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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Revelation 1 Christian Standard Bible</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/chapnew2.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="../spec.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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Grace and peace<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.4.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> to you from<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.4.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> the one who is, who was, and who is to come,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.4.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> and from the seven spirits<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.4.2"><span class="fnAlphabet">B</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.4.3"><span class="xrfAlphabet">c</span></a> before his throne, <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.5" /> <A name="6"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-5.htm"><b>5</b></a></span>and from Jesus Christ, the faithful witness,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.5.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> the firstborn from the dead<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.5.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> and the ruler of the kings of the earth.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.5.3"><span class="xrfAlphabet">c</span></a></p><p class="scripture">To him who loves us and has set us free<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.5.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> from our sins by his blood,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.5.4"><span class="xrfAlphabet">d</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.6" /> <A name="7"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-6.htm"><b>6</b></a></span>and made us a kingdom,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.6.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> priests<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.6.2"><span class="fnAlphabet">B</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.6.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> to his God and Father — to him be glory and dominion forever and ever. Amen.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.6.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a></p><blockquote class="otdynprose"><p class="scripture"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.7" /> <A name="8"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-7.htm"><b>7</b></a></span><span class="otquote">Look, he is coming with the clouds,</span><a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.7.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a></p><p class="scripture">and <span class="otquote">every eye will see him,</span></p><p class="scripture"><span class="otquote">even those who pierced</span><span class="otquote"> him.</span></p><p class="scripture"><span class="otquote">And all the tribes<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.7.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> of the earth</span><a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.7.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.7.3"><span class="xrfAlphabet">c</span></a></p><p class="scripture"><span class="otquote">will mourn over him.</span><a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.7.2"><span class="fnAlphabet">B</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.7.4"><span class="xrfAlphabet">d</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.7.5"><span class="xrfAlphabet">e</span></a></p><p class="scripture">So it is to be. Amen.</p></blockquote><p class="scripture"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.8" /> <A name="9"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-8.htm"><b>8</b></a></span>“I am the Alpha and the Omega,”<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.8.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> says the Lord God, “the one who is, who was, and who is to come, the Almighty.”</p><h3 class="head1">John’s Vision of the Risen Lord</h3><p class="noind"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.9" /> <A name="10"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-9.htm"><b>9</b></a></span>I, John, your brother and partner in the affliction,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.9.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> kingdom,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.9.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> and endurance<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.9.3"><span class="xrfAlphabet">c</span></a> that are in Jesus, was on the island called Patmos because of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.9.4"><span class="xrfAlphabet">d</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.10" /> <A name="11"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-10.htm"><b>10</b></a></span>I was in the Spirit<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.10.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">a</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.10.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> on the Lord’s day, and I heard a loud voice behind me like a trumpet<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.10.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.11" /> <A name="12"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-11.htm"><b>11</b></a></span>saying, <span class="redletter">“Write<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.11.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> on a scroll<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.11.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> what you see and send it to the seven churches: Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, and Laodicea.”</span></p><p class="scripture"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.12" /> <A name="13"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-12.htm"><b>12</b></a></span>Then I turned to see whose voice<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.12.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> it was that spoke to me. When I turned I saw seven golden lampstands,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.12.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.13" /> <A name="14"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-13.htm"><b>13</b></a></span>and among the lampstands was one like the Son of Man,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.13.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">a</span></a> <a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.13.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> dressed in a robe<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.13.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> and with a golden sash wrapped around his chest.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.13.3"><span class="xrfAlphabet">c</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.14" /> <A name="15"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-14.htm"><b>14</b></a></span>The hair of his head was white as wool — white as snow<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.14.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> — and his eyes like a fiery flame.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.14.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.15" /> <A name="16"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-15.htm"><b>15</b></a></span>His feet were like fine bronze as it is fired in a furnace,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.15.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> and his voice like the sound of cascading<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.15.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> waters.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.15.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.16" /> <A name="17"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-16.htm"><b>16</b></a></span>He had seven stars in his right hand; a sharp double-edged sword came from his mouth,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.16.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> and his face was shining like the sun at full strength.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.16.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a></p><p class="scripture"><span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.17" /> <A name="18"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-17.htm"><b>17</b></a></span>When I saw him, I fell at his feet like a dead man.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.17.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> He laid his right hand on me and said,<span class="redletter"> “Don’t be afraid. I am the First and the Last,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.17.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.18" /> <A name="19"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-18.htm"><b>18</b></a></span>and the Living One.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.18.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> I was dead, but look — I am alive forever and ever,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.18.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a> and I hold the keys<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.18.3"><span class="xrfAlphabet">c</span></a> of death and Hades. <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.19" /> <A name="20"></a><span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-19.htm"><b>19</b></a></span>Therefore write what you have seen,<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.19.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> what is, and what will take place after this. <span epub:type="z3998:verse" id="start-Revelation.1.20" /> <span class="reftext"><a href="/revelation/1-20.htm"><b>20</b></a></span>The mystery<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.20.1"><span class="xrfAlphabet">a</span></a> of the seven stars you saw in my right hand and of the seven golden lampstands is this: The seven stars are the angels<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.20.1"><span class="fnAlphabet">A</span></a> of the seven churches, and the seven lampstands<a epub:type="noteref" href="#fn.Revelation.1.20.2"><span class="fnAlphabet">B</span></a> are the seven churches.<a epub:type="noteref" href="#xrf.Revelation.1.20.2"><span class="xrfAlphabet">b</span></a></span></p><p class="supertitle">The Letters to the Seven Churches</p><br /><section id="footnotes-Revelation.1" class="fnSection"><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.1.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.1">1:1</a></span> Or <span class="italic">Revelation of</span>, or <span class="italic">A revelation of</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.2.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.2">1:2</a></span> Or <span class="italic">witness</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.2.2"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.2">1:2</a></span> Or <span class="italic">as many as he saw</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.3.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.3">1:3</a></span> Or <span class="italic">follow</span>, or <span class="italic">obey</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.4.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.4">1:4</a></span> Other mss add <span class="italic">God</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.4.2"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.4">1:4</a></span> Or <span class="italic">the sevenfold Spirit</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.5.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.5">1:5</a></span> Other mss read <span class="italic">has washed us</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.6.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.6">1:6</a></span> Other mss read <span class="italic">kings and</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.6.2"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.6">1:6</a></span> Or <span class="italic">made us into</span> (or <span class="italic">to be</span>) <span class="italic">a kingdom of priests</span> ; Ex 19:6</aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.7.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.7">1:7</a></span> Or <span class="italic">peoples</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.7.2"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.7">1:7</a></span> Or <span class="italic">will wail because of him</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.10.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.10">1:10</a></span> Or <span class="italic">in spirit</span> ; lit <span class="italic">I became in the Spirit</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.11.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.11">1:11</a></span> Or <span class="italic">book</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.13.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.13">1:13</a></span> Or <span class="italic">like a son of man</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.15.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.15">1:15</a></span> Lit <span class="italic">many</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.20.1"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.20">1:20</a></span> Or <span class="italic">messengers</span></aside><aside id="fn.Revelation.1.20.2"><span class="footnote-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.20">1:20</a></span> Other mss add <span class="italic">that you saw</span></aside><br /><section id="cross-references-Revelation.1" class="xrfSection"><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.1.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.1">1:1</a></span> Ac 2:18; Rm 6:19; 1Pt 2:16; Rv 22:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.1.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.1">1:1</a></span> Dn 2:28–29,45; Rv 22:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.1.3"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.1">1:1</a></span> Gn 24:7; Mt 1:24; Ac 12:11</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.1.4"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.1">1:1</a></span> Jn 21:7; Rv 22:8</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.2.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.2">1:2</a></span> 1Co 1:6; Rv 12:17; 19:10; 20:4</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.3.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.3">1:3</a></span> Rv 14:13; 16:15; 19:9; 20:6; 22:7,14</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.4.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.4">1:4</a></span> Ti 1:4</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.4.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.4">1:4</a></span> Rv 1:8,17; 4:8; 16:5</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.4.3"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.4">1:4</a></span> Rv 3:1; 4:5; 5:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.5.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.5">1:5</a></span> Ps 89:37; Jn 18:37; Rv 2:13; 3:14</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.5.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.5">1:5</a></span> Ps 89:27; Ac 26:23; Rm 8:29; 1Co 15:20–23; Col 1:18</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.5.3"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.5">1:5</a></span> Ps 89:27; Rv 17:14; 19:16</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.5.4"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.5">1:5</a></span> Dt 7:8; Rm 8:2</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.6.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.6">1:6</a></span> Ex 19:6; 1Pt 2:9; Rv 5:10; 20:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.6.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.6">1:6</a></span> Rm 11:36; 1Pt 4:11; Jd 25; Rv 7:12</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.7.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.7">1:7</a></span> Is 19:1; Zch 12:10; Jn 19:34–37</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.7.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.7">1:7</a></span> Gn 12:3; 28:14; Zch 14:17</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.7.3"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.7">1:7</a></span> Gn 12:3; 28:14; Zch 14:17</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.7.4"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.7">1:7</a></span> Dn 7:13; Zch 12:10</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.7.5"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.7">1:7</a></span> Dn 7:13; Zch 12:10</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.8.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.8">1:8</a></span> Is 44:6; Rv 21:6; 22:13</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.9.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.9">1:9</a></span> Jn 16:33; Ac 14:22; Rm 5:3; 2Tm 2:12; Rv 2:9</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.9.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.9">1:9</a></span> Mt 25:34; Jms 2:5</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.9.3"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.9">1:9</a></span> Rm 5:3–4; 8:25; 15:4; Col 1:11; 2Th 1:4; Heb 10:36; 12:1; Jms 1:3–4; Rv 2:3; 3:10; 13:10; 14:12</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.9.4"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.9">1:9</a></span> Rv 1:2; 6:9; 12:17; 19:10; 20:4</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.10.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.10">1:10</a></span> 1Kg 18:12; Ezk 3:12; 2Co 12:2; Rv 4:2; 17:3; 21:10</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.10.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.10">1:10</a></span> Ex 19:16,19; 20:18; Ps 47:5</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.11.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.11">1:11</a></span> Ex 34:27; Dt 31:19; Is 8:1; 30:8; Jr 30:2; 36:2,28; Hab 2:2; Rv 2:1,8,12,18; 3:1,7,14; 14:3; 19:9; 21:5</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.12.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.12">1:12</a></span> Ex 20:18</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.12.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.12">1:12</a></span> Ex 25:37; 37:23; 2Ch 4:20; Zch 4:2</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.13.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.13">1:13</a></span> Dn 7:13; 10:16; Rv 14:14</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.13.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.13">1:13</a></span> Dn 10:5</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.13.3"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.13">1:13</a></span> Rv 15:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.14.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.14">1:14</a></span> Is 1:18; Dn 7:9</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.14.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.14">1:14</a></span> Dn 10:6; Rv 2:18; 19:12</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.15.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.15">1:15</a></span> Ezk 1:7; Dn 10:6; Rv 2:18</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.15.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.15">1:15</a></span> Ezk 1:24; 43:2; Rv 14:2; 19:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.16.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.16">1:16</a></span> Is 49:2; Heb 4:12; Rv 2:12,16; 19:15</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.16.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.16">1:16</a></span> Mt 17:2; Rv 10:1</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.17.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.17">1:17</a></span> Gn 17:3; Jdg 6:22–23; 13:20; Jb 42:5–6; Is 6:5; Ezk 1:28; Dn 8:17; Mt 17:6; Lk 1:12; 5:8</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.17.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.17">1:17</a></span> Is 41:4; 44:6; 48:12; Rv 2:8; 22:13</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.18.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.18">1:18</a></span> Mt 16:16; 26:63; Jn 6:57; Rv 4:10; 10:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.18.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.18">1:18</a></span> Rm 6:9; 14:9; Rv 2:8; 10:6</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.18.3"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.18">1:18</a></span> Mt 16:19</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.19.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.19">1:19</a></span> Ex 17:14; 34:27; Dt 31:19; Jr 30:2; Hab 2:2</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.20.1"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.20">1:20</a></span> Mt 13:35; Rm 16:25</aside><aside id="xrf.Revelation.1.20.2"><span class="cross-reference"><a href="#start-Revelation.1.20">1:20</a></span> Mt 5:14–15</aside><br /><section id="study-notes-Revelation.1" class="snSection"><br /></div><div id="botbox"><div class="padbot"><div align="center">The Christian Standard Bible. 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