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Moody</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clarence_P._Moody-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Test_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Test_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Test status</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Test_status-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Test status subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Test_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Teams_with_Test_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teams_with_Test_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Teams with Test status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teams_with_Test_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conduct_of_the_game" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conduct_of_the_game"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Conduct of the game</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Conduct_of_the_game-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Conduct of the game subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Conduct_of_the_game-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Playing_time" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playing_time"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Playing time</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Playing_time-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Play" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Play"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Play</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Play-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clothing_and_equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clothing_and_equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Clothing and equipment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clothing_and_equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Competitions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Competitions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Competitions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Competitions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Competitions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Competitions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Tours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perpetual_trophies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perpetual_trophies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Perpetual trophies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perpetual_trophies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Number_of_Perpetual_Trophies_contested_by_team" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Number_of_Perpetual_Trophies_contested_by_team"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Number of Perpetual Trophies contested by team</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Number_of_Perpetual_Trophies_contested_by_team-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_Test_rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_Test_rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>International Test rankings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_Test_rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_Test_Championship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_Test_Championship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>World Test Championship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_Test_Championship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Final_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Final results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popularity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popularity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Popularity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popularity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Test cricket</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toetskrieket" title="Toetskrieket – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Toetskrieket" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%AA" title="تيست كريكت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تيست كريكت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="টেস্ট ক্রিকেট – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টেস্ট ক্রিকেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Test cricket" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Cricket" title="Test Cricket – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Test Cricket" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Test cricket" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%AA" title="تست کریکت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تست کریکت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Test cricket" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%BC%93" title="테스트 크리켓 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테스트 크리켓" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Test cricket" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Test cricket" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಟೆಸ್ಟ್ ಕ್ರಿಕೆಟ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟೆಸ್ಟ್ ಕ್ರಿಕೆಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%B9_%DA%A9%D9%90%D8%B1%D9%9B%DA%A9%D9%8E%D9%B9" title="ٹیسٹ کِرٛکَٹ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ٹیسٹ کِرٛکَٹ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ടെസ്റ്റ് ക്രിക്കറ്റ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടെസ്റ്റ് ക്രിക്കറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="कसोटी सामना – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कसोटी सामना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriket_Ujian" title="Kriket Ujian – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kriket Ujian" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testcricket" title="Testcricket – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Testcricket" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="टेस्ट क्रिकेट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B1%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="テスト・クリケット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テスト・クリケット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%9F" title="ਟੈਸਟ ਕ੍ਰਿਕਟ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟੈਸਟ ਕ੍ਰਿਕਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%B9_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%B9" title="ٹیسٹ کرکٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹیسٹ کرکٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecz_testowy_(krykiet)" title="Mecz testowy (krykiet) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mecz testowy (krykiet)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" 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– Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ටෙස්ට්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Test cricket" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_kriket" title="Test kriket – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Test kriket" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Longest and original form of cricket</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the format for men's international cricket. For the women's format, see <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Test_cricket" title="Women's Test cricket">Women's Test cricket</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn" style="padding-bottom:0.2em;">Men's Test Cricket</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:England_vs_South_Africa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/England_vs_South_Africa.jpg/220px-England_vs_South_Africa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/England_vs_South_Africa.jpg/330px-England_vs_South_Africa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/England_vs_South_Africa.jpg/440px-England_vs_South_Africa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A Test match between South Africa and England in January 2005. The two men wearing black trousers are the umpires. Test cricket is played in traditional white clothes and usually with a red ball – a pink ball in full 1 day/night Tests</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Highest <a href="/wiki/Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">governing body</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">International Cricket Council</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">First played</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">15 March 1877</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;">Characteristics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Team members</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="#Teams_with_Test_status">Full members</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_sports" title="Mixed-sex sports">Mixed-sex</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Cricket format</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Equipment</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Ball,</li> <li>Bat,</li> <li>Stumps,</li> <li>Cricket helmet,</li> <li>Thigh guard,</li> <li>Batting pads,</li> <li>Abdominal guard,</li> <li>Gloves,</li> <li>etc.</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Venue</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Cricket stadium</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;">Presence</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-right:1.0em;">Country or region</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Worldwide</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Cricket" title="Category:Cricket">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:175%;padding:0 0.2em 0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">Cricket</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image skin-invert" style="padding:0 0 1.0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cricket_-_The_Noun_Project.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cricket pictogram"><img alt="Cricket pictogram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Cricket_-_The_Noun_Project.svg/45px-Cricket_-_The_Noun_Project.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Cricket_-_The_Noun_Project.svg/68px-Cricket_-_The_Noun_Project.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Cricket_-_The_Noun_Project.svg/90px-Cricket_-_The_Noun_Project.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Cricket pictogram</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="font-size:125%;"> <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_cricket" title="Women's cricket">Women's cricket</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;background:none;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Forms_of_cricket" title="Forms of cricket">Forms of cricket</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Test cricket</b> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Men's format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Test_cricket" title="Women's Test cricket">Women's format</a><br /></li></ul> <p><b>First-class cricket</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">Men's format</a></li> <li>Women's format<br /></li></ul> <p><b>One Day International</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Day_International" title="One Day International">Men's format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_One_Day_International" title="Women's One Day International">Women's format</a><br /></li></ul> <p><b>Limited overs (domestic)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limited_overs_cricket" title="Limited overs cricket">Limited overs cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_A_cricket" title="List A cricket">List A cricket</a><br /></li></ul> <p><b>Twenty20 International</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20_International" title="Twenty20 International">Men's format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Twenty20_International" title="Women's Twenty20 International">Women's format</a><br /></li></ul> <p><b>Twenty20 (domestic)</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20" title="Twenty20">Men's format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Twenty20" title="Women's Twenty20">Women's format</a><br /></li></ul> <p><b>Other forms</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/100-ball_cricket" title="100-ball cricket">100-ball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backyard_cricket" title="Backyard cricket">Backyard cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bete-ombro" title="Bete-ombro">Bete-ombro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_cricket" title="Blind cricket">Blind cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_cricket" title="Club cricket">Club cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocker_(sport)" title="Crocker (sport)">Crocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaf_cricket" title="Deaf cricket">Deaf cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_cricket" title="French cricket">French cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_cricket" title="Indoor cricket">Indoor cricket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_cricket_(UK_variant)" title="Indoor cricket (UK variant)">UK variant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilikiti" title="Kilikiti">Kilikiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaquita" title="Plaquita">Plaquita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_wicket_cricket" title="Single wicket cricket">Single wicket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softball_cricket" title="Softball cricket">Softball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T10_cricket" title="T10 cricket">T10 cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_ball_cricket" class="mw-redirect" title="Tape ball cricket">Tape ball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennis_ball_cricket" title="Tennis ball cricket">Tennis ball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigoro" title="Vigoro">Vigoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_cricket" title="Village cricket">Village cricket</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;background:none;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">International competitions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICC_World_Test_Championship" title="ICC World Test Championship">ICC World Test Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="ICC Men's Test Team Rankings">ICC Men's Test Team Rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_World_Cup" title="Cricket World Cup">Cricket World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Cricket_World_Cup" title="Women's Cricket World Cup">Women's Cricket World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_T20_World_Cup" title="Men's T20 World Cup">Men's T20 World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_T20_World_Cup" title="Women's T20 World Cup">Women's T20 World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Champions_Trophy" title="ICC Champions Trophy">ICC Champions Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Cricket_World_Cup_League_2" title="ICC Cricket World Cup League 2">ICC Cricket World Cup League 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Cricket_World_Cup_Challenge_League" title="ICC Cricket World Cup Challenge League">ICC Cricket World Cup Challenge League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_T20_Slam" title="Euro T20 Slam">Euro T20 Slam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Cup" title="Asia Cup">Asia Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Cricket_League_Africa_Region" title="World Cricket League Africa Region">World Cricket League Africa Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Cricket at the Summer Olympics">Cricket at the Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Asian_Games" title="Cricket at the Asian Games">Cricket at the Asian Games</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;background:none;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_cricket" title="History of cricket">History of cricket</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cricket_to_1725" title="History of cricket to 1725">History of cricket to 1725</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_English_cricket_(1726%E2%80%931750)" title="History of English cricket (1726–1750)">History of English cricket (1726–1750)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_English_cricket_(1751%E2%80%931775)" title="History of English cricket (1751–1775)">History of English cricket (1751–1775)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_English_cricket_(1776%E2%80%931800)" title="History of English cricket (1776–1800)">History of English cricket (1776–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_English_cricket_(1801%E2%80%931825)" title="History of English cricket (1801–1825)">History of English cricket (1801–1825)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_women%27s_cricket" title="History of women's cricket">History of women's cricket</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_cricket_records" title="Lists of cricket records">Records</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cricket_sidebar" title="Template:Cricket sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cricket_sidebar" title="Template talk:Cricket sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cricket_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cricket sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Test Cricket</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Forms_of_cricket" title="Forms of cricket">format</a> of the sport of <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a>, considered the game’s most prestigious and traditional form. Often referred to as the "ultimate test" of a cricketer's skill, endurance, and temperament, it is a format of international cricket where two teams in white clothing, each representing a country, compete over a match that can last up to five days. It consists of four <a href="/wiki/Innings" title="Innings">innings</a> (two per team), maximum of ninety <a href="/wiki/Over_(cricket)" title="Over (cricket)">overs</a> are scheduled to be bowled per day making it the sport with the longest playing time. A team wins the match by outscoring the opposition in the <a href="/wiki/Batting_(cricket)" title="Batting (cricket)">batting</a> or bowl out in <a href="/wiki/Bowling_(cricket)" title="Bowling (cricket)">bowling</a>, otherwise the match ends in a <a href="/wiki/Result_(cricket)" title="Result (cricket)">draw</a>. </p><p>It is contested by 12 teams which are the <a href="/wiki/List_of_International_Cricket_Council_members" title="List of International Cricket Council members">full-members</a> of the <a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">International Cricket Council</a> (ICC). The term "test match" was originally coined in 1861–62 but in a different context.<sup id="cite_ref-Cricket1970_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cricket1970-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Test cricket did not become an officially recognised format until the 1890s, but many international matches since 1877 have been retrospectively awarded Test status. The first such match took place at the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a> (MCG) in March 1877 between teams which were then known as a Combined Australian XI and <a href="/wiki/James_Lillywhite" title="James Lillywhite">James Lillywhite</a>'s XI, the latter a team of visiting English professionals. Matches between <a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a> were first called "test matches" in 1892. The first definitive list of retrospective Tests was written by South Australian journalist <a href="/wiki/Clarence_P._Moody" title="Clarence P. Moody">Clarence P. Moody</a> two years later and, by the end of the century, had gained acceptance. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Day/night_cricket" title="Day/night cricket">Day/night Tests</a> were permitted by the ICC in 2012 and the first day/night match was between <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_2015%E2%80%9316" title="New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 2015–16">Australia and New Zealand</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Oval" title="Adelaide Oval">Adelaide Oval</a> in November 2015. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/ICC_World_Test_Championship" title="ICC World Test Championship">ICC World Test Championship</a> is the <a href="/wiki/World_cup_competition" class="mw-redirect" title="World cup competition">international championship</a> of Test cricket. It is a league competition run by the ICC, with its inaugural season starting in <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%9321_ICC_Test_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="2019–21 ICC Test Championship">2019</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In line with the ICC's goal of having one pinnacle tournament for each of the three formats of international cricket, it is the premier championship for Test cricket.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_history">Early history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_cricket" title="History of cricket">History of cricket</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Test_cricket_from_1877_to_1883" title="History of Test cricket from 1877 to 1883">History of Test cricket from 1877 to 1883</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Test_cricket_from_1884_to_1889" title="History of Test cricket from 1884 to 1889">History of Test cricket from 1884 to 1889</a>, and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Test_cricket_from_1890_to_1900" title="History of Test cricket from 1890 to 1900">History of Test cricket from 1890 to 1900</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Growth_of_international_cricket">Growth of international cricket</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Growth of international cricket"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Teams designated as "England" or "All England" began to play in the 18th century, but these teams were not truly representative. Early <a href="/wiki/International_cricket" title="International cricket">international cricket</a> was disrupted by the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> and the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>. The earliest international cricket match was between <a href="/wiki/Canadian_cricket_team_in_the_United_States_in_1844" title="Canadian cricket team in the United States in 1844">the United States and Canada</a>, on 24 and 26 September 1844 (bad weather prevented play on the 25th).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overseas tours by national English teams began in 1859 with visits to North America, Australia and New Zealand. The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_cricket_team_in_England_in_1868" title="Australian Aboriginal cricket team in England in 1868">1868 Australian Aboriginals</a> were the first organised overseas team to tour England. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ashes_Urn_1921.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ashes_Urn_1921.jpg/220px-Ashes_Urn_1921.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ashes_Urn_1921.jpg/330px-Ashes_Urn_1921.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ashes_Urn_1921.jpg/440px-Ashes_Urn_1921.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1651" /></a><figcaption>The earliest published photo of <a href="/wiki/The_Ashes_urn" title="The Ashes urn">the Ashes urn</a>, from <i><a href="/wiki/The_Illustrated_London_News" title="The Illustrated London News">The Illustrated London News</a></i>, 1921</figcaption></figure> <p>Two rival English tours of Australia were proposed in the early months of 1877, with <a href="/wiki/James_Lillywhite" title="James Lillywhite">James Lillywhite</a> campaigning for a professional tour and <a href="/wiki/Fred_Grace" title="Fred Grace">Fred Grace</a> for an amateur one. Grace's tour fell through and it was Lillywhite's team that toured New Zealand and Australia in 1876–77. Two matches against a combined Australian XI were later classified as the first official Test matches. The first match was won by Australia, by 45 runs and the second by England. After reciprocal tours established a pattern of international cricket, <a href="/wiki/The_Ashes" title="The Ashes">The Ashes</a> was established as a competition during the Australian tour of England in 1882. A surprise victory for Australia inspired a mock obituary of English cricket to be published in the <i>Sporting Times</i> the following day: the phrase "The body shall be cremated and the ashes taken to Australia" prompted the subsequent creation of the Ashes urn. </p><p>The series of 1884–85 was the first to be held over five matches: England player <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Shaw" title="Alfred Shaw">Alfred Shaw</a>, writing in 1901, considered the side to be "the best ever to have left England". South Africa became the third team to play Test cricket in 1888–89, when they hosted a tour by an under-strength England side. Australia, England and South Africa were the only countries playing Test cricket before <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terminology">Terminology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term "test match" was coined during the <a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_1861%E2%80%9362" title="English cricket team in Australia in 1861–62">English tour of Australia in 1861–62</a> but in a different context. It meant that the English team was testing itself against each of the Australian colonies.<sup id="cite_ref-Cricket1970_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cricket1970-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following Lillywhite's tour, Australian teams reciprocated, beginning with <a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_England_and_North_America_in_1878" title="Australian cricket team in England and North America in 1878">Dave Gregory's team in 1878</a>. By the beginning of 1892, eight English teams had visited Australia and seven Australian teams had visited England. In its issue of 25 February 1892, <i><a href="/wiki/Cricket:_A_Weekly_Record_of_the_Game" title="Cricket: A Weekly Record of the Game">Cricket: A Weekly Record of the Game</a></i> revived the term "test match" and freely applied it to the <a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_1891%E2%80%9392" title="English cricket team in Australia in 1891–92">three international matches</a> which had just been played in Australia by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Holroyd,_3rd_Earl_of_Sheffield" title="Henry Holroyd, 3rd Earl of Sheffield">Lord Sheffield's XI</a>, starting with the match at the MCG which was billed as Lord Sheffield's Team v Combined Australia. The report began: "There was no little appropriateness in fixing the first of the three great test matches for January 1".<sup id="cite_ref-C29127_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C29127-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clarence_P._Moody">Clarence P. Moody</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Clarence P. Moody"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first list of matches considered to be "Tests" was conceived and published by South Australian journalist <a href="/wiki/Clarence_P._Moody" title="Clarence P. Moody">Clarence P. Moody</a> in his 1894 book, <i>Australian Cricket and Cricketers, 1856 to 1893–94</i>. Moody's proposal was well received by <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Alcock" title="Charles W. Alcock">Charles W. Alcock</a>, editor of <i>Cricket</i> in England and his list of 39 matches was reproduced in the 28 December 1894 issue as part of an article entitled "The First Test Match". The list begins with the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">MCG</a> match played 15–17 March 1877 and ends with the recent match at the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Cricket_Ground" title="Sydney Cricket Ground">Association Ground, Sydney</a> played 14–20 December 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-C379463_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-C379463-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All 39 were retrospectively recognised as Test matches, as was the unlisted 1890 <a href="/wiki/Old_Trafford_Cricket_Ground" title="Old Trafford Cricket Ground">Old Trafford</a> match that was abandoned without a ball being bowled. No South African matches were included in Moody's list but three against England were also given retrospective Test status.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moody became a newspaper editor and founded the Adelaide <i><a href="/wiki/Sunday_Mail_(Adelaide)" title="Sunday Mail (Adelaide)">Sunday Mail</a></i> in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Test_status">Test status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Test status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Test matches are the highest level of cricket, played between national representative teams with "Test status", as determined by the <a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">International Cricket Council</a>. As of June 2017<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, twelve national teams have Test status, the most recently promoted being Afghanistan and Ireland on 22 June 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-AI_test_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AI_test-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teams_with_Test_status">Teams with Test status</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Teams with Test status"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Test status is conferred upon a country or group of countries by the ICC. There are currently twelve men's teams that have been granted this status: international teams that do not have Test status can play <a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">first-class cricket</a> in the <a href="/wiki/ICC_Intercontinental_Cup" title="ICC Intercontinental Cup">ICC Intercontinental Cup</a>, under conditions which are similar to Tests. </p><p>The teams with Test status (with the date of each team's Test debut) are: </p> <ol><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a> (<a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Australia_and_New_Zealand_in_1876%E2%80%9377#First_Test" title="English cricket team in Australia and New Zealand in 1876–77">15 March 1877</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a> (<a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Australia_and_New_Zealand_in_1876%E2%80%9377#First_Test" title="English cricket team in Australia and New Zealand in 1876–77">15 March 1877</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_cricket_team" title="South Africa national cricket team">South Africa</a> (<a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_South_Africa_in_1888%E2%80%9389#First_Test" title="English cricket team in South Africa in 1888–89">12 March 1889</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a> (<a href="/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_England_in_1928#First_Test,_Lord's,_23-26_June_1928" title="West Indian cricket team in England in 1928">23 June 1928</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team" title="New Zealand national cricket team">New Zealand</a> (<a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_1929%E2%80%9330#First_Test" title="English cricket team in New Zealand in 1929–30">10 January 1930</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team_in_England_in_1932#Test_summary" title="Indian cricket team in England in 1932">25 June 1932</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_national_cricket_team" title="Pakistan national cricket team">Pakistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cricket_team_in_India_in_1952%E2%80%9353#1st_Test" title="Pakistani cricket team in India in 1952–53">16 October 1952</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_national_cricket_team" title="Sri Lanka national cricket team">Sri Lanka</a> (<a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Sri_Lanka_in_1981%E2%80%9382#Only_Test" title="English cricket team in Sri Lanka in 1981–82">17 February 1982</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_national_cricket_team" title="Zimbabwe national cricket team">Zimbabwe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team_in_Zimbabwe_in_1992%E2%80%9393#Only_Test" title="Indian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 1992–93">18 October 1992</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_national_cricket_team" title="Bangladesh national cricket team">Bangladesh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team_in_Bangladesh_in_2000%E2%80%9301#Only_Test" title="Indian cricket team in Bangladesh in 2000–01">10 November 2000</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg/23px-Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg/35px-Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg/45px-Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ireland_cricket_team" title="Ireland cricket team">Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cricket_team_in_Ireland_in_2018#Only_Test" title="Pakistani cricket team in Ireland in 2018">11 May 2018</a>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan_national_cricket_team" title="Afghanistan national cricket team">Afghanistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Afghan_cricket_team_in_India_in_2018#Only_Test" title="Afghan cricket team in India in 2018">14 June 2018</a>)</li></ol> <p>Nine of these teams represent independent sovereign nations: the England cricket team represents the <a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">constituent countries</a> of <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>, the West Indies is a combined team from fifteen Caribbean nations and territories, and Ireland represents both the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>. </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/D%27Oliveira_affair" title="D'Oliveira affair">D'Oliveira affair</a> in 1969, <a href="/wiki/History_of_cricket_in_South_Africa_from_1970%E2%80%9371_to_1990" title="History of cricket in South Africa from 1970–71 to 1990">South Africa</a> was suspended from all forms of cricket from 1970 until the end of the <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid regime</a> in <a href="/wiki/Negotiations_to_end_apartheid_in_South_Africa" title="Negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa">1991</a>. </p><p>Zimbabwe's Test status was voluntarily suspended in 2006 because of very poor performances, but its Test status was reinstated in August 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ICC has made several proposals to reform the system of granting Test status, including having two tiers with <a href="/wiki/Promotion_and_relegation" title="Promotion and relegation">promotion and relegation</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a <a href="/wiki/Playoffs" title="Playoffs">play-off</a> between the winners of the <a href="/wiki/ICC_Intercontinental_Cup" title="ICC Intercontinental Cup">ICC Intercontinental Cup</a> and the team with the lowest <a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="ICC Men's Test Team Rankings">Test ranking</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These proposals have not been successful as of 2024. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statistics">Statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Test_cricket_records" title="List of Test cricket records">List of Test cricket records</a></div> <p>For <a href="/wiki/Cricket_statistics" title="Cricket statistics">statistical purposes</a>, Tests are considered to be a subset of <a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">first-class cricket</a>. Performances in first-class matches count towards only the first-class statistical record, but performances in Test matches count towards both the Test statistics and the first-class statistics. </p><p>Statisticians have developed criteria to determine which matches count as Tests if they were played before the formal definition of Test status. There have been exceptional circumstances including the simultaneous England touring sides of 1891–92 (<a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_1891%E2%80%9392" title="English cricket team in Australia in 1891–92">in Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_South_Africa_in_1891%E2%80%9392" title="English cricket team in South Africa in 1891–92">South Africa</a>) and 1929–30 (<a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_the_West_Indies_in_1929%E2%80%9330" title="English cricket team in the West Indies in 1929–30">in the West Indies</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_1929%E2%80%9330" title="English cricket team in New Zealand in 1929–30">New Zealand</a>), all of whose international matches are deemed to have Test status. </p><p>In 1970, a series of five "Test matches" was played in England between England and a Rest of the World XI: these matches, originally scheduled between England and South Africa, were amended after South Africa was suspended from international cricket due to their government's <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> policies. Although initially given Test status and included as Test matches in some record books, including <i><a href="/wiki/Wisden_Cricketers%27_Almanack" title="Wisden Cricketers' Almanack">Wisden Cricketers' Almanack</a></i>, this was later withdrawn, and a principle was established that official Test matches can only be between nations (the geographically and demographically small countries of the West Indies have, since 1928, fielded a coalition side). </p><p>Despite this principle, in 2005, the ICC ruled that the six-day <a href="/wiki/2005_ICC_Super_Series" title="2005 ICC Super Series">Super Series</a> match that took place that October between Australia and a World XI was an official Test match: some cricket writers and statisticians, including <a href="/wiki/Bill_Frindall" title="Bill Frindall">Bill Frindall</a>, have ignored the ICC's ruling and exclude this match from their records. </p><p>The series of "Test matches" played in Australia between Australia and a World XI in 1971–72, and the commercial "<a href="/wiki/World_Series_Cricket" title="World Series Cricket">Supertests</a>" organised by <a href="/wiki/Kerry_Packer" title="Kerry Packer">Kerry Packer</a> as part of his <a href="/wiki/World_Series_Cricket" title="World Series Cricket">World Series Cricket</a> enterprise played between "WSC Australia", "WSC World XI" and "WSC West Indies" from 1977 to 1979, have never been regarded as official Test matches as of 2021. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conduct_of_the_game">Conduct of the game</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Conduct of the game"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Playing_time">Playing time</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Playing time"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Playing_time_(cricket)" title="Playing time (cricket)">Playing time (cricket)</a></div> <p>A standard day of Test cricket consists of three sessions of two hours each, the break between sessions being 40 minutes for lunch and 20 minutes for tea. However, the times of sessions and intervals may be altered in certain circumstances: if bad weather or a change of innings occurs close to a scheduled break, the break may be taken immediately; if there has been a loss of playing time, for example because of bad weather, the session times may be adjusted to make up the lost time; if the batting side is nine <a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(cricket)" title="Dismissal (cricket)">wickets</a> down at the scheduled tea break, then the interval may be delayed until either 30 minutes has elapsed or the team is <i>all out</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the final session may be extended by up to 30 minutes if 90 or more <a href="/wiki/Over_(cricket)" title="Over (cricket)">overs</a> have not been <a href="/wiki/Bowling_(cricket)" title="Bowling (cricket)">bowled</a> in that day's play (subject to any reduction for adverse weather);<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the final session may be extended by 30 minutes (except on the 5th day) if the umpires believe the result can be decided within that time.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, Test matches are scheduled to be played across five consecutive days. However, in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Test_cricket_from_1877_to_1883" title="History of Test cricket from 1877 to 1883">early days</a> of Test cricket, matches were played for three or four days. <a href="/wiki/Irish_cricket_team_in_England_in_2023#Only_Test" title="Irish cricket team in England in 2023">England hosted Ireland at Lord's</a> on 1st June 2023 for a four-day test.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Four-day Test matches were last played in 1973, between <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_1972%E2%80%9373" title="Pakistani cricket team in New Zealand in 1972–73">New Zealand and Pakistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NZPak_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NZPak-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until the 1980s, it was usual to include a 'rest day,' often a Sunday. There have also been '<a href="/wiki/Timeless_Test" title="Timeless Test">Timeless Tests</a>', which have no predetermined maximum time. In 2005, Australia played a match scheduled for six days against a World XI, which the ICC sanctioned as an official Test match, though the match reached a conclusion on the fourth day. In October 2017, the ICC approved a request for a four-day Test match, between <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_cricket_team_in_South_Africa_in_2017%E2%80%9318#Only_Test" title="Zimbabwean cricket team in South Africa in 2017–18">South Africa and Zimbabwe</a>, which started on 26 December 2017 and ended on the second day, 27 December.<sup id="cite_ref-approve_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-approve-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ICC trialed the four-day Test format until the <a href="/wiki/2019_Cricket_World_Cup" title="2019 Cricket World Cup">2019 Cricket World Cup</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-trial_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trial-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2019, <a href="/wiki/Cricket_Australia" title="Cricket Australia">Cricket Australia</a> were considering playing four-day Tests, subject to consensus with other Test nations.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later the same month, the ICC considered the possibility of making four-day Test matches mandatory for the <a href="/wiki/ICC_World_Test_Championship" title="ICC World Test Championship">ICC World Test Championship</a> from 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have been attempts by the ICC, the sport's governing body, to introduce <a href="/wiki/Day/night_Test" class="mw-redirect" title="Day/night Test">day-night Test matches</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, the International Cricket Council passed playing conditions that allowed for the staging of day-night Test matches.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first day-night Test took place during <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_2015%E2%80%9316" title="New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 2015–16">New Zealand's tour to Australia</a> in November 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Adelaide_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adelaide-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Play">Play</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Play"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Cricket#Laws_and_gameplay" title="Cricket">Cricket § Laws and gameplay</a></div> <p>Test cricket is played in <i>innings</i> (the word denotes both the singular and the plural). In each innings, one team <a href="/wiki/Batting_(cricket)" title="Batting (cricket)">bats</a> and the other <a href="/wiki/Bowling_(cricket)" title="Bowling (cricket)">bowls</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Fielding_(cricket)" title="Fielding (cricket)">fields</a>). Ordinarily four innings are played in a Test match, and each team bats twice and bowls twice. Before the start of play on the first day, the two team captains and the match referee <a href="/wiki/Toss_(cricket)" title="Toss (cricket)">toss a coin</a>; the captain who wins the toss decides whether his team will bat or bowl first. </p><p>In the following scenarios, the team that bats first is referred to as <i>Team A</i> and their opponents as <i>Team B</i>. </p><p>Usually the teams will alternate at the completion of each innings. Thus, Team A will bat (and Team B will bowl) until its innings ends, and then Team B will bat and Team A will bowl. When Team B's innings ends, Team A begin their second innings, and this is followed by Team B's second innings. The winning team is the one that scores more runs in their two innings. </p><p>A team's innings ends in one of the following ways:<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>The team is "all out". This typically occurs when a team has lost ten wickets (ten of the eleven batters having been <a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(cricket)" title="Dismissal (cricket)">dismissed</a>) and are "bowled out". It may occasionally occur with the loss of fewer wickets if one or more batters are unavailable to bat (through injury, for example).</li> <li>The team's captain <a href="/wiki/Declaration_and_forfeiture" title="Declaration and forfeiture">declares</a> the innings closed, usually because they believe they have enough runs. A declaration before the innings starts is called an innings forfeiture.</li> <li>The team batting fourth score the required number of runs to win.</li> <li>The prescribed time for the match expires.</li></ul> <p>If, at the completion of Team B's first innings, Team A leads by at least 200 runs, the captain of Team A may (but is not required to) order Team B to have <i>their</i> second innings next. This is called enforcing the <a href="/wiki/Follow-on" title="Follow-on">follow-on</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this case, the usual order of the third and fourth innings is reversed: Team A will bat in the fourth innings. It is rare for a team forced to follow-on to win the match. In Test cricket it has only happened four times, although over 285 follow-ons have been enforced. Australia was the losing team on three occasions, having lost twice to England, in 1894 and in 1981, and once to India in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most recently, on February 24, 2023, England lost to New Zealand by one run after enforcing the follow-on.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If the whole of the first day's play of a Test match has been lost because of bad weather or other reasons like bad light, then Team A may enforce the follow-on if Team B's first innings total is 150 or more fewer than Team A's. During the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cricket_team_in_England_in_2013#2nd_Test" title="New Zealand cricket team in England in 2013">2nd Test</a> between England and New Zealand at <a href="/wiki/Headingley_Cricket_Ground" title="Headingley Cricket Ground">Headingley</a> in 2013, England batted first after the first day was lost because of rain.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New Zealand, batting second, scored 180 runs fewer than England, meaning England could have enforced the follow-on, though chose not to. This is similar to four-day first-class cricket, where the follow-on can be enforced if the difference is 150 runs or more. If the Test is two days or fewer then the "follow-on" value is 100 runs. </p><p>After 80 overs, the captain of the bowling side may take a <a href="/wiki/Cricket_ball" title="Cricket ball">new ball</a>, although this is not required.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The captain will usually take the new ball: being harder and smoother than an old ball, a new ball generally favours faster bowlers who can make it bounce more variably. The roughened, softer surface of an old ball can be more conducive to spin bowlers, or those using <a href="/wiki/Swing_bowling#Reverse_swing" title="Swing bowling">reverse swing</a>. The captain may delay the decision to take the new ball if he wishes to continue with his spinners (because the pitch favours spin). After a new ball has been taken, should an innings last a further 80 overs, then the captain will have the option to take another new ball. </p><p>A Test match will produce a <a href="/wiki/Result_(cricket)" title="Result (cricket)">result</a> by means of one of six scenarios: </p> <ul><li><b>All four innings are complete.</b> The team batting fourth are <i>all out</i> before overtaking the other team, usually before matching the other team's score. The team that batted third are the winners by a margin equal to the difference in the aggregate runs scored by the two teams (for example, "Team A won by 95 runs"). Very rarely (in over 2,000 Test matches played, <a href="/wiki/Tied_Test" title="Tied Test">it has only happened twice</a>) the scores can end level, resulting in a <a href="/wiki/Result_(cricket)#Tie" title="Result (cricket)">tie</a>.</li> <li><b>The team batting in the fourth innings overtakes the opposing team's run total.</b> The match ends, and the team batting fourth is the winner by a margin equal to the number of wickets still to fall in the innings (for example, "Team B won by five wickets").</li> <li><b>The third innings concludes with the team that batted twice still trailing the team that batted once.</b> The match ends without playing a fourth innings. The team that batted only once is the winner by a margin equal to "an innings" plus the difference in aggregate run totals of the teams (for example, "Team A won by an innings and 26 runs").</li> <li><b>Time for the match expires without a result being reached.</b> This usually occurs at the end of the last day of the match. The result is a <a href="/wiki/Result_(cricket)#Draw" title="Result (cricket)">draw</a>: there is no winner, no matter how superior the position of one of the sides. Rain causing a loss of playing time is a common factor in drawn matches, although matches may be drawn even without interference from the weather: usually as a result of poor time management or an intentional effort on the part of one team to avoid losing.</li> <li><b>The match is abandoned because the ground is declared unfit for play.</b> This has occurred three times, resulting each time in a draw being declared: England v Australia at <a href="/wiki/Headingley_Cricket_Ground" title="Headingley Cricket Ground">Headingley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leeds" title="Leeds">Leeds</a>, 1975 (vandalism);<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> West Indies v England at <a href="/wiki/Sabina_Park" title="Sabina Park">Sabina Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Jamaica" title="Kingston, Jamaica">Kingston, Jamaica</a>, 1998 (dangerous ground);<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> West Indies v England at <a href="/wiki/Sir_Vivian_Richards_Stadium" title="Sir Vivian Richards Stadium">Sir Vivian Richards Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antigua" title="Antigua">Antigua</a>, 2009 (dangerous ground).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>The match is awarded through a forfeiture.</b> If a team refuses to take the field of play, the umpires may award the match to the opposing team.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has only happened once in Test cricket, in the <a href="/wiki/2006_ball-tampering_controversy" title="2006 ball-tampering controversy">2006 fourth Test between England and Pakistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clothing_and_equipment">Clothing and equipment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Clothing and equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cricket_clothing_and_equipment" title="Cricket clothing and equipment">Cricket clothing and equipment</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pollock_to_Hussey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Pollock_to_Hussey.jpg/220px-Pollock_to_Hussey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Pollock_to_Hussey.jpg/330px-Pollock_to_Hussey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Pollock_to_Hussey.jpg/440px-Pollock_to_Hussey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="555" /></a><figcaption>Test cricketers playing in their whites.</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally cricketers play in all-white kit. Unlike in <a href="/wiki/Limited_overs_cricket" title="Limited overs cricket">limited overs cricket</a>, this remains the case in Test cricket, as mandated by the ICC Clothing and Equipment Regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competitions">Competitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Competitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tours">Tours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Tours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main page: <a href="/wiki/Category:International_cricket_tours" title="Category:International cricket tours">Category:International cricket tours</a></div> <p>Test cricket is almost always played as a series of matches between two countries, with all matches in the series taking place in the same country (the host). Often there is a perpetual trophy that is awarded to the winner, the most famous of which is <a href="/wiki/The_Ashes" title="The Ashes">the Ashes</a> contested between England and Australia. There have been two exceptions to the bilateral nature of Test cricket: the <a href="/wiki/1912_Triangular_Tournament" title="1912 Triangular Tournament">1912 Triangular Tournament</a>, a three-way competition between England, Australia and South Africa (hosted by England), and the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Test_Championship" title="Asian Test Championship">Asian Test Championship</a>, an event held in 1998–99 and 2001–02. </p><p>The number of matches in Test series has varied from one to seven.<sup id="cite_ref-Seven_tests_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Seven_tests-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Up until the early 1990s,<sup id="cite_ref-Neutral_umpires_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neutral_umpires-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Test series between international teams were organised between the two national cricket organisations with <a href="/wiki/Umpire_(cricket)" title="Umpire (cricket)">umpires</a> provided by the home team. With the entry of more countries into Test cricket, and a wish by the ICC to maintain public interest in Tests in the face of the popularity of <a href="/wiki/One_Day_International" title="One Day International">One Day International cricket</a>, a rotation system was introduced that sees all ten Test teams playing each other over a six-year cycle, and an official <a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="ICC Men's Test Team Rankings">ranking system</a> (with a trophy held by the highest-ranked team). In this system, umpires are provided by the ICC. An <a href="/wiki/Elite_Panel_of_ICC_Umpires" title="Elite Panel of ICC Umpires">elite panel of eleven umpires</a> was maintained since 2002, and the panel is supplemented by an additional <a href="/wiki/International_Panel_of_ICC_Umpires" title="International Panel of ICC Umpires">International Panel</a> that includes three umpires named by each Test-playing country. The elite umpires officiate almost all Test matches, though usually not Tests involving their home country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Perpetual_trophies">Perpetual trophies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Perpetual trophies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several pairs of Test teams have established perpetual trophies which are competed for whenever teams play each other in Test series. The current ones are: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left; width:95%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name of trophy</th> <th>Team 1</th> <th>Team 2</th> <th>First contested</th> <th>Latest contested </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Ashes" title="The Ashes">The Ashes</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_1882%E2%80%9383" title="English cricket team in Australia in 1882–83">1882–83</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/2023_Ashes_series" title="2023 Ashes series">2023</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anthony_de_Mello_Trophy" title="Anthony de Mello Trophy">Anthony de Mello Trophy</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_roundingA"><a href="#endnote_roundingA">[A]</a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_India,_Pakistan_and_Ceylon_in_1951%E2%80%9352" title="English cricket team in India, Pakistan and Ceylon in 1951–52">1951–52</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_India_in_2023%E2%80%9324" title="English cricket team in India in 2023–24">2023–24</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pataudi_Trophy" title="Pataudi Trophy">Pataudi Trophy</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_roundingA"><a href="#endnote_roundingA">[A]</a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team_in_England_in_2007" title="Indian cricket team in England in 2007">2007</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team_in_England_in_2021" title="Indian cricket team in England in 2021">2021-22</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Frank_Worrell_Trophy" title="Frank Worrell Trophy">Frank Worrell Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_1960%E2%80%9361" title="West Indian cricket team in Australia in 1960–61">1960–61</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_2023%E2%80%9324" title="West Indian cricket team in Australia in 2023–24">2023-24</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Richards%E2%80%93Botham_Trophy" title="Richards–Botham Trophy">Richards–Botham Trophy</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_roundingB"><a href="#endnote_roundingB">[B]</a></sup></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_the_West_Indies_in_2021%E2%80%9322#Test_series" title="English cricket team in the West Indies in 2021–22">2021–22</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_the_West_Indies_in_2021%E2%80%9322#Test_series" title="English cricket team in the West Indies in 2021–22">2021–22</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trans-Tasman_Trophy" title="Trans-Tasman Trophy">Trans-Tasman Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team" title="New Zealand national cricket team">New Zealand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_1985%E2%80%9386" title="New Zealand cricket team in Australia in 1985–86">1985–86</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_2023%E2%80%9324" title="Australian cricket team in New Zealand in 2023–24">2023–24</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Border%E2%80%93Gavaskar_Trophy" title="Border–Gavaskar Trophy">Border–Gavaskar Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_India_in_1996%E2%80%9397" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian cricket team in India in 1996–97">1996–97</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_India_in_2022%E2%80%9323" title="Australian cricket team in India in 2022–23">2022–23</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cross_Trophy" title="Southern Cross Trophy">Southern Cross Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_national_cricket_team" title="Zimbabwe national cricket team">Zimbabwe</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_Zimbabwe_in_1999%E2%80%932000" title="Australian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 1999–2000">1999–2000</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwean_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_2003%E2%80%9304" title="Zimbabwean cricket team in Australia in 2003–04">2003–04</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sir_Vivian_Richards_Trophy" title="Sir Vivian Richards Trophy">Sir Vivian Richards Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_cricket_team" title="South Africa national cricket team">South Africa</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_cricket_team_in_the_West_Indies_in_2000%E2%80%9301" title="South African cricket team in the West Indies in 2000–01">2000–01</a><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_cricket_team_in_the_West_Indies_in_2021" title="South African cricket team in the West Indies in 2021">2021</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Clive_Lloyd_Trophy" title="Clive Lloyd Trophy">Clive Lloyd Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_national_cricket_team" title="Zimbabwe national cricket team">Zimbabwe</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_Zimbabwe_in_2001" title="West Indian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2001">2001</a><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_Zimbabwe_in_2017%E2%80%9318" title="West Indian cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2017–18">2017–18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Basil_D%27Oliveira_Trophy" title="Basil D'Oliveira Trophy">Basil D'Oliveira Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_cricket_team" title="South Africa national cricket team">South Africa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_South_Africa_in_2004%E2%80%9305" title="English cricket team in South Africa in 2004–05">2004–05</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_cricket_team_in_England_in_2022" title="South African cricket team in England in 2022">2022</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Warne%E2%80%93Muralitharan_Trophy" title="Warne–Muralitharan Trophy">Warne–Muralitharan Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_national_cricket_team" title="Sri Lanka national cricket team">Sri Lanka</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_2007%E2%80%9308" title="Sri Lankan cricket team in Australia in 2007–08">2007–08</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_Sri_Lanka_in_2022" title="Australian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2022">2022</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Trophy_(cricket)" title="Freedom Trophy (cricket)">The Freedom Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_cricket_team" title="South Africa national cricket team">South Africa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_cricket_team_in_India_in_2015%E2%80%9316" title="South African cricket team in India in 2015–16">2015–16</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_cricket_team_in_South_Africa_in_2023%E2%80%9324" title="Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2023–24">2023–24</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sobers%E2%80%93Tissera_Trophy" title="Sobers–Tissera Trophy">Sobers–Tissera Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_national_cricket_team" title="Sri Lanka national cricket team">Sri Lanka</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_Sri_Lanka_in_2015%E2%80%9316" title="West Indian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2015–16">2015–16</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Indian_cricket_team_in_Sri_Lanka_in_2021%E2%80%9322" title="West Indian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2021–22">2021–22</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Benaud%E2%80%93Qadir_Trophy" title="Benaud–Qadir Trophy">Benaud–Qadir Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_national_cricket_team" title="Pakistan national cricket team">Pakistan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_Pakistan_in_2021%E2%80%9322" title="Australian cricket team in Pakistan in 2021–22">2021–22</a><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_cricket_team_in_Australia_in_2023%E2%80%9324" title="Pakistani cricket team in Australia in 2023–24">2023–24</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tangiwai_Shield" title="Tangiwai Shield">Tangiwai Shield</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team" title="New Zealand national cricket team">New Zealand</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_cricket_team" title="South Africa national cricket team">South Africa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_2023%E2%80%9324" title="South African cricket team in New Zealand in 2023–24">2023-24</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_African_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_2023%E2%80%9324" title="South African cricket team in New Zealand in 2023–24">2023-24</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Crowe%E2%80%93Thorpe_Trophy" title="Crowe–Thorpe Trophy">Crowe–Thorpe Trophy</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team" title="New Zealand national cricket team">New Zealand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_2024%E2%80%9325" title="English cricket team in New Zealand in 2024–25">2024-25</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team_in_New_Zealand_in_2024%E2%80%9325" title="English cricket team in New Zealand in 2024–25">2024-25</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin:1em auto" align="left"> <tbody><tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_roundingA"><a href="#ref_roundingA"><b><sup>A</sup></b></a></span> The Anthony de Mello Trophy is awarded for the India–England test series played in India, whilst the Pataudi Trophy is for the series played in England. </td></tr> <tr> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_roundingB"><a href="#ref_roundingB"><b><sup>B</sup></b></a></span> The Richards-Botham Trophy, first played for in 2021–22, replaced the <a href="/wiki/Wisden_Trophy" title="Wisden Trophy">Wisden Trophy</a>, which was discontinued after 2020. </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Number_of_Perpetual_Trophies_contested_by_team">Number of Perpetual Trophies contested by team</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Number of Perpetual Trophies contested by team"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Team </th> <th>No. of Trophy </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a> </th> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a> </th> <td rowspan="2">5 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a> </th> <td rowspan="2">4 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_cricket_team" title="South Africa national cricket team">South Africa</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_national_cricket_team" title="Sri Lanka national cricket team">Sri Lanka</a> </th> <td rowspan="3">2 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_national_cricket_team" title="Zimbabwe national cricket team">Zimbabwe</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team" title="New Zealand national cricket team">New Zealand</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_national_cricket_team" title="Pakistan national cricket team">Pakistan</a> </th> <td>1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Test_rankings">International Test rankings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: International Test rankings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="ICC Men's Test Team Rankings">ICC Men's Test Team Rankings</a></div> <p>The twelve Test-playing nations are currently ranked as follows: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1233514072">.mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers{counter-reset:rowNumber}.mw-parser-output .static-row-numbers 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tr:hover{background-color:var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff);color:var(--color-base,#333)}.mw-parser-output .mw-datatable{background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:var(--color-base,#333)}</style> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-text hover-highlight defaultcenter"> <caption><a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="ICC Men's Test Team Rankings">ICC Men's Test Team Rankings</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="Template:ICC Men's Test Team Rankings"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="Template talk:ICC Men's Test Team Rankings"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ICC_Men%27s_Test_Team_Rankings" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ICC Men's Test Team Rankings"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Team</th> <th>Matches</th> <th>Points</th> <th>Rating </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a></td> <td>30</td> <td>3,715</td> <td>124 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a></td> <td>33</td> <td>3,654</td> <td>111 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_cricket_team" title="South Africa national cricket team">South Africa</a></td> <td>24</td> <td>2,524</td> <td>105 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/England_cricket_team" title="England cricket team">England</a></td> <td>42</td> <td>4,315</td> <td>103 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team" title="New Zealand national cricket team">New Zealand</a></td> <td>29</td> <td>2,904</td> <td>100 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_national_cricket_team" title="Sri Lanka national cricket team">Sri Lanka</a></td> <td>25</td> <td>2,271</td> <td>91 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_national_cricket_team" title="Pakistan national cricket team">Pakistan</a></td> <td>24</td> <td>2,060</td> <td>86 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/23px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/35px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg/46px-WestIndiesCricketFlagPre1999.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="309" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Indies_cricket_team" title="West Indies cricket team">West Indies</a></td> <td>26</td> <td>1,992</td> <td>77 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_national_cricket_team" title="Bangladesh national cricket team">Bangladesh</a></td> <td>26</td> <td>1,653</td> <td>64 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg/23px-Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg/35px-Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg/45px-Cricket_Ireland_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ireland_cricket_team" title="Ireland cricket team">Ireland</a></td> <td>5</td> <td>131</td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_national_cricket_team" title="Zimbabwe national cricket team">Zimbabwe</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>11</td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan_national_cricket_team" title="Afghanistan national cricket team">Afghanistan</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>0</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Reference: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icc-cricket.com/rankings/mens/team-rankings/test">ICC Test Rankings</a>, 3 November 2024</i></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5" style="width: 200pt"><span style="font-size:85%;">"Matches" is no. matches + no. series played in the 12–24 months since the May before last, plus half the number in the 24 months before that.</span> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_Test_Championship">World Test Championship</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: World Test Championship"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/ICC_World_Test_Championship" title="ICC World Test Championship">ICC World Test Championship</a></div> <p>After years of delays since proposals began in 2009, a league competition for Test cricket was held in <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932021_ICC_World_Test_Championship" title="2019–2021 ICC World Test Championship">2019–2021</a>. Arranged as a bilateral series in various countries with one team as host and another team as visitor. The length of each series varies between 2 and 5 matches. Ireland, Zimbabwe and Afghanistan are not taking part in this competition, but instead play a program of Test matches with each other and other teams during the same period. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Final_results">Final results</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Final results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" width="70pt">Year </th> <th colspan="5">Final statistics </th> <th colspan="5">Individual tournament statistics </th></tr> <tr> <th width="20%">Venue </th> <th width="70pt">Winner </th> <th width="70pt">Result </th> <th width="80pt">Runner-up </th> <th width="100pt">Player of the match </th> <th width="100pt">Most runs </th> <th>Highest score </th> <th>Most centuries </th> <th width="100pt">Most wickets </th> <th>Most <a href="/wiki/Five-wicket_haul" title="Five-wicket haul">five-wicket hauls</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2021_ICC_World_Test_Championship_final" title="2021 ICC World Test Championship final">2021</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England"><img alt="England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rose_Bowl_(cricket_ground)" title="Rose Bowl (cricket ground)">Rose Bowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_national_cricket_team" title="New Zealand national cricket team">New Zealand</a> </td> <td>New Zealand won by 8 wickets<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Jamieson" title="Kyle Jamieson">Kyle Jamieson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marnus_Labuschagne" title="Marnus Labuschagne">Marnus Labuschagne</a>, 1675<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Warner_(cricketer)" title="David Warner (cricketer)">David Warner</a>, 335*<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Marnus_Labuschagne" title="Marnus Labuschagne">Marnus Labuschagne</a>, 5<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ravichandran_Ashwin" title="Ravichandran Ashwin">Ravichandran Ashwin</a>, 71<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kyle_Jamieson" title="Kyle Jamieson">Kyle Jamieson</a>, 5<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2023_ICC_World_Test_Championship_final" title="2023 ICC World Test Championship final">2023</a> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England"><img alt="England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/The_Oval" title="The Oval">The Oval</a>, London </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Australia_national_cricket_team" title="Australia national cricket team">Australia</a> </td> <td>Australia won by 209 runs </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India_national_cricket_team" title="India national cricket team">India</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Travis_Head" title="Travis Head">Travis Head</a><sup id="cite_ref-2023WTC_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023WTC-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Root" title="Joe Root">Joe Root</a>, 1915<sup id="cite_ref-2023WTC_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023WTC-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(cricketer)" title="Tom Latham (cricketer)">Tom Latham</a>, 252<sup id="cite_ref-2023WTC_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023WTC-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Root" title="Joe Root">Joe Root</a>, 8<sup id="cite_ref-2023WTC_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023WTC-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Lyon" title="Nathan Lyon">Nathan Lyon</a>, 88<sup id="cite_ref-2023WTC_58-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023WTC-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Lyon" title="Nathan Lyon">Nathan Lyon</a>, 5<sup id="cite_ref-2023WTC_58-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023WTC-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popularity">Popularity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Popularity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Supporters of Test cricket, including <a href="/wiki/Adam_Gilchrist" title="Adam Gilchrist">Adam Gilchrist</a>, argue that it is "the ultimate test of a player's and team's ability".<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it has been suggested that Test cricket may be losing popularity, particularly in the face of competition from <a href="/wiki/Short_form_cricket" title="Short form cricket">short form cricket</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Day/night_cricket" title="Day/night cricket">Day/night Test matches</a> have been suggested as one way to address this problem.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The suggested fall in popularity has been disputed, with a <a href="/wiki/Marylebone_Cricket_Club" title="Marylebone Cricket Club">Marylebone Cricket Club</a> poll showing that 86% of all cricket fans support Test cricket, more than any other format.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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International">One Day International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20_International" title="Twenty20 International">Twenty20 International</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Cricket1970-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cricket1970_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cricket1970_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBowen1970" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rowland_Bowen" title="Rowland Bowen">Bowen, Rowland</a> (1970). <i>Cricket: A History of its Growth and Development</i>. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode. p. 99. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-04-13278-60-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-04-13278-60-9"><bdi>978-04-13278-60-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cricket%3A+A+History+of+its+Growth+and+Development&rft.place=London&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=Eyre+%26+Spottiswoode&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=978-04-13278-60-9&rft.aulast=Bowen&rft.aufirst=Rowland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/742337">"Schedule for inaugural World Test Championship announced"</a>. International Cricket Council.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schedule+for+inaugural+World+Test+Championship+announced&rft.pub=International+Cricket+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icc-cricket.com%2Fnews%2F742337&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamsey,_Andrew2018" class="citation web cs1">Ramsey, Andrew (20 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cricket.com.au/news/icc-future-tour-program-schedule-fixture-international-cricket-ftp-australia-afghanistan-india/2018-06-20">"Aussies to host Afghans as part of new schedule"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cricket.com.au" class="mw-redirect" title="Cricket.com.au">cricket.com.au</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cricket.com.au&rft.atitle=Aussies+to+host+Afghans+as+part+of+new+schedule&rft.date=2018-06-20&rft.au=Ramsey%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cricket.com.au%2Fnews%2Ficc-future-tour-program-schedule-fixture-international-cricket-ftp-australia-afghanistan-india%2F2018-06-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci-icc/content/story/646147.html">"Test Championship to replace Champions Trophy"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. 29 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Test+Championship+to+replace+Champions+Trophy&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2013-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fci-icc%2Fcontent%2Fstory%2F646147.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/usa/engine/match/318995.html">United States of America v Canada 1844</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629061551/http://www.espncricinfo.com/usa/engine/match/318995.html">Archived</a> 29 June 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. ESPNcricinfo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C29127-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-C29127_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.acscricket.com/cricket/1892/33/">"Tenth Match – Lord Sheffield's Team v Combined Australia"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220908221801/https://archive.acscricket.com/cricket/1892/33/">Archived</a> 8 September 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Cricket</i>, issue 291, 25 February 1892, p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-C379463-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-C379463_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.acscricket.com/cricket/1894/487/">"The First Test Match"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220908225143/https://archive.acscricket.com/cricket/1894/487/">Archived</a> 8 September 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Cricket</i>, issue 379, 28 December 1894, pp. 463–464.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Records/England/Test/Team/List_of_Matches.html">"List of Test Matches"</a></span>. <i>CricketArchive</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220909044131/https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Records/England/Test/Team/List_of_Matches.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CricketArchive&rft.atitle=List+of+Test+Matches&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcricketarchive.com%2FArchive%2FRecords%2FEngland%2FTest%2FTeam%2FList_of_Matches.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/game-on-a-rich-sporting-history/news-story/07eca80e5030e130571aad9044d9362d">"Game on: a rich sporting history"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220908230423/https://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/game-on-a-rich-sporting-history/news-story/07eca80e5030e130571aad9044d9362d">Archived</a> 8 September 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Hilferty, Tim: <i>The Advertiser</i>. 5 May 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AI_test-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AI_test_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/40364481">"Ireland & Afghanistan awarded Test status by International Cricket Council"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 22 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170622143835/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cricket/40364481">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Ireland+%26+Afghanistan+awarded+Test+status+by+International+Cricket+Council&rft.date=2017-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fsport%2Fcricket%2F40364481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voanews.com/zimbabwe/news/Zimbabwe-Cricket-Resume-Test-Play-After-Six-Year-Break-126790218.html">Zimbabwe Cricket Side Resume International Test Play After Six-Year Break</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120131101339/http://www.voanews.com/zimbabwe/news/Zimbabwe-Cricket-Resume-Test-Play-After-Six-Year-Break-126790218.html">Archived</a> 31 January 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – <a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/new-zealand-cricket-big-supporter-of-two-tier-test-system-says-ceo-david-white-1036139">"NZC 'big supporter' of two-tier Test system, says CEO"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. 18 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210729212237/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/new-zealand-cricket-big-supporter-of-two-tier-test-system-says-ceo-david-white-1036139">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NZC+%27big+supporter%27+of+two-tier+Test+system%2C+says+CEO&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2016-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fnew-zealand-cricket-big-supporter-of-two-tier-test-system-says-ceo-david-white-1036139&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDella_Penna2016" class="citation web cs1">Della Penna, Peter (4 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/afghanistan-ready-to-play-tests-acb-chief-executive-shafiq-stanikzai-1054077">"Afghanistan ready to play Tests – ACB chief executive"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210727070534/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/afghanistan-ready-to-play-tests-acb-chief-executive-shafiq-stanikzai-1054077">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Afghanistan+ready+to+play+Tests+%E2%80%93+ACB+chief+executive&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2016-09-04&rft.aulast=Della+Penna&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fafghanistan-ready-to-play-tests-acb-chief-executive-shafiq-stanikzai-1054077&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIsam2016" class="citation web cs1">Isam, Mohammad (27 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/bcb-vice-president-against-two-tier-test-system-1030121">"BCB vice-president against two-tier Test system"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210527105441/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/bcb-vice-president-against-two-tier-test-system-1030121">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BCB+vice-president+against+two-tier+Test+system&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2016-06-27&rft.aulast=Isam&rft.aufirst=Mohammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fbcb-vice-president-against-two-tier-test-system-1030121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDella_Penna2016" class="citation web cs1">Della Penna, Peter (31 August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/four-day-tests-two-tier-system-not-the-answer-bcci-president-anurag-thakur-1052477">"Four-day Tests, two-tier system not the answer – Thakur"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four-day+Tests%2C+two-tier+system+not+the+answer+%E2%80%93+Thakur&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2016-08-31&rft.aulast=Della+Penna&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Ffour-day-tests-two-tier-system-not-the-answer-bcci-president-anurag-thakur-1052477&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDobell2016" class="citation web cs1">Dobell, George (1 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-planning-two-test-divisions-amid-major-overhaul-1022445">"ICC planning two Test divisions amid major overhaul"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+planning+two+Test+divisions+amid+major+overhaul&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.aulast=Dobell&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Ficc-planning-two-test-divisions-amid-major-overhaul-1022445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGollapudi2016" class="citation web cs1">Gollapudi, Nagraj (7 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/two-tier-proposal-shelved-at-icc-meeting-1055073">"Two-tier proposal shelved at ICC meeting"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Two-tier+proposal+shelved+at+ICC+meeting&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2016-09-07&rft.aulast=Gollapudi&rft.aufirst=Nagraj&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Ftwo-tier-proposal-shelved-at-icc-meeting-1055073&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrettig" class="citation news cs1">Brettig, Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/baseball-style-conference-structure-proposed-for-tests-1062376">"Baseball-style conference structure proposed for Tests"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Baseball-style+conference+structure+proposed+for+Tests&rft.aulast=Brettig&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fbaseball-style-conference-structure-proposed-for-tests-1062376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://live-cricketstreaming.com/">"Ireland and Scotland to get Test chance as ICC approves play-off"</a>. <i>BBC Sport</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+Sport&rft.atitle=Ireland+and+Scotland+to+get+Test+chance+as+ICC+approves+play-off&rft.date=2014-04-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flive-cricketstreaming.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121124062128/http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-15-intervals,41,AR.html">"The Laws of Cricket – Law 15.8"</a>. Lords.org. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://l.yimg.com/t/icccricket/pdfs/test_playing_conditions.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 11 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+Standard+Test+match+Playing+Conditions+%28%22Playing+Conditions%22%29+cl+16.1.1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fl.yimg.com%2Ft%2Ficccricket%2Fpdfs%2Ftest_playing_conditions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111201928/http://l.yimg.com/t/icccricket/pdfs/test_playing_conditions.pdf">"Playing Conditions cl 16.2"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Playing+Conditions+cl+16.2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fl.yimg.com%2Ft%2Ficccricket%2Fpdfs%2Ftest_playing_conditions.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/ireland-in-england-2023-1336035/england-vs-ireland-only-test-1336127/live-cricket-score">"Ireland tour of England"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ireland+tour+of+England&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2023-06-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fseries%2Fireland-in-england-2023-1336035%2Fengland-vs-ireland-only-test-1336127%2Flive-cricket-score&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NZPak-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NZPak_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/cremer-senses-opportunity-in-shorter-contest-1130012">"Cremer senses opportunity in shorter contest"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220529081602/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/cremer-senses-opportunity-in-shorter-contest-1130012">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cremer+senses+opportunity+in+shorter+contest&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fcremer-senses-opportunity-in-shorter-contest-1130012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-approve-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-approve_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/test-odi-leagues-approved-by-icc-board-1123784">"Test, ODI leagues approved by ICC Board"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. 13 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516004434/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/test-odi-leagues-approved-by-icc-board-1123784">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Test%2C+ODI+leagues+approved+by+ICC+Board&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2017-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Ftest-odi-leagues-approved-by-icc-board-1123784&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-trial-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-trial_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/south-africa-to-play-zimbabwe-in-inaugural-four-day-test-1123807">"South Africa to play Zimbabwe in inaugural four-day Test"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. 13 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413074910/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/south-africa-to-play-zimbabwe-in-inaugural-four-day-test-1123807">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Africa+to+play+Zimbabwe+in+inaugural+four-day+Test&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2017-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fsouth-africa-to-play-zimbabwe-in-inaugural-four-day-test-1123807&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenational.ae/sport/cricket/australian-cricket-board-to-seriously-consider-four-day-test-matches-1.957158">"Australian cricket board to 'seriously consider' four-day Test matches"</a>. <i>The National</i>. 28 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228172132/https://www.thenational.ae/sport/cricket/australian-cricket-board-to-seriously-consider-four-day-test-matches-1.957158">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National&rft.atitle=Australian+cricket+board+to+%27seriously+consider%27+four-day+Test+matches&rft.date=2019-12-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenational.ae%2Fsport%2Fcricket%2Faustralian-cricket-board-to-seriously-consider-four-day-test-matches-1.957158&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-to-consider-mandatory-four-day-tests-1211511">"ICC to consider mandatory four-day Tests"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+to+consider+mandatory+four-day+Tests&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Ficc-to-consider-mandatory-four-day-tests-1211511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/lord-s-could-host-first-day-night-test-in-may-2010-397240">"Lord's could host first day night Test in May 2010"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210422020105/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/lord-s-could-host-first-day-night-test-in-may-2010-397240">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=ICC+paves+way+for+Day-Night+Tests&rft.date=2012-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisdenindia.com%2Fcricket-news%2Ficc-paves-day-night-tests%2F32709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adelaide-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Adelaide_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/first-day-night-test-for-adelaide-oval-892403">"First day-night Test for Adelaide Oval"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Law+14+%E2%80%93+The+follow-on&rft.pub=MCC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lords.org%2Fmcc%2Flaws-of-cricket%2Flaws%2Flaw-14-the-follow-on%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scorewaves.com/news-details/australia-loses-after-follow-on">"Australia has lost 3 Times by Enforcing Follow-On"</a>. <i>ScoreWaves</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Matches+where+Follow-On+Available+%7C+Lost+by+Side+Enforcing+Follow-On&rft.pub=Howstat.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhowstat.com%2Fcricket%2FStatistics%2FMatches%2FMatchFollowOn.asp%3FFollowOn%3DT%26Result%3DLost&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/566922.html">"2nd Test: England v New Zealand at Leeds, May 24–28, 2013 | Cricket Scorecard"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130624090021/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/566922.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Law+4+%E2%80%93+The+ball&rft.pub=MCC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lords.org%2Fmcc%2Flaws-of-cricket%2Flaws%2Flaw-4-the-ball%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/19/newsid_2534000/2534763.stm">"On This Day: 19 August"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080307132506/http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/19/newsid_2534000/2534763.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=On+This+Day%3A+19+August&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Fonthisday%2Fhi%2Fdates%2Fstories%2Faugust%2F19%2Fnewsid_2534000%2F2534763.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/63783.html">"1st Test: West Indies v England at Kingston, Jan 29 – Feb 2, 1998 | Cricket Scorecard"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130830204624/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/current/match/63783.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1st+Test%3A+West+Indies+v+England+at+Kingston%2C+Jan+29+%E2%80%93+Feb+2%2C+1998+%26%23124%3B+Cricket+Scorecard&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Fcurrent%2Fmatch%2F63783.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/wiveng2009/engine/current/match/352662.html">"2nd Test: West Indies v England at North Sound, Feb 13–17, 2009 | Cricket Scorecard"</a>. 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MCC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171001123036/https://www.lords.org/mcc/laws-of-cricket/laws/law-16-the-result/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Law+16+%E2%80%93+The+result&rft.pub=MCC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lords.org%2Fmcc%2Flaws-of-cricket%2Flaws%2Flaw-16-the-result%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2009/feb/01/england-pakistan-oval">"England awarded abandoned Oval Test 'win'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=England+awarded+abandoned+Oval+Test+%27win%27&rft.date=2009-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2F2009%2Ffeb%2F01%2Fengland-pakistan-oval&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/england/5268560.stm">"Test abandoned after ball dispute"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 20 August 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080321201943/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/england/5268560.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 21 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Neutral+umpires&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2011-04-16&rft.aulast=Rajesh&rft.aufirst=S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fcricket-s-turning-points-neutral-umpires-511175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/indiaengland-series-played-for-anthony-de-mello-trophy-bcci/article4071143.ece">"India-England series played for Anthony De Mello trophy: BCCI"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. 6 November 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131112125829/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/indiaengland-series-played-for-anthony-de-mello-trophy-bcci/article4071143.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=India-England+series+played+for+Anthony+De+Mello+trophy%3A+BCCI&rft.date=2012-11-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fsport%2Fcricket%2Findiaengland-series-played-for-anthony-de-mello-trophy-bcci%2Farticle4071143.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63851.html">"Southern Cross Trophy, 1999/00"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170716092422/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/63851.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Southern+Cross+Trophy%2C+1999%2F00&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Fmatch%2F63851.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?bowling_pacespin=1;class=1;filter=advanced;filter_box=series;home_or_away=1;orderby=wickets;type=team">"Statistics / Statsguru / Test matches / Team records"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161126231107/http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/stats/index.html?bowling_pacespin=1;class=1;filter=advanced;filter_box=series;home_or_away=1;orderby=wickets;type=team">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistics+%2F+Statsguru+%2F+Test+matches+%2F+Team+records&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstats.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Fstats%2Findex.html%3Fbowling_pacespin%3D1%3Bclass%3D1%3Bfilter%3Dadvanced%3Bfilter_box%3Dseries%3Bhome_or_away%3D1%3Borderby%3Dwickets%3Btype%3Dteam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/102043.html">"Test trophy to be named after Clive Lloyd"</a>. 28 July 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160808171524/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/story/102043.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Test+trophy+to+be+named+after+Clive+Lloyd&rft.date=2001-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fcontent%2Fstory%2F102043.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcb.com.pk/press-release-detail/pakistan-and-australia-to-play-for-benaud-qadir-trophy.html">"Pakistan and Australia to play for Benaud-Qadir Trophy"</a>. <i>Pakistan Cricket Board</i>. 10 January 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220302113814/https://www.pcb.com.pk/press-release-detail/pakistan-and-australia-to-play-for-benaud-qadir-trophy.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pakistan+Cricket+Board&rft.atitle=Pakistan+and+Australia+to+play+for+Benaud-Qadir+Trophy&rft.date=2014-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcb.com.pk%2Fpress-release-detail%2Fpakistan-and-australia-to-play-for-benaud-qadir-trophy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2019-2021-1195334/india-vs-new-zealand-final-1249875/full-scorecard">"Full Scorecard of India vs New Zealand Final 2019–2021 – Score Report"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221003165550/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2019-2021-1195334/india-vs-new-zealand-final-1249875/full-scorecard">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Full+Scorecard+of+India+vs+New+Zealand+Final+2019%E2%80%932021+%E2%80%93+Score+Report&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fseries%2Ficc-world-test-championship-2019-2021-1195334%2Findia-vs-new-zealand-final-1249875%2Ffull-scorecard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_career.html?id=13202&type=tournament">"ICC World Test Championship, 2019–2021 Cricket Team Records & Stats"</a>. ESPNcricinfo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+World+Test+Championship%2C+2019%E2%80%932021+Cricket+Team+Records+%26+Stats&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Frecords%2Fbatting%2Fmost_runs_career.html%3Fid%3D13202%26type%3Dtournament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_runs_innings.html?id=13202&type=tournament">"ICC World Test Championship, 2019–2021 Cricket Team Records & Stats"</a>. ESPNcricinfo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+World+Test+Championship%2C+2019%E2%80%932021+Cricket+Team+Records+%26+Stats&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Frecords%2Fbatting%2Fmost_runs_innings.html%3Fid%3D13202%26type%3Dtournament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/batting/most_hundreds_career.html?id=13202&type=tournament">"ICC World Test Championship, 2019–2021 Cricket Team Records & Stats"</a>. ESPNcricinfo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+World+Test+Championship%2C+2019%E2%80%932021+Cricket+Team+Records+%26+Stats&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Frecords%2Fbatting%2Fmost_hundreds_career.html%3Fid%3D13202%26type%3Dtournament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_wickets_career.html?id=13202&type=tournament">"ICC World Test Championship, 2019–2021 Cricket Team Records & Stats"</a>. ESPNcricinfo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+World+Test+Championship%2C+2019%E2%80%932021+Cricket+Team+Records+%26+Stats&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Frecords%2Fbowling%2Fmost_wickets_career.html%3Fid%3D13202%26type%3Dtournament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/records/bowling/most_5wi_career.html?id=13202&type=tournament">"ICC World Test Championship, 2019–2021 Cricket Team Records & Stats"</a>. ESPNcricinfo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICC+World+Test+Championship%2C+2019%E2%80%932021+Cricket+Team+Records+%26+Stats&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.espncricinfo.com%2Fci%2Fengine%2Frecords%2Fbowling%2Fmost_5wi_career.html%3Fid%3D13202%26type%3Dtournament&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023WTC-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2023WTC_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023WTC_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023WTC_58-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023WTC_58-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023WTC_58-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023WTC_58-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/tournament/icc-world-test-championship-2021-2023-14028">"Records in ICC World Test Championship, 2021–2023"</a>. ESPNcricinfo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Records+in+ICC+World+Test+Championship%2C+2021%E2%80%932023&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Frecords%2Ftournament%2Ficc-world-test-championship-2021-2023-14028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/adam-gilchrist-s-cowdrey-lecture-2009-410365">"Adam Gilchrist's Cowdrey Lecture, 2009"</a>. ESPNcricinfo. 24 June 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226182915/https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/adam-gilchrist-s-cowdrey-lecture-2009-410365">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adam+Gilchrist%27s+Cowdrey+Lecture%2C+2009&rft.pub=ESPNcricinfo&rft.date=2009-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fadam-gilchrist-s-cowdrey-lecture-2009-410365&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/sport/cricket/chris-waters-reports-death-test-cricket-have-been-greatly-exaggerated-126971">"Chris Waters – Reports of the death of Test cricket have been greatly exaggerated"</a>. <i>Yorkshire Post</i>. 9 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210816043258/https://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/sport/cricket/chris-waters-reports-death-test-cricket-have-been-greatly-exaggerated-126971">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2021</span>. <q>According to Shashank Manohar, chairman of the International Cricket Council, Test cricket itself "is dying, to be honest". Details of the funeral arrangements will be announced in due course. "Nowadays, people don't have five days (of) time to watch a Test match," said Manohar. "From ten to five, everybody has their own job to do, so it is very difficult for them to watch this game. T20s get over in three-and-a-half hours, like watching a movie. Therefore, it is picking up very fast."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yorkshire+Post&rft.atitle=Chris+Waters+%E2%80%93+Reports+of+the+death+of+Test+cricket+have+been+greatly+exaggerated&rft.date=2019-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yorkshirepost.co.uk%2Fsport%2Fcricket%2Fchris-waters-reports-death-test-cricket-have-been-greatly-exaggerated-126971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGanguly2020" class="citation web cs1">Ganguly, Sudipto (26 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201203090534/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-cricket-australia-mcgrath/australian-mcgrath-backs-day-night-tests-to-revive-popularity-idUKKCN20K24F">"Australian McGrath backs day-night tests to revive popularity"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-cricket-australia-mcgrath/australian-mcgrath-backs-day-night-tests-to-revive-popularity-idUKKCN20K24F">the original</a> on 3 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Australian+McGrath+backs+day-night+tests+to+revive+popularity&rft.date=2020-02-26&rft.aulast=Ganguly&rft.aufirst=Sudipto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fuk-cricket-australia-mcgrath%2Faustralian-mcgrath-backs-day-night-tests-to-revive-popularity-idUKKCN20K24F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lords.org/lords/news-stories/test-cricket-popularity-strong-as-ever-says-mcc-wo">"Test Cricket Popularity as Strong as Ever Says MCC World Cricket Committee Following MCC Survey"</a>. <i>lords.org</i>. 9 March 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210921105706/https://www.lords.org/lords/news-stories/test-cricket-popularity-strong-as-ever-says-mcc-wo">Archived</a> from the original on 21 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2021</span>. <q>Over 13,000 responders from more than 100 countries took part in the survey, with the majority of responders supporting England, India, Pakistan, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Sri Lanka. Overwhelmingly, Test cricket came out as the format that interests fans the most, regardless of country supported or age. An average of 86% of the responders placed Test cricket as their preferred format to watch, follow and support over One-Day Internationals, T20 Internationals and domestic T20 matches.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lords.org&rft.atitle=Test+Cricket+Popularity+as+Strong+as+Ever+Says+MCC+World+Cricket+Committee+Following+MCC+Survey&rft.date=2019-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lords.org%2Flords%2Fnews-stories%2Ftest-cricket-popularity-strong-as-ever-says-mcc-wo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATest+cricket" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Ground Rules – A Celebration of Test Cricket</i>, Barney Spender & David Gower, Dakini Books Ltd (Nov 2003), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9537032-6-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-9537032-6-6">0-9537032-6-6</a></li> <li><i>The Wisden Book of Test Cricket</i>, Sir Donald Bradman (Foreword), Bill Frindall (Editor), Headline Book Publishing (1995), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7472-1118-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7472-1118-3">0-7472-1118-3</a></li> <li>Marylebone Cricket Club (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130311210212/http://www.lords.org/laws-and-spirit/laws-of-cricket/laws/">The Laws of Cricket</a>. Retrieved 2009-03-30.</li> <li>International Cricket Council (2023), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://images.icc-cricket.com/image/upload/prd/bh9v5ugp7okr877nxzo6.pdf">Standard Test Match Playing Conditions</a>. Retrieved 2024-03-04.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_cricket&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ci/content/story/141605.html">Origin of the name "Test"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cricinfo.com/db/NATIONAL/ICC_MEMBERS/USA/USA_HISTORY.html">USA v Canada – The oldest international sporting fixture</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Forms_of_cricket" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Forms_of_cricket" title="Template:Forms of cricket"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Forms_of_cricket" title="Template talk:Forms of cricket"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Forms_of_cricket" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Forms of cricket"><abbr title="Edit 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cricket">Backyard or street cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bete-ombro" title="Bete-ombro">Bete-ombro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwik_cricket" title="Kwik cricket">Kwik cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_cricket" title="Blind cricket">Blind cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaf_cricket" title="Deaf cricket">Deaf cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-armed_versus_one-legged_cricket" title="One-armed versus one-legged cricket">One-armed versus one-legged</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilikiti" title="Kilikiti">Kilikiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trobriand_cricket" title="Trobriand cricket">Trobriand cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_form_cricket" title="Short form cricket">Short form cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_ball_cricket" class="mw-redirect" title="Tape ball cricket">Tape ball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennis_ball_cricket" title="Tennis ball cricket">Tennis ball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_cricket" class="mw-redirect" title="Beach cricket">Beach cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_cricket" title="Ice cricket">Ice cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windball_cricket" title="Windball cricket">Windball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_man_stands_cricket" title="Last man stands cricket">Last man stands cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softball_cricket" title="Softball cricket">Softball cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leg_cricket" title="Leg cricket">Leg cricket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_cricket" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_cricket" title="Template:International cricket"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_cricket" title="Template talk:International cricket"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_cricket" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International cricket"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_cricket" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_cricket" title="International cricket">International cricket</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">International Cricket Council (ICC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Awards" title="ICC Awards">ICC Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_International_Cricket_Council_members" title="List of International Cricket Council members">ICC members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Future_Tours_Programme" title="ICC Future Tours Programme">ICC Future Tours Programme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Test <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Test_cricket" title="Women's Test cricket">Women's</a></li></ul></li> <li>One Day International <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Day_International" title="One Day International">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_One_Day_International" title="Women's One Day International">Women's</a></li></ul></li> <li>Twenty20 International <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20_International" title="Twenty20 International">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Twenty20_International" title="Women's Twenty20 International">Women's</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Global events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Men's</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICC_World_Test_Championship" title="ICC World Test Championship">World Test Championship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_World_Cup" title="Cricket World Cup">World Cup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_Cricket_World_Cup_Qualifier" title="ICC Men's Cricket World Cup Qualifier">qualifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Cricket_World_Cup_League_2" title="ICC Cricket World Cup League 2">CWC League 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Cricket_World_Cup_Challenge_League" title="ICC Cricket World Cup Challenge League">CWC Challenge League</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ICC_Cricket_World_Cup_Super_League" title="ICC Cricket World Cup Super League">CWC Super League</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/World_Cricket_League" title="World Cricket League">World Cricket League</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_T20_World_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="ICC Men's T20 World Cup">T20 World Cup</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/ICC_Men%27s_T20_World_Cup_Qualifier" class="mw-redirect" title="ICC Men's T20 World Cup Qualifier">qualifier</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Champions_Trophy" title="ICC Champions Trophy">Champions Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under-19_Men%27s_Cricket_World_Cup" title="Under-19 Men's Cricket World Cup">Under-19 World Cup</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ICC_Intercontinental_Cup" title="ICC Intercontinental Cup">Intercontinental Cup</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Commonwealth_Games#Men's_tournament" title="Cricket at the Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Summer_Olympics#Men's_tournament" title="Cricket at the Summer Olympics">Olympics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Women's</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Cricket_World_Cup" title="Women's Cricket World Cup">World Cup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Cricket_World_Cup_Qualifier" title="Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier">qualifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Women%27s_Championship" title="ICC Women's Championship">ICC Women's Championship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_T20_World_Cup" title="Women's T20 World Cup">T20 World Cup</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_T20_World_Cup_Qualifier" title="Women's T20 World Cup Qualifier">qualifier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICC_Women%27s_Champions_Trophy" title="ICC Women's Champions Trophy">Champions Trophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Under-19_Women%27s_T20_World_Cup" title="Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup">Under-19 T20 World Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Commonwealth_Games#Women's_tournament" title="Cricket at the Commonwealth Games">Commonwealth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Summer_Olympics#Women's_tournament" title="Cricket at the Summer Olympics">Olympics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asian_Cricket_Council" title="Asian Cricket Council">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Asian_Test_Championship" title="Asian Test Championship">Asian Test Championship</a></i></li> <li>Asia Cup <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Cup" title="Asia Cup">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACC_Women%27s_Asia_Cup" title="ACC Women's Asia Cup">Women's</a></li></ul></li> <li>ACC Premier Cup <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACC_Premier_Cup" title="ACC Premier Cup">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACC_Women%27s_Premier_Cup" title="ACC Women's Premier Cup">Women's</a></li></ul></li> <li>Under-19 Asia Cup <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACC_Under-19_Asia_Cup" title="ACC Under-19 Asia Cup">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Under-19_T20_Asia_Cup" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's Under-19 T20 Asia Cup">Women's</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ACC_Trophy" title="ACC Trophy">ACC Trophy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ACC_Twenty20_Cup" title="ACC Twenty20 Cup">ACC Twenty20 Cup</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Asian_Games" title="Cricket at the Asian Games">Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_South_Asian_Games" title="Cricket at the South Asian Games">South Asian Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Africa_Cricket_Association" title="Africa Cricket Association">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwibuka_T20_Tournament" title="Kwibuka T20 Tournament">Kwibuka T20 Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_African_Games" title="Cricket at the African Games">African Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ICC_Americas" title="ICC Americas">Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_American_Cricket_Championship" title="South American Cricket Championship">South American Championship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ICC_East_Asia-Pacific" title="ICC East Asia-Pacific">East Asia-Pacific</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20_East_Asia_Cup" title="Twenty20 East Asia Cup">Twenty20 East Asia Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Asian_Games" title="Cricket at the Asian Games">Asian Games</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cricket_at_the_Pacific_Games" title="Cricket at the Pacific Games">Pacific Games</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ICC_Europe" title="ICC Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Cricket_League" title="European Cricket League">European Cricket League</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_European_Cricket_Championship" title="Women's European Cricket Championship">Women's European Championship</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Central_Europe_Cup" title="Central Europe Cup">Central Europe Cup</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/World_Series_Cricket" title="World Series Cricket">World Series Cricket</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Italics</i> indicate a defunct competition.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Team_sports" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Team_sports" title="Template:Team sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Team_sports" title="Template talk:Team sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Team_sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Team sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Team_sports" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Team_sport" title="Team sport">Team sports</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_governing_body" title="Sports governing body">Governing bodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_sport" title="National sport">National sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_sportspeople" title="Lists of sportspeople">Sportspeople</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Invasion_games" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion games">Invasion games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Basket sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_basketball" class="mw-redirect" title="Beach basketball">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaf_basketball" title="Deaf basketball">deaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3x3_basketball" title="3x3 basketball">3x3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_basketball" title="Water basketball">water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_basketball" title="Wheelchair basketball">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cestoball" title="Cestoball">Cestoball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dueball" title="Dueball">Dueball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korfball" title="Korfball">Korfball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netball" title="Netball">Netball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fast5_netball" title="Fast5 netball">Fast5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_netball" title="Indoor netball">indoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_netball" title="Wheelchair netball">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rezball" title="Rezball">Rezball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringball" title="Ringball">Ringball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SlamBall" title="SlamBall">SlamBall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Football" title="Football">Football</a><br />codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_rules_football" title="Australian rules football">Australian rules football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFLX" title="AFLX">AFLX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_football" title="Lightning football">Lightning football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_footy" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro footy">Metro footy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine-a-side_footy" title="Nine-a-side footy">Nine-a-side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rec_footy" title="Rec footy">Rec footy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_football" title="Gaelic football">Gaelic football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ladies%27_Gaelic_football" title="Ladies' Gaelic football">Ladies'</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_rules_football" title="Circle rules football">Circle rules football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Association football</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Association football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amputee_football" title="Amputee football">amputee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_soccer" title="Beach soccer">beach soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_football" title="Freestyle football">freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futsal" title="Futsal">futsal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_soccer" title="Indoor soccer">Indoor soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minifootball" title="Minifootball">minifootball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralympic_football" title="Paralympic football">paralympic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powerchair_football" title="Powerchair football">powerchair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_soccer" title="Roller soccer">roller soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socca" title="Socca">socca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_football_(association_football)" title="Street football (association football)">street</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gridiron_football" title="Gridiron football">Gridiron</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eight-man_football" title="Eight-man football">eight-man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_football" title="Flag football">flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine-man_football" title="Nine-man football">nine-man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-man_football" title="Six-man football">six-man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprint_football" title="Sprint football">sprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_football_(American)" title="Touch football (American)">touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_Football_(American)" title="Wheelchair Football (American)">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_football" title="Arena football">Arena football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_football" title="Canadian football">Canadian football</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_hybrid_sports" title="List of hybrid sports">Hybrid</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austus" title="Austus">Austus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_wall_game" title="Eton wall game">Eton wall game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rules_football" title="International rules football">International rules football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa_rules" title="Samoa rules">Samoa rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedball_(American_ball_game)" title="Speedball (American ball game)">Speedball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_football_(code)" title="Swedish football (code)">Swedish football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_football" title="Universal football">Universal football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volata" title="Volata">Volata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_football" title="Medieval football">Medieval/historical<br />football</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27_Game" title="Ba' Game">Ba' Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caid_(sport)" title="Caid (sport)">Caid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcio_storico_fiorentino" title="Calcio storico fiorentino">Calcio fiorentino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camping_(game)" title="Camping (game)">Camping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cnapan" title="Cnapan">Cnapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_hurling" title="Cornish hurling">Cornish hurling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuju" title="Cuju">Cuju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpastum" title="Harpastum">Harpastum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemari" title="Kemari">Kemari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_soule" title="La soule">La soule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lelo_burti" title="Lelo burti">Lelo burti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marn_Grook" title="Marn Grook">Marn grook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasuckuakohowog" title="Pasuckuakohowog">Pasuckuakohowog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Shrovetide_Football" title="Royal Shrovetide Football">Royal Shrovetide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppies_and_Downies" title="Uppies and Downies">Uppies and downies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">Rugby</a> codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">Rugby league</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masters_Rugby_League" title="Masters Rugby League">masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_league" title="Mod league">mod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league_nines" title="Rugby league nines">nines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_league_sevens" title="Rugby league sevens">sevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_rugby" title="Tag rugby">tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_rugby_league" title="Wheelchair rugby league">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">Rugby union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_flag_rugby" title="American flag rugby">American flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_rugby" title="Beach rugby">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_rugby" title="Mini rugby">mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_sevens" title="Rugby sevens">sevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_rugby" title="Snow rugby">snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_rugby" title="Tag rugby">tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambo_rugby" title="Tambo rugby">Tambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_rugby" title="Touch rugby">touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_tens" title="Rugby tens">tens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_X" title="Rugby X">X</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touch_(sport)" title="Touch (sport)">Touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_rugby" title="Wheelchair rugby">Wheelchair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other related codes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuju" title="Cuju">Cuju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%AB-o-rahi" title="Kī-o-rahi">Kī-o-rahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jegichagi" title="Jegichagi">Jegichagi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubi_lakpi" title="Yubi lakpi">Yubi lakpi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stick-and-ball<br />sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bando_(sport)" title="Bando (sport)">Bando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cammag" title="Cammag">Cammag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateball" title="Gateball">Gateball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">Hurling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camogie" title="Camogie">Camogie</a></li> <li>Super11s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_rules_shinty%E2%80%93hurling" title="Composite rules shinty–hurling">Shinty–Hurling</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_North_American_stickball" title="Indigenous North American stickball">Indigenous North American stickball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iomain" title="Iomain">Iomain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knattleikr" title="Knattleikr">Knattleikr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knotty" title="Knotty">Knotty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">Lacrosse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_lacrosse" title="Box lacrosse">box/indoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_lacrosse" title="Field lacrosse">field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercrosse" title="Intercrosse">intercrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_lacrosse" title="Women's lacrosse">women's</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritinis" title="Ritinis">Ritinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinty" title="Shinty">Shinty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composite_rules_shinty%E2%80%93hurling" title="Composite rules shinty–hurling">Shinty–Hurling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hockey" title="Hockey">Hockey</a> sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_hockey" title="Ball hockey">Ball hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandy" title="Bandy">Bandy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rink_bandy" title="Rink bandy">rink</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broomball" title="Broomball">Broomball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">Field hockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_hockey" title="Indoor hockey">indoor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_hockey" title="Floor hockey">Floor hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floorball" title="Floorball">Floorball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Ice hockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pond_hockey" title="Pond hockey">pond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_hockey" title="Power hockey">power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sledge_hockey" title="Sledge hockey">ice sledge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringette" title="Ringette">Ringette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinkball" title="Rinkball">Rinkball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_hockey" title="Roller hockey">Roller hockey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roller_in-line_hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Roller in-line hockey">in-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_hockey_(quad)" title="Roller hockey (quad)">quad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossall_Hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Rossall Hockey">Rossall hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinny" title="Shinny">Shinny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_hockey" title="Street hockey">Street hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_hockey" title="Underwater hockey">Underwater hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicycle_hockey" title="Unicycle hockey">Unicycle hockey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">Polo</a> sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_polo" title="Auto polo">Auto polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowboy_polo" title="Cowboy polo">Cowboy polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_polo" title="Cycle polo">Cycle polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_polo" title="Elephant polo">Elephant polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobby_horse_polo" title="Hobby horse polo">Hobby horse polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseball" title="Horseball">Horseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motoball" title="Motoball">Motoball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pato" title="Pato">Pato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo" title="Polo">Polo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arena_polo" title="Arena polo">Arena polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chovgan" title="Chovgan">Chovgan</a></li> <li>Snow polo</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polocrosse" title="Polocrosse">Polocrosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segway_polo" title="Segway polo">Segway polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak_polo" title="Yak polo">Yak polo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other ball sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angleball" title="Angleball">Angleball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_ball" title="Cycle ball">Cycle ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodgeball" title="Dodgeball">Dodgeball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flickerball" title="Flickerball">Flickerball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gain-ground" title="Gain-ground">Gain-ground</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balle_%C3%A0_la_main" title="Balle à la main">Balle à la main</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballon_au_poing" title="Ballon au poing">Ballon au poing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeu_de_paume" title="Jeu de paume">Jeu de paume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longue_paume" title="Longue paume">Longue paume</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goalball" title="Goalball">Goalball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handball" title="Handball">Handball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_handball" title="Beach handball">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_handball" title="Czech handball">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_handball" title="Field handball">field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_handball" title="Wheelchair handball">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaatsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaatsen">Kaatsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kin-Ball" title="Kin-Ball">Kin-Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagori" class="mw-redirect" title="Lagori">Lagori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_ballgame" title="Mesoamerican ballgame">Mesoamerican ballgame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelota_mixteca" title="Pelota mixteca">Pelota mixteca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisonball" title="Prisonball">Prisonball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushball" title="Pushball">Pushball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quidditch_(real-life_sport)" title="Quidditch (real-life sport)">Quidditch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_ball" title="Roll ball">Roll ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamburello" title="Tamburello">Tamburello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tchoukball" title="Tchoukball">Tchoukball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulama_(game)" title="Ulama (game)">Ulama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencian_pilota" title="Valencian pilota">Valencian pilota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Llargues" title="Llargues">Llargues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whirlyball" title="Whirlyball">Whirlyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukigassen" title="Yukigassen">Yukigassen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bat-and-ball_games" title="Bat-and-ball games">Bat-and-ball<br />games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Variations_of_baseball" title="Variations of baseball">Baseball variants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball5" title="Baseball5">Baseball5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A4nnboll" title="Brännboll">Brännboll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corkball" title="Corkball">Corkball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickball" title="Kickball">Kickball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matball" title="Matball">Matball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-the-line" title="Over-the-line">Over-the-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pes%C3%A4pallo" title="Pesäpallo">Pesäpallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rounders" title="Rounders">Rounders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schlagball" title="Schlagball">Schlagball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">Softball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fastpitch_softball" title="Fastpitch softball">Fastpitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16-inch_softball" title="16-inch softball">16-inch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stickball_(street_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stickball (street game)">Stickball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitilla" title="Vitilla">Vitilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_baseball" title="British baseball">British baseball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="English baseball">English baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh baseball">Welsh baseball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiffle_ball" title="Wiffle ball">Wiffle ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_ball" title="Town ball">Town ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireball" title="Wireball">Wireball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Forms_of_cricket" title="Forms of cricket">Cricket variants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">Cricket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Day_International" title="One Day International">One Day</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty20_International" title="Twenty20 International">Twenty20</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_cricket" title="Indoor cricket">Indoor cricket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigoro" title="Vigoro">Vigoro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danish_longball" title="Danish longball">Danish longball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapta_(game)" title="Lapta (game)">Lapta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oin%C4%83" title="Oină">Oină</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoolball" title="Stoolball">Stoolball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Net_and_wall_games" title="Net and wall games">Net and wall games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_badminton" title="Ball badminton">Ball badminton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biribol" title="Biribol">Biribol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bossaball" title="Bossaball">Bossaball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fistball" title="Fistball">Fistball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fives" title="Fives">Fives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eton_fives" title="Eton fives">Eton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_fives" title="Rugby fives">Rugby</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footbag_net" title="Footbag net">Footbag net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Football_tennis" title="Football tennis">Football tennis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Footvolley" title="Footvolley">Footvolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianzi" title="Jianzi">Jianzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jokgu" title="Jokgu">Jokgu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newcomb_ball" title="Newcomb ball">Newcomb ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peteca" title="Peteca">Peteca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepak_takraw" title="Sepak takraw">Sepak takraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teqball" title="Teqball">teqball‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throwball" title="Throwball">Throwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">Volleyball</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beach_volleyball" title="Beach volleyball">beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">indoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitting_volleyball" title="Sitting volleyball">sitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_volleyball" title="Standing volleyball">standing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volleyball_variations#Pioneerball" title="Volleyball variations">pioneerball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_volleyball" title="Snow volleyball">snow</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tag_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Tag sports">Tag sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kabaddi" title="Kabaddi">Kabaddi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kho_kho" title="Kho kho">Kho kho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Chase_Tag" title="World Chase Tag">World Chase Tag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Water_sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Water sports">Water sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">Synchronized swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_football" title="Underwater football">Underwater football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underwater_rugby" title="Underwater rugby">Underwater rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">Water polo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_polo" title="Canoe polo">canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_tube_water_polo" title="Inner tube water polo">inner tube</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacht_racing" title="Yacht racing">Yacht racing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other non-ball sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airsoft" title="Airsoft">Airsoft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo-taoshi" title="Bo-taoshi">Bo-taoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzkashi" title="Buzkashi">Buzkashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_(juggling)" title="Combat (juggling)">Combat (juggling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curling" title="Curling">Curling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheelchair_curling" title="Wheelchair curling">wheelchair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guts_(flying_disc_game)" title="Guts (flying disc game)">Guts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornussen" title="Hornussen">Hornussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jereed" title="Jereed">Jereed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makura-Nage" title="Makura-Nage">Makura-Nage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paintball" title="Paintball">Paintball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roller_derby" title="Roller derby">Roller derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_skating" title="Synchronized skating">Synchronized skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tug_of_war" title="Tug of war">Tug of war</a></li> <li><a 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