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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Photo_7-9-2024%2C_2_14_25_PM.jpg/220px-Photo_7-9-2024%2C_2_14_25_PM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Photo_7-9-2024%2C_2_14_25_PM.jpg/330px-Photo_7-9-2024%2C_2_14_25_PM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Photo_7-9-2024%2C_2_14_25_PM.jpg/440px-Photo_7-9-2024%2C_2_14_25_PM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="3564" /></a><figcaption>4 volumes of The New Grove Dictionary of Opera</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>The New Grove Dictionary of Opera</b></i> is an <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a> of <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a>. It is the largest work on opera in English, and in its printed form, amounts to 5,448 pages in four volumes.<sup id="cite_ref-Holland_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holland-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rosen_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The dictionary was first published in 1992 by <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Reference_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Macmillan Reference Books">Macmillan Reference</a>, London, and edited by <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Sadie" title="Stanley Sadie">Stanley Sadie</a>. Christina Bashford was the managing editor.<sup id="cite_ref-Zaslaw_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zaslaw-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While some entries were based on their equivalent entry in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians" title="The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians">The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians</a></i>, most were specially commissioned.<sup id="cite_ref-Duffie_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Duffie-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The work contains contributions from over 1,300 scholars, with 11,000 articles in total, covering over 2,900 composers and 1800 operas.<sup id="cite_ref-Sadie_1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sadie_1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The operas discussed range from the earliest operas in 16th century Italy to the 1992 <a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a> work <i><a href="/wiki/The_Voyage_(opera)" title="The Voyage (opera)">The Voyage</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zaslaw_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zaslaw-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The final volume includes four appendices: an index of principal role names in 850 notable operas; an index of <a href="/wiki/Incipit" title="Incipit">incipits</a> of <a href="/wiki/Aria" title="Aria">arias</a> and <a href="/wiki/Musical_ensemble" title="Musical ensemble">ensembles</a> (first line only, no musical examples); a list of contributors; and illustration acknowledgements.<sup id="cite_ref-Sadie_4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sadie_4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Simon_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Simon-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1997, the dictionary was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> and reprinted.<sup id="cite_ref-Salaman_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Salaman-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OUP2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OUP2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dictionary was originally available online in a web version of its original form<sup id="cite_ref-Fairtile_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fairtile-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but has now been merged as part of Oxford's <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians#Grove_Music_Online_and_Oxford_Music_Online" title="The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians"> Grove Music Online</a></i> which comprises the range of Grove Dictionary titles with some ongoing revisions.<sup id="cite_ref-OUP_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OUP-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_Grove_Dictionary_of_Opera&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Holland-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Holland_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHolland1993" class="citation news cs1">Holland, Bernard (January 2, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE7D81F38F931A35752C0A965958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=print">"Grove Opera Dictionary Can Make Experts Of Dilettante and Pro"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Grove+Opera+Dictionary+Can+Make+Experts+Of+Dilettante+and+Pro&rft.date=1993-01-02&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9F0CE7D81F38F931A35752C0A965958260%26sec%3D%26spon%3D%26pagewanted%3Dprint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rosen-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rosen_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosen1993" class="citation magazine cs1">Rosen, Charles (April 22, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/article-preview?article_id=2602">"Review: The New Grove Dictionary of Opera"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>. Vol. 40, no. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Review%3A+The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=8&rft.date=1993-04-22&rft.aulast=Rosen&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2Farticle-preview%3Farticle_id%3D2602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zaslaw-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zaslaw_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zaslaw_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZaslaw1994" class="citation journal cs1">Zaslaw, Neal (1994). "Review: The New Grove Dictionary of Opera". <i>The Musical Quarterly</i>. <b>78</b> (1): 149–158. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmq%2F78.1.149">10.1093/mq/78.1.149</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Musical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Review%3A+The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=149-158&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmq%2F78.1.149&rft.aulast=Zaslaw&rft.aufirst=Neal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Duffie-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Duffie_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuffie1992" class="citation web cs1">Duffie, Bruce (October 29, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bruceduffie.com/sadie.html">"Interview with Stanley Sadie"</a>. WNIB Classical 97 Radio, Chicago<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+Stanley+Sadie&rft.pub=WNIB+Classical+97+Radio%2C+Chicago&rft.date=1992-10-29&rft.aulast=Duffie&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bruceduffie.com%2Fsadie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sadie_1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_1_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSadie1992" class="citation book cs1">Sadie, Stanley (1992). <i>The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Volume One: A-D</i>. New York: Macmillan. p. xi-xxii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0333485521" title="Special:BookSources/0333485521"><bdi>0333485521</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera%2C+Volume+One%3A+A-D&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=xi-xxii&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0333485521&rft.aulast=Sadie&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sadie_4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sadie_4_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSadie1997" class="citation book cs1">Sadie, Stanley (1997). <i>The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Volume One: Roe-Z</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 1255-1331. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-976478-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-976478-5"><bdi>978-0-19-976478-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera%2C+Volume+One%3A+Roe-Z&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1255-1331&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-19-976478-5&rft.aulast=Sadie&rft.aufirst=Stanley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Simon-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Simon_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimon1993" class="citation magazine cs1">Simon, John (April 26, 1993). "Review: The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, 4 vols". <i><a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Review&rft.atitle=Review%3A+The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera%2C+4+vols.&rft.date=1993-04-26&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Salaman-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Salaman_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalaman1999" class="citation journal cs1">Salaman, William (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=34787">"Review: The New Grove Dictionary of Opera"</a>. <i>British Journal of Music Education</i>. <b>16</b>. Cambridge University Press: 97–110. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0265051799270179">10.1017/S0265051799270179</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Music+Education&rft.atitle=Review%3A+The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=97-110&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0265051799270179&rft.aulast=Salaman&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.cambridge.org%2Faction%2FdisplayAbstract%3FfromPage%3Donline%26aid%3D34787&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OUP2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OUP2_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-new-grove-dictionary-of-opera-9780195221862?cc=gb&lang=en&">"The New Grove Dictionary of Opera"</a>. <i>Oxford University Press</i>. Oxford University Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+University+Press&rft.atitle=The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobal.oup.com%2Facademic%2Fproduct%2Fthe-new-grove-dictionary-of-opera-9780195221862%3Fcc%3Dgb%26lang%3Den%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fairtile-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fairtile_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFairtile2003" class="citation journal cs1">Fairtile, Linda B. (Fall 2003). "Reviewed work(s): <i>The New Grove Dictionary of Music Online</i> by Laura Macy". <i>Journal of the American Musicological Society</i>. <b>56</b> (3): 748–754. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fjams.2003.56.3.748">10.1525/jams.2003.56.3.748</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3128793">3128793</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Musicological+Society&rft.atitle=Reviewed+work%28s%29%3A+The+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Music+Online+by+Laura+Macy&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=748-754&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fjams.2003.56.3.748&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3128793%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Fairtile&rft.aufirst=Linda+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+New+Grove+Dictionary+of+Opera" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OUP-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OUP_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/page/updating-grove/revising-grove-music-online">"Grove Music Online"</a>. <i>Oxford Music Online</i>. Oxford University Press<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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