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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gezinti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" title="Anasayfayı ziyaret et [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Anasayfa</span></a></li><li id="n-Hakkımızda" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Hakk%C4%B1nda"><span>Hakkımızda</span></a></li><li id="n-İçindekiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:G%C3%B6z_at"><span>İçindekiler</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Rastgele" title="Rastgele bir sayfaya gidin [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rastgele madde</span></a></li><li id="n-Seçkin-içerik" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Se%C3%A7kin_i%C3%A7erik"><span>Seçkin içerik</span></a></li><li id="n-Yakınımdakiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Yak%C4%B1n%C4%B1mdakiler"><span>Yakınımdakiler</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Katılım" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Katılım" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Katılım </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Deneme_tahtas%C4%B1"><span>Deneme tahtası</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:K%C3%B6y_%C3%A7e%C5%9Fmesi" title="Güncel olaylarla ilgili son bilgiler"><span>Köy çeşmesi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SonDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler" title="Vikide yapılmış son değişikliklerin listesi [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Son değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Y%C3%BCkle"><span>Dosya yükle</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedi:Topluluk_portali" title="Proje hakkında, neler yapabilirsiniz, ne nerededir"><span>Topluluk portali</span></a></li><li id="n-shop-text" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//shop.wikimedia.org"><span>Wikimedia dükkânı</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler" title="Yardım almak için"><span>Yardım</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-tr.svg" style="width: 6.6875em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Özgür Ansiklopedi" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tr.svg" width="104" height="13" style="width: 6.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Ara" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ara</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" aria-label="Vikipedi üzerinde ara" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikipedi içinde ara [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Özel:Ara"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ara</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Kişisel araçlar"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Sayfanın yazı tipi boyutunun, genişliğinin ve renginin görünümünü değiştirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Görünüm" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Görünüm</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Bağış yapın</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum aç</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kişisel araçlar" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kişisel araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Kullanıcı menüsü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tr.wikipedia.org&uselang=tr"><span>Bağış yapın</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Katkıda_bulunanlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Katkıda_bulunanlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Katkıda bulunanlar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Katkıda_bulunanlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konuyla_ilgili_yayınlar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konuyla_ilgili_yayınlar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Konuyla ilgili yayınlar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konuyla_ilgili_yayınlar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dış_bağlantılar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dış bağlantılar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dış_bağlantılar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Encyclopédie</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 59 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_(%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88)" title="الموسوعة (ديدرو) - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الموسوعة (ديدرو)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensiklopediya_v%C9%99_ya_elml%C9%99rin,_inc%C9%99s%C9%99n%C9%99tin,_s%C9%99n%C9%99tin_izahl%C4%B1_l%C3%BC%C4%9F%C9%99ti" title="Ensiklopediya və ya elmlərin, incəsənətin, sənətin izahlı lüğəti - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ensiklopediya və ya elmlərin, incəsənətin, sənətin izahlı lüğəti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="آنسیکلوپدی - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنسیکلوپدی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F,_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5,_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Енциклопедия, или тълковен речник на науките, изкуствата и занаятите - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Енциклопедия, или тълковен речник на науките, изкуствата и занаятите" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BC%84%E0%BC%85%E0%BC%8D%E0%BC%8D_%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%81%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8D" title="༄༅།། རིག་གནས་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་ཁྱབ། - Tibetçe" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="༄༅།། རིག་གནས་ཤེས་བྱ་ཀུན་ཁྱབ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - Bretonca" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyklopedie_aneb_Racion%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_slovn%C3%ADk_v%C4%9Bd,_um%C4%9Bn%C3%AD_a_%C5%99emesel" title="Encyklopedie aneb Racionální slovník věd, umění a řemesel - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Encyklopedie aneb Racionální slovník věd, umění a řemesel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Danca" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%AE_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Εγκυκλοπαίδεια ή Λεξικό αλφαβητικά ταξινομημένο των τεχνών και των επαγγελμάτων - Yunanca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εγκυκλοπαίδεια ή Λεξικό αλφαβητικά ταξινομημένο των τεχνών και των επαγγελμάτων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ents%C3%BCklopeedia_ehk_teaduste,_kunstide_ja_k%C3%A4sit%C3%B6%C3%B6de_seletav_s%C3%B5naraamat" title="Entsüklopeedia ehk teaduste, kunstide ja käsitööde seletav sõnaraamat - Estonca" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Entsüklopeedia ehk teaduste, kunstide ja käsitööde seletav sõnaraamat" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Baskça" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="آنسیکلوپدی - Farsça" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنسیکلوپدی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farsça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Fince" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Galiçyaca" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiçyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94" title="האנציקלופדיה הגדולה - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האנציקלופדיה הגדולה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="इनसाइक्लोपीदी - Hintçe" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इनसाइक्लोपीदी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hintçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Macarca" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Macarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - İnterlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="İnterlingua" data-language-local-name="İnterlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İnterlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Endonezce" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Endonezce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - İtalyanca" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="İtaliano" data-language-local-name="İtalyanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>İtaliano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8" title="百科全書 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="百科全書" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC%EC%A0%84%EC%84%9C" title="백과전서 - Korece" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="백과전서" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Latince" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Lombardça" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Litvanca" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enciklop%C4%93dija_(Den%C4%AB_Didro)" title="Enciklopēdija (Denī Didro) - Letonca" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Enciklopēdija (Denī Didro)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - Aşağı Almanca" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Aşağı Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Norveççe Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Norveççe Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveççe Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Oksitan dili" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielka_encyklopedia_francuska" title="Wielka encyklopedia francuska - Lehçe" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wielka encyklopedia francuska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Lehçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encicloped%C3%ACa_frans%C3%A8isa" title="Enciclopedìa fransèisa - Piyemontece" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Enciclopedìa fransèisa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piyemontece" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C" title="انسائکلو پیڈی - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="انسائکلو پیڈی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Portekizce" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portekizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Rumence" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F,_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA,_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2_%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%91%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Энциклопедия, или Толковый словарь наук, искусств и ремёсел - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Энциклопедия, или Толковый словарь наук, искусств и ремёсел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - Sardunya dili" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardunya dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Sicilyaca" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilyaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Sırp-Hırvat Dili" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Sırp-Hırvat Dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers - Slovakça" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="L'Encyclopédie - Slovence" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="L'Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovence" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Француска енциклопедија - Sırpça" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Француска енциклопедија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sırpça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - İsveççe" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="İsveççe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பிரெஞ்சு கலைக்களஞ்சியம் - Tamilce" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரெஞ்சு கலைக்களஞ்சியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="สารานุกรม หรือพจนานุกรมอันเป็นระบบว่าด้วยวิทยาศาสตร์ ศิลปกรรม และหัตถกรรม - Tayca" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สารานุกรม หรือพจนานุกรมอันเป็นระบบว่าด้วยวิทยาศาสตร์ ศิลปกรรม และหัตถกรรม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tayca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F,_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%A2%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8,_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Енциклопедія, або Тлумачний словник науки, мистецтва й ремесел - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Енциклопедія, або Тлумачний словник науки, мистецтва й ремесел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C" title="انسائکلو پیڈی - Urduca" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انسائکلو پیڈی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urduca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die" title="Encyclopédie - Vietnamca" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Encyclopédie" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%96%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%81%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E6%90%AD%E5%B7%A5%E8%89%BA%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="百科全书，或科学、艺术搭工艺详解词典 - Wu Çincesi" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="百科全书，或科学、艺术搭工艺详解词典" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Çincesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6%EF%BC%8C%E6%88%96%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%81%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%B7%A5%E8%89%BA%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="百科全书，或科学、艺术和工艺详解词典 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="百科全书，或科学、艺术和工艺详解词典" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q447#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipedi, özgür ansiklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r28603389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:20em"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-style:italic;padding-bottom:0.2em;">Encyclopédie <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A9die&rft.author=Edit%C3%B6rler%3B+%5B%5BDenis+Diderot%5D%5D+ve+%5B%5BJean+le+Rond+d%27Alembert%5D%5D.+Yazarlar%3B+%C3%87e%C5%9Fitli+kat%C4%B1l%C4%B1mc%C4%B1lar&rft.date=1751+-+1772&rft.pub=%5B%5BAndr%C3%A9+le+Breton%5D%5D%2C+%5B%5BMichel-Antoine+David%5D%5D%2C+%5B%5BLaurent+Durand%5D%5D+ve+%5B%5BAntoine-Claude+Briasson%5D%5D"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader font-size: 95%; font-style: italic; text-align: center" style="font-size: 95%; font-style: italic; text-align: center">Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Encyclopedie_de_D%27Alembert_et_Diderot_-_Premiere_Page_-_ENC_1-NA5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Encyclopedie_de_D%27Alembert_et_Diderot_-_Premiere_Page_-_ENC_1-NA5.jpg/220px-Encyclopedie_de_D%27Alembert_et_Diderot_-_Premiere_Page_-_ENC_1-NA5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Encyclopedie_de_D%27Alembert_et_Diderot_-_Premiere_Page_-_ENC_1-NA5.jpg/330px-Encyclopedie_de_D%27Alembert_et_Diderot_-_Premiere_Page_-_ENC_1-NA5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Encyclopedie_de_D%27Alembert_et_Diderot_-_Premiere_Page_-_ENC_1-NA5.jpg/440px-Encyclopedie_de_D%27Alembert_et_Diderot_-_Premiere_Page_-_ENC_1-NA5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3133" data-file-height="5120" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Kapak resmi</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Yazar</th><td class="infobox-data">Editörler; <a href="/wiki/Denis_Diderot" title="Denis Diderot">Denis Diderot</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Jean_le_Rond_d%27Alembert" title="Jean le Rond d'Alembert">Jean le Rond d'Alembert</a>. Yazarlar; Çeşitli katılımcılar</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ülke</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fransa" title="Fransa">Fransa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Konu</th><td class="infobox-data">Genel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tür</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ansiklopedi" title="Ansiklopedi">Ansiklopedi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Yayım</th><td class="infobox-data">1751 - 1772</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Yayımcı</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_le_Breton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André le Breton (sayfa mevcut değil)">André le Breton</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel-Antoine_David&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel-Antoine David (sayfa mevcut değil)">Michel-Antoine David</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurent_Durand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurent Durand (sayfa mevcut değil)">Laurent Durand</a> ve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine-Claude_Briasson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine-Claude Briasson (sayfa mevcut değil)">Antoine-Claude Briasson</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Encyclopédie, ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers</b> (<a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Türkçe">Türkçe</a>: Ansiklopedi veya Bilimler, Sanatlar ve Zanaatlerin Sistematik Sözlüğü) Fransa'da 1751 ve 1772 arasında takviyeler, revize sürümler ve çeviriler ile birlikte geliştirilerek yayımlanan bir genel <a href="/wiki/Ansiklopedi" title="Ansiklopedi">ansiklopedidir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Editörlüğü <a href="/wiki/Denis_Diderot" title="Denis Diderot">Denis Diderot</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Jean_le_Rond_d%27Alembert" title="Jean le Rond d'Alembert">Jean le Rond d'Alembert</a> (1759 yılına kadar) tarafından ortaklaşa yapılmıştır. </p><p>Encyclopédie birkaç açıdan yenilikçi bir ansiklopedi olmuştur. Diğer şeylerin de yayında, ilk olarak birçok kişinin katkıda bulunduğu ve makalelerinde isimlerinin yer aldığı ilk ansiklopedi ve mekanik sanatlara dikkat çeken ilk genel ansiklopedi oldu. Yine, Encyclopédie <a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1nlanma_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Aydınlanma Çağı">Aydınlanma Çağı</a> düşüncesini temsil açısından diğer her şeyden ünlüdür. Makalesinde Denis Diderot'un "Encyclopédie" için söylediğine göre, kitabın amacı "insanların düşünme biçimini değiştirmek" idi.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diderot, Encyclopédie içinde dünyanın tüm bilgilerini birleştirerek metin haline getirmek ve tüm bu bilgileri kamuya ve gelecek nesillere ulaştırmak istediğini söylemiştir.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Katkıda_bulunanlar"><span id="Katk.C4.B1da_bulunanlar"></span>Katkıda bulunanlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Katkıda bulunanlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Katkıda bulunanlar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aşağıda kendi alanı ile ilgili önemli katkılarda bulunan dönemin bazı önemli kişileri listelenmiştir. Ansiklopediye katkıda bulunan kişilere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9distes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encyclopédistes (sayfa mevcut değil)">Encyclopédistes</a> denilmiştir, bu kişilerin sayısı 100'den fazladır, bazı tanınmış isimler; </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Le_Rond_d%27Alembert" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Le Rond d'Alembert">Jean Le Rond d'Alembert</a> - editör; bilim (özellikle <a href="/wiki/Matematik" title="Matematik">matematik</a>), çağdaş ilişkiler, <a href="/wiki/Felsefe" title="Felsefe">felsefe</a>, din, diğerleri arasında</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Le_Breton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Le Breton (sayfa mevcut değil)">André Le Breton</a> - baş yayıncı</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis-Jean-Marie_Daubenton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton (sayfa mevcut değil)">Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton</a> - doğal tarih</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Diderot" title="Denis Diderot">Denis Diderot</a> - baş editör; ekonomi, mekanik sanatlar, felsefe, siyaset, din, diğerleri arasında</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baron_d%27Holbach" class="mw-redirect" title="Baron d'Holbach">Baron d'Holbach</a> - bilim (kimya, mineraloji), siyaset, din, diğerleri arasında</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_de_Jaucourt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis de Jaucourt (sayfa mevcut değil)">Chevalier Louis de Jaucourt</a> - ekonomi, edebiyat, tıp, siyaset, ciltçilik, diğerleri arasında</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_de_La_Chapelle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste de La Chapelle (sayfa mevcut değil)">Jean-Baptiste de La Chapelle</a> - matematik</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Secondat,_Baron_de_Montesquieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Quesnay" title="François Quesnay">François Quesnay</a> - vergi, çiftçiler ve tahıl makaleleri</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Jean-Jacques Rousseau</a> - müzik, siyaset teorisi</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot,_Baron_de_Laune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Baron de Laune (sayfa mevcut değil)">Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Baron de Laune</a> - ekonomi, etimoloji, felsefe, fizik</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltaire" title="Voltaire">Voltaire</a> - tarih, edebiyat, felsefe</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140307065346/http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/186659/Encyclopedie">"Britannica.com"</a>. 7 Mart 2014 tarihinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/186659/Encyclopedie">kaynağından</a> arşivlendi<span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 15 Mayıs 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Britannica.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobal.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F186659%2FEncyclopedie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3AEncyclop%C3%A9die" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Denis Diderot as quoted in Hunt, p. 611</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text">Denis Diderot as quoted in Kramnick, p. 17</span> </li> </ol></div> <dl><dt>Kaynaklar</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philipp_Blom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philipp Blom (sayfa mevcut değil)">Blom, Philipp</a>, <i>Enlightening the world: Encyclopédie, the book that changed the course of history</i>, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/1403968950" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-4039-6895-0</a></li> <li>Brewer, Daniel. <i>The Discourse of Enlightenment in Eighteenth-century France: Diderot and the Art of Philosophizing</i>. Cambridge, England: Cambridge UP, 1993.</li> <li>Brewer, Daniel, "The <i>Encyclopédie</i>: Innovation and Legacy" in <i>New Essays on Diderot</i>, edited by James Fowler, Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>, 2011, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0521769566" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-76956-6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Burke_(tarih%C3%A7i)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Burke (tarihçi) (sayfa mevcut değil)">Burke, Peter</a>, <i>A social history of knowledge: from Gutenberg to Diderot</i>, Malden: Blackwell Publishers Inc., 2000, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0745624855" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7456-2485-5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Darnton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Darnton (sayfa mevcut değil)">Darnton, Robert</a>. <i>The Business of Enlightenment: A Publishing History of the Encyclopédie, 1775-1800</i>. Cambridge: Belknap, 1979.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Hunt" title="Lynn Hunt">Hunt, Lynn</a>, <i>The Making of the West: Peoples and Cultures: A Concise History: Volume II: Since 1340</i>, Second Edition, Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2007, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0312439377" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-312-43937-7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Kramnick&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac Kramnick (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kramnick, Isaac</a>, "Encyclopédie" in <i>The Portable Enlightenment Reader</i>, edited by Isaac Kramnick, Toronto: <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>, 1995, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0140245669" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-14-024566-9</a></li> <li>Lough, John. <i>The Encyclopédie</i>. New York: D. McKay, 1971.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Magee" title="Bryan Magee">Magee, Bryan</a>, <i>The Story of Philosophy</i>, New York: DK Publishing, Inc., 1998, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/078943511X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7894-3511-X</a></li> <li>O'Sullivan, Dan. <i>Wikipedia: A New Community of Practice?</i> Farnham, Surrey, 2009, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/9780754674337" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780754674337</a>.</li> <li>Roche, Daniel. "Encyclopedias and the Diffusion of Knowledge." <i>The Cambridge History of Eighteenth-century Political Thought</i>. By Mark Goldie and Robert Wokler. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2006. 172-94.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jackson_J._Spielvogel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jackson J. Spielvogel (sayfa mevcut değil)">Spielvogel, Jackson J</a>, <i>Western Civilization</i>, Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0495897337" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-495-89733-7</a></li> <li>Stockwell, Foster, <i>A History of Information Storage and Retrieval</i>, <a href="/wiki/McFarland_(yay%C4%B1nevi)" title="McFarland (yayınevi)">McFarland</a>, Aralık 2000, <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0786408405" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7864-0840-5</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konuyla_ilgili_yayınlar"><span id="Konuyla_ilgili_yay.C4.B1nlar"></span>Konuyla ilgili yayınlar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Konuyla ilgili yayınlar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Konuyla ilgili yayınlar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Preliminary discourse to the Encyclopedia of Diderot</i>, Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, translated by Richard N. Schwab, 1995. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0226134768" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-226-13476-8</a></li> <li><i>Jean d'Alembert</i> by Ronald Grimsley. (1963)</li> <li><i>The Encyclopedists as individuals: a biographical dictionary of the authors of the Encyclopédie</i> by Frank A. Kafker and Serena L. Kafker. Published 1988 in the <i>Studies of Voltaire and the eighteenth century</i>. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0729403688" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7294-0368-8</a></li> <li><i>Encyclopédie ou dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers</i>, Editions Flammarion, 1993. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/2080704265" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 2-08-070426-5</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170722104511/http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/jte-v6n1/pannabecker.jte-v6n1.html">Diderot, the Mechanical Arts, and the Encyclopédie</a>, John R. Pannabecker, 1994. With bibliography.</li> <li><i>The Encyclopédie and the Age of Revolution</i>. Ed. Clorinda Donato and Robert M. Maniquis. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1992. <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:KitapKaynaklar%C4%B1/0816105278" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8161-0527-8</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dış_bağlantılar"><span id="D.C4.B1.C5.9F_ba.C4.9Flant.C4.B1lar"></span>Dış bağlantılar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Dış bağlantılar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encyclop%C3%A9die&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Dış bağlantılar"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33560057">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33560105">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33560075">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons'ta <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die,_ou_Dictionnaire_raisonn%C3%A9_des_sciences,_des_arts_et_des_m%C3%A9tiers" class="extiw" title="commons:Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers">Encyclopédie</a></b></i> ile ilgili ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diderot.fr/">Diderot</a>26 Nisan 2019 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190426200053/http://www.diderot.fr/">arşivlendi</a>. Search Engine in tribute to Diderot</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alembert.fr/">On-line version</a> 16 Mayıs 2014 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140516234938/http://alembert.fr/">arşivlendi</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/efts/ARTFL/projects/encyc/">On-line version</a>14 Kasım 2008 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> sitesinde <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081114211625/http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/efts/ARTFL/projects/encyc/">arşivlendi</a>. with an English interface and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://encyclopedie.uchicago.edu/node/102">dates of publication</a>8 Ağustos 2019 tarihinde <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback 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