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Kelvin - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definiția_kelvinului"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definiția kelvinului</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definiția_kelvinului-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefixele_kelvinului_în_SI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefixele_kelvinului_în_SI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Prefixele kelvinului în SI</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefixele_kelvinului_în_SI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Formule_de_recalculare_a_temperaturii_exprimate_în_kelvin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formule_de_recalculare_a_temperaturii_exprimate_în_kelvin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Formule de recalculare a temperaturii exprimate în kelvin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formule_de_recalculare_a_temperaturii_exprimate_în_kelvin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diagramă_comparativă_pentru_diverse_scări_de_temperatură" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diagramă_comparativă_pentru_diverse_scări_de_temperatură"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Diagramă comparativă pentru diverse scări de temperatură</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diagramă_comparativă_pentru_diverse_scări_de_temperatură-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Convenții_tipografice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Convenții_tipografice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Convenții tipografice</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Convenții_tipografice-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Convenții tipografice subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Convenții_tipografice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Denumiri,_plural_și_majuscule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denumiri,_plural_și_majuscule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Denumiri, plural și majuscule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denumiri,_plural_și_majuscule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forma_și_stilul_simbolului_K" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forma_și_stilul_simbolului_K"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Forma și stilul simbolului K</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forma_și_stilul_simbolului_K-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simbolul_special_Unicode_al_kelvinului" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simbolul_special_Unicode_al_kelvinului"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Simbolul special Unicode al kelvinului</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simbolul_special_Unicode_al_kelvinului-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Temperatura_de_culoare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temperatura_de_culoare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Temperatura de culoare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temperatura_de_culoare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kelvin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 126 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-126" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">126 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%84%D9%81%D9%86" title="كلفن – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كلفن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كيلڤين – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كيلڤين" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كيلفين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيلفين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کلوین – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کلوین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelv%C4%97ns" title="Kelvėns – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kelvėns" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD_(%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F)" title="Кельвін (адзінка вымярэння) – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кельвін (адзінка вымярэння)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Кельвін – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кельвін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Келвин – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Келвин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="কেলভিন – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কেলভিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%81%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="ཁེལ། – tibetană" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཁེལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кельвин – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кельвин" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8E%D9%84%DA%A4%D9%86" title="کێلڤن – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کێلڤن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%94%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8A" title="Кєлвинъ – slavonă" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Кєлвинъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кельвин – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кельвин" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1_%CE%9A%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Κλίμακα Κέλβιν – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κλίμακα Κέλβιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvino" title="Kelvino – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kelvino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin_(unitatea)" title="Kelvin (unitatea) – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kelvin (unitatea)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کلوین – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلوین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="articol recomandat"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvinstigin" title="Kelvinstigin – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kelvinstigin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin_(ianhaid)" title="Kelvin (ianhaid) – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kelvin (ianhaid)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin_(ienheid)" title="Kelvin (ienheid) – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kelvin (ienheid)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceilvin" title="Ceilvin – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ceilvin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A8" title="કેલ્વિન – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કેલ્વિન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9F" title="קלווין – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קלווין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="केल्विन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="केल्विन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelven" title="Kelven – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kelven" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B6_(%D5%B9%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80)" title="Կելվին (չափման միավոր) – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կելվին (չափման միավոր)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%AB%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3" title="ケルビン – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケルビン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/kelvo" title="kelvo – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="kelvo" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="კელვინი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კელვინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelven" title="Kelven – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Kelven" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кельвин – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кельвин" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕೆಲ್ವಿನ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕೆಲ್ವಿನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%88%EB%B9%88" title="켈빈 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="켈빈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кельвин – karaceai-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Кельвин" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaceai-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D0%9A)" title="Кельвин (К) – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кельвин (К)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvinus_(unitas)" title="Kelvinus (unitas) – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Kelvinus (unitas)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabwoki_(Keruvin)" title="Nabwoki (Keruvin) – ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Nabwoki (Keruvin)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin_(einheid)" title="Kelvin (einheid) – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kelvin (einheid)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvinas" title="Kelvinas – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kelvinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvins" title="Kelvins – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kelvins" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Келвин – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Келвин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="കെൽവിൻ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കെൽവിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кельвин – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кельвин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="केल्विन – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="केल्विन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – mirandeză" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%97%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ကယ်လ်ဗင် – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကယ်လ်ဗင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="केल्भिन – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="केल्भिन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin_(eenheid)" title="Kelvin (eenheid) – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kelvin (eenheid)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A8" title="ਕੈਲਵਿਨ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੈਲਵਿਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelwin" title="Kelwin – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kelwin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86" title="کیلون – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیلون" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Кельвин – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кельвин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Келвин – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Келвин" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradu_Kelvin" title="Gradu Kelvin – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gradu Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akilvin" title="Akilvin – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Akilvin" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="කෙල්වින් – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කෙල්වින්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelfin" title="Kelfin – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kelfin" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvini" title="Kelvini – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kelvini" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Келвин – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Келвин" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvini" title="Kelvini – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kelvini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelwin" title="Kelwin – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kelwin" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="கெல்வின் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கெல்வின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="కెల్విన్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కెల్విన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="เคลวิน – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เคลวิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelwin" title="Kelwin – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kelwin" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Кельвін – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кельвін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86" title="کیلون – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیلون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin_(o%CA%BBlchov_birligi)" title="Kelvin (oʻlchov birligi) – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kelvin (oʻlchov birligi)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin_(%C3%AAenheid)" title="Kelvin (êenheid) – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Kelvin (êenheid)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="开尔文" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="开尔文" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87" title="開爾文 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="開爾文" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kelvin" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%B0%8F" title="開氏 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="開氏" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11579#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie:Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discuții despre această pagină — pagină inexistentă [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" 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class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kelvin"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16501920">.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0px 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #1e90ff}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b22222;background:#fee}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #000f1e!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#310402!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #070101!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #261500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #544004!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #1e0a28!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-notice,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{background-color:#202122!important}}</style><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox ambox-content ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/75px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/100px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br /> Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>Informații suplimentare: <a href="/wiki/Kelvin_(dezambiguizare)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kelvin (dezambiguizare)">Kelvin (dezambiguizare)</a></i></dd></dl> <table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet blank" style="background-color:#FFDAB9;color:#000;">Kelvin</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:CelsiusKelvinThermometer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/CelsiusKelvinThermometer.jpg/220px-CelsiusKelvinThermometer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="383" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/CelsiusKelvinThermometer.jpg/330px-CelsiusKelvinThermometer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/CelsiusKelvinThermometer.jpg/440px-CelsiusKelvinThermometer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2717" data-file-height="4729" /></a></span><br /><div style="margin-top: 3px"></div><span>Termometru gradat în kelvini (scara din dreapta)</span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Nume</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">Kelvin</td></tr><tr><th style=";">Mărime</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264647" class="extiw" title="d:Q264647">temperatură termodinamică</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temperatur%C4%83_termodinamic%C4%83_(absolute_measure_of_temperature)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Temperatură termodinamică (absolute measure of temperature) — pagină inexistentă">&#8203;</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-5d16e4cbcb58dced4be9b564b7c3b4d7_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5d16e4cbcb58dced4be9b564b7c3b4d7-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><sup id="cite_ref-52f2a6c01df905f8f7e01b86f32c6442_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52f2a6c01df905f8f7e01b86f32c6442-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537">, <a href="/wiki/Temperatur%C4%83_de_culoare" title="Temperatură de culoare">Temperatură de culoare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punct_de_rou%C4%83" title="Punct de rouă">Punct de rouă</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punct_Curie" title="Punct Curie">Punct Curie</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3517821" class="extiw" title="d:Q3517821"><span lang="en">Debye temperature</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Debye temperature</span> |&#8203;]]</span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105942324" class="extiw" title="d:Q105942324"><span lang="en">Fermi temperature</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Fermi temperature</span> (in the free electron model, quotient of the Fermi energy and the Boltzmann constant)|&#8203;]]</span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830311" class="extiw" title="d:Q830311"><span lang="en">Néel temperature</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Néel temperature</span> (critical temperature of an antiferromagnet)|&#8203;]]</span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106103037" class="extiw" title="d:Q106103037"><span lang="en">superconduction transition temperature</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">superconduction transition temperature</span> (critical temperature of a superconductor)|&#8203;]]</span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Denumit după</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/William_Thomson" title="William Thomson">William Thomson</a></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Unitatea în SI</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">1&#160;Kelvin</td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##FFDAB9 solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11579" class="extiw" title="d:Q11579">date</a> /&#32;<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=0">text</a></span>&#160;<span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16573438">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p>Scara <b>Kelvin</b> este o scară de <a href="/wiki/Temperatur%C4%83" title="Temperatură">temperatură termodinamică</a> (absolută) unde temperatura de <a href="/wiki/Zero_absolut" title="Zero absolut">zero absolut</a> (0&#160;K) este cea mai scăzută temperatură posibilă, nimic neputând fi răcit mai mult, iar în substanță nu mai există energie sub formă de <a href="/wiki/C%C4%83ldur%C4%83" title="Căldură">căldură</a>. <a href="/wiki/Unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83" title="Unitate de măsură">Unitatea de măsură</a> a scării Kelvin este <b>kelvinul</b> (simbol: K), care este unitatea de temperatură în <a href="/wiki/SI" class="mw-disambig" title="SI">SI</a> și este una din cele șapte <a href="/wiki/SI" class="mw-disambig" title="SI">unități de măsură fundamentale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SI20_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI20-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scara Kelvin poartă numele fizicianului și inginerului <a href="/wiki/Irlanda" title="Irlanda">irlandez</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Thomson" title="William Thomson">William Thomson, Lord Kelvin</a> (1824-1907). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definiția_kelvinului"><span id="Defini.C8.9Bia_kelvinului"></span>Definiția kelvinului</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Definiția kelvinului" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Definiția kelvinului"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unitatea și scara „kelvin” este definită, conform convențiilor internaționale, prin două puncte: <a href="/wiki/Zero_absolut" title="Zero absolut">zero absolut</a> și <a href="/wiki/Punct_triplu" title="Punct triplu">punctul triplu</a> al apei. De asemenea, această definiție leagă exact scara Kelvin de scara <a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">Celsius</a>. Zero absolut — temperatura față de care nimic nu poate fi mai rece și la care în substanță nu mai există energie sub formă de energie interna — este definită ca fiind exact 0&#160;K <i>și</i> −273,15&#160;°C. Punctul triplu al apei este definit ca fiind la exact 273,16&#160;K <i>și</i> 0,01&#160;°C.<sup id="cite_ref-SI20_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI20-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Această definiție are trei consecințe: </p> <ol><li>stabilește valoarea unității kelvin ca fiind exact 1&#160;/&#160;273,16 părți din diferența dintre punctul triplu al apei și zero absolut;</li> <li>stabilește că un kelvin are exact aceeași mărime cu un grad de pe scara Celsius; și</li> <li>stabilește că diferența punctelor de zero între cele două scări este exact 273,15 kelvini (0&#160;K&#160;= −273,15&#160;°C și 273,16&#160;K&#160;= 0,01&#160;°C). Temperaturile în kelvini pot fi convertite în alte unități conform tabelului de sus-dreapta.</li></ol> <p>În tabelul de mai jos sunt prezentate câteva temperaturi de bază pe scările Kelvin și Celsius. </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f5f5f0; border: 2px #52524d solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b> </b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Kelvin</b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Celsius</b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Fahrenheit</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d9d9d3" align="right">Zero absolut<br /> <p>(exact, prin definiție) </p> </td> <td align="center">0 K </td> <td align="center">−273,15&#160;°C </td> <td align="center">−459,67&#160;°F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d9d9d3" align="right">Punctul de topire al gheții </td> <td align="center">273,15 K </td> <td align="center">0&#160;°C </td> <td align="center">32&#160;°F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d9d9d3" align="right">Punctul triplu al apei<br /> <p>(exact, prin definiție) </p> </td> <td align="center">273,16 K </td> <td align="center">0,01&#160;°C </td> <td align="center">32,018&#160;°F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d9d9d3" align="right">Punctul de fierbere al apei <sup>A</sup> </td> <td align="center">373.1339 K </td> <td align="center">99,9839&#160;°C </td> <td align="center">211,9710&#160;°F </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><small><sup>A</sup> Pentru apă standard <a href="/wiki/VSMOW" class="mw-redirect" title="VSMOW">VSMOW</a>, la presiunea de 101325 Pa, la calibrarea doar pe baza definirii temperaturii termodinamice prin două puncte.</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prefixele_kelvinului_în_SI"><span id="Prefixele_kelvinului_.C3.AEn_SI"></span>Prefixele kelvinului în SI</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Prefixele kelvinului în SI" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Prefixele kelvinului în SI"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Prefixe_SI" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefixe SI">Prefixele SI</a> sunt folosite pentru indicarea <a href="/wiki/Multiplu" title="Multiplu">multiplilor</a> și <a href="/wiki/Multiplu" title="Multiplu">submultiplilor</a> kelvinului.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f5f5f5; border: 2px #525252 solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="background:#3E3E3E" align="center"><font color="WHITE">Submultipli</font></td> <td colspan="1" style="background:#3E3E3E" align="center"><font color="WHITE"></font></td> <td colspan="3" style="background:#3E3E3E" align="center"><font color="WHITE">Multipli</font> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b><a href="/wiki/Factor" class="mw-disambig" title="Factor">Factor</a></b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Nume</b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Simbol</b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>&#160;</b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Factor</b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Nume</b> </td> <td style="background:#d4d4d4" align="center"><b>Simbol</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">10<sup>−3</sup> </td> <td>millikelvin </td> <td align="center">mK </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">10<sup>3</sup> </td> <td>kilokelvin </td> <td align="center">kK </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">10<sup>−6</sup> </td> <td>microkelvin </td> <td align="center">µK </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">10<sup>6</sup> </td> <td>megakelvin </td> <td align="center">MK </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">10<sup>−9</sup> </td> <td>nanokelvin </td> <td align="center">nK </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">10<sup>9</sup> </td> <td>gigakelvin </td> <td align="center">GK </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">10<sup>−12</sup> </td> <td>picokelvin </td> <td align="center">pK </td> <td> </td> <td align="center">10<sup>12</sup> </td> <td>terakelvin </td> <td align="center">TK </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formule_de_recalculare_a_temperaturii_exprimate_în_kelvin"><span id="Formule_de_recalculare_a_temperaturii_exprimate_.C3.AEn_kelvin"></span>Formule de recalculare a temperaturii exprimate în kelvin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Formule de recalculare a temperaturii exprimate în kelvin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Formule de recalculare a temperaturii exprimate în kelvin"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" align="left" style="margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#f0f0f0"> <th>În </th> <th>Din </th> <th>Formulă </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">Celsius</a></td> <td>kelvin</td> <td>°C = K − 273,15 </td></tr> <tr> <td>kelvin</td> <td>Celsius</td> <td>K = °C + 273,15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rankine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rankine — pagină inexistentă">Rankine</a></td> <td>kelvin</td> <td>°R = K × 1,8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>kelvin</td> <td>Rankine</td> <td>K = °R ÷ 1,8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" title="Fahrenheit">Fahrenheit</a></td> <td>kelvin</td> <td>°F = (K × 1,8) − 459,67 </td></tr> <tr> <td>kelvin</td> <td>Fahrenheit</td> <td>K = (°F + 459,67) ÷ 1,8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electronvolt" title="Electronvolt">electronvolți</a></td> <td>kelvin</td> <td>eV ≈ K ÷ 11604,5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>kelvin</td> <td>electronvolți</td> <td>K ≈ eV × 11604,5 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="center">Pentru <i>intervale</i> de temperatură mai degrabă decât pentru temperaturi,<br /> 1 kelvin = 1&#160;°C<br />și<br />1 kelvin = 1.8 °R<br /><small>Există convertoare online de temperaturi după diverse scări de temperatură</small><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br clear="all" /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagramă_comparativă_pentru_diverse_scări_de_temperatură"><span id="Diagram.C4.83_comparativ.C4.83_pentru_diverse_sc.C4.83ri_de_temperatur.C4.83"></span>Diagramă comparativă pentru diverse scări de temperatură</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Diagramă comparativă pentru diverse scări de temperatură" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Diagramă comparativă pentru diverse scări de temperatură"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_73ql23uxulvmp1uitgmjmyksnv085jk"></map><img usemap="#timeline_73ql23uxulvmp1uitgmjmyksnv085jk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/73ql23uxulvmp1uitgmjmyksnv085jk.png" /></div><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_6o3sah3tubx7d1oqu4k6zrs5ahiba83"></map><img usemap="#timeline_6o3sah3tubx7d1oqu4k6zrs5ahiba83" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/6o3sah3tubx7d1oqu4k6zrs5ahiba83.png" /></div><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_86nd7gp9l8p8nrzxox9iolhjvgr4hna"></map><img usemap="#timeline_86nd7gp9l8p8nrzxox9iolhjvgr4hna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/86nd7gp9l8p8nrzxox9iolhjvgr4hna.png" /></div><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_badhv1lbt9cwsx2ar6hi07w8gbuxuy9"></map><img usemap="#timeline_badhv1lbt9cwsx2ar6hi07w8gbuxuy9" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/badhv1lbt9cwsx2ar6hi07w8gbuxuy9.png" /></div><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_67ode1wfhvuyl1z8oibtzvs0rkt5kpt"></map><img usemap="#timeline_67ode1wfhvuyl1z8oibtzvs0rkt5kpt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/67ode1wfhvuyl1z8oibtzvs0rkt5kpt.png" /></div><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_gmpgbupa518cq21cd02m1gj937dff9n"></map><img usemap="#timeline_gmpgbupa518cq21cd02m1gj937dff9n" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/gmpgbupa518cq21cd02m1gj937dff9n.png" /></div><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_nfu973jw44iz8kyh1av23e17kq22gnb"></map><img usemap="#timeline_nfu973jw44iz8kyh1av23e17kq22gnb" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/nfu973jw44iz8kyh1av23e17kq22gnb.png" /></div><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_4gscws8edzxsy3zxc31ybq5ce816zz4"></map><img usemap="#timeline_4gscws8edzxsy3zxc31ybq5ce816zz4" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/timeline/4gscws8edzxsy3zxc31ybq5ce816zz4.png" /></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Convenții_tipografice"><span id="Conven.C8.9Bii_tipografice"></span>Convenții tipografice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Convenții tipografice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Convenții tipografice"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denumiri,_plural_și_majuscule"><span id="Denumiri.2C_plural_.C8.99i_majuscule"></span>Denumiri, plural și majuscule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Denumiri, plural și majuscule" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Denumiri, plural și majuscule"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Denumirea „grad Kelvin” a fost introdusă de cea de a 11-a Conferință Generală de Măsuri și Greutăți din 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> În 1967 a 13-a Conferință Generală de Măsuri și Greutăți a eliminat din denumirea unității cuvântul „grad”, denumirea ei devenind <i>kelvin</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-SI44_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI44-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> cu pluralul <i>kelvini</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-SI20_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI20-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Totodată a stabilit că simbolurile „°K” și „grd” nu mai sunt admise.<sup id="cite_ref-SI44_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SI44-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Când cuvântul se referă la <i>unitatea</i> kelvin (temperatură sau interval de temperatură) se scrie cu minuscule, cu excepția cazului când cuvântul este primul din propoziție. Când cuvântul se referă la <i>scara</i> Kelvin, se scrie cu majusculă. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forma_și_stilul_simbolului_K"><span id="Forma_.C8.99i_stilul_simbolului_K"></span>Forma și stilul simbolului K</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Forma și stilul simbolului K" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Forma și stilul simbolului K"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Simbolul kelvinului este întotdeauna litera latină majusculă K (nu se admite cursiv), deoarece minuscula este prefixul SI pentru 1 × 10<sup>3</sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Simbolul_special_Unicode_al_kelvinului">Simbolul special Unicode al kelvinului</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Simbolul special Unicode al kelvinului" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Simbolul special Unicode al kelvinului"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>, care este un standard industrial conceput să permită reprezentarea consistentă în calculatoare a tuturor simbolurilor din scrierile folosite în lume plasează „simbolul kelvin” la U+212A. În paginile <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">www</a> pentru simbolul kelvin se va folosi secvența: <font color="#721F01"><code>K</code>&#160;</font>. Aspectul său este aproape la fel cu al majusculei K. </p><p>Deoarece unele calculatoare au probleme la afișarea simbolului kelvinului se admite folosirea în locul lui a majusculei K. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Temperatura_de_culoare">Temperatura de culoare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Temperatura de culoare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Temperatura de culoare"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kelvinul este folosit adesea pentru indicarea <a href="/wiki/Temperatura_de_culoare" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperatura de culoare">temperaturii de culoare</a> a surselor de lumină. Definirea temperaturii de culoare se bazează pe radiația <a href="/wiki/Corp_negru" class="mw-redirect" title="Corp negru">corpului negru</a>, radiație a cărei culoare depinde de temperatura corpului radiant. Corpurile a căror temperatură este sub circa 4000&#160;K par roșiatice, în timp ce cele a căror temperatură este peste circa 7500&#160;K par albăstrui. Temperatura de culoare este importantă în domeniul proiecției imaginilor și al <a href="/wiki/Fotografie" title="Fotografie">fotografiei</a>, pentru peliculele de tip „pentru lumină de zi” temperatura de culoare a luminii trebuind să fie de circa 5500 K. În <a href="/wiki/Astronomie" title="Astronomie">astronomie</a> clasificarea stelelor și poziția lor în <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzsprung-Russell">Diagrama Hertzsprung-Russell</a> se bazează, între altele, pe temperatura suprafeței lor. De exemplu, temperatura fotosferei Soarelui este de 5778&#160;K. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5d16e4cbcb58dced4be9b564b7c3b4d7-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5d16e4cbcb58dced4be9b564b7c3b4d7_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=30669"><i>6.5.2</i></a>, <span lang="en">Quantities and units—Part 1: General</span>, p.&#160;17</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=6.5.2&amp;rft.pages=17&amp;rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EQuantities+and+units%E2%80%94Part+1%3A+General%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iso.org%2Fiso%2Fhome%2Fstore%2Fcatalogue_ics%2Fcatalogue_detail_ics.htm%3Fcsnumber%3D30669&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AKelvin" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52f2a6c01df905f8f7e01b86f32c6442-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52f2a6c01df905f8f7e01b86f32c6442_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si-brochure/SI-Brochure-9-concise-EN.pdf"><i><span lang="en">SI A concise summary of the International System of Units, SI</span></i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3ESI+A+concise+summary+of+the+International+System+of+Units%2C+SI%3C%2Fspan%3E&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bipm.org%2Futils%2Fcommon%2Fpdf%2Fsi-brochure%2FSI-Brochure-9-concise-EN.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AKelvin" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SI20-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SI20_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI20_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI20_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Sistemul internațional…, p.&#160;20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-1/2-1-1/kelvin.html">Unit of thermodynamic temperature (kelvin)</a>, broșura SI, accesat 2010-07-25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Sistemul internațional…, p.&#160;27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/chemistry/general/units_en.html#temp">Calculator pentru convertirea temperaturilor</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050129051747/http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/chemistry/general/units_en.html#temp">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2005-01-29">29 ianuarie 2005</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., chemie.fu-berlin.de, accesat 2017-07-19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Sistemul internațional…, p.&#160;40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SI44-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SI44_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SI44_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Sistemul internațional…, p.&#160;44</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academia_Rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Academia Română">Academia Republicii Socialiste România</a> <i>Sistemul Internațional de unități</i> (SI), ed. a III-a în <a href="/wiki/Limba_rom%C3%A2n%C4%83" title="Limba română">limba română</a> (traducere din <a href="/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83" title="Limba franceză">limba franceză</a> după ediția a V-a, elaborată de BIPM), <a href="/wiki/Editura_Academiei_Rom%C3%A2ne" title="Editura Academiei Române">Editura Academiei</a>, București: Ed. Academiei RSR, 1989, <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/973-27-0020-3" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/973-27-0020-3">ISBN: 973-27-0020-3</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="" align="left" valign="top" style="padding-left:;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temperatur%C4%83" title="Temperatură">Temperatură</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_absolut" title="Zero absolut">Zero absolut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punct_triplu" title="Punct triplu">Punct triplu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITS-90" class="mw-redirect" title="ITS-90">ITS-90</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td> <td width="" align="left" valign="top" style="padding-left:;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83ldur%C4%83" title="Căldură">Căldură</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">Celsius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" title="Fahrenheit">Fahrenheit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rankine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rankine — pagină inexistentă">Rankine</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 230px; padding: 2px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikţionar"><img alt="Wikţionar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/30px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/45px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Wikţionar</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 35px; line-height:normal;">Caută „<b><a href="https://ro.wiktionary.org/wiki/kelvin" class="extiw" title="wikt:kelvin">kelvin</a></b>” în <a href="/wiki/Wik%C8%9Bionar" title="Wikționar">Wikționar</a>, dicționarul liber.</div> </div> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks">„<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dexonline.ro/definitie/kelvin">kelvin</a>”&#160;la <a href="/wiki/DEX_online" title="DEX online">DEX online</a></span></li> <li>Barry N. Taylor, <i>Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI)</i>, Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office, 1995 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physics.nist.gov/Pubs/SP811/contents.html">versiune html</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/bibliography.html">versiune pdf</a>)</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:SI" title="Format:SI"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:SI&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:SI — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:SI&amp;action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;">Unități fundamentale ale <a href="/wiki/Sistemul_interna%C8%9Bional_de_unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi" title="Sistemul internațional de unități">sistemului internațional de unități</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Metru" title="Metru">metru</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">kilogram</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Secund%C4%83" title="Secundă">secundă</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Amper" title="Amper">amper</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">kelvin</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Mol" title="Mol">mol</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Candel%C4%83" class="mw-disambig" title="Candelă">candelă</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-image[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-list[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-even[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox-title[style]{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}}</style> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83_%C3%AEn_SI" title="Format:Unități de măsură în SI"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83_%C3%AEn_SI&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Unități de măsură în SI — pagină inexistentă"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a>&#160;<span style="font-size:80%;">•</span>&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83_%C3%AEn_SI&amp;action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;">Unități de măsură în <a href="/wiki/Sistemul_interna%C8%9Bional_de_unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi" title="Sistemul internațional de unități">Sistemul internațional de unități</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Unități de bază </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Amper" title="Amper">amper</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Candel%C4%83_(unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83)" title="Candelă (unitate de măsură)">candelă</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">kelvin</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">kilogram</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Metru" title="Metru">metru</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Mol" title="Mol">mol</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Secund%C4%83" title="Secundă">secundă</a></div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:SI_base_unit.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SI_base_unit.svg/75px-SI_base_unit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SI_base_unit.svg/113px-SI_base_unit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/SI_base_unit.svg/150px-SI_base_unit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Unități derivate </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Becquerel" title="Becquerel">becquerel</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Coulomb_(unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83)" title="Coulomb (unitate de măsură)">coulomb</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">grad celsius</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">farad</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Gray_(unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83)" title="Gray (unitate de măsură)">gray</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Henry_(unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83)" title="Henry (unitate de măsură)">henry</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">hertz</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Joule" title="Joule">joule</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Katal" title="Katal">katal</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Lumen" title="Lumen">lumen</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Lux" title="Lux">lux</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Newton" title="Newton">newton</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">ohm</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83)" title="Pascal (unitate de măsură)">pascal</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Radian" title="Radian">radian</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Siemens_(unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83)" title="Siemens (unitate de măsură)">siemens</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Sievert" title="Sievert">sievert</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Steradian" title="Steradian">steradian</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tesla_(unitate_de_m%C4%83sur%C4%83)" title="Tesla (unitate de măsură)">tesla</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; 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