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class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4266</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fluid outlet and inlet temperatures</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4266</span> Numerical Study for Improving Performance of Air Cooled Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell on the Cathode Channel </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Hassan%20Gundu">Mohamed Hassan Gundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaeseung%20Lee"> Jaeseung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faizan%20Chinannai"> Muhammad Faizan Chinannai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunchul%20Ju"> Hyunchul Ju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we present the effects of bipolar plate design to control the temperature of the cell and ensure effective water management under an excessive amount of air flow and low humidification conditions in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The PEMFC model developed and applied to consider a three type of bipolar plate that is defined by ratio of inlet channel width to outlet channel width. Simulation results show that the design which has narrow gas inlet channel and wide gas outlet channel width (wide coolant inlet channel and narrow coolant outlet channel width) make the relative humidity and water concentration increase in the channel and the catalyst layer. Therefore, this study clearly demonstrates that the dehydration phenomenon can be decreased by using design of bipolar plate with narrow gas inlet channel and wide gas outlet channel width (wide coolant inlet channel and narrow coolant outlet channel width). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEMFC" title="PEMFC">PEMFC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air-cooling" title=" air-cooling"> air-cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20humidity" title=" relative humidity"> relative humidity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management" title=" water management"> water management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20concentration" title=" water concentration"> water concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20concentration" title=" oxygen concentration"> oxygen concentration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105402/numerical-study-for-improving-performance-of-air-cooled-proton-exchange-membrane-fuel-cell-on-the-cathode-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4265</span> An Investigation of System and Operating Parameters on the Performance of Parabolic Trough Solar Collector for Power Generation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umesh%20Kumar%20Sinha">Umesh Kumar Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20K.%20Nayak"> Y. K. Nayak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Kumar"> N. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swapnil%20Saurav"> Swapnil Saurav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Kashyap"> Monika Kashyap</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The authors investigate the effect of system and operating parameters on the performance of high temperature solar concentrator for power generation. The effects of system and operating parameters were investigated using the developed mathematical expressions for collector efficiency, heat removal factor, fluid outlet temperature and power, etc. The results were simulated using C++program. The simulated results were plotted for investigation like effect of thermal loss parameter and radiative loss parameters on the collector efficiency, heat removal factor, fluid outlet temperature, rise of temperature and effect of mass flow rate of the fluid outlet temperature. In connection with the power generation, plots were drawn for the effect of (TM–TAMB) on the variation of concentration efficiency, concentrator irradiance on PM/PMN, evaporation temperature on thermal to electric power efficiency (Conversion efficiency) of the plant and overall efficiency of solar power plant. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parabolic%20trough%20solar%20collector" title="parabolic trough solar collector">parabolic trough solar collector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiative%20and%20thermal%20loss%20parameters" title=" radiative and thermal loss parameters"> radiative and thermal loss parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collector%20efficiency" title=" collector efficiency"> collector efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20removal%20factor" title=" heat removal factor"> heat removal factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20outlet%20and%20inlet%20temperatures" title=" fluid outlet and inlet temperatures"> fluid outlet and inlet temperatures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rise%20of%20temperature" title=" rise of temperature"> rise of temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20flow%20rate" title=" mass flow rate"> mass flow rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conversion%20efficiency" title=" conversion efficiency"> conversion efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentrator%20irradiance" title=" concentrator irradiance"> concentrator irradiance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74875/an-investigation-of-system-and-operating-parameters-on-the-performance-of-parabolic-trough-solar-collector-for-power-generation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4264</span> Numerical Investigation of Cavitation on Different Venturi Shapes by Computational Fluid Dynamics </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedat%20Yayla">Sedat Yayla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Oruc"> Mehmet Oruc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shakhwan%20Yaseen"> Shakhwan Yaseen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cavitation phenomena might rigorously impair machine parts such as pumps, propellers and impellers or devices as the pressure in the fluid declines under the liquid's saturation pressure. To evaluate the influence of cavitation, in this research two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) venturi models with variety of inlet pressure values, throat lengths and vapor fluid contents were applied. In this research three different vapor contents (0%, 5% 10%), four inlet pressures (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 atm) and two venturi models were employed at different throat lengths ( 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm) for discovering the impact of each parameter on the cavitation number. It is uncovered that there is a positive correlation between pressure inlet and vapor fluid content and cavitation number. Furthermore, it is unveiled that velocity remains almost constant at the inlet pressures of 6, 8,10atm, nevertheless increasing the length of throat results in the substantial escalation in the velocity of the throat at inlet pressures of 2 and 4 atm. Furthermore, velocity and cavitation number were negatively correlated. The results of the cavitation number varied between 0.092 and 0.495 depending upon the velocity values of the throat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitation%20number" title="cavitation number">cavitation number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture%20of%20fluid" title=" mixture of fluid"> mixture of fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flow" title=" two-phase flow"> two-phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20of%20throat" title=" velocity of throat"> velocity of throat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74888/numerical-investigation-of-cavitation-on-different-venturi-shapes-by-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4263</span> CFD Analysis of a Two-Sided Windcatcher Inlet/Outlet Ducts’ Height in Ventilation Flow through a Three Dimensional Room</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirreza%20Niktash">Amirreza Niktash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20P.%20Huynh"> B. P. Huynh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A windcatcher is a structure fitted on the roof of a building for providing natural ventilation by using wind power; it exhausts the inside stale air to the outside and supplies the outside fresh air into the interior space of the building working by pressure difference between outside and inside of the building and using ventilation principles of passive stacks and wind tower, respectively. In this paper, the effect of different heights of inlet/outlets’ ducts of a two-sided windcatcher on the flow rate, flow velocity and flow pattern through a three-dimensional room fitted with the windcatcher are investigated and analysed by using RANS CFD technique and applying standard K-ε turbulence model via a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package. The achieved results show that the inlet/outlet ducts height strongly affects flow rate, flow velocity and flow pattern especially in the living area of the room when the wind velocity is not too low. The results are confirmed by the experimental test for constructed scaled model in the laboratory and it develops the two-sided windcatcher’s performance in ventilation applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RANS" title=" RANS"> RANS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ventilation" title=" ventilation"> ventilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=windcatcher" title=" windcatcher"> windcatcher</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18751/cfd-analysis-of-a-two-sided-windcatcher-inletoutlet-ducts-height-in-ventilation-flow-through-a-three-dimensional-room" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4262</span> Convective Boiling of CO₂/R744 in Macro and Micro-Channels </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adonis%20Menezes">Adonis Menezes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Passos"> J. C. Passos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current panorama of technology in heat transfer and the scarcity of information about the convective boiling of CO₂ and hydrocarbon in small diameter channels motivated the development of this work. Among non-halogenated refrigerants, CO₂/ R744 has distinct thermodynamic properties compared to other fluids. The R744 presents significant differences in operating pressures and temperatures, operating at higher values compared to other refrigerants, and this represents a challenge for the design of new evaporators, as the original systems must normally be resized to meet the specific characteristics of the R744, which creates the need for a new design and optimization criteria. To carry out the convective boiling tests of CO₂, an experimental apparatus capable of storing (m= 10kg) of saturated CO₂ at (T = -30 ° C) in an accumulator tank was used, later this fluid was pumped using a positive displacement pump with three pistons, and the outlet pressure was controlled and could reach up to (P = 110bar). This high-pressure saturated fluid passed through a Coriolis type flow meter, and the mass velocities varied between (G = 20 kg/m².s) up to (G = 1000 kg/m².s). After that, the fluid was sent to the first test section of circular cross-section in diameter (D = 4.57mm), where the inlet and outlet temperatures and pressures, were controlled and the heating was promoted by the Joule effect using a source of direct current with a maximum heat flow of (q = 100 kW/m²). The second test section used a cross-section with multi-channels (seven parallel channels) with a square cross-section of (D = 2mm) each; this second test section has also control of temperature and pressure at the inlet and outlet as well as for heating a direct current source was used, with a maximum heat flow of (q = 20 kW/m²). The fluid in a biphasic situation was directed to a parallel plate heat exchanger so that it returns to the liquid state, thus being able to return to the accumulator tank, continuing the cycle. The multi-channel test section has a viewing section; a high-speed CMOS camera was used for image acquisition, where it was possible to view the flow patterns. The experiments carried out and presented in this report were conducted in a rigorous manner, enabling the development of a database on the convective boiling of the R744 in macro and micro channels. The analysis prioritized the processes from the beginning of the convective boiling until the drying of the wall in a subcritical regime. The R744 resurfaces as an excellent alternative to chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants due to its negligible ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) and GWP (Global Warming Potential) rates, among other advantages. The results found in the experimental tests were very promising for the use of CO₂ in micro-channels in convective boiling and served as a basis for determining the flow pattern map and correlation for determining the heat transfer coefficient in the convective boiling of CO₂. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20boiling" title="convective boiling">convective boiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%2FR744" title=" CO₂/R744"> CO₂/R744</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macro-channels" title=" macro-channels"> macro-channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-channels" title=" micro-channels"> micro-channels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134560/convective-boiling-of-co2r744-in-macro-and-micro-channels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4261</span> Hydrodynamic Analysis with Heat Transfer in Solid Gas Fluidized Bed Reactor for Solar Thermal Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Rasoulzadeh">Sam Rasoulzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atefeh%20Mousavi"> Atefeh Mousavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fluidized bed reactors are known as highly exothermic and endothermic according to uniformity in temperature as a safe and effective mean for catalytic reactors. In these reactors, a wide range of catalyst particles can be used and by using a continuous operation proceed to produce in succession. Providing optimal conditions for the operation of these types of reactors will prevent the exorbitant costs necessary to carry out laboratory work. In this regard, a hydrodynamic analysis was carried out with heat transfer in the solid-gas fluidized bed reactor for solar thermal applications. The results showed that in the fluid flow the input of the reactor has a lower temperature than the outlet, and when the fluid is passing from the reactor, the heat transfer happens between cylinder and solar panel and fluid. It increases the fluid temperature in the outlet pump and also the kinetic energy of the fluid has been raised in the outlet areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20reactor" title=" solar reactor"> solar reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluidized%20bed%20reactor" title=" fluidized bed reactor"> fluidized bed reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100498/hydrodynamic-analysis-with-heat-transfer-in-solid-gas-fluidized-bed-reactor-for-solar-thermal-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4260</span> Improvement of Parallel Compressor Model in Dealing Outlet Unequal Pressure Distribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kewei%20Xu">Kewei Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jens%20Friedrich"> Jens Friedrich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Dwinger"> Kevin Dwinger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Fan"> Wei Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xijin%20Zhang"> Xijin Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Parallel Compressor Model (PCM) is a simplified approach to predict compressor performance with inlet distortions. In PCM calculation, it is assumed that the sub-compressors’ outlet static pressure is uniform and therefore simplifies PCM calculation procedure. However, if the compressor’s outlet duct is not long and straight, such assumption frequently induces error ranging from 10% to 15%. This paper provides a revised calculation method of PCM that can correct the error. The revised method employs energy equation, momentum equation and continuity equation to acquire needed parameters and replace the equal static pressure assumption. Based on the revised method, PCM is applied on two compression system with different blades types. The predictions of their performance in non-uniform inlet conditions are yielded through the revised calculation method and are employed to evaluate the method’s efficiency. Validating the results by experimental data, it is found that although little deviation occurs, calculated result agrees well with experiment data whose error ranges from 0.1% to 3%. Therefore, this proves the revised calculation method of PCM possesses great advantages in predicting the performance of the distorted compressor with limited exhaust duct. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20compressor%20model%20%28pcm%29" title="parallel compressor model (pcm)">parallel compressor model (pcm)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revised%20calculation%20method" title=" revised calculation method"> revised calculation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inlet%20distortion" title=" inlet distortion"> inlet distortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outlet%20unequal%20pressure%20distribution" title=" outlet unequal pressure distribution"> outlet unequal pressure distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39155/improvement-of-parallel-compressor-model-in-dealing-outlet-unequal-pressure-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4259</span> CFD Simulation of the Inlet Pressure Effects on the Cooling Capacity Enhancement for Vortex Tube with Couple Vortex Chambers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nader%20Pourmahmoud">Nader Pourmahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Hassanzadeh"> Amir Hassanzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article investigates the effects of inlet pressure in a newly introduced vortex tube which has been equipped with an additional vortex chamber. A 3-D compressible turbulent flow computation has been carried out toward analysis of complex flow field in this apparatus. Numerical results of flows are derived by utilizing the standard k-ε turbulence model for analyzing high rotating complex flow field. The present research has focused on cooling effect and given a characteristics curve for minimum cool temperature. In addition, the effect of inlet pressure for both chambers has been studied in details. To be presented numerical results show that the effect of inlet pressure in second chamber has more important role in improving the performance of the vortex tube than first one. By increasing the pressure in the second chamber, cold outlet temperature reaches a higher decrease. When both chambers are fed with high pressure fluid, best operation condition of vortex tube occurs. However, it is not possible to feed both chambers with high pressure due to the conditions of working environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20separation" title="energy separation">energy separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inlet%20pressure" title=" inlet pressure"> inlet pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20chamber" title=" vortex chamber"> vortex chamber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex%20tube" title=" vortex tube"> vortex tube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18358/cfd-simulation-of-the-inlet-pressure-effects-on-the-cooling-capacity-enhancement-for-vortex-tube-with-couple-vortex-chambers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4258</span> Effective Cooling of Photovoltaic Solar Cells by Inserting Triangular Ribs: A Numerical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Saadi">S. Saadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Benissaad"> S. Benissaad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Poncet"> S. Poncet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Kabar"> Y. Kabar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In photovoltaic (PV) cells, most of the absorbed solar radiation cannot be converted into electricity. A large amount of solar radiation is converted to heat, which should be dissipated by any cooling techniques. In the present study, the cooling is achieved by inserting triangular ribs in the duct. A comprehensive two-dimensional thermo-fluid model for the effective cooling of PV cells has been developed. It has been first carefully validated against experimental and numerical results available in the literature. A parametric analysis was then carried out about the influence of the number and size of the ribs, wind speed, solar irradiance and inlet fluid velocity on the average solar cell and outlet air temperatures as well as the thermal and electrical efficiencies of the module. Results indicated that the use of triangular ribbed channels is a very effective cooling technique, which significantly reduces the average temperature of the PV cell, especially when increasing the number of ribs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20cooling" title="effective cooling">effective cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20modeling" title=" numerical modeling"> numerical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20cell" title=" photovoltaic cell"> photovoltaic cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triangular%20ribs" title=" triangular ribs"> triangular ribs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90057/effective-cooling-of-photovoltaic-solar-cells-by-inserting-triangular-ribs-a-numerical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">184</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4257</span> Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Fluid Flow inside Concentric Heat Exchanger Using Different Inlet Geometry Configurations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Abo%20Elazm">Mohamed M. Abo Elazm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20I.%20Shehata"> Ali I. Shehata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Khairat%20Dawood"> Mohamed M. Khairat Dawood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program FLUENT has been used to predict the fluid flow and heat transfer distribution within concentric heat exchangers. The effect of inlet inclination angle has been investigated with Reynolds number range (3000 – 4000) and Pr=0.71. The heat exchanger is fabricated from copper concentric inner tube with a length of 750 mm. The effects of hot to cold inlet flow rate ratio (MH/MC), Reynolds's number and of inlet inclination angle of 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° are considered. The results showed that the numerical prediction shows a good agreement with experimental measurement. The results present an efficient design of concentric tube heat exchanger to enhance the heat transfer by increasing the swirling effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title="heat transfer">heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swirling%20effect" title=" swirling effect"> swirling effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclination%20angle" title=" inclination angle"> inclination angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentric%20tube%20heat%20exchange" title=" concentric tube heat exchange"> concentric tube heat exchange</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71387/experimental-and-numerical-investigation-of-fluid-flow-inside-concentric-heat-exchanger-using-different-inlet-geometry-configurations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4256</span> Experimental Study on Dehumidification Performance of Supersonic Nozzle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esam%20Jassim">Esam Jassim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Supersonic nozzles are commonly used to purify natural gas in gas processing technology. As an innovated technology, it is employed to overcome the deficit of the traditional method, related to gas dynamics, thermodynamics and fluid dynamics theory. An indoor test rig is built to study the dehumidification process of moisture fluid. Humid air was chosen for the study. The working fluid was circulating in an open loop, which had provision for filtering, metering, and humidifying. A stainless steel supersonic separator is constructed together with the C-D nozzle system. The result shows that dehumidification enhances as NPR increases. This is due to the high intensity in the turbulence caused by the shock formation in the divergent section. Such disturbance strengthens the centrifugal force, pushing more particles toward the near-wall region. In return return, the pressure recovery factor, defined as the ratio of the outlet static pressure of the fluid to its inlet value, decreases with NPR. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20nozzle" title="supersonic nozzle">supersonic nozzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehumidification" title=" dehumidification"> dehumidification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20separation" title=" particle separation"> particle separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nozzle%20geometry" title=" nozzle geometry"> nozzle geometry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64186/experimental-study-on-dehumidification-performance-of-supersonic-nozzle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4255</span> Field Synergy Analysis of Combustion Characteristics in the Afterburner of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shing-Cheng%20Chang">Shing-Cheng Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Hao%20Yang"> Cheng-Hao Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Sheng%20Chang"> Wen-Sheng Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chih-Chia%20Lin"> Chih-Chia Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Han%20Li"> Chun-Han Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising green technology which can achieve a high electrical efficiency. Due to the high operating temperature of SOFC stack, the off-gases at high temperature from anode and cathode outlets are introduced into an afterburner to convert the chemical energy into thermal energy by combustion. The heat is recovered to preheat the fresh air and fuel gases before they pass through the stack during the SOFC power generation system operation. For an afterburner of the SOFC system, the temperature control with a good thermal uniformity is important. A burner with a well-designed geometry usually can achieve a satisfactory performance. To design an afterburner for an SOFC system, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is adoptable. In this paper, the hydrogen combustion characteristics in an afterburner with simple geometry are studied by using CFD. The burner is constructed by a cylinder chamber with the configuration of a fuel gas inlet, an air inlet, and an exhaust outlet. The flow field and temperature distributions inside the afterburner under different fuel and air flow rates are analyzed. To improve the temperature uniformity of the afterburner during the SOFC system operation, the flow paths of anode/cathode off-gases are varied by changing the positions of fuels and air inlet channel to improve the heat and flow field synergy in the burner furnace. Because the air flow rate is much larger than the fuel gas, the flow structure and heat transfer in the afterburner is dominated by the air flow path. The present work studied the effects of fluid flow structures on the combustion characteristics of an SOFC afterburner by three simulation models with a cylindrical combustion chamber and a tapered outlet. All walls in the afterburner are assumed to be no-slip and adiabatic. In each case, two set of parameters are simulated to study the transport phenomena of hydrogen combustion. The equivalence ratios are in the range of 0.08 to 0.1. Finally, the pattern factor for the simulation cases is calculated to investigate the effect of gas inlet locations on the temperature uniformity of the SOFC afterburner. The results show that the temperature uniformity of the exhaust gas can be improved by simply adjusting the position of the gas inlet. The field synergy analysis indicates the design of the fluid flow paths should be in the way that can significantly contribute to the heat transfer, i.e. the field synergy angle should be as small as possible. In the study cases, the averaged synergy angle of the burner is about 85̊, 84̊, and 81̊ respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=afterburner" title="afterburner">afterburner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combustion" title=" combustion"> combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20synergy" title=" field synergy"> field synergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20oxide%20fuel%20cell" title=" solid oxide fuel cell"> solid oxide fuel cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98344/field-synergy-analysis-of-combustion-characteristics-in-the-afterburner-of-solid-oxide-fuel-cell-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98344.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4254</span> Energy and Exergy Analyses of Thin-Layer Drying of Pineapple Slices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apolinar%20Picado">Apolinar Picado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Alfaro"> Steve Alfaro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20Gamero"> Rafael Gamero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy and exergy analyses of thin-layer drying of pineapple slices (Ananas comosus L.) were conducted in a laboratory tunnel dryer. Drying experiments were carried out at three temperatures (100, 115 and 130 °C) and an air velocity of 1.45 m/s. The effects of drying variables on energy utilisation, energy utilisation ratio, exergy loss and exergy efficiency were studied. The enthalpy difference of the gas increased as the inlet gas temperature increase. It is observed that at the 75 minutes of the drying process the outlet gas enthalpy achieves a maximum value that is very close to the inlet value and remains constant until the end of the drying process. This behaviour is due to the reduction of the total enthalpy within the system, or in other words, the reduction of the effective heat transfer from the hot gas flow to the vegetable being dried. Further, the outlet entropy exhibits a significant increase that is not only due to the temperature variation, but also to the increase of water vapour phase contained in the hot gas flow. The maximum value of the exergy efficiency curve corresponds to the maximum value observed within the drying rate curves. This maximum value represents the stage when the available energy is efficiently used in the removal of the moisture within the solid. As the drying rate decreases, the available energy is started to be less employed. The exergetic efficiency was directly dependent on the evaporation flux and since the convective drying is less efficient that other types of dryer, it is likely that the exergetic efficiency has relatively low values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exergy" title=" exergy"> exergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin-layer%20drying" title=" thin-layer drying"> thin-layer drying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74793/energy-and-exergy-analyses-of-thin-layer-drying-of-pineapple-slices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4253</span> The Study on Enhanced Micro Climate of the Oyster Mushroom Cultivation House with Multi-Layered Shelves by Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis in Winter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunghyoun%20Lee">Sunghyoun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byeongkee%20Yu"> Byeongkee Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanjung%20Lee"> Chanjung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeongtaek%20Lim"> Yeongtaek Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oyster mushrooms are one of the ingredients that Koreans prefer. The oyster mushroom cultivation house has multiple layers in order to increase the mushroom production per unit area. However, the growing shelves in the house act as obstacles and hinder the circulation of the interior air, which leads to the difference of cultivation environment between the upper part and lower part of the growing shelves. Due to this difference of environments, growth distinction occurs according to the area of the growing shelves. It is known that minute air circulation around the mushroom cap facilitates the metabolism of mushrooms and improves its quality. This study has utilized the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program, that is, FLUENT R16, in order to analyze the improvement of the internal environment uniformity of the oyster mushroom cultivation house. The analyzed factors are velocity distribution, temperature distribution, and humidity distribution. In order to maintain the internal environment uniformity of the oyster mushroom cultivation house, it appeared that installing circulation fan at the upper part of the working passage towards the ceiling is effective. When all the environmental control equipment – unit cooler, inlet fan, outlet fan, air circulation fan, and humidifier - operated simultaneously, the RMS figure on the growing shelves appeared as follows: velocity 28.23%, temperature 30.47%, humidity 7.88%. However, when only unit cooler and air circulation fan operated, the RMS figure on the growing shelves appeared as follows: velocity 22.28%, temperature 0.87%, humidity 0.82%. Therefore, in order to maintain the internal environment uniformity of the mushroom cultivation house, reducing the overall operating time of inlet fan, outlet fan, and humidifier is needed, and managing the internal environment with unit cooler and air circulation fan appropriately is essential. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20circulation%20fan" title="air circulation fan">air circulation fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-layered%20shelves%20cultivation" title=" multi-layered shelves cultivation"> multi-layered shelves cultivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oyster%20mushroom%20cultivation%20house" title=" oyster mushroom cultivation house"> oyster mushroom cultivation house</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86845/the-study-on-enhanced-micro-climate-of-the-oyster-mushroom-cultivation-house-with-multi-layered-shelves-by-using-computational-fluid-dynamics-analysis-in-winter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86845.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4252</span> Numerical Simulation of the Heat Transfer Process in a Double Pipe Heat Exchanger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20I.%20Corcoles">J. I. Corcoles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20D.%20Moya-Rico"> J. D. Moya-Rico</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Molina"> A. Molina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20F.%20Belmonte"> J. F. Belmonte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20A.%20Almendros-Ibanez"> J. A. Almendros-Ibanez </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most common heat exchangers technology in engineering processes is the use of double-pipe heat exchangers (DPHx), mainly in the food industry. To improve the heat transfer performance, several passive geometrical devices can be used, such as the wall corrugation of tubes, which increases the wet perimeter maintaining a constant cross-section area, increasing consequently the convective surface area. It contributes to enhance heat transfer in forced convection, promoting secondary recirculating flows. One of the most extended tools to analyse heat exchangers' efficiency is the use of computational fluid dynamic techniques (CFD), a complementary activity to the experimental studies as well as a previous step for the design of heat exchangers. In this study, a double pipe heat exchanger behaviour with two different inner tubes, smooth and spirally corrugated tube, have been analysed. Hence, experimental analysis and steady 3-D numerical simulations using the commercial code ANSYS Workbench v. 17.0 are carried out to analyse the influence of geometrical parameters for spirally corrugated tubes at turbulent flow. To validate the numerical results, an experimental setup has been used. To heat up or cool down the cold fluid as it passes through the heat exchanger, the installation includes heating and cooling loops served by an electric boiler with a heating capacity of 72 kW and a chiller, with a cooling capacity of 48 kW. Two tests have been carried out for the smooth tube and for the corrugated one. In all the tests, the hot fluid has a constant flowrate of 50 l/min and inlet temperature of 59.5°C. For the cold fluid, the flowrate range from 25 l/min (Test 1) and 30 l/min (Test 2) with an inlet temperature of 22.1°C. The heat exchanger is made of stainless steel, with an external diameter of 35 mm and wall thickness of 1.5 mm. Both inner tubes have an external diameter of 24 mm and 1 mm thickness of stainless steel with a length of 2.8 m. The corrugated tube has a corrugation height (H) of 1.1 mm and helical pitch (P) of 25 mm. It is characterized using three non-dimensional parameters, the ratio of the corrugation shape and the diameter (H/D), the helical pitch (P/D) and the severity index (SI = H²/P x D). The results showed good agreement between the numerical and the experimental results. Hence, the lowest differences were shown for the fluid temperatures. In all the analysed tests and for both analysed tubes, the temperature obtained numerically was slightly higher than the experimental results, with values ranged between 0.1% and 0.7%. Regarding the pressure drop, the maximum differences between the values obtained numerically, and the experimental values were close to 16%. Based on the experimental and the numerical results, for the corrugated tube, it can be highlighted that the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the cold fluid is 42%, higher than the smooth tube. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrugated%20tube" title="corrugated tube">corrugated tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20exchanger" title=" heat exchanger"> heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20simulation" title=" numerical simulation"> numerical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104108/numerical-simulation-of-the-heat-transfer-process-in-a-double-pipe-heat-exchanger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4251</span> Effects of ECCS on the Cold-Leg Fluid Temperature during SGTR Accidents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadashi%20Watanabe">Tadashi Watanabe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The LSTF experiment simulating the SGTR accident at the Mihama Unit-2 reactor is analyzed using the RELAP5/MOD3.3 code. In the accident and thus in the experiment, the ECC water was injected not only into the cold legs but into the upper plenum. Overall transients during the experiment such as pressures and fluid temperatures are simulated well by the code. The cold-leg fluid temperatures are shown to decrease if the upper plenum injection system is connected to the cold leg. It is found that the cold-leg fluid temperatures also decrease if the upper-plenum injection is not used and the cold-leg injection alone is actuated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SGTR" title="SGTR">SGTR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSTF" title=" LSTF"> LSTF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RELAP5" title=" RELAP5"> RELAP5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ECCS" title=" ECCS"> ECCS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30723/effects-of-eccs-on-the-cold-leg-fluid-temperature-during-sgtr-accidents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">675</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4250</span> Investigation of Enhanced Geothermal System with CO2 as Working Fluid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruina%20Xu">Ruina Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peixue%20Jiang"> Peixue Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feng%20Luo"> Feng Luo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The novel concept of enhanced geothermal system with CO2 instead of water as working fluid (CO2-EGS) has attracted wide attention due to additional benefit of CO2 geological storage during the power generation process. In this research, numerical investigation on a doublet CO2-EGS system is performed, focusing on the influence of the injection/production well perforation location in the targeted geothermal reservoir. Three different reservoir inlet and outlet boundary conditions are used in simulations since the well constrains are different in reality. The results show that CO2-EGS system performance of power generation and power cost vary greatly among cases of different wells perforation locations, and the optimum options under different boundary conditions are also different. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enhanced%20Geothermal%20System" title="Enhanced Geothermal System">Enhanced Geothermal System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical%20CO2" title=" supercritical CO2"> supercritical CO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2-EGS" title=" CO2-EGS"> CO2-EGS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2713/investigation-of-enhanced-geothermal-system-with-co2-as-working-fluid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4249</span> Experimental and Computational Investigation of Flow Field and Thermal Behavior of a Mechanical Seal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Shokouhmand">Hossein Shokouhmand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoomeh%20Shadab"> Masoomeh Shadab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohallah%20Torabi"> Rohallah Torabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turbulent flow inside the seal chamber of a pump operating at nearly high Reynolds number is investigated. A comparison of a 3-D computational model for flow and thermal analysis of a mechanical seal with experimental thermal results is presented. The computational model adequately predicts the flow field in the seal chamber and thermal characteristics with the rotating and stationary rings and the twister flow around the seal parts by solving N-S and energy equations in ANSYS-CFX software. The Reynolds stress model (RSM) is applied as a turbulence model for this purpose. Experimental work is discussed which quantifies the temperature of five different points of the working fluid in chamber, mass flow at inlet and the fluid pressure at inlet and outlet. Experimental measurements are combined with computational modeling to obtain local and average heat transfer characteristics. Numerical results of three cases including different flush rates are reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20seal" title="mechanical seal">mechanical seal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD_CFX" title=" CFD_CFX"> CFD_CFX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reynolds%20stress%20model" title=" reynolds stress model"> reynolds stress model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20field" title=" flow field"> flow field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20analysis" title=" heat transfer analysis"> heat transfer analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stream%20line" title=" stream line"> stream line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer%20coefficient" title=" heat transfer coefficient"> heat transfer coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20flux" title=" heat flux"> heat flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nusselt" title=" nusselt"> nusselt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2394/experimental-and-computational-investigation-of-flow-field-and-thermal-behavior-of-a-mechanical-seal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4248</span> Sheathless, Viscoelastic Circulating Tumor Cell Separation Using Closed-Loop Microfluidics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyunjung%20Lim">Hyunjung Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeonghun%20Nam"> Jeonghun Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyuk%20Choi"> Hyuk Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-throughput separation is an essential technique for cancer research and diagnosis. Here, we propose a viscoelastic microfluidic device for sheathless, high-throughput isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from white blood cells. Here, we demonstrate a viscoelastic method for separation and concentration of CTCs using closed-loop microfluidics. Our device is a rectangular straight channel with a low aspect ratio. Also, to achieve high-efficiency, high-throughput processing, we used a polymer solution with low viscosity. At the inlet, CTCs and white blood cells (WBCs) were randomly injected into the microchannel. Due to the viscoelasticity-induced lateral migration to the equilibrium positions, large CTCs could be collected from the side outlet while small WBCs were removed at the center outlet. By recirculating the collected CTCs from the side outlet back to the sample reservoir, continuous separation and concentration of CTCs could be achieved with high separation efficiency (~ 99%). We believe that our device has the potential to be applied in resource-limited clinical settings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circulating%20tumor%20cell" title="circulating tumor cell">circulating tumor cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=closed-loop%20microfluidics" title=" closed-loop microfluidics"> closed-loop microfluidics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentration" title=" concentration"> concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscoelastic%20fluid" title=" viscoelastic fluid"> viscoelastic fluid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90891/sheathless-viscoelastic-circulating-tumor-cell-separation-using-closed-loop-microfluidics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4247</span> Cavitating Flow through a Venturi Using Computational Fluid Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imane%20Benghalia">Imane Benghalia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Zamoum"> Mohammed Zamoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Boucetta"> Rachid Boucetta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrodynamic cavitation is a complex physical phenomenon that appears in hydraulic systems (pumps, turbines, valves, Venturi tubes, etc.) when the fluid pressure decreases below the saturated vapor pressure. The works carried out in this study aimed to get a better understanding of the cavitating flow phenomena. For this, we have numerically studied a cavitating bubbly flow through a Venturi nozzle. The cavitation model is selected and solved using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The obtained results show the effect of the inlet pressure (10, 7, 5, and 2 bars) of the Venturi on pressure, the velocity of the fluid flow, and the vapor fraction. We found that the inlet pressure of the Venturi strongly affects the evolution of the pressure, velocity, and vapor fraction formation in the cavitating flow. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cavitating%20flow" title="cavitating flow">cavitating flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change" title=" phase change"> phase change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=venturi" title=" venturi"> venturi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166565/cavitating-flow-through-a-venturi-using-computational-fluid-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4246</span> On the Catalytic Combustion Behaviors of CH4 in a MCFC Power Generation System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Young%20Kim">Man Young Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Catalytic combustion is generally accepted as an environmentally preferred alternative for the generation of heat and power from fossil fuels mainly due to its advantages related to the stable combustion under very lean conditions with low emissions of NOx, CO, and UHC at temperatures lower than those occurred in conventional flame combustion. Despite these advantages, the commercial application of catalytic combustion has been delayed because of complicated reaction processes and the difficulty in developing appropriate catalysts with the required stability and durability. To develop the catalytic combustors, detailed studies on the combustion characteristics of catalytic combustion should be conducted. To the end, in current research, quantitative studies on the combustion characteristics of the catalytic combustors, with a Pd-based catalyst for MCFC power generation systems, relying on numerical simulations have been conducted. In addition, data from experimental studies of variations in outlet temperatures and fuel conversion, taken after operating conditions have been used to validate the present numerical approach. After introducing the governing equations for mass, momentum, and energy equations as well as a description of catalytic combustion kinetics, the effects of the excess air ratio, space velocity, and inlet gas temperature on the catalytic combustion characteristics are extensively investigated. Quantitative comparisons are also conducted with previous experimental data. Finally, some concluding remarks are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalytic%20combustion" title="catalytic combustion">catalytic combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane" title=" methane"> methane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BOP" title=" BOP"> BOP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCFC%20power%20generation%20system" title=" MCFC power generation system"> MCFC power generation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inlet%20temperature" title=" inlet temperature"> inlet temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excess%20air%20ratio" title=" excess air ratio"> excess air ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20velocity" title=" space velocity"> space velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6178/on-the-catalytic-combustion-behaviors-of-ch4-in-a-mcfc-power-generation-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4245</span> Flow Analysis for Different Pelton Turbine Bucket by Applying Computation Fluid Dynamic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedat%20Yayla">Sedat Yayla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azhin%20Abdullah"> Azhin Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the process of constructing hydroelectric power plants, the Pelton turbine, which is characterized by its simple manufacturing and construction, is performed in high head and low water flow. Parameters of the turbine have to be comprised in the designing process for obtaining hydraulic turbine with the highest efficiency during different operating conditions. The present investigation applied three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In addition, the bucket of Pelton turbine models with different splitter angle and inlet velocity values were examined for determining the force and visualizing the flow pattern on the bucket. The study utilized two diverse bucket models at various inlet velocities (20, 25, 30,35and 40m/s) and four different splitter angles (55, 75,90and 115 degree) for finding out the impacts of every single parameter on the effective force on the bucket. The acquired outcomes revealed that there is a linear relationship between force and inlet velocity on the bucket. Furthermore, the results also uncovered that the relationship between splitter angle and force on the bucket is linear until 90 degree. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bucket%20design" title="bucket design">bucket design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics%20%28CFD%29" title=" computational fluid dynamics (CFD)"> computational fluid dynamics (CFD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20surface%20flow" title=" free surface flow"> free surface flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-phase%20flow" title=" two-phase flow"> two-phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20of%20fluid%20%28VOF%29" title=" volume of fluid (VOF)"> volume of fluid (VOF)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74893/flow-analysis-for-different-pelton-turbine-bucket-by-applying-computation-fluid-dynamic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4244</span> Experimental Validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics Used for Pharyngeal Flow Patterns during Obstructive Sleep Apnea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pragathi%20Gurumurthy">Pragathi Gurumurthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Hagen"> Christina Hagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Ulloa"> Patricia Ulloa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20A.%20Koch"> Martin A. Koch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thorsten%20M.%20Buzug"> Thorsten M. Buzug</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder where the patient suffers a disturbed airflow during sleep due to partial or complete occlusion of the pharyngeal airway. Recently, numerical simulations have been used to better understand the mechanism of pharyngeal collapse. However, to gain confidence in the solutions so obtained, an experimental validation is required. Therefore, in this study an experimental validation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) used for the study of human pharyngeal flow patterns during OSA is performed. A stationary incompressible Navier-Stokes equation solved using the finite element method was used to numerically study the flow patterns in a computed tomography-based human pharynx model. The inlet flow rate was set to 250 ml/s and such that a flat profile was maintained at the inlet. The outlet pressure was set to 0 Pa. The experimental technique used for the validation of CFD of fluid flow patterns is phase contrast-MRI (PC-MRI). Using the same computed tomography data of the human pharynx as in the simulations, a phantom for the experiment was 3 D printed. Glycerol (55.27% weight) in water was used as a test fluid at 25°C. Inflow conditions similar to the CFD study were simulated using an MRI compatible flow pump (CardioFlow-5000MR, Shelley Medical Imaging Technologies). The entire experiment was done on a 3 T MR system (Ingenia, Philips) with 108 channel body coil using an RF-spoiled, gradient echo sequence. A comparison of the axial velocity obtained in the pharynx from the numerical simulations and PC-MRI shows good agreement. The region of jet impingement and recirculation also coincide, therefore validating the numerical simulations. Hence, the experimental validation proves the reliability and correctness of the numerical simulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20validation" title=" experimental validation"> experimental validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20contrast-MRI" title=" phase contrast-MRI"> phase contrast-MRI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obstructive%20sleep%20apnea" title=" obstructive sleep apnea"> obstructive sleep apnea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67911/experimental-validation-of-computational-fluid-dynamics-used-for-pharyngeal-flow-patterns-during-obstructive-sleep-apnea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4243</span> Theoretical Analysis of Performance Parameters of a Microchannel Heat Exchanger</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shreyas%20Kotian">Shreyas Kotian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nishant%20Jainm"> Nishant Jainm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nachiket%20Methekar"> Nachiket Methekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The increase in energy demands in various industrial sectors has called for devices small in size with high heat transfer rates. Microchannel heat exchangers (MCHX) have thus been studied and applied in various fields such as thermal engineering, aerospace engineering and nanoscale heat transfer. They have been a case of investigation due to their augmented thermal characteristics and low-pressure drop. The goal of the current investigation is to analyze the thermohydraulic performance of the heat exchanger analytically. Studies are done for various inlet conditions and flow conditions. At Thi of 90°C, the effectiveness increased by about 22% for an increase in Re from 1000 to 5000 of the cold fluid. It was also observed that at Re = 5000 for the hot fluid, the heat recovered by the hot fluid increases by about 69% for an increase in inlet temperature of the hot fluid from 50°C to 70°C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theoretical%20analysis" title="theoretical analysis">theoretical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20parameters" title=" performance parameters"> performance parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microchannel%20heat%20exchanger" title=" microchannel heat exchanger"> microchannel heat exchanger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reynolds%20number" title=" Reynolds number"> Reynolds number</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142967/theoretical-analysis-of-performance-parameters-of-a-microchannel-heat-exchanger" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4242</span> Design, Numerical Simulation, Fabrication and Physical Experimentation of the Tesla’s Cohesion Type Bladeless Turbine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.Sivaramakrishnaiah">M.Sivaramakrishnaiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20S%20.Nasan"> D. S .Nasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20V.%20Subhanjeneyulu"> P. V. Subhanjeneyulu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20A.%20Sandeep%20Kumar"> J. A. Sandeep Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Sreenivasulu"> N. Sreenivasulu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20V.%20Amarnath%20Reddy"> B. V. Amarnath Reddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Veeralingam"> B. Veeralingam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Design, numerical simulation, fabrication, and physical experimentation of the Tesla’s Bladeless centripetal turbine for generating electrical power are presented in this research paper. 29 Pressurized air combined with water via a nozzle system is made to pass tangentially through a set of parallel smooth discs surfaces, which impart rotational motion to the discs fastened common shaft for the power generation. The power generated depends upon the fluid speed parameter leaving the nozzle inlet. Physically due to laminar boundary layer phenomena at smooth disc surface, the high speed fluid layers away from the plate moving against the low speed fluid layers nearer to the plate develop a tangential drag from the viscous shear forces. This compels the nearer layers to drag along with the high layers causing the disc to spin. Solid Works design software and fluid mechanics and machine elements design theories was used to compute mechanical design specifications of turbine parts like 48 mm diameter discs, common shaft, central exhaust, plenum chamber, swappable nozzle inlets, etc. Also, ANSYS CFX 2018 was used for the numerical 2 simulation of the physical phenomena encountered in the turbine working. When various numerical simulation and physical experimental results were verified, there is good agreement between them 6, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The sources of input and size of the blades may affect the power generated and turbine efficiency, respectively. The results may change if there is a change in the fluid flowing between the discs. The inlet fluid pressure versus turbine efficiency and the number of discs versus turbine power studies based on both results were carried out to develop the 8 relationships between the inlet and outlet parameters of the turbine. The present research work obtained the turbine efficiency in the range of 7-10%, and for this range; the electrical power output generated was 50-60 W. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tesla%20turbine" title="tesla turbine">tesla turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion%20type%20bladeless%20turbine" title=" cohesion type bladeless turbine"> cohesion type bladeless turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20layer%20theory" title=" boundary layer theory"> boundary layer theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion%20type%20bladeless%20turbine" title=" cohesion type bladeless turbine"> cohesion type bladeless turbine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tangential%20fluid%20flow" title=" tangential fluid flow"> tangential fluid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20and%20adhesive%20forces" title=" viscous and adhesive forces"> viscous and adhesive forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plenum%20chamber" title=" plenum chamber"> plenum chamber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pico%20hydro%20systems" title=" pico hydro systems"> pico hydro systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156844/design-numerical-simulation-fabrication-and-physical-experimentation-of-the-teslas-cohesion-type-bladeless-turbine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4241</span> Best Practices and Recommendations for CFD Simulation of Hydraulic Spool Valves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my%20Philippe">Jérémy Philippe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucien%20Baldas"> Lucien Baldas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Batoul%20Attar"> Batoul Attar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Charles%20Mare"> Jean-Charles Mare</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The proposed communication deals with the research and development of a rotary direct-drive servo valve for aerospace applications. A key challenge of the project is to downsize the electromagnetic torque motor by reducing the torque required to drive the rotary spool. It is intended to optimize the spool and the sleeve geometries by combining a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach with commercial optimization software. The present communication addresses an important phase of the project, which consists firstly of gaining confidence in the simulation results. It is well known that the force needed to pilot a sliding spool valve comes from several physical effects: hydraulic forces, friction and inertia/mass of the moving assembly. Among them, the flow force is usually a major contributor to the steady-state (or Root Mean Square) driving torque. In recent decades, CFD has gradually become a standard simulation tool for studying fluid-structure interactions. However, in the particular case of high-pressure valve design, the authors have experienced that the calculated overall hydraulic force depends on the parameterization and options used to build and run the CFD model. To solve this issue, the authors have selected the standard case of the linear spool valve, which is addressed in detail in numerous scientific references (analytical models, experiments, CFD simulations). The first CFD simulations run by the authors have shown that the evolution of the equivalent discharge coefficient vs. Reynolds number at the metering orifice corresponds well to the values that can be predicted by the classical analytical models. Oppositely, the simulated flow force was found to be quite different from the value calculated analytically. This drove the authors to investigate minutely the influence of the studied domain and the setting of the CFD simulation. It was firstly shown that the flow recirculates in the inlet and outlet channels if their length is not sufficient regarding their hydraulic diameter. The dead volume on the uncontrolled orifice side also plays a significant role. These examples highlight the influence of the geometry of the fluid domain considered. The second action was to investigate the influence of the type of mesh, the turbulence models and near-wall approaches, and the numerical solver and discretization scheme order. Two approaches were used to determine the overall hydraulic force acting on the moving spool. First, the force was deduced from the momentum balance on a control domain delimited by the valve inlet and outlet and the spool walls. Second, the overall hydraulic force was calculated from the integral of pressure and shear forces acting at the boundaries of the fluid domain. This underlined the significant contribution of the viscous forces acting on the spool between the inlet and outlet orifices, which are generally not considered in the literature. This also emphasized the influence of the choices made for the implementation of CFD calculation and results analysis. With the step-by-step process adopted to increase confidence in the CFD simulations, the authors propose a set of best practices and recommendations for the efficient use of CFD to design high-pressure spool valves. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20forces" title=" hydraulic forces"> hydraulic forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=servovalve" title=" servovalve"> servovalve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rotary%20servovalve" title=" rotary servovalve"> rotary servovalve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186559/best-practices-and-recommendations-for-cfd-simulation-of-hydraulic-spool-valves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4240</span> Evaluation of Solid-Gas Separation Efficiency in Natural Gas Cyclones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20I.%20Mazyan">W. I. Mazyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ahmadi"> A. Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hoorfar"> M. Hoorfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives/Scope: This paper proposes a mathematical model for calculating the solid-gas separation efficiency in cyclones. This model provides better agreement with experimental results compared to existing mathematical models. Methods: The separation ratio efficiency, ϵsp, is evaluated by calculating the outlet to inlet count ratio. Similar to mathematical derivations in the literature, the inlet and outlet particle count were evaluated based on Eulerian approach. The model also includes the external forces acting on the particle (i.e., centrifugal and drag forces). In addition, the proposed model evaluates the exact length that the particle travels inside the cyclone for the evaluation of number of turns inside the cyclone. The separation efficiency model derivation using Stoke’s law considers the effect of the inlet tangential velocity on the separation performance. In cyclones, the inlet velocity is a very important factor in determining the performance of the cyclone separation. Therefore, the proposed model provides accurate estimation of actual cyclone separation efficiency. Results/Observations/Conclusion: The separation ratio efficiency, ϵsp, is studied to evaluate the performance of the cyclone for particles ranging from 1 microns to 10 microns. The proposed model is compared with the results in the literature. It is shown that the proposed mathematical model indicates an error of 7% between its efficiency and the efficiency obtained from the experimental results for 1 micron particles. At the same time, the proposed model gives the user the flexibility to analyze the separation efficiency at different inlet velocities. Additive Information: The proposed model determines the separation efficiency accurately and could also be used to optimize the separation efficiency of cyclones at low cost through trial and error testing, through dimensional changes to enhance separation and through increasing the particle centrifugal forces. Ultimately, the proposed model provides a powerful tool to optimize and enhance existing cyclones at low cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclone%20efficiency" title="cyclone efficiency">cyclone efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid-gas%20separation" title=" solid-gas separation"> solid-gas separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=models%20error%20comparison" title=" models error comparison"> models error comparison</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37244/evaluation-of-solid-gas-separation-efficiency-in-natural-gas-cyclones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4239</span> Development of Surface Modification Technology for Control Element Drive Mechanism Nozzle and Fatigue Enhancement of Ni-Based Alloys</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Auezhan%20Amanov">Auezhan Amanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inho%20Cho"> Inho Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Sik%20Pyun"> Young-Sik Pyun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Control element drive mechanism (CEDM) nozzle is manufactured as welded on the reactor vessel and currently uses Alloy 690 material. The top of the reactor is equipped with about 100 CEDM nozzles with an internal diameter of about 70 mm. Relatively large Inlet/Outlet nozzles are equipped with two outlet nozzles and four inlet nozzles on the reactor wall. The inner diameter of the nozzle is vulnerable to stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and in order to solve this problem, an ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) treatment is performed on the inner diameter of the nozzle and the weld surface. The ultimate goal is to improve the service life of parts by applying compressive residual stress and suppressing primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC). The main purpose is to design and fabricate a UNSM treatment device for the internal diameter processing of CEDM nozzles and inlet/outlet nozzles. In order to develop the system, the basic technology such as the development of UNSM tooling is developed and the mechanical properties and fatigue performance of before and after UNSM treatment of reactor nozzle material made of Ni-based alloys using the specimen are compared and evaluated. The inner diameter of the nozzle was treated by a newly developed UNSM treatment under the optimized treatment parameters. It was found that the mechanical properties and fatigue performance of nozzle were improved in comparison with the untreated nozzle, which may be attributed to the increase in hardness, induced compressive residual stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20element%20drive%20mechanism%20nozzle" title="control element drive mechanism nozzle">control element drive mechanism nozzle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni-based%20alloy" title=" Ni-based alloy"> Ni-based alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20nanocrystal%20surface%20modification" title=" ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification"> ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UNSM" title=" UNSM"> UNSM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112191/development-of-surface-modification-technology-for-control-element-drive-mechanism-nozzle-and-fatigue-enhancement-of-ni-based-alloys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4238</span> Conjugate Heat Transfer Analysis of a Combustion Chamber using ANSYS Computational Fluid Dynamics to Estimate the Thermocouple Positioning in a Chamber Wall</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muzna%20Tariq">Muzna Tariq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihtzaz%20Qamar"> Ihtzaz Qamar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In most engineering cases, the working temperatures inside a combustion chamber are high enough that they lie beyond the operational range of thermocouples. Furthermore, design and manufacturing limitations restrict the use of internal thermocouples in many applications. Heat transfer inside a combustion chamber is caused due to interaction of the post-combustion hot fluid with the chamber wall. Heat transfer that involves an interaction between the fluid and solid is categorized as Conjugate Heat Transfer (CHT). Therefore, to satisfy the needs of CHT, CHT Analysis is performed by using ANSYS CFD tool to estimate theoretically precise thermocouple positions at the combustion chamber wall where excessive temperatures (beyond thermocouple range) can be avoided. In accordance with these Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results, a combustion chamber is designed, and a prototype is manufactured with multiple thermocouple ports positioned at the specified distances so that the temperature of hot gases can be measured on the chamber wall where the temperatures do not exceed the thermocouple working range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conduction" title=" conduction"> conduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20heat%20transfer" title=" conjugate heat transfer"> conjugate heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convection" title=" convection"> convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20flow" title=" fluid flow"> fluid flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermocouples" title=" thermocouples "> thermocouples </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132074/conjugate-heat-transfer-analysis-of-a-combustion-chamber-using-ansys-computational-fluid-dynamics-to-estimate-the-thermocouple-positioning-in-a-chamber-wall" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4237</span> Optimization of an Electro-Submersible Pump for Crude Oil Extraction Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deisy%20Becerra">Deisy Becerra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicolas%20Rios"> Nicolas Rios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20Asuaje"> Miguel Asuaje</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) is one of the most artificial lifting methods used in the last years, which consists of a serial arrangement of centrifugal pumps. One of the main concerns when handling crude oil is the formation of O/W or W/O (oil/water or water/oil) emulsions inside the pump, due to the shear rate imparted and the presence of high molecular weight substances that act as natural surfactants. Therefore, it is important to perform an analysis of the flow patterns inside the pump to increase the percentage of oil recovered using the centrifugal force and the difference in density between the oil and the water to generate the separation of liquid phases. For this study, a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model was developed on STAR-CCM+ software based on 3D geometry of a Franklin Electric 4400 4' four-stage ESP. In this case, the modification of the last stage was carried out to improve the centrifugal effect inside the pump, and a perforated double tube was designed with three different holes configurations disposed at the outlet section, through which the cut water flows. The arrangement of holes used has different geometrical configurations such as circles, rectangles, and irregular shapes determined as grating around the tube. The two-phase flow was modeled using an Eulerian approach with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method, which predicts the distribution and movement of larger interfaces in immiscible phases. Different water-oil compositions were evaluated, such as 70-30% v/v, 80-20% v/v and 90-10% v/v, respectively. Finally, greater recovery of oil was obtained. For the several compositions evaluated, the volumetric oil fraction was greater than 0.55 at the pump outlet. Similarly, it is possible to show an inversely proportional relationship between the Water/Oil rate (WOR) and the volumetric flow. The volumetric fractions evaluated, the oil flow increased approximately between 41%-10% for circular perforations and 49%-19% for rectangular shaped perforations, regarding the inlet flow. Besides, the elimination of the pump diffuser in the last stage of the pump reduced the head by approximately 20%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamic" title="computational fluid dynamic">computational fluid dynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title=" CFD"> CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20submersible%20pump" title=" electrical submersible pump"> electrical submersible pump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESP" title=" ESP"> ESP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20phase%20flow" title=" two phase flow"> two phase flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volume%20of%20fluid" title=" volume of fluid"> volume of fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VOF" title=" VOF"> VOF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%2Foil%20rate" title=" water/oil rate"> water/oil rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WOR" title=" WOR"> WOR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126003/optimization-of-an-electro-submersible-pump-for-crude-oil-extraction-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20outlet%20and%20inlet%20temperatures&page=2">2</a></li> <li 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