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vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bidu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Studju_u_taħriġ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Studju_u_taħriġ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Studju u taħriġ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Studju_u_taħriġ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regolamentazzjoni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regolamentazzjoni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Regolamentazzjoni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regolamentazzjoni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iktar_qari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iktar_qari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Iktar qari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iktar_qari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenzi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referenzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kontenut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aħbi jew uri l-werrej" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aħbi jew uri l-werrej</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Professjoni</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Żur artiklu f'lingwa differenti. Disponibbli fi 94 lingwi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-94" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">94 lingwi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beruf" title="Beruf – Ġermaniż tal-Iżvizzera" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Beruf" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż tal-Iżvizzera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%86%D8%A9" title="مهنة – Għarbi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مهنة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Għarbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="مهنه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مهنه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="МугӀалим – Avarik" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="МугӀалим" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avarik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C5%9F%C9%99" title="Peşə – Ażerbajġani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Peşə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Ażerbajġani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%87" title="حیرفه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="حیرفه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propesyon" title="Propesyon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Propesyon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Прафесія – Belarussu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прафесія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Професия – Bulgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Професия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baaraw" title="Baaraw – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Baaraw" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE" title="পেশা – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পেশা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ལས་རིགས། – Tibetjan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལས་རིགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professi%C3%B3" title="Professió – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Professió" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%95" title="پیشە – Kurd Ċentrali" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پیشە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurd Ċentrali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povol%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Povolání – Ċek" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Povolání" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ċek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galwedigaeth" title="Galwedigaeth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Galwedigaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession" title="Profession – Daniż" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Profession" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beruf" title="Beruf – Ġermaniż" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Beruf" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Επάγγελμα – Grieg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επάγγελμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession" title="Profession – Ingliż" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Profession" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesio" title="Profesio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Profesio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesi%C3%B3n" title="Profesión – Spanjol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Profesión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanjol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elukutse" title="Elukutse – Estonjan" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elukutse" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanbide" title="Lanbide – Bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lanbide" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%87" title="حرفه – Persjan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حرفه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professio" title="Professio – Finlandiż" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Professio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cakacaka_(vulica)" title="Cakacaka (vulica) – Fiġjan" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Cakacaka (vulica)" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fiġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession" title="Profession – Franċiż" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Profession" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berop" title="Berop – Frisian tal-Punent" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Berop" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian tal-Punent" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proifeasan" title="Proifeasan – Galliku Skoċċiż" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Proifeasan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Galliku Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesi%C3%B3n" title="Profesión – Galiċjan" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Profesión" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiċjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A2" title="מקצוע – Ebrajk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקצוע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrajk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="वृत्ति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वृत्ति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanimanje" title="Zanimanje – Kroat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zanimanje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesyon" title="Profesyon – Creole ta’ Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Profesyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creole ta’ Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szakma" title="Szakma – Ungeriż" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szakma" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungeriż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մասնագիտություն – Armen" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մասնագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesi" title="Profesi – Indoneżjan" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Profesi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneżjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cr%E1%BB%A5_Aka" title="Ọrụ Aka – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ọrụ Aka" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesiono" title="Profesiono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Profesiono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professione" title="Professione – Taljan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Professione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Taljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%82%E9%96%80%E8%81%B7" title="専門職 – Ġappuniż" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="専門職" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Ġappuniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prof%C3%A8si" title="Profèsi – Ġavaniż" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Profèsi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ġavaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პროფესიების სია – Ġorġjan" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პროფესიების სია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Ġorġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%99%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BF" title="Кәсіп – Każak" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кәсіп" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Każak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%AC%B8%EC%A7%81" title="전문직 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전문직" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beruff" title="Beruff – Lussemburgiż" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Beruff" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lussemburgiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mestier" title="Mestier – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mestier" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%9A" title="ວິຊາຊີບ – Laosjan" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວິຊາຊີບ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laosjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesija" title="Profesija – Litwan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Profesija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesija" title="Profesija – Latvjan" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Profesija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Профессий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Профессий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF" title="ജീവിതപ്രവൃത്തി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജീവിതപ്രവൃത്തി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF" title="व्यवसाय – Nepaliż" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="व्यवसाय" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beroep" title="Beroep – Olandiż" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beroep" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Olandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesjon" title="Profesjon – Ninorsk Norveġiż" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Profesjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Ninorsk Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesjon" title="Profesjon – Bokmal Norveġiż" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Profesjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession" title="Profession – Oċċitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Profession" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oċċitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE" title="ਧੰਦਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਧੰਦਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesja_(zaw%C3%B3d)" title="Profesja (zawód) – Pollakk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Profesja (zawód)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pollakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7" title="پیشا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پیشا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%DA%A9" title="مسلک – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مسلک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profiss%C3%A3o" title="Profissão – Portugiż" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Profissão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puruhisyun" title="Puruhisyun – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Puruhisyun" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesie" title="Profesie – Rumen" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Profesie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Профессия – Russu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Профессия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Професія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Професія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession" title="Profession – Skoċċiż" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Profession" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88" title="پيشو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پيشو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanimanje" title="Zanimanje – Serbo-Kroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zanimanje" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="වෘත්තිය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වෘත්තිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession" title="Profession – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Profession" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povolanie_(zamestnanie)" title="Povolanie (zamestnanie) – Slovakk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Povolanie (zamestnanie)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poklic" title="Poklic – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Poklic" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profesioni" title="Profesioni – Albaniż" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Profesioni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Занимање – Serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Занимање" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukang_(prof%C3%A9si)" title="Tukang (profési) – Sundaniż" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tukang (profési)" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession" title="Profession – Żvediż" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Profession" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Żvediż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taaluma" title="Taaluma – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Taaluma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="వృత్తులు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వృత్తులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B1" title="Касб – Taġik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Касб" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Taġik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9E" title="วิชาชีพ – Tajlandiż" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิชาชีพ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propesyon" title="Propesyon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Propesyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meslek" title="Meslek – Tork" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Meslek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tork" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D3%A9%D0%BD%D3%99%D1%80" title="Һөнәр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һөнәр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Професія – Ukren" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Професія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukren" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%81" title="پیشہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پیشہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasb" title="Kasb – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kasb" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngh%E1%BB%81_nghi%E1%BB%87p" title="Nghề nghiệp – Vjetnamiż" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nghề nghiệp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vjetnamiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propesyon" title="Propesyon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Propesyon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E4%B8%9A" title="专业 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="专业" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9A" title="פאך – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאך" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E6%A5%AD" title="專業 – Ċiniż" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="專業" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Ċiniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E6%A5%AD" title="專業 – Kantoniż" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="專業" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28640#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Immodifika l-ħoloq interlingwi" class="wbc-editpage">Immodifika l-ħoloq</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spazji tal-isem"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Professjoni" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">Minn Wikipedija, l-enċiklopedija l-ħielsa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mt" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:A_farmer_telling_his_family,_a_doctor,_a_vicar_and_a_lawyer_Wellcome_V0011022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/A_farmer_telling_his_family%2C_a_doctor%2C_a_vicar_and_a_lawyer_Wellcome_V0011022.jpg/348px-A_farmer_telling_his_family%2C_a_doctor%2C_a_vicar_and_a_lawyer_Wellcome_V0011022.jpg" decoding="async" width="348" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/A_farmer_telling_his_family%2C_a_doctor%2C_a_vicar_and_a_lawyer_Wellcome_V0011022.jpg/522px-A_farmer_telling_his_family%2C_a_doctor%2C_a_vicar_and_a_lawyer_Wellcome_V0011022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/A_farmer_telling_his_family%2C_a_doctor%2C_a_vicar_and_a_lawyer_Wellcome_V0011022.jpg/696px-A_farmer_telling_his_family%2C_a_doctor%2C_a_vicar_and_a_lawyer_Wellcome_V0011022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>Tpinġija tas-seklu 19 ta’ bidwi jitħaddet ma’ tabib, ma’ vikarju u ma’ avukat</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Professjoni</b> hija okkupazzjoni stabbilita permezz ta’ taħriġ edukattiv speċjalizzat, bl-għan li jingħataw pariri u jiġi pprovdut servizz b’mod oġġettiv u mingħajr kunflitt ta’ interessi lill-oħrajn, għal kumpens dirett u definit, lil hinn għalkollox mill-aspettattiva ta’ gwadann kummerċjali ieħor.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It-tradizzjoni <a href="/wiki/Medjuevu" title="Medjuevu">Medjevali</a> u moderna bikrija kienet tirrikonoxxi tliet professjonijiet biss: id-divinità, il-<a href="/wiki/Medi%C4%8Bina" title="Mediċina">mediċina</a> u d-<a href="/wiki/Dritt" title="Dritt">dritt</a>, li kollettivament kienu jissejħu l-“professjonijiet tal-imgħallma”.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professjoni mhix sengħa u mhix <a href="/w/index.php?title=Industrija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industrija (il-paġna ma teżistix)">industrija</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It-terminu <i>professjoni</i> hija forma mqassra tal-kunċett ta’ <i>professjoni liberali</i>, li oriġina mill-kunċett <a href="/wiki/Lingwa_Fran%C4%8Bi%C5%BCa" title="Lingwa Franċiża">Franċiż</a> <i>profession libérale</i>. Fis-sekli 19 u 20, it-terminu ssellef kemm-il darba. Fil-qasam tal-leġiżlazzjoni tal-<a href="/wiki/Unjoni_Ewropea" title="Unjoni Ewropea">Unjoni Ewropea</a>, eżattament fid-Direttiva 2005/36/KE dwar ir-Rikonoxximent tal-Kwalifiki Professjonali, il-“professjonijiet liberali” huma “dawk il-professjonijiet li jiġu pprattikati abbażi ta’ kwalifiki professjonali rilevanti b’mod personali, responsabbli u indipendenti professjonalment minn dawk li jipprovdu servizzi intellettwali u kunċettwali fl-interess tal-klijent u tal-pubbliku”. </p><p>Xi professjonijiet ivarjaw kemxejn bħala status u poter, iżda l-prestiġju tagħhom ġeneralment jibqa’ stabbli tul iż-żmien, anke jekk il-professjoni jibda jkollha iktar rekwiżiti ta’ studju u ta’ <a href="/wiki/Edukazzjoni" title="Edukazzjoni">edukazzjoni</a> formali.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iktar reċentement id-dixxiplini bħal pereżempju l-arkitettura ġew formalizzati u issa jirrikjedu perjodi twal ta’ studju bl-istess mod.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Għalkemm il-professjonijiet jistgħu jgawdu minn status u prestiġju pubbliku relattivament għoljin, mhux il-professjonisti kollha jaqilgħu salarji għoljin, u anke fi ħdan professjonijiet speċifiċi jeżistu differenzi sinifikanti fis-salarji. Fid-dritt, pereżempju, avukat tad-difiża korporattiv li jaħdem bis-siegħa jaf jaqla’ diversi drabi iktar dak li jaqla’ prosekutur jew difensur pubbliku. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Studju_u_taħriġ"><span id="Studju_u_ta.C4.A7ri.C4.A1"></span>Studju u taħriġ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Studju u taħriġ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Studju u taħriġ"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Professjoni tiġi stabbilita permezz ta’ proċess ta’ professjonalizzazzjoni meta kwalunkwe sengħa jew okkupazzjoni tittrasforma ruħha permezz tal-“iżvilupp tal-kwalifiki formali abbażi tal-edukazzjoni, l-apprendistati u l-eżamijiet, it-twaqqif ta’ korpi regolatorji b’setgħat biex jiġu ammessi u ddixxiplinati l-membri, u xi grad ta’ drittijiet ta’ monopolju”<i>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hemm diversi punti importanti li permezz tagħhom okkupazzjoni tiġi identifikata bħala professjoni, fosthom: </p> <ol><li>okkupazzjoni issir okkupazzjoni full-time</li> <li>l-istabbiliment ta’ skola tat-taħriġ</li> <li>l-istabbiliment ta’ università</li> <li>l-istabbiliment ta’ assoċjazzjoni lokali</li> <li>l-istabbiliment ta’ assoċjazzjoni nazzjoni tal-etika professjonali</li> <li>l-istabbiliment ta’ liġijiet statali tal-għoti tal-liċenzji</li></ol> <p>L-applikazzjoni ta’ dawn il-punti importanti mas-sekwenza storika ta’ żvilupp ngħidu aħna fl-<a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti" title="Stati Uniti">Istati Uniti</a> fil-professjoni ta’ servejer, wasslet biex il-professjoni kienet l-ewwel li kisbet status professjonali (<a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Jefferson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Jefferson (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Thomas Jefferson</a>, u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abraham_Lincoln&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abraham Lincoln (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Abraham Lincoln</a> kollha ħadmu bħala servejers qabel ma daħlu fil-<a href="/wiki/Politiku" title="Politiku">politika</a>), segwita mill-mediċina, ix-<a href="/wiki/Xjenza" title="Xjenza">xjenza</a> attwarja, id-dritt, id-dentistrija, l-inġinerija ċivili, il-loġistika, l-arkitettura u l-kontabilità.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fis-seklu 19, biż-żieda tat-teknoloġija u tal-ispeċjalizzazzjoni okkupazzjonali, korpi oħra bdew jiddikjaraw status professjonali, fosthom l-inġinerija mekkanika, il-farmaċewtika, il-mediċina veterinarja, il-<a href="/wiki/Psikolo%C4%A1ija" title="Psikoloġija">psikoloġija</a>, l-indukrar, it-tagħlim, ix-xogħol fil-libreriji, l-optometrija u x-xogħol soċjali, li kollha saru professjonijiet sal-1900 permezz tal-ksib tal-punti importanti msemmija hawn fuq.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regolamentazzjoni">Regolamentazzjoni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Regolamentazzjoni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Regolamentazzjoni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oriġinarjament, kwalunkwe regolamentazzjoni tal-professjonijiet kienet tkun awtoregolamentazzjoni permezz ta’ korpi bħall-organizzazzjonijiet jew l-assoċjazzjonijiet tat-tobba jew tal-prattikanti fil-qrati. Bir-rwol dejjem jikber tal-gvernijiet, il-korpi statutorji kulma jmur bdew jaqdu dan ir-rwol, u l-membri tagħhom kienu jinħatru mill-professjoni stess jew (kulma jmur) mill-gvernijiet. Il-proposti għall-introduzzjoni jew għat-titjib tar-regolamentazzjoni statutorja jaf jiġu aċċettati minn professjoni ladarba jipproteġu lill-klijenti u ttejjeb il-kwalità u r-reputazzjoni tagħhom, jew tirrestrinġi l-aċċess għall-professjoni u b’hekk twassal biex ikunu jistgħu jiġu imposti miżati iktar għoljin. Inkella jistgħu ma jiġux aċċettati peress li jillimitaw il-libertà tal-membri li jinnovaw jew li jipprattikaw kif iridu skont il-ġudizzju professjonali tagħhom. </p><p>Eżempju ta’ dan seħħ fl-2008, meta l-gvern <a href="/wiki/Renju_Unit" title="Renju Unit">Brittaniku</a> ppropona regolamentazzjoni statutorja wiesgħa għall-psikologi. L-ispirazzjoni wara l-bidla kienu għadd ta’ problemi fil-qasam tal-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Psikoterapija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psikoterapija (il-paġna ma teżistix)">psikoterapija</a>, iżda hemm diversi tipi ta’ psikologi, inkluż fosthom ħafna li ma għandhomx rwol kliniku u fejn ir-raġuni wara r-regolamentazzjoni mhijiex daqshekk ċara. Il-psikoloġija tax-xogħol wasslet għal nuqqas ta’ qbil, u s-Soċjetà Psikoloġika Brittanika kienet favur ir-regolamentazzjoni statutorja tal-“psikologi okkupazzjonali” filwaqt li l-Assoċjazzjoni tal-Psikologi Korporattivi kienet kontra r-regolamentazzjoni statutorja tal-“psikologi korporattivi”. </p><p>Minbarra li jirregolaw l-aċċess għal professjoni, il-korpi professjonali jistgħu jistabbilixxu eżamijiet tal-kompetenzi u jinfurzaw kodiċi etiku. Jista’ jkun hemm diversi korpi bħal dawn għal professjoni waħda f’pajjiż wieħed, bħal pereżempju l-korpi tal-kontabilità tar-Renju Unit (ACCA, CAI, CIMA, CIPFA, ICAEW u ICAS), li kollha ngħataw ir-<i>Royal Charter</i> (l-ekwivalenti ta’ <i>warrant</i>), għalkemm il-membri tagħhom mhux neċessarjament kollha għandhom il-kwalifiki, u joperaw flimkien ma’ korpi ulterjuri (AAPA, IFA, CPAA). Eżempju ieħor ta’ korp regolatorju li jirregola professjoni huwa l-Unjoni tal-Għalliema Professjonali ta’ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong Kong (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Hong Kong</a>, li tirregola l-imġiba, id-drittijiet, l-obbligi u d-dmirijiet tal-għalliema bis-salarju li jaħdmu fl-istituzzjonijiet edukattivi f’Hong Kong. </p><p>Il-professjoni ta’ <a href="/w/index.php?title=In%C4%A1inier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inġinier (il-paġna ma teżistix)">inġinier</a> hija rregolata ħafna f’xi pajjiżi (eż. il-<a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a> u l-Istati Uniti) b’sistema rigoruża tal-għoti tal-liċenzji għall-inġiniera professjonali li tikkontrolla l-prattika, iżda mhux f’pajjiżi oħra (eż. ir-Renju Unit) fejn it-titli u l-kwalifiki huma rregolati iżda l-prattika mhijiex. </p><p>Tipikament, l-individwi huma meħtieġa skont il-liġi jkunu kkwalifikati minn korp professjonali lokali qabel ma jitħallew jipprattikaw dik il-professjoni. Madankollu, f’xi pajjiżi, l-individwi ma jistgħux ikunu meħtieġa skont il-liġi jkunu kkwalifikati minn tali korp professjonali biex jipprattikaw, bħall-każ tal-kontabilità fir-Renju Unit (għajr xogħol tal-awditjar u tal-insolvenza li legalment jirrikjedu kwalifika minn korp professjonali). F’każijiet bħal dawn, il-kwalifika mill-korpi professjonali effettivament għadha kkunsidrata bħala prerekwiżit għall-prattika mill-biċċa l-kbira ta’ min iħaddem u l-klijenti jistipulaw li l-individwi għandu jkollhom il-kwalifiki qabel ma jqabbduhom għas-servizzi tagħhom. Pereżempju, sabiex wieħed isir professjonist tat-tagħlim bil-kwalifiki meħtieġa f’Hong Kong u jaħdem fi skola ffinanzjata mill-istat/gvern, wieħed jeħtieġ li jkollu Diploma ta’ wara l-Baċellerat fl-Edukazzjoni ("PGDE") jew Baċellerat fl-Edukazzjoni ("B. Ed") f’istituzzjoni edukattiva terzjarja jew f’università. Dan ir-rekwiżit ġie stabbilit mill-Uffiċċju tad-Dipartiment tal-Edukazzjoni ta’ Hong Kong, li huwa d-dipartiment governattiv li jirregola s-settur tal-edukazzjoni ta’ Hong Kong. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iktar_qari">Iktar qari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Iktar qari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Iktar qari"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Abbott, A. (1998). The theory of professions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.</li> <li>Brint, Steven. 1994. <i>In an Age of Experts: The Changing Roles of Professionals in Politics and Public Life</i>. Princeton University Press.</li> <li>Penelope J. Corfield, <i>Power and the Professions in Britain, 1700–1850,</i> Routledge, Londra, 1995.</li> <li>Yves Dezalay and David Sugarman, <i>Professional Competition and Professional Power,</i> Routledge, 1995, ISBN 0-203-97721-1.</li> <li>Eliot Freidson, <i>Professional Powers: A Study of the Institutionalization of Formal Knowledge,</i> Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986, ISBN 0-226-26225-1.</li> <li>Joseph M. Jacob, <i>Doctors and Rules: A Sociology of Professional Values,</i> Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick u Londra, 1999.</li> <li>Montgomery, Jonathan (1989). "Medicine, Accountability, and Professionalism". <i>Journal of Law and Society</i>. <b>16</b> (3): 319–39.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenzi">Referenzi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Referenzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Referenzi"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.professions.org.au/what-is-a-professional">"What is a Profession? | Professions Professionals Professionalism - Australian Council of Professions (ACoP)"</a>. <i>www.professions.org.au</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Quoted by Perks, p. 4.</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Miksub minn "<a dir="ltr" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&oldid=266989">https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Professjoni&oldid=266989</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Kategoriji" title="Speċjali:Kategoriji">Kategoriji</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Professjonijiet" title="Kategorija:Professjonijiet">Professjonijiet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kummer%C4%8B" title="Kategorija:Kummerċ">Kummerċ</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategoriji moħbija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C5%BBbalji_CS1:_pubblikazzjoni_nieqes" title="Kategorija:Żbalji CS1: pubblikazzjoni nieqes">Żbalji CS1: pubblikazzjoni nieqes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Sorsi_CS1_bl-Ingli%C5%BC_(en)" title="Kategorija:Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)">Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> L-aħħar bidla fuq il-paġna: 18:03, 5 Lulju 2021.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">It-test huwa disponibbli taħt il-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Liċenzja Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; jistgħu japplikaw xi kundizzjonijiet oħra. 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