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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Structura</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structura-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Unterabschnitt Structura umschalten</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Stresas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stresas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Stresas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stresas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cunfin_tar_l’univers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cunfin_tar_l’univers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Cunfin tar l’univers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cunfin_tar_l’univers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perscrutaziun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perscrutaziun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Perscrutaziun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perscrutaziun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Svilup" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Svilup"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Svilup</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Svilup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annotaziuns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annotaziuns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Annotaziuns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annotaziuns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Litteratura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Litteratura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Litteratura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Litteratura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colliaziuns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colliaziuns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Colliaziuns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colliaziuns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Atmosfera da la terra</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Zu einem Artikel in einer anderen Sprache gehen. Verfügbar in 130 Sprachen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-130" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">130 Sprachen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarde_se_atmosfeer" title="Aarde se atmosfeer – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aarde se atmosfeer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdatmosph%C3%A4re" title="Erdatmosphäre – tudestg svizzer" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Erdatmosphäre" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tudestg svizzer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A8%E1%89%A3%E1%89%A2_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%AD" title="ከባቢ አየር – amaric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ከባቢ አየር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A" title="غلاف الأرض الجوي – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غلاف الأرض الجوي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B2" title="পৃথিৱীৰ বায়ুমণ্ডল – assami" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পৃথিৱীৰ বায়ুমণ্ডল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atm%C3%B3sfera_terrestre" title="Atmósfera terrestre – asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Atmósfera terrestre" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="हवा – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हवा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yerin_atmosferi" title="Yerin atmosferi – aserbeidschanic" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yerin atmosferi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbeidschanic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A6%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A2%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="یئرین آتموسفری – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یئرین آتموسفری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Ер атмосфераһы – baschkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ер атмосфераһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%97s_atmuosp%C4%97ra" title="Žemės atmuospėra – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Žemės atmuospėra" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Атмасфера Зямлі – bieloruss" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Атмасфера Зямлі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruss" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%84%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Атмасфэра Зямлі – Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Атмасфэра Зямлі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Атмосфера на Земята – bulgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атмосфера на Земята" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="वायुमंडल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="वायुमंडल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B2" title="পৃথিবীর বায়ুমণ্ডল – bengal" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পৃথিবীর বায়ুমণ্ডল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosferenn" title="Atmosferenn – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Atmosferenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljina_atmosfera" title="Zemljina atmosfera – bosniac" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zemljina atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_terrestre" title="Atmosfera terrestre – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Atmosfera terrestre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%A9" title="تەوشک – curd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەوشک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curd central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A9ra_Zem%C4%9B" title="Atmosféra Země – tschec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Atmosféra Země" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tschec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%95%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Çĕр атмосфери – tschuvasch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çĕр атмосфери" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tschuvasch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosffer_y_Ddaear" title="Atmosffer y Ddaear – kimric" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Atmosffer y Ddaear" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kimric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordens_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Jordens atmosfære – danais" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jordens atmosfære" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdatmosph%C3%A4re" title="Erdatmosphäre – tudestg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Erdatmosphäre" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tudestg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hewa" title="Hewa – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Hewa" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%84%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Ατμόσφαιρα της Γης – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ατμόσφαιρα της Γης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth" title="Atmosphere of Earth – englais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Atmosphere of Earth" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="englais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tera_atmosfero" title="Tera atmosfero – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tera atmosfero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atm%C3%B3sfera_terrestre" title="Atmósfera terrestre – spagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Atmósfera terrestre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A4%C3%A4r" title="Atmosfäär – eston" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Atmosfäär" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="eston" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lurraren_atmosfera" title="Lurraren atmosfera – basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lurraren atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="exzellenter Artikel"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اتمسفر زمین – persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اتمسفر زمین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmakeh%C3%A4" title="Ilmakehä – finlandais" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ilmakehä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%95hkkund" title="Õhkkund – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Õhkkund" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosph%C3%A8re_terrestre" title="Atmosphère terrestre – franzos" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Atmosphère terrestre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franzos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfeere" title="Atmosfeere – fris dal nord" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Atmosfeere" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="fris dal nord" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dampkring" title="Dampkring – fris" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dampkring" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="fris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmaisf%C3%A9ar_an_Domhain" title="Atmaisféar an Domhain – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Atmaisféar an Domhain" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_terrestre" title="Atmosfera terrestre – galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Atmosfera terrestre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sararin_Samaniya_na_Duniya" title="Sararin Samaniya na Duniya – haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sararin Samaniya na Duniya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%9B%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A5" title="אטמוספירת כדור הארץ – ebraic" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אטמוספירת כדור הארץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="पृथ्वी का वायुमण्डल – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पृथ्वी का वायुमण्डल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="exzellenter Artikel"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljina_atmosfera" title="Zemljina atmosfera – croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zemljina atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A8_Lat%C3%A8" title="Atmosfè Latè – creol haitian" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Atmosfè Latè" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="creol haitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Երկրի մթնոլորտ – armen" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երկրի մթնոլորտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphera_terrestre" title="Atmosphera terrestre – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Atmosphera terrestre" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfer_Bumi" title="Atmosfer Bumi – indonais" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Atmosfer Bumi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ter-atmosfero" title="Ter-atmosfero – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ter-atmosfero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gufuhvolf" title="Gufuhvolf – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gufuhvolf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_terrestre" title="Atmosfera terrestre – talian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Atmosfera terrestre" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%97" title="地球の大気 – giapunais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="地球の大気" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapunais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfier_a_Oert" title="Atmosfier a Oert – Jamaikanisch-Kreolisch" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Atmosfier a Oert" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaikanisch-Kreolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swasana" title="Swasana – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Swasana" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="დედამიწის ატმოსფერო – georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დედამიწის ატმოსფერო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera – karakalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Жер атмосферасы – casac" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жер атмосферасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="casac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%81%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%8B" title="ខ្យល់ – cambodschan" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ខ្យល់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="cambodschan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%B2" title="ಭೂಮಿಯ ವಾಯುಮಂಡಲ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭೂಮಿಯ ವಾಯುಮಂಡಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EA%B5%AC_%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0%EA%B6%8C" title="지구 대기권 – corean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지구 대기권" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="corean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="lesenswerter Artikel"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Жер атмосферасы – kirghis" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жер атмосферасы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%ABr" title="Aër – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aër" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosph%C3%A4r_vun_der_%C3%84erd" title="Atmosphär vun der Äerd – luxemburgais" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Atmosphär vun der Äerd" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_terr%C3%A8stra" title="Atmosfera terrèstra – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Atmosfera terrèstra" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%81" title="ບັນຍາກາດຂອງໂລກ – laot" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ບັນຍາກາດຂອງໂລກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laot" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%97s_atmosfera" title="Žemės atmosfera – lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žemės atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemes_atmosf%C4%93ra" title="Zemes atmosfēra – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zemes atmosfēra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfer" title="Atmosfer – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Atmosfer" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soson-drivotry_ny_tany" title="Soson-drivotry ny tany – malagassi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Soson-drivotry ny tany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Земјина атмосфера – macedon" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Земјина атмосфера" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%82" title="ഭൗമാന്തരീക്ഷം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭൗമാന്തരീക്ഷം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Дэлхийн агаар мандал – mongolic" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дэлхийн агаар мандал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="पृथ्वीचे वातावरण – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पृथ्वीचे वातावरण" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_Bumi" title="Atmosfera Bumi – malaic" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Atmosfera Bumi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%91%E1%80%AF" title="ကမ္ဘာ့လေထု – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကမ္ဘာ့လေထု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dampkring" title="Dampkring – Niedersächsisch" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Dampkring" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Niedersächsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2" title="पृथ्वीको वायुमण्डल – nepalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पृथ्वीको वायुमण्डल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aardatmosfeer" title="Aardatmosfeer – ollandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aardatmosfeer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ollandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordatmosf%C3%A6ren" title="Jordatmosfæren – norvegiais nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Jordatmosfæren" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiais nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordens_atmosf%C3%A6re" title="Jordens atmosfære – norvegais bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jordens atmosfære" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegais bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A8ra_terr%C3%A8stra" title="Atmosfèra terrèstra – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Atmosfèra terrèstra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qilleensa_Marsaa" title="Qilleensa Marsaa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Qilleensa Marsaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%83%E0%AC%A5%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%B3" title="ପୃଥିବୀର ବାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳ – oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପୃଥିବୀର ବାୟୁମଣ୍ଡଳ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਧਰਤੀ ਦਾ ਵਾਯੂਮੰਡਲ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਧਰਤੀ ਦਾ ਵਾਯੂਮੰਡਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_di_mundu" title="Atmosfera di mundu – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Atmosfera di mundu" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_Ziemi" title="Atmosfera Ziemi – polac" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Atmosfera Ziemi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera – Piemontesisch" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piemontesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ہوا – Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہوا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7" title="هوا – paschto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هوا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paschto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_da_Terra" title="Atmosfera da Terra – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Atmosfera da Terra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayra_pacha" title="Wayra pacha – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wayra pacha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_P%C4%83m%C3%A2ntului" title="Atmosfera Pământului – rumen" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Atmosfera Pământului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Атмосфера Земли – russ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Атмосфера Земли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="पृथिव्याः वायुमण्डलम् – sanscrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पृथिव्याः वायुमण्डलम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera – sard" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_o_Yird" title="Atmosphere o Yird – scot" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Atmosphere o Yird" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scot" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ھوا – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ھوا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljina_atmosfera" title="Zemljina atmosfera – serbo-croat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zemljina atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AE%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="පෘථිවි වායුගෝලය – singalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පෘථිවි වායුගෝලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth" title="Atmosphere of Earth – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Atmosphere of Earth" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A9ra_Zeme" title="Atmosféra Zeme – slovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Atmosféra Zeme" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozra%C4%8Dje" title="Ozračje – sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ozračje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eenn%C3%A2m_%C3%A1imukerdi" title="Eennâm áimukerdi – sami inari" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Eennâm áimukerdi" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="sami inari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera_e_Tok%C3%ABs" title="Atmosfera e Tokës – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Atmosfera e Tokës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemljina_atmosfera" title="Zemljina atmosfera – serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Zemljina atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84id-Atmosph%C3%A4re" title="Äid-Atmosphäre – Saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Äid-Atmosphäre" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiati" title="Wiati – sundanais" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Wiati" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordens_atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Jordens atmosfär – svedais" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jordens atmosfär" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="புவியின் வளிமண்டலம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புவியின் வளிமண்டலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%82" title="భూమి వాతావరణం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భూమి వాతావరణం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Атмосфераи Замин – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Атмосфераи Замин" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81" title="บรรยากาศของโลก – tailandais" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บรรยากาศของโลก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera – turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BCnya_atmosferi" title="Dünya atmosferi – tirc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dünya atmosferi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tirc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Атмосфера – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Атмосфера" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Атмосфера – tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Атмосфера" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Музъемлэн атмосфераез – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Музъемлэн атмосфераез" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Атмосфера Землі – ucranais" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атмосфера Землі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucranais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%82_%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A7" title="زمینی کرۂ ہوا – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زمینی کرۂ ہوا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfera" title="Atmosfera – usbec" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Atmosfera" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%AD_quy%E1%BB%83n_Tr%C3%A1i_%C4%90%E1%BA%A5t" title="Khí quyển Trái Đất – vietnamais" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khí quyển Trái Đất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosfeer_(Eirde)" title="Atmosfeer (Eirde) – Westflämisch" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Atmosfeer (Eirde)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Westflämisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%B1%82" title="地球大气层 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="地球大气层" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%93%27%D7%A1_%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="ערד'ס אטמאספער – jiddic" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ערד'ס אטמאספער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo 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vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Erscheinungsbild</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ord Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="rm" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteca:Meteotek08_atmosfera13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Meteotek08_atmosfera13.jpg/250px-Meteotek08_atmosfera13.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Meteotek08_atmosfera13.jpg/375px-Meteotek08_atmosfera13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Meteotek08_atmosfera13.jpg/500px-Meteotek08_atmosfera13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>L’atmosfera da la Terra</figcaption></figure> <p>L’<b>atmosfera da la terra</b> (dal grec vegl ἀτμός <i>atmós</i>, ‹vapur› e σφαῖρα <i>sfaira</i>, ‹culla›) è il mantè en furma da gas che circumdescha la surfatscha da la <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a>. Ella sa cumpona per gronda part da nitrogen ed oxigen, uschia ch’i regian relaziuns oxidantas. </p><p>La structuraziun verticala da l’atmosfera resulta da las differentas temperaturas che regian en quella. L’aura sa splega en la trosposfera, pia en la stresa inferiura d’in’autezza da radund 10 kilometers. Las stresas superiuras n’influenzeschan percunter strusch pli quella. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cumposiziun">Cumposiziun</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifitgar secziun: Cumposiziun" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Cumposiziun"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteca:Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg/150px-Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg/225px-Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg/300px-Atmosphere_gas_proportions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>La cumpart dals singuls gas</figcaption></figure> <p>Las stresas situadas sur terra fin en in’autezza da ca. 90 km (l’uschenumnada lingia da Kármán da la navigaziun spaziala) han ina cumposiziun vaira unifurma, uschia ch’ins discurra er da la homosfera. Quai che vegn per ordinari designà sco aria sa cumpona (senza resguardar eventualas cumparts da vapur d’aua) da 78,084 % <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrogen (n'exista betg)">nitrogen</a> (N<sub>2</sub>), 20,946 % <a href="/wiki/Oxigen" title="Oxigen">oxigen</a> (O<sub>2</sub>) e 0,934 % <a href="/w/index.php?title=Argon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argon (n'exista betg)">argon</a> (Ar), vitiers vegnan erosols e gas rars, tranter quels <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dioxid_carbonic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dioxid carbonic (n'exista betg)">dioxid carbonic</a> (CO<sub>2</sub>, ca. 0,04 %), en pli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metan (n'exista betg)">metan</a> (CH<sub>4</sub>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ozon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ozon (n'exista betg)">ozon</a> (O<sub>3</sub>), clorofluorocarbons, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dioxid_sulfuric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dioxid sulfuric (n'exista betg)">dioxid sulfuric</a> (SO<sub>2</sub>) e cumbinaziuns da nitrogen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La furmaziun da l’aura dependa per l’ina da la furniziun d’energia tras ils radis dal sulegl e da la fluctuaziun da quella en il decurs dal di e da l’onn. Per l’autra è decisiva la concentraziun da vapur d’aua en l’aria. L’umiditad da l’aria tanscha da 0 % vol fin ca. 4 % vol. </p><p>Tar l’atmosfera superiura sa tracti d’in gas ch’è gia fitg permeabel, uschia ch’era cumparts dals radis da sulegl ad auta energia pon anc penetrar quella. Tras ils radis ultraviolets ad undas curtas vegnan ils moleculs dissociads e per part er ionisads. Ultra da quai vegnan las singulas parts segregadas en in’autezza sur 100 km tenor lur differenta massa molara; perquai vegn quest sectur er numnà heterosfera. Sisum l’atmosfera s’augmenta perquai la cumpart da particlas levas sco atoms d’idrogen e helium. Quests dus elements sfugian plaunsieu en l’univers, e quai tant per motivs termics sco er pervi da la fotoionisaziun ed il transfer da chargias. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structura">Structura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifitgar secziun: Structura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Structura"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stresas">Stresas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifitgar secziun: Stresas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Stresas"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteca:Atmosphere_layers-rm.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atmosphere_layers-rm.svg/120px-Atmosphere_layers-rm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="706" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atmosphere_layers-rm.svg/180px-Atmosphere_layers-rm.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Atmosphere_layers-rm.svg/240px-Atmosphere_layers-rm.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="457" data-file-height="2688" /></a><figcaption>Las singulas stresas da l’atmosfera</figcaption></figure> <p>L’atmosfera ha ina massa da ca. 5,15 · 1018 kg, quai che correspunda a stgars in milliunavel da la massa da la terra. Sa referind al decurs vertical da la temperatura vegn l’atmosfera partida en pliras stresas: </p> <ul><li>Troposfera: davent da la surfatscha da la terra fin a la tropopausa en autezzas tranter 7 km (regiuns polaras) e 17 km (tropas).</li> <li>Stratosfera fin a la stratopausa en in’autezza da 50 km</li> <li>Mesosfera fin a la mesopausa en in’autezza da 80 fin 85 km</li> <li>Termosfera (cf. era sutvart, ionosfera)</li> <li>Exosfera survart.</li></ul> <p>La troposfera vegn er numnada atmosfera inferiura, la stratosfera e la mesosfera ensemen atmosfera mesauna e la termosfera atmosfera superiura. </p><p>Surtut en la troposfera – la sfera da l’aura – sa mussa ina dinamica areguard il svilup da la temperatura ed il cuntegn da vapur dad aua; perquai è là la dumonda da la stabilitad da las stresas da grond’impurtanza. Ultra dal decurs da la temperatura sa laschan trair a strada auters aspects per sutdivider il mantè d’aria: </p><p>Tenor las relaziuns erodinamicas: </p> <ul><li>Stresa da Prandtl (ca. 0–50 m)</li> <li>Stresa dad Ekman (ca. 50–1000 m)</li> <li>Stresa da Prandtl + Stresa dad Ekman = stresa da cunfin planetara = peplosfera</li> <li>atmosfera libra (> 1 km)</li></ul> <p>Structuraziun tenor il grad da maschaida: </p> <ul><li>La homosfera è maschadada a moda turbulenta e tanscha fin a la homopausa en in’autezza da radund 100 km.</li> <li>Survart cumenza la heterosfera. Qua sa spartan las particlas tenor lur massa molara, damai che la diffusiun moleculara dominescha.</li></ul> <p>Sutdivisiun tenor il stadi radiofisical da l’atmosfera: </p> <ul><li>Neutrosfera (gas surtut en stadi neutral, pia betg ionisà)</li> <li>Ionosfera (gas ionisadas che sa rimnan en la termosfera, > 80 km)</li> <li>Plasmasfera (ionisaziun cumpletta da tut las particlas, > 1000 km)</li> <li>Magnetosfera</li></ul> <p>Tenor criteris chemics sa laschan ultra da quai differenziar in’ozonosfera (stresa d’ozon en in’autezza da 16–50 km) ed ina chemosfera (20–600 km). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cunfin_tar_l’univers"><span id="Cunfin_tar_l.E2.80.99univers"></span>Cunfin tar l’univers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifitgar secziun: Cunfin tar l’univers" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Cunfin tar l’univers"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La zona da transiziun tranter l’exosfera e l’<a href="/w/index.php?title=Univers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Univers (n'exista betg)">univers</a> è fluctuanta; i na sa lascha perquai betg definir in cler cunfin exteriur da l’atmosfera. En l’exosfera (survart l’exobasa en in’autezza da ~ 600 km) pon particlas (p.ex. d’idrogen) gia sfugir sch’ellas cuntanschan spertadads da 3–4 km/s. </p><p>Da vart da la Fédération Aéronautique Internationale vegn resguardà sco cunfin la homopausa resp. in’autezza da radund 100 km (lingia da Kármán). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perscrutaziun">Perscrutaziun</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifitgar secziun: Perscrutaziun" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Perscrutaziun"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Las parts inferiuras da l’atmosfera, surtut la troposfera, furman il champ da perscrutaziun da la meteorologia, entant che l’atmosfera mesauna e superiura (stratosfera, mesosfera) tutgan en la domena da l’erologia. </p><p>Datiers da la terra vegnan mesiraziuns fatgas cun agid da l’entir spectrum d’apparats da mesirar meteorologics. En l’autezza, surtut sch’i sa tracta da crear profils d’autezza, vegn mesirà cun sondas radiofonicas, rachetas meteorologicas, lidars, radars e satellits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Svilup">Svilup</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifitgar secziun: Svilup" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Svilup"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteca:Volcano_q.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Volcano_q.jpg/200px-Volcano_q.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Volcano_q.jpg/300px-Volcano_q.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Volcano_q.jpg/400px-Volcano_q.jpg 2x" data-file-width="678" data-file-height="449" /></a><figcaption>Il vulcanissem ha furmà in factur decisiv per il svilup da l’atmosfera</figcaption></figure> <p>Il svilup da l’atmosfera fa part da l’evoluziun chemica da la terra e furma ultra da quai in impurtant element da l’istorgia dal clima. Ozendi vegnan distinguids quatter stadis da svilup centrals. </p><p>Tut cumenza cun la furmaziun da la terra avant ca. 4,56 milliardas onns. Gia fitg baud ha quella disponì d’in mantè da gas che consistiva probablamain d’idrogen e helium, ma il qual è puspè ì a perder. </p><p>Cura che la terra è sa sfradentada plaunsieu è sa sviluppà il <a href="/wiki/Vulcan" title="Vulcan">vulcanissem</a>; tras quel èn grondas quantitads da gas sortidas da l’intern da la terra. L’atmosfera ch’è sa sviluppada en questa moda sa cumponiva da ca. 80 % vapur d’aua, 10 % dioxid carbonic e 5 fin 7 % idrogen sulfuric. Igl èn quai ils products dal vulcanissem sco ch’els pon vegnir observads fin oz. L’auta cumpart da vapur d’aua sa lascha explitgar tras quai che l’atmosfera era da quel temp anc memia chauda per ch’i possian sa furmar precipitaziuns. I na deva pia anc naginas auas sin terra. L’origin da l’aua sezza è anc adina contestà. </p><p>Suenter che la temperatura da l’atmosfera è crudada sut il punct da buglida da l’aua hai dà in’extrem lunga plievgia permanenta, a la fin da la quala eran sa furmads ils oceans. Correspundentamain eran s’augmentads en l’atmosfera ils ulteriurs gas en relaziun tar la vapur d’aua. </p><p>L’auta irradiaziun da radis ultraviolets ha manà ad ina dissoluziun fotochemica dals moleculs dad aua, metan ed amoniac, uschia ch’èn s’augmentadas las cumparts da dioxid carbonic e nitrogen. Gas pli levs sco idrogen u helium èn percunter s’evapurads en l’univers. Il dioxid carbonic è sa dissolvì en grondas quantitads en ils oceans e vegnì duvrà per part da microorganissems. Betg tangà da quai è stà il nitrogen; la cumpart da quel è anc creschida en il decurs dal temp, uschia che quel furmava avant ca. 3,4 milliardas onns la cumponenta principala da l’atmosfera. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteca:Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg/220px-Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg/330px-Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg/440px-Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="529" /></a><figcaption>Svilup da la cumpart d’oxigen en l’atmosfera (lingia cotschna: situaziun odierna)</figcaption></figure> <p>Per l’ulteriur svilup vers l’atmosfera odierna ha l’oxigen giugà la rolla principala. Cianobacterias cun fotosintesa oxigena han manà ad in’ulteriura reducziun da la concentraziun da dioxid carbonic, augmentond a medem temp la cumpart d’oxigen. Quest ultim è però vegnì consumà a l’entschatta en ils oceans en rom da l’oxidaziun da ions da fier ed idrogen sulfuric. Pir avant ca. duas milliardas onns è l’oxigen arrivà en l’atmosfera, numnadamain en quel mument che las substanzas che reageschan cun oxigen han cumenzà a daventar stgarsas. Avant ina milliarda onns ha la concentraziun d’oxigen en l’atmosfera surpassà 3 %, uschia ch’ha pudì sa furmar en il decurs dals proxims 400 milliuns onns in’emprima stresa d’ozon. Avant 500–600 milliuns onns è la cumpart d’oxigen en l’atmosfera creschida a moda rapida, e quai pervi da las plantas da la terra ch’èn sa sviluppadas da quel temp en massa. Avant 350 milliuns onns è stà cuntanschì l’emprima giada il nivel odiern. Suenter pliras grondas fluctuaziuns durant il <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesozoicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesozoicum (n'exista betg)">mesozoicum</a> ha la cumpart d’oxigen en l’aria la finala cuntanschì la valur odierna da 21 %.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annotaziuns">Annotaziuns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifitgar secziun: Annotaziuns" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Annotaziuns"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160820013125/http://cdiac.ornl.gov/tracegases.html">https://web.archive.org/web/20160820013125/http://cdiac.ornl.gov/tracegases.html</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tenor wiki.bildungsserver.de: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.bildungsserver.de/klimawandel/index.php/Geschichte_der_Erdatmosph%C3%A4re"><i>Geschichte der Erdatmosphäre</i></a> e Karl-Heinz Ludwig: <i>Eine kurze Geschichte des Klimas</i>, p. 14s., Verlag C.H.Beck.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Litteratura">Litteratura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifitgar secziun: Litteratura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=8" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Litteratura"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Helmut Kraus: <i>Die Atmosphäre der Erde – eine Einführung in die Meteorologie.</i> Springer, Berlin 2004, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3540206566" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-540-20656-6</a>.</li> <li>Kshudiram Saha: <i>The earth’s atmosphere – its physics and dynamics.</i> Springer, Berlin 2008, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9783540784265" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-540-78426-5</a>.</li> <li>Mark Z. Jacobson: <i>Fundamentals of atmospheric modeling.</i> Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2005, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/0521548659" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-54865-9</a>.</li> <li>C.N. Hewitt: <i>Handbook of atmospheric science – principles and applications.</i> Blackwell, Malden (Massachusetts) 2003, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/0632052864" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-632-05286-4</a>.</li> <li>Kristian Schlegel: <i>Vom Regenbogen zum Polarlicht – Leuchterscheinungen in der Atmosphäre.</i> Spektrum, Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2001, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/3827411742" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-8274-1174-2</a>.</li> <li>Edmond Murad, Iwan P. Williams: <i>Meteors in the earth’s atmosphere – meteoroids and cosmic dust and their interactions with the earth’s upper atmosphere.</i> Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2002, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/0521804310" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-80431-0</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colliaziuns">Colliaziuns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifitgar secziun: Colliaziuns" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifitgar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&action=edit&section=9" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Colliaziuns"><span>modifitgar il code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Earth%27s_atmosphere?uselang=rm">Commons: Atmosfera da la terra</a></span></b> – Collecziun da maletgs, videos e datotecas d'audio</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kowoma.de/gps/zusatzerklaerungen/atmosphaere.htm">Las stresas da l’atmosfera en survista</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100826073702/http://www.astronomie.de/sonnensystem/erde/atme.htm">Atmosfera – mesosfera</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130213212917/http://modelweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/spdf_models_home.html#atmo">Model da l’atmosfera</a> dal National Space Science Data Center</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150206101258/http://www.atmosphere.mpg.de/enid/660">Project d’infurmaziun davart il clima per las scolas e la populaziun</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&oldid=160468">https://rm.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atmosfera_da_la_terra&oldid=160468</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Kategorien" title="Spezial:Kategorien">Categorias</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Scienzas_natiralas" title="Categoria:Scienzas natiralas">Scienzas natiralas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Artitgels_recumandads_(Terra)" title="Categoria:Artitgels recumandads (Terra)">Artitgels recumandads (Terra)</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categoria:Seiten,_die_magische_ISBN-Links_verwenden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categoria:Seiten, die magische ISBN-Links verwenden (n'exista betg)">Seiten, die magische ISBN-Links verwenden</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è vegnida modifitgada l'ultima giada ils 10. avust 2021 a las 20:44.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stats.grok.se/rm/latest30/Atmosfera_da_la_terra">Statistica d'access per questa pagina</a><br /><br /> Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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