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title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#诊断"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>诊断</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-诊断-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关诊断子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-诊断-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-柏林定义" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#柏林定义"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>柏林定义</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-柏林定义-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-鉴别诊断" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#鉴别诊断"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>鉴别诊断</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-鉴别诊断-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-流行病学" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#流行病学"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>流行病学</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-流行病学-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閲讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閲讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>延伸閲讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閲讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">急性呼吸窘迫症候群</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。37种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="متلازمة الضائقة التنفسية الحادة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="متلازمة الضائقة التنفسية الحادة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C9%99skin_n%C9%99f%C9%99s_yollar%C4%B1_pozulmas%C4%B1_sindromu" title="Kəskin nəfəs yolları pozulması sindromu – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kəskin nəfəs yolları pozulması sindromu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF" title="তীব্র শ্বাসকষ্টমূলক রোগলক্ষণসমষ্টি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তীব্র শ্বাসকষ্টমূলক রোগলক্ষণসমষ্টি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akutni_respiratorni_distres_sindrom" title="Akutni respiratorni distres sindrom – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Akutni respiratorni distres sindrom" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADndrome_del_destret_respiratori_agut" title="Síndrome del destret respiratori agut – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Síndrome del destret respiratori agut" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndrom_akutn%C3%AD_dechov%C3%A9_t%C3%ADsn%C4%9B" title="Syndrom akutní dechové tísně – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Syndrom akutní dechové tísně" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akutes_Lungenversagen" title="Akutes Lungenversagen – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Akutes Lungenversagen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF_%CE%BF%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B4%CF%85%CF%83%CF%87%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Σύνδρομο οξείας αναπνευστικής δυσχέρειας – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σύνδρομο οξείας αναπνευστικής δυσχέρειας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADndrome_de_dificultad_respiratoria_aguda" title="Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84ge_respiratoorse_distressi_s%C3%BCndroom" title="Äge respiratoorse distressi sündroom – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Äge respiratoorse distressi sündroom" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%B2%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="سندرم زجر حاد تنفسی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سندرم زجر حاد تنفسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84killinen_hengitysvaikeusoireyhtym%C3%A4" title="Äkillinen hengitysvaikeusoireyhtymä – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Äkillinen hengitysvaikeusoireyhtymä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndrome_de_d%C3%A9tresse_respiratoire_aigu" title="Syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigu – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Syndrome de détresse respiratoire aigu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94" title="תסמונת מצוקה נשימתית חריפה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תסמונת מצוקה נשימתית חריפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARDS" title="ARDS – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="ARDS" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80_%D5%B7%D5%B6%D5%B9%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A9%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%BD_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B7" title="Սուր շնչառական դիսթրես համախտանիշ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սուր շնչառական դիսթրես համախտանիշ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindrom_gangguan_pernapasan_akut" title="Sindrom gangguan pernapasan akut – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sindrom gangguan pernapasan akut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindrome_da_distress_respiratorio" title="Sindrome da distress respiratorio – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sindrome da distress respiratorio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%AE%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" title="急性呼吸窮迫症候群 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="急性呼吸窮迫症候群" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9F_%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B3%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B2%A3" title="ತೀವ್ರ ಉಸಿರಾಟ ತೊಂದರೆಯ ಬಳಲಿಕೆಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತೀವ್ರ ಉಸಿರಾಟ ತೊಂದರೆಯ ಬಳಲಿಕೆಯ ಲಕ್ಷಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%89%EC%84%B1%ED%98%B8%ED%9D%A1%EA%B3%A4%EB%9E%80%EC%A6%9D%ED%9B%84%EA%B5%B0" title="급성호흡곤란증후군 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="급성호흡곤란증후군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%82" title="അക്യൂട്ട് റെസ്പിറേറ്ററി ഡിസ്ട്രസ് സിൻഡ്രോം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അക്യൂട്ട് റെസ്പിറേറ്ററി ഡിസ്ട്രസ് സിൻഡ്രോം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%B6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%9F_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A1%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AE" title="ତୀବ୍ର ଶ୍ୱାସକ୍ରିୟା ସଙ୍କଟ ସିଣ୍ଡ୍ରୋମ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ତୀବ୍ର ଶ୍ୱାସକ୍ରିୟା ସଙ୍କଟ ସିଣ୍ଡ୍ରୋମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zesp%C3%B3%C5%82_ostrej_niewydolno%C5%9Bci_oddechowej" title="Zespół ostrej niewydolności oddechowej – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zespół ostrej niewydolności oddechowej" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADndrome_do_desconforto_respirat%C3%B3rio_agudo" title="Síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindromul_de_detres%C4%83_respiratorie_acut%C4%83" title="Sindromul de detresă respiratorie acută – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sindromul de detresă respiratorie acută" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Острый респираторный дистресс-синдром – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Острый респираторный дистресс-синдром" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindrom_akutne_dihalne_stiske" title="Sindrom akutne dihalne stiske – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sindrom akutne dihalne stiske" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Акутни респираторни дистрес синдром – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Акутни респираторни дистрес синдром" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_respiratory_distress_syndrome" title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Acute respiratory distress syndrome" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="กลุ่มอาการหายใจลำบากเฉียบพลัน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มอาการหายใจลำบากเฉียบพลัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akut_solunum_s%C4%B1k%C4%B1nt%C4%B1s%C4%B1_sendromu" title="Akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81-%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Гострий респіраторний дистрес-синдром – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гострий респіраторний дистрес-синдром" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_ch%E1%BB%A9ng_suy_h%C3%B4_h%E1%BA%A5p_c%E1%BA%A5p_t%C3%ADnh" title="Hội chứng suy hô hấp cấp tính – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hội chứng suy hô hấp cấp tính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q344873#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/30px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/40px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="190" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="维基百科">维基百科</a>中的醫學内容<b>仅供参考</b>，並<b>不能</b>視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E" title="Wikipedia:医学声明">醫學聲明</a></b>。</div> <div id="noteTA-8d62ec89" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-title" data-noteta-code="zh-cn:急性呼吸窘迫综合征; zh-hk:急性呼吸窘迫綜合症; zh-tw:急性呼吸窘迫症候群;"></div><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="地名"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:急性呼吸窘迫综合征; zh-hk:急性呼吸窘迫綜合症; zh-tw:急性呼吸窘迫症候群;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:综合征; zh-hk:綜合症; zh-tw:症候群;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:lightgrey">Acute respiratory distress syndrome</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:AARDS_X-ray_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/AARDS_X-ray_cropped.jpg/300px-AARDS_X-ray_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/AARDS_X-ray_cropped.jpg/450px-AARDS_X-ray_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/AARDS_X-ray_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="528" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">ARDS病人的<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B8%E9%83%A8X%E5%85%89" title="胸部X光">胸部X光</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">症状</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E5%9B%B0%E9%9A%BE" title="呼吸困难">呼吸困难</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E6%80%A5%E4%BF%83" title="呼吸急促">急促呼吸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E7%B4%BA" title="發紺">發紺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="休克">休克</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;">类型</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="呼吸衰竭">呼吸衰竭</a>、<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7259546" class="extiw" title="d:Q7259546">肺损伤</a><abbr title="此维基尚无此条目">[*]</abbr>、<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21006662" class="extiw" title="d:Q21006662">acute respiratory insufficiency</a><abbr title="此维基尚无此条目">[*]</abbr>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="疾病">疾病</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8A%E6%96%AD" title="诊断">診斷方法</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B8%E9%83%A8X%E5%85%89" title="胸部X光">胸片</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E4%BD%93%E5%B1%82%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F" title="计算机体层成像">X射线计算机断层成像</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#eee;;;">分类和外部资源</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%B0%88%E7%A7%91" title="醫學專科">醫學專科</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span><span><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B8%E8%85%94%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="胸腔醫學">胸腔醫學</a></span>、<span><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E8%A8%BA%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="急診醫學">急診醫學</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-11" title="ICD-11">11</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">CB00</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J80">J80</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-9%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="ICD-9编码列表">9-CM</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=518.5">518.5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=518.82">518.82</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%BA%AB" title="疾病資料庫">DiseasesDB</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb892.htm">892</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000103.htm">000103</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/165139-overview">article/165139</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%E8%AF%8D" title="医学主题词">MeSH</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2024/MB_cgi?field=uid&term=D012128">D012128</a></td></tr><tr class="noprint"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: right; font-size:0.9em;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344873" class="extiw" title="d:Q344873">编辑此条目的维基数据</a>]</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>急性呼吸窘迫综合征</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Acute respiratory distress syndrome</span>，<span lang="en">ARDS</span>），又称<b>湿肺</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（<span lang="en">wet lung</span>）<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>是由多种肺内因素（<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="肺炎">肺炎</a>、误吸等）或肺外因素（<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%93%E6%AF%92%E7%97%87" class="mw-redirect" title="脓毒症">脓毒症</a>、急性<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E8%85%BA%E7%82%8E" title="胰腺炎">胰腺炎</a>、外伤等）所诱发的一种危及生命的非心源性肺水肿，伴有严重低氧血症、肺顺应性降低、动静脉分流增多和生理死腔增加。<sup id="cite_ref-2023-zh指南_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023-zh指南-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>以肺容积减少、肺顺应性降低、严重的通气／血流比例失调为病理生理特征，临床上表现为进行性低氧血症和呼吸窘迫，肺部影像学上表现为非均一性的渗出性病变。ARDS是急性<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="呼吸衰竭">呼吸衰竭</a>最常见的类型。<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90_(%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8)" title="Wikipedia:可靠來源 (醫學)"><span title="此標籤附近的內容需要可靠的醫學來源進行註解。">需要可靠醫學來源</span></a>]</sup> </p><p>旧称<b>急性肺损伤</b>（Acute lung injury，ALI）现归属于轻症ARDS的范畴。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="病因"><span id=".E7.97.85.E5.9B.A0"></span>病因</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：病因"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ARDS的原因复杂多样。严重肺部（肺炎）或全身感染（败血症），创伤，多次输血，严重烧伤，严重胰腺炎（胰腺炎），溺水或其他吸入事件之后，药物反应等<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一些ARDS病例与创伤后复苏期间使用的大量液体有关<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>根据肺损伤的机制，可将ARDS病因分为直接因素（肺内因素）和间接因素（肺外）损伤： </p> <ul><li>直接性损伤： <ol><li>误吸：吸入胃内容物、毒气、烟雾、溺水、氧中毒等</li> <li>弥漫性肺部感染：细菌、病毒、真菌及肺囊虫感染等</li> <li>肺钝挫伤</li> <li>肺手术：肺移植后、肺部分切除术后</li> <li>肺栓塞：<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E6%A0%93%E5%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="脂肪栓塞">脂肪栓塞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8A%E6%B0%B4%E6%A0%93%E5%A1%9E" title="羊水栓塞">羊水栓塞</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E6%A0%93%E6%A0%93%E5%A1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血栓栓塞（页面不存在）">血栓栓塞</a>等</li> <li>放射性肺损伤</li></ol></li> <li>间接性损伤： <ol><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="休克">休克</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%A1%80%E5%AE%B9%E9%87%8F%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="低血容量性休克">低血容量性休克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="感染性休克">感染性休克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E6%BA%90%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="心源性休克">心源性休克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="過敏性休克">过敏性休克</a>等</li> <li>严重的非肺部创伤：头部伤、骨折、烧伤等</li> <li>急诊复苏导致高灌注状态</li> <li>代谢紊乱：急性重症<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E8%85%BA%E7%82%8E" title="胰腺炎">胰腺炎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%B0%BF%E7%97%85%E9%85%AE%E7%97%87%E9%85%B8%E4%B8%AD%E6%AF%92" title="糖尿病酮症酸中毒">糖尿病酮症酸中毒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BF%E6%AF%92%E7%97%87" title="尿毒症">尿毒症</a>等</li> <li>血液学紊乱：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E6%BC%AB%E6%80%A7%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E5%87%9D%E8%A1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="弥漫性血管内凝血">弥漫性血管内凝血</a>（DIC）、体外循环、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E9%80%8F%E6%9E%90" title="血液透析">血液透析</a>、大量<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%93%E8%A1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="输血">输血</a></li> <li>药物：海洛因、噻嗪类、水杨酸类、巴比妥类催眠剂等</li> <li>神经源性因素：脑干或下丘脑损伤、颅内压升高等</li> <li>妇产科疾病：妊娠性高血压综合征、子宫瘤、死胎。</li></ol></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="病理學"><span id=".E7.97.85.E7.90.86.E5.AD.B8"></span>病理學</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：病理學"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有很多情況和成人呼吸性窘迫症候群的發生有關（見表1）。 </p> <table class="wikitable" border="1"> <tbody><tr> <td>物理性</td> <td>感染性</td> <td>免疫性 </td></tr> <tr> <td>外傷</td> <td>敗血症</td> <td>任何嚴重疾病 </td></tr> <tr> <td>頭部損傷</td> <td>肺炎</td> <td>輸血 </td></tr> <tr> <td>爆炸傷</td> <td></td> <td>心與肺的 </td></tr> <tr> <td>吸入酸性物質</td> <td></td> <td>血管旁通 </td></tr> <tr> <td>脂肪栓塞</td> <td></td> <td>過敏 </td></tr> <tr> <td>吸入濃煙</td> <td></td> <td>任何嚴重疾病 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E6%B3%A1" title="肺泡">肺泡</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1" title="微血管">微血管</a>有較高的通透度，使蛋白質狀的液體漏至肺泡中，構成所謂的「非心因性肺水腫」。這些蛋白質狀的物質凝集形成玻璃質膜（hyaline membrane），且有發炎細胞的增生。漸漸地這些急性發炎過程消退，開始癒合，可能產生廣泛的肺間質纖維化。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="诊断"><span id=".E8.AF.8A.E6.96.AD"></span>诊断</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：诊断"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="柏林定义"><span id=".E6.9F.8F.E6.9E.97.E5.AE.9A.E4.B9.89"></span>柏林定义</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：柏林定义"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2011 年由欧洲重症医学会发起、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%83%B8%E8%85%94%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A" title="美国胸腔学会">美国胸腔学会</a>和重症医学会支持召集的专家小组采用共识程序制定了 "柏林定义"。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>ARDS表现为急性发作、胸部<a href="/wiki/X%E5%85%89%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="X光成像">X线成像</a>或<a href="/wiki/CT%E6%89%AB%E6%8F%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="CT扫描">CT扫描</a>显示非心脏来源的双侧肺部浸润，以及 PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub>比值低于 300 mmHg，伴有PEEP/CAAP ≥ 5 cm H<sub>2</sub>O。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>具体来所说需满足以下四点<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <ul><li>明确诱因下1周内出现的急性或进展性呼吸困难；</li> <li>胸部X线平片/胸部CT 显示不能完全用胸腔积液、肺叶/全肺不张和结节影解释的双肺浸润影；</li> <li>不能完全用<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%8A%9B%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="心力衰竭">心力衰竭</a>和液体负荷过重解释的呼吸衰竭。如果临床没有危险因素，需要用客观检查（如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%A3%B0%E5%BF%83%E5%8A%A8%E5%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="超声心动图">超声心动图</a>）来评价心源性肺水肿；</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E6%B0%A7%E8%A1%80%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低氧血症（页面不存在）">低氧血症</a> 在机械通气参数<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E6%B0%A3%E6%9C%AB%E6%9C%9F%E6%AD%A3%E5%A3%93" title="呼氣末期正壓">呼气末正压</a> (PEEP) /持续气道正压 (<a href="/wiki/CPAP" class="mw-redirect" title="CPAP">CPAP</a>) 不低于5cm H<sub>2</sub>O 的条件下测定PaO<sub>2</sub>，根据PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>确立ARDS诊断，并按严重程度分轻度、中度和重度3种：</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>轻度：200 mmHg < PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> ≤ 300 mmHg</li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li>中度：100 mmHg < PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> ≤ 200 mmHg</li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li>重度：PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> ≤ 100 mmHg</li></ul></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="鉴别诊断"><span id=".E9.89.B4.E5.88.AB.E8.AF.8A.E6.96.AD"></span>鉴别诊断</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：鉴别诊断"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>由于多种疾病都可以表现为急性发作的双侧肺部浸润伴低氧血症，在建立ARDS时需排除如急性<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E6%BA%90%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E6%B0%B4%E8%82%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="心源性肺水肿">心源性肺水肿</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A5%E6%BC%AB%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E6%B3%A1%E5%87%BA%E8%A1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弥漫性肺泡出血（页面不存在）">弥漫性肺泡出血</a>、双侧<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="肺炎">肺炎</a>等疾病等的可能性。<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="流行病学"><span id=".E6.B5.81.E8.A1.8C.E7.97.85.E5.AD.A6"></span>流行病学</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：流行病学"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>据估计，在全球范围内ARDS患者占ICU总住院患者的10.4%，但由于估计约有40%的ARDS未被诊断<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，实际的ARDS发病率可能高于这一水平。<sup id="cite_ref-2023-zh指南_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023-zh指南-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>该概念由Ashbaugh等人于1967年首次提出。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>原名“成人呼吸窘迫综合征”（<span lang="en">adult respiratory distress syndrome</span>），后随认识进展明确该综合征可发生于任何年龄，故多采用术语“急性呼吸窘迫综合征”（<span lang="en">acute respiratory distress syndrome</span>）。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>两者均缩写为“<b>ARDS</b>”。 </p><p>由于<b>急性肺损伤</b>（Acute lung injury，ALI）和ARDS实为同一疾病过程的两个阶段，为避免使用不同命名区分严重程度可能带来的困惑，柏林定义取消了ALI的命名，将ALI和ARDS统一称为ARDS，原ALI相当于现在的轻症ARDS。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">所在地海拔超过1000m时，需对PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub>，进行校正，校正后的PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub>=（PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub>）x（所在地大气压值/760）</span> </li> </ol> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">葛均波; 徐永健; 王辰. 内科学 9th. 北京市朝阳区潘家园南里19号: 人民卫生出版社. : 131. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-117-26541-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-117-26541-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-117-26541-6</a>. <q>ARDS肺脏大体表现为暗红色或暗紫红色的肝样变，重量明显增加，可见水肿、出血，切面有液体渗出，故有“湿肺”之称。</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E6%B0%B8%E5%81%A5&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E8%BE%B0&rft.au=%E8%91%9B%E5%9D%87%E6%B3%A2&rft.btitle=%E5%86%85%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&rft.edition=9th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-117-26541-6&rft.pages=131&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%B8%82%E6%9C%9D%E9%98%B3%E5%8C%BA%E6%BD%98%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%AD%E5%8D%97%E9%87%8C19%E5%8F%B7&rft.pub=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#accessdate_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osmosis.org/answers/wet-lung">Wet Lung: What Is It, Causes, Treatment, and More</a>. Osmosis. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-11-29</span>]</span> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.atitle=Wet+Lung%3A+What+Is+It%2C+Causes%2C+Treatment%2C+and+More&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Osmosis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.osmosis.org%2Fanswers%2Fwet-lung&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023-zh指南-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2023-zh指南_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023-zh指南_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">孙同文; 张西京 ;黎毅敏 ;彭志勇 ;赵鸣雁;. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rs.yiigle.com/cmaid/1476317">中国成人急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）诊断与非机械通气治疗指南（2023）</a>. 中国研究型医院 (同方知网（北京）技术有限公司). 2023-10-15, <b>10</b> (05): 9–24 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-11-28</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2095-8781"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 2095-8781</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.19450%2Fj.cnki.jcrh.2023.05.002"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.19450/j.cnki.jcrh.2023.05.002</span></a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%90%E4%BA%BA%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E5%BE%81%EF%BC%88ARDS%EF%BC%89%E8%AF%8A%E6%96%AD%E4%B8%8E%E9%9D%9E%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E9%80%9A%E6%B0%94%E6%B2%BB%E7%96%97%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%EF%BC%882023%EF%BC%89&rft.au=%E5%AD%99%E5%90%8C%E6%96%87&rft.date=2023-10-15&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=2095-8781&rft.issue=05&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%9E%8B%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2&rft.pages=9-24&rft.volume=10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frs.yiigle.com%2Fcmaid%2F1476317&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.19450%2Fj.cnki.jcrh.2023.05.002&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">葛均波; 徐永健; 王辰. 内科学 9th. 人民卫生出版社. : 130. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-117-26541-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-117-26541-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-117-26541-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.au=%E5%BE%90%E6%B0%B8%E5%81%A5&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E8%BE%B0&rft.au=%E8%91%9B%E5%9D%87%E6%B3%A2&rft.btitle=%E5%86%85%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&rft.edition=9th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-117-26541-6&rft.pages=130&rft.pub=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#accessdate_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Melmed 2011, pp. 636</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Cherkas, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22164397/">Traumatic hemorrhagic shock: advances in fluid management</a>. Emergency Medicine Practice. 2011-11, <b>13</b> (11): 1–19; quiz 19–20 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-12-30</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1524-1971"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1524-1971</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22164397"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 22164397</span></a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210227010714/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22164397/">存档</a>于2021-02-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.atitle=Traumatic+hemorrhagic+shock%3A+advances+in+fluid+management&rft.aufirst=David&rft.aulast=Cherkas&rft.date=2011-11&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1524-1971&rft.issue=11&rft.jtitle=Emergency+Medicine+Practice&rft.pages=1-19%3B+quiz+19-20&rft.volume=13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F22164397%2F&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22164397&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><b>7.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><b>7.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><b>7.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jama.2012.5669">Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: The Berlin Definition</a>. JAMA. 2012-06-20, <b>307</b> (23) <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-11-28</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0098-7484"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0098-7484</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.2012.5669"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1001/jama.2012.5669</span></a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220309181500/http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jama.2012.5669">存档</a>于2022-03-09） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.atitle=Acute+Respiratory+Distress+Syndrome%3A+The+Berlin+Definition&rft.date=2012-06-20&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0098-7484&rft.issue=23&rft.jtitle=JAMA&rft.volume=307&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjama.jamanetwork.com%2Farticle.aspx%3Fdoi%3D10.1001%2Fjama.2012.5669&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1001%2Fjama.2012.5669&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Diamond, Matthew; Peniston, Hector L.; Sanghavi, Devang K.; Mahapatra, Sidharth. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436002/">StatPearls</a>. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2024 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2024-11-28</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28613773"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 28613773</span></a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241120123119/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK436002/">存档</a>于2024-11-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.atitle=Acute+Respiratory+Distress+Syndrome&rft.au=Mahapatra%2C+Sidharth&rft.au=Peniston%2C+Hector+L.&rft.au=Sanghavi%2C+Devang+K.&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.aulast=Diamond&rft.btitle=StatPearls&rft.date=2024&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Treasure+Island+%28FL%29&rft.pub=StatPearls+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fbooks%2FNBK436002%2F&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28613773&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Schwarz, Marvin I.; Albert, Richard K. “Imitators” of the ARDS. Chest. 2004-04, <b>125</b> (4): 1530–1535. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1378%2Fchest.125.4.1530"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1378/chest.125.4.1530</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.atitle=%E2%80%9CImitators%E2%80%9D+of+the+ARDS&rft.au=Albert%2C+Richard+K.&rft.aufirst=Marvin+I.&rft.aulast=Schwarz&rft.date=2004-04&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.pages=1530-1535&rft.volume=125&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1378%2Fchest.125.4.1530&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#accessdate_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Bellani, Giacomo; Laffey, John G.; Pham, Tài; Fan, Eddy; Brochard, Laurent; Esteban, Andres; Gattinoni, Luciano; van Haren, Frank; Larsson, Anders; McAuley, Daniel F.; Ranieri, Marco. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/jama.2016.0291">Epidemiology, Patterns of Care, and Mortality for Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Intensive Care Units in 50 Countries</a>. 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Intensive Care Med. February 1999, <b>25</b> (2): 180–5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10193545"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 10193545</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs001340050813"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1007/s001340050813</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00134/bibs/9025002/90250180.htm">原始内容</a>存档于1999-11-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&rft.atitle=Antioxidant+status+in+patients+with+acute+respiratory+distress+syndrome&rft.au=Bartens%2C+C&rft.au=Druml%2C+W&rft.au=Fischer%2C+M&rft.au=Fridrich%2C+P&rft.au=Steltzer%2C+H&rft.aufirst=PG&rft.aulast=Metnitz&rft.date=1999-02&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Intensive+Care+Med&rft.pages=180-5&rft.volume=25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer-ny.com%2Flink%2Fservice%2Fjournals%2F00134%2Fbibs%2F9025002%2F90250180.htm&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs001340050813&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10193545&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%AA%98%E8%BF%AB%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width:100%;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0">分類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344873" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/J80">J80</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-9%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="ICD-9编码列表">9-CM</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=518.5">518.5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=518.82">518.82</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%E8%AF%8D" title="医学主题词">MeSH</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D012128">D012128</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%BA%AB" title="疾病資料庫">DiseasesDB</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb892.htm">892</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/SNOMED_CT" title="SNOMED CT">SNOMED CT</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snomed.info/id/67782005">67782005</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0">外部資源</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000103.htm">000103</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/165139-overview">article/165139</a></li><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patient_UK&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patient UK（页面不存在）">Patient UK</a></b>：<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patient.info/doctor/acute-adult-respiratory-distress-syndrome">急性呼吸窘迫症候群</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%9B%B8" title="維基教科書">維基教科書</a>中的相關電子教程：<b><a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/ARDS:Intensive_Care_Medicine" class="extiw" title="b:ARDS:Intensive Care Medicine">clinical/ards</a></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ardsnet.org/">ARDSNet</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210320141139/http://www.ardsnet.org/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）—the NIH / NHLBI ARDS Network</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151214175951/http://ards.org/">ARDS Support Center</a>—information for patients with ARDS</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="呼吸系統病理学（J，460–519），呼吸系统疾病" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Respiratory_pathology" title="Template:Respiratory pathology"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Respiratory_pathology" title="Template talk:Respiratory pathology"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Respiratory_pathology" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Respiratory pathology"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="呼吸系統病理学（J，460–519），呼吸系统疾病" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="呼吸系統">呼吸系統</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="病理学">病理学</a>（<a href="/wiki/ICD-10_%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E7%AB%A0%EF%BC%9A%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="ICD-10 第十章：呼吸系统疾病">J</a>，<a href="/wiki/ICD-9%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(460%E2%80%93519)" title="ICD-9编码列表 (460–519)">460–519</a>），<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="呼吸系统疾病">呼吸系统疾病</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E9%81%93" title="呼吸道">上呼吸道</a><br />（包括<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E9%81%93%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="上呼吸道感染">上呼吸道感染</a>、<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="普通感冒">普通感冒</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B4" title="头">頭部</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E7%AB%87" title="鼻竇">鼻竇</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E7%AB%87%E7%82%8E" title="鼻竇炎">鼻竇炎</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB" title="鼻">鼻</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E7%82%8E" title="鼻炎">鼻炎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%A7%E9%BC%BB%E7%82%8E" title="血管运动性鼻炎">血管运动性鼻炎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="慢性萎縮性鼻炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chronic atrophic rhinitis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E8%90%8E%E7%B8%AE%E6%80%A7%E9%BC%BB%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="慢性萎縮性鼻炎（页面不存在）">萎縮性鼻炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_atrophic_rhinitis" class="extiw" title="en:Chronic atrophic rhinitis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chronic atrophic rhinitis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E6%80%A7%E9%BC%BB%E7%82%8E" title="過敏性鼻炎">過敏性鼻炎</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E6%81%AF%E8%82%89" title="鼻息肉">鼻息肉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E6%BC%8F" title="鼻漏">鼻漏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E4%B8%AD%E9%9A%94" title="鼻中隔">鼻中隔</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鼻中隔偏曲" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasal septum deviation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E4%B8%AD%E9%9A%94%E5%81%8F%E6%9B%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻中隔偏曲（页面不存在）">鼻中隔偏曲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septum_deviation" class="extiw" title="en:Nasal septum deviation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasal septum deviation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鼻中隔穿孔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasal septum perforation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E4%B8%AD%E9%9A%94%E7%A9%BF%E5%AD%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻中隔穿孔（页面不存在）">鼻中隔穿孔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septum_perforation" class="extiw" title="en:Nasal septum perforation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasal septum perforation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鼻中隔血腫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nasal septal hematoma"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%BB%E4%B8%AD%E9%9A%94%E8%A1%80%E8%85%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼻中隔血腫（页面不存在）">鼻中隔血腫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasal_septal_hematoma" class="extiw" title="en:Nasal septal hematoma"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nasal septal hematoma</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%81%E6%A1%83%E8%85%BA" title="扁桃腺">扁桃腺</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E6%89%81%E6%A1%83%E9%AB%94%E7%82%8E" title="扁桃體炎">扁桃體炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BA%E6%A0%B7%E4%BD%93%E8%82%A5%E5%A4%A7" title="腺样体肥大">腺样体肥大</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="扁桃體周膿腫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Peritonsillar abscess"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%81%E6%A1%83%E9%AB%94%E5%91%A8%E8%86%BF%E8%85%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="扁桃體周膿腫（页面不存在）">扁桃體周膿腫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peritonsillar_abscess" class="extiw" title="en:Peritonsillar abscess"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peritonsillar abscess</span></a></span>）</span></span>（PTA）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%B8" title="頸">頸部</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD" title="咽">咽</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E7%82%8E" title="咽炎">咽炎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BE%E7%90%83%E8%8F%8C%E6%80%A7%E5%92%BD%E7%82%8E" title="链球菌性咽炎">链球菌性咽炎</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E5%96%89%E5%8F%8D%E6%B5%81" title="咽喉反流">咽喉反流</a>（LPR）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E5%BE%8C%E8%86%BF%E8%85%AB" title="咽後膿腫">咽後膿腫</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89" title="喉">喉頭</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%93%AE%E5%90%BC" title="哮吼">義膜性喉炎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="喉頭軟化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laryngomalacia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%89%E9%A0%AD%E8%BB%9F%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="喉頭軟化（页面不存在）">喉頭軟化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngomalacia" class="extiw" title="en:Laryngomalacia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laryngomalacia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89%E5%9B%8A%E8%85%AB" title="喉囊腫">喉囊腫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89%E7%82%8E" title="喉炎">喉頭炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E5%96%89%E5%8F%8D%E6%B5%81" title="咽喉反流">咽喉反流</a>（LPR）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="喉痙攣" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laryngospasm"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%89%E7%97%99%E6%94%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="喉痙攣（页面不存在）">喉痙攣</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngospasm" class="extiw" title="en:Laryngospasm"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laryngospasm</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E5%B8%A6" title="声带">声带</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%92%BD%E5%96%89%E5%8F%8D%E6%B5%81" title="咽喉反流">咽喉反流</a>（LPR）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聲帶結節" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vocal fold nodule"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B2%E5%B8%B6%E7%B5%90%E7%AF%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聲帶結節（页面不存在）">聲帶結節</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_fold_nodule" class="extiw" title="en:Vocal fold nodule"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vocal fold nodule</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聲帶麻痺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vocal cord paresis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B2%E5%B8%B6%E9%BA%BB%E7%97%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聲帶麻痺（页面不存在）">聲帶麻痺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_paresis" class="extiw" title="en:Vocal cord paresis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vocal cord paresis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聲帶功能異常" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vocal cord dysfunction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B2%E5%B8%B6%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E7%95%B0%E5%B8%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聲帶功能異常（页面不存在）">聲帶功能異常</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cord_dysfunction" class="extiw" title="en:Vocal cord dysfunction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vocal cord dysfunction</span></a></span>）</span></span>（VCD）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E5%B8%B6%E5%9B%8A%E8%85%AB" title="聲帶囊腫">聲帶囊腫</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%9A%E5%8E%8C" title="会厌">会厌</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E5%8E%AD%E7%82%8E" title="會厭炎">會厭炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%89%E5%9B%8A%E8%85%AB" title="喉囊腫">會厭谿囊腫</a>（會厭谷囊腫/會厭囊腫）</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1" title="氣管">氣管</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E" title="气管炎">气管炎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="氣管狹窄" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tracheal stenosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%8B%B9%E7%AA%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="氣管狹窄（页面不存在）">氣管狹窄</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheal_stenosis" class="extiw" title="en:Tracheal stenosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tracheal stenosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E9%81%93" title="呼吸道">下呼吸道</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85" title="呼吸系统疾病">肺病</a><br />（包括<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E9%81%93%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="下呼吸道感染">下呼吸道感染</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1" title="支氣管">支氣管</a>/<br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阻塞性肺病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="obstructive lung disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BB%E5%A1%9E%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阻塞性肺病（页面不存在）">阻塞性肺病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/obstructive_lung_disease" class="extiw" title="en:obstructive lung disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">obstructive lung disease</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>急性: <a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E" title="急性支氣管炎">急性支氣管炎</a></li></ul> <ul><li>慢性: <a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E9%98%BB%E5%A1%9E%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85" title="慢性阻塞性肺病">慢性阻塞性肺病</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%94%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E" title="支气管炎">慢性支氣管炎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="慢性支氣管炎急性發作" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E7%99%BC%E4%BD%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="慢性支氣管炎急性發作（页面不存在）">慢性支氣管炎急性發作</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_exacerbations_of_chronic_bronchitis" class="extiw" title="en:Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="慢性阻塞性肺病急性發作" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%85%A2%E6%80%A7%E9%98%BB%E5%A1%9E%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E7%99%BC%E4%BD%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="慢性阻塞性肺病急性發作（页面不存在）">慢性阻塞性肺病急性發作</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_exacerbation_of_chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E6%B0%A3%E8%85%AB" title="肺氣腫">肺氣腫</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%AE%E5%96%98" title="哮喘">哮喘</a>（<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="急性重症哮喘" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Acute severe asthma"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E5%93%AE%E5%96%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="急性重症哮喘（页面不存在）">急性重症哮喘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_severe_asthma" class="extiw" title="en:Acute severe asthma"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Acute severe asthma</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿司匹林加重呼吸道疾病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%8F%B8%E5%8C%B9%E6%9E%97%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8D%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E9%81%93%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿司匹林加重呼吸道疾病（页面不存在）">阿司匹林加重呼吸道疾病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin_exacerbated_respiratory_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease</span></a></span>）</span></span>（AERD）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="運動誘發哮喘" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Exercise-induced asthma"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E8%AA%98%E7%99%BC%E5%93%AE%E5%96%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="運動誘發哮喘（页面不存在）">運動誘發哮喘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise-induced_asthma" class="extiw" title="en:Exercise-induced asthma"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Exercise-induced asthma</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E6%93%B4%E5%BC%B5" title="支氣管擴張">支氣管擴張</a></li></ul> <ul><li>未指定分類: <a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%94%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E" title="支气管炎">支气管炎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="細支氣管炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bronchiolitis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%B0%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="細支氣管炎（页面不存在）">細支氣管炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchiolitis" class="extiw" title="en:Bronchiolitis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bronchiolitis</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%AD%E5%A1%9E%E6%80%A7%E7%BB%86%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%94%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E" title="闭塞性细支气管炎">闭塞性细支气管炎</a>（OB）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%80%B0%E6%BC%AB%E6%80%A7%E6%B3%9B%E7%B4%B0%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E" title="瀰漫性泛細支氣管炎">瀰漫性泛細支氣管炎</a>（DPB）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85" title="間質性肺病">間質性</a>/<br /><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="限制性肺病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Restrictive lung disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%90%E5%88%B6%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="限制性肺病（页面不存在）">限制性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restrictive_lung_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Restrictive lung disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Restrictive lung disease</span></a></span>）</span></span><br />（<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85" title="間質性肺病">纖維化</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">外部媒介/<br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%8C%E4%B8%9A%E7%97%85" title="职业病">職業性</a><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="職業性肺病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Occupational lung disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%B7%E6%A5%AD%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="職業性肺病（页面不存在）">肺病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_lung_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Occupational lung disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Occupational lung disease</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%B5%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85" title="塵肺病">肺塵病</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%B6%BF%E6%B2%89%E6%BB%AF%E7%97%87" title="石綿沉滯症">石棉肺</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鋇塵肺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Baritosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8B%87%E5%A1%B5%E8%82%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鋇塵肺（页面不存在）">鋇塵肺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baritosis" class="extiw" title="en:Baritosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Baritosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鐵釩土纖維化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bauxite fibrosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%90%B5%E9%87%A9%E5%9C%9F%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鐵釩土纖維化（页面不存在）">鐵釩土纖維化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauxite_fibrosis" class="extiw" title="en:Bauxite fibrosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bauxite fibrosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鈹肺病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Berylliosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%88%B9%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鈹肺病（页面不存在）">鈹肺病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berylliosis" class="extiw" title="en:Berylliosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Berylliosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="類風濕塵肺綜合症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Caplan's syndrome"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%9E%E9%A2%A8%E6%BF%95%E5%A1%B5%E8%82%BA%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="類風濕塵肺綜合症（页面不存在）">類風濕塵肺綜合症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caplan%27s_syndrome" class="extiw" title="en:Caplan's syndrome"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Caplan's syndrome</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="石末肺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chalicosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%B3%E6%9C%AB%E8%82%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="石末肺（页面不存在）">石末肺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalicosis" class="extiw" title="en:Chalicosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chalicosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="煤礦工人肺塵病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Coalworker's pneumoconiosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%A4%E7%A4%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%BA%BA%E8%82%BA%E5%A1%B5%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="煤礦工人肺塵病（页面不存在）">煤礦工人肺塵病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalworker%27s_pneumoconiosis" class="extiw" title="en:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Coalworker's pneumoconiosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鐵肺病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Siderosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%90%B5%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鐵肺病（页面不存在）">鐵肺病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siderosis" class="extiw" title="en:Siderosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Siderosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%B5%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85" title="塵肺病">矽肺病</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="滑石肺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pulmonary talcosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%91%E7%9F%B3%E8%82%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="滑石肺（页面不存在）">滑石肺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_talcosis" class="extiw" title="en:Pulmonary talcosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pulmonary talcosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="綿屑肺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Byssinosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%BF%E5%B1%91%E8%82%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="綿屑肺（页面不存在）">綿屑肺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byssinosis" class="extiw" title="en:Byssinosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Byssinosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="過敏性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hypersensitivity pneumonitis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="過敏性肺炎（页面不存在）">過敏性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersensitivity_pneumonitis" class="extiw" title="en:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hypersensitivity pneumonitis</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蔗塵肺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bagassosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%94%97%E5%A1%B5%E8%82%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蔗塵肺（页面不存在）">蔗塵肺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagassosis" class="extiw" title="en:Bagassosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bagassosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="養鳥人肺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bird fancier's lung"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A4%8A%E9%B3%A5%E4%BA%BA%E8%82%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="養鳥人肺（页面不存在）">養鳥人肺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird_fancier%27s_lung" class="extiw" title="en:Bird fancier's lung"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bird fancier's lung</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="農民肺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Farmer's lung"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%B2%E6%B0%91%E8%82%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="農民肺（页面不存在）">農民肺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmer%27s_lung" class="extiw" title="en:Farmer's lung"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Farmer's lung</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬勃菌病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lycoperdonosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%8B%83%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬勃菌病（页面不存在）">馬勃菌病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lycoperdonosis" class="extiw" title="en:Lycoperdonosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lycoperdonosis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">急性呼吸窘迫症候群</a>（ARDS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E6%B0%B4%E8%85%AB" title="肺水腫">肺水腫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E6%B5%B8%E6%BD%A4" title="肺浸潤">肺浸潤</a>/<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="嗜酸細胞性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eosinophilic pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%97%9C%E9%85%B8%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="嗜酸細胞性肺炎（页面不存在）">嗜酸細胞性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophilic_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Eosinophilic pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eosinophilic pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E7%99%BC%E6%80%A7%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" title="即發性過敏反應">即發性過敏反應</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="過敏性支氣管肺麴菌症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E6%80%A7%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E8%82%BA%E9%BA%B4%E8%8F%8C%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="過敏性支氣管肺麴菌症（页面不存在）">過敏性支氣管肺麴菌症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis" class="extiw" title="en:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis</span></a></span>）</span></span>（ABPA）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="急性間質性肺炎">急性間質性肺炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%8F%91%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4%E5%8C%96" title="特发性肺纤维化">特发性肺纤维化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E8%8A%82%E7%97%85" title="结节病">结节病</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">阻塞性或<br />限制性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="肺炎">肺炎</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">按病原體分類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="病毒性肺炎">病毒性肺炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="细菌性肺炎">细菌性肺炎</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肺炎球菌感染" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pneumococcal infection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E%E7%90%83%E8%8F%8C%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肺炎球菌感染（页面不存在）">肺炎球菌感染</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumococcal_infection" class="extiw" title="en:Pneumococcal infection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pneumococcal infection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="克雷伯桿菌肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Klebsiella pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%A1%BF%E8%8F%8C%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克雷伯桿菌肺炎（页面不存在）">克雷伯桿菌肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klebsiella_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Klebsiella pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Klebsiella pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%B8%E5%9E%8B%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="非典型肺炎">非典型細菌性肺炎</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E%E6%9E%9D%E5%8E%9F%E9%AB%94" title="肺炎枝原體">黴漿菌性肺炎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E5%9B%A2%E7%97%85" title="军团病">军团病</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E5%8E%9F%E9%AB%94%E5%B1%AC" title="衣原體屬">衣原體肺炎</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真菌性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fungal pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真菌性肺炎（页面不存在）">真菌性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungal_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Fungal pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fungal pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E5%9B%8A%E8%9F%B2%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="肺囊蟲肺炎">肺囊蟲肺炎</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="寄生蟲感染性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Parasitic pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%9F%B2%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寄生蟲感染性肺炎（页面不存在）">寄生蟲感染性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Parasitic pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Parasitic pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>非傳染性肺炎 <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化學性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chemical pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化學性肺炎（页面不存在）">化學性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Chemical pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chemical pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span>/<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肺部酸吸入綜合症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mendelson's syndrome"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%BA%E9%83%A8%E9%85%B8%E5%90%B8%E5%85%A5%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肺部酸吸入綜合症（页面不存在）">肺部酸吸入綜合症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendelson%27s_syndrome" class="extiw" title="en:Mendelson's syndrome"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mendelson's syndrome</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E5%85%A5%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="吸入性肺炎">吸入性肺炎</a>/<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肺脂性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lipid pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%BA%E8%84%82%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肺脂性肺炎（页面不存在）">肺脂性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Lipid pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lipid pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">按載體/路線分類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社區肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Community-acquired pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E5%8D%80%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社區肺炎（页面不存在）">社區肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community-acquired_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Community-acquired pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Community-acquired pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="醫療照護相關肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Healthcare-associated pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E7%85%A7%E8%AD%B7%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="醫療照護相關肺炎（页面不存在）">醫療照護相關肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare-associated_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Healthcare-associated pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Healthcare-associated pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span>（HAP）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="院內肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hospital-acquired pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%A2%E5%85%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="院內肺炎（页面不存在）">院內肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital-acquired_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Hospital-acquired pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hospital-acquired pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span>（HAP）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">按分佈分類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="肺炎">支氣管肺炎</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大葉性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lobar pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%91%89%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大葉性肺炎（页面不存在）">大葉性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobar_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Lobar pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lobar pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E7%99%BC%E6%80%A7%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="特發性間質性肺炎">特發性間質性肺炎</a>（IIP）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="普通型間質性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Usual interstitial pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E5%9E%8B%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="普通型間質性肺炎（页面不存在）">普通型間質性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usual_interstitial_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Usual interstitial pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Usual interstitial pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span>（UIP）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="脫屑性間質性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Desquamative interstitial pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%AB%E5%B1%91%E6%80%A7%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脫屑性間質性肺炎（页面不存在）">脫屑性間質性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desquamative_interstitial_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Desquamative interstitial pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Desquamative interstitial pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span>（DIP）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阻塞性細支氣管炎伴機化性肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BB%E5%A1%9E%E6%80%A7%E7%B4%B0%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E%E4%BC%B4%E6%A9%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阻塞性細支氣管炎伴機化性肺炎（页面不存在）">阻塞性細支氣管炎伴機化性肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchiolitis_obliterans_organizing_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span>（BOOP-COP）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%89%B9%E7%95%B0%E6%80%A7%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E" title="非特異性間質性肺炎">非特異性間質性肺炎</a>（NSIP）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="呼吸性細支氣管炎伴間質性肺病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E6%80%A7%E7%B4%B0%E6%94%AF%E6%B0%A3%E7%AE%A1%E7%82%8E%E4%BC%B4%E9%96%93%E8%B3%AA%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="呼吸性細支氣管炎伴間質性肺病（页面不存在）">呼吸性細支氣管炎伴間質性肺病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_bronchiolitis_interstitial_lung_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Respiratory bronchiolitis interstitial lung disease</span></a></span>）</span></span>（RB）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肺不張" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Atelectasis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%BA%E4%B8%8D%E5%BC%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肺不張（页面不存在）">肺不張</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atelectasis" class="extiw" title="en:Atelectasis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Atelectasis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>循環相關 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E9%AB%98%E5%A3%93" title="肺高壓">肺動脈高血壓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E6%A0%93%E5%A1%9E" title="肺栓塞">肺栓塞</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肺膿腫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lung abscess"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%BA%E8%86%BF%E8%85%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肺膿腫（页面不存在）">肺膿腫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung_abscess" class="extiw" title="en:Lung abscess"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lung abscess</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B8%E8%86%9C%E8%85%94" title="胸膜腔">胸膜腔</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%B1%E8%86%88" title="縱膈">縱膈</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="胸膜腔疾病" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pleural disease"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%B8%E8%86%9C%E8%85%94%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胸膜腔疾病（页面不存在）">胸膜腔疾病</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleural_disease" class="extiw" title="en:Pleural disease"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pleural disease</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B8%E8%86%9C%E7%82%8E" title="胸膜炎">胸膜炎</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E8%83%B8" title="氣胸">氣胸</a>/<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="血氣胸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hemopneumothorax"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E6%B0%A3%E8%83%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血氣胸（页面不存在）">血氣胸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemopneumothorax" class="extiw" title="en:Hemopneumothorax"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hemopneumothorax</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B8%E8%85%94%E7%A7%AF%E6%B6%B2" title="胸腔积液">胸腔积液</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E8%83%B8" title="血胸">血胸</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水胸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hydrothorax"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E8%83%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水胸（页面不存在）">水胸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothorax" class="extiw" title="en:Hydrothorax"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hydrothorax</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乳糜性水胸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chylothorax"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%B3%E7%B3%9C%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%B4%E8%83%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乳糜性水胸（页面不存在）">乳糜性水胸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chylothorax" class="extiw" title="en:Chylothorax"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chylothorax</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%BF%E8%83%B8" title="膿胸">膿胸</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="惡性胸腔積液" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Malignant pleural effusion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%83%A1%E6%80%A7%E8%83%B8%E8%85%94%E7%A9%8D%E6%B6%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="惡性胸腔積液（页面不存在）">惡性胸腔積液</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_pleural_effusion" class="extiw" title="en:Malignant pleural effusion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malignant pleural effusion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> <dl><dd><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纖維胸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fibrothorax"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD%E8%83%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纖維胸（页面不存在）">纖維胸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrothorax" class="extiw" title="en:Fibrothorax"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fibrothorax</span></a></span>）</span></span></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%B1%E8%86%88" title="縱膈">縱隔疾病</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="縱隔炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mediastinitis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%B1%E9%9A%94%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="縱隔炎（页面不存在）">縱隔炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediastinitis" class="extiw" title="en:Mediastinitis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mediastinitis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="縱隔氣腫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pneumomediastinum"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%B1%E9%9A%94%E6%B0%A3%E8%85%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="縱隔氣腫（页面不存在）">縱隔氣腫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumomediastinum" class="extiw" title="en:Pneumomediastinum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pneumomediastinum</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他/一般性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="呼吸衰竭">呼吸衰竭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%84%9F%E5%86%92" title="流行性感冒">流行性感冒</a>（flu）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%B4%E9%87%8D%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E7%97%87" title="嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症">严重急性呼吸道综合征</a>（SARS）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%86%A0%E7%8A%B6%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92%E7%97%85" title="2019冠状病毒病">2019冠状病毒病</a>（COVID-19）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="特發性肺含鐵血黃素沉積症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E7%99%BC%E6%80%A7%E8%82%BA%E5%90%AB%E9%90%B5%E8%A1%80%E9%BB%83%E7%B4%A0%E6%B2%89%E7%A9%8D%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="特發性肺含鐵血黃素沉積症（页面不存在）">特發性肺含鐵血黃素沉積症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idiopathic_pulmonary_haemosiderosis" class="extiw" title="en:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis</span></a></span>）</span></span>（IPH）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA%E6%B3%A1%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E6%B2%89%E7%9D%80%E7%97%87" title="肺泡蛋白沉着症">肺泡蛋白沉積症</a>（PAP）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: transparent; padding: 0px;"><div></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-_ODDEVEN_" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align:center;background:#efefef;;;text-align:center;background:MistyRose;;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA" title="Template:医学导航">医学导航</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="呼吸系统">呼吸系统</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:#efefef;;;text-align:center;background:white;;width:10em;"><div> <p>解剖(<a href="/wiki/Template:Nose_anatomy" title="Template:Nose anatomy">n</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Larynx_anatomy" title="Template:Larynx anatomy">x</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Lower_respiratory_system_anatomy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Lower respiratory system anatomy（页面不存在）">l</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Thoracic_cavity" title="Template:Thoracic cavity">c</a>)/<a href="/wiki/Template:Respiratory_physiology" title="Template:Respiratory physiology">生理</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Development_of_respiratory_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Development of respiratory system（页面不存在）">发育</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:#efefef;;;text-align:center;background:silver;;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Template:Respiratory_pathology" title="Template:Respiratory pathology">病理</a>(<a href="/wiki/Template:Common_cold" title="Template:Common cold">c</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Pneumonia" title="Template:Pneumonia">p</a>)/<a href="/wiki/Template:Congenital_malformations_and_deformations_of_respiratory_system" title="Template:Congenital malformations and deformations of respiratory system">先天</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E9%81%93%E8%82%BF%E7%98%A4" title="Template:呼吸道肿瘤">肿瘤</a>, <a href="/wiki/Template:Respiratory_system_symptoms_and_signs" title="Template:Respiratory system symptoms and signs">症状</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Eponymous_medical_signs_for_respiratory_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Eponymous medical signs for respiratory system（页面不存在）">人名体征</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Chest_trauma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Chest trauma（页面不存在）">创伤</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align:center;background:#efefef;;;text-align:center;background:#ccf;;width:10em;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Template:Respiratory_system_procedures" title="Template:Respiratory system procedures">手术</a>, 药品(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Nasal_preparations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Nasal preparations（页面不存在）">R1</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:Throat_preparations" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Throat preparations">2</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:Drugs_for_obstructive_airway_diseases" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Drugs for obstructive airway diseases">3</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Cough_and_cold_preparations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Cough and cold preparations（页面不存在）">5</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:Histaminergics" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Histaminergics">6</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Other_respiratory_system_products&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Other respiratory system products（页面不存在）">7</a>) </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="重症醫學" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="Template:重症醫學"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="Template talk:重症醫學"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:重症醫學"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="重症醫學" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E5%8A%A0%E8%AD%B7%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" title="重症加護醫學">重症醫學</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="健康科學">健康科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="醫學">醫學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%B0%88%E7%A7%91" title="醫學專科">醫學專科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E6%B2%BB%E7%96%97%E5%B8%88" title="呼吸治疗师">呼吸治療師</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">通用術語</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%AD%B7%E7%97%85%E6%88%BF" title="加護病房">重症监护室</a>（ICU）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E7%94%9F%E5%AC%B0%E5%85%92%E6%B7%B1%E5%88%87%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82%E9%83%A8" title="初生嬰兒深切治療部">初生嬰兒深切治療部</a>（NICU）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="兒科加護病房" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pediatric intensive care unit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%92%E7%A7%91%E5%8A%A0%E8%AD%B7%E7%97%85%E6%88%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="兒科加護病房（页面不存在）">兒科加護病房</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pediatric_intensive_care_unit" class="extiw" title="en:Pediatric intensive care unit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pediatric intensive care unit</span></a></span>）</span></span>（PICU）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="心臟內科加護病房" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Coronary care unit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BF%83%E8%87%9F%E5%85%A7%E7%A7%91%E5%8A%A0%E8%AD%B7%E7%97%85%E6%88%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="心臟內科加護病房（页面不存在）">心臟內科加護病房</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_care_unit" class="extiw" title="en:Coronary care unit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Coronary care unit</span></a></span>）</span></span>（CCU）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%A4%A7%E7%96%BE%E7%97%85%E4%BF%9D%E9%99%A9" title="重大疾病保险">重大疾病保险</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">狀態</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">器官功能衰竭</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <dl><dt>休克順序</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%BA%AB%E6%80%A7%E7%99%BC%E7%82%8E%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E7%97%87%E5%80%99%E7%BE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="全身性發炎反應症候群">全身性發炎反應症候群</a>（SIRS）</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%97%E8%A1%80%E7%97%87" title="敗血症">敗血症</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%97%E8%A1%80%E7%97%87" title="敗血症">嚴重敗血症</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%97%E8%A1%80%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="敗血性休克">敗血性休克</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>其他<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="休克">休克</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%9B%A0%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="心因性休克">心因性休克</a></dd> <dd><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分佈性休克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="distributive shock"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="分布性休克">分佈性休克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/distributive_shock" class="extiw" title="en:distributive shock"><span lang="en" dir="auto">distributive shock</span></a></span>）</span></span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%BA%AB%E5%9E%8B%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E6%80%A7%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="全身型過敏性反應">全身型過敏性反應</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BB%E5%A1%9E%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B" title="阻塞性休克">阻塞性休克</a></dd> <dd><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="神經性休克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Neurogenic shock"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E6%80%A7%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="神經性休克（页面不存在）">神經性休克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurogenic_shock" class="extiw" title="en:Neurogenic shock"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Neurogenic shock</span></a></span>）</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="脊髓休克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Spinal shock"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%8A%E9%AB%93%E4%BC%91%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脊髓休克（页面不存在）">脊髓休克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_shock" class="extiw" title="en:Spinal shock"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Spinal shock</span></a></span>）</span></span></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E5%BE%81" title="多器官功能障碍综合征">器官衰竭</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E8%85%8E%E6%90%8D%E5%82%B7" title="急性腎損傷">急性腎損傷</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">急性呼吸窘迫症候群</a></dd> <dd><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="急性肝功能衰竭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="acute liver failure"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%80%A5%E6%80%A7%E8%82%9D%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="急性肝功能衰竭（页面不存在）">急性肝功能衰竭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/acute_liver_failure" class="extiw" title="en:acute liver failure"><span lang="en" dir="auto">acute liver failure</span></a></span>）</span></span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E8%A1%B0%E7%AB%AD" title="呼吸衰竭">呼吸衰竭</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E5%BE%81" title="多器官功能障碍综合征">多重器官衰竭症候群</a></dd></dl> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新生兒感染" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Neonatal infection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%94%9F%E5%84%BF%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93" title="新生儿感染">新生兒感染</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_infection" class="extiw" title="en:Neonatal infection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Neonatal infection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="多重創傷" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polytrauma"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E5%89%B5%E5%82%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多重創傷（页面不存在）">多重創傷</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytrauma" class="extiw" title="en:Polytrauma"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polytrauma</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8F%E8%BF%B7" title="昏迷">昏迷</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">併發症</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="重症多發性神經病變" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Critical illness polyneuropathy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E5%A4%9A%E7%99%BC%E6%80%A7%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%97%85%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重症多發性神經病變（页面不存在）">重症多發性神經病變</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_illness_polyneuropathy" class="extiw" title="en:Critical illness polyneuropathy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Critical illness polyneuropathy</span></a></span>）</span></span> / 肌肉病變</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="重症相關糖皮質激素不足" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Critical illness–related corticosteroid insufficiency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E7%B3%96%E7%9A%AE%E8%B3%AA%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%8D%E8%B6%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重症相關糖皮質激素不足（页面不存在）">重症相關糖皮質激素不足</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_illness%E2%80%93related_corticosteroid_insufficiency" class="extiw" title="en:Critical illness–related corticosteroid insufficiency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Critical illness–related corticosteroid insufficiency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%A5%E7%96%AE" title="褥疮">褥疮</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="真菌性菌血症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fungemia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E8%8F%8C%E6%80%A7%E8%8F%8C%E8%A1%80%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真菌性菌血症（页面不存在）">真菌性菌血症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungemia" class="extiw" title="en:Fungemia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fungemia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="壓力性高血糖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="stress hyperglycemia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B%E6%80%A7%E9%AB%98%E8%A1%80%E7%B3%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="壓力性高血糖（页面不存在）">壓力性高血糖</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/stress_hyperglycemia" class="extiw" title="en:stress hyperglycemia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">stress hyperglycemia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A3%93%E5%8A%9B%E6%80%A7%E6%BD%B0%E7%98%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="壓力性潰瘍（页面不存在）">壓力性潰瘍</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E6%BA%90%E7%97%85" title="醫源病">醫源病</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E8%97%A5%E6%80%A7%E9%87%91%E9%BB%83%E8%89%B2%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%90%83%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌">抗藥性金黃色葡萄球菌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%B0%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%AF%92" title="氧气中毒">氧氣中毒</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="再餵養綜合症" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="refeeding syndrome"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%8D%E9%A4%B5%E9%A4%8A%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E7%97%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="再餵養綜合症（页面不存在）">再餵養綜合症</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/refeeding_syndrome" class="extiw" title="en:refeeding syndrome"><span lang="en" dir="auto">refeeding syndrome</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="呼吸器相關肺損傷" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ventilator-associated lung injury"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E5%99%A8%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E8%82%BA%E6%90%8D%E5%82%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="呼吸器相關肺損傷（页面不存在）">呼吸器相關肺損傷</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilator-associated_lung_injury" class="extiw" title="en:Ventilator-associated lung injury"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ventilator-associated lung injury</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="呼吸器相關肺炎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ventilator-associated pneumonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8%E5%99%A8%E7%9B%B8%E9%97%9C%E8%82%BA%E7%82%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="呼吸器相關肺炎（页面不存在）">呼吸器相關肺炎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilator-associated_pneumonia" class="extiw" title="en:Ventilator-associated pneumonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ventilator-associated pneumonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E6%9E%90%E6%90%8D%E5%82%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="透析損傷">透析損傷</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">診斷</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="動脈血液氣體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="arterial blood gas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%95%E8%84%88%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="動脈血液氣體（页面不存在）">動脈血液氣體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/arterial_blood_gas" class="extiw" title="en:arterial blood gas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">arterial blood gas</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="導管 (醫學)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Catheter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8E%E7%AE%A1_(%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="導管 (醫學)（页面不存在）">導管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catheter" class="extiw" title="en:Catheter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Catheter</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%95%E8%84%88%E5%B0%8E%E7%AE%A1" title="動脈導管">動脈導管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E9%9D%9C%E8%84%88%E5%B0%8E%E7%AE%A1" title="中心靜脈導管">中心靜脈導管</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="肺動脈導管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pulmonary artery catheter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%BA%E5%8B%95%E8%84%88%E5%B0%8E%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肺動脈導管（页面不存在）">肺動脈導管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_artery_catheter" class="extiw" title="en:Pulmonary artery catheter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pulmonary artery catheter</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E5%9F%B9%E9%A4%8A" title="血液培養">血液培養</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="篩選培養" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Screening cultures"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%A9%E9%81%B8%E5%9F%B9%E9%A4%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="篩選培養（页面不存在）">篩選培養</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screening_cultures" class="extiw" title="en:Screening cultures"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Screening cultures</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生命維持" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Life support"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E7%B6%AD%E6%8C%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生命維持（页面不存在）">生命維持</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_support" class="extiw" title="en:Life support"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Life support</span></a></span>）</span></span>治療</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="氣道處理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Airway management"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%A3%E9%81%93%E8%99%95%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="氣道處理（页面不存在）">氣道處理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_management" class="extiw" title="en:Airway management"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Airway management</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B8%E7%AE%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="胸管">胸管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E6%9E%90" title="透析">透析</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="給食管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Feeding tube"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B5%A6%E9%A3%9F%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="給食管（页面不存在）">給食管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feeding_tube" class="extiw" title="en:Feeding tube"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Feeding tube</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="目標導向治療" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Goal-directed therapy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%AE%E6%A8%99%E5%B0%8E%E5%90%91%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="目標導向治療（页面不存在）">目標導向治療</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goal-directed_therapy" class="extiw" title="en:Goal-directed therapy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Goal-directed therapy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="誘導昏迷" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Induced coma"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AA%98%E5%B0%8E%E6%98%8F%E8%BF%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="誘導昏迷（页面不存在）">誘導昏迷</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induced_coma" class="extiw" title="en:Induced coma"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Induced coma</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="機械呼吸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mechanical ventilation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="機械呼吸（页面不存在）">機械呼吸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_ventilation" class="extiw" title="en:Mechanical ventilation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mechanical ventilation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="低溫治療" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Therapeutic hypothermia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8E%E6%BA%AB%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="低溫治療（页面不存在）">低溫治療</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_hypothermia" class="extiw" title="en:Therapeutic hypothermia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Therapeutic hypothermia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E8%84%88%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="靜脈營養">靜脈營養</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E7%AE%A1%E6%8F%92%E7%AE%A1" title="气管插管">氣管插管</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">藥物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%87%E7%97%9B%E8%8D%AF" title="镇痛药">鎮痛藥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E8%8D%AF" title="抗细菌药">抗細菌藥</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="抗血栓藥" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Antithrombotic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%97%E8%A1%80%E6%A0%93%E8%97%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="抗血栓藥（页面不存在）">抗血栓藥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antithrombotic" class="extiw" title="en:Antithrombotic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Antithrombotic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="強心劑" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Inotrope"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%B7%E5%BF%83%E5%8A%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="強心劑（页面不存在）">強心劑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inotrope" class="extiw" title="en:Inotrope"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Inotrope</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9C%E8%84%88%E6%B3%A8%E5%B0%84" title="靜脈注射">靜脈注射</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E8%82%8C%E8%82%89%E9%98%BB%E6%BB%9E%E8%8D%AF" title="神经肌肉阻滞药">神经肌肉阻滞药</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="重組活化C蛋白" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Drotrecogin alfa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E7%B5%84%E6%B4%BB%E5%8C%96C%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重組活化C蛋白（页面不存在）">重組活化C蛋白</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drotrecogin_alfa" class="extiw" title="en:Drotrecogin alfa"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Drotrecogin alfa</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%AE%E9%9D%9C%E5%8A%91" title="鎮靜劑">鎮靜劑</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="應激性潰瘍" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stress ulcer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%87%89%E6%BF%80%E6%80%A7%E6%BD%B0%E7%98%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="應激性潰瘍（页面不存在）">應激性潰瘍</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_ulcer" class="extiw" title="en:Stress ulcer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stress ulcer</span></a></span>）</span></span>的預防藥物</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="血管升壓類藥物" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Antihypotensive agent"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%8D%87%E5%A3%93%E9%A1%9E%E8%97%A5%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="血管升壓類藥物（页面不存在）">血管升壓類藥物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antihypotensive_agent" class="extiw" title="en:Antihypotensive agent"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Antihypotensive agent</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="ICU評分系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="ICU scoring systems"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ICU%E8%A9%95%E5%88%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ICU評分系統（页面不存在）">ICU評分系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICU_scoring_systems" class="extiw" title="en:ICU scoring systems"><span lang="en" dir="auto">ICU scoring systems</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="APACHE II" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="APACHE II"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=APACHE_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APACHE II（页面不存在）">APACHE II</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APACHE_II" class="extiw" title="en:APACHE II"><span lang="en" dir="auto">APACHE II</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8F%E8%BF%B7%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8" title="昏迷指數">昏迷指數</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="PIM2" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="PIM2"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=PIM2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PIM2（页面不存在）">PIM2</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIM2" class="extiw" title="en:PIM2"><span lang="en" dir="auto">PIM2</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="SAPS II" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="SAPS II"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SAPS_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAPS II（页面不存在）">SAPS II</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAPS_II" class="extiw" title="en:SAPS II"><span lang="en" dir="auto">SAPS II</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="SAPS III" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="SAPS III"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SAPS_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SAPS III（页面不存在）">SAPS III</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAPS_III" class="extiw" title="en:SAPS III"><span lang="en" dir="auto">SAPS III</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="SOFA score" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="SOFA score"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SOFA_score&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SOFA score（页面不存在）">SOFA</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOFA_score" class="extiw" title="en:SOFA score"><span lang="en" dir="auto">SOFA score</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生理學</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="血液動力學">血液動力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E8%A1%80%E5%A3%93" title="低血壓">低血壓</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="意識水平" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Level of consciousness"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AF%86%E6%B0%B4%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="意识水平">意識水平</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level_of_consciousness" class="extiw" title="en:Level of consciousness"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Level of consciousness</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="酸鹼平衡失調" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Acid–base imbalance"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%B8%E9%B9%BC%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E5%A4%B1%E8%AA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="酸鹼平衡失調（页面不存在）">酸鹼平衡失調</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid%E2%80%93base_imbalance" class="extiw" title="en:Acid–base imbalance"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Acid–base imbalance</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A7%A3%E8%B3%AA%E4%B8%8D%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="電解質不平衡">電解質不平衡</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組織</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="重症醫學會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Society of Critical Care Medicine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="重症醫學會（页面不存在）">重症醫學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_Critical_Care_Medicine" class="extiw" title="en:Society of Critical Care Medicine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Society of Critical Care Medicine</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="敗血症存活陣營" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Surviving Sepsis Campaign"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%97%E8%A1%80%E7%97%87%E5%AD%98%E6%B4%BB%E9%99%A3%E7%87%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="敗血症存活陣營（页面不存在）">敗血症存活陣營</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surviving_Sepsis_Campaign" class="extiw" title="en:Surviving Sepsis Campaign"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Surviving Sepsis Campaign</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="歐洲兒科學會與新生兒重症監護" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%92%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E8%88%87%E6%96%B0%E7%94%9F%E5%85%92%E9%87%8D%E7%97%87%E7%9B%A3%E8%AD%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歐洲兒科學會與新生兒重症監護（页面不存在）">歐洲兒科學會與新生兒重症監護</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Society_of_Paediatric_and_Neonatal_Intensive_Care" class="extiw" title="en:European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care"><span lang="en" dir="auto">European Society of Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相關專業</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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