CINXE.COM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" version="HTML+RDFa+MathML 1.1" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#" xmlns:sioct="http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#" xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab">  <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://fg.bmj.com/sites/default/themes/bmjj/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];window.dataLayer.push({"page":{"hwTitle":"Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (3)","hwUrl":"https://fg.bmj.com/content/16/3","hwPath":"/content/16/3?current-issue=y","hwType":"toc page"},"user":{"hwMemberID":"","hwLoggedIntoInstitutionID":"","hwLoggedIntoInstitution":"","hwAccessUsageTerms":"guest","hwRegisteredUser":"no","hwHasFullTextAccess":"no","hwEntitled":"no","mail":"e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"},"content":{"hwIssueDate":"2025-05-01","hwIssueDateTime":"2025-05-01 00:00:00","hwPublicationDate":"2025-04-08","hwPublicationDateTime":"2025-04-08 07:42:04","hwDOI":"","hwAuthors":"","hwContributors":"","hwIsEarlyRelease":"no","hwEissn":"2041-4145","hwPissn":"2041-4137","hwVolume":"16","hwIssue":"3","hwArticleType":"","hwTabView":"main_tab","hwViewType":"","hwAccessType":"Paywall","hwOpenAccess":"no","hwFreeAccess":"no","hwTaxonomy":"","hwCorpusCode":"flgastro","hwType":"issue","hwSubtitle":null,"hwOverline":"","hwPisaId":"flgastro;16/3","hwFirstPage":"e2","hwLastPage":"264","hwIsLatestVersion":"na","hwIsCurrentIssue":"yes","hwIsOpenIssue":"no","hwHasFullText":"no","hwHasPDF":"no","hwParentTitle":"16","hwElectronicPubDate":"2025-04-08","hwElectronicPubDateTime":"2025-04-08 07:42:04"}}); //--><!]]></script> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fg.bmj.com/content/16/3" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/pdf" title="Table of Contents (PDF)" href="/content/16/3.toc.pdf" /> <meta name="issue_cover_image" content="https://fg.bmj.com/sites/default/files/highwire/flgastro/16/3.cover-source.jpg" /> <meta name="type" content="issue" /> <meta name="HW.identifier" content="/flgastro/16/3.atom" /> <meta name="HW.pisa" content="flgastro;16/3" /> <meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" /> <meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /> <meta name="DC.Title" content="Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (3)" /> <meta name="DC.Date" content="2025-05-01" /> <meta name="DC.Publisher" content="British Medical Journal Publishing Group" /> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Frontline Gastroenterology" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="British Medical Journal Publishing Group" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (3)" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2025/05/01" /> <meta name="citation_mjid" content="flgastro;16/3" /> <meta name="citation_id" content="16/3" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="2041-4137" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="2041-4145" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="16" /> <meta name="citation_issue" content="3" /> <meta name="citation_image" content="https://fg.bmj.com/sites/default/files/highwire/flgastro/16/3.cover-source.jpg" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (3)" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://fg.bmj.com/sites/default/files/highwire/flgastro/16/3.cover-source.jpg" /> <meta name="og-title" property="og:title" content="Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (3)" /> <meta name="og-url" property="og:url" content="https://fg.bmj.com/content/16/3" /> <meta name="og-site-name" property="og:site_name" content="Frontline Gastroenterology" /> <meta name="og-description" property="og:description" content="" /> <meta name="og-image" property="og:image" content="https://fg.bmj.com/sites/default/files/highwire/flgastro/16/3.cover-source.jpg" /> <title>Current Issue | Frontline Gastroenterology</title> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/default/files/advagg_css/css__yXVzDRtEcCAx-v5TPolOWefbcnR45Ezk079LcCYOvMg__Yzm_ybMJTFDMBhKtgUsIdOzj6T_1YVEaOU43yzBY-IY__x_QNQrfTUmeCQqup2aEQpzvzYdP44o29geKR0OyfJ-s.css" media="all" />  <script src="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charset="UTF-8" data-domain-script="565e50dd-f6e9-46d6-91cd-5c40a270264f"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function OnetrustAdsConsent(){ if(googletag.apiReady){ //console.log("GoogleTag API ready") googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); if(OptanonActiveGroups.match(/,4,/)){ googletag.pubads().setRequestNonPersonalizedAds(0); //googletag.pubads().refresh(); } else{ googletag.pubads().setRequestNonPersonalizedAds(1); googletag.pubads().refresh(); } } else{ OnetrustAdsConsent(); } } function OptanonWrapper() { OnetrustAdsConsent(); } </script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__DdxPgqGimsdUot2QWNz_pGsHzqNGpx6RMCWHpL8YWkg__c6zfK6oHHbLpTal5PdQxeQI3xGoCM8IXWtEHwIZr560__x_QNQrfTUmeCQqup2aEQpzvzYdP44o29geKR0OyfJ-s.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__SZ9qvJZxOyku8W-8VC-xq76GSkRC3VQcqjSkl0218j4__0oNHL-4DQKU2EPQEGBU8B0FDsy0g74I7RgeNQ6RwJko__x_QNQrfTUmeCQqup2aEQpzvzYdP44o29geKR0OyfJ-s.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer="defer" async="async" src="//cdn.foxycart.com/bmjpg.ecommerce.highwire.org/loader.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script>   <script> let cookies = parseCookies(); let bmj_uuid = cookies.bmj_uuid; let bmj_ppid = cookies.bmj_ppid; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; const anonMailId = 'e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855'; function checkUserLoginStatus(dataLayer) { const userMail = dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.mail; if (!userMail) { return false; } return userMail !== anonMailId; } let nonAnonMailId = ((dataLayer.find(item => item.user)?.user)?.mail) === anonMailId ? null : (dataLayer.find(item => item.user)?.user)?.mail; let userId = ((dataLayer.find(item => item.user)?.user)?.['data-ics']) ?? ((dataLayer.find(item => item.user)?.user)?.mail && nonAnonMailId) ?? bmj_ppid ?? bmj_uuid; document.cookie = 'bmj_ppid=' + userId + '; domain=.bmj.com; path=/; max-age=31622400; SameSite=None; Secure'; googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().setPublisherProvidedId(userId); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("islogged", checkUserLoginStatus(dataLayer) ? "true" : "false"); googletag.enableServices(); }); window.dataLayer.push({ 'bmj_uuid': bmj_uuid }); </script> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-node page-node- page-node-147465 node-type-highwire-issue">  <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5CHGM4" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];var j=d.createElement(s);var dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;j.type='text/javascript';j.async=true;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5CHGM4');</script>  <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="page" id="page"> <section class="container-fluid content-header"> <header role="banner" class="section section-header row"> <div class="zone zone-superheader"> <div class="region region-superheader"> <div class="region-inner region-superheader-inner"> <div class="region region-superheader"> <div id="block-panels-mini-jnl-template-bmjj-uid-strng" class="block block-panels-mini" class="block block-panels-mini"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_template_bmjj_uid_strng"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-dfp-pane" > <div class="pane-content"> <div id="dfp-ad-top-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"> <div id="dfp-ad-top" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("dfp-ad-top"); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-info mobile-hidden"> </div> <div class="zone zone-header row mobile-hidden"> <div class="region region-header"> <div class="region-inner region-header-inner"> </div> </div> </div> </header>  <section class="row visible-sm visible-md visible-lg header header-platform mobile-hidden"> <div class="col-narrow-3 col-normal-3 col-large-3 logo-bmj"> <div class="l-inline"> <p class="logo-bmj-journals"><a href="http://journals.bmj.com/" title="BMJ Journals"><img src="/sites/default/themes/bmjj/img/logos/logo-bmj-journals.svg" title="BMJ Journals" alt="BMJ Journals"/></a></p> </div> </div> <div class="col-narrow-9 col-normal-9 col-large-9 no-right-padding"> <div class="region region-top"> <div class="region-inner"> <div class="region region-platmenu"> <div id="block-menu-menu-platform-menu" class="block block-menu" class="block block-menu"> <div class="content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/subscribe" data-hide-link-title="0" class="header-subscribe-link" data-icon-position="">Subscribe</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/" id="menu-login" class="drop-menu link-icon-right link-icon"><span class="title">Log In</span> <span class="icon icon-arrow-down"></span></a> <a href="# " class="menu-attach-block-drop-link external expand-on-click" data-block-id="panels_mini|challenge_opportunity_pane_dropdown" id="<front>-drop-link-728" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">More</a><div class="menu-attach-block-wrapper"> <div id="block-panels-mini-challenge-opportunity-pane-dropdown" class="block block-panels-mini article-login bmjj-login" class="block block-panels-mini"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-challenge_opportunity_pane_dropdown"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-bmjj-society-logins society-logins" > <div class="pane-content"> <span class="ui-button ui-state-default ui-dialog-titlebar-close" title="close"></span><div class="shib-login-link"><a href="/login/shibboleth?subcode=bmjjournals&env=prod&uri=https%3A//fg.bmj.com/accallback/content%25252F16%25252F3" class="button society-login-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in via Institution</a></div><div class="openathens-login-link"><a href="https://openathens-sp.highwire.org/session/init?entityID=https%3A//idp.eduserv.org.uk/openathens&hw-shib-return-uri=https%3A//fg.bmj.com/accallback/content%25252F16%25252F3&subcode=bmjjournals" class="button society-login-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in via OpenAthens</a></div><a href="https://www.bsg.org.uk/login.html" class="button society-login-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in via BSG</a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-opportunity-challenge" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class='opportunity-challenge-login'><h3>Log in using your username and password</h3><div class="drupal-login compact"><form action="/content/16/3?current-issue=y" method="post" id="highwire-user-login--2" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div id="edit-customtext--2" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item"> <span class="customtext">For personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts</span> </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-textfield form-item-name"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-name--2">Username <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input placeholder="Username" type="text" id="edit-name--2" name="name" value="" size="30" maxlength="60" class="form-text required" /> </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-password form-item-pass"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-pass--2">Password <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input placeholder="Password" type="password" id="edit-pass--2" name="pass" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text required" /> </div> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-qwOXaQbUiBfyOZo0EpTKC3w-i4SBOjMto_-evWdT0oM" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_user_login" /> <div class="bmjj-reset-password"><a href="/user/password" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Forgot your log in details?</a><a href="/user/register?destination=node/147465%3Fcurrent-issue%3Dy" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Register a new account?</a></div><div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions--2"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit--2" name="op" value="Log in" class="form-submit" /></div><div class="reset-password"><a href="/user/password" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Forgot</a> your user name or password?</div></div></form></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/cart" class="link-icon-right link-icon"><span class="title">Basket</span> <span class="icon icon-basket"></span></a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/search" id="menu-search" class="drop-menu link-icon-right link-icon"><span class="title">Search</span> <span class="icon icon-search"></span></a> <a href="# " class="menu-attach-block-drop-link external expand-on-click" data-block-id="panels_mini|jnl_template_bmjj_search_box" id="search-drop-link-729" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">More</a><div class="menu-attach-block-wrapper"> <div id="block-panels-mini-jnl-template-bmjj-search-box" class="block block-panels-mini" class="block block-panels-mini"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display one-layout " id="mini-panel-jnl_template_bmjj_search_box-1"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-seach-quicksearch block-search pull-left" > <div class="pane-content"> <form class="highwire-quicksearch button-style-mini button-style-mini" action="/content/16/3?current-issue=y" method="post" id="highwire-search-quicksearch-form-1" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-textfield form-item-keywords"> <label class="element-invisible" for="search_rightsidebar_keywords_200985282">Search for this keyword </label> <input placeholder="search" type="text" id="search_rightsidebar_keywords_200985282" name="keywords" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> </div> <input data-icon-only="1" data-font-icon="icon-search" data-icon-position="after" type="submit" id="search_rightsidebar_submit_1455367246" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit" /><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-4wmZDKy9PlOinORQXOf_byUgJZ4PB0592kl7MhsOp5A" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_search_quicksearch_form_1" /> </div></form> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-3 pull-right advanced-search-link" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/search">Advanced search</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="row header header-journal"> <div class="col-mobile-7 col-narrow-2 col-normal-4 logo-journal"> <a href="/"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/journal-logos/logo-fg.svg" alt="Frontline Gastroenterology" id="logo-img"></a> </div> <div class="col-mobile-5 col-narrow-10 col-normal-8 no-right-padding nav-journal"> <div class="region region-journmenu"> <div id="block-system-main-menu" class="block block-system mobile-hidden block-menu" class="block block-system mobile-hidden block-menu"> <div class="content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="http://gut.bmj.com/pages/education-in-gastroenterology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">CME/CPD</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/content/early/recent" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Latest content</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/content/current" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Current issue</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/content/by/year" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Archive</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://fg.bmj.com/pages/authors/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Authors</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://fg.bmj.com/pages/about/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">About</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="block-panels-mini-mobile-slide-out-menu" class="block block-panels-mini mobile-only" class="block block-panels-mini mobile-only"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-mobile_slide_out_menu"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div id="" class="highwire-responsive-toggle-group"><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-template-bmjj-search-box" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span class="icon-search"></span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-display one-layout " id="mini-panel-jnl_template_bmjj_search_box"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-seach-quicksearch block-search pull-left" > <div class="pane-content"> <form class="highwire-quicksearch button-style-mini button-style-mini" action="/content/16/3?current-issue=y" method="post" id="highwire-search-quicksearch-form-0" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-textfield form-item-keywords"> <label class="element-invisible" for="search_rightsidebar_keywords_411498065">Search for this keyword </label> <input placeholder="search" type="text" id="search_rightsidebar_keywords_411498065" name="keywords" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text" /> </div> <input data-icon-only="1" data-font-icon="icon-search" data-icon-position="after" type="submit" id="search_rightsidebar_submit_894959448" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit" /><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form--MXf-DU6Eu8Iz8RbgFKGxY56_FIYsWBPqzuHWfHemmk" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_search_quicksearch_form_0" /> </div></form> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-2 pull-right advanced-search-link" > <div class="pane-content"> <a href="/search">Advanced search</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-menu-mobile-slideout-menu pane-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title"><span class="icon-menu"></span></h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/" class="menu-close link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-close"></span> <span class="title element-invisible">Close</span></a> <a href="# " class="menu-attach-block-drop-link external expand-on-click" data-block-id="panels_mini|mobile_slide_out_autobot_menu" id="<front>-drop-link-781" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">More</a><div class="menu-attach-block-wrapper"> <div id="block-panels-mini-mobile-slide-out-autobot-menu" class="block block-panels-mini" class="block block-panels-mini"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display one-layout " id="mini-panel-mobile_slide_out_autobot_menu"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-menu-tree pane-main-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title">Main menu</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-ctools-main-menu-1 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-main-menu:0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15711"><a href="http://gut.bmj.com/pages/education-in-gastroenterology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">CME/CPD</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15712"><a href="/content/early/recent" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Latest content</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15713"><a href="/content/current" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Current issue</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15714"><a href="/content/by/year" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Archive</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15715"><a href="https://fg.bmj.com/pages/authors/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Authors</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-15716"><a href="https://fg.bmj.com/pages/about/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">About</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/subscribe" data-hide-link-title="0" class="callout-link" data-icon-position="">Subscribe</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/" class="mobile-drop-down callout-link link-icon-right link-icon"><span class="title">Log in</span> <span class="icon icon-plus"></span></a> <a href="# " class="menu-attach-block-drop-link external expand-on-click" data-block-id="panels_mini|jnl_template_bmjj_login" id="<front>-drop-link-780" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">More</a><div class="menu-attach-block-wrapper"> <div id="block-panels-mini-jnl-template-bmjj-login" class="block block-panels-mini" class="block block-panels-mini"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-jnl_template_bmjj_login"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-bmjj-society-logins society-logins opportunity-challenge-login" > <div class="pane-content"> <span class="ui-button ui-state-default ui-dialog-titlebar-close" title="close"></span><div class="shib-login-link"><a href="/login/shibboleth?subcode=bmjjournals&env=prod&uri=https%3A//fg.bmj.com/accallback/content%25252F16%25252F3" class="button society-login-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in via Institution</a></div><div class="openathens-login-link"><a href="https://openathens-sp.highwire.org/session/init?entityID=https%3A//idp.eduserv.org.uk/openathens&hw-shib-return-uri=https%3A//fg.bmj.com/accallback/content%25252F16%25252F3&subcode=bmjjournals" class="button society-login-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in via OpenAthens</a></div><a href="https://www.bsg.org.uk/login.html" class="button society-login-link" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Log in via BSG</a> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-opportunity-challenge" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class='opportunity-challenge-login'><h3>Log in using your username and password</h3><div class="drupal-login compact"><form action="/content/16/3?current-issue=y" method="post" id="highwire-user-login" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div id="edit-customtext" class="form-item form-item-label-before form-type-item"> <span class="customtext">For personal accounts OR managers of institutional accounts</span> </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-textfield form-item-name"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-name">Username <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input placeholder="Username" type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="30" maxlength="60" class="form-text required" /> </div> <div class="form-item form-item-label-invisible form-type-password form-item-pass"> <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-pass">Password <span class="form-required" title="This field is required.">*</span></label> <input placeholder="Password" type="password" id="edit-pass" name="pass" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text required" /> </div> <input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-gpH6K6I1WpvCHoKDgMP0NIUVfOnVhbeSlA5R1_5L10k" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_user_login" /> <div class="bmjj-reset-password"><a href="/user/password" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Forgot your log in details?</a><a href="/user/register?destination=node/147465%3Fcurrent-issue%3Dy" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Register a new account?</a></div><div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Log in" class="form-submit" /></div><div class="reset-password"><a href="/user/password" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Forgot</a> your user name or password?</div></div></form></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="http://journals.bmj.com/" data-hide-link-title="0" class="bmj-link" data-icon-position="">BMJ Journals</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section role="main" class="section section-content container-fluid"> <div class="crumb-navigation"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-mobile-12 col-narrow-9 col-normal-9 col-wide-10 breadcrumbs"> <h2 class="element-invisible">You are here</h2><div class="item-list"><ul class="breadcrumb"><li class="first"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Home</a></li> <li>Current Issue</li> <li class="last"><span class="active">Current Issue</span></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="mobile-hidden col-narrow-3 col-normal-3 col-wide-2 email-alerts"> <span> <a href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts&corpusCode=flgastro&fwdUrl=https://fg.bmj.com/" class="email-alerts-label"><i class="icon icon-article-alerts"></i>Email alerts</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="zone zone-content row"> <div class="region region-content col-narrow-12"> <div class="region-inner region-content-inner"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display two-layout " > <div class="panel-row-wrapper panel-row-first row"> <div class="top-wrapper col-narrow-12"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-top"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-page-title col-normal-push-2 col-narrow-push-2" > <div class="pane-content"> <h1 id="page-title">Current Issue</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="panel-row-wrapper row relative" id="toc-top"> <div class="left-wrapper col-narrow-2 col-normal-2 col-mobile-6"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-left"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-node-pager toc-issue-pager toc-issue-pager-prev" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="pager highwire-pager pager-mini clearfix highwire-node-pager highwire-issue-pager"><span class="pager-prev"><a href="/content/16/2" title="Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (2)" rel="prev" class="pager-link-prev link-icon"><span class="icon icon-arrow-left"></span> <span class="title">Prev issue</span></a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-narrow-2 col-normal-2 col-mobile-6 pull-right"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-right"> <div class="inside" id="back-top-inner"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-node-pager pull-right toc-issue-pager toc-issue-pager-next" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="pager highwire-pager pager-mini clearfix highwire-node-pager highwire-issue-pager"><span class="pager-prev"><a href="/content/16/2" title="Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (2)" rel="prev" class="pager-link-prev link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon "></span></a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right-wrapper col-narrow-8 col-normal-8 col-mobile-12 toc-pane"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-main"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-1 pane-page-title-suffix" > <div class="pane-content"> <h3>May 2025 - Volume 16 - 3</h3> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-jnl-template-bmjj-iss-issue pane-style-alt-content" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-display two-layout " id="mini-panel-jnl_template_bmjj_iss_issue"> <div class="panel-row-wrapper row"> <div class="left-wrapper col-mobile-4 col-narrow-3 col-normal-2"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-left"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-issue-cover" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class = "cover-issue"><div class = "cover-issue-image"><a href="/content/16/3.cover-expansion" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><img src="https://fg.bmj.com/sites/default/files/styles/medium/public/highwire/flgastro/16/3.cover-source.jpg?itok=U19XQZnj" alt="Frontline Gastroenterology: 16 (3)" /></a></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right-wrapper col-mobile-8 col-narrow-9 col-normal-10"> <div class="panel-panel panel-region-right"> <div class="inside"><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-toc-sections" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-list-wrapper highwire-toc-sections-nav"><div class="highwire-list"><ul><li class="first odd"><a href="/content/16/3#Highlightsfromthisissue" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Highlights from this issue</a></li><li class="even"><a href="/content/16/3#Leadingarticle" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Leading article</a></li><li class="odd"><a href="/content/16/3#Originalresearch" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Original research</a></li><li class="even"><a href="/content/16/3#Reviews" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Reviews</a></li><li class="odd"><a href="/content/16/3#Educationinpractice" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Education in practice</a></li><li class="even"><a href="/content/16/3#Casereport" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Case report</a></li><li class="odd"><a href="/content/16/3#Images" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Images</a></li><li class="even"><a href="/content/16/3#Insideview" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Inside view</a></li><li class="last odd"><a href="/content/16/3#Electronicpage" class="active" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Electronic page</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-markup" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="highwire-markup"><div class="issue-toc"><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-highlights-from-this-issue"><h2 id="Highlightsfromthisissue" class="toc-heading highlights-from-this-issue">Highlights from this issue</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147479" data-node-nid="147479" id="node-147479--21745655353" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/179" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2025-103158" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/179.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/179" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">UpFront</span></a> (8 April, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2025-103158" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/179.atom" data-request-view="full"><span class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-user-access user-access bmjj-free bmjj-free-access bmjj-access-tag" title="You have access">Free</span></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Philip J</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Smith</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-leading-article"><h2 id="Leadingarticle" class="toc-heading leading-article">Leading article</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147468" data-node-nid="147468" id="node-147468--2948915504" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/181" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102700" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/181.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/181" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Leading article: Advantages and limitations of faecal immunochemical testing in colorectal cancer</span></a> (4 February, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102700" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/181.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Subashini</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Chandrapalan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Ramesh</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Arasaradnam</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-original-research"><h2 id="Originalresearch" class="toc-heading original-research">Original research</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147475" data-node-nid="147475" id="node-147475--21827854462" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/188" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102846" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/188.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/188" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Original research: Future career in gastroenterology: how is it perceived by internal medicine trainees? Results from a national survey</span></a> (9 December, 2024) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><svg class="icon icon-open-access bmjj-open-access bmjj-access-tag"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-openaccess"></use><svg></svg></svg></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Umair</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Akbani</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Gaurav B</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Nigam</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Dipesh Harshvadan</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Vasant</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li><li class="even toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147470" data-node-nid="147470" id="node-147470--21299073621" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/195" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102814" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/195.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/195" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Original research: Assessing the state of polypectomy practice: are we ready for the new colonoscopy training pathway?</span></a> (9 December, 2024) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102814" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/195.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Melissa</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Rankin</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Scott</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Hambleton</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Edmund</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Derbyshire</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">Paul</span> <span class="nlm-surname">O'Toole</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">Grahame</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Smith</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li><li class="odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147477" data-node-nid="147477" id="node-147477--2920565919" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/202" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102802" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/202.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/202" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Original research: Nabilone for the treatment of gastrointestinal dystonia for children and young people with severe neurodisabilities: a single-centre case series</span></a> (12 December, 2024) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102802" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/202.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Michelle</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Brooks</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Joseph</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Symonds</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Rebecca</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Poole</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">Simon</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Fraser</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">Sarah</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bremner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">Diana</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Flynn</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">James</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Andrews</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="7"><span class="nlm-given-names">Gregor</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Walker</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="8"><span class="nlm-given-names">Katharine</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Forrest</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="9"><span class="nlm-given-names">Valerie</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Orr</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="10"><span class="nlm-given-names">Andrew R</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Barclay</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li><li class="even toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147469" data-node-nid="147469" id="node-147469--2839905380" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/208" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102892" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/208.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/208" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Original research: Financial barriers to participation in international gastroenterology conferences: a cross-sectional analysis of registration fees</span></a> (31 January, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102892" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/208.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Arkadeep</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Dhali</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Rick</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Maity</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Sautam</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Bhattacharya</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">Jyotirmoy</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Biswas</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">David Surendran</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Sanders</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li><li class="last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147478" data-node-nid="147478" id="node-147478--21055284957" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/214" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102689" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/214.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/214" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Original research: Real-world data on the use of teduglutide in a UK cohort: 4-year experience of a single centre</span></a> (7 January, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102689" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/214.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Phil</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Stevens</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Rebecca</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Turner</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Graeme</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Doherty</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">Dawn</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Jordan</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">Fiona</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Leitch</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">Linda</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Murray</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="6"><span class="nlm-given-names">John</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Wadsworth</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-reviews"><h2 id="Reviews" class="toc-heading reviews">Reviews</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147476" data-node-nid="147476" id="node-147476--21971284538" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/227" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102830" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/227.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/227" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Review: Landscape of anti-IL-23 therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: recent advances</span></a> (16 January, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102830" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/227.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Michael</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Colwill</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Jennifer</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Clough</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Samantha</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Baillie</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="3"><span class="nlm-given-names">Kamal</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Patel</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="4"><span class="nlm-given-names">Laurent</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Peyrin-Biroulet</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="5"><span class="nlm-given-names">Sailish</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Honap</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li><li class="last even toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147473" data-node-nid="147473" id="node-147473--2407766853" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/239" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102856" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/239.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/239" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Review: Role of anti-diabetic medications in the management of MASLD<img src="/sites/default/modules/jnl_template_bmjj/plugins/content_types/images/editors-choice.svg" alt="Editor's Choice" class="bmjj-access-tag editors-choice bmjj-editors-choice"></span></a> (19 February, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102856" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/239.atom" data-request-view="full"><span class="highwire-access-icon highwire-access-icon-user-access user-access bmjj-free bmjj-free-access bmjj-access-tag" title="You have access">Free</span></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Scott D</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Isaacs</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Fiona V</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Farrelly</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Paul N</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Brennan</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-education-in-practice"><h2 id="Educationinpractice" class="toc-heading education-in-practice">Education in practice</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147474" data-node-nid="147474" id="node-147474--211964378" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/250" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102704" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/250.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/250" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Education in practice: Oesophageal pH testing: everything you wanted to know but were too afraid to ask</span></a> (31 December, 2024) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102704" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/250.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Benjamin Charles</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Norton</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Natalia</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zarate-Lopez</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-case-report"><h2 id="Casereport" class="toc-heading case-report">Case report</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147466" data-node-nid="147466" id="node-147466--21105826374" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/258" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102957" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/258.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/258" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Case report: Painful skin lesions in a patient with Crohn鈥檚 disease</span></a> (9 January, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102957" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/258.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Antonia</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Gillmeister</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Renate</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Schmelz</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Sebastian</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Zeissig</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-images"><h2 id="Images" class="toc-heading images">Images</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147471" data-node-nid="147471" id="node-147471--22056344635" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/261" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102742" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/261.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/261" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Images: Delayed colonic perforation secondary to cold snare polypectomy</span></a> (26 June, 2024) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102742" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/261.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Jan</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kubovy</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Matthew</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Drake</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Rajan N</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Patel</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-inside-view"><h2 id="Insideview" class="toc-heading inside-view">Inside view</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147480" data-node-nid="147480" id="node-147480--21235917279" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/263" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102871" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/263.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/263" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Inside view: An unusual case of abdominal pain</span></a> (29 October, 2024) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access highwire-citation-access-check" data-pisa-id="flgastro;flgastro-2024-102871" data-atom-uri="/flgastro/16/3/263.atom" data-request-view="full"></span></span> <div class="highwire-cite-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-authors"><span class="highwire-citation-author first" data-delta="0"><span class="nlm-given-names">Giorgi</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Kiladze</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="1"><span class="nlm-given-names">Carrie-Anne</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Lee</span></span>, <span class="highwire-citation-author" data-delta="2"><span class="nlm-given-names">Christopher J</span> <span class="nlm-surname">Black</span></span></span></div> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div><div class="issue-toc-section issue-toc-section-electronic-page"><h2 id="Electronicpage" class="toc-heading electronic-page">Electronic page</h2><ul class="toc-section"><li class="first last odd toc-item"><div class="toc-citation"><div class="highwire-article-citation highwire-citation-type-highwire-article node147472" data-node-nid="147472" id="node-147472--2443366931" data-pisa="flgastro;16/3/e2" data-pisa-master="flgastro;flgastro-2023-102554corr1" data-apath="/flgastro/16/3/e2.atom"><div class="highwire-cite highwire-cite-highwire-article highwire-citation-bmjj-toc clearfix"> <a href="/content/16/3/e2" class="highwire-cite-linked-title" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0"><span class="highwire-cite-title">Correction: Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of amoebiasis</span></a> (8 April, 2025) <span class="highwire-cite-access"><span class="highwire-citation-access"><svg class="icon icon-open-access bmjj-open-access bmjj-access-tag"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-openaccess"></use><svg></svg></svg></span></span> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-highwire-variant-list" id="issue-information"> <h2 class="pane-title">Issue Information</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="links variants-list inline"><li class="tocpdf first"><a href="/content/16/3.toc.pdf" class="highwire-variant-link variant-tocpdf " title="Table of Contents (PDF)" rel="alternate" type="application/pdf" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Table of Contents (PDF) </a></li> <li class="cover-expansion"><a href="/content/16/3.cover-expansion" class="highwire-variant-link variant-cover-expansion " title="Front Cover" rel="alternate" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Front Cover </a></li> <li class="enclosure-Editorial Board last"><a href="/content/flgastro/16/3/local/ed-board.pdf" class="highwire-variant-link variant-enclosure" title="Editorial Board (PDF)" rel="alternative" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Editorial Board (PDF)</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-bmjj-modal-cover-expansion" > <div class="pane-content"> <div id="cover-expansion-loaded" title="Cover image"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section>  </div>  <footer role="contentinfo" class="section section-footer container-fluid" id="footer"> <section class="zone zone-footer row footer-journal-societies"> <div class="region region-footer col-narrow-12"> <div class="region-inner region-footer-inner"> <div class="region region-footersoc"> <div id="block-panels-mini-footer-society-images" class="block block-panels-mini" class="block block-panels-mini"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-footer_society_images"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-bmjj-societies-logos" > <div class="pane-content"> <ul><li><a href="http://www.bsg.org.uk/"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/society-logos/society-logo-bsg.png" alt="British Society of Gastroenterology" /></a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section role="contentinfo" class="section section-footer"> <div class="zone zone-footer footer-links"> <nav class="row"> <div class="region region-footerlinks1"> <div id="block-menu-block-1" class="block block-menu-block" class="block block-menu-block"> <div class="content"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-1 menu-name-menu-footer-menu-1 parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first expanded menu-mlid-15717 col-mobile-12 col-narrow-3 col-normal-3 col-wide-3"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Content</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15718"><a href="/content/early/recent" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Latest content</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15719"><a href="/content/current" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Current issue</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15720"><a href="/content/by/year" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Archive</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15721"><a href="http://gut.bmj.com/pages/education-in-gastroenterology" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Education in Gastroenterology</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15722"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/browse-by-topic/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Browse by collection</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15723"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/most-read-articles/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Most read articles</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-15724"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/eletters" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Responses</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-15725 col-mobile-12 col-narrow-3 col-normal-3 col-wide-3"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Journal</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15726"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/about/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">About</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15727"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/editorial-board/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Editorial board</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15728"><a href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts&corpusCode=flgastro&fwdUrl=https://fg.bmj.com/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Sign up for email alerts</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15729"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/subscribe/" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Subscribe</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-15730"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/thank-you-to-our-reviewers/" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Thank you to our reviewers</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-15731 col-mobile-12 col-narrow-3 col-normal-3 col-wide-3"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Authors</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15732"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/authors/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Instructions for authors</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15733"><a href="http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/fg" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Submit an article</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15734"><a href="http://authors.bmj.com/policies/" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Editorial policies</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15735"><a href="http://openaccess.bmj.com/" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Open Access at BMJ</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-15736"><a href="http://authors.bmj.com/" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">BMJ Author Hub</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last expanded menu-mlid-15737 col-mobile-12 col-narrow-3 col-normal-3 col-wide-3"><a href="/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Help</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15738"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/contact-us/" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Contact us</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15739"><a href="http://journals.bmj.com/cgi/reprintform" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Reprints</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15740"><a href="http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/permissions" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Permissions</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-15741"><a href="https://www.bmj.com/company/for-advertisers-and-sponsor/" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Advertising</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-15742"><a href="http://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/customerservice/salesforce-form.html" target="_blank" class="" data-icon-position="" data-hide-link-title="0">Feedback form</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="row"> <nav class="col-mobile-12 col-narrow-3 col-normal-3 col-wide-3"> <div class="region region-footersocial"> <div id="block-panels-mini-social-icons" class="block block-panels-mini" class="block block-panels-mini"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display panel-1col clearfix" id="mini-panel-social_icons"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-bmjj-social-icons" > <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="menu"><li class="leaf"><a href="http://fg.bmj.com/pages/rss-feeds" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-rss"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> RSS</span></a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="http://twitter.com/FrontGastro_BMJ" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-twitter"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> Twitter</span></a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="http://facebook.com/Frontline.Gastro" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-facebook"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> Facebook</span></a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/frontgastro_bmj/" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon icon-instagram"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> Instagram</span></a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="http://blogs.bmj.com/fg/" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-blog"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> Blog</span></a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://fgbmj.podbean.com/" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-soundcloud"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> Soundcloud</span></a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/gastroenterology-at-bmj/" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-linkedin2"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> Linkedin</span></a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@GastroenterologyatBMJ-z9e" class="link-icon-only link-icon"><span class="icon icon-youtube"></span><span class="title element-invisible"> YouTube</span></a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </section> <section class="row footer-platform"> <div class="col-mobile-12 col-narrow-4 logoBMJ"> <a href="http://www.bmj.com/company"><svg class="logo-bmj-svg" aria-hidden="true"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#logo-bmj"></use><svg></svg></svg></a> </div> <div class="col-mobile-12 col-narrow-8 legal"> <div class="legal-inner"> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/">Website Terms & Conditions</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.bmj.com/company/your-privacy/">Privacy & Cookies</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.bmj.com/company/contact-us/">Contact BMJ</a></li> </ul>  <button id="ot-sdk-btn" class="ot-sdk-show-settings">Cookie Settings</button>  <p><small><span class="online-issn issn">Online ISSN: 2041-4145</span><span class="print-issn issn">Print ISSN: 2041-4137</span></small><br /> <small>Copyright 漏 2025 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Society of Gastroenterology. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.</small></p> </div> </div> </section> <div class="region region-absolute-bottom"> <div class="region-inner region-absolute-bottom-inner"> <div class="region region-absolute-bottom"> <div id="block-panels-mini-bottom-ad" class="block block-panels-mini text-center" class="block block-panels-mini text-center"> <div class="content"> <div class="panel-display one-layout " id="mini-panel-bottom_ad"> <div class="panel-panel panel-col"> <div><div class="panel-pane pane-dfp-pane" > <div class="pane-content"> <div id="dfp-ad-bottom-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"> <div id="dfp-ad-bottom" class="dfp-tag-wrapper"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("dfp-ad-bottom"); }); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__YP0skVzPJ9dKCqcnBr_uNCQOmTtCs151ae6sjES8kuE__m5Ong1RMpDawRuee_CcynJS11qwEmd3rA4TYQhs8HP4__x_QNQrfTUmeCQqup2aEQpzvzYdP44o29geKR0OyfJ-s.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__Jd5dsvNznZMdglFu8sSni1wCsUfzvQbApHPAZwt5TY4__65Mqa1DMRwcSvPxjJEn6BXgMm-ckF3oOvkUTG9HRADI__x_QNQrfTUmeCQqup2aEQpzvzYdP44o29geKR0OyfJ-s.js" defer="defer"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/default/files/advagg_js/js__fUCEaCKUODF5P2WmzGzo1laxaEQ82Nl6oADDw5nONTE__bGuvhZW_EmWlwuA1fnxwF8mvZ1E1v3qbDTqQdQd0TS0__x_QNQrfTUmeCQqup2aEQpzvzYdP44o29geKR0OyfJ-s.js"></script> </body> </html>