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A Sea-Spell - Wikipedia

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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">A Sea-Spell</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_A_Sea-Spell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_A_Sea-Spell.jpg/250px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_A_Sea-Spell.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_A_Sea-Spell.jpg/375px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_A_Sea-Spell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_A_Sea-Spell.jpg/500px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_A_Sea-Spell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1785" data-file-height="2238" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Artist</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Dante Gabriel Rossetti">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Completion date</th><td class="infobox-data">1877</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oil_paint" title="Oil paint">Oil paint</a> on <a href="/wiki/Canvas" title="Canvas">canvas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">111.5&#160;cm&#32;×&#160;93&#160;cm&#32;(43.9&#160;in&#32;×&#160;37&#160;in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Art_Museums" title="Harvard Art Museums">Harvard Art Museums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Accession</th><td class="infobox-data">Gift of <a href="/wiki/Grenville_L._Winthrop" class="mw-redirect" title="Grenville L. Winthrop">Grenville L. Winthrop</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://harvardartmuseums.org/art/230614">harvardartmuseums<wbr />.org<wbr />/art<wbr />/230614</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>A Sea-Spell</b></i> is an <a href="/wiki/Oil_painting" title="Oil painting">oil painting</a> of 1877 and an accompanying <a href="/wiki/Sonnet" title="Sonnet">sonnet</a> of 1869 by the <a href="/wiki/English_art" title="English art">English</a> artist <a href="/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Dante Gabriel Rossetti">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</a>, depicting a <a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">siren</a> playing an instrument to lure sailors. It is now in the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Art_Museums" title="Harvard Art Museums">Harvard Art Museums</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Painting">Painting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Painting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Description">Description</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The painting depicts a <a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">siren</a> in human form playing a musical instrument "in a thoughtful reverie",<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">apples</a>, apple <a href="/wiki/Blossom" title="Blossom">blossoms</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Seagull" class="mw-redirect" title="Seagull">seagull</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Austern_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Austern-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The instrument being played has been described as a <a href="/wiki/Harp" title="Harp">harp</a><sup id="cite_ref-Austern_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Austern-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and as "somewhat related to the <a href="/wiki/Psaltery" title="Psaltery">psaltery</a>";<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> according to an analysis published in the journal <i>Music in Art</i>, it is an unusually short Japanese <a href="/wiki/Koto_(instrument)" title="Koto (instrument)">koto</a>, a traditional 13-stringed <a href="/wiki/Zither" title="Zither">zither</a>-like instrument.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The artist's brother <a href="/wiki/William_Michael_Rossetti" title="William Michael Rossetti">William Michael Rossetti</a> described the subject as "a Siren, or Sea-Fairy, whose lute summons a sea-bird to listen, and whose song will prove fatal to some fascinated mariner".<sup id="cite_ref-McGann_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Execution">Execution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Execution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_La_viuda_romana_(D%C3%AEs_Manibus).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_La_viuda_romana_%28D%C3%AEs_Manibus%29.jpg/220px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_La_viuda_romana_%28D%C3%AEs_Manibus%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_La_viuda_romana_%28D%C3%AEs_Manibus%29.jpg/330px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_La_viuda_romana_%28D%C3%AEs_Manibus%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_La_viuda_romana_%28D%C3%AEs_Manibus%29.jpg/440px-Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_La_viuda_romana_%28D%C3%AEs_Manibus%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1128" /></a><figcaption>Rossetti's <i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Widow_(Rossetti)" title="Roman Widow (Rossetti)">The Roman Widow</a></i> (1874), a work from the same period</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1873, Rossetti made a drawing of a sea-maiden playing an instrument, titled <i><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)#List_of_sirens" title="Siren (mythology)">Ligeia</a> Siren</i>, as a preliminary study for <i>A Sea-Spell</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Delphi_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delphi-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He had begun work on the painting itself by 18 August 1875.<sup id="cite_ref-Fredeman_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fredeman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> His brother wrote that Gabriel painted the work, along with another half-length figure painting called <i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Widow_(Rossetti)" title="Roman Widow (Rossetti)">The Roman Widow</a></i>, after his patron <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Richards_Leyland" title="Frederick Richards Leyland">Frederick Richards Leyland</a> "suggested" that he was interested in buying several such paintings. Leyland later denied making a commitment to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-Fredeman_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fredeman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The model was <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Wilding" title="Alexa Wilding">Alexa Wilding</a>, one of Rossetti's several muses.<sup id="cite_ref-Fredeman_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fredeman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i>A Sea-Spell</i> was a companion to <i><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Veronese" title="Veronica Veronese">Veronica Veronese</a></i>, for which Wilding also modeled.<sup id="cite_ref-Spence_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spence-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Agosta_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agosta-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Rossetti was assisted by an unidentified <a href="/wiki/Naturalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalist">naturalist</a> in finding and positioning the <a href="/wiki/Taxidermy" title="Taxidermy">stuffed</a> seagull used in the painting, which led to some delay.<sup id="cite_ref-Fredeman_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fredeman-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poem">Poem</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Poem"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rossetti wrote a <a href="/wiki/Sonnet" title="Sonnet">sonnet</a> in 1869 as a "double" of the painting completed years later, as he did for several other works in the same period.<sup id="cite_ref-McGann_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGann-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Johnston1969_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston1969-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The text of the poem is as follows: </p> <div class="poem"> <p>Her lute hangs shadowed in the apple-tree,<br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">While flashing fingers weave the sweet-strung spell</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">Between its chords; and as the wild notes swell,</span><br /> The sea-bird for those branches leaves the sea.<br /> But to what sound her listening ear stoops she?<br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">What netherworld gulf-whispers doth she hear,</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">In answering echoes from what planisphere,</span><br /> Along the wind, along the estuary?<br /> <br /> She sinks into her spell: and when full soon<br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">Her lips move and she soars into her song,</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">What creatures of the midmost main shall throng</span><br /> In furrowed surf-clouds to the summoning rune:<br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">Till he, the fated mariner, hears her cry,</span><br /> <span class="mw-poem-indented" style="display: inline-block; margin-inline-start: 1em;">And up her rock, bare-breasted, comes to die?<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span> </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_reception_and_analysis">Critical reception and analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Critical reception and analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Veronica_Veronese_DAM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Veronica_Veronese_DAM.jpg/220px-Veronica_Veronese_DAM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Veronica_Veronese_DAM.jpg/330px-Veronica_Veronese_DAM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Veronica_Veronese_DAM.jpg/440px-Veronica_Veronese_DAM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="994" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Veronese" title="Veronica Veronese">Veronica Veronese</a></i> (1872), another companion to <i>A Sea-Spell</i></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jerome_McGann" title="Jerome McGann">Jerome McGann</a> wrote that the painting is a "failure", caused by Rossetti's excessive intellectualizing of his work; previous critics suggested, to the contrary, that the work is flawed due to Rossetti's "slipshod" execution.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The scholar Helene E. Roberts wrote that the painting is one of a group of depictions of Rossetti's "ideal woman". She wrote that the iconic image of womanhood dominated Rossetti's "dream world", and that the painting is intended to evoke similar reveries in the viewer, citing its musical theme as a prompt for "indolent musing". She argued that, although the combination of daydreaming and womanhood in <i>A Sea-Spell</i> could be <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornographic</a>, Rossetti encourages more spiritual responses, emphasizing the subject's face and making her exposed arms "masculine, or at best matronly".<sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lucien Agosta argued that the piece illustrates a common theme in Rossetti's work, of Art as independent of – and triumphant over – <a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a>. He noted that Rossetti, in a letter, had written that the subject's song was a "magic lay" and that the sonnet describes unnatural "netherland gulf-whispers", and that the siren's attraction of a bird to listen to her song inverts the relationship of <i><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Veronese" title="Veronica Veronese">Veronica Veronese</a></i>, in which the musician is inspired by a bird.<sup id="cite_ref-Agosta_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agosta-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The painting was owned by Leyland, who may have acquired it from Rossetti, and was sold through <a href="/wiki/Christie%27s" title="Christie&#39;s">Christie's</a> in 1892. It was owned by <a href="/wiki/T._F._Wigley" class="mw-redirect" title="T. F. Wigley">T. F. Wigley</a>, David Croal Thomson, and <a href="/wiki/William_Lever,_2nd_Viscount_Leverhulme" title="William Lever, 2nd Viscount Leverhulme">William Hulme, Viscount Leverhulme</a>, who sold it in 1926 through <a href="/wiki/Anderson_Galleries" title="Anderson Galleries">Anderson Galleries</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>. Anderson Galleries sold it to another New York dealer, Scott &amp; Fowles, from whom the lawyer and art collector <a href="/wiki/Grenville_Lindall_Winthrop" title="Grenville Lindall Winthrop">Grenville L. Winthrop</a> purchased it in 1935. Winthrop donated the work to the <a href="/wiki/Fogg_Art_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Fogg Art Museum">Fogg Art Museum</a> of his <i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">alma mater</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, in 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-HAM_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAM-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>A Sea-Spell</i> was exhibited in a posthumous exhibition of Rossetti's work at the <a href="/wiki/Burlington_Fine_Arts_Club" title="Burlington Fine Arts Club">Burlington Fine Arts Club</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 1883; in the <a href="/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_South_Australia" title="Art Gallery of South Australia">National Gallery of South Australia</a>, on loan from Wigley, in 1899;<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> in a Rossetti-centered exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Spencer_Museum_of_Art" title="Spencer Museum of Art">University of Kansas Museum of Art</a> in 1958; at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Western_Art" title="National Museum of Western Art">National Museum of Western Art</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> in 2002; and as part of many Fogg Art Museum and Harvard Art Museums exhibitions. It is currently on display on the second floor of the Harvard Art Museums.<sup id="cite_ref-HAM_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAM-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="List of paintings by Dante Gabriel Rossetti">List of paintings by Dante Gabriel Rossetti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Roberts-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRoberts1974" class="citation journal cs1">Roberts, Helene E. (June 1974). "The Dream World of Dante Gabriel Rossetti". <i>Victorian Studies</i>. <b>17</b> (4): 376–377.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Victorian+Studies&amp;rft.atitle=The+Dream+World+of+Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti&amp;rft.volume=17&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=376-377&amp;rft.date=1974-06&amp;rft.aulast=Roberts&amp;rft.aufirst=Helene+E.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Austern-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Austern_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Austern_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAusternNaroditskaya2006" class="citation book cs1">Austern, Linda; Naroditskaya, Inna (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5IBSGG9YegwC"><i>Music of the Sirens</i></a>. Indiana University Press. pp.&#160;75–77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0253112079" title="Special:BookSources/0253112079"><bdi>0253112079</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Music+of+the+Sirens&amp;rft.pages=75-77&amp;rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=0253112079&amp;rft.aulast=Austern&amp;rft.aufirst=Linda&amp;rft.au=Naroditskaya%2C+Inna&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5IBSGG9YegwC&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wood-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wood_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2009" class="citation thesis cs1">Wood, Lorraine (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160822212449/https://books.google.fr/books?id=IyPS5sakxjkC&amp;pg=PA49&amp;dq=dante+gabriel+rossetti+sea+spell&amp;hl=fr&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0CF0Q6AEwCGoVChMIms2ik-nOxwIVQjk-Ch34WQCf#v=onepage&amp;q=sea%20spell&amp;f=false"><i>The Language of Music: Paradigms of Performance in Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Vernon Lee, James Joyce, and Virginia Woolf</i></a> (Ph.D. (English)). The University of Utah. p.&#160;49. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IyPS5sakxjkC&amp;q=sea+spell&amp;pg=PA49">the original</a> on 22 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&amp;rft.title=The+Language+of+Music%3A+Paradigms+of+Performance+in+Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti%2C+Vernon+Lee%2C+James+Joyce%2C+and+Virginia+Woolf&amp;rft.inst=The+University+of+Utah&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.aulast=Wood&amp;rft.aufirst=Lorraine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIyPS5sakxjkC%26q%3Dsea%2Bspell%26pg%3DPA49&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2005" class="citation journal cs1">Johnson, Henry (2005). "Dante Gabriel Rossetti and Japan: The Musical Instrument Depicted in "The Blue Bower" and "A Sea Spell"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Music in Art</i>. <b>30</b> (1–2): 145–153.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Music+in+Art&amp;rft.atitle=Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti+and+Japan%3A+The+Musical+Instrument+Depicted+in+%22The+Blue+Bower%22+and+%22A+Sea+Spell%22&amp;rft.volume=30&amp;rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&amp;rft.pages=145-153&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.aulast=Johnson&amp;rft.aufirst=Henry&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McGann-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McGann_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McGann_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDante_Gabriel_RossettiJerome_J._McGann2003" class="citation book cs1">Dante Gabriel Rossetti; Jerome J. McGann (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dbthC7tDYC4C&amp;pg=PA396"><i>Collected Poetry and Prose</i></a>. Yale University Press. p.&#160;396. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09802-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09802-0"><bdi>978-0-300-09802-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Collected+Poetry+and+Prose&amp;rft.pages=396&amp;rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-300-09802-0&amp;rft.au=Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti&amp;rft.au=Jerome+J.+McGann&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdbthC7tDYC4C%26pg%3DPA396&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Delphi-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Delphi_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDante_Gabriel_Rossetti2014" class="citation book cs1">Dante Gabriel Rossetti (2 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BPyzAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT760"><i>Delphi Complete Poetical Works of Dante Gabriel Rossetti (Illustrated)</i></a>. Delphi Classics. pp.&#160;760–61.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Delphi+Complete+Poetical+Works+of+Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti+%28Illustrated%29&amp;rft.pages=760-61&amp;rft.pub=Delphi+Classics&amp;rft.date=2014-06-02&amp;rft.au=Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBPyzAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT760&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fredeman-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fredeman_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fredeman_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fredeman_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fredeman_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDante_Gabriel_RossettiWilliam_Evan_Fredeman2002" class="citation book cs1">Dante Gabriel Rossetti; William Evan Fredeman (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=a8ciRhA1NPUC&amp;pg=PA638"><i>The Correspondence of Dante Gabriel Rossetti</i></a>. Boydell &amp; Brewer. pp.&#160;619, 638, 645. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84384-060-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84384-060-2"><bdi>978-1-84384-060-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Correspondence+of+Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti&amp;rft.pages=619%2C+638%2C+645&amp;rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-84384-060-2&amp;rft.au=Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti&amp;rft.au=William+Evan+Fredeman&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Da8ciRhA1NPUC%26pg%3DPA638&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spence-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Spence_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpence2013" class="citation book cs1">Spence, Cathryn (15 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ogFYAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA570">"Wilding, Alexa"</a>. In Jill Berk Jiminez (ed.). <i>Dictionary of Artists' Models</i>. Routledge. pp.&#160;570–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-95914-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-95914-2"><bdi>978-1-135-95914-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Wilding%2C+Alexa&amp;rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Artists%27+Models&amp;rft.pages=570-&amp;rft.pub=Routledge&amp;rft.date=2013-10-15&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-135-95914-2&amp;rft.aulast=Spence&amp;rft.aufirst=Cathryn&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DogFYAQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA570&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Agosta-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Agosta_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Agosta_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgosta1981" class="citation journal cs1">Agosta, Lucien L. (1981). "Animate Images: The Later Poem-Paintings of Dante Gabriel Rossetti". <i>Texas Studies in Literature and Language</i>. <b>23</b> (1). University of Texas Press: 78–101.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Texas+Studies+in+Literature+and+Language&amp;rft.atitle=Animate+Images%3A+The+Later+Poem-Paintings+of+Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti&amp;rft.volume=23&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=78-101&amp;rft.date=1981&amp;rft.aulast=Agosta&amp;rft.aufirst=Lucien+L.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnston1969-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Johnston1969_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_DeSales_Johnston1969" class="citation book cs1">Robert DeSales Johnston (1969). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dantegabrielross00john"><i>Dante Gabriel Rossetti</i></a></span>. Twayne Publishers. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dantegabrielross00john/page/105">105</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti&amp;rft.pages=105&amp;rft.pub=Twayne+Publishers&amp;rft.date=1969&amp;rft.au=Robert+DeSales+Johnston&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdantegabrielross00john&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rossetti &amp; McGann 2003, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dbthC7tDYC4C&amp;pg=PA192">192–193</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrith2003" class="citation journal cs1">Frith, Richard (2003). "Review: Rethinking Rossetti (review of "Dante Gabriel Rossetti and the Game that Must be Lost", by Jerome McGann)". <i>The Cambridge Quarterly</i>. <b>32</b> (1): 81–85. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fcamqtly%2F32.1.81">10.1093/camqtly/32.1.81</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Cambridge+Quarterly&amp;rft.atitle=Review%3A+Rethinking+Rossetti+%28review+of+%22Dante+Gabriel+Rossetti+and+the+Game+that+Must+be+Lost%22%2C+by+Jerome+McGann%29&amp;rft.volume=32&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=81-85&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fcamqtly%2F32.1.81&amp;rft.aulast=Frith&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HAM-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HAM_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAM_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarvard_Art_Museums_curatorial_staff" class="citation web cs1">Harvard Art Museums curatorial staff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/art/230614">"From the Harvard Art Museums' collections: A Sea-Spell"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=From+the+Harvard+Art+Museums%27+collections%3A+A+Sea-Spell&amp;rft.au=Harvard+Art+Museums+curatorial+staff&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.harvardartmuseums.org%2Fart%2F230614&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166447716">"Fair and Unfair"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Quiz_and_The_Lantern" class="mw-redirect" title="Quiz and The Lantern">Quiz and The Lantern</a></i>. Vol.&#160;X, no.&#160;501. South Australia. 27 April 1899. p.&#160;11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2018</span> &#8211; via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Quiz+and+The+Lantern&amp;rft.atitle=Fair+and+Unfair&amp;rft.volume=X&amp;rft.issue=501&amp;rft.pages=11&amp;rft.date=1899-04-27&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article166447716&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA+Sea-Spell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Sea-Spell&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40754635">Theoretical analysis of siren as mystic artist</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Template:Dante Gabriel Rossetti"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Template talk:Dante Gabriel Rossetti"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dante Gabriel Rossetti"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="Dante Gabriel Rossetti">Dante Gabriel Rossetti</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti" title="List of paintings by Dante Gabriel Rossetti">List of paintings</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Girlhood_of_Mary_Virgin" title="The Girlhood of Mary Virgin">The Girlhood of Mary Virgin</a></i> (1849)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecce_Ancilla_Domini" title="Ecce Ancilla Domini">Ecce Ancilla Domini</a></i> (1850)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Francesca_da_Rimini" title="Paolo and Francesca da Rimini">Paolo and Francesca da Rimini</a></i> (1855)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bocca_Baciata" title="Bocca Baciata">Bocca Baciata</a></i> (1859)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_Kissing_the_Sword_of_Deliverance" title="Joan of Arc Kissing the Sword of Deliverance">Joan of Arc Kissing the Sword of Deliverance</a></i> (1863)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Beloved_(Rossetti)" title="The Beloved (Rossetti)">The Beloved</a></i> (1865–1866)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monna_Vanna_(Rossetti)" title="Monna Vanna (Rossetti)">Monna Vanna</a></i> (1866)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Monna_Rosa" title="Monna Rosa">Monna Rosa</a></i> (1867)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venus_Verticordia_(Rossetti)" title="Venus Verticordia (Rossetti)">Venus Verticordia</a></i> (1864–1868)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pia_de%27_Tolomei_(Rossetti)" title="Pia de&#39; Tolomei (Rossetti)">Pia de' Tolomei</a></i> (c. 1868)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beata_Beatrix" title="Beata Beatrix">Beata Beatrix</a></i> (c. 1864–1870)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dante%27s_Dream" title="Dante&#39;s Dream">Dante's Dream</a></i> (1871)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Water_Willow_(Rossetti)" title="Water Willow (Rossetti)">Water Willow</a></i> (1871)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Veronica_Veronese" title="Veronica Veronese">Veronica Veronese</a></i> (1872)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lady_Lilith" title="Lady Lilith">Lady Lilith</a></i> (1866–1873)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Ghirlandata" title="La Ghirlandata">La Ghirlandata</a></i> (1873)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proserpine_(Rossetti)" title="Proserpine (Rossetti)">Proserpine</a></i> (1874)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Widow_(Rossetti)" title="Roman Widow (Rossetti)">Roman Widow</a></i> (1874)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">A Sea-Spell</a></i> (1877)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blessed_Damozel" title="The Blessed Damozel">The Blessed Damozel</a></i> (1875–1878)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Vision_of_Fiammetta" title="A Vision of Fiammetta">A Vision of Fiammetta</a></i> (1880)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_Dream_(Rossetti)" title="The Day Dream (Rossetti)">The Day Dream</a></i> (1880)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mnemosyne_(Rossetti)" title="Mnemosyne (Rossetti)">Mnemosyne</a></i> (1876–1881)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Found_(Rossetti)" title="Found (Rossetti)">Found</a></i> (1854–1881)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Murals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Union_murals" title="Oxford Union murals">Oxford Union murals</a> (with other artists, 1857–1859)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drawings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ligeia_Siren" title="Ligeia Siren">Ligeia Siren</a></i> (1873)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Siddal" title="Elizabeth Siddal">Elizabeth Siddal</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Polidori" title="Frances Polidori">Frances Polidori</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriele_Rossetti" title="Gabriele Rossetti">Gabriele Rossetti</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Francesca_Rossetti" title="Maria Francesca Rossetti">Maria Francesca Rossetti</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Michael_Rossetti" title="William Michael Rossetti">William Michael Rossetti</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_Rossetti" title="Christina Rossetti">Christina Rossetti</a> (sister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Polidori" title="Gaetano Polidori">Gaetano Polidori</a> (grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood">Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Germ_(periodical)" title="The Germ (periodical)">The Germ</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Club" title="Hogarth Club">Hogarth Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_%26_Co." title="Morris &amp; Co.">Morris &amp; Co.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tristram_and_Isoude_stained_glass_panels" title="Tristram and Isoude stained glass panels">Tristram and Isoude stained glass panels</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bookcase" title="Great Bookcase">Great Bookcase</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Damoiselle_%C3%A9lue" title="La Damoiselle élue">La Damoiselle élue</a></i> (1893 cantata)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rossetti_and_His_Circle" title="Rossetti and His Circle">Rossetti and His Circle</a></i> (1922 book)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dante%27s_Inferno_(1967_film)" title="Dante&#39;s Inferno (1967 film)">Dante's Inferno</a></i> (1967 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Love_School" title="The Love School">The Love School</a></i> (1975 miniseries)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desperate_Romantics" title="Desperate Romantics">Desperate Romantics</a></i> (2009 miniseries)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐qdzgg Cached time: 20241122172605 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.352 seconds Real time usage: 0.789 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1852/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 41644/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1399/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 59501/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.202/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8306989/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 409.399 1 -total 34.91% 142.913 1 Template:Reflist 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