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property="name">popstate</span></a><meta property="position" content="4"/></li></ol></nav><div class="article-actions"><button type="button" class="button action has-icon article-actions-toggle" aria-label="Article actions"><span class="button-wrap"><span class="icon icon-ellipses "></span><span class="article-actions-dialog-heading">Article Actions</span></span></button><ul class="article-actions-entries"><li class="article-actions-entry"><div class="languages-switcher-menu open-on-focus-within"><button id="languages-switcher-button" type="button" class="button action small has-icon languages-switcher-menu" aria-haspopup="menu"><span class="button-wrap"><span class="icon icon-language "></span>English (US)</span></button><div class="hidden"><ul class="submenu language-menu " aria-labelledby="language-menu-button"><li class=" "><form class="submenu-item locale-redirect-setting"><div class="group"><label class="switch"><input type="checkbox" name="locale-redirect"/><span 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(Click to learn more.)"><span class="icon icon-question-mark "></span></a></div></form></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="de" href="/de/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>Deutsch</span><span title="Diese Übersetzung ist Teil eines Experiments."><span class="icon icon-experimental "></span></span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="es" href="/es/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="fr" href="/fr/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="ja" href="/ja/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="ko" href="/ko/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="pt-BR" href="/pt-BR/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>Português (do Brasil)</span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="ru" href="/ru/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="zh-CN" href="/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>中文 (简体)</span></a></li><li class=" "><a data-locale="zh-TW" href="/zh-TW/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" class="button submenu-item"><span>正體中文 (繁體)</span></a></li></ul></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="main-wrapper"><div class="sidebar-container"><aside id="sidebar-quicklinks" class="sidebar"><button type="button" class="button action backdrop" aria-label="Collapse sidebar"><span class="button-wrap"></span></button><nav aria-label="Related Topics" class="sidebar-inner"><header class="sidebar-actions"><section class="sidebar-filter-container"><div class="sidebar-filter "><label id="sidebar-filter-label" class="sidebar-filter-label" for="sidebar-filter-input"><span class="icon icon-filter"></span><span class="visually-hidden">Filter sidebar</span></label><input id="sidebar-filter-input" autoComplete="off" class="sidebar-filter-input-field false" type="text" placeholder="Filter" value=""/><button type="button" class="button action has-icon clear-sidebar-filter-button"><span class="button-wrap"><span class="icon icon-cancel "></span><span class="visually-hidden">Clear filter input</span></span></button></div></section></header><div class="sidebar-inner-nav"><div class="in-nav-toc"><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">In this article</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#syntax">Syntax</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#event_type">Event type</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#event_properties">Event properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#event_handler_aliases">Event handler aliases</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#the_history_stack">The history stack</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#when_popstate_is_sent">When popstate is sent</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#examples">Examples</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#specifications">Specifications</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#see_also">See also</a></li></ul></section></div></div><div class="sidebar-body"><ol><li class="section"><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History_API">History API</a></li><li class="section"><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window"><code>Window</code></a></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>Instance properties</summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/caches"><code>caches</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/closed"><code>closed</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cookieStore"><code>cookieStore</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/credentialless"><code>credentialless</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/crossOriginIsolated"><code>crossOriginIsolated</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/crypto"><code>crypto</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/customElements"><code>customElements</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/devicePixelRatio"><code>devicePixelRatio</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/document"><code>document</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/documentPictureInPicture"><code>documentPictureInPicture</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/event"><code>event</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/external"><code>external</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/fence"><code>fence</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/frameElement"><code>frameElement</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/frames"><code>frames</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/fullScreen"><code>fullScreen</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/history"><code>history</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/indexedDB"><code>indexedDB</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/innerHeight"><code>innerHeight</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/innerWidth"><code>innerWidth</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/isSecureContext"><code>isSecureContext</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/launchQueue"><code>launchQueue</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/length"><code>length</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/localStorage"><code>localStorage</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/location"><code>location</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/locationbar"><code>locationbar</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/menubar"><code>menubar</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/mozInnerScreenX"><code>mozInnerScreenX</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/mozInnerScreenY"><code>mozInnerScreenY</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/name"><code>name</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/navigation"><code>navigation</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/navigator"><code>navigator</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/opener"><code>opener</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/orientation"><code>orientation</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/origin"><code>origin</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/originAgentCluster"><code>originAgentCluster</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/outerHeight"><code>outerHeight</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/outerWidth"><code>outerWidth</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/parent"><code>parent</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/performance"><code>performance</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/personalbar"><code>personalbar</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scheduler"><code>scheduler</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screen"><code>screen</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenLeft"><code>screenLeft</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenTop"><code>screenTop</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenX"><code>screenX</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenY"><code>screenY</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollbars"><code>scrollbars</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollMaxX"><code>scrollMaxX</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollMaxY"><code>scrollMaxY</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollX"><code>scrollX</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollY"><code>scrollY</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/self"><code>self</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/sessionStorage"><code>sessionStorage</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/sharedStorage"><code>sharedStorage</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/speechSynthesis"><code>speechSynthesis</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/status"><code>status</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/statusbar"><code>statusbar</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/toolbar"><code>toolbar</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/top"><code>top</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/trustedTypes"><code>trustedTypes</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/visualViewport"><code>visualViewport</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/window"><code>window</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>Instance methods</summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/alert"><code>alert()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/atob"><code>atob()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/back"><code>back()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/blur"><code>blur()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/btoa"><code>btoa()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cancelAnimationFrame"><code>cancelAnimationFrame()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cancelIdleCallback"><code>cancelIdleCallback()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/captureEvents"><code>captureEvents()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/clearImmediate"><code>clearImmediate()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/clearInterval"><code>clearInterval()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/clearTimeout"><code>clearTimeout()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/close"><code>close()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/confirm"><code>confirm()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/createImageBitmap"><code>createImageBitmap()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/dump"><code>dump()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/fetch"><code>fetch()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/find"><code>find()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/focus"><code>focus()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/forward"><code>forward()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getComputedStyle"><code>getComputedStyle()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getDefaultComputedStyle"><code>getDefaultComputedStyle()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getScreenDetails"><code>getScreenDetails()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getSelection"><code>getSelection()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/matchMedia"><code>matchMedia()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/moveBy"><code>moveBy()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/moveTo"><code>moveTo()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/open"><code>open()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/postMessage"><code>postMessage()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/print"><code>print()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/prompt"><code>prompt()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/queryLocalFonts"><code>queryLocalFonts()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/queueMicrotask"><code>queueMicrotask()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/releaseEvents"><code>releaseEvents()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/reportError"><code>reportError()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestAnimationFrame"><code>requestAnimationFrame()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestFileSystem"><code>requestFileSystem()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestIdleCallback"><code>requestIdleCallback()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/resizeBy"><code>resizeBy()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/resizeTo"><code>resizeTo()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scroll"><code>scroll()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollBy"><code>scrollBy()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollByLines"><code>scrollByLines()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollByPages"><code>scrollByPages()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollTo"><code>scrollTo()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setImmediate"><code>setImmediate()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setInterval"><code>setInterval()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setResizable"><code>setResizable()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setTimeout"><code>setTimeout()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showDirectoryPicker"><code>showDirectoryPicker()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showModalDialog"><code>showModalDialog()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showOpenFilePicker"><code>showOpenFilePicker()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showSaveFilePicker"><code>showSaveFilePicker()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/sizeToContent"><code>sizeToContent()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/stop"><code>stop()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/structuredClone"><code>structuredClone()</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/webkitConvertPointFromNodeToPage"><code>webkitConvertPointFromNodeToPage()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/webkitConvertPointFromPageToNode"><code>webkitConvertPointFromPageToNode()</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>Events</summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/afterprint_event"><code>afterprint</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/appinstalled_event"><code>appinstalled</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/beforeinstallprompt_event"><code>beforeinstallprompt</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/beforeprint_event"><code>beforeprint</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/beforeunload_event"><code>beforeunload</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/blur_event"><code>blur</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/copy_event"><code>copy</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cut_event"><code>cut</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/devicemotion_event"><code>devicemotion</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/deviceorientation_event"><code>deviceorientation</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/deviceorientationabsolute_event"><code>deviceorientationabsolute</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/error_event"><code>error</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/focus_event"><code>focus</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/gamepadconnected_event"><code>gamepadconnected</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/gamepaddisconnected_event"><code>gamepaddisconnected</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event"><code>hashchange</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/languagechange_event"><code>languagechange</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/load_event"><code>load</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/message_event"><code>message</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/messageerror_event"><code>messageerror</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/offline_event"><code>offline</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/online_event"><code>online</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/orientationchange_event"><code>orientationchange</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pagehide_event"><code>pagehide</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pagereveal_event"><code>pagereveal</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageshow_event"><code>pageshow</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageswap_event"><code>pageswap</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/paste_event"><code>paste</code></a></li><li><em><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event" aria-current="page"><code>popstate</code></a></em></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/rejectionhandled_event"><code>rejectionhandled</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/resize_event"><code>resize</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollsnapchange_event"><code>scrollsnapchange</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollsnapchanging_event"><code>scrollsnapchanging</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-experimental" title="Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future."> <span class="visually-hidden">Experimental</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/storage_event"><code>storage</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/unhandledrejection_event"><code>unhandledrejection</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/unload_event"><code>unload</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplayactivate_event"><code>vrdisplayactivate</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplayconnect_event"><code>vrdisplayconnect</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplaydeactivate_event"><code>vrdisplaydeactivate</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplaydisconnect_event"><code>vrdisplaydisconnect</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplaypresentchange_event"><code>vrdisplaypresentchange</code></a><abbr class="icon icon-nonstandard" title="Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using."> <span class="visually-hidden">Non-standard</span> </abbr><abbr class="icon icon-deprecated" title="Deprecated. Not for use in new websites."> <span class="visually-hidden">Deprecated</span> </abbr></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>Inheritance</summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget"><code>EventTarget</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class="toggle"><details open=""><summary>Related pages for History API</summary><ol><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History"><code>History</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent"><code>PopStateEvent</code></a></li><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/history"><code>Window.history</code></a></li></ol></details></li></ol></div></div><section class="place side"></section></nav></aside><div class="toc-container"><aside class="toc"><nav><div class="document-toc-container"><section class="document-toc"><header><h2 class="document-toc-heading">In this article</h2></header><ul class="document-toc-list"><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#syntax">Syntax</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#event_type">Event type</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#event_properties">Event properties</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#event_handler_aliases">Event handler aliases</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#the_history_stack">The history stack</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#when_popstate_is_sent">When popstate is sent</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#examples">Examples</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#specifications">Specifications</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</a></li><li class="document-toc-item "><a class="document-toc-link" href="#see_also">See also</a></li></ul></section></div></nav></aside><section class="place side"></section></div></div><main id="content" class="main-content "><article class="main-page-content" lang="en-US"><header><h1>Window: popstate event</h1><details class="baseline-indicator high"><summary><span class="indicator" role="img" aria-label="Baseline Check"></span><div class="status-title">Baseline <span class="not-bold">Widely available</span></div><div class="browsers"><span class="engine" title="Supported in Chrome and Edge"><span class="browser chrome supported" role="img" aria-label="Chrome check"></span><span class="browser edge supported" role="img" aria-label="Edge check"></span></span><span class="engine" title="Supported in Firefox"><span class="browser firefox supported" role="img" aria-label="Firefox check"></span></span><span class="engine" title="Supported in Safari"><span class="browser safari supported" role="img" aria-label="Safari check"></span></span></div><span class="icon icon-chevron "></span></summary><div class="extra"><p>This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2015.</p><ul><li><a href="/en-US/docs/Glossary/Baseline/Compatibility" data-glean="baseline_link_learn_more" target="_blank" class="learn-more">Learn more</a></li><li><a href="#browser_compatibility" data-glean="baseline_link_bcd_table">See full compatibility</a></li><li><a href="https://survey.alchemer.com/s3/7634825/MDN-baseline-feedback?page=%2Fen-US%2Fdocs%2FWeb%2FAPI%2FWindow%2Fpopstate_event&level=high" data-glean="baseline_link_feedback" class="feedback-link" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Report feedback</a></li></ul></div></details></header><div class="section-content"><p>The <strong><code>popstate</code></strong> event of the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window"><code>Window</code></a> interface is fired when the active history entry changes while the user navigates the session history. It changes the current history entry to that of the last page the user visited or, if <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/pushState"><code>history.pushState()</code></a> has been used to add a history entry to the history stack, that history entry is used instead.</p></div><section aria-labelledby="syntax"><h2 id="syntax"><a href="#syntax">Syntax</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>Use the event name in methods like <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget/addEventListener" title="addEventListener()"><code>addEventListener()</code></a>, or set an event handler property.</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>addEventListener("popstate", (event) => {}); onpopstate = (event) => {}; </code></pre></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="event_type"><h2 id="event_type"><a href="#event_type">Event type</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>A <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent"><code>PopStateEvent</code></a>. Inherits from <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Event"><code>Event</code></a>.</p> <svg viewBox="-1 -1 650 42" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin meet"><a style="text-decoration: none;" href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Event"> <rect x="0" y="0" width="75" height="25" fill="#fff" stroke="#D4DDE4" stroke-width="2px"></rect> <text x="37.5" y="16" font-size="10px" fill="#4D4E53" text-anchor="middle"> Event </text> </a><line x1="75" y1="14" x2="105" y2="14" stroke="#D4DDE4"></line><polyline points="75,14 85,9 85,19 75,14" stroke="#D4DDE4" fill="#fff"></polyline><a style="text-decoration: none;" href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent"> <rect x="105" y="0" width="104" height="25" fill="#F4F7F8" stroke="#D4DDE4" stroke-width="2px"></rect> <text x="157" y="16" font-size="10px" fill="#4D4E53" text-anchor="middle"> PopStateEvent </text> </a></svg></div></section><section aria-labelledby="event_properties"><h2 id="event_properties"><a href="#event_properties">Event properties</a></h2><div class="section-content"><dl> <dt id="popstateevent.state"><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent/state"><code>PopStateEvent.state</code></a> <span class="badge inline readonly" title="This value may not be changed.">Read only</span></dt> <dd> <p>Returns a copy of the information that was provided to <code>pushState()</code> or <code>replaceState()</code>.</p> </dd> </dl></div></section><section aria-labelledby="event_handler_aliases"><h2 id="event_handler_aliases"><a href="#event_handler_aliases">Event handler aliases</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>In addition to the <code>Window</code> interface, the event handler property <code>onpopstate</code> is also available on the following elements:</p> <ul> <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLBodyElement"><code>HTMLBodyElement</code></a></li> <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLFrameSetElement"><code>HTMLFrameSetElement</code></a></li> <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/SVGSVGElement"><code>SVGSVGElement</code></a></li> </ul></div></section><section aria-labelledby="the_history_stack"><h2 id="the_history_stack"><a href="#the_history_stack">The history stack</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>If the history entry being activated was created by a call to <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/pushState"><code>history.pushState()</code></a> or was affected by a call to <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/replaceState"><code>history.replaceState()</code></a>, the <code>popstate</code> event's <code>state</code> property contains a copy of the history entry's state object.</p> <p>These methods and their corresponding events can be used to add data to the history stack which can be used to reconstruct a dynamically generated page, or to otherwise alter the state of the content being presented while remaining on the same <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document"><code>Document</code></a>.</p> <p>Note that just calling <code>history.pushState()</code> or <code>history.replaceState()</code> won't trigger a <code>popstate</code> event. The <code>popstate</code> event will be triggered by doing a browser action such as a click on the back or forward button (or calling <code>history.back()</code> or <code>history.forward()</code> in JavaScript).</p> <p>Browsers tend to handle the <code>popstate</code> event differently on page load. Chrome (prior to v34) and Safari always emit a <code>popstate</code> event on page load, but Firefox doesn't.</p> <div class="notecard note"> <p><strong>Note:</strong> When writing functions that process <code>popstate</code> event it is important to take into account that properties like <code>window.location</code> will already reflect the state change (if it affected the current URL), but <code>document</code> might still not. If the goal is to catch the moment when the new document state is already fully in place, a zero-delay <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setTimeout" title="setTimeout()"><code>setTimeout()</code></a> method call should be used to effectively put its inner <em>callback</em> function that does the processing at the end of the browser event loop: <code>window.onpopstate = () => setTimeout(doSomeThing, 0);</code></p> </div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="when_popstate_is_sent"><h2 id="when_popstate_is_sent"><a href="#when_popstate_is_sent">When popstate is sent</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>It's important to first understand that — to combat unwanted pop-ups — browsers may not fire the <code>popstate</code> event at all unless the page has been interacted with.</p> <p>This section describes the steps that browsers follow in the cases where they <em>do</em> potentially fire the <code>popstate</code> event (that is, in the cases where the page has been interacted with).</p> <p>When a navigation occurs — either due to the user triggering the browser's <kbd>Back</kbd> button or otherwise — the <code>popstate</code> event is near the end of the process to navigate to the new location. It happens after the new location has loaded (if needed), displayed, made visible, and so on — after the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageshow_event" title="pageshow"><code>pageshow</code></a> event is sent, but before the persisted user state information is restored and the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event" title="hashchange"><code>hashchange</code></a> event is sent.</p> <p>To better understand when the <code>popstate</code> event is fired, consider this simplified sequence of events that occurs when the current history entry changes due to either the user navigating the site or the history being traversed programmatically. Here, the transition is changing the current history entry to one we'll refer to as <strong>new-entry</strong>. The current page's session history stack entry will be referred to as <strong>current-entry</strong>.</p> <ol> <li>If <strong>new-entry</strong> doesn't currently contain an existing <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document"><code>Document</code></a>, fetch the content and create its <code>Document</code> before continuing. This will eventually send events such as <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/DOMContentLoaded_event" title="DOMContentLoaded"><code>DOMContentLoaded</code></a> and <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/load_event" title="load"><code>load</code></a> to the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window"><code>Window</code></a> containing the document, but the steps below will continue to execute in the meantime.</li> <li>If <strong>current-entry</strong>'s title wasn't set using one of the History API methods (<a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/pushState" title="pushState()"><code>pushState()</code></a> or <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/replaceState" title="replaceState()"><code>replaceState()</code></a>), set the entry's title to the string returned by its <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/title"><code>document.title</code></a> attribute.</li> <li>If the browser has state information it wishes to store with the <strong>current-entry</strong> before navigating away from it, it then does so. The entry is now said to have "persisted user state." This information the browser might add to the history session entry may include, for instance, the document's scroll position, the values of form inputs, and other such data.</li> <li>If <strong>new-entry</strong> has a different <code>Document</code> object than <strong>current-entry</strong>, the browsing context is updated so that its <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/document" title="document"><code>document</code></a> property refers to the document referred to by <strong>new-entry</strong>, and the context's name is updated to match the context name of the now-current document.</li> <li>Each form control within <strong>new-entry</strong>'s <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document"><code>Document</code></a> that has <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#autocomplete"><code>autocomplete</code></a> configured with its autofill field name set to <code>off</code> is reset. See <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/autocomplete">The HTML autocomplete attribute</a> for more about the autocomplete field names and how autocomplete works.</li> <li>If <strong>new-entry</strong>'s document is already fully loaded and ready—that is, its <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/readyState" title="readyState"><code>readyState</code></a> is <code>complete</code>—and the document is not already visible, it's made visible and the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageshow_event" title="pageshow"><code>pageshow</code></a> event is fired at the document with the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/PageTransitionEvent"><code>PageTransitionEvent</code></a>'s <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/PageTransitionEvent/persisted" title="persisted"><code>persisted</code></a> attribute set to <code>true</code>.</li> <li>The document's <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/URL" title="URL"><code>URL</code></a> is set to that of <strong>new-entry</strong>.</li> <li>If the history traversal is being performed with replacement enabled, the entry immediately prior to the destination entry (taking into account the <code>delta</code> parameter on methods such as <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/go" title="go()"><code>go()</code></a>) is removed from the history stack.</li> <li>If the <strong>new-entry</strong> doesn't have persisted user state and its URL's fragment is non-<code>null</code>, the document is scrolled to that fragment.</li> <li>Next, <strong>current-entry</strong> is set to <strong>new-entry</strong>. The destination entry is now considered to be current.</li> <li>If <strong>new-entry</strong> has serialized state information saved with it, that information is deserialized into <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/state"><code>History.state</code></a>; otherwise, <code>state</code> is <code>null</code>.</li> <li>If the value of <code>state</code> changed, the <code>popstate</code> event is sent to the document.</li> <li>Any persisted user state is restored, if the browser chooses to do so.</li> <li>If the original and new entries shared the same document, but had different fragments in their URLs, send the <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event" title="hashchange"><code>hashchange</code></a> event to the window.</li> </ol> <p>As you can see, the <code>popstate</code> event is nearly the last thing done in the process of navigating pages in this way.</p></div></section><section aria-labelledby="examples"><h2 id="examples"><a href="#examples">Examples</a></h2><div class="section-content"><p>A page at <code>http://example.com/example.html</code> running the following code will generate logs as indicated:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>window.addEventListener("popstate", (event) => { console.log( `location: ${document.location}, state: ${JSON.stringify(event.state)}`, ); }); history.pushState({ page: 1 }, "title 1", "?page=1"); history.pushState({ page: 2 }, "title 2", "?page=2"); history.replaceState({ page: 3 }, "title 3", "?page=3"); history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=1, state: {"page":1}" history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html, state: null" history.go(2); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=3, state: {"page":3}" </code></pre></div> <p>The same example using the <code>onpopstate</code> event handler property:</p> <div class="code-example"><div class="example-header"><span class="language-name">js</span></div><pre class="brush: js notranslate"><code>window.onpopstate = (event) => { console.log( `location: ${document.location}, state: ${JSON.stringify(event.state)}`, ); }; history.pushState({ page: 1 }, "title 1", "?page=1"); history.pushState({ page: 2 }, "title 2", "?page=2"); history.replaceState({ page: 3 }, "title 3", "?page=3"); history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=1, state: {"page":1}" history.back(); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html, state: null" history.go(2); // Logs "location: http://example.com/example.html?page=3, state: {"page":3}" </code></pre></div> <p>Note that even though the original history entry (for <code>http://example.com/example.html</code>) has no state object associated with it, a <code>popstate</code> event is still fired when we activate that entry after the second call to <code>history.back()</code>.</p></div></section><h2 id="specifications"><a href="#specifications">Specifications</a></h2><table class="standard-table"><thead><tr><th scope="col">Specification</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/indices.html#event-popstate">HTML <br/><small># event-popstate</small></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#handler-window-onpopstate">HTML <br/><small># handler-window-onpopstate</small></a></td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="browser_compatibility"><a href="#browser_compatibility">Browser compatibility</a></h2><p>BCD tables only load in the browser<noscript> with JavaScript enabled. Enable JavaScript to view data.</noscript></p><section aria-labelledby="see_also"><h2 id="see_also"><a href="#see_also">See also</a></h2><div class="section-content"><ul> <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/History_API">Manipulating the browser history (the History API)</a></li> <li><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event">Window: <code>hashchange</code> event</a></li> </ul></div></section></article><aside class="article-footer"><div class="article-footer-inner"><div class="svg-container"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="162" height="162" viewBox="0 0 162 162" fill="none" role="none"><mask id="b" fill="#fff"><path d="M97.203 47.04c8.113-7.886 18.004-13.871 28.906-17.492a78 78 0 0 1 33.969-3.39c11.443 1.39 22.401 5.295 32.024 11.411s17.656 14.28 23.476 23.86c5.819 9.579 9.269 20.318 10.083 31.385a69.85 69.85 0 0 1-5.387 32.44c-4.358 10.272-11.115 19.443-19.747 26.801-8.632 7.359-18.908 12.709-30.034 15.637l-6.17-21.698c7.666-2.017 14.746-5.703 20.694-10.773 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contributors. Content available under <a href="/en-US/docs/MDN/Writing_guidelines/Attrib_copyright_license">a Creative Commons license</a>.</p></div></div></footer></div><script type="application/json" id="hydration">{"url":"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event","doc":{"body":[{"type":"prose","value":{"id":null,"title":null,"isH3":false,"content":"<p>The <strong><code>popstate</code></strong> event of the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window\"><code>Window</code></a> interface is fired when the active history entry changes while the user navigates the session history. It changes the current history entry to that of the last page the user visited or, if <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/pushState\"><code>history.pushState()</code></a> has been used to add a history entry to the history stack, that history entry is used instead.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"syntax","title":"Syntax","isH3":false,"content":"<p>Use the event name in methods like <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget/addEventListener\" title=\"addEventListener()\"><code>addEventListener()</code></a>, or set an event handler property.</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>addEventListener(\"popstate\", (event) => {});\nonpopstate = (event) => {};\n</code></pre></div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"event_type","title":"Event type","isH3":false,"content":"<p>A <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent\"><code>PopStateEvent</code></a>. Inherits from <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Event\"><code>Event</code></a>.</p>\n<svg viewBox=\"-1 -1 650 42\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMinYMin meet\"><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Event\">\n <rect x=\"0\" y=\"0\" width=\"75\" height=\"25\" fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"#D4DDE4\" stroke-width=\"2px\"></rect>\n <text x=\"37.5\" y=\"16\" font-size=\"10px\" fill=\"#4D4E53\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\n Event\n </text>\n </a><line x1=\"75\" y1=\"14\" x2=\"105\" y2=\"14\" stroke=\"#D4DDE4\"></line><polyline points=\"75,14 85,9 85,19 75,14\" stroke=\"#D4DDE4\" fill=\"#fff\"></polyline><a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent\">\n <rect x=\"105\" y=\"0\" width=\"104\" height=\"25\" fill=\"#F4F7F8\" stroke=\"#D4DDE4\" stroke-width=\"2px\"></rect>\n <text x=\"157\" y=\"16\" font-size=\"10px\" fill=\"#4D4E53\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\n PopStateEvent\n </text>\n </a></svg>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"event_properties","title":"Event properties","isH3":false,"content":"<dl>\n<dt id=\"popstateevent.state\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent/state\"><code>PopStateEvent.state</code></a> <span class=\"badge inline readonly\" title=\"This value may not be changed.\">Read only</span></dt>\n<dd>\n<p>Returns a copy of the information that was provided to <code>pushState()</code> or <code>replaceState()</code>.</p>\n</dd>\n</dl>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"event_handler_aliases","title":"Event handler aliases","isH3":false,"content":"<p>In addition to the <code>Window</code> interface, the event handler property <code>onpopstate</code> is also available on the following elements:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLBodyElement\"><code>HTMLBodyElement</code></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLFrameSetElement\"><code>HTMLFrameSetElement</code></a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/SVGSVGElement\"><code>SVGSVGElement</code></a></li>\n</ul>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"the_history_stack","title":"The history stack","isH3":false,"content":"<p>If the history entry being activated was created by a call to <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/pushState\"><code>history.pushState()</code></a> or was affected by a call to <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/replaceState\"><code>history.replaceState()</code></a>, the <code>popstate</code> event's <code>state</code> property contains a copy of the history entry's state object.</p>\n<p>These methods and their corresponding events can be used to add data to the history stack which can be used to reconstruct a dynamically generated page, or to otherwise alter the state of the content being presented while remaining on the same <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document\"><code>Document</code></a>.</p>\n<p>Note that just calling <code>history.pushState()</code> or <code>history.replaceState()</code> won't trigger a <code>popstate</code> event. The <code>popstate</code> event will be triggered by doing a browser action such as a click on the back or forward button (or calling <code>history.back()</code> or <code>history.forward()</code> in JavaScript).</p>\n<p>Browsers tend to handle the <code>popstate</code> event differently on page load. Chrome (prior to v34) and Safari always emit a <code>popstate</code> event on page load, but Firefox doesn't.</p>\n<div class=\"notecard note\">\n<p><strong>Note:</strong>\nWhen writing functions that process <code>popstate</code> event it is important to take into account that properties like <code>window.location</code> will already reflect the state change (if it affected the current URL), but <code>document</code> might still not. If the goal is to catch the moment when the new document state is already fully in place, a zero-delay <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setTimeout\" title=\"setTimeout()\"><code>setTimeout()</code></a> method call should be used to effectively put its inner <em>callback</em> function that does the processing at the end of the browser event loop: <code>window.onpopstate = () => setTimeout(doSomeThing, 0);</code></p>\n</div>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"when_popstate_is_sent","title":"When popstate is sent","isH3":false,"content":"<p>It's important to first understand that — to combat unwanted pop-ups — browsers may not fire the <code>popstate</code> event at all unless the page has been interacted with.</p>\n<p>This section describes the steps that browsers follow in the cases where they <em>do</em> potentially fire the <code>popstate</code> event (that is, in the cases where the page has been interacted with).</p>\n<p>When a navigation occurs — either due to the user triggering the browser's <kbd>Back</kbd> button or otherwise — the <code>popstate</code> event is near the end of the process to navigate to the new location. It happens after the new location has loaded (if needed), displayed, made visible, and so on — after the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageshow_event\" title=\"pageshow\"><code>pageshow</code></a> event is sent, but before the persisted user state information is restored and the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event\" title=\"hashchange\"><code>hashchange</code></a> event is sent.</p>\n<p>To better understand when the <code>popstate</code> event is fired, consider this simplified sequence of events that occurs when the current history entry changes due to either the user navigating the site or the history being traversed programmatically. Here, the transition is changing the current history entry to one we'll refer to as <strong>new-entry</strong>. The current page's session history stack entry will be referred to as <strong>current-entry</strong>.</p>\n<ol>\n<li>If <strong>new-entry</strong> doesn't currently contain an existing <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document\"><code>Document</code></a>, fetch the content and create its <code>Document</code> before continuing. This will eventually send events such as <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/DOMContentLoaded_event\" title=\"DOMContentLoaded\"><code>DOMContentLoaded</code></a> and <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/load_event\" title=\"load\"><code>load</code></a> to the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window\"><code>Window</code></a> containing the document, but the steps below will continue to execute in the meantime.</li>\n<li>If <strong>current-entry</strong>'s title wasn't set using one of the History API methods (<a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/pushState\" title=\"pushState()\"><code>pushState()</code></a> or <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/replaceState\" title=\"replaceState()\"><code>replaceState()</code></a>), set the entry's title to the string returned by its <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/title\"><code>document.title</code></a> attribute.</li>\n<li>If the browser has state information it wishes to store with the <strong>current-entry</strong> before navigating away from it, it then does so. The entry is now said to have \"persisted user state.\" This information the browser might add to the history session entry may include, for instance, the document's scroll position, the values of form inputs, and other such data.</li>\n<li>If <strong>new-entry</strong> has a different <code>Document</code> object than <strong>current-entry</strong>, the browsing context is updated so that its <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/document\" title=\"document\"><code>document</code></a> property refers to the document referred to by <strong>new-entry</strong>, and the context's name is updated to match the context name of the now-current document.</li>\n<li>Each form control within <strong>new-entry</strong>'s <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document\"><code>Document</code></a> that has <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#autocomplete\"><code>autocomplete</code></a> configured with its autofill field name set to <code>off</code> is reset. See <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Attributes/autocomplete\">The HTML autocomplete attribute</a> for more about the autocomplete field names and how autocomplete works.</li>\n<li>If <strong>new-entry</strong>'s document is already fully loaded and ready—that is, its <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/readyState\" title=\"readyState\"><code>readyState</code></a> is <code>complete</code>—and the document is not already visible, it's made visible and the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageshow_event\" title=\"pageshow\"><code>pageshow</code></a> event is fired at the document with the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/PageTransitionEvent\"><code>PageTransitionEvent</code></a>'s <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/PageTransitionEvent/persisted\" title=\"persisted\"><code>persisted</code></a> attribute set to <code>true</code>.</li>\n<li>The document's <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Document/URL\" title=\"URL\"><code>URL</code></a> is set to that of <strong>new-entry</strong>.</li>\n<li>If the history traversal is being performed with replacement enabled, the entry immediately prior to the destination entry (taking into account the <code>delta</code> parameter on methods such as <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/go\" title=\"go()\"><code>go()</code></a>) is removed from the history stack.</li>\n<li>If the <strong>new-entry</strong> doesn't have persisted user state and its URL's fragment is non-<code>null</code>, the document is scrolled to that fragment.</li>\n<li>Next, <strong>current-entry</strong> is set to <strong>new-entry</strong>. The destination entry is now considered to be current.</li>\n<li>If <strong>new-entry</strong> has serialized state information saved with it, that information is deserialized into <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History/state\"><code>History.state</code></a>; otherwise, <code>state</code> is <code>null</code>.</li>\n<li>If the value of <code>state</code> changed, the <code>popstate</code> event is sent to the document.</li>\n<li>Any persisted user state is restored, if the browser chooses to do so.</li>\n<li>If the original and new entries shared the same document, but had different fragments in their URLs, send the <a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event\" title=\"hashchange\"><code>hashchange</code></a> event to the window.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>As you can see, the <code>popstate</code> event is nearly the last thing done in the process of navigating pages in this way.</p>"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"examples","title":"Examples","isH3":false,"content":"<p>A page at <code>http://example.com/example.html</code> running the following code will generate logs as indicated:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>window.addEventListener(\"popstate\", (event) => {\n console.log(\n `location: ${document.location}, state: ${JSON.stringify(event.state)}`,\n );\n});\nhistory.pushState({ page: 1 }, \"title 1\", \"?page=1\");\nhistory.pushState({ page: 2 }, \"title 2\", \"?page=2\");\nhistory.replaceState({ page: 3 }, \"title 3\", \"?page=3\");\nhistory.back(); // Logs \"location: http://example.com/example.html?page=1, state: {\"page\":1}\"\nhistory.back(); // Logs \"location: http://example.com/example.html, state: null\"\nhistory.go(2); // Logs \"location: http://example.com/example.html?page=3, state: {\"page\":3}\"\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>The same example using the <code>onpopstate</code> event handler property:</p>\n<div class=\"code-example\"><div class=\"example-header\"><span class=\"language-name\">js</span></div><pre class=\"brush: js notranslate\"><code>window.onpopstate = (event) => {\n console.log(\n `location: ${document.location}, state: ${JSON.stringify(event.state)}`,\n );\n};\nhistory.pushState({ page: 1 }, \"title 1\", \"?page=1\");\nhistory.pushState({ page: 2 }, \"title 2\", \"?page=2\");\nhistory.replaceState({ page: 3 }, \"title 3\", \"?page=3\");\nhistory.back(); // Logs \"location: http://example.com/example.html?page=1, state: {\"page\":1}\"\nhistory.back(); // Logs \"location: http://example.com/example.html, state: null\"\nhistory.go(2); // Logs \"location: http://example.com/example.html?page=3, state: {\"page\":3}\"\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Note that even though the original history entry (for <code>http://example.com/example.html</code>) has no state object associated with it, a <code>popstate</code> event is still fired when we activate that entry after the second call to <code>history.back()</code>.</p>"}},{"type":"specifications","value":{"id":"specifications","title":"Specifications","isH3":false,"specifications":[{"bcdSpecificationURL":"https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/indices.html#event-popstate","title":"HTML"},{"bcdSpecificationURL":"https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#handler-window-onpopstate","title":"HTML"}],"query":"api.Window.popstate_event"}},{"type":"browser_compatibility","value":{"id":"browser_compatibility","title":"Browser compatibility","isH3":false,"query":"api.Window.popstate_event"}},{"type":"prose","value":{"id":"see_also","title":"See also","isH3":false,"content":"<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History_API\">Manipulating the browser history (the History API)</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event\">Window: <code>hashchange</code> event</a></li>\n</ul>"}}],"isActive":true,"isMarkdown":true,"isTranslated":false,"locale":"en-US","mdn_url":"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event","modified":"2024-10-07T09:37:56.000Z","native":"English (US)","noIndexing":false,"other_translations":[{"locale":"de","title":"Window: popstate Ereignis","native":"Deutsch"},{"locale":"es","title":"onpopstate","native":"Español"},{"locale":"fr","title":"popstate","native":"Français"},{"locale":"ja","title":"Window: popstate イベント","native":"日本語"},{"locale":"ko","title":"popstate","native":"한국어"},{"locale":"pt-BR","title":"popstate","native":"Português (do Brasil)"},{"locale":"ru","title":"popstate","native":"Русский"},{"locale":"zh-CN","title":"WindowEventHandlers.onpopstate","native":"中文 (简体)"},{"locale":"zh-TW","title":"window.onpopstate","native":"正體中文 (繁體)"}],"pageTitle":"Window: popstate event - Web APIs | MDN","parents":[{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Web","title":"References"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Web/API","title":"Web APIs"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window","title":"Window"},{"uri":"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event","title":"popstate"}],"popularity":null,"short_title":"popstate","sidebarHTML":"<ol><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History_API\">History API</a></li><li class=\"section\"><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window\"><code>Window</code></a></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>Instance properties</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/caches\"><code>caches</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/closed\"><code>closed</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cookieStore\"><code>cookieStore</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/credentialless\"><code>credentialless</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/crossOriginIsolated\"><code>crossOriginIsolated</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/crypto\"><code>crypto</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/customElements\"><code>customElements</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/devicePixelRatio\"><code>devicePixelRatio</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/document\"><code>document</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/documentPictureInPicture\"><code>documentPictureInPicture</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/event\"><code>event</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/external\"><code>external</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/fence\"><code>fence</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/frameElement\"><code>frameElement</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/frames\"><code>frames</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/fullScreen\"><code>fullScreen</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/history\"><code>history</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/indexedDB\"><code>indexedDB</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/innerHeight\"><code>innerHeight</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/innerWidth\"><code>innerWidth</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/isSecureContext\"><code>isSecureContext</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/launchQueue\"><code>launchQueue</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/length\"><code>length</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/localStorage\"><code>localStorage</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/location\"><code>location</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/locationbar\"><code>locationbar</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/menubar\"><code>menubar</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/mozInnerScreenX\"><code>mozInnerScreenX</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/mozInnerScreenY\"><code>mozInnerScreenY</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/name\"><code>name</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/navigation\"><code>navigation</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/navigator\"><code>navigator</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/opener\"><code>opener</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/orientation\"><code>orientation</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/origin\"><code>origin</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/originAgentCluster\"><code>originAgentCluster</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/outerHeight\"><code>outerHeight</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/outerWidth\"><code>outerWidth</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/parent\"><code>parent</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/performance\"><code>performance</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/personalbar\"><code>personalbar</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scheduler\"><code>scheduler</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screen\"><code>screen</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenLeft\"><code>screenLeft</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenTop\"><code>screenTop</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenX\"><code>screenX</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/screenY\"><code>screenY</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollbars\"><code>scrollbars</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollMaxX\"><code>scrollMaxX</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollMaxY\"><code>scrollMaxY</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollX\"><code>scrollX</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollY\"><code>scrollY</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/self\"><code>self</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/sessionStorage\"><code>sessionStorage</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/sharedStorage\"><code>sharedStorage</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/speechSynthesis\"><code>speechSynthesis</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/status\"><code>status</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/statusbar\"><code>statusbar</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/toolbar\"><code>toolbar</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/top\"><code>top</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/trustedTypes\"><code>trustedTypes</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/visualViewport\"><code>visualViewport</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/window\"><code>window</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>Instance methods</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/alert\"><code>alert()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/atob\"><code>atob()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/back\"><code>back()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/blur\"><code>blur()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/btoa\"><code>btoa()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cancelAnimationFrame\"><code>cancelAnimationFrame()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cancelIdleCallback\"><code>cancelIdleCallback()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/captureEvents\"><code>captureEvents()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/clearImmediate\"><code>clearImmediate()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/clearInterval\"><code>clearInterval()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/clearTimeout\"><code>clearTimeout()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/close\"><code>close()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/confirm\"><code>confirm()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/createImageBitmap\"><code>createImageBitmap()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/dump\"><code>dump()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/fetch\"><code>fetch()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/find\"><code>find()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/focus\"><code>focus()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/forward\"><code>forward()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getComputedStyle\"><code>getComputedStyle()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getDefaultComputedStyle\"><code>getDefaultComputedStyle()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getScreenDetails\"><code>getScreenDetails()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/getSelection\"><code>getSelection()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/matchMedia\"><code>matchMedia()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/moveBy\"><code>moveBy()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/moveTo\"><code>moveTo()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/open\"><code>open()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/postMessage\"><code>postMessage()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/print\"><code>print()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/prompt\"><code>prompt()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/queryLocalFonts\"><code>queryLocalFonts()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/queueMicrotask\"><code>queueMicrotask()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/releaseEvents\"><code>releaseEvents()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/reportError\"><code>reportError()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestAnimationFrame\"><code>requestAnimationFrame()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestFileSystem\"><code>requestFileSystem()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/requestIdleCallback\"><code>requestIdleCallback()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/resizeBy\"><code>resizeBy()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/resizeTo\"><code>resizeTo()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scroll\"><code>scroll()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollBy\"><code>scrollBy()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollByLines\"><code>scrollByLines()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollByPages\"><code>scrollByPages()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollTo\"><code>scrollTo()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setImmediate\"><code>setImmediate()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setInterval\"><code>setInterval()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setResizable\"><code>setResizable()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/setTimeout\"><code>setTimeout()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showDirectoryPicker\"><code>showDirectoryPicker()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showModalDialog\"><code>showModalDialog()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showOpenFilePicker\"><code>showOpenFilePicker()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/showSaveFilePicker\"><code>showSaveFilePicker()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/sizeToContent\"><code>sizeToContent()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/stop\"><code>stop()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/structuredClone\"><code>structuredClone()</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/webkitConvertPointFromNodeToPage\"><code>webkitConvertPointFromNodeToPage()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/webkitConvertPointFromPageToNode\"><code>webkitConvertPointFromPageToNode()</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>Events</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/afterprint_event\"><code>afterprint</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/appinstalled_event\"><code>appinstalled</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/beforeinstallprompt_event\"><code>beforeinstallprompt</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/beforeprint_event\"><code>beforeprint</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/beforeunload_event\"><code>beforeunload</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/blur_event\"><code>blur</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/copy_event\"><code>copy</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/cut_event\"><code>cut</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/devicemotion_event\"><code>devicemotion</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/deviceorientation_event\"><code>deviceorientation</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/deviceorientationabsolute_event\"><code>deviceorientationabsolute</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/error_event\"><code>error</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/focus_event\"><code>focus</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/gamepadconnected_event\"><code>gamepadconnected</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/gamepaddisconnected_event\"><code>gamepaddisconnected</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/hashchange_event\"><code>hashchange</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/languagechange_event\"><code>languagechange</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/load_event\"><code>load</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/message_event\"><code>message</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/messageerror_event\"><code>messageerror</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/offline_event\"><code>offline</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/online_event\"><code>online</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/orientationchange_event\"><code>orientationchange</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pagehide_event\"><code>pagehide</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pagereveal_event\"><code>pagereveal</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageshow_event\"><code>pageshow</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/pageswap_event\"><code>pageswap</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/paste_event\"><code>paste</code></a></li><li><em><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/popstate_event\" aria-current=\"page\"><code>popstate</code></a></em></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/rejectionhandled_event\"><code>rejectionhandled</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/resize_event\"><code>resize</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollsnapchange_event\"><code>scrollsnapchange</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/scrollsnapchanging_event\"><code>scrollsnapchanging</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-experimental\" title=\"Experimental. Expect behavior to change in the future.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Experimental</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/storage_event\"><code>storage</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/unhandledrejection_event\"><code>unhandledrejection</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/unload_event\"><code>unload</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplayactivate_event\"><code>vrdisplayactivate</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplayconnect_event\"><code>vrdisplayconnect</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplaydeactivate_event\"><code>vrdisplaydeactivate</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplaydisconnect_event\"><code>vrdisplaydisconnect</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/vrdisplaypresentchange_event\"><code>vrdisplaypresentchange</code></a><abbr class=\"icon icon-nonstandard\" title=\"Non-standard. Check cross-browser support before using.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Non-standard</span>\n</abbr><abbr class=\"icon icon-deprecated\" title=\"Deprecated. Not for use in new websites.\">\n<span class=\"visually-hidden\">Deprecated</span>\n</abbr></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>Inheritance</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/EventTarget\"><code>EventTarget</code></a></li></ol></details></li><li class=\"toggle\"><details open=\"\"><summary>Related pages for History API</summary><ol><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/History\"><code>History</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/PopStateEvent\"><code>PopStateEvent</code></a></li><li><a href=\"/en-US/docs/Web/API/Window/history\"><code>Window.history</code></a></li></ol></details></li></ol>","source":{"folder":"en-us/web/api/window/popstate_event","github_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/blob/main/files/en-us/web/api/window/popstate_event/index.md","last_commit_url":"https://github.com/mdn/content/commit/1b4e6d1156e8471d38deeea1567c35ef412c5f42","filename":"index.md"},"summary":"The popstate event of the Window interface is fired when the active history entry changes while the user navigates the session history. It changes the current history entry to that of the last page the user visited or, if history.pushState() has been used to add a history entry to the history stack, that history entry is used instead.","title":"Window: popstate event","toc":[{"text":"Syntax","id":"syntax"},{"text":"Event type","id":"event_type"},{"text":"Event properties","id":"event_properties"},{"text":"Event handler aliases","id":"event_handler_aliases"},{"text":"The history stack","id":"the_history_stack"},{"text":"When popstate is sent","id":"when_popstate_is_sent"},{"text":"Examples","id":"examples"},{"text":"Specifications","id":"specifications"},{"text":"Browser compatibility","id":"browser_compatibility"},{"text":"See also","id":"see_also"}],"baseline":{"baseline":"high","baseline_low_date":"2015-07-29","baseline_high_date":"2018-01-29","support":{"chrome":"5","chrome_android":"18","edge":"12","firefox":"4","firefox_android":"4","safari":"5","safari_ios":"4"}},"browserCompat":["api.Window.popstate_event"],"pageType":"web-api-event"}}</script></body></html>