CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Computer monitor - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2b67eeee-9b32-49b7-8380-47e6732b615e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Computer_monitor","wgTitle":"Computer monitor","wgCurRevisionId":1254128334,"wgRevisionId":1254128334,"wgArticleId":7677,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from August 2024","Articles needing additional references from December 2020","All articles needing additional references","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021","Articles containing German-language text","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Computer monitors","American inventions", "Computer peripherals","Electronic display devices"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Computer_monitor","wgRelevantArticleId":7677,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q5290","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MonitorLCDlcd.svg/1200px-MonitorLCDlcd.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1070"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MonitorLCDlcd.svg/800px-MonitorLCDlcd.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="713"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MonitorLCDlcd.svg/640px-MonitorLCDlcd.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="570"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Computer monitor - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_monitor"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_monitor"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Computer_monitor rootpage-Computer_monitor skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Computer+monitor" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Computer+monitor" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Computer+monitor" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Computer+monitor" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technologies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technologies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Technologies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Technologies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Technologies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Technologies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cathode-ray_tube" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cathode-ray_tube"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cathode-ray tube</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cathode-ray_tube-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liquid-crystal_display" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liquid-crystal_display"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Liquid-crystal display</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liquid-crystal_display-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organic_light-emitting_diode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organic_light-emitting_diode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Organic light-emitting diode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organic_light-emitting_diode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Measurements_of_performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Measurements_of_performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Measurements of performance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Measurements_of_performance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Measurements of performance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Measurements_of_performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Size" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Size"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Size</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Size-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aspect_ratio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aspect_ratio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Aspect ratio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aspect_ratio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Resolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gamut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gamut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Gamut</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gamut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Additional_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Additional features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Additional_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Additional features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Additional_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Universal_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universal_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Universal features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universal_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Consumer_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consumer_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Consumer features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consumer_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Professional_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Professional features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mounting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mounting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Mounting</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mounting-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mounting subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mounting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Desktop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desktop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Desktop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desktop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-VESA_mount" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#VESA_mount"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>VESA mount</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-VESA_mount-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rack_mount" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rack_mount"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Rack mount</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rack_mount-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Panel_mount" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Panel_mount"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Panel mount</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Panel_mount-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open_frame" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open_frame"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Open frame</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open_frame-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security_vulnerabilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_vulnerabilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Security vulnerabilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_vulnerabilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Computer monitor</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 99 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-99" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">99 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9E%E1%8A%92%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD" title="ሞኒተር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሞኒተር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8" title="شاشة حاسوب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شاشة حاسوب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_d%27ordenador" title="Monitor d'ordenador – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Monitor d'ordenador" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komp%C3%BCter_monitoru" title="Kompüter monitoru – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kompüter monitoru" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%B0" title="কম্পিউটার মনিটর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কম্পিউটার মনিটর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-n%C3%A1u_%C3%AAng-b%C5%8D%CD%98" title="Tiān-náu êng-bō͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-náu êng-bō͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0)" title="Манітор (прылада) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Манітор (прылада)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Манітор – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Манітор" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Монитор – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Монитор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunarski_monitor" title="Računarski monitor – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Računarski monitor" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unvez_gwerea%C3%B1" title="Unvez gwereañ – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Unvez gwereañ" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_d%27ordinador" title="Monitor d'ordinador – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Monitor d'ordinador" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_(obrazovka)" title="Monitor (obrazovka) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Monitor (obrazovka)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computermonitor" title="Computermonitor – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Computermonitor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arvutikuvar" title="Arvutikuvar – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arvutikuvar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B8%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE" title="Οθόνη υπολογιστή – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οθόνη υπολογιστή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_de_computadora" title="Monitor de computadora – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monitor de computadora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komputila_ekrano" title="Komputila ekrano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komputila ekrano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantaila_(ordenagailua)" title="Pantaila (ordenagailua) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pantaila (ordenagailua)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="نمایشگر رایانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نمایشگر رایانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89cran_d%27ordinateur" title="Écran d'ordinateur – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Écran d'ordinateur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monat%C3%B3ir_(r%C3%ADomhaireacht)" title="Monatóir (ríomhaireacht) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Monatóir (ríomhaireacht)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0_%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0" title="કમ્પ્યુટર મોનિટર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કમ્પ્યુટર મોનિટર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%93%A8%ED%84%B0_%EB%AA%A8%EB%8B%88%ED%84%B0" title="컴퓨터 모니터 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="컴퓨터 모니터" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Մոնիտոր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոնիտոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0" title="कम्प्यूटर मॉनीटर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कम्प्यूटर मॉनीटर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalni_monitor" title="Računalni monitor – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Računalni monitor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_komputer" title="Monitor komputer – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Monitor komputer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_de_computator" title="Monitor de computator – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Monitor de computator" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iselusi_sesiCikizi" title="Iselusi sesiCikizi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Iselusi sesiCikizi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6lvuskj%C3%A1r" title="Tölvuskjár – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tölvuskjár" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_(computer)" title="Monitor (computer) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monitor (computer)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%92" title="צג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor" title="Monitor – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Monitor" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="მონიტორი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მონიტორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Монитор – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Монитор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrini" title="Skrini – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Skrini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Монитор – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Монитор" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AEmender" title="Dîmender – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dîmender" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Монитор – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Монитор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%9C%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%88%E0%BB%8D" title="ໜ້າຈໍ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໜ້າຈໍ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitrum" title="Monitrum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Monitrum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitors" title="Monitors – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Monitors" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerbildschierm" title="Computerbildschierm – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Computerbildschierm" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitorius" title="Monitorius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Monitorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Em%C9%94%CC%81nisi" title="Emɔ́nisi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Emɔ́nisi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor" title="Monitor – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Monitor" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor" title="Monitor – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Monitor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Монитор – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Монитор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikandra" title="Fikandra – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fikandra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC" title="കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ മോണിറ്റർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ മോണിറ്റർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="მონიტორი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მონიტორი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_komputer" title="Monitor komputer – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Monitor komputer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%86" title="Компьютерын дэлгэц – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Компьютерын дэлгэц" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerbeeldscherm" title="Computerbeeldscherm – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Computerbeeldscherm" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0" title="कम्प्युटर मनिटर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कम्प्युटर मनिटर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%A4_(%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF)" title="ディスプレイ (コンピュータ) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ディスプレイ (コンピュータ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skjerm_(monitor)" title="Skjerm (monitor) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Skjerm (monitor)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataskjerm" title="Dataskjerm – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dataskjerm" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Монитор – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Монитор" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B0" title="କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ମନିଟର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କମ୍ପ୍ୟୁଟର ମନିଟର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕੰਪਿਊਟਰ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੰਪਿਊਟਰ ਮਾਨੀਟਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BB%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A" title="ម៉ូនីទ័រកុំព្យូទ័រ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ម៉ូនីទ័រកុំព្យូទ័រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_komputera" title="Monitor komputera – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monitor komputera" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_de_computador" title="Monitor de computador – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Monitor de computador" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor" title="Monitor – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Monitor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anta%C3%B1iqichaq_qhawanapampa" title="Antañiqichaq qhawanapampa – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Antañiqichaq qhawanapampa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Монитор (устройство) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Монитор (устройство)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8_%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱭᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱴᱚᱨ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱭᱩᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱴᱚᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schermu_de_elaboradori" title="Schermu de elaboradori – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Schermu de elaboradori" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitori_i_kompjuterit" title="Monitori i kompjuterit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Monitori i kompjuterit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="පරිගණක මොනිටරය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පරිගණක මොනිටරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_monitor" title="Computer monitor – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Computer monitor" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_(displej)" title="Monitor (displej) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Monitor (displej)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor" title="Monitor – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Monitor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8A" title="Мониторъ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Мониторъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Рачунарски монитор – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рачунарски монитор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompjuterski_monitor" title="Kompjuterski monitor – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kompjuterski monitor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_komputer" title="Monitor komputer – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Monitor komputer" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tietokonen%C3%A4ytt%C3%B6" title="Tietokonenäyttö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tietokonenäyttö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datorsk%C3%A4rm" title="Datorskärm – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Datorskärm" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor_ng_kompyuter" title="Monitor ng kompyuter – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Monitor ng kompyuter" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88" title="கணினித் திரை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கணினித் திரை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="కంప్యూటర్ మానిటర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కంప్యూటర్ మానిటర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E" title="จอภาพ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จอภาพ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Намоишгари роёна – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Намоишгари роёна" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgisayar_monit%C3%B6r%C3%BC" title="Bilgisayar monitörü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilgisayar monitörü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Монітор – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Монітор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9%D8%B1_%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="کمپیوٹر سکرین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کمپیوٹر سکرین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor" title="Monitor – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Monitor" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0n_h%C3%ACnh_m%C3%A1y_t%C3%ADnh" title="Màn hình máy tính – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Màn hình máy tính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waitro%C3%BBle_(%C3%A9ndjolike)" title="Waitroûle (éndjolike) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Waitroûle (éndjolike)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anajia" title="Anajia – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Anajia" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8D%A7%E5%85%89%E5%B1%8F" title="荧光屏 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="荧光屏" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9F" title="עקראן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עקראן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E7%86%92%E5%85%89%E5%B9%95" title="電腦熒光幕 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電腦熒光幕" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monitor" title="Monitor – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Monitor" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA%E5%99%A8" title="计算机显示器 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="计算机显示器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layar_kumputer" title="Layar kumputer – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Layar kumputer" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5290#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Computer_monitor" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Computer_monitor" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Computer_monitor"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Computer_monitor"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Computer_monitor" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Computer_monitor" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&oldid=1254128334" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Computer_monitor&id=1254128334&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FComputer_monitor"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FComputer_monitor"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Computer_monitor&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Computer_display" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5290" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Computer output device</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">Computer terminal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Monitor_(synchronization)" title="Monitor (synchronization)">Monitor (synchronization)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MonitorLCDlcd.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MonitorLCDlcd.svg/220px-MonitorLCDlcd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MonitorLCDlcd.svg/330px-MonitorLCDlcd.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/MonitorLCDlcd.svg/440px-MonitorLCDlcd.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1242" data-file-height="1107" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Flat-panel_display" title="Flat-panel display">flat-panel display</a> (FPD) computer monitor</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Apple_AudioVision_14_Display.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Apple_AudioVision_14_Display.png/220px-Apple_AudioVision_14_Display.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Apple_AudioVision_14_Display.png/330px-Apple_AudioVision_14_Display.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Apple_AudioVision_14_Display.png/440px-Apple_AudioVision_14_Display.png 2x" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Cathode-ray_tube" title="Cathode-ray tube">cathode-ray tube</a> (CRT) computer monitor</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>computer monitor</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Output_device" title="Output device">output device</a> that displays information in pictorial or textual form. A discrete monitor comprises a <a href="/wiki/Electronic_visual_display" title="Electronic visual display">visual display</a>, support electronics, power supply, <a href="/wiki/Housing_(engineering)" title="Housing (engineering)">housing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electrical_connector" title="Electrical connector">electrical connectors</a>, and external user controls. </p><p>The display in modern monitors is typically an <a href="/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display" title="Liquid-crystal display">LCD</a> with <a href="/wiki/LED-backlit_LCD" title="LED-backlit LCD">LED backlight</a>, having by the 2010s replaced <a href="/wiki/Cold-cathode_fluorescent_lamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold-cathode fluorescent lamp">CCFL</a> <a href="/wiki/Backlight" title="Backlight">backlit</a> LCDs. Before the mid-2000s, most monitors used a <a href="/wiki/Cathode-ray_tube" title="Cathode-ray tube">cathode-ray tube (CRT)</a> as the image output technology.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A monitor is typically connected to its host computer via <a href="/wiki/DisplayPort" title="DisplayPort">DisplayPort</a>, <a href="/wiki/HDMI" title="HDMI">HDMI</a>, <a href="/wiki/USB-C" title="USB-C">USB-C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Visual_Interface" title="Digital Visual Interface">DVI</a>, or <a href="/wiki/VGA_connector" title="VGA connector">VGA</a>. Monitors sometimes use other proprietary connectors and signals to connect to a computer, which is less common. </p><p>Originally computer monitors were used for <a href="/wiki/Data_processing" title="Data processing">data processing</a> while <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">television sets</a> were used for video. From the 1980s onward, computers (and their monitors) have been used for both data processing and video, while <a href="/wiki/Television_set" title="Television set">televisions</a> have implemented some computer functionality. In the 2000s, the typical <a href="/wiki/Display_aspect_ratio" title="Display aspect ratio">display aspect ratio</a> of both televisions and computer monitors changed from 4:3 to 16:9.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern computer monitors are often functionally interchangeable with television sets and vice versa. As most computer monitors do not include integrated <a href="/wiki/Computer_speakers" title="Computer speakers">speakers</a>, <a href="/wiki/TV_tuner" class="mw-redirect" title="TV tuner">TV tuners</a>, or remote controls, external components such as a <a href="/wiki/Digital_television_adapter" title="Digital television adapter">DTA box</a> may be needed to use a computer monitor as a TV set.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Early electronic computer <a href="/wiki/Front_panel" title="Front panel">front panels</a> were fitted with an array of light bulbs where the state of each particular bulb would indicate the on/off state of a particular register bit inside the computer. This allowed the engineers operating the computer to monitor the internal state of the machine, so this panel of lights came to be known as the 'monitor'. As early monitors were only capable of displaying a very limited amount of information and were very transient, they were rarely considered for program output. Instead, a <a href="/wiki/Line_printer" title="Line printer">line printer</a> was the primary output device, while the monitor was limited to keeping track of the program's operation.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Computer monitors were formerly known as <b>visual display units</b> (<b>VDU</b>), particularly in British English.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This term mostly fell out of use by the 1990s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technologies">Technologies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Technologies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_CRT,_LCD,_plasma,_and_OLED" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED">Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_display_technology" title="History of display technology">History of display technology</a></div> <p>Multiple technologies have been used for computer monitors. Until the 21st century most used cathode-ray tubes but they have largely been superseded by <a href="/wiki/LCD_monitors" class="mw-redirect" title="LCD monitors">LCD monitors</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cathode-ray_tube">Cathode-ray tube</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cathode-ray tube"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cathode-ray_tube" title="Cathode-ray tube">Cathode-ray tube</a></div> <p>The first computer monitors used cathode-ray tubes (CRTs). Prior to the advent of <a href="/wiki/Home_computer" title="Home computer">home computers</a> in the late 1970s, it was common for a <a href="/wiki/Video_display_terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Video display terminal">video display terminal</a> (VDT) using a CRT to be physically integrated with a keyboard and other components of the workstation in a single large <a href="/wiki/Chassis" title="Chassis">chassis</a>, typically limiting them to emulation of a paper <a href="/wiki/Teleprinter" title="Teleprinter">teletypewriter</a>, thus the early epithet of 'glass TTY'. The display was <a href="/wiki/Monochrome_monitor" title="Monochrome monitor">monochromatic</a> and far less sharp and detailed than on a modern monitor, necessitating the use of relatively large text and severely limiting the amount of information that could be displayed at one time. High-resolution CRT displays were developed for specialized military, industrial and scientific applications but they were far too costly for general use; wider commercial use became possible after the release of a slow, but affordable <a href="/wiki/Tektronix_4010" title="Tektronix 4010">Tektronix 4010</a> terminal in 1972. </p><p>Some of the earliest home computers (such as the <a href="/wiki/TRS-80" title="TRS-80">TRS-80</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commodore_PET" title="Commodore PET">Commodore PET</a>) were limited to monochrome CRT displays, but color display capability was already a possible feature for a few <a href="/wiki/MOS_Technology_6502" title="MOS Technology 6502">MOS 6500 series</a>-based machines (such as introduced in 1977 <a href="/wiki/Apple_II" title="Apple II">Apple II</a> computer or <a href="/wiki/Atari_2600" title="Atari 2600">Atari 2600</a> console), and the color output was a specialty of the more graphically sophisticated <a href="/wiki/Atari_8-bit_computers" title="Atari 8-bit computers">Atari 8-bit computers</a>, introduced in 1979. Either computer could be connected to the antenna terminals of an ordinary color TV set or used with a purpose-made CRT color monitor for optimum resolution and color quality. Lagging several years behind, in 1981 IBM introduced the <a href="/wiki/Color_Graphics_Adapter" title="Color Graphics Adapter">Color Graphics Adapter</a>, which could display four colors with a resolution of <span class="nowrap">320 × 200</span> pixels, or it could produce <span class="nowrap">640 × 200</span> pixels with two colors. In 1984 IBM introduced the <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter" title="Enhanced Graphics Adapter">Enhanced Graphics Adapter</a> which was capable of producing 16 colors and had a resolution of <span class="nowrap">640 × 350</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the end of the 1980s color <a href="/wiki/Progressive_scan" title="Progressive scan">progressive scan</a> CRT monitors were widely available and increasingly affordable, while the sharpest <a href="/wiki/Prosumer" title="Prosumer">prosumer</a> monitors could clearly display <a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">high-definition video</a>, against the backdrop of efforts at <a href="/wiki/HDTV" class="mw-redirect" title="HDTV">HDTV</a> standardization from the 1970s to the 1980s failing continuously, leaving consumer <a href="/wiki/SDTV" class="mw-redirect" title="SDTV">SDTVs</a> to stagnate increasingly far behind the capabilities of computer CRT monitors well into the 2000s. During the following decade, maximum display resolutions gradually increased and prices continued to fall as CRT technology remained dominant in the <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">PC</a> monitor market into the new millennium, partly because it remained cheaper to produce.<sup id="cite_ref-pctech1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pctech1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CRTs still offer color, grayscale, motion, and latency advantages over today's LCDs, but improvements to the latter have made them much less obvious. The dynamic range of early LCD panels was very poor, and although text and other motionless graphics were sharper than on a CRT, an LCD characteristic known as pixel lag caused moving graphics to appear noticeably smeared and blurry. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liquid-crystal_display">Liquid-crystal display<span class="anchor" id="Liquid_Crystal"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Liquid-crystal display"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display" title="Liquid-crystal display">Liquid-crystal display</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thin-film-transistor_liquid-crystal_display" class="mw-redirect" title="Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display">Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display</a></div> <p>There are multiple technologies that have been used to implement liquid-crystal displays (LCD). Throughout the 1990s, the primary use of LCD technology as computer monitors was in laptops where the lower power consumption, lighter weight, and smaller physical size of LCDs justified the higher price versus a CRT. Commonly, the same laptop would be offered with an assortment of display options at increasing price points: (active or passive) monochrome, passive color, or active matrix color (TFT). As volume and manufacturing capability have improved, the monochrome and passive color technologies were dropped from most product lines. </p><p><a href="/wiki/TFT-LCD" class="mw-redirect" title="TFT-LCD">TFT-LCD</a> is a variant of LCD which is now the dominant technology used for computer monitors.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first standalone LCDs appeared in the mid-1990s selling for high prices. As prices declined they became more popular, and by 1997 were competing with CRT monitors. Among the first desktop LCD computer monitors were the <a href="/wiki/Eizo" title="Eizo">Eizo</a> FlexScan L66 in the mid-1990s, the <a href="/wiki/SGI_1600SW" title="SGI 1600SW">SGI 1600SW</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Studio_Display_(1998%E2%80%932004)" title="Apple Studio Display (1998–2004)">Apple Studio Display</a> and the <a href="/wiki/ViewSonic" title="ViewSonic">ViewSonic</a> VP140<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1998. In 2003, LCDs outsold CRTs for the first time, becoming the primary technology used for computer monitors.<sup id="cite_ref-pctech1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pctech1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The physical advantages of LCD over CRT monitors are that LCDs are lighter, smaller, and consume less power. In terms of performance, LCDs produce less or no flicker, reducing eyestrain,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sharper image at native resolution, and better checkerboard contrast. On the other hand, CRT monitors have superior blacks, viewing angles, and response time, can use arbitrary lower resolutions without aliasing, and flicker can be reduced with higher refresh rates,<sup id="cite_ref-rr_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rr-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though this flicker can also be used to reduce motion blur compared to less flickery displays such as most LCDs.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many specialized fields such as <a href="/wiki/Vision_science" title="Vision science">vision science</a> remain dependent on CRTs, the best LCD monitors having achieved moderate temporal accuracy, and so can be used only if their poor spatial accuracy is unimportant.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/High_dynamic_range" title="High dynamic range">High dynamic range</a> (HDR)<sup id="cite_ref-rr_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rr-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has been implemented into high-end LCD monitors to improve grayscale accuracy. Since around the late 2000s, widescreen LCD monitors have become popular, in part due to television series, <a href="/wiki/Films" class="mw-redirect" title="Films">motion pictures</a> and video games transitioning to widescreen, which makes squarer monitors unsuited to display them correctly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organic_light-emitting_diode">Organic light-emitting diode</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Organic light-emitting diode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Organic_light-emitting_diode" class="mw-redirect" title="Organic light-emitting diode">Organic light-emitting diode</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Organic_light-emitting_diode" class="mw-redirect" title="Organic light-emitting diode">Organic light-emitting diode</a> (OLED) monitors provide most of the benefits of both LCD and CRT monitors with few of their drawbacks, though much like <a href="/wiki/Plasma_display" title="Plasma display">plasma panels</a> or very early CRTs they suffer from <a href="/wiki/Screen_burn-in" title="Screen burn-in">burn-in</a>, and remain very expensive. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Measurements_of_performance">Measurements of performance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Measurements of performance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Computer_monitor" title="Special:EditPage/Computer monitor">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The performance of a monitor is measured by the following parameters: </p> <ul><li>Display geometry: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viewable_image_size" class="mw-redirect" title="Viewable image size">Viewable image size</a> – is usually measured diagonally, but the actual widths and heights are more informative since they are not affected by the aspect ratio in the same way. For CRTs, the viewable size is typically 1 in (25 mm) smaller than the tube itself.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_aspect_ratio" title="Display aspect ratio">Aspect ratio</a> – is the ratio of the horizontal length to the vertical length. Monitors usually have the aspect ratio <a href="/wiki/4:3" class="mw-redirect" title="4:3">4:3</a>, <a href="/wiki/5:4" class="mw-redirect" title="5:4">5:4</a>, <a href="/wiki/16:10" class="mw-redirect" title="16:10">16:10</a> or <a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radius_of_curvature" title="Radius of curvature">Radius of curvature</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Curved_screen" title="Curved screen">curved monitors</a>) – is the radius that a circle would have if it had the same curvature as the display. This value is typically given in millimeters, but expressed with the letter "R" instead of a unit (for example, a display with "3800R curvature" has a 3800<span class="nowrap"> </span>mm radius of curvature.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_resolution" title="Display resolution">Display resolution</a> is the number of distinct pixels in each dimension that can be displayed natively. For a given display size, maximum resolution is limited by dot pitch or DPI. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dot_pitch" title="Dot pitch">Dot pitch</a> represents the distance between the primary elements of the display, typically averaged across it in nonuniform displays. A related unit is pixel pitch, In LCDs, pixel pitch is the distance between the center of two adjacent pixels. In CRTs, pixel pitch is defined as the distance between subpixels of the same color. Dot pitch is the reciprocal of pixel density.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_density" title="Pixel density">Pixel density</a> is a measure of how densely packed the pixels on a display are. In LCDs, pixel density is the number of pixels in one linear unit along the display, typically measured in pixels per inch (px/in or ppi).</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Color characteristics: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luminance" title="Luminance">Luminance</a> – measured in candelas per square meter (cd/m<sup>2</sup>, also called a <i>nit</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrast_ratio" title="Contrast ratio">Contrast ratio</a> is the ratio of the luminosity of the brightest color (white) to that of the darkest color (black) that the monitor is capable of producing simultaneously. For example, a ratio of 20,000∶1 means that the brightest shade (white) is 20,000 times brighter than its darkest shade (black). Dynamic contrast ratio is measured with the LCD backlight turned off. ANSI contrast is with both black and white simultaneously adjacent onscreen.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_depth" title="Color depth">Color depth</a> – measured in bits per primary color or bits for all colors. Those with 10<span class="nowrap"> </span>bpc (bits per channel) or more can display more shades of color (approximately 1 billion shades) than traditional 8<span class="nowrap"> </span>bpc monitors (approximately 16.8 million shades or colors), and can do so more precisely without having to resort to <a href="/wiki/Dithering" class="mw-redirect" title="Dithering">dithering</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamut" title="Gamut">Gamut</a> – measured as coordinates in the <a href="/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space" title="CIE 1931 color space">CIE 1931 color space</a>. The names <a href="/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB">sRGB</a> or <a href="/wiki/Adobe_RGB_color_space" title="Adobe RGB color space">Adobe RGB</a> are shorthand notations.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_difference" title="Color difference">Color accuracy</a> – measured in ΔE (delta-E); the lower the ΔE, the more accurate the color representation. A ΔE of below 1 is imperceptible to the human eye. A ΔE of 2–4 is considered good and requires a sensitive eye to spot the difference.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viewing_angle" title="Viewing angle">Viewing angle</a> is the maximum angle at which images on the monitor can be viewed, without subjectively excessive degradation to the image. It is measured in degrees horizontally and vertically.</li></ul></li> <li>Input speed characteristics: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Refresh_rate" title="Refresh rate">Refresh rate</a> is (in CRTs) the number of times in a second that the display is illuminated (the number of times a second a <a href="/wiki/Raster_scan" title="Raster scan">raster scan</a> is completed). In LCDs it is the number of times the image can be changed per second, expressed in hertz (Hz). Determines the maximum number of frames per second (FPS) a monitor is capable of showing. Maximum refresh rate is limited by response time.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_response_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Pixel response time">Response time</a> is the time a pixel in a monitor takes to change between two shades. The particular shades depend on the test procedure, which differs between manufacturers. In general, lower numbers mean faster transitions and therefore fewer visible image artifacts such as ghosting. Grey to grey (GtG), measured in milliseconds (ms).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_lag" title="Display lag">Input latency</a> is the time it takes for a monitor to display an image after receiving it, typically measured in milliseconds (ms).</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_consumption" class="mw-redirect" title="Power consumption">Power consumption</a> is measured in watts.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Size">Size</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Size"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Display_size" title="Display size">Display size</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Computer_screen_dimensions.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Computer_screen_dimensions.png/260px-Computer_screen_dimensions.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Computer_screen_dimensions.png/390px-Computer_screen_dimensions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Computer_screen_dimensions.png/520px-Computer_screen_dimensions.png 2x" data-file-width="1032" data-file-height="899" /></a><figcaption>The area, height and width of displays with identical diagonal measurements vary dependent on <a href="/wiki/Display_aspect_ratio" title="Display aspect ratio">aspect ratio</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>On two-dimensional <a href="/wiki/Display_device" title="Display device">display devices</a> such as computer monitors the display size or viewable image size is the actual amount of screen space that is available to display a <a href="/wiki/Picture" class="mw-redirect" title="Picture">picture</a>, video or working space, without obstruction from the bezel or other aspects of the unit's design. The main measurements for display devices are width, height, total area and the diagonal. </p><p>The size of a display is usually given by manufacturers diagonally, i.e. as the distance between two opposite screen corners. This method of measurement is inherited from the method used for the first generation of CRT television when picture tubes with circular faces were in common use. Being circular, it was the external diameter of the glass envelope that described their size. Since these circular tubes were used to display rectangular images, the diagonal measurement of the rectangular image was smaller than the diameter of the tube's face (due to the thickness of the glass). This method continued even when cathode-ray tubes were manufactured as rounded rectangles; it had the advantage of being a single number specifying the size and was not confusing when the aspect ratio was universally 4:3. </p><p>With the introduction of flat-panel technology, the diagonal measurement became the actual diagonal of the visible display. This meant that an eighteen-inch LCD had a larger viewable area than an eighteen-inch cathode-ray tube. </p><p>Estimation of monitor size by the distance between opposite corners does not take into account the <a href="/wiki/Display_aspect_ratio" title="Display aspect ratio">display aspect ratio</a>, so that for example a 16:9 21-inch (53 cm) <a href="/wiki/Widescreen" title="Widescreen">widescreen</a> display has less area, than a 21-inch (53 cm) 4:3 screen. The 4:3 screen has dimensions of 16.8 in × 12.6 in (43 cm × 32 cm) and an area 211 sq in (1,360 cm<sup>2</sup>), while the widescreen is 18.3 in × 10.3 in (46 cm × 26 cm), 188 sq in (1,210 cm<sup>2</sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aspect_ratio">Aspect ratio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Aspect ratio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Display_aspect_ratio" title="Display aspect ratio">Display aspect ratio</a></div> <p>Until about 2003, most computer monitors had a <a href="/wiki/4:3" class="mw-redirect" title="4:3">4:3</a> <a href="/wiki/Display_aspect_ratio" title="Display aspect ratio">aspect ratio</a> and some had <a href="/wiki/5:4" class="mw-redirect" title="5:4">5:4</a>. Between 2003 and 2006, monitors with <a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a> and mostly <a href="/wiki/16:10" class="mw-redirect" title="16:10">16:10</a> (8:5) aspect ratios became commonly available, first in laptops and later also in standalone monitors. Reasons for this transition included productive uses (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Field_of_view_in_video_games" title="Field of view in video games">field of view in video games</a> and movie viewing) such as the word processor display of two standard letter pages side by side, as well as CAD displays of large-size drawings and application menus at the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008 16:10 became the most common sold aspect ratio for <a href="/wiki/LCD_monitor" class="mw-redirect" title="LCD monitor">LCD monitors</a> and the same year 16:10 was the mainstream standard for laptops and <a href="/wiki/Notebook_computers" class="mw-redirect" title="Notebook computers">notebook computers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-displaysearch1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-displaysearch1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, the computer industry started to move over from <a href="/wiki/16:10" class="mw-redirect" title="16:10">16:10</a> to <a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a> because 16:9 was chosen to be the standard <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">high-definition television</a> display size, and because they were cheaper to manufacture.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 2011, non-widescreen displays with 4:3 aspect ratios were only being manufactured in small quantities. According to <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>, this was because the "Demand for the old 'Square monitors' has decreased rapidly over the last couple of years," and "I predict that by the end of 2011, production on all 4:3 or similar panels will be halted due to a lack of demand."<sup id="cite_ref-mybroadband1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mybroadband1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resolution">Resolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Resolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Display_resolution" title="Display resolution">Display resolution</a></div> <p>The resolution for computer monitors has increased over time. From <span class="nowrap">280 × 192</span> during the late 1970s, to <span class="nowrap">1024 × 768</span> during the late 1990s. Since 2009, the most commonly sold resolution for computer monitors is <span class="nowrap">1920 × 1080</span>, shared with the <a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p</a> of HDTV.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before 2013 mass market LCD monitors were limited to <span class="nowrap">2560 × 1600</span> at 30 in (76 cm), excluding niche professional monitors. By 2015 most major display manufacturers had released <span class="nowrap">3840 × 2160</span> (<a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K UHD</a>) displays, and the first <span class="nowrap">7680 × 4320</span> (<a href="/wiki/8K_resolution" title="8K resolution">8K</a>) monitors had begun shipping. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gamut">Gamut</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Gamut"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gamut" title="Gamut">Gamut</a></div> <p>Every RGB monitor has its own <a href="/wiki/Color_gamut" class="mw-redirect" title="Color gamut">color gamut</a>, bounded in <a href="/wiki/Chromaticity" title="Chromaticity">chromaticity</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Color_triangle" title="Color triangle">color triangle</a>. Some of these triangles are smaller than the <a href="/wiki/SRGB" title="SRGB">sRGB</a> triangle, some are larger. Colors are typically encoded by 8 bits per primary color. The RGB value [255, 0, 0] represents red, but slightly different colors in different color spaces such as <a href="/wiki/Adobe_RGB_color_space" title="Adobe RGB color space">Adobe RGB</a> and sRGB. Displaying sRGB-encoded data on wide-gamut devices can give an unrealistic result.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gamut is a property of the monitor; the image color space can be forwarded as <a href="/wiki/Exif" title="Exif">Exif</a> metadata in the picture. As long as the monitor gamut is wider than the color space gamut, correct display is possible, if the monitor is calibrated. A picture that uses colors that are outside the sRGB color space will display on an sRGB color space monitor with limitations.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Still today, many monitors that can display the sRGB color space are not factory nor user-calibrated to display it correctly. <a href="/wiki/Color_management" title="Color management">Color management</a> is needed both in <a href="/wiki/Electronic_publishing" title="Electronic publishing">electronic publishing</a> (via the Internet for display in browsers) and in <a href="/wiki/Desktop_publishing" title="Desktop publishing">desktop publishing</a> targeted to print. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_features">Additional features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Additional features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universal_features">Universal features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Universal features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:338px;max-width:338px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:132px;max-width:132px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LG_Flatron_W2486_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/LG_Flatron_W2486_%281%29.jpg/130px-LG_Flatron_W2486_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/LG_Flatron_W2486_%281%29.jpg/195px-LG_Flatron_W2486_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/LG_Flatron_W2486_%281%29.jpg/260px-LG_Flatron_W2486_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="1008" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LG_Flatron_W2420R_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/LG_Flatron_W2420R_%281%29.jpg/200px-LG_Flatron_W2420R_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/LG_Flatron_W2420R_%281%29.jpg/300px-LG_Flatron_W2420R_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/LG_Flatron_W2420R_%281%29.jpg/400px-LG_Flatron_W2420R_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1670" data-file-height="1369" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">LG monitors: consumer-grade (left) and professional-oriented with screen hood and integrated <a href="/wiki/Screen_calibration_tool" class="mw-redirect" title="Screen calibration tool">calibration tool</a></div></div></div></div> <dl><dd><b>Power saving</b></dd></dl> <p>Most modern monitors will switch to a power-saving mode if no video-input signal is received. This allows modern operating systems to turn off a monitor after a specified period of inactivity. This also extends the monitor's service life. Some monitors will also switch themselves off after a time period on standby. </p><p>Most modern laptops provide a method of screen dimming after periods of inactivity or when the battery is in use. This extends battery life and reduces wear. </p> <dl><dd><b>Indicator light</b></dd></dl> <p>Most modern monitors have two different indicator light colors wherein if video-input signal was detected, the indicator light is green and when the monitor is in power-saving mode, the screen is black and the indicator light is orange. Some monitors have different indicator light colors and some monitors have a blinking indicator light when in power-saving mode. </p> <dl><dd><b>Integrated accessories</b></dd></dl> <p>Many monitors have other accessories (or connections for them) integrated. This places <a href="/wiki/Computer_port_(hardware)" title="Computer port (hardware)">standard ports</a> within easy reach and eliminates the need for another separate <a href="/wiki/USB_hub" title="USB hub">hub</a>, <a href="/wiki/Webcam" title="Webcam">camera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">microphone</a>, or set of <a href="/wiki/Computer_speaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer speaker">speakers</a>. These monitors have advanced microprocessors which contain codec information, Windows interface drivers and other small software which help in proper functioning of these functions. </p> <dl><dd><b>Ultrawide screens</b></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/21:9_aspect_ratio" title="21:9 aspect ratio">21:9 aspect ratio</a></div> <p>Monitors that feature an aspect ratio greater than 2:1 (for instance, 21:9 or 32:9, as opposed to the more common 16:9, which resolves to 1.7<span style="text-decoration:overline;">7</span>:1).Monitors with an aspect ratio greater than 3:1 are marketed as super ultrawide monitors. These are typically massive <a href="/wiki/Curved_screen" title="Curved screen">curved screens</a> intended to replace a <a href="/wiki/Multi-monitor" title="Multi-monitor">multi-monitor</a> deployment. </p> <dl><dd><b>Touch screen</b></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">Touchscreen</a></div> <p>These monitors use touching of the screen as an input method. Items can be selected or moved with a finger, and finger gestures may be used to convey commands. The screen will need frequent cleaning due to image degradation from fingerprints. </p> <dl><dd><b>Sensors</b></dd></dl> <ul><li>Ambient light for automatically adjusting screen brightness and/or <a href="/wiki/Color_temperature" title="Color temperature">color temperature</a></li> <li>Infrared camera for <a href="/wiki/Biometrics" title="Biometrics">biometrics</a>, eye and/or face recognition. Eye tracking as user <a href="/wiki/Input_device" title="Input device">input device</a>. As <a href="/wiki/Lidar" title="Lidar">lidar</a> receiver for <a href="/wiki/3D_scanning" title="3D scanning">3D scanning</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consumer_features">Consumer features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Consumer features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b>Glossy screen</b></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Glossy_display" title="Glossy display">Glossy display</a></div> <p>Some displays, especially newer flat-panel monitors, replace the traditional anti-glare matte finish with a glossy one. This increases <a href="/wiki/Color_saturation" class="mw-redirect" title="Color saturation">color saturation</a> and sharpness but reflections from lights and windows are more visible. Anti-reflective coatings are sometimes applied to help reduce reflections, although this only partly mitigates the problem. </p> <dl><dd><b>Curved designs</b></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Curved_screen" title="Curved screen">Curved screen</a></div> <p>Most often using nominally <a href="/wiki/Flat-panel_display" title="Flat-panel display">flat-panel display</a> technology such as LCD or OLED, a concave rather than convex curve is imparted, reducing geometric distortion, especially in extremely large and wide seamless desktop monitors intended for close viewing range. </p> <dl><dd><b>3D</b></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Stereo_display" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereo display">Stereo display</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Active_shutter_3D_system" title="Active shutter 3D system">Active shutter 3D system</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polarized_3D_system" title="Polarized 3D system">Polarized 3D system</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Autostereoscopy" title="Autostereoscopy">Autostereoscopy</a></div> <p>Newer monitors are able to <a href="/wiki/Stereoscopy" title="Stereoscopy">display a different image for each eye</a>, often with the help of special glasses and polarizers, giving the perception of depth. An autostereoscopic screen can generate 3D images without headgear. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_features">Professional features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Professional features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><b>Anti-glare and <a href="/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating" title="Anti-reflective coating">anti-reflection</a> screens</b></dd></dl> <p>Features for medical using or for outdoor placement. </p> <dl><dd><b>Directional screen</b></dd></dl> <p>Narrow viewing angle screens are used in some security-conscious applications. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monitor-Eizo-CG277-BK-27inches-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Monitor-Eizo-CG277-BK-27inches-01.jpg/220px-Monitor-Eizo-CG277-BK-27inches-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Monitor-Eizo-CG277-BK-27inches-01.jpg/330px-Monitor-Eizo-CG277-BK-27inches-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Monitor-Eizo-CG277-BK-27inches-01.jpg/440px-Monitor-Eizo-CG277-BK-27inches-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4230" data-file-height="3269" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eizo_ColorEdge" class="mw-redirect" title="Eizo ColorEdge">Eizo ColorEdge</a> monitor with screen hood</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd><b>Integrated professional accessories</b></dd></dl> <p>Integrated screen calibration tools, screen hoods, signal transmitters; Protective screens. </p> <dl><dd><b>Tablet screens</b></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Graphics_tablet/screen_hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphics tablet/screen hybrid">Graphics tablet/screen hybrid</a></div> <p>A combination of a monitor with a <a href="/wiki/Graphics_tablet" title="Graphics tablet">graphics tablet</a>. Such devices are typically unresponsive to touch without the use of one or more special tools' pressure. Newer models however are now able to detect touch from any pressure and often have the ability to detect tool tilt and rotation as well. </p><p>Touch and tablet sensors are often used on <a href="/wiki/Sample_and_hold" title="Sample and hold">sample and hold</a> displays such as LCDs to substitute for the <a href="/wiki/Light_pen" title="Light pen">light pen</a>, which can only work on CRTs. </p> <dl><dd><b>Integrated display LUT</b> and <b>3D LUT tables</b></dd></dl> <p>The option for using the display as a reference monitor; these calibration features can give an advanced <a href="/wiki/Color_management" title="Color management">color management</a> control for take a near-perfect image. </p> <dl><dd><b>Local dimming backlight</b></dd></dl> <p>Option for professional LCD monitors, inherent to OLED & CRT; professional feature with mainstream tendency. </p> <dl><dd><b>Backlight brightness/color uniformity compensation</b></dd></dl> <p>Near to mainstream professional feature; advanced hardware driver for backlit modules with local zones of uniformity correction. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mounting">Mounting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Mounting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Computer monitors are provided with a variety of methods for mounting them depending on the application and environment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Desktop">Desktop</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Desktop"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A desktop monitor is typically provided with a stand from the manufacturer which lifts the monitor up to a more ergonomic viewing height. The stand may be attached to the monitor using a proprietary method or may use, or be adaptable to, a VESA mount. A VESA standard mount allows the monitor to be used with more after-market stands if the original stand is removed. Stands may be fixed or offer a variety of features such as height adjustment, horizontal swivel, and landscape or portrait screen orientation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="VESA_mount">VESA mount</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: VESA mount"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Flat_Display_Mounting_Interface" title="Flat Display Mounting Interface">Flat Display Mounting Interface</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monitor_arm_stand_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Monitor_arm_stand_%281%29.jpg/220px-Monitor_arm_stand_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Monitor_arm_stand_%281%29.jpg/330px-Monitor_arm_stand_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Monitor_arm_stand_%281%29.jpg/440px-Monitor_arm_stand_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4302" data-file-height="2860" /></a><figcaption>Hydraulic arm monitor stand, connected via VESA mount holes</figcaption></figure> <p>The Flat Display Mounting Interface (FDMI), also known as VESA Mounting Interface Standard (MIS) or colloquially as a VESA mount, is a family of standards defined by the Video Electronics Standards Association for mounting <a href="/wiki/Flat-panel_display" title="Flat-panel display">flat-panel displays</a> to stands or wall mounts.<sup id="cite_ref-vesa-fdmi_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vesa-fdmi-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is implemented on most modern flat-panel monitors and TVs. </p><p>For computer monitors, the VESA Mount typically consists of four threaded holes on the rear of the display that will mate with an adapter bracket. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rack_mount">Rack mount</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Rack mount"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/19-inch_rack" title="19-inch rack">Rack mount</a> computer monitors are available in two styles and are intended to be mounted into a 19-inch rack: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rackmount-LCD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Rackmount-LCD.jpg/220px-Rackmount-LCD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Rackmount-LCD.jpg/330px-Rackmount-LCD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Rackmount-LCD.jpg/440px-Rackmount-LCD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="985" /></a><figcaption>A fixed 19-inch (48 cm), 4:3 rack mount LCD monitor</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Fixed</dt></dl> <p>A fixed rack mount monitor is mounted directly to the rack with the flat-panel or CRT visible at all times. The height of the unit is measured in rack units (RU) and 8U or 9U are most common to fit 17-inch or 19-inch screens. The front sides of the unit are provided with flanges to mount to the rack, providing appropriately spaced holes or slots for the rack mounting screws. A 19-inch diagonal screen is the largest size that will fit within the rails of a 19-inch rack. Larger flat-panels may be accommodated but are 'mount-on-rack' and extend forward of the rack. There are smaller display units, typically used in broadcast environments, which fit multiple smaller screens side by side into one rack mount. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rackmount-KVM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rackmount-KVM.jpg/220px-Rackmount-KVM.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rackmount-KVM.jpg/330px-Rackmount-KVM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rackmount-KVM.jpg/440px-Rackmount-KVM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2908" data-file-height="2576" /></a><figcaption>A 1U stowable clamshell 19-inch (48 cm), 4:3 rack mount LCD monitor with keyboard</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Stowable</dt></dl> <p>A stowable rack mount monitor is <a href="/wiki/Rack_unit" title="Rack unit">1U, 2U or 3U</a> high and is mounted on <a href="/wiki/Linear-motion_bearing" title="Linear-motion bearing">rack slides</a> allowing the display to be folded down and the unit slid into the rack for storage as a <a href="/wiki/Drawer" title="Drawer">drawer</a>. The flat display is visible only when pulled out of the rack and deployed. These units may include only a display or may be equipped with a keyboard creating a <a href="/wiki/Rackmount_KVM" title="Rackmount KVM">KVM</a> (Keyboard Video Monitor). Most common are systems with a single LCD but there are systems providing two or three displays in a single rack mount system. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panel-Mount-LCD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Panel-Mount-LCD.jpg/220px-Panel-Mount-LCD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Panel-Mount-LCD.jpg/330px-Panel-Mount-LCD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Panel-Mount-LCD.jpg/440px-Panel-Mount-LCD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>A panel mount 19-inch (48 cm), 4:3 rack mount LCD monitor</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Panel_mount">Panel mount</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Panel mount"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A panel mount computer monitor is intended for mounting into a flat surface with the front of the display unit protruding just slightly. They may also be mounted to the rear of the panel. A flange is provided around the screen, sides, top and bottom, to allow mounting. This contrasts with a rack mount display where the flanges are only on the sides. The flanges will be provided with holes for thru-bolts or may have studs welded to the rear surface to secure the unit in the hole in the panel. Often a gasket is provided to provide a water-tight seal to the panel and the front of the screen will be sealed to the back of the front panel to prevent water and dirt contamination. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Open_frame">Open frame</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Open frame"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An open frame monitor provides the display and enough supporting structure to hold associated electronics and to minimally support the display. Provision will be made for attaching the unit to some external structure for support and protection. Open frame monitors are intended to be built into some other piece of equipment providing its own case. An arcade video game would be a good example with the display mounted inside the cabinet. There is usually an open frame display inside all end-use displays with the end-use display simply providing an attractive protective enclosure. Some rack mount monitor manufacturers will purchase desktop displays, take them apart, and discard the outer plastic parts, keeping the inner open-frame display for inclusion into their product. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:(_CRM_)Filiming_RED_Technology_2023_hello_IWJG.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/%28_CRM_%29Filiming_RED_Technology_2023_hello_IWJG.jpg/220px-%28_CRM_%29Filiming_RED_Technology_2023_hello_IWJG.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="364" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/%28_CRM_%29Filiming_RED_Technology_2023_hello_IWJG.jpg/330px-%28_CRM_%29Filiming_RED_Technology_2023_hello_IWJG.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/%28_CRM_%29Filiming_RED_Technology_2023_hello_IWJG.jpg 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="587" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Red_Digital_Cinema" title="Red Digital Cinema">Red Digital Cinema</a> monitor</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Security_vulnerabilities">Security vulnerabilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Security vulnerabilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to an NSA document leaked to <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i></span>, the NSA sometimes swaps the monitor cables on targeted computers with a bugged monitor cable to allow the NSA to remotely see what is being displayed on the targeted computer monitor.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Van_Eck_phreaking" title="Van Eck phreaking">Van Eck phreaking</a> is the process of remotely displaying the contents of a CRT or LCD by detecting its electromagnetic emissions. It is named after Dutch computer researcher Wim van Eck, who in 1985 published the first paper on it, including proof of concept. Phreaking more generally is the process of exploiting telephone networks.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composite_monitor" title="Composite monitor">Composite monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_display_technology" title="History of display technology">History of display technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_CRT,_LCD,_plasma,_and_OLED_displays" title="Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED displays">Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED displays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat-panel_display" title="Flat-panel display">Flat-panel display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head-mounted_display" title="Head-mounted display">Head-mounted display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_frame_rate" title="High frame rate">High frame rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display" title="Liquid-crystal display">Liquid-crystal display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-monitor" title="Multi-monitor">Multi-monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vector_monitor" title="Vector monitor">Vector monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_desktop" title="Virtual desktop">Virtual desktop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_refresh_rate" title="Variable refresh rate">Variable refresh rate</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eetimes.com/lcd-monitors-outsold-crts-in-q3-says-displaysearch/">"LCD monitors outsold CRTs in Q3, says DisplaySearch"</a>. <a href="/wiki/EE_Times" title="EE Times">Electronic Engineering Times</a>. 9 December 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LCD+monitors+outsold+CRTs+in+Q3%2C+says+DisplaySearch&rft.pub=Electronic+Engineering+Times&rft.date=2004-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eetimes.com%2Flcd-monitors-outsold-crts-in-q3-says-displaysearch%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Ward2002" class="citation book cs1">Peter Ward (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1vL7AwAAQBAJ"><i>Picture Composition</i></a> (2nd ed.). CRC Press. p. 103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-04506-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-04506-6"><bdi>978-1-136-04506-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Picture+Composition&rft.pages=103&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-136-04506-6&rft.au=Peter+Ward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1vL7AwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1vL7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA103">Extract of page 103</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJerry_Hofmann2004" class="citation book cs1">Jerry Hofmann (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8tlW6q8BxnkC"><i>Jerry Hofmann on Final Cut Pro 4</i></a> (illustrated ed.). New Riders. p. 42. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7357-1281-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7357-1281-2"><bdi>978-0-7357-1281-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jerry+Hofmann+on+Final+Cut+Pro+4&rft.pages=42&rft.edition=illustrated&rft.pub=New+Riders&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7357-1281-2&rft.au=Jerry+Hofmann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8tlW6q8BxnkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8tlW6q8BxnkC&pg=PA42">Extract of page 42</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between-tv-and-computer-monitor/">"Difference Between TV and Computer Monitor | Difference Between"</a>. <i>differencebetween.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=differencebetween.net&rft.atitle=Difference+Between+TV+and+Computer+Monitor+%7C+Difference+Between&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.differencebetween.net%2Ftechnology%2Fdifference-between-tv-and-computer-monitor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technologyrental.com.au/monitor-rental/">"Difference Between laptop and Computer Monitor | Difference Between"</a>. <i>technologyrental.com.au</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=technologyrental.com.au&rft.atitle=Difference+Between+laptop+and+Computer+Monitor+%7C+Difference+Between&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechnologyrental.com.au%2Fmonitor-rental%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/book/Readings/Reading06.htm">"How Computers Work: Input and Output"</a>. <i>homepage.cs.uri.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=homepage.cs.uri.edu&rft.atitle=How+Computers+Work%3A+Input+and+Output&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhomepage.cs.uri.edu%2Ffaculty%2Fwolfe%2Fbook%2FReadings%2FReading06.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/visual-display-unit">"Visual display unit"</a>. <i>Collins English Dictionary</i>. HarperCollins<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Visual+display+unit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fus%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fvisual-display-unit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110326184456/http://www.infodingo.com/electronics/computer-monitors/types-of-computer-monitors/crt/">"Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Monitors"</a>. Infodingo.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infodingo.com/electronics/computer-monitors/types-of-computer-monitors/crt/">the original</a> on 26 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cathode+Ray+Tube+%28CRT%29+Monitors&rft.pub=Infodingo.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infodingo.com%2Felectronics%2Fcomputer-monitors%2Ftypes-of-computer-monitors%2Fcrt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pctech1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pctech1_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pctech1_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pctechguide.com/crt-monitors">"CRT Monitors"</a>. PCTechGuide.Com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110523052246/http://www.pctechguide.com/crt-monitors">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CRT+Monitors&rft.pub=PCTechGuide.Com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pctechguide.com%2Fcrt-monitors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tftcentral.co.uk/articles/panel_technologies.htm#tn_film">"TFT Central"</a>. TFT Central. 29 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170629182048/http://www.tftcentral.co.uk/articles/panel_technologies.htm#tn_film">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TFT+Central&rft.pub=TFT+Central&rft.date=2017-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tftcentral.co.uk%2Farticles%2Fpanel_technologies.htm%23tn_film&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dave.spalla.com/?p=55">"Boot Magazine 1998 – LCD Monitor Review"</a>. April 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boot+Magazine+1998+%E2%80%93+LCD+Monitor+Review&rft.date=2012-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdave.spalla.com%2F%3Fp%3D55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101227071935/http://www.infodingo.com/electronics/computer-monitors/types-of-computer-monitors/lcd/why-choose-an-lcd.aspx">"Is the LCD monitor right for you?"</a>. Infodingo.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infodingo.com/electronics/computer-monitors/types-of-computer-monitors/lcd/why-choose-an-lcd.aspx">the original</a> on 27 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+the+LCD+monitor+right+for+you%3F&rft.pub=Infodingo.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infodingo.com%2Felectronics%2Fcomputer-monitors%2Ftypes-of-computer-monitors%2Flcd%2Fwhy-choose-an-lcd.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rr-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rr_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rr_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reviewrooster.net/best-pc-monitor-2019/">"Refresh rate: A note-worthy factor for a PC monitor"</a>. <i>Review Rooster</i>. 26 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Review+Rooster&rft.atitle=Refresh+rate%3A+A+note-worthy+factor+for+a+PC+monitor&rft.date=2018-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freviewrooster.net%2Fbest-pc-monitor-2019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark2019" class="citation web cs1">Mark, Rejhon (29 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blurbusters.com/faq/crt-comparison/">"CRT Versus LCD"</a>. Blur Busters<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CRT+Versus+LCD&rft.pub=Blur+Busters&rft.date=2019-05-29&rft.aulast=Mark&rft.aufirst=Rejhon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblurbusters.com%2Ffaq%2Fcrt-comparison%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Masoud Ghodrati, Adam P. Morris, and Nicholas Seow Chiang Price (2015) The (un)suitability of modern liquid crystal displays (LCDs) for vision research. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, 6:303.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhodratiMorrisPrice2015" class="citation journal cs1">Ghodrati, Masoud; Morris, Adam; Price, Nicholas (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4369646">"The (un)suitability of modern liquid crystal displays (LCDs) for vision research"</a>. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>. <b>6</b>: 303. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2015.00303">10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00303</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4369646">4369646</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25852617">25852617</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+%28un%29suitability+of+modern+liquid+crystal+displays+%28LCDs%29+for+vision+research&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=303&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4369646%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25852617&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2015.00303&rft.aulast=Ghodrati&rft.aufirst=Masoud&rft.au=Morris%2C+Adam&rft.au=Price%2C+Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4369646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pid.samsungdisplay.com/en/learning-center/white-papers/deep-dive-into-curved-displays#:~:text=When%20measuring%20curved%20monitors%2C%20the,the%20higher%20the%20monitor%27s%20curve.">"Deep Dive into Curved Displays"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Deep+Dive+into+Curved+Displays&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpid.samsungdisplay.com%2Fen%2Flearning-center%2Fwhite-papers%2Fdeep-dive-into-curved-displays%23%3A~%3Atext%3DWhen%2520measuring%2520curved%2520monitors%252C%2520the%2Cthe%2520higher%2520the%2520monitor%2527s%2520curve.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">NEMATech Computer Display Standards <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120302030131/http://www.millertech.com/Technical_Specs.htm">"NEMA Specifications"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.millertech.com/Technical_Specs.htm">the original</a> on 2 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NEMA+Specifications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.millertech.com%2FTechnical_Specs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070315085244/http://www.necdisplay.com/support/css/monitortechguide/index05.htm">"Introduction—Monitor Technology Guide"</a>. NEC Display Solutions. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.necdisplay.com/support/css/monitortechguide/index05.htm">the original</a> on 15 March 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introduction%E2%80%94Monitor+Technology+Guide&rft.pub=NEC+Display+Solutions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.necdisplay.com%2Fsupport%2Fcss%2Fmonitortechguide%2Findex05.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-displaysearch1-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-displaysearch1_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721072242/http://www.displaysearch.com/cps/rde/xchg/SID-0A424DE8-28DF6E59/displaysearch/hs.xsl/070108_16by9_PR.asp">"Product Planners and Marketers Must Act Before 16:9 Panels Replace Mainstream 16:10 and Monitor LCD Panels, New DisplaySearch Topical Report Advises"</a>. DisplaySearch. 1 July 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.displaysearch.com/cps/rde/xchg/SID-0A424DE8-28DF6E59/displaysearch/hs.xsl/070108_16by9_PR.asp">the original</a> on 21 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Product+Planners+and+Marketers+Must+Act+Before+16%3A9+Panels+Replace+Mainstream+16%3A10+and+Monitor+LCD+Panels%2C+New+DisplaySearch+Topical+Report+Advises&rft.pub=DisplaySearch&rft.date=2008-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.displaysearch.com%2Fcps%2Frde%2Fxchg%2FSID-0A424DE8-28DF6E59%2Fdisplaysearch%2Fhs.xsl%2F070108_16by9_PR.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mybroadband1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mybroadband1_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVermeulen2011" class="citation web cs1">Vermeulen, Jan (10 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mybroadband.co.za/news/hardware/17621-Widescreen-monitors-Where-did-1920x1200.html">"Widescreen monitors: Where did 1920×1200 go?"</a>. <i>MyBroadband</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110113080158/http://mybroadband.co.za/news/hardware/17621-Widescreen-monitors-Where-did-1920x1200.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MyBroadband&rft.atitle=Widescreen+monitors%3A+Where+did+1920%C3%971200+go%3F&rft.date=2011-01-10&rft.aulast=Vermeulen&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmybroadband.co.za%2Fnews%2Fhardware%2F17621-Widescreen-monitors-Where-did-1920x1200.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skinflint.co.uk/eu/?cat=monlcd19wide&sort=n&bpmax=&asuch=&v=e&plz=&dist=&filter=+update+list+&xf=">Monitors/TFT 16:9/16:10 | Skinflint Price Comparison EU</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426002744/http://skinflint.co.uk/eu/?cat=monlcd19wide&sort=n&bpmax=&asuch=&v=e&plz=&dist=&filter=+update+list+&xf=">Archived</a> 26 April 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Skinflint.co.uk. Retrieved on 24 December 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedl" class="citation web cs1">Friedl, Jeffrey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://regex.info/blog/photo-tech/color-spaces-page2">"Digital-Image Color Spaces, Page 2: Test Images"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2018</span>. <q>See For Yourself The Effects of Misinterpreted Color Data</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Digital-Image+Color+Spaces%2C+Page+2%3A+Test+Images&rft.aulast=Friedl&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregex.info%2Fblog%2Fphoto-tech%2Fcolor-spaces-page2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoren" class="citation web cs1">Koren, Norman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111221111848/http://www.normankoren.com/color_management.html#Basics">"Gamut mapping"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.normankoren.com/color_management.html#Basics">the original</a> on 21 December 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2018</span>. <q>The rendering intent determines how colors are handled that are present in the source but out of gamut in the destination</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gamut+mapping&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.normankoren.com%2Fcolor_management.html%23Basics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vesa-fdmi-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vesa-fdmi_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vesa.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/FDMI-Overview.pdf">"FDMI Overview"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927035603/http://www.vesa.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/FDMI-Overview.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 27 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FDMI+Overview&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vesa.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F12%2FFDMI-Overview.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AComputer+monitor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/catalog-reveals-nsa-has-back-doors-for-numerous-devices-a-940994.html">Shopping for Spy Gear: Catalog Advertises NSA Toolbox, dec 2013</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906100506/http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/catalog-reveals-nsa-has-back-doors-for-numerous-devices-a-940994.html">Archived</a> 6 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Definition of terms clarified and discussed in Aaron Schwabach, <i>Internet and the Law: Technology, Society, and Compromises, 2nd Edition</i> (Santa Barbara CA: ABC-CLIO, 2014), 192–3. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781610693509" title="Special:BookSources/9781610693509">9781610693509</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Computer_monitors" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Computer monitors">Computer monitors</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Basic_computer_components" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Basic_computer_components" title="Template:Basic computer components"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Basic_computer_components" title="Template talk:Basic computer components"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Basic_computer_components" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Basic computer components"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Basic_computer_components" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Basic <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computer</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">components</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Input_device" title="Input device">Input devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pointing_device" title="Pointing device">Pointing devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_tablet" title="Graphics tablet">Graphics tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_controller" title="Game controller">Game controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_pen" title="Light pen">Light pen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_mouse" title="Computer mouse">Mouse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optical_mouse" title="Optical mouse">Optical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_trackpad" title="Optical trackpad">Optical trackpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointing_stick" title="Pointing stick">Pointing stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touchpad" title="Touchpad">Touchpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">Touchscreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trackball" title="Trackball">Trackball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">Keyboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_scanner" title="Image scanner">Image scanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_card" title="Graphics card">Graphics card</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_processing_unit" title="Graphics processing unit">GPU</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone">Microphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refreshable_braille_display" title="Refreshable braille display">Refreshable braille display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_card" title="Sound card">Sound card</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sound_chip" title="Sound chip">Sound chip</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webcam" title="Webcam">Webcam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Softcam" title="Softcam">Softcam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Output_device" title="Output device">Output devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monitor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_visual_display" title="Electronic visual display">Screen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refreshable_braille_display" title="Refreshable braille display">Refreshable braille display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printer_(computing)" title="Printer (computing)">Printer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plotter" title="Plotter">Plotter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_speakers" title="Computer speakers">Speakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_card" title="Sound card">Sound card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_card" title="Graphics card">Graphics card</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Removable_media" title="Removable media">Removable <br /> data storage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disk_pack" title="Disk pack">Disk pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">Floppy disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc" title="Optical disc">Optical disc</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">CD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_memory" title="Flash memory">Flash memory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Memory_card" title="Memory card">Memory card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB_flash_drive" title="USB flash drive">USB flash drive</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_case" title="Computer case">Computer case</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">Central processing unit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microprocessor" title="Microprocessor">Microprocessor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motherboard" title="Motherboard">Motherboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_memory" title="Computer memory">Memory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory">RAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonvolatile_BIOS_memory" title="Nonvolatile BIOS memory">BIOS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_data_storage" title="Computer data storage">Data storage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">HDD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid-state_drive" title="Solid-state drive">SSD</a> (<a href="/wiki/SATA" title="SATA">SATA</a> / <a href="/wiki/NVM_Express" title="NVM Express">NVMe</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid-state_hybrid_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Solid-state hybrid drive">SSHD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_supply_unit_(computer)" title="Power supply unit (computer)">Power supply</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Switched-mode_power_supply" title="Switched-mode power supply">SMPS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Power_MOSFET" title="Power MOSFET">Power MOSFET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltage_regulator_module" title="Voltage regulator module">VRM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_interface_controller" title="Network interface controller">Network interface controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fax_modem" title="Fax modem">Fax modem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expansion_card" title="Expansion card">Expansion card</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_port_(hardware)" title="Computer port (hardware)">Ports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)" title="Thunderbolt (interface)">Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone_connector_(audio)" title="Phone connector (audio)">Analog audio jack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DisplayPort" title="DisplayPort">DisplayPort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDMI" title="HDMI">HDMI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Obsolete</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1394" title="IEEE 1394">FireWire</a> (IEEE 1394)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_port" title="Parallel port">Parallel port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_port" title="Serial port">Serial port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_port" title="Game port">Game port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PS/2_port" title="PS/2 port">PS/2 port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_ATA#eSATA" class="mw-redirect" title="Serial ATA">eSATA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Visual_Interface" title="Digital Visual Interface">DVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VGA_connector" title="VGA connector">VGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_computing_hardware" title="History of computing hardware">History of computing hardware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_computing_hardware_(1960s%E2%80%93present)" title="History of computing hardware (1960s–present)">History of computing hardware (1960s–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pioneers_in_computer_science" title="List of pioneers in computer science">List of pioneers in computer science</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&oldid=1254128334">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&oldid=1254128334</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_monitors" title="Category:Computer monitors">Computer monitors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_inventions" title="Category:American inventions">American inventions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_peripherals" title="Category:Computer peripherals">Computer peripherals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Electronic_display_devices" title="Category:Electronic display devices">Electronic display devices</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2024" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2024">Use dmy dates from August 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_December_2020" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from December 2020">Articles needing additional references from December 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 October 2024, at 15:11<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Computer_monitor&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7zwfr","wgBackendResponseTime":245,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.790","walltime":"1.022","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4704,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":81963,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3389,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":32,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":26,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":104345,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 905.237 1 -total"," 33.71% 305.198 74 Template:Replace"," 25.66% 232.322 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.74% 160.622 20 Template:Cite_web"," 12.28% 111.198 1 Template:Lang"," 9.63% 87.167 1 Template:Basic_computer_components"," 9.52% 86.215 3 Template:Navbox"," 8.44% 76.357 1 Template:Commons_category"," 8.21% 74.310 1 Template:Sister_project"," 8.02% 72.626 1 Template:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.505","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":22150657,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-78gtk","timestamp":"20241122140436","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Computer monitor","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Computer_monitor","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5290","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5290","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-03-16T00:24:25Z","dateModified":"2024-10-29T15:11:07Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/76\/MonitorLCDlcd.svg","headline":"electronic visual display for computers"}</script> </body> </html>