CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="nl" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Surrealisme - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )nlwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","januari","februari","maart","april","mei","juni","juli","augustus","september","oktober","november","december"],"wgRequestId":"247f27af-bfec-4282-b546-25f30ec06971","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Surrealisme","wgTitle":"Surrealisme","wgCurRevisionId":68364542,"wgRevisionId":68364542,"wgArticleId":1640,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Dada","Filmgenre","Literair genre","Moderne kunst","Schilderkunst van de 20e eeuw","Schilderstijl","Surrealisme"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"nl","wgPageContentLanguage":"nl","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Surrealisme","wgRelevantArticleId":1640,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"nl","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"nl"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q39427","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading", "ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.Direct-link-to-Commons","ext.gadget.ProtectionTemplates","ext.gadget.InterProjectLinks","ext.gadget.hoofdbetekenis-titelwijziging","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.OpenStreetMapFrame","ext.gadget.subpages","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface", "ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=nl&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=nl&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=nl&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Dona_i_Ocell.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="2304"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Dona_i_Ocell.JPG/800px-Dona_i_Ocell.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1536"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Dona_i_Ocell.JPG/640px-Dona_i_Ocell.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1229"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Surrealisme - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//nl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Bewerken" href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (nl)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Surrealisme rootpage-Surrealisme skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Naar inhoud springen</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Hoofdmenu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hoofdmenu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hoofdmenu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hoofdmenu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" title="Naar de hoofdpagina gaan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hoofdpagina</span></a></li><li id="n-zoekartikel" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Navigatie"><span>Vind een artikel</span></a></li><li id="n-today" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/3_maart"><span>Vandaag</span></a></li><li id="n-Etalage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Etalage"><span>Etalage</span></a></li><li id="n-categories" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles"><span>Categorieën</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingen" title="Een lijst met recente wijzigingen in deze wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recente wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:NieuwePaginas"><span>Nieuwe artikelen</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Willekeurig" title="Een willekeurige pagina bekijken [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Willekeurige pagina</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas"><span>Speciale pagina's</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation2" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation2" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Informatie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Gebruikersportaal" title="Informatie over het project: wat u kunt doen, waar u dingen kunt vinden"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-Snelcursus" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Snelcursus"><span>Snelcursus</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Hulp_en_beheer" title="Hulpinformatie over deze wiki"><span>Hulp en contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hoofdpagina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="de vrije encyclopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-nl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Zoeken" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Zoeken</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Doorzoek Wikipedia" aria-label="Doorzoek Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Doorzoek Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciaal:Zoeken"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Zoeken</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="De lettergrootte, breedte en kleur van de pagina wijzigen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uiterlijk" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uiterlijk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl" class=""><span>Doneren</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Surrealisme" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Surrealisme" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=nl.wikipedia.org&uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&returnto=Surrealisme" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&returnto=Surrealisme" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina's voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Benaming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Benaming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Benaming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Benaming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kenmerken_en_technieken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kenmerken_en_technieken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kenmerken en technieken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kenmerken_en_technieken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_Surrealisme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_Surrealisme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modern Surrealisme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_Surrealisme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwante_stromingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwante_stromingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verwante stromingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwante_stromingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrealistische_kunstenaars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrealistische_kunstenaars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Surrealistische kunstenaars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surrealistische_kunstenaars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Psychoanalyse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychoanalyse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Psychoanalyse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Psychoanalyse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lijst_van_belangrijke_surrealistische_werken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lijst_van_belangrijke_surrealistische_werken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Lijst van belangrijke surrealistische werken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lijst_van_belangrijke_surrealistische_werken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beeldhouwkunst" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beeldhouwkunst"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Beeldhouwkunst</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beeldhouwkunst-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrealisme_in_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrealisme_in_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Surrealisme in films</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Surrealisme_in_films-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Surrealisme in films-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Surrealisme_in_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kern_van_surrealistische_kijk_op_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kern_van_surrealistische_kijk_op_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Kern van surrealistische kijk op films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kern_van_surrealistische_kijk_op_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrealistische_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrealistische_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Surrealistische films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surrealistische_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrealisme_in_de_fotografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrealisme_in_de_fotografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Surrealisme in de fotografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surrealisme_in_de_fotografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrealisme_in_de_literatuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrealisme_in_de_literatuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Surrealisme in de literatuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surrealisme_in_de_literatuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Literatuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Externe links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgave" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Surrealisme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 102 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Surrealisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismus" title="Surrealismus – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Surrealismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="سريالية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سريالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%87" title="السيرياليه – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="السيرياليه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismu" title="Surrealismu – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Surrealismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCrrealizm" title="Sürrealizm – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sürrealizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="سوررئالیسم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوررئالیسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюррэалізм – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сюррэалізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюррэалізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сюррэалізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Сюрреализъм – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сюрреализъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="পরাবাস্তববাদ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পরাবাস্তববাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadrealizam" title="Nadrealizam – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nadrealizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Surrealisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%B5%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سوریاڵیزم – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سوریاڵیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisimu" title="Surrealisimu – Corsicaans" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Surrealisimu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsicaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismus" title="Surrealismus – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Surrealismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюрреализм – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сюрреализм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swrealaeth" title="Swrealaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Swrealaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Surrealisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismus" title="Surrealismus – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Surrealismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zazakipediya:S%C3%BCryalizm" title="Zazakipediya:Süryalizm – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zazakipediya:Süryalizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Υπερρεαλισμός – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υπερρεαλισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Surrealism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superrealismo" title="Superrealismo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Superrealismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Surrealismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCrrealism" title="Sürrealism – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sürrealism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Surrealismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B9%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="فراواقع‌گرایی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فراواقع‌گرایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismi" title="Surrealismi – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Surrealismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisma" title="Surrealisma – Faeröers" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Surrealisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faeröers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surr%C3%A9alisme" title="Surréalisme – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Surréalisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osr%C3%A9alachas" title="Osréalachas – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Osréalachas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Surrealismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="પરાવાસ્તવવાદ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પરાવાસ્તવવાદ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="סוריאליזם – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוריאליזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="अतियथार्थवाद – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अतियथार्थवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadrealizam" title="Nadrealizam – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nadrealizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sireyalis" title="Sireyalis – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sireyalis" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%BCrrealizmus" title="Szürrealizmus – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szürrealizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%BC%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Սյուրռեալիզմ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սյուրռեալիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surealisme" title="Surealisme – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Surealisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BArrealismi" title="Súrrealismi – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Súrrealismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Surrealismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A0" title="シュルレアリスム – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シュルレアリスム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur%C3%A9alisme" title="Suréalisme – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Suréalisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სიურრეალიზმი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სიურრეალიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюрреализм – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сюрреализм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D_(%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%BF)" title="ಸರ್ರಿಯಲಿಸಮ್ (ನವ್ಯ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಸಿದ್ದಾಂತ ಚಳವಳಿ) – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸರ್ರಿಯಲಿಸಮ್ (ನವ್ಯ ಸಾಹಿತ್ಯ ಸಿದ್ದಾಂತ ಚಳವಳಿ)" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B4%88%ED%98%84%EC%8B%A4%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="초현실주의 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="초현실주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surreal%C3%AEzm" title="Surrealîzm – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Surrealîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealydhieth" title="Surrealydhieth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Surrealydhieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюрреализм – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сюрреализм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismus" title="Surrealismus – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Surrealismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surealisme" title="Surealisme – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Surealisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Surrealisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siurrealizmas" title="Siurrealizmas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Siurrealizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirre%C4%81lisms" title="Sirreālisms – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sirreālisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Надреализам – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Надреализам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BC%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="സർ‌റിയലിസം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സർ‌റിയലിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюрреализм – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сюрреализм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surealisme" title="Surealisme – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Surealisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surreali%C5%BCmu" title="Surrealiżmu – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Surrealiżmu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%87%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဆာရီယယ်လစ်ဇင် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆာရီယယ်လစ်ဇင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="अतियथार्थवाद – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अतियथार्थवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Surrealisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Surrealisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surr%C3%A9alisme" title="Surréalisme – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Surréalisme" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Surrealisme – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Surrealisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%AF%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਪੜਯਥਾਰਥਵਾਦ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੜਯਥਾਰਥਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surr%C3%A9yalisme" title="Surréyalisme – Picardisch" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Surréyalisme" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealizm" title="Surrealizm – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Surrealizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surealism" title="Surealism – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Surealism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%85" title="سریلزم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سریلزم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Surrealismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suprarealism" title="Suprarealism – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Suprarealism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюрреализм – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сюрреализм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Надреализм – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Надреализм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrialismu" title="Surrialismu – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Surrialismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%AA" title="ماورائي حقيقت – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ماورائي حقيقت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadrealizam" title="Nadrealizam – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nadrealizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Surrealism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealizmus" title="Surrealizmus – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Surrealizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadrealizem" title="Nadrealizem – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nadrealizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealizmi" title="Surrealizmi – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Surrealizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Надреализам – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Надреализам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismus" title="Surrealismus – Saterfries" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Surrealismus" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Surrealism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அடிமன வெளிப்பாட்டியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அடிமன வெளிப்பாட்டியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D2%9B%D0%B5%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D3%A3" title="Фаровоқеъгароӣ – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фаровоқеъгароӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="ลัทธิเหนือจริง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิเหนือจริง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Surrealismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ger%C3%A7ek%C3%BCst%C3%BCc%C3%BCl%C3%BCk" title="Gerçeküstücülük – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gerçeküstücülük" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Сюрреалізм – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сюрреалізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="ورائے حقیقت پسندی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ورائے حقیقت پسندی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealizm" title="Surrealizm – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Surrealizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_si%C3%AAu_th%E1%BB%B1c" title="Chủ nghĩa siêu thực – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa siêu thực" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorreyalisse" title="Sorreyalisse – Waals" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sorreyalisse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Waals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealismo" title="Surrealismo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Surrealismo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="超现实主义 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="超现实主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="超现实主义 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="超现实主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhiau-hi%C4%81n-si%CC%8Dt-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Chhiau-hiān-si̍t-chú-gī – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhiau-hiān-si̍t-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%8F%BE%E5%AF%A6%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="超現實主義 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="超現實主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39427#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surrealisme" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Overleg:Surrealisme" rel="discussion" title="Overleg over deze pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalvariant wijzigen" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nederlands</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergaven"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surrealisme"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=history" title="Eerdere versies van deze pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hulpmiddelen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Meer opties" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handelingen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Surrealisme"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=history"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Surrealisme" title="Lijst met alle pagina's die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Surrealisme" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&oldid=68364542" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze pagina"><span>Paginagegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Citeren&page=Surrealisme&id=68364542&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informatie over hoe u deze pagina kunt citeren"><span>Deze pagina citeren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSurrealisme"><span>Verkorte URL verkrijgen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSurrealisme"><span>QR-code downloaden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Afdrukken/exporteren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Surrealisme"><span>Boek aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Surrealisme&action=show-download-screen"><span>Downloaden als PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surrealism" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39427" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#CD5C5C; color:white; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Surrealisme </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Dona_i_Ocell.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Vrouw en vogel, Joan Miró, 1982, Barcelona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Dona_i_Ocell.JPG/266px-Dona_i_Ocell.JPG" decoding="async" width="266" height="511" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Dona_i_Ocell.JPG/399px-Dona_i_Ocell.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Dona_i_Ocell.JPG/532px-Dona_i_Ocell.JPG 2x" data-file-width="996" data-file-height="1912" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><div style="font-size:90%"><i>Vrouw en vogel</i>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a>, <a href="/wiki/1982" title="1982">1982</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barcelona_(Spanje)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barcelona (Spanje)">Barcelona</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#CD5C5C; color:white; text-align:center;" colspan="3">Algemene gegevens </th></tr> <tr> <th>Ontstaan </th> <td colspan="2">1924 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Plaats van ontstaan </th> <td colspan="2"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vlag van Frankrijk"><img alt="Vlag van Frankrijk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Frankrijk_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankrijk (hoofdbetekenis)">Frankrijk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hoogtepunt </th> <td colspan="2">1940 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bedenker </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bekende kunstenaars </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emiel_van_Moerkerken" title="Emiel van Moerkerken">Emiel van Moerkerken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brassai" class="mw-redirect" title="Brassai">Brassai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Man_Ray" title="Man Ray">Manray</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#CD5C5C; color:white;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Kunst_%26_Cultuur" title="Portaal:Kunst & Cultuur"><span style="color:white">Kunst & Cultuur</span></a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Het <b>surrealisme</b> is een <a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_Europese_kunststromingen" title="Lijst van Europese kunststromingen">kunststroming</a> in de <a href="/wiki/Moderne_kunst" title="Moderne kunst">moderne kunst</a> ontstaan als literaire stroming in het begin van 1920. Hoewel er een hoogtepunt van het surrealisme is waar te nemen tussen 1925 en 1940, in zowel <a href="/wiki/Schilderkunst" title="Schilderkunst">schilderkunst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beeldhouwkunst" title="Beeldhouwkunst">beeldhouwkunst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fotografie" title="Fotografie">fotografie</a> als in de <a href="/wiki/Literatuur" title="Literatuur">literatuur</a>, is het surrealisme nog steeds aanwezig en actief. </p><p>Het is de Franse schrijver en essayist <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a>, die in 1924 zijn opvattingen omtrent het surrealisme in de <a href="/wiki/Kunst" title="Kunst">kunst</a>, vooral de <a href="/wiki/Schilderkunst" title="Schilderkunst">schilderkunst</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Literatuur" title="Literatuur">literatuur</a>, te boek stelt in het <i><a href="/wiki/Manifest_van_het_Surrealisme" title="Manifest van het Surrealisme">Manifest van het Surrealisme</a></i> (Frans: Manifeste du surréalisme). Over de relatie tussen het surrealisme en de schilderkunst publiceerde hij in 1928 <i>Le surréalisme et la peinture</i>, dat in 1965 met vele nieuwe toevoegingen nogmaals werd uitgegeven. </p><p>Teleurgesteld in het <a href="/wiki/Rationalisme" title="Rationalisme">rationalisme</a>, dat door de gruwelen van de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Wereldoorlog" title="Eerste Wereldoorlog">Eerste Wereldoorlog</a> te optimistisch was gebleken, en geïnspireerd door de ideeën van <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a>, stellen surrealisten de door vrije associaties gekenmerkte bewustzijnstoestand van de droom centraal. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Benaming">Benaming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Benaming" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Benaming"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het woord ‘surréaliste’ werd in 1917 gemunt door de Franse avant-gardedichter <a href="/wiki/Apollinaire" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollinaire">Apollinaire</a> om het ballet <i>Parade</i> van <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Diaghilev" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergei Diaghilev">Sergei Diaghilev</a> te beschrijven.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naar zijn gevoel dienden de absurditeiten in dat werk om voorbij het alledaagse een diepere werkelijkheid te onthullen. Appolinaire stierf het volgende jaar, maar zijn <a href="/wiki/Neologisme" title="Neologisme">neologisme</a> werd in 1924 opgerakeld door André Breton. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kenmerken_en_technieken">Kenmerken en technieken</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Kenmerken en technieken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Kenmerken en technieken"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Marl_Arp_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Marl_Arp_01.JPG/260px-Marl_Arp_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Marl_Arp_01.JPG/390px-Marl_Arp_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Marl_Arp_01.JPG/520px-Marl_Arp_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Beeld van <a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Het surrealisme is een van oorsprong literaire stroming, die in 1924 in het <a href="/wiki/Manifest_van_het_Surrealisme" title="Manifest van het Surrealisme">manifest</a> van <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a> werd gedefinieerd als: <i>Automatische spontaneïteit in zijn meest pure vorm, waarin men probeert - verbaal, door het geschreven woord, of in welke vorm dan ook - de manier van denken te laten zien, geleid door fantasie, zonder enige gecontroleerde ratio en los van morele waarden.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meestal uitgevoerd in een hyperrealistische stijl stellen de surrealisten beelden samen in absoluut onverwachte, verrassende, zo niet schokkende combinaties. Het is echter evenzeer mogelijk, zoals het werk van Hans Arp bewijst, dat de werken totaal abstract zijn, of, zoals in het werk van <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a>, herkenbaar maar zeker niet realistisch. Surrealisten proberen hun fantasie zo veel mogelijk de vrije loop te laten. Ze schilderen bijvoorbeeld droombeelden. Automatisch tekenen of schrijven is ook een toegepaste techniek. </p><p>Andere technieken die gebruikt worden om inspiratie op te doen uit het onderbewuste zijn:<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadavre_exquis" title="Cadavre exquis">Cadavre exquis</a> - meerdere mensen werken samen aan een tekst of aan een beeld. In geval van een tekening op papier werken ze om de beurt aan een tekening, waarbij het werk van de eerder persoon wordt omgevouwen. Zo ontstaan vreemde figuren uitgevoerd in verschillende handschriften of stijlen.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage" title="Collage">Collage</a> - door uitknippen en opplakken van niet met elkaar samenhangende beelden worden nieuwe, niet bestaande, voorwerpen gemaakt.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decalcomanie" title="Decalcomanie">Decalcomanie</a> - verf of inkt op een papier wordt overgebracht op een ander papier, waardoor grillige afbeeldingen ontstaan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frottage" title="Frottage">Frottage</a> - een papier wordt op een ondergrond met een structuur gelegd, met potlood wordt over het papier gewreven, zodat de structuur zichtbaar wordt. <a href="/wiki/Grattage" title="Grattage">Grattage</a> is een variant hiervan, waarbij een structuur onder een nog nat schilderwerk wordt gelegd. Met een paletmes wordt de natte verf afgeschraapt, zodat de structuur zichtbaar wordt.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscillatietechniek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oscillatietechniek (de pagina bestaat niet)">Oscillatietechniek</a> - een blik verf met een gat in de bodem wordt boven het schildersdoek aan een draad gehangen en heen en weer geslingerd. Zo ontstaan lijnen en druppels die de vorm aannemen van <a href="/wiki/Lissajousfiguur" title="Lissajousfiguur">lissajousfiguren</a>.</li></ul> <p>Het surrealisme is dus geen esthetische school of vastgelegde stijlvorm, maar een geestesstroming, die leidde tot de <i>automatische spontaneïteit</i>. Artistiek is het inherent zowel aan de <i>pure abstractie</i> van <a href="/wiki/Hans_Arp" class="mw-redirect" title="Hans Arp">Hans Arp</a> en <a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a> als aan de <i>expressionistische figuratie</i> van <a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Alechinsky" title="Pierre Alechinsky">Pierre Alechinsky</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_Surrealisme">Modern Surrealisme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Modern Surrealisme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Modern Surrealisme"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het Surrealisme ontstond weliswaar in 1924 met het uitkomen van Bretons manifest maar ook 100 jaar later is het nog steeds een levende kunststroming.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De International Society for the study of Surrealism doet onderzoek naar de invloed van het Surrealisme op de kunst en stimuleert kunstenaars die zich in het genre bevinden en brengt hen samen. In het museum vernoemd naar Max Ernst en Dorothea Tanning, Chez Max& Dorothea, worden doorlopend tentoonstellingen georganiseerd. Hedendaagse kunstenaars in het genre zijn onder meer <a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Elbelassy" title="Mohsen Elbelassy">Mohsen Elbelassy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Julie_Curtiss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julie Curtiss (de pagina bestaat niet)">Julie Curtiss, Mary Reid Kelley and Patrick Kelley</a> en <a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwante_stromingen">Verwante stromingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Verwante stromingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Verwante stromingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het surrealisme kwam voort uit de <a href="/wiki/Dada%C3%AFsme" title="Dadaïsme">dada-beweging</a>, die ontstaan was na de <a href="/wiki/Eerste_Wereldoorlog" title="Eerste Wereldoorlog">Eerste Wereldoorlog</a> in <a href="/wiki/Zwitserland" title="Zwitserland">Zwitserland</a>. Dada-kunstenaars waren zeer politiek geëngageerd en maatschappijkritisch en zetten zich af tegen de gevestigde orde. Ze geloofden dat de rationaliteit en de dwang tot vooruitgang de wereld in oorlog had gedompeld en probeerden met hun toneelstukken en kunstprojecten vrede te stichten. De surrealistische kunstenaars namen de dwang tot het niet-rationele en de persoonlijke expressie over van de dada-kunstenaars. Surrealistische werken tonen daarom vaak een nieuwe wereld, die anders is dan de werkelijkheid.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Verwante stromingen aan het surrealisme zijn: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dada%C3%AFsme" title="Dadaïsme">Dadaïsme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitivisme" title="Primitivisme">Primitivisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurisme" title="Futurisme">Futurisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magisch_realisme" title="Magisch realisme">Magisch realisme</a></li> <li>Realistisch <a href="/wiki/Expressionisme" title="Expressionisme">expressionisme</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surrealistische_kunstenaars">Surrealistische kunstenaars</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Surrealistische kunstenaars" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Surrealistische kunstenaars"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Dal%C3%AD._Gala.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Dal%C3%AD._Gala.JPG/200px-Dal%C3%AD._Gala.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Dal%C3%AD._Gala.JPG/300px-Dal%C3%AD._Gala.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Dal%C3%AD._Gala.JPG/400px-Dal%C3%AD._Gala.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption><i>Gala asomada a la ventana</i> van <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Enkele surrealistische <a href="/wiki/Kunstenaar" title="Kunstenaar">kunstenaars</a> zijn: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire" title="Guillaume Apollinaire">Guillaume Apollinaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Baes" title="Rachel Baes">Rachel Baes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achraf_Baznani" title="Achraf Baznani">Achraf Baznani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zdzis%C5%82aw_Beksi%C5%84ski" title="Zdzisław Beksiński">Zdzisław Beksiński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Bellmer" title="Hans Bellmer">Hans Bellmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Brauner" title="Victor Brauner">Victor Brauner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonora_Carrington" title="Leonora Carrington">Leonora Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_den_Broeder" title="Willem den Broeder">Willem den Broeder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Delvaux" title="Paul Delvaux">Paul Delvaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonor_Fini" title="Leonor Fini">Leonor Fini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Freddie" title="Wilhelm Freddie">Wilhelm Freddie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Alberto Giacometti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Graverol" title="Jane Graverol">Jane Graverol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kati_Horna" title="Kati Horna">Kati Horna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frida_Kahlo" title="Frida Kahlo">Frida Kahlo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_van_Leusden" title="Willem van Leusden">Willem van Leusden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte">René Magritte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Joan Miró</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J.H._Moesman" title="J.H. Moesman">Joop Moesman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meret_Oppenheim" title="Meret Oppenheim">Meret Oppenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Tanguy" title="Yves Tanguy">Yves Tanguy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Tanning" title="Dorothea Tanning">Dorothea Tanning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Van_Damme" title="Suzanne Van Damme">Suzanne Van Damme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emiel_van_Moerkerken" title="Emiel van Moerkerken">Emiel van Moerkerken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Wagenaar_(surrealist)" title="Willem Wagenaar (surrealist)">Willem Wagenaar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karel_Wollens" title="Karel Wollens">Karel Wollens</a></li></ul> <p>Aan het surrealisme verwante kunstenaars zijn: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Cartier-Bresson" title="Henri Cartier-Bresson">Henri Cartier-Bresson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha%C3%ABl_Borremans" title="Michaël Borremans">Michaël Borremans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Lamboray" title="Olivier Lamboray">Olivier Lamboray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Prinsen" title="Otto Prinsen">Otto Prinsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_Vega_de_la_Rosa" title="Domingo Vega de la Rosa">Domingo Vega de la Rosa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Psychoanalyse">Psychoanalyse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Psychoanalyse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Psychoanalyse"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:%22BrainChain%22_Willem_den_Broeder_2001_.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/%22BrainChain%22_Willem_den_Broeder_2001_.png/260px-%22BrainChain%22_Willem_den_Broeder_2001_.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/%22BrainChain%22_Willem_den_Broeder_2001_.png/390px-%22BrainChain%22_Willem_den_Broeder_2001_.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/%22BrainChain%22_Willem_den_Broeder_2001_.png/520px-%22BrainChain%22_Willem_den_Broeder_2001_.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="659" /></a><figcaption><i>BrainChain</i> (2001) van Willem den Broeder</figcaption></figure> <p>Toen in <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a> de Franse surrealisten zich verzamelden rond hun eerste manifest, baseerden zij zich voornamelijk op de geschriften van <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud</a> van het einde van de <a href="/wiki/19e_eeuw" title="19e eeuw">19e eeuw</a>, terwijl <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud</a> zijn inzichten ondertussen had veranderd in de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metapsychologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metapsychologie (de pagina bestaat niet)">metapsychologie</a> van de <a href="/wiki/1920-1929" title="1920-1929">jaren twintig</a>, zoals in “The Ego and the Id” van 1923. Daar hebben de surrealisten eigenlijk nooit rekening mee kunnen of willen houden. De surrealisten wilden dat het ICH werd overrompeld door het ES terwijl Freud juist andersom wilde dat het ICH het ES zou veroveren. </p><p>Het is opvallend dat de surrealisten het werk van <a href="/wiki/Jung" class="mw-redirect" title="Jung">Jung</a> hebben genegeerd, dat immers in zijn uitleg van mythen en occulte verschijnselen aansluit bij hun ideeën. </p><p>Van de typologieën van <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud</a>: condensatie, verplaatsing (transfert), en symbolisatie werd alléén de eerste door de surrealisten besproken. Freud vertaalde de eerste naar de tweede, - condensatie naar verplaatsing – vanwege het contrast, maar de surrealisten aanvaardden deze procedures niet omdat ze geen antinomieën wilden. </p><p>Dromen werden door Freud gebruikt om zijn patiënten te helpen, maar bij de surrealisten werden ze verteld opdat iedereen ervan zou kunnen genieten. Surrealisten waren overtuigd van de mogelijkheid van vrije <a href="/wiki/Associatie_(begrip)" class="mw-redirect" title="Associatie (begrip)">associatie (begrip)</a> van ideeën, terwijl Freud juist betoogde dat deze associaties helemaal niet vrij waren, omdat zij beïnvloed zouden zijn door het <a href="/wiki/Onderbewuste" class="mw-redirect" title="Onderbewuste">onderbewuste</a>. </p><p>Voor Freud was <a href="/wiki/Humor" title="Humor">humor</a> een vorm van een gevecht of een defensielijn, voor de surrealisten moest humor een extra dimensie toevoegen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lijst_van_belangrijke_surrealistische_werken">Lijst van belangrijke surrealistische werken</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Lijst van belangrijke surrealistische werken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Lijst van belangrijke surrealistische werken"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Voorbeelden van surrealistische kunst zijn: </p> <ul><li><i>Het kleden van de bruid</i>, 1940 van <a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a></li> <li><i>Celebes</i>, 1921 van <a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Vrouw met doorgesneden keel</i>, 1932 van <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Alberto Giacometti</a></li> <li><i>Lopende Man</i>, 1960 van <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Alberto Giacometti</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>De rode toren</i>, 1913 van <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico" title="Giorgio de Chirico">Giorgio de Chirico</a></li> <li><i>Het gerucht</i>, 1937 van <a href="/wiki/J.H._Moesman" title="J.H. Moesman">J.H. Moesman</a></li> <li><i>Avonduur</i>, 1962 van <a href="/wiki/J.H._Moesman" title="J.H. Moesman">J.H. Moesman</a></li> <li><i>Le canapé vert</i>, 1944 van <a href="/wiki/Paul_Delvaux" title="Paul Delvaux">Paul Delvaux</a></li> <li><i>De stem van de ruimte</i>, 1931 van <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte">René Magritte</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Het_rijk_der_lichten" title="Het rijk der lichten">Het rijk der lichten</a></i>, 1954 van <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte">René Magritte</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>De geboorte van de vloeibare begeerten</i>, 1931-1932 van <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_volharding_der_herinnering" title="De volharding der herinnering">De volharding der herinnering</a></i>, 1930 van <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Salvador Dalí</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Omgevallen blauwe schoenen met twee hielen onder een zwarte boog</i>, circa 1925 van <a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a></li> <li><i>Le déjeuner en fourrure</i>, 1936 van <a href="/wiki/Meret_Oppenheim" title="Meret Oppenheim">Meret Oppenheim</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Beeldhouwkunst">Beeldhouwkunst</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Beeldhouwkunst" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Beeldhouwkunst"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In de <a href="/wiki/Beeldhouwkunst" title="Beeldhouwkunst">beeldhouwkunst</a> zijn <a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Jean Arp</a> en <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Alberto Giacometti</a> even bekende surrealisten. In het surrealisme spelen bij de beeldhouwkunst de vervreemding en onwerkelijke voorstellingen een grote rol. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surrealisme_in_films">Surrealisme in films</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Surrealisme in films" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Surrealisme in films"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het surrealisme in de filmwereld kende zijn hoogtepunt tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Franse_avant-gardecinema" title="Franse avant-gardecinema">Franse avant-gardeperiode</a> in de <a href="/wiki/1920-1929" title="1920-1929">jaren twintig</a>. Aan het hoofd van deze beweging stond <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a>. Hij alleen bepaalde wie tot het surrealisme behoorde, wat natuurlijk voor veel wrevel zorgde. </p><p>Hoewel aanvankelijk een literaire beweging waren de surrealisten geboeid door cinema. Ze hielden vooral van <a href="/wiki/Fant%C3%B4mas_(personage)" title="Fantômas (personage)">Fantômas</a> en <a href="/wiki/Les_Vampires" title="Les Vampires">Les Vampires</a>. Hun interesse ging hoofdzakelijk uit naar de beelden en de acteurs, niet zozeer de regisseur. Voor de surrealisten werd mainstream cinema gekenmerkt door mysterie, geweld en erotiek. </p><p>De surrealisten namen een anticulturele, anti-intellectuele houding aan. Ze waren zeer links en waren fel gekant tegen <a href="/wiki/Filmregisseur" title="Filmregisseur">cineasten</a> als <a href="/wiki/Jean_Epstein" title="Jean Epstein">Jean Epstein</a>, die ernaar streefden films te verheerlijken tot een hogere kunstvorm. </p><p>De surrealisten hadden een bijzondere <i>manier</i> om naar de film te gaan. Ze gingen gewoon lukraak een zaal binnen – in het midden van een vertoning dus – en absorbeerden de filmbeelden. Aldus werd voor hen het filmbezoek een soort <a href="/wiki/Sacraal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacraal">sacraal</a> <a href="/wiki/Ritueel" title="Ritueel">ritueel</a>; de bioscoop werd als het ware een moderne kerk. </p><p>Uiteindelijk deemsterde de stroming op filmisch gebied omdat men weliswaar goede <i>schrijvers</i> had, maar geen mensen die dit konden vertalen naar het scherm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kern_van_surrealistische_kijk_op_films">Kern van surrealistische kijk op films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Kern van surrealistische kijk op films" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Kern van surrealistische kijk op films"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Aandacht voor het <a href="/wiki/Onbewuste" title="Onbewuste">onbewuste</a> (dromen)</li> <li>De zogenaamde ‘L’Amour Fou’</li> <li>Een anti-houding: anti-burgerlijk, anti-elitair, anti-conformistisch</li> <li>Drang naar het unheimliche</li></ul> <p>Door de bijzondere manier van naar de film gaan, vergroten ze natuurlijk het droomaspect, de magische kracht van de cinema. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Surrealistische_films">Surrealistische films</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Surrealistische films" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Surrealistische films"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Er zijn slechts enkele films die door <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a> surrealistisch worden genoemd. Dat zijn <i><a href="/wiki/Un_chien_andalou" title="Un chien andalou">Un chien andalou</a></i> en <i><a href="/wiki/L%27%C3%82ge_d%27or" title="L'Âge d'or">L'Âge d'or</a></i> van <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a>. Daarnaast is er het controversiële <i>L'imitation du cinéma</i> van de Belg <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Mari%C3%ABn" title="Marcel Mariën">Marcel Mariën</a> dat een invloed had op <a href="/wiki/Jan_Bucquoy" title="Jan Bucquoy">Jan Bucquoy</a> met de film <a href="/wiki/Camping_Cosmos" title="Camping Cosmos">Camping Cosmos</a>. </p><p>Regisseur <a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> maakt eveneens surrealistische films (<a href="/wiki/Lost_Highway_(film)" title="Lost Highway (film)">Lost Highway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mulholland_Drive_(film)" title="Mulholland Drive (film)">Mulholland Drive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inland_Empire_(film)" title="Inland Empire (film)">Inland Empire</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=What_did_Jack_do&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="What did Jack do (de pagina bestaat niet)">What did Jack do</a>. De Tsjechische regisseur <a href="/wiki/Jan_%C5%A0vankmajer" title="Jan Švankmajer">Jan Švankmajer</a> beschouwt zijn werk ook als surrealistisch. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surrealisme_in_de_fotografie">Surrealisme in de fotografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Surrealisme in de fotografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=12" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Surrealisme in de fotografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beroemde surrealistische fotografen zijn onder meer de Amerikaanse <a href="/wiki/Man_Ray" title="Man Ray">Man Ray</a> en de Frans/Hongaarse <a href="/wiki/Brassa%C3%AF" title="Brassaï">Brassaï</a>. De enige Nederlander, die geheel tot het surrealisme behoorde was de in de jaren 1930 actieve fotograaf <a href="/wiki/Emiel_van_Moerkerken" title="Emiel van Moerkerken">Emiel van Moerkerken</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surrealisme_in_de_literatuur">Surrealisme in de literatuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Surrealisme in de literatuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=13" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Surrealisme in de literatuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De bakermat van het surrealisme in de literatuur ligt in het <a href="/wiki/Parijs" title="Parijs">Parijs</a> van de jaren twintig. De belangrijkste principes werden geformuleerd door <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">André Breton</a> in zijn <a href="/wiki/Manifest_van_het_Surrealisme" title="Manifest van het Surrealisme">Manifest van het Surrealisme</a> en later in zijn roman <a href="/wiki/Nadja_(roman)" title="Nadja (roman)">Nadja</a>. Het surrealisme in de literatuur beweegt zich voortdurend tussen droom en werkelijkheid, tussen leven en kunst. Typerende thema’s zijn: een drang tot choqueren, verlangen, het fantastische, het onmogelijke, magie, oneindige vrijheid, afwijzing van de logische rede die al het onbekende tot het bekende wil herleiden. Surrealistische schrijvers maken veelvuldig gebruik van het sterk associatieve procedé van de "écriture automatique". </p><p>Een Nederlandse variant is te typeren als <i>rationeel</i> of <i>gecontroleerd</i> surrealisme. In die literatuur krijgt een irreële wereld op rationele wijze gestalte in een hecht gestructureerde tekst. Die bewuste conceptie presenteert een 'perfect georganiseerde ongerijmdheid' (Bordewijk) en als zodanig staat dit surrealisme diametraal tegenover het 'automatisch schrijven'. Verder kenmerkt dit literaire surrealisme zich door de bezieling van het levenloze en de 'verdinglijking' van de mens, en door het diffuse onderscheid tussen realiteit en irrealiteit. Voorbeelden van dit type surrealisme zijn verhalen in de bundels <i>De wingerdrank</i> (1937), <i>Vertellingen van generzijds</i> (1950) en <i>Studiën in volksstructuur</i> (1951) van <a href="/wiki/F._Bordewijk" title="F. Bordewijk">F. Bordewijk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ook de droomverhalen van <a href="/wiki/W.F._Hermans" class="mw-redirect" title="W.F. Hermans">W.F. Hermans</a> in de bundels <i><a href="/wiki/Moedwil_en_misverstand" title="Moedwil en misverstand">Moedwil en misverstand</a></i> (1948), <i>Paranoia</i> (1953) en <i>Een landingspoging op Newfoundland</i> (1957) behoren tot dit gecontroleerd surrealisme. In een brief (10 april 1956) aan zijn uitgever G.A. Van Oorschot, noemde hij zijn roman <i>De God Denkbaar - Denkbaar de God</i> (1956) de eerste consequent surrealistische roman, niet alleen in Nederland, maar op de hele wereld. In de correspondentie tussen Bordewijk en Hermans is dit surrealisme, toegespitst op de <i>verhalen</i>, een van de belangrijkste onderwerpen. Zie daarvoor Willem Frederik Hermans & F. Bordewijk, <i>Een onmiskenbare verwantschap. Brieven 1944-1965.</i> (Amsterdam 2011). Andere Nederlandse auteurs wier werk met het surrealisme in verband is gebracht zijn <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Hamelink" title="Jacques Hamelink">Jacques Hamelink</a> en <a href="/wiki/Belcampo" title="Belcampo">Belcampo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=14" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automatisch_schrijven" title="Automatisch schrijven">Automatisch schrijven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadavre_exquis" title="Cadavre exquis">Cadavre exquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_Europese_kunststromingen" title="Lijst van Europese kunststromingen">Lijst van Europese kunststromingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_surrealisten" title="Lijst van surrealisten">Lijst van surrealisten</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatuur">Literatuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Literatuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=15" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Literatuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Francisca Vandepitte en Geert Van der Hallen (eds.), <i>Imagine! 100 jaar internationaal surrealisme</i>, tent.cat., 2024. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789464781113" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789464781113">ISBN 9789464781113</a></span></li> <li>Ruth Brandon, <i>Surreal Lives. The Surrealists 1917–1945</i>, 1999. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9780802137272" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9780802137272">ISBN 9780802137272</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_links">Externe links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe links" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&action=edit&section=16" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe links"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/surrealism.html">Overzicht surrealisten in chronologische volgorde - artcyclopedia.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_taa008199201_01/_taa008199201_01_0012.php">Hans Anten, 'De perfect georganiseerde ongerijmdheid. Notities over het surrealisme volgens F. Bordewijk'. <i>De Nieuwe Taalgids</i>, jaargang 85 (1992), p. 97-111.</a></li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kate Kangaslahti, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cultuurgeschiedenis.be/hoe-surreeel-100-jaar-surrealisme-in-het-engels-frans-en-nederlands/">Hoe surreëel! 100 jaar surrealisme in het Engels, Frans en Nederlands</a>, Cultuurgeschiedenis.be, 25 oktober 2024</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFBaaij2024"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Baaij, Jeroen de</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kunstvensters.com/2024/10/20/wat-is-het-surrealisme/">Wat is het surrealisme?</a>. <i>KunstVensters</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2024-10-20">20 oktober 2024</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2024-11-10">10 november 2024</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Saskia van Kampen-Prein, Gek van surrealisme, Publieksboekje bij expositie <a href="/wiki/Museum_Boijmans_Van_Beuningen" title="Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen">Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen</a>, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFCohen2019"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Cohen, Alina</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-artists-putting-contemporary-spin-surrealism">The Contemporary Artists Keeping Surrealism Alive</a>. <i>Artsy</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-07-05">5 juli 2019</span>). Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2024-04-18">18 april 2024</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/ernst-celebes-t01988">[1]</a>, Tate Modern</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://krollermuller.nl/alberto-giacometti-lopende-man-i-i-1">[2]</a>, Kröller Müller Museum</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://kunstvensters.com/2012/12/22/canon-van-de-moderne-kunst-magritte/">[3]</a>, Canon van de Moderne Kunst</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://kunstvensters.com/2014/06/19/canon-van-de-moderne-kunst-dali/">[4]</a>, Canon van de Moderne Kunst</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zie ook F. Bordewijk, <i>Huis te huur. Elf surrealistische verhalen</i>. Nawoord: Hans Anten. Nijgh & Van Ditmar. Amsterdam 1999</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surrealisme#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Surrealisme">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Surrealism#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Surrealism">Surrealism</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background-color"],.mw-parser-output .navigatie div[style*="background"]{color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:var(--background-color-interactive,#eaecf0)!important}}</style> <div class="navigatie" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="Schilderstijlen"> <div class="navigatie-afb-links noviewer"><div class="navigatie-bewerken show-autoconfirmed nomobile"><span class="nowrap skin-invert-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Navigatie_schilderstijlen" title="Sjabloon:Navigatie schilderstijlen"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_article-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> · <span class="ui-state-disabled" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)"><img alt="Overleg sjabloon (de pagina bestaat niet)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_speechBubbles-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span></span> · <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sjabloon:Navigatie_schilderstijlen&action=edit" title="Sjabloon bewerken"><img alt="Sjabloon bewerken" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/16px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/24px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/32px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="Schilderstijlen" class="navigatie-titel"><a href="/wiki/Schilderstijl" title="Schilderstijl">Schilderstijlen</a></div> <div class="navigatie-inhoud"> <p><a href="/wiki/Absolute_schilderkunst" title="Absolute schilderkunst">absolute schilderkunst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Abstract_expressionisme" title="Abstract expressionisme">abstract expressionisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Abstracte_kunst" title="Abstracte kunst">abstracte kunst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Academische_kunst" title="Academische kunst">academische kunst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Actionpainting" title="Actionpainting">actionpainting</a> · <a href="/wiki/Art_brut_(kunst)" title="Art brut (kunst)">art brut</a> · <a href="/wiki/Art_deco" title="Art deco">art deco</a> · <a href="/wiki/Classicisme_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Classicisme (hoofdbetekenis)">classicisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Colorfieldpainting" title="Colorfieldpainting">colorfieldpainting</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dada%C3%AFsme" title="Dadaïsme">dadaïsme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Expressionisme" title="Expressionisme">expressionisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Fauvisme" title="Fauvisme">fauvisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Figuratieve_kunst" title="Figuratieve kunst">figuratieve kunst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Futurisme" title="Futurisme">futurisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hard_edge" title="Hard edge">hard edge</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hyperrealisme" title="Hyperrealisme">hyperrealisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Impressionisme" title="Impressionisme">impressionisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Informele_schilderkunst" title="Informele schilderkunst">informele schilderkunst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jugendstil" title="Jugendstil">jugendstil</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kubisme" title="Kubisme">kubisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Luminisme" title="Luminisme">luminisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Magisch_realisme" title="Magisch realisme">magisch realisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mani%C3%ABrisme" title="Maniërisme">maniërisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Minimal_art" title="Minimal art">minimal art</a> · <a href="/wiki/Na%C3%AFeve_kunst" title="Naïeve kunst">naïeve kunst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Naturalisme_(schilderkunst)" title="Naturalisme (schilderkunst)">naturalisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neo-expressionisme" title="Neo-expressionisme">neo-expressionisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Neo-impressionisme" title="Neo-impressionisme">neo-impressionisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nieuwe_beelding" title="Nieuwe beelding">nieuwe beelding</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nieuwe_zakelijkheid" title="Nieuwe zakelijkheid">nieuwe zakelijkheid</a> · <a href="/wiki/Op-art" title="Op-art">op-art</a> · <a href="/wiki/Orphisme_(schilderkunst)" title="Orphisme (schilderkunst)">orphisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ori%C3%ABntalisme" title="Oriëntalisme">oriëntalisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%ABtisme_(schilderkunst)" title="Piëtisme (schilderkunst)">piëtisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pittura_metafisica" title="Pittura metafisica">pittura metafisica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pixel_art" title="Pixel art">pixel art</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pointillisme" title="Pointillisme">pointillisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Popart_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Popart (hoofdbetekenis)">popart</a> · <a href="/wiki/Postimpressionisme" title="Postimpressionisme">postimpressionisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Prerafa%C3%ABlieten" title="Prerafaëlieten">prerafaëlieten</a> · <a href="/wiki/Primitivisme" title="Primitivisme">primitivisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Realisme_(kunststroming)" title="Realisme (kunststroming)">realisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Romaanse_kunst" title="Romaanse kunst">romaans</a> . <a href="/wiki/Romantiek_(schilderkunst)" title="Romantiek (schilderkunst)">romantiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sociaal_realisme" title="Sociaal realisme">sociaal realisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Suprematisme" title="Suprematisme">suprematisme</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">surrealisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Symbolisme" title="Symbolisme">symbolisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tachisme" title="Tachisme">tachisme</a> </p> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&oldid=68364542">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&oldid=68364542</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorieën</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Dada" title="Categorie:Dada">Dada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Filmgenre" title="Categorie:Filmgenre">Filmgenre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Literair_genre" title="Categorie:Literair genre">Literair genre</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Moderne_kunst" title="Categorie:Moderne kunst">Moderne kunst</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Schilderkunst_van_de_20e_eeuw" title="Categorie:Schilderkunst van de 20e eeuw">Schilderkunst van de 20e eeuw</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Schilderstijl" title="Categorie:Schilderstijl">Schilderstijl</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Surrealisme" title="Categorie:Surrealisme">Surrealisme</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 11 nov 2024 om 06:39.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. Zie de <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/nl">gebruiksvoorwaarden</a> voor meer informatie.<br /> Wikipedia® is een geregistreerd handelsmerk van de <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, een organisatie zonder winstoogmerk.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacybeleid</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia">Over Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Algemeen_voorbehoud">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Gedragscode</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Ontwikkelaars</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/nl.wikipedia.org">Statistieken</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookieverklaring</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//nl.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Surrealisme&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobiele weergave</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Zoeken</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Doorzoek Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciaal:Zoeken"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Zoeken</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Surrealisme</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>102 talen</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Onderwerp toevoegen</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7c4c86c76b-9f67x","wgBackendResponseTime":172,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.146","walltime":"0.212","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2093,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17874,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4909,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":6734,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 144.113 1 -total"," 45.00% 64.844 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_kunststroming"," 43.51% 62.703 1 Sjabloon:Infobox_generiek"," 25.81% 37.202 1 Sjabloon:Wikidata"," 24.07% 34.687 1 Sjabloon:Appendix"," 22.64% 32.633 1 Sjabloon:References"," 17.14% 24.698 1 Sjabloon:Commonscat"," 16.05% 23.126 2 Sjabloon:Citeer_web"," 14.55% 20.963 1 Sjabloon:Zusterproject_box"," 12.64% 18.217 2 Sjabloon:First_non_empty"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.025","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1658853,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-7d99b5f9dd-mbntb","timestamp":"20250219194438","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Surrealisme","url":"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Surrealisme","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q39427","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q39427","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Bijdragers aan Wikimedia-projecten"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-07-13T21:42:40Z","dateModified":"2024-11-11T05:39:00Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/cb\/Dona_i_Ocell.JPG","headline":"stroming in de moderne kunst"}</script> </body> </html>