т̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Komi_Tje" title="Komi Tje">Ԏ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with inverted breve (page does not exist)">Т̑</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Te_with_middle_hook" title="Te with middle hook"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚋ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Te_with_cedilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Te with cedilla (page does not exist)">Т̧</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Twe" title="Twe"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚍ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Twe_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Twe with breve (page does not exist)">Ꚍ̆</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Te_El" title="Te El"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El.svg/13px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El.svg/20px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El.svg/26px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="171" data-file-height="136" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_El" title="Voiceless El"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_Soft-sign.svg/13px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_Soft-sign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_Soft-sign.svg/20px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_Soft-sign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_Soft-sign.svg/26px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Te_El_Soft-sign.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="202" data-file-height="136" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Voiceless_El_with_comma" title="Voiceless El with comma"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cyrillic_small_letter_voiceless_L_with_comma_above.svg/13px-Cyrillic_small_letter_voiceless_L_with_comma_above.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cyrillic_small_letter_voiceless_L_with_comma_above.svg/20px-Cyrillic_small_letter_voiceless_L_with_comma_above.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Cyrillic_small_letter_voiceless_L_with_comma_above.svg/26px-Cyrillic_small_letter_voiceless_L_with_comma_above.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Uk_(Cyrillic)" title="Uk (Cyrillic)">Ѹ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Uk_(Cyrillic)" title="Uk (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙋ</span></a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Script_U" title="Script U"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_U.svg/11px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_U.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_U.svg/17px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_U.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_U.svg/22px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_script_U.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="259" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=U_with_dot_above_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U with dot above (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">У̇</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=U_with_ogonek_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U with ogonek (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">У̨</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uk_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uk with acute (page does not exist)">ꙋ́</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ef_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ef with inverted breve (page does not exist)">Ф̑</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ef_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ef with comma (page does not exist)">Ф̓</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with acute (page does not exist)">Х́</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with grave (page does not exist)">Х̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with breve (page does not exist)">Х̆</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_dot_above&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with dot above (page does not exist)">Х̇</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_cedilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with cedilla (page does not exist)">Х̧</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Kha_with_vertical_tilde" title="Kha with vertical tilde">Х̾</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kha_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kha with comma (page does not exist)">Х̓</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bashkir_Ha" title="Bashkir Ha"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ha.svg/6px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ha.svg/9px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ha.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_bashkir_Ha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="141" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shha_with_macron_below&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shha with macron below (page does not exist)">һ̱</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Omega_(Cyrillic)" title="Omega (Cyrillic)">Ѡ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Omega_(Cyrillic)" title="Omega (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙍ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Omega_(Cyrillic)" title="Omega (Cyrillic)">Ѽ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ot_(Cyrillic)" title="Ot (Cyrillic)">Ѿ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Reversed_Tse" title="Reversed Tse"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙡ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tse_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tse with grave (page does not exist)">Ц̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tse_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tse with acute (page does not exist)">Ц́</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tse_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tse with comma (page does not exist)">Ц̓</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tse_with_long_left_leg" title="Tse with long left leg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Tse_with_long_left_leg.svg/10px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Tse_with_long_left_leg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Tse_with_long_left_leg.svg/15px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Tse_with_long_left_leg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Tse_with_long_left_leg.svg/20px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Tse_with_long_left_leg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="203" data-file-height="232" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tswe" title="Tswe"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚏ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tswe_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tswe with breve (page does not exist)">Ꚏ̆</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cil_(Cyrillic)" title="Cil (Cyrillic)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="129" data-file-height="265" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cil_with_bar" title="Cil with bar"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil_with_bar.svg/8px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil_with_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil_with_bar.svg/12px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil_with_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil_with_bar.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Cil_with_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="129" data-file-height="265" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tsse_(Cyrillic)" title="Tsse (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚑ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Che_with_acute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Che with acute (page does not exist)">Ч́</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Che_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Che with grave (page does not exist)">Ч̀</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Che_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Che with breve (page does not exist)">Ч̆</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Che_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Che with inverted breve (page does not exist)">Ч̑</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Che_with_comma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Che with comma (page does not exist)">Ч̓</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Char_(Cyrillic)" title="Char (Cyrillic)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Char.svg/10px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Char.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Char.svg/15px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Char.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Char.svg/20px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Char.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="179" data-file-height="257" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Char_with_high_right_breve_serif" title="Char with high right breve serif"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cyrillic_small_letter_Char_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/8px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Char_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cyrillic_small_letter_Char_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/12px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Char_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cyrillic_small_letter_Char_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg/16px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Char_with_high_right_breve_serif.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="134" data-file-height="258" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Dche" title="Dche"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԭ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tche" title="Tche"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚓ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Cche" class="mw-redirect" title="Cche"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚇ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cche_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cche with breve (page does not exist)">Ꚇ̆</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abkhazian_Che_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abkhazian Che with breve (page does not exist)">Ҽ̆</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sha_with_grave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sha with grave (page does not exist)">Ш̀</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sha_with_breve" title="Sha with breve">Ш̆</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sha_with_inverted_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sha with inverted breve (page does not exist)">Ш̑</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shcha_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shcha with breve (page does not exist)">Щ̆</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Shwe_(Cyrillic)" title="Shwe (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꚗ</span></a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shwe_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shwe with breve (page does not exist)">Ꚗ̆</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Che_Sha" title="Che Sha"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_Sha.svg/18px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_Sha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_Sha.svg/27px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_Sha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_Sha.svg/36px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_Che_Sha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="194" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign_with_macron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hard sign with macron (page does not exist)">Ъ̄</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign_with_diaresis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hard sign with diaresis (page does not exist)">Ъ̈</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign_with_diaresis_and_macron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hard sign with diaresis and macron (page does not exist)">Ъ̈̄</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Yery" title="Yery">Ꙑ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yery_with_circumflex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yery with circumflex (page does not exist)">Ы̂</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yery_with_tilde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yery with tilde (page does not exist)">Ы̃</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yery_with_connecting_stroke" title="Yery with connecting stroke"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cyrillic_small_letter_Yeru_with_connecting_stroke.svg/11px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Yeru_with_connecting_stroke.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cyrillic_small_letter_Yeru_with_connecting_stroke.svg/17px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Yeru_with_connecting_stroke.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cyrillic_small_letter_Yeru_with_connecting_stroke.svg/22px-Cyrillic_small_letter_Yeru_with_connecting_stroke.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="141" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yat_with_acute" class="mw-redirect" title="Yat with acute">Ѣ́</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yat_with_diaeresis" title="Yat with diaeresis">Ѣ̈</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yat_with_breve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yat with breve (page does not exist)">Ѣ̆</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yat" title="Yat"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙓ</span></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_with_ogonek_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E with ogonek (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">Э̨</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_with_circumflex_(Cyrillic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E with circumflex (Cyrillic) (page does not exist)">Э̂</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Reversed_Yu" class="mw-redirect" title="Reversed Yu">Ꙕ</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yu_wth_circumflex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yu wth circumflex (page does not exist)">Ю̂</a></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iotated_uk" title="Iotated uk"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk.svg/16px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk.svg/24px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk.svg/32px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="455" /></a></span></td><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iotated_uk_with_breve" title="Iotated uk with breve"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk_with_breve.svg/14px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk_with_breve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk_with_breve.svg/21px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk_with_breve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk_with_breve.svg/28px-Cyrillic_capital_letter_iotified_monograph_uk_with_breve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="557" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Iotated_A" title="Iotated A">Ꙗ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ya_with_diaeresis" title="Ya with diaeresis"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Я̈</span></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ya_with_circumflex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ya with circumflex (page does not exist)">Я̂</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ya_with_ogonek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ya with ogonek (page does not exist)">Я̨</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yae_(Cyrillic)" title="Yae (Cyrillic)"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ԙ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Iotated_E" title="Iotated E">Ѥ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѧ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙙ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѫ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ꙛ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѩ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙝ</span></a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">Ѭ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ksi_(Cyrillic)" title="Ksi (Cyrillic)">Ѯ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Psi_(Cyrillic)" title="Psi (Cyrillic)">Ѱ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Fita" title="Fita">Ѳ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Izhitsa" title="Izhitsa">Ѵ</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Izhitsa" title="Izhitsa">Ѷ</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td><a href="/wiki/Yn" title="Yn"><span style="font-family: 'DejaVu Sans', 'DejaVu Serif', Junicode, Quivira, sans-serif;">Ꙟ</span></a></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below plainlist" style="background:#efefef;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cyrillic_letters" title="List of Cyrillic letters">List of Cyrillic letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cyrillic_multigraphs" title="List of Cyrillic multigraphs">List of Cyrillic multigraphs</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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.side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This article contains <b><a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA)</b>. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</div></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Azbuka_Benois_-_%D0%AA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Azbuka_Benois_-_%D0%AA.jpg/220px-Azbuka_Benois_-_%D0%AA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Azbuka_Benois_-_%D0%AA.jpg/330px-Azbuka_Benois_-_%D0%AA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Azbuka_Benois_-_%D0%AA.jpg/440px-Azbuka_Benois_-_%D0%AA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="581" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Hard sign, from <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Benois" title="Alexandre Benois">Alexandre Benois</a>' 1904 <a href="/wiki/Alphabet_book" title="Alphabet book">alphabet book</a>. It shows <i>dub′</i> (<a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a>), <i>vjezd′</i> (<a href="/wiki/Royal_entry" title="Royal entry">entry</a>) and <i>syr′</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">cheese</a>).</figcaption></figure> <p>The letter <b>Ъ ъ</b> (italics <span style="font-family: times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: larger"><i>Ъ</i>, <i>ъ</i></span>) of the <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_script" title="Cyrillic script">Cyrillic script</a> is known as <b>er golyam</b> (<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">ер голям</span></span> – "big er") in the <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_alphabet" title="Bulgarian alphabet">Bulgarian alphabet</a>, as the <b>hard sign</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">твёрдый знак</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">tvjordyj znak</i></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[ˈtvʲɵrdɨj<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈznak]</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Rusyn_language" title="Rusyn language">Rusyn</a>: <span lang="rue">твердый знак</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Rusyn-language romanization"><i lang="rue-Latn">tverdyj znak</i></span>) in the modern <a href="/wiki/Russian_alphabet" title="Russian alphabet">Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rusyn_language" title="Rusyn language">Rusyn</a> alphabets (although in Rusyn, ъ could also be known as ір), as the <b>debelo jer</b> (дебело їер, "fat er") in pre-<a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Serbian Cyrillic alphabet">reform</a> Serbian orthography,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as <i><b>ayirish belgisi</b></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Uzbek_language" title="Uzbek language">Uzbek</a> <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic alphabet">Cyrillic alphabet</a>. The letter is called <b>back yer</b> or <b>back jer</b> and <b>yor</b> or <b>jor</b> in the <a href="/wiki/Reforms_of_Russian_orthography" title="Reforms of Russian orthography">pre-reform Russian orthography</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Old_East_Slavic" title="Old East Slavic">Old East Slavic</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Old Church Slavonic</a>. </p><p>Originally the yer denoted an ultra-short or <a href="/wiki/Reduced_vowel" class="mw-redirect" title="Reduced vowel">reduced</a> <a href="/wiki/Mid_vowel" title="Mid vowel">mid</a> <a href="/wiki/Rounded_vowel" class="mw-redirect" title="Rounded vowel">rounded vowel</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It is one of two reduced vowels that are collectively known as the <a href="/wiki/Yer" title="Yer">yers</a> in Slavic philology. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bulgarian">Bulgarian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Bulgarian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>, the <i>er goljam</i> ("<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">ер голям</span></span>") is the 27th letter of the alphabet. It is used for the phoneme representing the <a href="/wiki/Mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid back unrounded vowel">mid back unrounded vowel</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɤ̞/</span>, sometimes also notated as a <a href="/wiki/Schwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Schwa">schwa</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ə/</span>. It sounds somewhat like the vowel sound in some pronunciations of English "b<i><b>u</b></i>t" <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[bʌ̘t]</span> or <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> "<i>d<b>e</b></i>" (的) <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[tɤ]</span>. It sounds similar to the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a> letter "<a href="/wiki/%C4%82" title="Ă">ă</a>" (for example, in "<i>b<b>ă</b>iat</i>" <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[bəˈjat̪]</span>) and <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a> letter <a href="/wiki/%C3%95" title="Õ">õ</a>. In unstressed positions (in the same manner as ⟨а⟩), ⟨ъ⟩ is normally pronounced <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɐ/</span>, which sounds like Sanskrit "<i><b>a</b></i>" (अ), Portuguese "<i>terr<b>a</b></i>" <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈtɛxɐ]</span>, or the German <i><b>-er</b></i> in the word "<i>Kind<b>er</b></i>" <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈkʰɪndɐ]</span>. Unlike the schwa sound in English, the Bulgarian <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɤ̞/</span> can appear in unstressed as well as in stressed syllables, for example in "<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">въ́здух</span></span>" ['vɤ̞zdux] 'air' or even at the beginning of words (only in the word "<span title="Bulgarian-language text"><span lang="bg">ъ́гъл</span></span>" ['ɤ̞gɐɫ] ‘angle’). </p><p>Before the reform of 1945, this sound was written with two letters, "ъ" and "<a href="/wiki/Yus" title="Yus">ѫ</a>" ("big yus", denoting a former <a href="/wiki/Nasal_vowel" title="Nasal vowel">nasal vowel</a>). Additionally "ъ" was used silently after a final consonant, as in Russian. In 1945 final "ъ" was dropped; and the letter "ѫ" was abolished, being replaced by "ъ" in most cases. However, to prevent confusion with the former silent final "ъ", final "ѫ" was replaced instead with "а" (which has the same sound when not <a href="/wiki/Stress_(phonetics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stress (phonetics)">stressed</a>). </p><p>It is variously transliterated as ⟨ǎ⟩, ⟨ă⟩, ⟨ą⟩, ⟨ë⟩, ⟨ę⟩, ⟨ų⟩, ⟨ŭ⟩, or simply ⟨a⟩, ⟨u⟩ and even ⟨y⟩. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Belarusian_and_Ukrainian">Belarusian and Ukrainian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Belarusian and Ukrainian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The letter ъ is not used in the alphabets of <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>, its functions being performed by the <a href="/wiki/Apostrophe_(mark)" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostrophe (mark)">apostrophe</a> instead. In the Latin Belarusian alphabet (<a href="/wiki/Lacinka_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacinka alphabet">Łacinka</a>), as in <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>, the hard sign's functions are performed by a following <i>j</i> rather than the <i>i</i> that would be present after a palatalized consonant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rusyn">Rusyn</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rusyn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Carpatho-Rusyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpatho-Rusyn">Carpatho-Rusyn</a> alphabets of Slovakia and Poland, ъ (also known as ір in Cyrillic or yr in Latin alphabets) is the last letter of the alphabet, unlike the majority of <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a> alphabets, which place ъ after <a href="/wiki/%D0%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Щ">щ</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Rusyn" title="Pannonian Rusyn">Pannonian Rusyn</a>, ъ is not present. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Macedonian">Macedonian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Macedonian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a> is most closely related to Bulgarian, its writing system does not use the <i>yer</i>. During the creation of the modern Macedonian orthography in the late 1944 and the first half of 1945, the <i>yer</i> was one of the subjects of arguments. The problem was that the corresponding vowel exists in many dialects of Macedonian, but it is not systematically present in the west-central dialect, the base on which the Macedonian language standard was being developed. </p><p>Among the leaders of the Macedonian alphabet and orthography design team, <a href="/wiki/Venko_Markovski" title="Venko Markovski">Venko Markovski</a> argued for using the letter <i>yer</i>, much like the Bulgarian orthography does, but <a href="/wiki/Bla%C5%BEe_Koneski" title="Blaže Koneski">Blaže Koneski</a> was against it. An early version of the alphabet promulgated on December 28, 1944, contained the <i>yer</i>, but in the final version of the alphabet, approved in May 1945, Koneski's point of view prevailed, and no <i>yer</i> was used.<sup id="cite_ref-marinov_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marinov-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The absence of <i>yer</i> leads to an apostrophe often being used in Macedonian to print texts composed in the language varieties that use the corresponding vowel, such as the Bulgarian writer <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Miladinov" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstantin Miladinov">Konstantin Miladinov</a>'s poem <span title="Macedonian-language text"><span lang="mk">Т'га за југ</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg"><a href="/wiki/Taga_za_Yug" title="Taga za Yug">Тъга за юг</a></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-marinov_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marinov-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Russian">Russian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Russian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_Russian:_hard_sign">Modern Russian: hard sign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modern Russian: hard sign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Modern Russian, the letter "ъ" is called the <i>hard sign</i> (твёрдый знак / <i>tvjordyj znak</i>). It has no phonetic value of its own and is purely an orthographic device or it doesn't make a sound. Its function is to separate a number of prefixes ending in consonants from subsequent <a href="/wiki/Morpheme" title="Morpheme">morphemes</a> that begin with <a href="/wiki/Iotation" title="Iotation">iotated</a> vowels. In native words, it is therefore only seen in front of the letters "я", "е", "ё", and "ю" (<i>ja</i>, <i>je</i>, <i>jo</i>, and <i>ju</i> in English). The hard sign marks the fact that the sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j]</span> continues to be heard separately in the composition. For example: </p> <ul><li>сесть <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈsʲesʲtʲ]</span> <i>sjestʹ</i> 'sit down'</li> <li>съесть <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈsjesʲtʲ]</span> <i>sʺjestʹ</i> perfective form of 'eat'</li></ul> <p>It therefore functions as a kind of "separation sign" and has been used only sparingly in the aforementioned cases since the <a href="/wiki/Reforms_of_Russian_orthography#The_post-revolution_reform" title="Reforms of Russian orthography">spelling reform of 1918</a>. The consonant before the hard sign often becomes somewhat softened (<a href="/wiki/Palatalization_(phonetics)" title="Palatalization (phonetics)">palatalized</a>) due to the following iotation. As a result, in the twentieth century there were occasional proposals to eliminate the hard sign altogether, and replace it with the soft sign ь, which always marks the softening of a consonant. However, in part because the degree of softening before ъ is not uniform, the proposals were never implemented. The hard sign ъ is written after both native and borrowed prefixes. It is sometimes used before "и" (<i>i</i>), non-iotated vowels or even consonants in Russian transcriptions of foreign names to mark an unexpected syllable break, much like an apostrophe in Latin script (e.g. <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:Чанъань">Чанъань</a> — <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic ʽayn</a> (e.g. <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="ru:Даръа">Даръа</a> — <a href="/wiki/Dar%CA%BDa" class="mw-redirect" title="Darʽa">Darʽa</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[ˈdarʕa]</a></span>), or combined with a consonant to form a <a href="/wiki/Khoisan_languages" title="Khoisan languages">Khoisan</a> <a href="/wiki/Click_consonant" title="Click consonant">click</a> (e.g. <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="ru:Чъхоан">Чъхоан</a> — <a href="/wiki/%C7%82Hoan" class="mw-redirect" title="ǂHoan">ǂHoan</a>). However, such usage is not uniform and, except for transliteration of Chinese proper names, has not yet been formally codified (see also <a href="/wiki/Russian_phonology" title="Russian phonology">Russian phonology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_orthography" title="Russian orthography">Russian orthography</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Final_yer_pre-1918">Final <i>yer</i> pre-1918</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Final yer pre-1918"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before 1918, a hard sign was normally written at the end of a word when following a non-palatal consonant, even though it had no effect on pronunciation. For example, the word for "male cat" was written "котъ" (<i>kotʺ</i>) before the reform, and "кот" (<i>kot</i>) after it. This old usage of ъ was eliminated by the spelling reform of 1918, implemented by the <a href="/wiki/Bolsheviks" title="Bolsheviks">Bolsheviks</a> after the 1917 <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a>. Because of the way this reform was implemented, the issue became politicized, leading to a number of printing houses in <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">Petrograd</a> refusing to follow the new rules. To force the printing houses to comply, <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">red sailors</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a> confiscated type carrying the "parasite letters".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Uspensky_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uspensky-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Printers were forced to use a non-standard <a href="/wiki/Apostrophe" title="Apostrophe">apostrophe</a> for the separating hard sign, for example: </p> <ul><li>pre-reform: съѣздъ (<i>s'jezd'</i>)</li> <li>transitional: с’езд (<i>s’jezd</i>)</li> <li>post-reform: съезд (<i>s'jezd</i>)</li></ul> <p>In the beginning of the 1920s, the hard sign was gradually restored as the separator. The apostrophe was still used afterward on some <a href="/wiki/Typewriter" title="Typewriter">typewriters</a> that did not include the hard sign, which became the rarest letter in Russian. In <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>, the hard sign was never brought back, and the apostrophe is still in use today. </p><p>According to the rough estimation presented in Lev Uspensky's <a href="/wiki/Popular_science" title="Popular science">popular</a> linguistics book <i>A Word On Words</i> (Слово о словах / <i>Slovo o slovakh</i>), which expresses strong support for the reform, the final hard sign made up about 3.5% of printed text and thus wasted paper and ink, which provided the economic grounds for the reform. </p><p>Printing houses set up by Russian <a href="/wiki/%C3%89migr%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="Émigrés">émigrés</a> abroad kept using the pre-reform orthography for some time, but gradually they adopted the new spelling. Meanwhile, in the <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Explanatory_Dictionary_of_the_Live_Great_Russian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Explanatory Dictionary of the Live Great Russian language">Dahl’s Explanatory Dictionary</a></i> was repeatedly (1935, 1955) reprinted in compliance with the <a href="/wiki/Reforms_of_Russian_orthography" title="Reforms of Russian orthography">old rules of spelling</a> and the pre-reform alphabet. </p><p>Today the final <i>yer</i> is sometimes used in Russian <a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">brand</a> names: the newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a></i> (Коммерсантъ) uses the letter to emphasize its continuity with the pre-Soviet newspaper of the same name. Such usage is often inconsistent, as the <a href="/wiki/Copywriter" class="mw-redirect" title="Copywriter">copywriters</a> may apply the simple rule of putting the hard sign after a consonant at the end of a word but ignore the other former spelling rules, such as the use of <a href="/wiki/Yat" title="Yat">ѣ</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dotted_I_(Cyrillic)" title="Dotted I (Cyrillic)">і</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also sometimes encountered in humorous personal writing adding to the text an "old-fashioned flavour" or separately denoting <i>true</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Statistics">Statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The hard sign is the rarest grapheme of the Russian language. Out of all 200,000 documented words in Russian, only 0.02% contain the letter Ъ. Despite its rare usage in Russian, it is considered one of the most common letters in Bulgarian. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages_of_the_Caucasus_and_Crimean_Tatar">Languages of the Caucasus and Crimean Tatar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Languages of the Caucasus and Crimean Tatar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Cyrillic orthographies for various <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_the_Caucasus" title="Languages of the Caucasus">languages of the Caucasus</a>, along with the <a href="/wiki/Soft_sign" title="Soft sign">soft sign</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Palochka" title="Palochka">palochka</a>, the hard sign is a modifier letter, used extensively in forming digraphs and trigraphs designating sounds alien in Slavic, such as /q/ and <a href="/wiki/Ejectives" class="mw-redirect" title="Ejectives">ejectives</a>. For example, in <a href="/wiki/Ossetian_language" title="Ossetian language">Ossetian</a>, the hard sign is part of the digraphs гъ /ʁ/, къ /kʼ/, пъ /pʼ/, тъ /tʼ/, хъ /q/, цъ /tsʼ/, чъ /tʃʼ/, as well as the trigraphs къу /kʷʼ/ and хъу /qʷ/. The hard sign is used in the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar language</a> for the same purpose. In <a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ingush_language" title="Ingush language">Ingush</a>, the hard sign can represent a glottal stop in addition to its use to represent the ejective consonants used in these languages. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tajik">Tajik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Tajik"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Cyrillic version of the <a href="/wiki/Tajik_alphabet" title="Tajik alphabet">Tajik alphabet</a>, ъ denotes a <a href="/wiki/Glottal_stop" title="Glottal stop">glottal stop</a>, usually found in <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> loanwords. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_letters_and_other_similar_characters">Related letters and other similar characters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Related letters and other similar characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ы ы : <a href="/wiki/%D0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ы">Cyrillic letter Yery</a></li> <li>Ь ь : <a href="/wiki/%D0%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="Ь">Cyrillic letter soft sign</a></li> <li>Ӏ ӏ : <a href="/wiki/%D3%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ӏ">Cyrillic letter Palochka</a></li> <li>Ҍ ҍ : <a href="/wiki/%D2%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="Ҍ">Cyrillic letter semisoft sign</a></li> <li>Ѣ ѣ : <a href="/wiki/Yat" title="Yat">Cyrillic letter <i>yat</i></a></li> <li>Ƅ ƅ : <a href="/wiki/%C6%84" title="Ƅ">Latin letter tone 6</a></li> <li>” : <a href="/wiki/Quotation_mark" title="Quotation mark">Double Quote</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Computing_codes">Computing codes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Computing codes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable template-charmap" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Character information </caption> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="row">Preview</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">Ъ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ъ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ᲆ </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061632564">.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child{height:50px}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]{height:100%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div{height:100%;display:flex;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:0 0.5em}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div>span:nth-child(2){margin:auto;padding:10px 0;font-size:150%;line-height:1}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .smallcaps-cm{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap td:first-child{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .template-charmap-numchr td:nth-child(n/**/+2){font-size:90%;padding:2px}</style>Unicode name </th> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER HARD SIGN </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TALL HARD SIGN </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Encodings</th> <th>decimal</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></td> <td>1066</td> <td>U+042A</td> <td>1098</td> <td>U+044A</td> <td>7302</td> <td>U+1C86 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a></td> <td>208 170</td> <td>D0 AA</td> <td>209 138</td> <td>D1 8A</td> <td>225 178 134</td> <td>E1 B2 86 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">Numeric character reference</a></td> <td>&#1066;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x42A;<wbr /></td> <td>&#1098;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x44A;<wbr /></td> <td>&#7302;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x1C86;<wbr /> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center"> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references" title="List of XML and HTML character entity references">Named character reference</a></td> <td colspan="2">&HARDcy;</td> <td colspan="2">&hardcy;</td> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KOI8-R" title="KOI8-R">KOI8-R</a> and <a href="/wiki/KOI8-U" title="KOI8-U">KOI8-U</a></td> <td>255</td> <td>FF</td> <td>223</td> <td>DF</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Code_page_855" title="Code page 855">Code page 855</a></td> <td>159</td> <td>9F</td> <td>158</td> <td>9E</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Code_page_866" title="Code page 866">Code page 866</a></td> <td>154</td> <td>9A</td> <td>234</td> <td>EA</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows-1251" title="Windows-1251">Windows-1251</a></td> <td>218</td> <td>DA</td> <td>250</td> <td>FA</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macintosh_Cyrillic_encoding" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh Cyrillic encoding">Macintosh Cyrillic</a></td> <td>154</td> <td>9A</td> <td>250</td> <td>FA</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_sign&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, <i>Pismenica serbskoga iezika, po govoru prostoga naroda</i>, 1814.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marinov-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-marinov_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-marinov_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDontchev_DaskalovMarinov2013" class="citation cs2">Dontchev Daskalov, Roumen; Marinov, Tchavdar (2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FGmJqMflYgoC&pg=PA453"><i>Entangled Histories of the Balkans: Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies</i></a>, Balkan Studies Library, BRILL, pp. 453–456, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004250765" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004250765"><bdi>978-9004250765</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Entangled+Histories+of+the+Balkans%3A+Volume+One%3A+National+Ideologies+and+Language+Policies&rft.series=Balkan+Studies+Library&rft.pages=453-456&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-9004250765&rft.aulast=Dontchev+Daskalov&rft.aufirst=Roumen&rft.au=Marinov%2C+Tchavdar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFGmJqMflYgoC%26pg%3DPA453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHard+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090604160709/http://www.vladtv.ru/leksikon.shtml?news=131">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Лексикон" Валерия Скорбилина Архив выпусков программы, "ЛЕКСИКОН" № 238, интервью с Натальей Юдиной, деканом факультета русского языка и литературы"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vladtv.ru/leksikon.shtml?news=131">the original</a> on 2009-06-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-03-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%22+%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%8B%2C+%22%D0%9B%D0%95%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%98%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%9D%22+%E2%84%96+238%2C+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D1%8C%D1%8E+%D1%81+%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%AE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%2C+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0+%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vladtv.ru%2Fleksikon.shtml%3Fnews%3D131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHard+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Uspensky-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Uspensky_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Слово о словах, Лев Успенский, Лениздат, 1962, p. 156</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artlebedev.ru/kovodstvo/sections/23/">"§ 23. Немного о дореволюционной орфографии"</a>. <i>www.artlebedev.ru</i> (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302150512/https://www.artlebedev.ru/kovodstvo/sections/23/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-03-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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