CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91351e011cfd87a8',cH: 'VCL0VAXr0xkD3rb2IJavVWGHxJciH0i9T7i1_fschDY-1739788385-1.2.1.1-srNBzfFpTcZQlYAc6L4dJnYqw3md9Dv5eVR_FxpUgSTtUtOG8..BotJPbdlFZfZi',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=CSR&__cf_chl_tk=IQyL675c4iWOM9Vcd5ASuPcmIZdOXzuf8j0R_NCBpKM-1739788385-1.0.1.1-MHvEqce8bDWksuAK3nz4XRHNdDz4feO3lqDOPcrYGAc",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788385',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=CSR&__cf_chl_f_tk=IQyL675c4iWOM9Vcd5ASuPcmIZdOXzuf8j0R_NCBpKM-1739788385-1.0.1.1-MHvEqce8bDWksuAK3nz4XRHNdDz4feO3lqDOPcrYGAc",md: "eQOMoFtig2KW1ffah3aYvuqaO5aYjmjk8U3la9Ll7a0-1739788385-1.2.1.1-KaQlgHpAg.HZS_pP4hFsXGBSW_2F_.ruxkt2tPBcXuRMH0o6gqNs_Tb82ukoM3IGIEc7zNOGLphNguWBdTCzzqRVHfdsLKBTYSfkPOZw59gQDY7Arn32EKgPbwyxXjLNkekW58yJ7WsdpLmvACl3YMJXRuENYlvfU9.mCsDQxldvFmIUZBN5QbgydBdUmWT1Hoec25961waWtiGZnJ95iQk6Icl3KCvMssvLwuoVSv00Hl5.MAXjV05_s4e7lc7mMqyWAMrXqU5MbDc84MQ.J88aEupAzAF8jWJNIpRaQFq9X2isnKWKRZSc9_Zj5j1rCHPbd7ZUtr67XjxQL7dpsqFbAnlVnUk70yUhRR15dF4GIv6tPW5leCNKg1xAZgcTLvGBCUlgfQKTWvqQn8vpJIuMwTX7qYfVUhgQ1vK9Zo1D_shH8QA9GVmQUra7iUIIsuWxjQDpP4L9wJLEdmezAYE20WbYkbFiRFNKVADtGqpyE_KsKizIqkNgNfSMXkqimydGRZZ9Je4NLjhsQh8xdyfvU2AlkjPnZYj2CI2xg3DOh5ZBW_iCEV_kFJFmBEQh1UCUwWtfHyx2CZcYa0g5tm__Vzf5cK8Kt3x45XBX_lhLRwYZliTyh.jA.IZ4JKtE3MuKHngnG4JRI2EDatYXdZZnyTfvtFxrK1MWi39VFpDCfYZv7Y7rkUqOoPec_i6w5q.aDC4MVrslZtMW3EAYUWBbQ0VfgmLXHKDqRGYD.q4b.bCU.itlT36dDdCOuJUfNvYai8TEALnBLyAQQD5rWRH0fwvgbEvkqyYm6g0S5bbjmL1l0gqa9P4gGoYWslQyAL5tfPjBGz349pkYBFndcLfWPDG3tNfUTKGR0lUHQn.TxM8Y1lHLvArMFQZieEc2owePO7FPluP9hLJzh0cDY_ys31DKrsq0DBbzHbTfPI_16i6IsAHYCAKuH9nmE043O371CI6CnHxBizMbE0.Dpf11jzsJWE0cP4EnBmsIWMkOjEg.EE6ttNJqBXs10vra_AyQMPBBz8BqWkz8PpHZwQTUbS.uFDivHaStuwfcS.gzkEYXNO362ER.gK9GpP0tarev4lSOOCrqR2aiBckOrCxUtwF.bw34yKTN_oNTFsTne3JIcZYnbra02mr2O3156HsNl5sGpDWabRGAKcpaflDN6muL9GVH..1gijv0rsgd11ns7ml3bMWvra3Hd1Xizsx2_qnWvKb_2gXV6pv2_Krc733V9AWbqWZ5AqSk1iqylYfeEFHJ0I37Rk7A6S5NULmmr6hgOfLLBPNQI6vbcpS_m5N8RO.B_7XPR21nrrd4VzOocqdOY4jaQEzHUVOrSc20xQMHDcYcQqUDmDO6XBXbFgXSsAmBDKBWFL4MqT3Q4wcSl0T9wuoGX3KjNXuIvwkVdEDiEGlXShoYhdFrpom3RcOm_PQD8u9fMsIVDsFwsUu37Bqg1VEVqLxG_y9FccY7swTSHky6yT3mGjTGQZ8bU5xxIz8iAsKz8SbHPntrXY2lP_J8zUxLv_t9y3YZKETgW2xYQZUkqd78P22JZY0rWsoU7TpwcG3z5LvA5xiXxROtXtQM4CLEM.2ZDqvlKRpekxKBQYIVsiow0sAoMi0i9Sb7zOGAY4_gNjs4eDUFFeSBqcvNxmg1pELN0tTMDDA4tShN.Y2inzv6P.pQNgky1ErHyqcC3HkFLpGLTwd9oIyyyiD48dmTl_wrOI9.O1zkrSlZwzZuDqb_HfMygEFIh6WeGxtAYIc55ACV73P1p.BWZg4554UB38tu9pQjrLUwk8uTtWdI0xGVHcIY.zGuUzPoGcBeRm2UtmavrT0d.chGjr2UHKRs5kcY5WWjchAkG27Sp5OB4mzwfqhLhdERZ8GhiQsXEgaqDYp.y3dhQCDrGF18F05pfCY3oEnI",mdrd: "eAyRUUw7yJj_GLoXCz4q55oruyampM.CCa1KzY5PIN8-1739788385-1.2.1.1-OxQY2ta9bh3vUoV9fVcyDGrRiJ8aEqvGB6ug45ckTlDuckP_KeSwFmAXPOAWmyYJ6jg79gYVfPbFE8ygzKxN2pL.lnuLuMmXr3xFDn6T9w0rq0l_WoxYHOU3VQTZGvJbtoLe7.tnscoHQMbghGj9cAi3AjwijJ2i71KVJLPlgFw.A0bpPiQ85PqQVT1URrelDKqr0O6n3g7NUg_Bkzh0NqixNVphE5nHeAK0A_PXWR.x5nicVXFuyorFfToWw3kWP9j7eivNBI9jQZCmIafUmdY0.P.ClupwMvN2sE.rtwfqx75ejsgVR7ZtYuSeLg8keppiGLafYIz3MvsoA_cstoSjU0EjUuC4qza6cQatcoBZi5A9CSMTlr.ehBGfioKAYTi4YjMREzs6nVRyqeEaMdvMI2_EgCHIycEm9oyMD421e.qEuUOubj_WUSVf6ysUaveR44lbaoYRM5P2Cw519Cn4xnlcnagPrCxBeGEfg_B_MQjgXQ..QeFa_Bn5CddUKSnCg.GED_WrmROn_rnmJ.Nq0zQwkRmrWPM15HRIcO3GOMekJ7fhGyDOBQmxDgb2MGof0.Zq3LeT6fkuDIqqlt6DJcxhoPG.3__7ifhcdJBwuuqR5h1_rRF.0kcd7eRcCfG4vhcVekXl9qnOb6XXi2eoxzKU6d45xJrpS9kdklfrJ0R2t0AnlI5BFWw2clu0TKHcEHhKnvk1nQBpcy9gYVYUIldDUQrixia_NABbXmpszEn.AHqjRkKwDZx_x7nmhOrb6qnK2NPeN3Me58nP7MlnGq0ZXZtPIkEH5_yM68RJ6uqlFZLLnAvX1HpbmUCAggVOogeH9T5ZHBADZa3ge3KDqZiNExeVz.K4AA3V4zO8sGf4bzONfvRtRu3kKo7gM6XRRkcik6uKX65Fw0vEdchJsG0VHrTo54IfdEiGn_8upVOoJjqXIrH97z7G839mzBFHM1h97ID52iWd3609ZpdTvdyrkgWjuoNeTpoAMM0oKQCYRb1dOfyo6BwFUjtObyu.lvFXDGwl.iGc84xu4kdbm07lPiZ9CvbpjTTPZ8KtUax1s3QIyNwOG_txE.OeqTpSlQ0IPrsaQwbQVMK7c9r1UL8Z_PsduG242G9LPXATJlgfifc1yn2.B7R2eSjoRGql.DGY8I5D8Z8ahvZAHDLMCXPfZArZ4uq01uu4luvjOL.naJdnnYWBfj1xey3U3aH9egliiE5rVrN_M5gc0JDQd2vQT6f4aZu1lBsynuGfP_MYVJATaWsybW0hXWkZhyXcx_JgCs41i.hCOqiNH4FiSOXT8hp4rc4Y2ETxMGDeapps9JVZcBpKaKnwd9Zn5v58K309DkoCsWwq5ATQ_98ERNR1Ia8cjj4bDhebJ_rXaeJ4euPfLb_SL2I7ALjZ1Hyj4m33zKDMO1ir0lM1ojPK_VZ4vocVUET4WN76LwO8nUHiRnUwNCGcRVenoyESyrs51cl7S5OtNw2pSjdOaGEZ0COBYue6KdYIvXVt05zs1E0KJkH7VLf5kTUeQc6jvloeh6r0V.LWJhkBc0PZ6l10aVtGE7FRtLG9c_fshSkM5hV70P8GWH2lMsum37GDGeqvfT8j7lZMgT1gZT0RSN7WyftZ_oUcm.xNHogNUrjmwzRjmF96imhpkqn.Ij2l4BYE6HSHbnVj5e7iRkSd6hnyF6mv_BZv2k5nkf5UmwvBwjJQTx96NpRqZMLmmjnGYulNidsohQlU7G1u7V0WjGQLqT4geuQNiQrnniuaK6C6MKf0DJhcqq3g3Dl3Xt0rmVmZ5sLKAeX60NxoEAtAYelCUsKfF1ExyH6GdcON3xcQk1iPmJ_aCe.MptVGL9s7jhIVcCXq7TRc02Rge0wf1Ft.OyXF33ifPWIqA4_C42QheWXo0hL1ufRS3uSmio4mcaL8jFEFtbJMV_JHWXro2OSkeQ1vlbE4WOi2GSelS9Hr9Xq6bnf5TLNUkQJLHr93"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91351e011cfd87a8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=CSR&__cf_chl_rt_tk=IQyL675c4iWOM9Vcd5ASuPcmIZdOXzuf8j0R_NCBpKM-1739788385-1.0.1.1-MHvEqce8bDWksuAK3nz4XRHNdDz4feO3lqDOPcrYGAc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>