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class="mw-page-title-main">Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="غايوس فايبوس بانسا كايترونياس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غايوس فايبوس بانسا كايترونياس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гай Вибий Панза Цетрониан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гай Вибий Панза Цетрониан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaj_Vibije_Pansa_Cetronijan" title="Gaj Vibije Pansa Cetronijan – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gaj Vibije Pansa Cetronijan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gai_Vibi_Pansa" title="Gai Vibi Pansa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gai Vibi Pansa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%AF%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Γάιος Βίβιος Πάνσας Καιτρονιανός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γάιος Βίβιος Πάνσας Καιτρονιανός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayo_Vibio_Pansa" title="Cayo Vibio Pansa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cayo Vibio Pansa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="Caius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Caius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaio_Vibio_Pansa" title="Gaio Vibio Pansa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gaio Vibio Pansa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90_%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="გაიუს ვიბიუს პანსა ცეტრონიანუსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გაიუს ვიბიუს პანსა ცეტრონიანუსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caius_Vibius_Pansa" title="Caius Vibius Pansa – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Caius Vibius Pansa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="جايوس فايبوس بانسا كايترونياس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جايوس فايبوس بانسا كايترونياس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AC%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%93%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8C%E3%82%B9" title="ガイウス・ウィビウス・パンサ・カエトロニアヌス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ガイウス・ウィビウス・パンサ・カエトロニアヌス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caio_V%C3%ADbio_Pansa_Cetroniano" title="Caio Víbio Pansa Cetroniano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Caio Víbio Pansa Cetroniano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гай Вибий Панса Цетрониан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гай Вибий Панса Цетрониан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaj_Vibije_Pansa_Cetronijan" title="Gaj Vibije Pansa Cetronijan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gaj Vibije Pansa Cetronijan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гай Вібій Панса Цетроніан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гай Вібій Панса Цетроніан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q431423#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Roman Republican politician and consul in 43 BC</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Gaius Vibius Pansa Caetronianus</b> (died 23 April 43 BC) was <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul" title="Roman consul">consul</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> in 43 BC. Although supporting <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Gaius Julius Caesar</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Caesar%27s_civil_war" title="Caesar's civil war">Civil War</a>, he pushed for the restoration of the Republic upon <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Julius_Caesar" title="Assassination of Julius Caesar">Caesar’s death</a>. He died of injuries sustained at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Forum_Gallorum" title="Battle of Forum Gallorum">Battle of Forum Gallorum</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pansa was the son of <a href="/wiki/Moneyer" title="Moneyer">moneyer</a> Gaius Vibius Pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the first members of the <a href="/wiki/Vibia_gens" title="Vibia gens">gens Vibia</a> to achieve political success, he was a <a href="/wiki/Novus_homo" title="Novus homo">Novus homo</a> who rose through the <i><a href="/wiki/Cursus_honorum" title="Cursus honorum">cursus honorum</a></i> as a result of his friendship with <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a>, under whom he served in <a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Gaul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally of <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization">Etruscan</a> descent and hailing from <a href="/wiki/Perusia" title="Perusia">Perusia</a> (modern <a href="/wiki/Perugia" title="Perugia">Perugia</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and possibly from a family which had been proscribed under <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Cornelius_Sulla" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucius Cornelius Sulla">Lucius Cornelius Sulla</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sumner has proposed that he was originally from the <a href="/wiki/Caetronia_gens" title="Caetronia gens">Caetronia gens</a> but was adopted by the moneyer Gaius Vibius Pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pansa was elected <a href="/wiki/Plebeian_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Plebeian Tribune">Plebeian Tribune</a> in 51 BC where he vetoed a number of anti-Caesarean resolutions of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Senate" title="Roman Senate">Senate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the civil war between Julius Caesar and <a href="/wiki/Pompey" title="Pompey">Pompey</a>, he actively supported the cause of the Caesareans. In 48 BC it is believed he was elected either as an <a href="/wiki/Aedile" title="Aedile">aedile</a> or as a <a href="/wiki/Praetor" title="Praetor">praetor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 47 BC Pansa was appointed governor of <a href="/wiki/Bithynia_et_Pontus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bithynia et Pontus">Bithynia et Pontus</a>, and returned to Rome sometime during 46 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that same year, Caesar appointed Pansa as governor of <a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaul" title="Cisalpine Gaul">Cisalpine Gaul</a> to replace <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Junius_Brutus_the_Younger" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Junius Brutus the Younger">Marcus Junius Brutus</a>, a post he took up on 15 March 45 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around this time, he was also elected to the post of <a href="/wiki/Augur" title="Augur">augur</a>, one of the priests of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Ancient Rome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 44 BC, Caesar designated him as the <a href="/wiki/Roman_consul" title="Roman consul">consul</a> for the upcoming year (43 BC)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sometime before 21 April 44 BC, Pansa had returned from Cisalpine Gaul, and was based at <a href="/wiki/Campania" title="Campania">Campania</a>, waiting for the situation at Rome to settle down after the <a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Julius_Caesar" title="Assassination of Julius Caesar">assassination of Julius Caesar</a> on 15 March 44 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The luxurious villa-estate at Ossaia near <a href="/wiki/Cortona" title="Cortona">Cortona</a> was probably owned by him, as part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Gens_Vibia" class="mw-redirect" title="Gens Vibia">gens Vibia</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recognised as a moderate man and a supporter of peaceful compromise,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> upon his return to Rome, Pansa became the leader of the moderate Caesareans and one of the leading proponents for the return of the Republic, which put him on a collision course with <a href="/wiki/Mark_Antony" title="Mark Antony">Marcus Antonius</a>, whom Pansa began to oppose by late 44 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had also begun entering into discussions with <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Octavianus</a>, Julius Caesar’s adopted son, who was also in Campania at the same time as Pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, Pansa was not totally hostile to Marcus Antonius, and while he wanted to limit Antonius’s power, he did not want to destroy him totally, nor was he willing to embrace the anti-Caesarean faction in the Senate and begin a new round of civil wars.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Added to this was the fact that Pansa was married to Fufia, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Quintus_Fufius_Calenus" title="Quintus Fufius Calenus">Quintus Fufius Calenus</a>, who was a key supporter of Antonius.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Consulship_and_death">Consulship and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Consulship and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 1 January 43 BC, Pansa became consul along with <a href="/wiki/Aulus_Hirtius" title="Aulus Hirtius">Aulus Hirtius</a>. They opened the debate in the Senate about what course of action was to be taken, if any, against Marcus Antonius. The discussion lasted four days; Pansa’s preference was to unite the Caesarean factions and restore harmony to the Republic, but to no avail.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Octavianus refused to co-operate with Antonius, while <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aemilius_Lepidus_(triumvir)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (triumvir)">Marcus Aemilius Lepidus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Munatius_Plancus" title="Lucius Munatius Plancus">Lucius Munatius Plancus</a> continued to support Antonius. The end result was the Senate legitimised the army of Octavianus, and assigned him to work alongside Pansa and Hirtius in their upcoming fight against Antonius.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Senate, rejecting Antonius’s compromises, directed the consuls to do whatever was necessary to preserve the security of the Republic and relieve <a href="/wiki/Decimus_Junius_Brutus_Albinus" title="Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus">Decimus Junius Brutus Albinus</a> at <a href="/wiki/Mutina" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutina">Mutina</a>. Although Pansa, along with <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Julius_Caesar_(consul_64_BC)" title="Lucius Julius Caesar (consul 64 BC)">Lucius Julius Caesar</a> successfully prevented Antonius being declared an <a href="/wiki/Enemy_of_the_state" title="Enemy of the state">Enemy of the state</a>, a state of war was declared.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When discussing the state of affairs in the east under <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Cassius_Longinus" title="Gaius Cassius Longinus">Gaius Cassius Longinus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Junius_Brutus" title="Marcus Junius Brutus">Brutus</a>, Pansa supported the motion to declare the Caesarean <a href="/wiki/Publius_Cornelius_Dolabella_(consul_44_BC)" title="Publius Cornelius Dolabella (consul 44 BC)">Publius Cornelius Dolabella</a> a public enemy, but managed to deny <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>’s proposal to grant Cassius extraordinary powers in the east to deal with Dolabella.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also legitimised Marcus Junius Brutus’s command in <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Roman_province)" title="Macedonia (Roman province)">Macedonia</a>, and gave official recognition to <a href="/wiki/Sextus_Pompey" title="Sextus Pompey">Sextus Pompey</a> in Sicily.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the Senate revoking much of the <i><a href="/wiki/Lex_Antonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lex Antonia">Lex Antonia</a></i>, especially the contentious <i>Lex Antonia Agraria</i>, Pansa was forced to push through measures which confirmed the colonies for Caesar’s veterans, as well as confirming many of Caesar’s acts and the abolition of the office of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Dictator" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Dictator">Dictator</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All this time Pansa was also responsible for raising fresh levies in order to deal with Antonius. By 19 March 43 BC, Pansa was marching north with four <a href="/wiki/Roman_legion" title="Roman legion">legions</a> of recruits, seeking to join up with Octavianus and Hirtius who were attempting to pin Antonius at Mutina.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antonius, hearing of Pansa's approach, intercepted him on 14 April 43 BC at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Forum_Gallorum" title="Battle of Forum Gallorum">Forum Gallorum</a>, some seven miles south-east of Mutina. Antonius crushed Pansa’s army, and Pansa was wounded during the battle. He only managed to escape when Hirtius’s army surprised Antonius on the battlefield, forcing Antonius to flee.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For his actions, Pansa (along with Octavianus and Hirtius) was proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Imperator" title="Imperator">imperator</a> by the Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was soon clear that Pansa was dying. He lived long enough to hear of Antonius’s second defeat at Mutina on 21 April, and the death of his consular colleague Hirtius during the battle. In his last hours he advised Octavianus not to trust Cicero and the rest of the Senate, and that they would turn on him at the first available opportunity.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pansa transferred command of his troops over to his <a href="/wiki/Quaestor" title="Quaestor">quaestor</a>, Manlius Torquatus, who arrested Pansa’s doctor, Glyco, on suspicion of having poisoned Pansa.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pansa died on 23 April 43 BC and received a magnificent public burial.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Museums Scotland</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 71; Anthon & Smith, pg. 601</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">see Syme, pg. 90 – his second cognomen <i>Caetronianus</i> is Etruscan in origin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 71, referencing Dio, 45:17:1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSumner1971" class="citation journal cs1">Sumner, G.V. (1971). "The Lex Annalis under Caesar". <i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(classics_journal)" title="Phoenix (classics journal)">Phoenix</a></i>. <b>25</b> (3): 255. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1087361">10.2307/1087361</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1087361">1087361</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Phoenix&rft.atitle=The+Lex+Annalis+under+Caesar&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=255&rft.date=1971&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1087361&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1087361%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Sumner&rft.aufirst=G.V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaius+Vibius+Pansa+Caetronianus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 240; Syme, pg. 71; Anthon & Smith, pg. 601</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Based upon the coins he issued during that year – see Broughton, pgs. 257 & 273, & Broughton, <i>The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol III</i>, pg. 219</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 298</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 309; Anthon & Smith, pg. 601; Broughton, Vol III, pg. 219</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 313</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anthon & Smith, pg. 601</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 330</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Imperial “Villa” at Ossaia (Arezzo, Italy): Preliminary Data on the Territory of Roman Cortona, Helena Fracchia et al. Echos du monde classique: Classical views, University of Toronto Press, Volume XL, n.s. 15, Number 1, 1996, pgs. 157–200</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 100</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pgs. 315–316</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 114</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pgs. 133–134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 134</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 133</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pgs. 167 & 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 334; Syme, pgs. 170–171</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 172</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pgs. 334–335</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 334</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 173; Broughton, pg. 335</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pgs. 173–174; Broughton, pg. 335</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 335; Syme, pg. 174</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syme, pg. 177; Broughton, pg. 335</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 340</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broughton, pg. 335; Broughton, Vol III, pg. 219</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaius_Vibius_Pansa_Caetronianus&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Shannon_Broughton" title="Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton">T. Robert S. Broughton</a>, <i>The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol II</i> (1952).</li> <li>Syme, Ronald, <i>The Roman Revolution</i>, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1939.</li> <li>Anthon, Charles & Smith, William, <i>A New Classical Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography, Mythology and Geography</i> (1860).</li> <li>National Museums Scotland <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nms.scran.ac.uk/database/record.php?usi=000-100-065-761-C&scache=1ez74nkalc&searchdb=scran">nms.scran.ac.uk</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Antony" title="Mark Antony">Mark Antony</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Publius_Cornelius_Dolabella_(consul_44_BC)" title="Publius Cornelius Dolabella (consul 44 BC)">P. Cornelius Dolabella</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_consuls" title="List of Roman consuls">Roman consul</a> </b><br />43 BC <br />With: <b> <a href="/wiki/Aulus_Hirtius" title="Aulus Hirtius">Aulus Hirtius</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Octavian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Pedius_(consul)" title="Quintus Pedius (consul)">Quintus Pedius</a></div><i><b>as suffecti </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt 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