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populares</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libri_populares-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia_chemiae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia_chemiae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Historia chemiae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia_chemiae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libri_scholastici,_inferiores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libri_scholastici,_inferiores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Libri scholastici, inferiores</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libri_scholastici,_inferiores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Libri_scholastici,_superiores" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Libri_scholastici,_superiores"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Libri scholastici, superiores</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Libri_scholastici,_superiores-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nexus_externus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nexus_externus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Nexus externus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nexus_externus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Index" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chemia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 235 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-235" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">235 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Africana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Africana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B0_%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%A5%E1%88%AD_%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5" title="የጥንተ ንጥር ጥናት – Amharica" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የጥንተ ንጥር ጥናት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimica" title="Quimica – Aragonensis" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Quimica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="كيمياء – Arabica" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كيمياء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9F%DC%9D%DC%A1%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܟܝܡܝܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܟܝܡܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A" title="شيمي – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شيمي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="كيميا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كيميا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান – Assamica" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰসায়ন বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razopa" title="Razopa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Razopa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्‍त्र – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="रसायनशास्‍त्र" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya" title="Kimya – Atropatenica" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kimya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Atropatenica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="شیمی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیمی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemii" title="Kemii – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kemii" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kem%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Kemėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kemėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хімія – Ruthenica Alba" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Ruthenica Alba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хімія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Bulgarica" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्‍त्र – Bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रसायनशास्‍त्र" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistri" title="Kemistri – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kemistri" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဓာတုဗေဒ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ဓာတုဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="রসায়ন – Bengalica" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রসায়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%AB%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="རྫས་འགྱུར་རིག་པ། – Tibetana" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རྫས་འགྱུར་རིག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiezh" title="Kimiezh – Britonica" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kimiezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Britonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemija" title="Hemija – Bosnica" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hemija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Catalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimica" title="Quimica – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Quimica" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C3%A1-h%C5%8Fk" title="Huá-hŏk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huá-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%91%E1%8F%B0%E1%8F%97%E1%8F%A7%E1%8F%93%E1%8E%B4%E1%8E%B2%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%98" title="ᎠᏑᏰᏗᏧᏓᎴᎲᏓᏅᏬᏘ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏑᏰᏗᏧᏓᎴᎲᏓᏅᏬᏘ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیمیا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کیمیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – Corsa" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himiya" title="Himiya – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Himiya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Bohemica" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Bohemica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemij%C3%B4" title="Chemijô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Chemijô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – Chuvassica" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvassica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemeg" title="Cemeg – Cambrica" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cemeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Cambrica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi – Danica" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kemi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Germanica" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Germanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%B6c%C3%ABk%C3%A4ti%C9%94%C9%94p" title="Piöcëkätiɔɔp – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Piöcëkätiɔɔp" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya" title="Kimya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kimya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%86%DE%A9%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%A7%DE%87%DE%A9_%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%89%DE%AA" title="ކީމިއާއީ އިލްމު – Dhivehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ކީމިއާއީ އިލްމު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Dhivehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Χημεία – Graeca" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Graeca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9mmica" title="Chémmica – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Chémmica" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry – Anglica" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemistry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Anglica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemio" title="Kemio – Esperantica" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kemio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperantica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Hispanica" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Hispanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemia" title="Keemia – Estonica" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – Vasconica" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Vasconica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="شیمی – Persica" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia" title="Kemia – Finnica" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemi%C3%A4" title="Keemiä – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Keemiä" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisitiri" title="Kemisitiri – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kemisitiri" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evnafr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Evnafrøði – Faroensis" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Evnafrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – Francogallica" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francogallica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C2%B7imie" title="Ch·imie – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ch·imie" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemii" title="Chemii – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Chemii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimiche" title="Chimiche – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Chimiche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skiekunde" title="Skiekunde – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Skiekunde" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceimic" title="Ceimic – Hibernica" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ceimic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Hibernica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimi" title="Chimi – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Chimi" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceimigeachd" title="Ceimigeachd – Scotica" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ceimigeachd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scotica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Gallaica" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Gallaica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – Guaranica" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaranica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%A3_%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="રસાયણ શાસ્ત્ર – Gujaratensis" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રસાયણ શાસ્ત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujaratensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achajaya" title="Achajaya – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Achajaya" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemmig" title="Kemmig – Monensis" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Kemmig" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Monensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimiyya" title="Kimiyya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Kimiyya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Fa-ho̍k – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Fa-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemika" title="Kemika – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kemika" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="כימיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כימיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="रसायन विज्ञान – Hindica" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रसायन विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasayan_vigyan" title="Rasayan vigyan – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Rasayan vigyan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemija" title="Kemija – Croatica" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimi" title="Chimi – Creolus Haitianus" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Chimi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creolus Haitianus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9mia" title="Kémia – Hungarica" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kémia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Քիմիա – Armenica" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Տարրաբանութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Տարրաբանութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimia" title="Chimia – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Chimia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemio" title="Kemio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kemio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efnafr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Efnafræði – Islandica" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Efnafræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – Italiana" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="化学 – Iaponica" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="化学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Iaponica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimischri" title="Kimischri – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kimischri" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xumske" title="xumske – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xumske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Iavensis" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Iavensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქიმია – Georgiana" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქიმია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgiana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ximiya" title="Ximiya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ximiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takrura" title="Takrura – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Takrura" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siimii_l%C9%9B%C9%A3t%CA%8B" title="Siimii lɛɣtʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Siimii lɛɣtʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemu" title="Kemu – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Kemu" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Cazachica" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Cazachica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="គីមីវិទ្យា – Chmerica" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="គីមីវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Chmerica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ರಸಾಯನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ – Cannadica" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಸಾಯನಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Cannadica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99" title="화학 – Coreana" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%9A%D9%86" title="رسایٚن – Casmirica" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="رسایٚن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Casmirica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%AEmya" title="Kîmya – Curdica" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kîmya" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Curdica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kymystry" title="Kymystry – Cornubica" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kymystry" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornubica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Chirgisica" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Chirgisica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemika" title="Kemika – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kemika" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – Luxemburgica" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimica" title="Cimica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cimica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebyobuziba" title="Ebyobuziba – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Ebyobuziba" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Limburgica" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimica" title="Chimica – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Chimica" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ADmica" title="Chímica – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Chímica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9mi" title="Kémi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kémi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ເຄມີສາດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຄມີສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemija" title="Chemija – Lithuanica" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chemija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmija" title="Ķīmija – Lettonica" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķīmija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्‍त्र – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="रसायनशास्‍त्र" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Химиясь – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Химиясь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simia" title="Simia – Malagasiana" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Simia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasiana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Химий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Химий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81tauranga_mat%C5%AB" title="Mātauranga matū – Maoriana" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Mātauranga matū" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maoriana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија – Macedonica" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хемија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="രസതന്ത്രം – Malabarica" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രസതന്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – Mongolica" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%A0%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – Marathica" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Malayana" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malayana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – Melitensis" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Melitensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ဓာတုဗေဒ – Birmanica" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဓာတုဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیمیا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کیمیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheikunde" title="Scheikunde – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Scheikunde" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – Nepalensis" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="रसायनशास्त्र – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रसायनशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheikunde" title="Scheikunde – Batava" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Scheikunde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Batava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemi" title="Kjemi – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemi" title="Kjemi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjemi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemie" title="Kemie – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kemie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khemistri" title="Khemistri – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Khemistri" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quimia" title="Quimia – Occitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Quimia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistirii" title="Kemistirii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kemistirii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%A8_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ରସାୟନ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – Orissensis" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରସାୟନ ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Orissensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Хими – Ossetica" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хими" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – Panjabica" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਸਾਇਣ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Panjabica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9mie" title="Kémie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Kémie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistrii" title="Kemistrii – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kemistrii" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemia" title="Chemia – Polonica" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chemia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polonica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="کیمسٹری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کیمسٹری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="کيميا – Afganica" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کيميا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Afganica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Química – Lusitana" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Química" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Lusitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaqllisinchi" title="Chaqllisinchi – Quechuae" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chaqllisinchi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechuae" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – Dacoromanica" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Dacoromanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Chimie" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Russica" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хемія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хемія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="रसतन्त्रम् – Sanscrita" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रसतन्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanscrita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ACmica" title="Chìmica – Sarda" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Chìmica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sarda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ACmica" title="Chìmica – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chìmica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistrie" title="Chemistrie – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chemistrie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="علم ڪيميا – Sindhuica" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="علم ڪيميا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhuica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemija" title="Hemija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takimit" title="Takimit – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Takimit" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="රසායන විද්‍යාව – Singhalensis" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රසායන විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singhalensis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chemistry" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A9mia" title="Chémia – Slovaca" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chémia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="کیمسٹری – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="کیمسٹری" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pagina mensis"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemija" title="Kemija – Slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kemija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemisi" title="Kemisi – Samoana" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Kemisi" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemishonga" title="Chemishonga – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chemishonga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimisteri" title="Kimisteri – Somalica" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kimisteri" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Albanica" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемија – Serbica" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хемија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikhemisi" title="Ikhemisi – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Ikhemisi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemie" title="Chemie – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Chemie" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimia" title="Kimia – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kimia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi – Suecica" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kemi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Suecica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia" title="Kemia – Suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kemia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chymij%C5%8F" title="Chymijŏ – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Chymijŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வேதியியல் – Tamulica" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேதியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamulica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B3%82_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಭೂ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಭೂ ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="రసాయన శాస్త్రం – Telingana" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రసాయన శాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telingana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%91" title="Кимиё – Tadzikica" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кимиё" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzikica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="เคมี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เคมี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himi%C3%BDa" title="Himiýa – Turcomannica" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Himiýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turcomannica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimika" title="Kimika – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kimika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimj%C9%99" title="Kimjə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Kimjə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi – Tongana" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Kemi" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistri" title="Kemistri – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kemistri" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya" title="Kimya – Turcica" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kimya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turcica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ntivo-Mirhi" title="Ntivo-Mirhi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ntivo-Mirhi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Tatarica" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemistre" title="Kemistre – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Kemistre" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Химия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хімія – Ucrainica" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хімія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ucrainica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کیمیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیمیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyo" title="Kimyo – Uzbecica" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kimyo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbecica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ACmega" title="Chìmega – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Chìmega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himii" title="Himii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Himii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Hóa học – Vietnamica" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hóa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiemav" title="Kiemav – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kiemav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchimeye" title="Tchimeye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tchimeye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADmika" title="Kímika – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kímika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKhemistri" title="IKhemistri – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IKhemistri" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქიმია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქიმია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A2" title="כעמיע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כעמיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BA%B9%CC%81m%C3%ADstr%C3%AC" title="Kẹ́místrì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Kẹ́místrì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vayoz" title="Vayoz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vayoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheikunde" title="Scheikunde – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Scheikunde" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴽⵔⵓⵔⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – Sinica" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Sinica" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B2a-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Hòa-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hòa-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="化學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umchazatho" title="Umchazatho – Zuluana" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umchazatho" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zuluana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2329#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Nexus inter linguas recensere" class="wbc-editpage">Nexus recensere</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spatia nominalia"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Mille_Paginae.png/42px-Mille_Paginae.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Mille_Paginae.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">E Vicipaedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="la" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Chemicals_in_flasks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Chemicals_in_flasks.jpg/180px-Chemicals_in_flasks.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Chemicals_in_flasks.jpg/270px-Chemicals_in_flasks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Chemicals_in_flasks.jpg/360px-Chemicals_in_flasks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1818" /></a><figcaption>Lagoenae <a href="/wiki/Liquidum" title="Liquidum">liquores</a> chemicos continentes.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Chemia</b><sup id="cite_ref-Castelli1713_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Castelli1713-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/chemia" class="extiw" title="wikt:chemia">-ae, <i>f.</i></a>), sive <b>chymia</b><sup id="cite_ref-Castelli1713_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Castelli1713-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> seu <b>chimia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-Castelli1713_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Castelli1713-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> est <a href="/wiki/Scientia_(ratio)" title="Scientia (ratio)">scientificum</a> <a href="/wiki/Proprietas" class="mw-disambig" title="Proprietas">proprietatum</a> <a href="/wiki/Mores" title="Mores">morumque</a> <a href="/wiki/Materia" class="mw-disambig" title="Materia">materiae</a> studium,<sup id="cite_ref-brown2018_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown2018-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> una e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scientia_naturalis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scientia naturalis (non est haec pagina)">scientiis naturalibus</a>, multas in <a href="/wiki/Disciplina_academica" title="Disciplina academica">disciplinas</a> divisa, quae <a href="/wiki/Elementum_chemicum" title="Elementum chemicum">elementa</a> materiae <a href="/w/index.php?title=Compositio_chemica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compositio chemica (non est haec pagina)">compositionum chemicarum</a> tractat quae in <a href="/wiki/Atomus" title="Atomus">atomis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molecula" title="Molecula">moleculis</a>, et <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">iontis</a> consistunt, praecipue earum compositionem, structuram, proprietates, mores, et mutationes quae per <a href="/wiki/Reactio_chemica" title="Reactio chemica">reactiones chemicas</a> cum aliis substantiis patiuntur.<sup id="cite_ref-definition_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-definition-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vinculum_chemicum" title="Vinculum chemicum">Vinculum chemicum</a>, quod atomos commitit, est principalis chemiae notio, qua omnes res chemicae explicantur. Cum <a href="/wiki/Physica" title="Physica">physica</a> commutationem statuum physicorum materiae describit, tum chemia commutationem chemicam ad vincula chemica formanda rumpendaque refert. </p><p>Omnes materiae <a href="/wiki/Antiquitas" title="Antiquitas">antiquitus</a> putabantur ex <a href="/wiki/Elementum" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementum">elementis</a> <a href="/wiki/Quattuor" title="Quattuor">quattuor</a> provenire, nempe ex <a href="/wiki/Ignis" title="Ignis">igne</a>, terra, <a href="/wiki/Aqua" title="Aqua">aqua</a>, <a href="/wiki/A%C3%ABr" title="Aër">aëre</a>. Eruditi aetatis antiquae investigabant, quo modo elementa solvi et coagulari possent, ut novae substantiae <a href="/wiki/Medicina" title="Medicina">medicinaeque</a> crearentur. Investigationes chemicae ab <a href="/wiki/Arabia" title="Arabia">Arabibus</a> <a href="/wiki/Medium_aevum" title="Medium aevum">medio aevo</a> continuabantur, quorum <a href="/wiki/Disciplina" class="mw-redirect" title="Disciplina">disciplina</a> <a href="/wiki/Alchemia" title="Alchemia">alchemia</a> appellabatur. Chemia hodierna ex <a href="/wiki/Alchemia" title="Alchemia">alchemia</a> <a href="/wiki/Medium_aevum" title="Medium aevum">medii aevi</a> orta est. </p><p>Hodie scimus <a href="/wiki/Materia_(physica)" title="Materia (physica)">materiam</a> ex <a href="/wiki/Elementum_chemicum" title="Elementum chemicum">elementis</a> fere 114 provenire, inter quae <a href="/wiki/Hydrogenium" title="Hydrogenium">hydrogenium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">lithium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbonium" title="Carbonium">carbonium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxygenium" title="Oxygenium">oxygenium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aurum" title="Aurum">aurum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plumbum" title="Plumbum">plumbum</a>, et alia elementa omnibus notissima. <a href="/wiki/Systema_periodicum" title="Systema periodicum">Systema periodicum</a> omnium elementorum ordo est. In hoc systemate, nomina elementorum chemicorum saepe e <a href="/wiki/Lingua_Latina" title="Lingua Latina">lingua Latina</a> derivata sunt. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disciplinae">Disciplinae</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Recensere partem: Disciplinae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Disciplinae"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chemiae sunt diversae disciplinae: </p> <div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ars_chemica" title="Ars chemica">Ars chemica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astrochemia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astrochemia (non est haec pagina)">Astrochemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biochemia" title="Biochemia">Biochemia</a> sive <i>chemia rerum viventium</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemia_organica" title="Chemia organica">Chemia organica</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia_polymerica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemia polymerica (non est haec pagina)">Chemia polymerica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemia_inorganica" title="Chemia inorganica">Chemia inorganica</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia_status_solidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemia status solidi (non est haec pagina)">Chemia status solidi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemia_organometallica" title="Chemia organometallica">Chemia organometallica</a> sive Organica-inorganica</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemia_physica" title="Chemia physica">Chemia physica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemia_theoretica" title="Chemia theoretica">Chemia theoretica</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia_computatoria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemia computatoria (non est haec pagina)">Chemia computatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia_mathematica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemia mathematica (non est haec pagina)">Chemia mathematica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemica_quantica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chemica quantica (non est haec pagina)">Chemica quantica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemia_analytica" title="Chemia analytica">Chemia analytica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrochemia" title="Electrochemia">Electrochemia</a></li></ul> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Emission_spectrum-Fe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Emission_spectrum-Fe.png" decoding="async" width="757" height="99" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="99" /></a><figcaption>Emissionis spectrum <a href="/wiki/Ferrum" title="Ferrum">ferri</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Distillation_by_Retort.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Distillation_by_Retort.png/180px-Distillation_by_Retort.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Distillation_by_Retort.png/270px-Distillation_by_Retort.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Distillation_by_Retort.png/360px-Distillation_by_Retort.png 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="342" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Condensatrum" title="Condensatrum">Condensatrum</a> primitivum utile ad <a href="/wiki/Liquor" class="mw-disambig" title="Liquor">liquores</a> purificandos.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Chemia_organica" title="Chemia organica">Chemia organica</a> de moleculis e <a href="/wiki/Carbonium" title="Carbonium">carbonio</a> factis tractat; in composito organico est vinculum inter atomos carbonii, <a href="/wiki/Hydrogenium" title="Hydrogenium">hydrogeni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxygenium" title="Oxygenium">oxygenii</a>. Talia composita organica dicuntur, quod omnia quae vivunt ex eis facta sunt. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chemia_inorganica" title="Chemia inorganica">Chemia inorganica</a> de aliis compositis tractat, hoc est, de moleculis sine carbonio, ut metallis. </p><p>Sunt autem composita chemica in quibus sunt vincula inter atomos carbonii atomosque <a href="/wiki/Metallum" title="Metallum">metallicos</a>; <a href="/wiki/Chemia_organometallica" title="Chemia organometallica">chemia organometallica</a> de talibus materiis tractat. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Chemia_physica" title="Chemia physica">chemia physica</a> describuntur fundamenta <a href="/wiki/Physica" title="Physica">physica</a> systematum chemicorum. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chemia_theoretica" title="Chemia theoretica">Chemia theoretica</a> <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">rationibus</a> et organis <a href="/wiki/Mathematica" title="Mathematica">mathematicae</a> et <a href="/wiki/Physica" title="Physica">physicae</a> utitur ad reactiones chemicas explanandas. </p><p>Partes et compositiones materiarum sunt labores <a href="/wiki/Chemia_analytica" title="Chemia analytica">chemiae analyticae</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Biochemia" title="Biochemia">Biochemia</a> est studium reactionum chemicarum in <a href="/wiki/Cellula" title="Cellula">cellulis</a> <a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">animalium</a> et <a href="/wiki/Planta" class="mw-redirect" title="Planta">plantarum</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemici_clari">Chemici clari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Recensere partem: Chemici clari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Chemici clari"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hi viri feminaeque <a href="/wiki/Chemicus" title="Chemicus">chemici</a> sunt aut fuerunt. Inter hos sunt plures laureati <a href="/wiki/Praemium_Nobelianum_Chemiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Praemium Nobelianum Chemiae">Praemii Nobeliani Chemiae</a>. </p> <div class="div-col columns column-count column-count-3" style="-moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-count: 3;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulus_Delos_Boyer" title="Paulus Delos Boyer">Paulus Delos Boyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Butlerov" title="Alexander Butlerov">Alexander Butlerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Curie" title="Maria Curie">Maria Curie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democritus" title="Democritus">Democritus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimirus_Fock" title="Vladimirus Fock">Vladimirus Fock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richardus_Heck" class="mw-redirect" title="Richardus Heck">Richardus Heck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robertus_Huber" title="Robertus Huber">Robertus Huber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonius_Laurentius_Lavoisier" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonius Laurentius Lavoisier">Antonius Laurentius Lavoisier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lomonosov" title="Michael Lomonosov">Michael Lomonosov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_Mendeleev" title="Demetrius Mendeleev">Demetrius Mendeleev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ei-ichi_Negishi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ei-ichi Negishi">Ei-ichi Negishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredus_Nobel" title="Alfredus Nobel">Alfredus Nobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernestus_Rutherford" title="Ernestus Rutherford">Ernestus Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Suzuki" title="Akira Suzuki">Akira Suzuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fridericus_W%C3%B6hler" title="Fridericus Wöhler">Fridericus Wöhler</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_interni">Nexus interni</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammoniacum" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammoniacum">Ammoniacum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydroxydatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydroxydatum (non est haec pagina)">Hydroxydatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymerum" title="Polymerum">Polymerum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praemium_Nobelianum_chemiae" title="Praemium Nobelianum chemiae">Praemium Nobelianum chemiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systema_periodicum" title="Systema periodicum">Systema periodicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unio_internationalis_chemiae_purae_applicatae" title="Unio internationalis chemiae purae applicatae">Unio internationalis chemiae purae applicatae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicipaedia:Glossarium_chemicum" title="Vicipaedia:Glossarium chemicum">Vicipaedia:Glossarium chemicum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinculum_chemicum" title="Vinculum chemicum">Vinculum chemicum</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliographia">Bibliographia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Recensere partem: Bibliographia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliographia"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libri_populares">Libri populares</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Recensere partem: Libri populares" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Libri populares"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>André, Gilles, Valérie Dartiailh, Frédérique Maksud, Sophie Pak-Blanes, et Josette Fournier. <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a>. <i>Ecolo Chimie, chimie appliquée à l’environnement.</i> Namnetica civitas: Association Cultures et Techniques. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9782950244444" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-2-9502444-4-4</a>/</li> <li>Atkins, P. W. <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>. <i>Galileo's Finger: The Ten Great Ideas of Science</i> Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0198609418" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-860941-8</a>.</li> <li>Atkins, P. W. <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>. <i>Atkins' Molecules.</i> Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0521823978" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-82397-8</a>.</li> <li>Capon, Mady, Véronique Courilleau-Haverlant, Cécile Valette, <a href="/wiki/1993" title="1993">1993</a>. <i>Chimie des couleurs et des odeurs.</i> Namnetica civitas: Association Cultures et Techniques. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9782950244420" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-2-9502444-2-0</a>.</li> <li>Crouzet-Deprost, Dominique, Karine Déprés-Homo, Sophie Sadou, et Josette Fournier. <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>. <i>Chimie dans la maison.</i> Namnetica civitas: Association Cultures et Techniques. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/2951016824" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 2-95101 68-2-4</a>.</li> <li>Haurat-Bentolila, Sylvie, Emmanuelle Lecorgne, Olivier Leduc. <a href="/wiki/1995" title="1995">1995</a>. <i>Chimie-Tout: expériences commentées.</i> Namnetica civitas: Association Cultures et Techniques. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9782950244468" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-2-9502444-6-8</a>.</li> <li>Hussey, Matt. <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>. <i>Nod don Eolach: Gasaitéar Eolaíochta.</i> Eblanae: An Gúm. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/1857911032" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-85791-103-2</a>.</li> <li>Miller, Steve. <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a>. <i>The Chemical Cosmos: A Guided Tour.</i> Novi Eboraci: Springer. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781441984432" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4419-8443-2</a>.</li> <li>Kranz, Joachim, Manfred Kuballa. <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>. <i>Chemie im Alltag.</i> Berolini. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/3589216921" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-589-21692-1</a>.</li> <li>Stwertka, Albert. <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a>. <i>A Guide to the Elements,</i> editio tertia. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780199832521" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-983252-1</a>.</li> <li>Terrien, Marie, Josette Fournier. <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a>. <i>Chimie du petit déjeuner.</i> Namnetica civitas: Association Cultures et Techniques. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9782951016859" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-2-9510168-5-9</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historia_chemiae">Historia chemiae</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Recensere partem: Historia chemiae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Historia chemiae"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Aftalion, Fred. <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a>. <i>Histoire de la chimie.</i> Lutetiae: Masson. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9782225814204" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-2-225-81420-4</a>.</li> <li>Califano, Salvatore. <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a>. <i>Storia della chimica.</i> Torino: Bollati Boringhieri. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9788833921570" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-88-339-2157-0</a>.</li> <li>Elmir, François. <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>. <i>La chimie: son passé, son présent et son avenir.</i> Lutetiae: Siress. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9782952058858" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-2-9520588-5-8</a>.</li> <li>Gavroglu, Kostas, et Ana Simöes. <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a>. <i>Neither Physics nor Chemistry: A History of Quantum Chemistry.</i> Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: MIT Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780262016186" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-262-01618-6</a>.</li> <li>Greenberg, Arthur. <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>. <i>A Chemical History Tour: Picturing Chemistry from Alchemy to Modern Molecular Science.</i> Novi Eboraci: Wiley. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0471354082" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-471-35408-2</a>.</li> <li>Morris, Richard. <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>. <i>The Last Sorcerers: The Path from Alchemy to the Periodic Table.</i> Vasingtoniae: Joseph Henry Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0309089050" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-309-08905-0</a>.</li> <li>Solov'ev, I. J. <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a>. <i>L'Evoluzione del pensiero chimico: Dal '600 ai giorni nostri.</i> Mondadori.</li> <li>Volke, Klaus. <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a>. <i>Chemie im Altertum: unter besonderer Berücksichtigung Mesopotamiens und der Mittelmeerländer.</i> Freiberg: TU Bergakademie Freiberg. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9783860123768" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-86012-376-8</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libri_scholastici,_inferiores"><span id="Libri_scholastici.2C_inferiores"></span>Libri scholastici, inferiores</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Recensere partem: Libri scholastici, inferiores" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Libri scholastici, inferiores"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Atkins, P. W., Overton, T., Rourke, J., Weller, M. et Armstrong, F. <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> <i>Shriver and Atkins: Inorganic Chemistry,</i> editio quarta. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780199264636" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-926463-6</a>.</li> <li>Chang, Raymond. <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a>. <i>Chemistry,</i> editio sexta. Bostoniae: James M. Smith, 1998. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0071152210" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-07-115221-0</a>.</li> <li>Clayden, Jonathan, Greeves, Nick, Warren, Stuart, et Wothers, Peter <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>. <i>Organic Chemistry.</i> Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780198503460" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-850346-0</a>.</li> <li>Malone, Leo J. <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. <i>Basic Concepts of Chemistry.</i> Novi Eboraci: Wiley. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780471215226" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-471-21522-6</a>.</li> <li>Stephenson, G. <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a>. <i>Mathematical Methods for Science Students.</i> Radinga: Addison Wesley Longman. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0582444160" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-582-44416-0</a>.</li> <li>Voet, Donald, et Judith Voet. <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a> <i>Biochemistry,</i> editio quarta. Novi Eboraci: Wiley. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780470570951" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-470-57095-1</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Libri_scholastici,_superiores"><span id="Libri_scholastici.2C_superiores"></span>Libri scholastici, superiores</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Recensere partem: Libri scholastici, superiores" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Libri scholastici, superiores"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Atkins, P. W., et Julio de Paula. <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a>. <i>Physical Chemistry,</i> editio nona. Novi Eboraci: W. H. Freeman. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781429218122" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4292-1812-2</a>.</li> <li>Atkins, P. W., et Ronald Friedman. <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a>. <i>Molecular Quantum Mechanics,</i> editio quinta. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780199541423" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-954142-3</a>.</li> <li>Berg, Jeremy Mark. <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a>. <i>Biochemistry,</i> editio septima. Novi Eboraci: W. H. Freeman. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9781429229364" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4292-2936-4</a>.</li> <li>Brown, William Henry. <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a>. <i>Introduction to Organic Chemistry,</i> editio quarta. Hoboken: Wiley. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780470129234" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-470-12923-4</a>.</li> <li>McWeeny, Roy, et C. A. Coulson. <a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a>. <i>Coulson's Valence.</i> Oxoniae: Oxford Science Publications. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0198551444" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-855144-4</a>.</li> <li>Pauling, Linus. <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a>. <i>The Nature of the Chemical Bond and the Structure of Molecules and Crystals.</i> Ithacae: Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0801403332" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8014-0333-2</a>.</li> <li>Pauling, Linus, et E. Bright Wilson, Jr. <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>. <i>Introduction to Quantum Mechanics with Applications to Chemistry,</i> reeditio 1985. Novo Eboraco: Dover Publications. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0486648710" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-486-64871-0</a></li> <li>Smart, Leslie E., et Elaine A. Moore. <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>. <i>Solid State Chemistry: An Introduction.</i> Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall. <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/0412400405" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-412-40040-5</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nexus_externus">Nexus externus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Recensere partem: Nexus externus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Nexus externus"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pagina_prima" class="extiw" title="commons:Pagina prima">Vicimedia Communia</a></b> plura habent quae ad <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemistry" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chemistry">chemiam</a></b> spectant. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr valign="middle"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fasciculus:Wikiversity-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/16px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/24px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikiversity-logo.svg/32px-Wikiversity-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><b><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:">Viciversitas</a> (Anglica)</b> libros habet qui de <b><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/School:Chemistry" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:School:Chemistry">chemia</a></b> tractant. </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.de/books?id=3NE-AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA232&lpg=PA232&dq=%22est+corporatio%22&source=bl&ots=jsuJkGzdF9&sig=y5cFx0wH5gtWk5TUezIzHnzjXiQ&hl=de&ei=cxQjTd7cLsK08QPPp_i9BQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CDQQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=%22est%20corporatio%22&f=false">Bibliotheca chemico curiosa: seu rerum ad alchemiam pertinentium ..., Band 2 Von Jean-Jacques Manget</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acs.org">Societas</a> chemica Americana.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rcs.org">Societas</a> chemica regia Britanniarum Regni.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csj.jp">Societas</a> chemica Iaponiae.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euchems.org">Societas</a> Europaeana pro scientiis chemicis et molecularibus.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jcdverha.home.xs4all.nl/scijokes/3.html">Ioci</a> ad chemiam pertinentes, apud "Science Jokes" (Anglice).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notae">Notae</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Recensere partem: Notae" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chemia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Notae"><span>fontem recensere</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Castelli1713-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Castelli1713_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Castelli1713_1-1">1.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Castelli1713_1-2">1.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Castelli, B. & Bruno, J.P (1713). <i>Lexicon medicum Graeco-Latinum.</i> Leipzig: F. Thomas</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brown2018-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-brown2018_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Brown, Theodore L.; LeMay, Jr., H. Eugene; Bursten, Bruce E.; Murphey, Catherine J.; Woodward, Patrick M.; Stoltzfus, Matthew W.; Lufaso, Michael W. (<a href="/wiki/2018" title="2018">2018</a>). "Introduction: Matter, energy, and measurement". <i>Chemistry: The Central Science</i> (quarto decimo ed.). Novi Eboraci: Pearson. pp. 46–85. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Specialis:Librorum_fontes/9780134414232" title="Specialis:Librorum fontes/9780134414232">9780134414232</a><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-definition-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-definition_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemweb.ucc.ie/what_is_chemistry.htm">"What is Chemistry?"</a>. Chemweb.ucc.ie<span style="display: none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chemistry"><i>Definition of CHEMISTRY</i></a>. . <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Chemistry"><i>Definition of chemistry | Dictionary.com</i></a>. . <i>www.dictionary.com</i><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/everywhere.html"><i>Chemistry Is Everywhere</i></a>. . <i>American Chemical Society</i><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <table border="0" id="toc" style="margin:auto; float:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" style="background:#efefef;"><b><a href="/wiki/Systema_Periodicum" class="mw-redirect" title="Systema Periodicum">Systema Periodicum</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <table style="font-size:small" id="toc"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#a0ffa0;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogenium" title="Hydrogenium">H</a> </td> <td colspan="17"><br /> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#c0ffff;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff6666;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">Li</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdead;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="11"><br /> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccc99;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Borium" title="Borium">B</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#a0ffa0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Carbonium" title="Carbonium">C</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#a0ffa0;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogenium" title="Nitrogenium">N</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#a0ffa0;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Oxygenium" title="Oxygenium">O</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffff99;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Fluorum" title="Fluorum">F</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#c0ffff;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff6666;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdead;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="11"><br /> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccc99;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium">Si</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#a0ffa0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">P</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#a0ffa0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur">S</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffff99;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Chlorum" title="Chlorum">Cl</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#c0ffff;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff6666;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdead;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Ca</a> </td> <td><br /> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium">Sc</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Ti</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">Cr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Manganum" title="Manganum">Mn</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Ferrum" title="Ferrum">Fe</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Cobaltum" title="Cobaltum">Co</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Niccolum" title="Niccolum">Ni</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Cuprum" title="Cuprum">Cu</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Zincum" title="Zincum">Zn</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccc99;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccc99;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Arrenicum" class="mw-redirect" title="Arrenicum">As</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#a0ffa0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Se</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffff99;color:green;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Bromum" class="mw-redirect" title="Bromum">Br</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#c0ffff;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Crypton" class="mw-redirect" title="Crypton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff6666;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdead;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">Sr</a> </td> <td><br /> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">Y</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" title="Zirconium">Zr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">Mo</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" title="Technetium">Tc</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium">Ru</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" title="Rhodium">Rh</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Argentum" title="Argentum">Ag</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Stannum" title="Stannum">Sn</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccc99;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Stibium" title="Stibium">Sb</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccc99;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" title="Tellurium">Te</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffff99;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Iodum" title="Iodum">I</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#c0ffff;color:red;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff6666;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" title="Caesium">Cs</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdead;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Barium_(elementum)" title="Barium (elementum)">Ba</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;">* </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" title="Lutetium">Lu</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Ta</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Wolframium" title="Wolframium">W</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium">Re</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">Pt</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Aurum" title="Aurum">Au</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:green;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Hydrargyrum" title="Hydrargyrum">Hg</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Tl</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Plumbum" title="Plumbum">Pb</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Bisemutum" title="Bisemutum">Bi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccc99;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffff99;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Astatum" class="mw-redirect" title="Astatum">At</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#c0ffff;color:red;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff6666;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Francium" title="Francium">Fr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffdead;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;">**<br /> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium">Lr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hs</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffc0c0;color:green;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">Cn</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium">Mc</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#cccccc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#fcfecc;color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" title="Tennessine">Ts</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ecfefc;color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="21"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:right">* </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" title="Lanthanum">La</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" title="Cerium">Ce</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" title="Praseodymium">Pr</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" title="Neodymium">Nd</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" title="Promethium">Pm</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" title="Thulium">Tm</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ffbfff;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">Yb</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:right">** </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium">Ac</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">Th</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" title="Protactinium">Pa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">U</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dashed black;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px solid black;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Americium" title="Americium">Am</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">Cm</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Californium" title="Californium">Cf</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;background-color:#ff99cc;color:black;border:1px dotted black;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3854889">.mw-parser-output div.capsanav{margin:1.5em auto;border:1px solid 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