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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ensaluti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paĝoj por elsalutitaj redaktistoj <a href="/wiki/Helpo:Enkonduko" aria-label="Lernu pli pri redaktado"><span>Lernu pli</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Miaj_kontribuoj" title="Listo de redaktoj faritaj el ĉi tiu IPa adreso [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuoj</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Mia_diskutpa%C4%9Do" title="Diskuto pri redaktoj sub tiu ĉi IP adreso [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Retejo"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Enhavo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Enhavo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Komenco</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Estiĝo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estiĝo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Estiĝo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estiĝo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konstitucio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konstitucio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Konstitucio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konstitucio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidu_ankaŭ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidu_ankaŭ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vidu ankaŭ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidu_ankaŭ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Enhavo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nordgermana Federacio</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 60 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norddeutscher_Bund" title="Norddeutscher Bund — svisgermana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Norddeutscher Bund" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="svisgermana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%BEgermanisca_A%C3%BEgebeorscipe" title="Norþgermanisca Aþgebeorscipe — Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Norþgermanisca Aþgebeorscipe" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الاتحاد الألماني الشمالي — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الاتحاد الألماني الشمالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederaci%C3%B3n_Alemana_del_Norte" title="Confederación Alemana del Norte — asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Confederación Alemana del Norte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eimali_Alman_%C4%B0ttifaq%C4%B1" title="Şimali Alman İttifaqı — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şimali Alman İttifaqı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D9%81%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88" title="قوزئی آلمان کونفدراسیونو — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قوزئی آلمان کونفدراسیونو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Паўночнагерманскі саюз — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўночнагерманскі саюз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Северногермански съюз — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Северногермански съюз" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kengevread_Hanternoz_Alamagn" title="Kengevread Hanternoz Alamagn — bretona" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kengevread Hanternoz Alamagn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederaci%C3%B3_Alemanya_del_Nord" title="Confederació Alemanya del Nord — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Confederació Alemanya del Nord" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severon%C4%9Bmeck%C3%BD_spolek" title="Severoněmecký spolek — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Severoněmecký spolek" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_nordtyske_forbund" title="Det nordtyske forbund — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Det nordtyske forbund" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norddeutscher_Bund" title="Norddeutscher Bund — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Norddeutscher Bund" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Βόρεια Γερμανική Συνομοσπονδία — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βόρεια Γερμανική Συνομοσπονδία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_German_Confederation" title="North German Confederation — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="North German Confederation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederaci%C3%B3n_Alemana_del_Norte" title="Confederación Alemana del Norte — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Confederación Alemana del Norte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B5hja-Saksa_Liit" title="Põhja-Saksa Liit — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Põhja-Saksa Liit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iparraldeko_Alemaniar_Konfederazioa" title="Iparraldeko Alemaniar Konfederazioa — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Iparraldeko Alemaniar Konfederazioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%81%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="کنفدراسیون آلمان شمالی — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کنفدراسیون آلمان شمالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohjois-Saksan_liitto" title="Pohjois-Saksan liitto — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pohjois-Saksan liitto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conf%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_de_l%27Allemagne_du_Nord" title="Confédération de l'Allemagne du Nord — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Confédération de l'Allemagne du Nord" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuurdtjiisk_Bund" title="Nuurdtjiisk Bund — nord-frisa" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nuurdtjiisk Bund" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nord-frisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederaci%C3%B3n_Alem%C3%A1_do_Norte" title="Confederación Alemá do Norte — galega" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Confederación Alemá do Norte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F-%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הקונפדרציה הצפון-גרמנית — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הקונפדרציה הצפון-גרמנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjevernonjema%C4%8Dka_konfederacija" title="Sjevernonjemačka konfederacija — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sjevernonjemačka konfederacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89szakn%C3%A9met_Sz%C3%B6vets%C3%A9g" title="Északnémet Szövetség — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Északnémet Szövetség" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konfederasi_Jerman_Utara" title="Konfederasi Jerman Utara — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konfederasi Jerman Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%B0ur-%C3%BE%C3%BDska_r%C3%ADkjasambandi%C3%B0" title="Norður-þýska ríkjasambandið — islanda" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Norður-þýska ríkjasambandið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederazione_Tedesca_del_Nord" title="Confederazione Tedesca del Nord — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Confederazione Tedesca del Nord" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E9%80%A3%E9%82%A6" title="北ドイツ連邦 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="北ドイツ連邦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%97_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ჩრდილოეთ გერმანიის კავშირი — kartvela" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩრდილოეთ გერმანიის კავშირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="kartvela" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Солтүстік Германия Конфедерациясы — kazaĥa" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Солтүстік Германия Конфедерациясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%81%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC_%EC%97%B0%EB%B0%A9" title="북독일 연방 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="북독일 연방" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foederatio_Germanica_Septemtrionalis" title="Foederatio Germanica Septemtrionalis — latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Foederatio Germanica Septemtrionalis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_Vokietijos_s%C4%85junga" title="Šiaurės Vokietijos sąjunga — litova" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šiaurės Vokietijos sąjunga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zieme%C4%BCv%C4%81cu_Savien%C4%ABba" title="Ziemeļvācu Savienība — latva" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ziemeļvācu Savienība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Северногермански Сојуз — makedona" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Северногермански Сојуз" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B4_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE" title="Хойд Германы Холбоо — mongola" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хойд Германы Холбоо" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noord-Duitse_Bond" title="Noord-Duitse Bond — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Noord-Duitse Bond" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norddeutscher_Bund" title="Norddeutscher Bund — novnorvega" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Norddeutscher Bund" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novnorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_nordtyske_forbund" title="Det nordtyske forbund — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det nordtyske forbund" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederacion_de_l%27Alemanha_del_N%C3%B2rd" title="Confederacion de l'Alemanha del Nòrd — okcitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Confederacion de l'Alemanha del Nòrd" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwi%C4%85zek_P%C3%B3%C5%82nocnoniemiecki" title="Związek Północnoniemiecki — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Związek Północnoniemiecki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="شمالی جرمن اتحاد — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شمالی جرمن اتحاد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confedera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_Alemanha_do_Norte" title="Confederação da Alemanha do Norte — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Confederação da Alemanha do Norte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confedera%C8%9Bia_German%C4%83_de_Nord" title="Confederația Germană de Nord — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Confederația Germană de Nord" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Северогерманский союз — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Северогерманский союз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_German_Confederation" title="North German Confederation — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="North German Confederation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severonemeck%C3%BD_spolok" title="Severonemecký spolok — slovaka" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Severonemecký spolok" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severnonem%C5%A1ka_konfederacija" title="Severnonemška konfederacija — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Severnonemška konfederacija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Севернонемачка конфедерација — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Севернонемачка конфедерација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordtyska_f%C3%B6rbundet" title="Nordtyska förbundet — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nordtyska förbundet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirikisho_la_Ujerumani_Kaskazini" title="Shirikisho la Ujerumani Kaskazini — svahila" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shirikisho la Ujerumani Kaskazini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="สมาพันธรัฐเยอรมันเหนือ — taja" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สมาพันธรัฐเยอรมันเหนือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzey_Almanya_Konfederasyonu" title="Kuzey Almanya Konfederasyonu — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuzey Almanya Konfederasyonu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Північнонімецький союз — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Північнонімецький союз" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="شمالی جرمن اتحاد — urduo" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شمالی جرمن اتحاد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urduo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_bang_B%E1%BA%AFc_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c" title="Liên bang Bắc Đức — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên bang Bắc Đức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E9%82%A6%E8%81%AF" title="北德意志邦聯 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="北德意志邦聯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pak-tek_Pang-li%C3%A2n" title="Pak-tek Pang-liân — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pak-tek Pang-liân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q150981#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nordgermana_Federacio" title="Vidi la artikolon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikolo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspekto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">El Vikipedio, la libera enciklopedio</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography" style="margin-left:0.5em; background-color:#F5F5F5; border-collapse: collapse; float: right; font-size:90 %; width:23em; -moz-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; -webkit-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC;"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" colspan="2" style="background-color:#E9E9E9; font-size:170%;" class="kaplinio mapo"><b>Nordgermana Federacio</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e4dcf6; color:#000000;">Origina nomo: </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#F0E0FF; color:#000000; font-family:Monotype Corsiva, serif;">Norddeutscher Bund </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table width="100%" style="background-color: #fff; border-top: 1px solid #CCC; font-size:111%;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%" style="text-align: left;vertical-align:top"><a href="/wiki/Germana_Federacio" title="Germana Federacio">←</a> <span class="framedpicture"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germana Federacio"><img alt="Germana Federacio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg/25px-Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg/38px-Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg/50px-Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="248" /></a></span></span> </td> <td width="50%" style="text-align: center;vertical-align:top"><b><a href="/wiki/1867" title="1867">1867</a> – <a href="/wiki/1871" title="1871">1871</a></b> </td> <td width="25%" style="text-align: right;vertical-align:top"><span class="framedpicture"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germana Imperiestra Regno"><img alt="Germana Imperiestra Regno" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Germana_Imperiestra_Regno" title="Germana Imperiestra Regno">→</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background-color:#fff;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/140px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/210px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/280px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </p> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#fff;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Wappen_Norddeutscher_Bund-SW.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Wappen_Norddeutscher_Bund-SW.png/130px-Wappen_Norddeutscher_Bund-SW.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Wappen_Norddeutscher_Bund-SW.png/195px-Wappen_Norddeutscher_Bund-SW.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Wappen_Norddeutscher_Bund-SW.png/260px-Wappen_Norddeutscher_Bund-SW.png 2x" data-file-width="1971" data-file-height="1540" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#e4dcf6; color:#000000;"><b>historia lando • <a href="/wiki/Suverena_%C5%9Dtato" title="Suverena ŝtato">suverena ŝtato</a> • milita alianco • <a href="/wiki/Konfederacio" title="Konfederacio">konfederacio</a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background-color: #eaeaea; border-top: 1px solid #CCC; text-align: center;"><b>Geografio</b> <table width="100%" style="background-color: #fff; border-top: 1px solid #CCC;padding-bottom:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Noord-Duitse_Bond.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Noord-Duitse_Bond.png/290px-Noord-Duitse_Bond.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Noord-Duitse_Bond.png/435px-Noord-Duitse_Bond.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Noord-Duitse_Bond.png/580px-Noord-Duitse_Bond.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1015" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="35%" style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><span style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/%C4%88efurbo" title="Ĉefurbo">Ĉefurbo</a>:</span> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/Berlino" title="Berlino">Berlino</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background-color: #eaeaea; border-top: 1px solid #CCC; border-bottom: 1px solid #CCC; text-align: center;"><b>Loĝantaro</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em">Kvanto de loĝantoj:</div> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><span style="white-space:nowrap">32 914 800</span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/Lingvo" title="Lingvo">Lingvoj</a>:</div> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/Germana" class="mw-redirect" title="Germana">germana</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/Religio" title="Religio">Religio</a>:</div> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em">plejmulto: <a href="/wiki/Protestantismo" title="Protestantismo">protestantismo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luteranismo" title="Luteranismo">luteranismo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalvinismo" title="Kalvinismo">kalvinismo</a>)<br />minoritatoj: katolikoj, judoj</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background-color: #eaeaea; border-top: 1px solid #CCC; border-bottom: 1px solid #CCC; text-align: center;"><b>Ŝtat-strukturo</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/Listo_de_formoj_de_registaro" title="Listo de formoj de registaro">Ŝtat-strukturo</a>:</div> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em">1866-1867 milita alianco<br />1867-1871 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fedleracio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fedleracio (paĝo ne ekzistas)">federacia</a> <a href="/wiki/Monar%C4%A5io" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarĥio">monarĥio</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/Monunuo" class="mw-redirect" title="Monunuo">Monunuo</a>:</div> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em"><a href="/wiki/Germana_marko" title="Germana marko">germana marko</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em">Estiĝo:</div> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;margin: 1em"><div style="margin-left:.2em">en <a href="/wiki/1867" title="1867">1867</a>, Prusio kaj ties aliancanoj forlasis la <a href="/wiki/Germana_Federacio" title="Germana Federacio">Germanan Federacion</a> kaj fondis la Nordgermanan Federacion</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em">Pereo:</div> </td> <td style="border: 1px solid #CCC;"><div style="margin-left:.2em">en <a href="/wiki/1871" title="1871">1871</a> kunfandiĝis al la <a href="/wiki/Germana_Regno" title="Germana Regno">Germana Regno</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table width="99%" style="text-align:left; margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="50%" valign="top"><span id="antaŭ-post"></span><b>Antaŭaj ŝtatoj:</b> <table style="margin-right:.5em;margin-left:-3px"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="framedpicture"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germana Federacio"><img alt="Germana Federacio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg/25px-Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg/38px-Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg/50px-Wappen_Deutscher_Bund.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="248" /></a></span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germana_Federacio" title="Germana Federacio">Germana Federacio</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td valign="top"><b>Postsekvaj ŝtatoj:</b> <table style="margin-left:-3px"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="framedpicture"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germana Imperiestra Regno"><img alt="Germana Imperiestra Regno" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germana_Imperiestra_Regno" title="Germana Imperiestra Regno">Germana Imperiestra Regno</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background-color: #eaeaea; border-top: 1px solid #CCC; text-align: center;"><b>Elstaraj historiaj eventoj</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="background-color: #eaeaea; border-top: 1px solid #CCC; text-align: center;"><b>Diplomatiaj rilatoj</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr><tr><td class="shangu-shablonon infoboximage" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.2em"><div class="noprint toccolours" style="border:2px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;background-color:#E9E9E9;color:black;font-size:xx-small;font-weight:normal"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Informkestoj" title="Vikipedio:Informkestoj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Informkesto_pereinta_%C5%9Dtato" title="Ŝablono:Informkesto pereinta ŝtato">v</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Informkesto_pereinta_%C5%9Dtato" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Informkesto pereinta ŝtato">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono%3AInformkesto_pereinta_%C5%9Dtato&action=edit">r</a></span></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>La <b>Nordgermana Federacio</b> estis federacia ŝtato de nordgermanaj ŝtatoj. Ĝi estis fondita en 1867, post kiam Aŭstrio malvenkinte en la <a href="/wiki/Prusa-a%C5%ADstria_milito" class="mw-redirect" title="Prusa-aŭstria milito">Prusa-aŭstria milito</a> devis rezigni pri la unuarangeco en Germanio. La plej granda ŝtato ene de la federacia ŝtato estis <a href="/wiki/Prusio" title="Prusio">Prusio</a>. En 1871 la Federacio transiris en la <a href="/wiki/Germana_Imperiestra_Regno" title="Germana Imperiestra Regno">Germanan Imperiestran Regnon</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Estiĝo"><span id="Esti.C4.9Do"></span>Estiĝo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordgermana_Federacio&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Estiĝo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordgermana_Federacio&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Estiĝo"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La Nordgermana Federacio estis fondita la 1-an de julio <a href="/wiki/1867" title="1867">1867</a>, post kiam Prusio kaj ties aliancanoj forlasis la <a href="/wiki/Germana_Ligo" class="mw-redirect" title="Germana Ligo">Germanan Federacion</a> kaj militis kontraŭ la sudgermanoj en la <a href="/wiki/Prusa-a%C5%ADstria_milito" class="mw-redirect" title="Prusa-aŭstria milito">Prusa-aŭstria milito</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konstitucio">Konstitucio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordgermana_Federacio&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Konstitucio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordgermana_Federacio&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Konstitucio"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La 12-an de februaro 1867 estis elektita parlamento <i>Reichstag</i> kaj malfermita la 24-an de februaro en Berlino, fare de reĝo <a href="/wiki/Vilhelmo_la_1-a_(Germana_Regno)" title="Vilhelmo la 1-a (Germana Regno)">Vilhelmo 1-a</a>. La 16-an de aprilo 1867 la parlamento akceptis la <a href="/wiki/Konstitucio" title="Konstitucio">konstitucion</a> de la federacio. Ĝi fariĝis valida la 1-an de julio. Ĝi estas esence identa kun la konstitucio de la Germana Regno el 1871. </p><p>Laŭ ĝi, la reĝo de Prusio havis la prezidon de la federacio, estante la ĉefa princo en la <a href="/wiki/Federacia_Konsilio_(Germanio)" title="Federacia Konsilio (Germanio)">Federacia Konsilio</a>, la organo kiu reprezentis la unuopajn nordgermanajn ŝtatojn (princojn kaj la <a href="/wiki/Libera_regna_urbo" title="Libera regna urbo">liberajn urbojn</a> <a href="/wiki/Hamburgo" title="Hamburgo">Hamburgo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bremeno" title="Bremeno">Bremeno</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Lubeko" title="Lubeko">Lubeko</a>). Kiel prezidanto la reĝo rajtis nomumi la <a href="/wiki/Kanceliero_(Germanio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanceliero (Germanio)">federacian kancelieron</a>. La Federacia Konsilio kune kun la parlamento estis la leĝdonanto. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Coat_of_Arms_of_Otto_von_Bismarck.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Coat_of_Arms_of_Otto_von_Bismarck.svg/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Otto_von_Bismarck.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Coat_of_Arms_of_Otto_von_Bismarck.svg/270px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Otto_von_Bismarck.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Coat_of_Arms_of_Otto_von_Bismarck.svg/360px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Otto_von_Bismarck.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Blazono de <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Bismarck</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Norddeutscher_Bund.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Norddeutscher_Bund.png/290px-Norddeutscher_Bund.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Norddeutscher_Bund.png/435px-Norddeutscher_Bund.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Norddeutscher_Bund.png/580px-Norddeutscher_Bund.png 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption>La Nordgermana Federacio (ĝiaj limoj markitaj per ruĝa linio)</figcaption></figure> <table class="navbox hlist" style=";margin:auto; border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:4px;"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit; border-collapse:collapse;;"><tbody><tr><th style="text-align:center;;;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Landoj_de_la_Nordgermana_Federacio" title="Ŝablono:Landoj de la Nordgermana Federacio"><span title="Rigardu ĉi tiun ŝablonon" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Landoj_de_la_Nordgermana_Federacio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Landoj de la Nordgermana Federacio (paĝo ne ekzistas)"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Diskuto pri ĉi tiu ŝablono">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono:Landoj_de_la_Nordgermana_Federacio&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;;border:none;;" title="Vi povas redakti ĉi tiun ŝablonon. Konservonte la paĝon bonvolu uzi la antaŭrigardan butonon.">r</span></a></div></div><span class="" style="font-size:110%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flago de la Germana Imperiestra Regno"><img alt="Flago de la Germana Imperiestra Regno" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/25px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/38px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Membroj-ŝtatoj de la <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nordgermana Federacio</a> (1866-1871)</span></th></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;;">Reĝlandoj</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Re%C4%9Dlando_Prusio" title="Reĝlando Prusio">Prusio</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Re%C4%9Dlando_Saksio" title="Reĝlando Saksio">Saksio</a></div></td><td rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:middle; padding-left:7px; width:0%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Norddeutscher_Bund.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Mapo de la Nordgermana Federacio"><img alt="Mapo de la Nordgermana Federacio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Norddeutscher_Bund.png/140px-Norddeutscher_Bund.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Norddeutscher_Bund.png/210px-Norddeutscher_Bund.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Norddeutscher_Bund.png/280px-Norddeutscher_Bund.png 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="719" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;;">Grandduklandoj</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;background-color:#f0f0f0; color:Black;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hesio-Darmstadt" title="Hesio-Darmstadt">Hesio</a> (norda parto) <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Meklenburgo-Schwerin" title="Meklenburgo-Schwerin">Meklenburgo-Schwerin</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Meklenburgo-Strelitz" title="Meklenburgo-Strelitz">Meklenburgo-Strelitz</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Oldenburgio" title="Oldenburgio">Oldenburgio</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Saksio-Vajmaro-Eisenach" title="Saksio-Vajmaro-Eisenach">Saksio-Vajmaro-Eisenach</a></div></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;;">Duklandoj</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anhalt" title="Anhalt">Anhalto</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Brunsvigo_(duklando)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brunsvigo (duklando)">Brunsvigo</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Saksio-Lauenburg" title="Saksio-Lauenburg">Saksio-Lauenburg</a> <small>(per <a href="/wiki/Persona_unio" title="Persona unio">persona unio</a> kun <a href="/wiki/Re%C4%9Dlando_Prusio" title="Reĝlando Prusio">Prusio</a>)</small> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Saksio-Altenburg" title="Saksio-Altenburg">Saksio-Altenburg</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Duklando_Saksio-Koburgo_kaj_Gotao" title="Duklando Saksio-Koburgo kaj Gotao">Saksio-Koburgo kaj Gotao</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Saksio-Meiningen" title="Saksio-Meiningen">Saksio-Meiningen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;;">Princlandoj</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;background-color:#f0f0f0; color:Black;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Lipo_(lando)" title="Lipo (lando)">Lipo</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Reu%C3%9F_%C3%A4lterer_Linie" class="mw-redirect" title="Reuß älterer Linie">Reuß älterer Linie</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Reu%C3%9F_j%C3%BCngerer_Linie" class="mw-redirect" title="Reuß jüngerer Linie">Reuß jüngerer Linie</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ca%C5%ADmburgo-Lipo" title="Ŝaŭmburgo-Lipo">Ŝaŭmburgo-Lipo</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Turingiaj_%C5%9Dtatoj" class="mw-redirect" title="Turingiaj ŝtatoj">Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Turingiaj_%C5%9Dtatoj" class="mw-redirect" title="Turingiaj ŝtatoj">Schwarzburg-Sondershausen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Waldeck" title="Waldeck">Waldeck</a></div></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style="white-space:nowrap;;;">Urboŝtatoj</th> <td style="width:100%;padding:0;;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bremeno" title="Bremeno">Bremeno</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Hamburgo" title="Hamburgo">Hamburgo</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Lubeko" title="Lubeko">Lubeko</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordgermana_Federacio&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordgermana_Federacio&action=edit&section=3" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Vidu ankaŭ"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historio_de_Germanio" title="Historio de Germanio">Historio de Germanio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanaj_Imperiestroj" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanaj Imperiestroj">Germanaj Imperiestroj</a></li></ul> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:North_German_Confederation?uselang=eo">Kategorio Nordgermana Federacio en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Norma_datumaro" title="Norma datumaro">Bibliotekoj</a> </td> <td class="plainlinks hlist" style="font-size: 80%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helpo:Bibliotekoj" title="Helpo:Bibliotekoj">PeEnEo</a>: <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/?curid=28635">28635</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Komuna_Norma_Datumaro" title="Komuna Norma Datumaro">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/2033898-3">2033898-3</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kontrolnumero_de_la_Kongresa_Biblioteko_de_Usono" title="Kontrolnumero de la Kongresa Biblioteko de Usono">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81097801">n81097801</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/VIAF" title="VIAF">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/131360783">131360783</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISNI" title="ISNI">ISNI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000118848032">0000000118848032</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LIBRIS" title="LIBRIS">LIBRIS</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/auth/264748">264748</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/030684617">030684617</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Francio" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Francio">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12205116n">12205116n</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_A%C5%ADstralio" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Aŭstralio">NLA</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36591490">36591490</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Dieto" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Dieto">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00577070">00577070</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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