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Expansion Microscopy Studio
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <!-- Page title --> <title>Expansion Microscopy Studio</title> <!-- Meta --> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- Icons --> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="img/favicon.png"> <!-- Styles --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/theme.css"> </head> <body data-spy="scroll" data-target=".navbar"> <!-- PRELOADER --> <div id="preloader"> <div class="loader">Loading...</div> </div> <!-- PRELOADER --> <!-- HEADER --> <header id="home"> <div class="header-text"> <h1>Expansion <br> Microscopy <br> Studio </h1> <!-- Navigation --> <nav id="navigation" class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <!-- <button type="button" class="navbar-toggler" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navigation-list" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="navigation-list"> <i class="fa fa-2x fa-list"></i> </button> --> <div id="navigation-list" class="navbar-collapse expanded"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li class="nav-item underline"> <a style="text-decoration: none;" href="#news">News</a> </li> <li class="nav-item underline"> <a style="text-decoration: none;" href="#introduction">Introduction</a> </li> <li class="nav-item underline"> <a style="text-decoration: none;" href="#method">Method</a> </li> <li class="nav-item underline"> <a style="text-decoration: none;" href="#product">Product</a> </li> <li class="nav-item underline"> <a style="text-decoration: none;" href="#performance">Performance</a> </li> <li class="nav-item underline"> <a style="text-decoration: none;" href="#contact">Contact</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <!-- /Navigation --> </div> </header> <!-- END OF HEADER --> <!-- MAIN --> <main class="main-container"> <!-- SECTION: News --> <section id="news" class="section"> <div class="container"> <!-- Section header --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <header class="header header-left"> <h2 class="section-title">News</h2> <p class="section-subtitle text-muted">The latest news and releases</p> </header> </div> </div> <!-- Section header --> <!-- Section content --> <div class="row section-content"> <!-- Left column --> <div class="col-md-2"> <!--<p class="text-big text-muted text-90deg">News</p> --> <p class="text-big text-muted text-90deg">News</p> </div> <!-- /Left column --> <!-- Right column --> <div class="col-md-10"> <div class="row"> <span> <H3> ExM-Studio MVP2 has been released on January 27, 2020</H3> <ul class="text-muted" style="list-style-type: circle"> <li> Multiple GPUs are available in ExM-deconvolution </li> <li> Different bits/sample in TIFF are supported: uint8, uint16, float32, and float64 </li> <li> Any image dimension can be processed (the maximum size depends on GPU memory size and the number of GPUs) </li> <li> Update CUDA supported versions: 10.0 and 10.1 </li> <li> Tested OSes: CentOS 7.4 and Ubuntu 18.04 </li> </ul> </span> <span> <H3> The high-end GPU cluster server system was delivered to Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) on August 5, 2019</H3> <ul class="text-muted" style="list-style-type: circle"> <li> The press release is <a href="https://www.fixstars.com/en/news/2126/" target="_blank">here</a> </li> </ul> </span> <span> <H3> ExM-Studio MVP1 has been released on November 12, 2018</H3> <ul class="text-muted" style="list-style-type: circle"> <li> ExM deconvolution achieves over several hundreds times speed performance on GPU compared to on CPU (Refer to section <a href="#performance">PERFORMANCE</a>) </li> </ul> </span> </div> </div> <!-- /Right column --> </div> <!-- /Section content --> </div> </section> <!-- END OF SECTION: News --> <!-- SECTION: Introduction --> <section id="introduction" class="section"> <div class="container"> <!-- Section header --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <header class="header header-right"> <p class="section-subtitle text-muted">What is the Expansion Microcopy?</p> <h2 class="section-title">Introduction</h2> </header> </div> </div> <!-- Section header --> <!-- Section content --> <div class="row section-content"> <!-- Left column --> <div class="col-md-10"> <div class="row"> <H2> Overview of Expansion Microscopy</H2> <!-- Information block --> <div class="col-md-9"> <p class="text-muted"> Expansion microscopy (ExM) is a method for improving the resolution of light microscopy by physically expanding biological samples. It allows investigators to identify small structures in 3-D and with Nano-scale resolution by expanding them with a polymer system. In ExM, biomolecules and/or fluorescent labels in the specimen are linked to a dense, expandable polymer matrix synthesized evenly throughout the specimen, which undergoes 3-dimensional expansion by about 4.5 fold linearly when immersed in water [1]. A recent paper reports that multiple applications of ExM expands biological specimens up to 20 fold, and enables ~25 nm resolution imaging of cells and tissues on conventional microscopes [2]. </p> <p class="text-muted"> Traditional light microscopy has limits of resolution that prevent it from reliably distinguishing small structures that are important for biological function. For example, synaptic vesicles are 40-50 nano meters in diameter, which is below the commonly quoted resolution limit of 200 nano meters required for light microscopy. There are a few methods to archive the nano meter scale image, such as Super Resolution microscopy and Electron microscopy, but these methods require special hardware that is complex and/or expensive. In addition, they are physically limited in imaging speed, number of colors, and/or in the volume accessible, as compared to diffraction-limited microscopy. ExM enables the nano scale resolution imaging with standard diffraction-limited microscope hardware already common in biology labs. Moreover, since ExM expands samples in water, final expanded specimen is ~99% water, and thus are essentially completely transparent and optical aberration free [3]. </p> <p class="text-muted"> Another benefit of ExM is the decrowding of biomolecules or labels by expanding them away from each other. This allows for more room around the molecules for chemical reactions to take place. This extra room can be used to perform signal amplification, so that rather than attempting difficult single molecule imaging in 3-D volumes of intact tissue, one can attach many fluorophores to a single-molecule biomolecular target. Which will allow the identification and localization of single biomolecules feasible in large volumes (as demonstrated for this method applied to the detection of single RNAs in synapses in intact brain tissue in [4], and shown in Fig. 2f, g). </p> <p class="text-muted"> The purpose of this web site is to provide the information and tools for performing ExM procedures to every bioscientist familiar with immunohistochemistry. </p> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <img src="./img/ExM_image.jpg"> <p><small>Fig1: Mouse hippocampal brain<br> (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2A-4OtRaSpM" target="_blank">3D movie is here</a>)</small></p> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <H2>ExM presentation by Prof. Ed Boyden</H2> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-3by4"> <iframe class="embed-responsive-item" src="https://embed.ted.com/talks/ed_boyden_baby_diapers_inspired_this_new_way_to_study_the_brain" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-3by4"> <iframe width="1272" height="716" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ilNwzTIU770" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> </div> </div> <br><br> </div> <div class="row"> <H2>Reference</H2> <div class="col-md-12 column-pv"> <ol class="text-muted"> <li>Fei Chen, Paul W. Tillberg, and Edward S. Boyden (2015), <a href="http://syntheticneurobiology.org/PDFs/15.01.chen.FULL.pdf" target="_blank">"Expansion microscopy"</a>, Science. 347 (6221): 543–548.</li> <li>Jae-Byum Chang, et al. (2017) <a href="http://syntheticneurobiology.org/PDFs/17.04.chang.FULL.pdf" target="_blank">"Iterative expansion microscopy"</a>, Nature Methods 14:593-599.</li> <li>Ruixuan Gao, Shoh M. Asano and Edward S. Boyden (2017), <a href="https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-017-0393-3" target="_blank">"Q&A: Expansion microscopy"</a>, BMC Biology 15:50 </li> <li>Fei Chen, et al. (2016), <a href="http://syntheticneurobiology.org/PDFs/16.07.chen.FULL.pdf" target="_blank">"Nanoscale imaging of RNA with expansion microscopy"</a>, Nat Methods 2016;13:679–84.</li> </ol> </div> </div> <!-- /Information block --> </div> <!-- /Left column --> <!-- Right column --> <div class="col-md-2"> <p class="text-big text-muted text-90deg">Introduction</p> </div> <!-- /Right column --> </div> <!-- /Section content --> </div> </section> <!-- END OF SECTION: Introduction --> <!-- SECTION: Method --> <section id="method" class="section"> <div class="container"> <!-- Section header --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <header class="header header-left"> <h2 class="section-title">Method</h2> <p class="section-subtitle text-muted">How does the Expansion Microscopy work?</p> </header> </div> </div> <!-- /Section header --> <!-- Section content --> <div class="row section-content"> <!-- Left column --> <div class="col-md-2"> <p class="text-big text-muted text-90deg">Method</p> </div> <!-- /Left column --> <!-- Right column --> <div class="col-md-10"> <div class="row"> <h2>Protocol</h2> <div class="col-md-12"> <p class="text-muted">Biomolecules and/or fluorescent labels in the specimen are linked to a dense, expandable polymer matrix synthesized evenly throughout the specimen. These biomolecules then undergo 3-dimensional expansion by 4.5 fold linearly when immersed in water. If you apply this method multiple times, it expands biological specimens up to 20 fold and enables ~25 nm resolution imaging of cells and tissues on conventional microscopes.[5]</p> <p class="text-muted"> ExM requires chemicals and microscopes found in a typical biology lab or imaging facility, with the exception of anchoring reagents and sodium acrylate, which are available commercially at modest cost. Almost all the protocol steps can be carried out at room temperature on a wet lab bench. Basic equipment required includes a benchtop vortex mixer, a shaker, a 37°C incubator, a desiccator, a 4°C refrigerator, and a –20°C freezer. All the materials and supplies used in this unit are commercially available[6]. </p> <p class="text-muted"> There are several different protocols optimized for visualization of proteins, RNA, and other biomolecules. The latest protocols including material lists are available on <a href="http://expansionmicroscopy.org/" target="_blank">ExpansionMicroscopy.org.</a> </p> </div> <div class="col-md-12"> <a href="#portfolio-image-1" class="portfolio-item photography"> <img src="./img/wet_process_overview.png"> </a> <p><small> <center>Fig2: ExM wet process[5] </center> </small></p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <H2> Image Processing Software for ExM</H2> <div class="col-md-8"> <p class="text-muted"> ExM enables nano scale imaging of specimen with ordinary diffraction-limited microscopes. That means you can use standard image processing software for ExM. However, in ExM, a specimen is enlarged, and the images are captured many times to cover the entire specimen with the small FOV of a microscope. As the result, you need to handle a huge number of high resolution image files. The processing time depends on your analysis but it will generally take a long time. </p> <p class="text-muted"> One of the purposes of this web site is to provide high performance tools to process these large number of image data. The software package, "ExM Studio", has several essential tools for ExM. We found the bottleneck in the entire process is in Deconvolution and Stitching. Deconvolution is one of the methods to reduce noise and sharpen the target image. Stitching is a tool to stitch one sequence of 2D image in 3D space, and create whole 3D image data. Both tools are important for ExM, but each computational time is relatively long. </p> <p class="text-muted"> ExM Studio is a software package for ExM. It has the accelerated Deconvolution and Stitching software, and includes a few other support tools. Using ExM studio, you can start ExM right now. Stress-free. Each module is optimized and accelerated by <a href="https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-zone" target="_blank">NVIDIA GPUs</a>. More details are described in <a href="./#product">Product</a> and <a href="./#performance">Performance</a> sections. </p> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <img src="./img/sw_pipeline.png"> <p><small>Fig3: Software pipeline of ExM Studio</small></p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <H2>Reference</H2> <ol start="5" class="text-muted"> <li>Shahar Alon, Grace H. Huynh, Edward S. Boyden (2018) <a href="https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/febs.14597" target="_blank">"Expansion Microscopy: Enabling Single Cell Analysis In Intact Biological Systems"</a>, The FEBS Journal, in press </li> <li>Shoh M. Asano, et al. (2018) <a href="http://syntheticneurobiology.org/PDFs/18.08.asano.pdf" target="_blank">"Expansion Microscopy: Protocols for Imaging Proteins and RNA in Cells and Tissues"</a>, Current Protocols in Cell Biology</li> </ol> </div> </div> <!-- /Left column --> </div> <!-- /Section content --> </div> </section> <!-- END OF SECTION: Method --> <!-- SECTION: Product --> <section id="product" class="section"> <div class="container"> <!-- Section header --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <header class="header header-right"> <p class="section-subtitle text-muted">Expansion Microscopy Studio</p> <h2 class="section-title">Product</h2> </header> </div> </div> <!-- /Section header --> <!-- Section content --> <div class="row section-content"> <!-- Left column --> <div class="col-md-10"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9"> <h2>ExM Studio</h2> <p class="text-muted"> ExM Studio is a software package for Expansion Microscopy. </p> <p class="text-muted"> In the latest version (version 0.2 on 11/12/2019), ExM Studio has the following two features discussed below. It also has a technical guide for the ExM image processing pipeline. We will continue to add other and more useful image processing and visualization tools accelerated by GPUs. Please stay tuned to this web site! </p> <p class="text-muted"> <button class="btn btn-colored price-btn" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#download"> Download Entire Package </button> </p> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <img src="./img/exm_logo.png"> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <!-- Information block --> <div class="col-md-6 column-pv"> <h3>1. GPU Accelerated Deconvolution</h3> <p class="text-muted"> In optics and imaging, the term "deconvolution" is specifically used to refer to the process of reversing the optical distortion that takes place in an optical microscope, or other imaging instruments, thus creating clearer images. It is usually done in the digital domain by a software algorithm, as part of a suite of microscope image processing techniques. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deconvolution" target="_blank">(Wikipedia)</a>. </p> <p class="text-muted"> There are several open source projects for deconvolution such as <a href="http://bigwww.epfl.ch/deconvolution/deconvolutionlab2/" target="_blank">Deconvolution Lab2 </a>[7], but most of these projects do not support the GPU acceleration. The algorithm of deconvolution is an iterative process to remove the effect of point spread function (PSF) for each image pixel, and it has quite a good fit with the GPU architecture. We developed a deconvolution software, optimized it for NVIDIA GPU, and achieved <a href="#performance">dramatically faster processing speed</a> than other commercial/non-commercial deconvolution software. <!-- Our world's fastest deconvolution software is now available on Github. <br> <br><a href="./package/">Download Deconvolution software from here<i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a> --> </p> </div><!-- /Information block --> <!-- Information block --> <div class="col-md-6 column-pv"> <h3>2. GPU Accelerated Stitching</h3> <p class="text-muted"> Stitching is the process of combining multiple images with overlapping fields of view to produce a high-resolution image. This process is necessary for ExM because you have to take a large number of images, combine them, and create large, transparent volumes of whole tissues and organisms. However, it's not an easy process because the raw data acquired by the microscope is not directly suitable for stitching together. Thousands of high resolution, overlapping 3D image tiles are collected which all amount to many terabytes of data in size and require image alignment. </p> <p class="text-muted"> <a href="https://github.com/abria/TeraStitcher" target="_blank">"TeraStitcher"</a> [8] is one of the upcoming and promising open source software in this field and is designed for terabyte-scale 3D image data. The core part is also accelerated by NVIDIA GPUs. The workflow of ExM Studio uses TeraStitcher in the stitching process. We provide a detailed document about how to use Terasticher for ExM, but it's not our software. Please accept <a href="https://github.com/abria/TeraStitcher/blob/master/LICENSE.txt" target="_blank">their license</a> before using it. <!-- <br> <br><a href="https://github.com/abria/TeraStitcher/archive/master.zip">Download Terastitcher from here<i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a> --> </p> </div><!-- /Information block --> </div> <!-- Offer --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <h2>Hardware system optimized for ExM</h2> <p class="text-muted"> As we explained above, the post process in ExM requires large computational resources to generate high resolution 3D images. Tools in ExM studio are optimized for the latest <a href="https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080/" target="_blank">NVIDIA GeForce "RTX 2080"</a> series, and this can yield several orders of magnitude higher performance than a conventional CPU. We developed a workstation/server with the latest NVIDIA GPU optimized in order to make ExM processes faster & easier. This ExM Workstation/Server is fully turnkey, built to perform right out of the box so that you can avoid the drudgery of configuration and setup. The hardware component is fully customizable to meet your budgetary needs. Contact us to configure the best system for you. </p> <p class="text-muted"> The hardware comes with a 1 year limited warranty. We also offer an optional 3 years limited warranty. Owners of the ExM workstation/server will also gain our professional technical support for the ExM studio tools. </p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6 col-xs-12 column-pv"> <div class="price-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <img src="./img/ws.jpg"> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <h3>ExM Workstation</h3> <ul class="price-features text-muted"> <li>1x Intel Xeon W-2133, 6 Core</li> <li>2x NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2080 Ti</li> <li>8x 16GB Memory</li> <li>1x M.2 1TB SSD (For OS)</li> <li>2x SATA 4TB HDD (For Data)</li> <li>ExM Studio Pre-install</li> <li>ExM Studio Technical Support</li> </ul> <ul class="price-features text-muted"> <li>Starting from <b>$8,500</b></li> </ul> <button class="btn btn-colored price-btn" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#workstation">Order Now </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /Offer --> <!-- Offer --> <div class="col-sm-6 col-xs-12 column-pv"> <div class="price-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-5"> <img src="./img/1U.jpg"> </div> <div class="col-md-7"> <h3>ExM Server</h3> <ul class="price-features text-muted"> <li>2x Intel Xeon Gold 6130, 16 Core</li> <li>1x NVIDIA Tesla P100 12GB HBM2</li> <li>12x 16 GB Memory</li> <li>1x M.2 512GB SSD (For OS)</li> <li>2x SATA 4TB HDD (For Data)</li> <li>ExM Studio Pre-install</li> <li>ExM Studio Technical Support</li> </ul> <ul class="price-features text-muted"> <li>Starting from <b>$23,000</b></li> </ul> <button class="btn btn-colored price-btn" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#server">Order Now </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /Offer --> <div class="row"> <H2>Reference</H2> <ol start="7" class="text-muted"> <li>Daniel Sage, et al. (2017) <a href="http://bigwww.epfl.ch/publications/sage1701.pdf" target="_blank">"DeconvolutionLab2: An open-source software for deconvolution microscopy"</a>, Methods-Image Processing for Biologists, vol. 115, 2017</li> <li>Alessandro BriaEmail and Giulio Iannello (2012) <a href="https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2105-13-316" target="_blank">"TeraStitcher - A tool for fast automatic 3D-stitching of teravoxel-sized microscopy images"</a>, BMC Bioinformatics 2012 13:316</li> </ol> </div> </div> <!-- /Left column --> <!-- Right column --> <div class="col-md-2"> <p class="text-big text-muted text-90deg">Product</p> </div> <!-- /Right column --> </div> <!-- /Section content --> </div> </section> <!-- END OF SECTION: Resources --> <!-- SECTION: performance --> <section id="performance" class="section"> <div class="container"> <!-- Section header --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <header class="header header-left"> <h2 class="section-title">Performance</h2> <p class="section-subtitle text-muted">Advantage of ExM Studio</p> </header> </div> </div> <!-- /Section header --> <!-- Section content --> <div class="row section-content"> <!-- Left column --> <div class="col-md-2"> <p class="text-big text-muted text-90deg">Performance</p> </div> <!-- /Left column --> <!-- Right column --> <div class="col-md-10"> <div class="row"> <p class="text-muted"> In this section, performance evaluation results for each ExM tool are described. </p> </div> <div class="row"> <h2>ExM Deconvolution is the world's fastest</h2> <p class="text-muted"> We measured elapsed time of ExM deconvolution software and compared the result with two other major deconvolution software: "Deconvolution Lab2" (Open source, GPL v2), and "Huygens" (Commercial license). Deconvolution Lab2 can be run on CPU (no GPU). The below figure shows the result in a speed up factor, which is a normalized value by the elapsed time of Deconvolution Lab2. As you can see, ExM deconvolution achieved 405 times faster than Deconvolution Lab2, and 4.4 times faster than Huygens. </p> <p class="text-muted"> Note that this is the result on <a href="https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/products/10series/geforce-gtx-1080-ti/">NVIDIA GeForce 1080 Ti</a>, which is one generation behind. We have already confirmed that the latest board, <a href="https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/graphics-cards/rtx-2080/">GeForce RTX 2080</a>, can achieve an additional 1.6 times faster processing speed than the GTX 1080 Ti. </p> <!-- <p class="text-muted"> For more details, you can download our white paper about ExM decovolution. <br><a href="#">Download a white paper from here<i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a> </p> --> <p> <a href="#portfolio-image-1" class="portfolio-item photography"> <img src="img/performance_deconv.png"> </a> <p> <center><small>Fig4: Processing speed comparison for deconvolution software</small></center> </p> </p> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-5 column-pv"> <div class="price-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-1"> </div> <div class="col-md-11"> <br> <p class="text-muted"> The evaluation environment is following: </p> <ul class="price-features text-muted"> <li>CPU: Intel Xeon Gold 5115 (2.40GHz)</li> <li>CPU Memory: 192GB</li> <li>GPU: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti</li> <li>GPU Memory: 11 GB</li> <li>OS: CentOS 7.4.1708</li> <li>Input Data size: 2.4 GB</li> <li>Input Data type: Tiff Float 32bit</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /Portfolio image --> <div class="row"> <h2>Image quality of ExM Deconvolution</h2> <p class="text-muted"> Output image quality is a more important factor for a deconvolution software than its processing speed. We created several different test data sets to compare output images generated by each deconvolution software. Fig 5 shows results of one of those data sets. Original image, test input image, and output images generated by each software are shown in this figure. </p> <p class="text-muted"> In this data set, as you can see, the output image of ExM deconvolution well reproduces the original image. Its image quality is almost the same as the output of Deconvolution Lab2. The Huygens result was a little darker than others. </p> <br><br> <p> <a href="#portfolio-image-1" class="portfolio-item photography"> <img src="img/output_image.jpg"> </a> <p> <center><small>Fig 5: Output image comparison</small></center> </p> </p> </div> <div class="row"> <h2>Performance comparison between TeraStitcher CPU version and GPU version</h2> <p class="text-muted"> ExM studio is using TeraStitcher as a default stitching software. In general, stitching has several different image processing stages. The most time consuming part of the stitching process is the calculation of the displacement between tiles. TeraStitcher does this calculation by evaluating the Normalized CrossCorrelation (NCC) between the Maximum Intensity Projections (MIP) of the tiles. NCC is a variant of the classic Cross Correlation in which data are normalized by subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation of the two datasets [9]. </p> <p class="text-muted"> For TeraStitcher, you can run this NCC process on NVIDIA GPUs. The below figure shows the elapsed time of the NCC process running on CPU and GPU. The GPU version was able to achieve 3.8 times faster performance for the CPU version. For more details, visit <a href="https://abria.github.io/TeraStitcher/" target="_blank">TeraStitcher's web site</a>. </p> <p> <a href="#portfolio-image-1" class="portfolio-item photography"> <img src="img/terastitcher.png"> </a> <p> <center><small>Fig6: Processing speed comparison for TeraStitcher</small></center> </p> </p> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-5 column-pv"> <div class="price-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-1"> </div> <div class="col-md-11"> <br> <p class="text-muted"> The evaluation environment is following: </p> <ul class="price-features text-muted"> <li>CPU: Intel Xeon E5-2630</li> <li>CPU Memory: 188 GB</li> <li>GPU: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080</li> <li>GPU Memory: 8 GB</li> <li>OS: CentOS 7.4.1708</li> <li>Input Data size: 120 MB</li> <li>Input Data type: Tiff 8bit</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /.row --> </div> <!-- /Right column --> </div> <!-- /Section content --> </div> </section> <!-- END OF SECTION: performance --> <!-- SECTION: Contact --> <section id="contact" class="section"> <div class="container"> <!-- Section header --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <header class="header header-right"> <p class="section-subtitle text-muted">information</p> <h2 class="section-title">Contact</h2> </header> </div> </div> <!-- /Section header --> <!-- Section content --> <div class="row section-content"> <!-- Left column --> <div class="col-md-8 column-pv"> <!-- Form --> <form class="form-ajax"> <input type="hidden" name="form" value="Contact"> <div class="row"> <div class="form-group col-md-6 underline"> <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" placeholder="Your Name... *" required> </div> <div class="form-group col-md-6 underline"> <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" placeholder="E-mail address... *" required> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="form-group col-md-6 underline"> <input type="text" name="affiliation" class="form-control" placeholder="Your Affiliation... *" required> </div> </div> <div class="row column-mt"> <div class="form-group col-md-12 underline"> <textarea name="message" class="form-control" placeholder="Message... 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