CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="applicable-device" content="pc,mobile"> <meta name="access" content="No"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="SpringerLink"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Content cover image"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assozi"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Das Immunsystem unterliegt im Laufe des Lebens stetigen Veränderungen, da es sich immer wieder an neue Umweltbedingungen anpassen muss. Diesem generellen Prinzip liegen viele detaillierte Anpassungsphasen zugrunde. Nach der Geburt muss das Immunsystem..."/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://static-content.springer.com/cover/book/978-3-642-18741-4.jpg"/> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"/> <meta name="DOI" content="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"/> <meta name="dc.description" content="Das Immunsystem unterliegt im Laufe des Lebens stetigen Veränderungen, da es sich immer wieder an neue Umweltbedingungen anpassen muss. Diesem generellen Prinzip liegen viele detaillierte Anpassungsphasen zugrunde. Nach der Geburt muss das Immunsystem..."/> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16.pdf"/> <meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"/> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"/> <meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder"/> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2004"/> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="429"/> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="464"/> <meta name="citation_language" content="de"/> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"/> <meta name="citation_isbn" content="978-3-642-18741-4"/> <meta name="size" content="648237"/> <meta name="description" content="Das Immunsystem unterliegt im Laufe des Lebens stetigen Veränderungen, da es sich immer wieder an neue Umweltbedingungen anpassen muss. Diesem generellen Prinzip liegen viele detaillierte Anpassungsphasen zugrunde. Nach der Geburt muss das Immunsystem..."/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Rink, Lothar"/> <meta name="citation_author" content="Dalhoff, Klaus"/> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg"/> <meta name="citation_springer_api_url" content="http://api.springer.com/xmldata/jats?q=doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16&api_key="/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"/> <meta property="og:type" content="Paper"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="SpringerLink"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Das Immunsystem unterliegt im Laufe des Lebens stetigen Ver&#228;nderungen, da es sich immer wieder an neue Umweltbedingungen anpassen muss. Diesem generellen Prinzip liegen viele detaillierte Anpassungsphasen zugrunde. Nach der Geburt muss das Immunsystem..."/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://static-content.springer.com/cover/book/978-3-642-18741-4.jpg"/> <title>Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder | SpringerLink</title> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/apple-touch-icon-92e819bf8a.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="192x192" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/android-chrome-192x192-6f081ca7e5.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-32x32-1435da3e82.png> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-16x16-ed57f42bd2.png> <link rel="shortcut icon" data-test="shortcut-icon" href=/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-c6d59aafac.ico> <meta name="theme-color" content="#e6e6e6"> <script>(function(H){H.className=H.className.replace(/\bno-js\b/,'js')})(document.documentElement)</script>   <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href=/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/print-b8af42253b.css> <style> html{text-size-adjust:100%;line-height:1.15}body{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;line-height:1.8;margin:0}details,main{display:block}h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}a{background-color:transparent;color:#025e8d}sub{bottom:-.25em;font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}img{border:0;height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:middle}button,input{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;margin:0;overflow:visible}button{text-transform:none}[type=button],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}summary{display:list-item}[hidden]{display:none}button{cursor:pointer}svg{height:1rem;width:1rem} </style> <style>@media only print, only all and (prefers-color-scheme: no-preference), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: light), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { body{background:#fff;color:#222;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;line-height:1.8;min-height:100%}a{color:#025e8d;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-skip-ink:auto}button{cursor:pointer}img{border:0;height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:middle}html{box-sizing:border-box;font-size:100%;height:100%;overflow-y:scroll}h1{font-size:2.25rem}h2{font-size:1.75rem}h1,h2,h4{font-weight:700;line-height:1.2}h4{font-size:1.25rem}body{font-size:1.125rem}*{box-sizing:inherit}p{margin-bottom:2rem;margin-top:0}p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.c-ad{text-align:center}@media only screen and (min-width:480px){.c-ad{padding:8px}}.c-ad--728x90{display:none}.c-ad--728x90 .c-ad__inner{min-height:calc(1.5em + 94px)}@media only screen and (min-width:876px){.js .c-ad--728x90{display:none}}.c-ad__label{color:#333;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.5;margin-bottom:4px}.c-ad__label,.c-status-message{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.c-status-message{align-items:center;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;position:relative;width:100%}.c-status-message :last-child{margin-bottom:0}.c-status-message--boxed{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #ccc;line-height:1.4;padding:16px}.c-status-message__heading{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700}.c-status-message__icon{fill:currentcolor;display:inline-block;flex:0 0 auto;height:1.5em;margin-right:8px;transform:translate(0);vertical-align:text-top;width:1.5em}.c-status-message__icon--top{align-self:flex-start}.c-status-message--info .c-status-message__icon{color:#003f8d}.c-status-message--boxed.c-status-message--info{border-bottom:4px solid #003f8d}.c-status-message--error .c-status-message__icon{color:#c40606}.c-status-message--boxed.c-status-message--error{border-bottom:4px solid #c40606}.c-status-message--success .c-status-message__icon{color:#00b8b0}.c-status-message--boxed.c-status-message--success{border-bottom:4px solid #00b8b0}.c-status-message--warning .c-status-message__icon{color:#edbc53}.c-status-message--boxed.c-status-message--warning{border-bottom:4px solid #edbc53}.eds-c-header{background-color:#fff;border-bottom:2px solid #01324b;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;padding:8px 0 0}.eds-c-header__container{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:8px 16px;justify-content:space-between;margin:0 auto 8px;max-width:1280px;padding:0 8px;position:relative}.eds-c-header__nav{border-top:2px solid #c5e0f4;padding-top:4px;position:relative}.eds-c-header__nav-container{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 auto 4px;max-width:1280px;padding:0 8px;position:relative}.eds-c-header__nav-container>:not(:last-child){margin-right:32px}.eds-c-header__link-container{align-items:center;display:flex;flex:1 0 auto;gap:8px 16px;justify-content:space-between}.eds-c-header__list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.eds-c-header__list-item{font-weight:700;margin:0 auto;max-width:1280px;padding:8px}.eds-c-header__list-item:not(:last-child){border-bottom:2px solid #c5e0f4}.eds-c-header__item{color:inherit}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.eds-c-header__item--menu{display:none;visibility:hidden}.eds-c-header__item--menu:first-child+*{margin-block-start:0}}.eds-c-header__item--inline-links{display:none;visibility:hidden}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.eds-c-header__item--inline-links{display:flex;gap:16px 16px;visibility:visible}}.eds-c-header__item--divider:before{border-left:2px solid #c5e0f4;content:"";height:calc(100% - 16px);margin-left:-15px;position:absolute;top:8px}.eds-c-header__brand{padding:16px 8px}.eds-c-header__brand a{display:block;line-height:1;text-decoration:none}.eds-c-header__brand img{height:1.5rem;width:auto}.eds-c-header__link{color:inherit;display:inline-block;font-weight:700;padding:16px 8px;position:relative;text-decoration-color:transparent;white-space:nowrap;word-break:normal}.eds-c-header__icon{fill:currentcolor;display:inline-block;font-size:1.5rem;height:1em;transform:translate(0);vertical-align:bottom;width:1em}.eds-c-header__icon+*{margin-left:8px}.eds-c-header__expander{background-color:#f0f7fc}.eds-c-header__search{display:block;padding:24px 0}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.eds-c-header__search{max-width:70%}}.eds-c-header__search-container{position:relative}.eds-c-header__search-label{color:inherit;display:inline-block;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:8px}.eds-c-header__search-input{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #000;padding:8px 48px 8px 8px;width:100%}.eds-c-header__search-button{background-color:transparent;border:0;color:inherit;height:100%;padding:0 8px;position:absolute;right:0}.has-tethered.eds-c-header__expander{border-bottom:2px solid #01324b;left:0;margin-top:-2px;top:100%;width:100%;z-index:10}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.has-tethered.eds-c-header__expander--menu{display:none;visibility:hidden}}.has-tethered .eds-c-header__heading{display:none;visibility:hidden}.has-tethered .eds-c-header__heading:first-child+*{margin-block-start:0}.has-tethered .eds-c-header__search{margin:auto}.eds-c-header__heading{margin:0 auto;max-width:1280px;padding:16px 16px 0}.eds-c-pagination{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;gap:16px 0;justify-content:center;line-height:1.4;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:32px 0}@media only screen and (min-width:480px){.eds-c-pagination{padding:32px 16px}}.eds-c-pagination__item{margin-right:8px}.eds-c-pagination__item--prev{margin-right:16px}.eds-c-pagination__item--next .eds-c-pagination__link,.eds-c-pagination__item--prev .eds-c-pagination__link{padding:16px 8px}.eds-c-pagination__item--next{margin-left:8px}.eds-c-pagination__item:last-child{margin-right:0}.eds-c-pagination__link{align-items:center;color:#222;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;font-size:1rem;margin:0;padding:16px 24px;position:relative;text-align:center;transition:all .2s ease 0s}.eds-c-pagination__link:visited{color:#222}.eds-c-pagination__link--disabled{border-color:#555;color:#555;cursor:default}.eds-c-pagination__link--active{background-color:#01324b;background-image:none;border-radius:8px;color:#fff}.eds-c-pagination__link--active:focus,.eds-c-pagination__link--active:hover,.eds-c-pagination__link--active:visited{color:#fff}.eds-c-pagination__link-container{align-items:center;display:flex}.eds-c-pagination__icon{fill:#222;height:1.5rem;width:1.5rem}.eds-c-pagination__icon--disabled{fill:#555}.eds-c-pagination__visually-hidden{clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0;clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;white-space:nowrap;width:1px}.c-breadcrumbs{color:#333;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.c-breadcrumbs>li{display:inline}svg.c-breadcrumbs__chevron{fill:#333;height:10px;margin:0 .25rem;width:10px}.c-breadcrumbs--contrast,.c-breadcrumbs--contrast .c-breadcrumbs__link{color:#fff}.c-breadcrumbs--contrast svg.c-breadcrumbs__chevron{fill:#fff}@media only screen and (max-width:479px){.c-breadcrumbs .c-breadcrumbs__item{display:none}.c-breadcrumbs .c-breadcrumbs__item:last-child,.c-breadcrumbs .c-breadcrumbs__item:nth-last-child(2){display:inline}}.c-skip-link{background:#01324b;bottom:auto;color:#fff;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;padding:8px;position:absolute;text-align:center;transform:translateY(-100%);width:100%;z-index:9999}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.c-skip-link{transition:top .3s ease-in-out 0s}}@media print{.c-skip-link{display:none}}.c-skip-link:active,.c-skip-link:hover,.c-skip-link:link,.c-skip-link:visited{color:#fff}.c-skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.l-with-sidebar{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.l-with-sidebar>*{margin:0}.l-with-sidebar__sidebar{flex-basis:var(--with-sidebar--basis,400px);flex-grow:1}.l-with-sidebar>:not(.l-with-sidebar__sidebar){flex-basis:0px;flex-grow:999;min-width:var(--with-sidebar--min,53%)}.l-with-sidebar>:first-child{padding-right:4rem}@supports (gap:1em){.l-with-sidebar>:first-child{padding-right:0}.l-with-sidebar{gap:var(--with-sidebar--gap,4rem)}}.c-header__link{color:inherit;display:inline-block;font-weight:700;padding:16px 8px;position:relative;text-decoration-color:transparent;white-space:nowrap;word-break:normal}.app-masthead__colour-4{--background-color:#ff9500;--gradient-light:rgba(0,0,0,.5);--gradient-dark:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}.app-masthead{background:var(--background-color,#0070a8);position:relative}.app-masthead:after{background:radial-gradient(circle at top right,var(--gradient-light,rgba(0,0,0,.4)),var(--gradient-dark,rgba(0,0,0,.7)));bottom:0;content:"";left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:0}@media only screen and (max-width:479px){.app-masthead:after{background:linear-gradient(225deg,var(--gradient-light,rgba(0,0,0,.4)),var(--gradient-dark,rgba(0,0,0,.7)))}}.app-masthead__container{color:var(--masthead-color,#fff);margin:0 auto;max-width:1280px;padding:0 16px;position:relative;z-index:1}.u-button{align-items:center;background-color:#01324b;background-image:none;border:4px solid transparent;border-radius:32px;cursor:pointer;display:inline-flex;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700;justify-content:center;line-height:1.3;margin:0;padding:16px 32px;position:relative;transition:all .2s ease 0s;width:auto}.u-button svg,.u-button--contrast svg,.u-button--primary svg,.u-button--secondary svg,.u-button--tertiary svg{fill:currentcolor}.u-button,.u-button:visited{color:#fff}.u-button,.u-button:hover{box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #01324b;text-decoration:none}.u-button:hover{border:4px solid #fff}.u-button:focus{border:4px solid #fc0;box-shadow:none;outline:0;text-decoration:none}.u-button:focus,.u-button:hover{background-color:#fff;background-image:none;color:#01324b}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:focus svg path,.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover svg path,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:focus svg path,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover svg path,.u-button--primary:focus svg path,.u-button--primary:hover svg path,.u-button:focus svg path,.u-button:hover svg path{fill:#01324b}.u-button--primary{background-color:#01324b;background-image:none;border:4px solid transparent;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #01324b;color:#fff;font-weight:700}.u-button--primary:visited{color:#fff}.u-button--primary:hover{border:4px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #01324b;text-decoration:none}.u-button--primary:focus{border:4px solid #fc0;box-shadow:none;outline:0;text-decoration:none}.u-button--primary:focus,.u-button--primary:hover{background-color:#fff;background-image:none;color:#01324b}.u-button--secondary{background-color:#fff;border:4px solid #fff;color:#01324b;font-weight:700}.u-button--secondary:visited{color:#01324b}.u-button--secondary:hover{border:4px solid #01324b;box-shadow:none}.u-button--secondary:focus,.u-button--secondary:hover{background-color:#01324b;color:#fff}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:focus svg path,.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:hover svg path,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:focus svg path,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:hover svg path,.u-button--secondary:focus svg path,.u-button--secondary:hover svg path,.u-button--tertiary:focus svg path,.u-button--tertiary:hover svg path{fill:#fff}.u-button--tertiary{background-color:#ebf1f5;border:4px solid transparent;box-shadow:none;color:#666;font-weight:700}.u-button--tertiary:visited{color:#666}.u-button--tertiary:hover{border:4px solid #01324b;box-shadow:none}.u-button--tertiary:focus,.u-button--tertiary:hover{background-color:#01324b;color:#fff}.u-button--contrast{background-color:transparent;background-image:none;color:#fff;font-weight:400}.u-button--contrast:visited{color:#fff}.u-button--contrast,.u-button--contrast:focus,.u-button--contrast:hover{border:4px solid #fff}.u-button--contrast:focus,.u-button--contrast:hover{background-color:#fff;background-image:none;color:#000}.u-button--contrast:focus svg path,.u-button--contrast:hover svg path{fill:#000}.u-button--disabled,.u-button:disabled{background-color:transparent;background-image:none;border:4px solid #ccc;color:#000;cursor:default;font-weight:400;opacity:.7}.u-button--disabled svg,.u-button:disabled svg{fill:currentcolor}.u-button--disabled:visited,.u-button:disabled:visited{color:#000}.u-button--disabled:focus,.u-button--disabled:hover,.u-button:disabled:focus,.u-button:disabled:hover{border:4px solid #ccc;text-decoration:none}.u-button--disabled:focus,.u-button--disabled:hover,.u-button:disabled:focus,.u-button:disabled:hover{background-color:transparent;background-image:none;color:#000}.u-button--disabled:focus svg path,.u-button--disabled:hover svg path,.u-button:disabled:focus svg path,.u-button:disabled:hover svg path{fill:#000}.u-button--small,.u-button--xsmall{font-size:.875rem;padding:2px 8px}.u-button--small{padding:8px 16px}.u-button--large{font-size:1.125rem;padding:10px 35px}.u-button--full-width{display:flex;width:100%}.u-button--icon-left svg{margin-right:8px}.u-button--icon-right svg{margin-left:8px}.u-clear-both{clear:both}.u-container{margin:0 auto;max-width:1280px;padding:0 16px}.u-justify-content-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.u-display-none{display:none}.js .u-js-hide,.u-hide{display:none;visibility:hidden}.u-visually-hidden{clip:rect(0,0,0,0);border:0;clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;white-space:nowrap;width:1px}.u-icon{fill:currentcolor;display:inline-block;height:1em;transform:translate(0);vertical-align:text-top;width:1em}.u-list-reset{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.u-ma-16{margin:16px}.u-mt-0{margin-top:0}.u-mt-24{margin-top:24px}.u-mt-32{margin-top:32px}.u-mb-8{margin-bottom:8px}.u-mb-32{margin-bottom:32px}.u-button-reset{background-color:transparent;border:0;padding:0}.u-sans-serif{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.u-serif{font-family:Merriweather,serif}h1,h2,h4{-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}p{overflow-wrap:break-word;word-break:break-word}.u-h4{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2}.u-mbs-0{margin-block-start:0!important}.c-article-header{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.c-article-identifiers{color:#6f6f6f;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.3;list-style:none;margin:0 0 8px;padding:0}.c-article-identifiers__item{border-right:1px solid #6f6f6f;list-style:none;margin-right:8px;padding-right:8px}.c-article-identifiers__item:last-child{border-right:0;margin-right:0;padding-right:0}@media only screen and (min-width:876px){.c-article-title{font-size:1.875rem;line-height:1.2}}.c-article-author-list{display:inline;font-size:1rem;list-style:none;margin:0 8px 0 0;padding:0;width:100%}.c-article-author-list__item{display:inline;padding-right:0}.c-article-author-list__show-more{display:none;margin-right:4px}.c-article-author-list__button,.js .c-article-author-list__item--hide,.js .c-article-author-list__show-more{display:none}.js .c-article-author-list--long .c-article-author-list__show-more,.js .c-article-author-list--long+.c-article-author-list__button{display:inline}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.js .c-article-author-list__item--hide-small-screen{display:none}.js .c-article-author-list--short .c-article-author-list__show-more,.js .c-article-author-list--short+.c-article-author-list__button{display:inline}}#uptodate-client,.js .c-article-author-list--expanded .c-article-author-list__show-more{display:none!important}.js .c-article-author-list--expanded .c-article-author-list__item--hide-small-screen{display:inline!important}.c-article-author-list__button,.c-button-author-list{background:#ebf1f5;border:4px solid #ebf1f5;border-radius:20px;color:#666;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.4;padding:2px 11px 2px 8px;text-decoration:none}.c-article-author-list__button svg,.c-button-author-list svg{margin:1px 4px 0 0}.c-article-author-list__button:hover,.c-button-author-list:hover{background:#025e8d;border-color:transparent;color:#fff}.c-article-body .c-article-access-provider{padding:8px 16px}.c-article-body .c-article-access-provider,.c-notes{border:1px solid #d5d5d5;border-image:initial;border-left:none;border-right:none;margin:24px 0}.c-article-body .c-article-access-provider__text{color:#555}.c-article-body .c-article-access-provider__text,.c-notes__text{font-size:1rem;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:2px;text-align:center}.c-article-body .c-article-author-affiliation__address{color:inherit;font-weight:700;margin:0}.c-article-body .c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.c-article-body .c-article-author-affiliation__authors-item{display:inline;margin-left:0}.c-article-authors-search{margin-bottom:24px;margin-top:0}.c-article-authors-search__item,.c-article-authors-search__title{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.c-article-authors-search__title{color:#626262;font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:700;margin:0;padding:0}.c-article-authors-search__item{font-size:1rem}.c-article-authors-search__text{margin:0}.c-code-block{border:1px solid #fff;font-family:monospace;margin:0 0 24px;padding:20px}.c-code-block__heading{font-weight:400;margin-bottom:16px}.c-code-block__line{display:block;overflow-wrap:break-word;white-space:pre-wrap}.c-article-share-box{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;margin-bottom:24px}.c-article-share-box__description{font-size:1rem;margin-bottom:8px}.c-article-share-box__no-sharelink-info{font-size:.813rem;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:24px;padding-top:4px}.c-article-share-box__only-read-input{border:1px solid #d5d5d5;box-sizing:content-box;display:inline-block;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:700;height:24px;margin-bottom:8px;padding:8px 10px}.c-article-share-box__additional-info{color:#626262;font-size:.813rem}.c-article-share-box__button{background:#fff;box-sizing:content-box;text-align:center}.c-article-share-box__button--link-like{background-color:transparent;border:0;color:#025e8d;cursor:pointer;font-size:.875rem;margin-bottom:8px;margin-left:10px}.c-article-associated-content__container .c-article-associated-content__collection-label{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.4}.c-article-associated-content__container .c-article-associated-content__collection-title{line-height:1.3}.c-reading-companion{clear:both;min-height:389px}.c-reading-companion__figures-list,.c-reading-companion__references-list{list-style:none;min-height:389px;padding:0}.c-reading-companion__references-list--numeric{list-style:decimal inside}.c-reading-companion__figure-item{border-top:1px solid #d5d5d5;font-size:1rem;padding:16px 8px 16px 0}.c-reading-companion__figure-item:first-child{border-top:none;padding-top:8px}.c-reading-companion__reference-item{font-size:1rem}.c-reading-companion__reference-item:first-child{border-top:none}.c-reading-companion__reference-item a{word-break:break-word}.c-reading-companion__reference-citation{display:inline}.c-reading-companion__reference-links{font-size:.813rem;font-weight:700;list-style:none;margin:8px 0 0;padding:0;text-align:right}.c-reading-companion__reference-links>a{display:inline-block;padding-left:8px}.c-reading-companion__reference-links>a:first-child{display:inline-block;padding-left:0}.c-reading-companion__figure-title{display:block;font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;margin:0 0 8px}.c-reading-companion__figure-links{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin:8px 0 0}.c-reading-companion__figure-links>a{align-items:center;display:flex}.c-article-section__figure-caption{display:block;margin-bottom:8px;word-break:break-word}.c-article-section__figure .video,p.app-article-masthead__access--above-download{margin:0 0 16px}.c-article-section__figure-description{font-size:1rem}.c-article-section__figure-description>*{margin-bottom:0}.c-cod{display:block;font-size:1rem;width:100%}.c-cod__form{background:#ebf0f3}.c-cod__prompt{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.3;margin:0 0 24px}.c-cod__label{display:block;margin:0 0 4px}.c-cod__row{display:flex;margin:0 0 16px}.c-cod__row:last-child{margin:0}.c-cod__input{border:1px solid #d5d5d5;border-radius:2px;flex-shrink:0;margin:0;padding:13px}.c-cod__input--submit{background-color:#025e8d;border:1px solid #025e8d;color:#fff;flex-shrink:1;margin-left:8px;transition:background-color .2s ease-out 0s,color .2s ease-out 0s}.c-cod__input--submit-single{flex-basis:100%;flex-shrink:0;margin:0}.c-cod__input--submit:focus,.c-cod__input--submit:hover{background-color:#fff;color:#025e8d}.save-data .c-article-author-institutional-author__sub-division,.save-data .c-article-equation__number,.save-data .c-article-figure-description,.save-data .c-article-fullwidth-content,.save-data .c-article-main-column,.save-data .c-article-satellite-article-link,.save-data .c-article-satellite-subtitle,.save-data .c-article-table-container,.save-data .c-blockquote__body,.save-data .c-code-block__heading,.save-data .c-reading-companion__figure-title,.save-data .c-reading-companion__reference-citation,.save-data .c-site-messages--nature-briefing-email-variant .serif,.save-data .c-site-messages--nature-briefing-email-variant.serif,.save-data .serif,.save-data .u-serif,.save-data h1,.save-data h2,.save-data h3{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.c-pdf-download__link{display:flex;flex:1 1 0%;padding:13px 24px}.c-pdf-download__link:hover{text-decoration:none}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.c-context-bar--sticky .c-pdf-download__link{align-items:center;flex:1 1 183px}}@media only screen and (max-width:320px){.c-context-bar--sticky .c-pdf-download__link{padding:16px}}.c-article-body .c-article-recommendations-list,.c-book-body .c-article-recommendations-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;gap:16px 16px;margin:0;max-width:100%;padding:16px 0 0}.c-article-body .c-article-recommendations-list__item,.c-book-body .c-article-recommendations-list__item{flex:1 1 0%}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.c-article-body .c-article-recommendations-list,.c-book-body .c-article-recommendations-list{flex-direction:column}}.c-article-body .c-article-recommendations-card__authors{display:none;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 8px}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.c-article-body .c-article-recommendations-card__authors{display:block;margin:0}}.c-article-body .c-article-history{margin-top:24px}.app-article-metrics-bar p{margin:0}.app-article-masthead{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:16px 16px;padding:16px 0 24px}.app-article-masthead__info{display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-grow:1}.app-article-masthead__brand{border-top:1px solid hsla(0,0%,100%,.8);display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-shrink:0;gap:8px 8px;min-height:96px;padding:16px 0 0}.app-article-masthead__brand img{border:1px solid #fff;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 4px 15px 0 hsla(0,0%,50%,.25);height:auto;left:0;position:absolute;width:72px}.app-article-masthead__journal-link{display:block;font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 8px;max-width:400px;padding:0 0 0 88px;position:relative}.app-article-masthead__journal-title{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:3;display:-webkit-box;overflow:hidden}.app-article-masthead__submission-link{align-items:center;display:flex;font-size:1rem;gap:4px 4px;margin:0 0 0 88px}.app-article-masthead__access{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:300;gap:4px 4px;margin:0}.app-article-masthead__buttons{display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;gap:16px 16px}.app-article-masthead__access svg,.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary svg,.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary svg,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary svg,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary svg{fill:currentcolor}.app-article-masthead a{color:#fff}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary{background-color:#025e8d;background-image:none;border:2px solid transparent;box-shadow:none;color:#fff;font-weight:700}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:visited,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:visited{color:#fff}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover{text-decoration:none}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:focus,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:focus{border:4px solid #fc0;box-shadow:none;outline:0;text-decoration:none}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:focus,.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:focus,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover{background-color:#fff;background-image:none;color:#01324b}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--primary:hover{background:0 0;border:2px solid #025e8d;box-shadow:none;color:#025e8d}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary{background:0 0;border:2px solid #025e8d;color:#025e8d;font-weight:700}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:visited,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:visited{color:#01324b}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:hover,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:hover{background-color:#01324b;background-color:#025e8d;border:2px solid transparent;box-shadow:none;color:#fff}.app-masthead--pastel .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:focus,.c-context-bar--sticky .c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button--secondary:focus{background-color:#fff;background-image:none;border:4px solid #fc0;color:#01324b}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.app-article-masthead{flex-direction:row;gap:64px 64px;padding:24px 0}.app-article-masthead__brand{border:0;padding:0}.app-article-masthead__brand img{height:auto;position:static;width:auto}.app-article-masthead__buttons{align-items:center;flex-direction:row;margin-top:auto}.app-article-masthead__journal-link{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:24px 24px;margin:0 0 8px;padding:0}.app-article-masthead__submission-link{margin:0}}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.app-article-masthead__brand{flex-basis:400px}}.app-article-masthead .c-article-identifiers{font-size:.875rem;font-weight:300;line-height:1;margin:0 0 8px;overflow:hidden;padding:0}.app-article-masthead .c-article-identifiers--cite-list{margin:0 0 16px}.app-article-masthead .c-article-identifiers *{color:#fff}.app-article-masthead .c-cod{display:none}.app-article-masthead .c-article-identifiers__item{border-left:1px solid #fff;border-right:0;margin:0 17px 8px -9px;padding:0 0 0 8px}.app-article-masthead .c-article-identifiers__item--cite{border-left:0}.app-article-metrics-bar{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:1rem;padding:16px 0 0;row-gap:24px}.app-article-metrics-bar__item{padding:0 16px 0 0}.app-article-metrics-bar__count{font-weight:700}.app-article-metrics-bar__label{font-weight:400;padding-left:4px}.app-article-metrics-bar__icon{height:auto;margin-right:4px;margin-top:-4px;width:auto}.app-article-metrics-bar__arrow-icon{margin:4px 0 0 4px}.app-article-metrics-bar a{color:#000}.app-article-metrics-bar .app-article-metrics-bar__item--metrics{padding-right:0}.app-overview-section .c-article-author-list,.app-overview-section__authors{line-height:2}.app-article-metrics-bar{margin-top:8px}.c-book-toc-pagination+.c-book-section__back-to-top{margin-top:0}.c-article-body .c-article-access-provider__text--chapter{color:#222;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;padding:20px 0}.c-article-body .c-article-access-provider__text--chapter svg.c-status-message__icon{fill:#003f8d;vertical-align:middle}.c-article-body-section__content--separator{padding-top:40px}.c-pdf-download__link{max-height:44px}.app-article-access .u-button--primary,.app-article-access .u-button--primary:visited{color:#fff}.c-article-sidebar{display:none}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.c-article-sidebar{display:block}}.c-cod__form{border-radius:12px}.c-cod__label{font-size:.875rem}.c-cod .c-status-message{align-items:center;justify-content:center;margin-bottom:16px;padding-bottom:16px}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.c-cod .c-status-message{align-items:inherit}}.c-cod .c-status-message__icon{margin-top:4px}.c-cod .c-cod__prompt{font-size:1rem;margin-bottom:16px}.c-article-body .app-article-access,.c-book-body .app-article-access{display:block}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.c-article-body .app-article-access,.c-book-body .app-article-access{display:none}}.c-article-body .app-card-service{margin-bottom:32px}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.c-article-body .app-card-service{display:none}}.app-article-access .buybox__buy .u-button--secondary,.app-article-access .u-button--primary,.c-cod__row .u-button--primary{background-color:#025e8d;border:2px solid #025e8d;box-shadow:none;font-size:1rem;font-weight:700;gap:8px 8px;justify-content:center;line-height:1.5;padding:8px 24px}.app-article-access .buybox__buy .u-button--secondary,.app-article-access .u-button--primary:hover,.c-cod__row .u-button--primary:hover{background-color:#fff;color:#025e8d}.app-article-access .buybox__buy .u-button--secondary:hover{background-color:#025e8d;color:#fff}.buybox__buy .c-notes__text{color:#666;font-size:.875rem;padding:0 16px 8px}.c-cod__input{flex-basis:auto;width:100%}.c-article-title{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:2.25rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;margin:12px 0}.c-reading-companion__figure-item figure{margin:0}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.c-article-title{margin:16px 0}}.app-article-access{border:1px solid #c5e0f4;border-radius:12px}.app-article-access__heading{border-bottom:1px solid #c5e0f4;font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:700;margin:0;padding:16px;text-align:center}.app-article-access .buybox__info svg{vertical-align:middle}.c-article-body .app-article-access p{margin-bottom:0}.app-article-access .buybox__info{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;margin:0}.app-article-access{margin:0 0 32px}@media only screen and (min-width:1024px){.app-article-access{margin:0 0 24px}}.c-status-message{font-size:1rem}.c-article-body{font-size:1.125rem}.c-article-body dl,.c-article-body ol,.c-article-body p,.c-article-body ul{margin-bottom:32px;margin-top:0}.c-article-access-provider__text:last-of-type,.c-article-body .c-notes__text:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.c-article-body ol p,.c-article-body ul p{margin-bottom:16px}.c-article-section__figure-caption{font-family:Merriweather Sans,Helvetica Neue,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.c-reading-companion__figure-item{border-top-color:#c5e0f4}.c-reading-companion__sticky{max-width:400px}.c-article-section .c-article-section__figure-description>*{font-size:1rem;margin-bottom:16px}.c-reading-companion__reference-item{border-top:1px solid #d5d5d5;padding:16px 0}.c-reading-companion__reference-item:first-child{padding-top:0}.c-article-share-box__button,.js .c-article-authors-search__item .c-article-button{background:0 0;border:2px solid #025e8d;border-radius:32px;box-shadow:none;color:#025e8d;font-size:1rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;margin:0;padding:8px 24px;transition:all .2s ease 0s}.c-article-authors-search__item .c-article-button{width:100%}.c-pdf-download .u-button{background-color:#fff;border:2px solid #fff;color:#01324b;justify-content:center}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button svg,.c-pdf-download .u-button svg{fill:currentcolor}.c-pdf-download .u-button:visited{color:#01324b}.c-pdf-download .u-button:hover{border:4px solid #01324b;box-shadow:none}.c-pdf-download .u-button:focus,.c-pdf-download .u-button:hover{background-color:#01324b}.c-pdf-download .u-button:focus svg path,.c-pdf-download .u-button:hover svg path{fill:#fff}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button{background-image:none;border:2px solid;color:#fff}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:visited{color:#fff}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:hover{text-decoration:none}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:focus{box-shadow:none;outline:0;text-decoration:none}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:focus,.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:hover{background-color:#fff;background-image:none;color:#01324b}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:focus svg path,.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:hover svg path{fill:#01324b}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button,.c-pdf-download .u-button{box-shadow:none;font-size:1rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;padding:8px 24px}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button{background-color:#025e8d}.c-pdf-download .u-button:hover{border:2px solid #fff}.c-pdf-download .u-button:focus,.c-pdf-download .u-button:hover{background:0 0;box-shadow:none;color:#fff}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:hover{border:2px solid #025e8d;box-shadow:none;color:#025e8d}.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:focus,.c-pdf-download .u-button:focus{border:2px solid #025e8d}.c-article-share-box__button:focus:focus,.c-article__pill-button:focus:focus,.c-context-bar__container .c-pdf-download .u-button:focus:focus,.c-pdf-download .u-button:focus:focus{outline:3px solid #08c;will-change:transform}.c-pdf-download__link .u-icon{padding-top:0}.c-bibliographic-information__column button{margin-bottom:16px}.c-article-body .c-article-author-affiliation__list p,.c-article-body .c-article-author-information__list p,figure{margin:0}.c-article-share-box__button{margin-right:16px}.c-status-message--boxed{border-radius:12px}.c-article-associated-content__collection-title{font-size:1rem}.app-card-service__description,.c-article-body .app-card-service__description{color:#222;margin-bottom:0;margin-top:8px}.app-article-access__subscriptions a,.app-article-access__subscriptions a:visited,.app-book-series-listing__item a,.app-book-series-listing__item a:hover,.app-book-series-listing__item a:visited,.c-article-author-list a,.c-article-author-list a:visited,.c-article-buy-box a,.c-article-buy-box a:visited,.c-article-peer-review a,.c-article-peer-review a:visited,.c-article-satellite-subtitle a,.c-article-satellite-subtitle a:visited,.c-breadcrumbs__link,.c-breadcrumbs__link:hover,.c-breadcrumbs__link:visited{color:#000}.c-article-author-list svg{height:24px;margin:0 0 0 6px;width:24px}.c-article-header{margin-bottom:32px}@media only screen and (min-width:876px){.js .c-ad--conditional{display:block}}.u-lazy-ad-wrapper{background-color:#fff;display:none;min-height:149px}@media only screen and (min-width:876px){.u-lazy-ad-wrapper{display:block}}p.c-ad__label{margin-bottom:4px}.c-ad--728x90{background-color:#fff;border-bottom:2px solid #cedbe0} } </style> <style>@media only print, only all and (prefers-color-scheme: no-preference), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: light), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: dark) { .eds-c-header__brand img{height:24px;width:203px}.app-article-masthead__journal-link img{height:93px;width:72px}@media only screen and (min-width:769px){.app-article-masthead__journal-link img{height:161px;width:122px}} } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" data-test="critical-css-handler" data-inline-css-source="critical-css" href=/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/core-darwin-5272567b64.css media="print" onload="this.media='all';this.onload=null"> <link rel="stylesheet" data-test="critical-css-handler" data-inline-css-source="critical-css" href="/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/enhanced-darwin-article-72ba046d97.css" media="print" onload="this.media='only print, only all and (prefers-color-scheme: no-preference), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: light), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: dark)';this.onload=null"> <script> window.dataLayer = [{"GA Key":"UA-26408784-1","DOI":"10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16","Page":"chapter","page":{"attributes":{"environment":"live"}},"Country":"HK","japan":false,"doi":"10.1007-978-3-642-18741-4_16","Keywords":"","kwrd":[],"Labs":"Y","ksg":"Krux.segments","kuid":"Krux.uid","Has Body":"N","Features":[],"Open Access":"N","hasAccess":"N","bypassPaywall":"N","user":{"license":{"businessPartnerID":[],"businessPartnerIDString":""}},"Access Type":"no-access","Bpids":"","Bpnames":"","BPID":["1"],"VG Wort Identifier":"pw-vgzm.415900-10.1007-978-3-642-18741-4","Full HTML":"N","session":{"authentication":{"loginStatus":"N"},"attributes":{"edition":"academic"}},"content":{"serial":{},"book":{"doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4","title":"Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen","pisbn":"978-3-642-62272-4","eisbn":"978-3-642-18741-4","bookProductType":"Monograph","seriesTitle":"Molekulare Medizin","seriesId":"4637"},"chapter":{"doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"},"type":"Chapter","category":{"pmc":{"primarySubject":"Biomedicine","primarySubjectCode":"SCB","secondarySubjects":{"1":"Molecular Medicine","2":"Geriatrics/Gerontology","3":"Internal Medicine","4":"Pharmacology/Toxicology"},"secondarySubjectCodes":{"1":"SCB1700X","2":"SCH33150","3":"SCH33002","4":"SCB21007"}},"sucode":"SUCO11642"},"attributes":{"deliveryPlatform":"oscar"},"country":"HK","Has Preview":"Y","subjectCodes":"SCB,SCB1700X,SCH33150,SCH33002,SCB21007","PMC":["SCB","SCB1700X","SCH33150","SCH33002","SCB21007"]},"Event Category":"Chapter","ConferenceSeriesId":"","productId":"9783642187414"}]; </script> <script> window.dataLayer.push({ ga4MeasurementId: 'G-B3E4QL2TPR', ga360TrackingId: 'UA-26408784-1', twitterId: 'o47a7', baiduId: 'aef3043f025ccf2305af8a194652d70b', ga4ServerUrl: 'https://collect.springer.com', imprint: 'springerlink', page: { attributes:{ featureFlags: [{ name: 'darwin-orion', active: true }, { name: 'chapter-books-recs', active: true }, { name: 'darwin-books', active: true }], darwinAvailable: true } } }); </script> <script data-test="gtm-head"> window.initGTM = function() { if (window.config.mustardcut) { (function (w, d, s, l, i) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'}); var f = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j = d.createElement(s), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j, f); })(window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-MRVXSHQ'); } } </script> <script> (function (w, d, t) { function cc() { var h = w.location.hostname; var e = d.createElement(t), s = d.getElementsByTagName(t)[0]; if (h.indexOf('springer.com') > -1 && h.indexOf('biomedcentral.com') === -1 && h.indexOf('springeropen.com') === -1) { if (h.indexOf('link-qa.springer.com') > -1 || h.indexOf('test-www.springer.com') > -1) { e.src = 'https://cmp.springer.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-17-52.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MRVXSHQ')"); } else { e.src = 'https://cmp.springer.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-17-52.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MRVXSHQ')"); } } else if (h.indexOf('biomedcentral.com') > -1) { if (h.indexOf('biomedcentral.com.qa') > -1) { e.src = 'https://cmp.biomedcentral.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-15-36.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MRVXSHQ')"); } else { e.src = 'https://cmp.biomedcentral.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-15-36.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MRVXSHQ')"); } } else if (h.indexOf('springeropen.com') > -1) { if (h.indexOf('springeropen.com.qa') > -1) { e.src = 'https://cmp.springernature.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-16-34.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MRVXSHQ')"); } else { e.src = 'https://cmp.springernature.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-16-34.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MRVXSHQ')"); } } else if (h.indexOf('springernature.com') > -1) { if (h.indexOf('beta-qa.springernature.com') > -1) { e.src = 'https://cmp.springernature.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-49-43.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NK22KLS')"); } else { e.src = 'https://cmp.springernature.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-49-43.js'; e.setAttribute('onload', "initGTM(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NK22KLS')"); } } else { e.src = '/oscar-static/js/cookie-consent-es5-bundle-cb57c2c98a.js'; e.setAttribute('data-consent', h); } s.insertAdjacentElement('afterend', e); } cc(); })(window, document, 'script'); </script> <script> (function(w, d) { w.config = w.config || {}; w.config.mustardcut = false; if (w.matchMedia && w.matchMedia('only print, only all and (prefers-color-scheme: no-preference), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: light), only all and (prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches) { w.config.mustardcut = true; d.classList.add('js'); d.classList.remove('grade-c'); d.classList.remove('no-js'); } })(window, document.documentElement); </script> <script> (function () { if ( typeof window.CustomEvent === "function" ) return false; function CustomEvent ( event, params ) { params = params || { bubbles: false, cancelable: false, detail: null }; var evt = document.createEvent( 'CustomEvent' ); evt.initCustomEvent( event, params.bubbles, params.cancelable, params.detail ); return evt; } CustomEvent.prototype = window.Event.prototype; window.CustomEvent = CustomEvent; })(); </script> <script class="js-entry"> if (window.config.mustardcut) { (function(w, d) { window.Component = {}; window.suppressShareButton = false; window.onArticlePage = true; var currentScript = d.currentScript || d.head.querySelector('script.js-entry'); function catchNoModuleSupport() { var scriptEl = d.createElement('script'); return (!('noModule' in scriptEl) && 'onbeforeload' in scriptEl) } var headScripts = [ {'src': '/oscar-static/js/polyfill-es5-bundle-572d4fec60.js', 'async': false} ]; var bodyScripts = [ {'src': '/oscar-static/js/global-article-es5-bundle-dad1690b0d.js', 'async': false, 'module': false}, {'src': '/oscar-static/js/global-article-es6-bundle-e7d03c4cb3.js', 'async': false, 'module': true} ]; function createScript(script) { var scriptEl = d.createElement('script'); scriptEl.src = script.src; scriptEl.async = script.async; if (script.module === true) { scriptEl.type = "module"; if (catchNoModuleSupport()) { scriptEl.src = ''; } } else if (script.module === false) { scriptEl.setAttribute('nomodule', true) } if (script.charset) { scriptEl.setAttribute('charset', script.charset); } return scriptEl; } for (var i = 0; i < headScripts.length; ++i) { var scriptEl = createScript(headScripts[i]); currentScript.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptEl, currentScript.nextSibling); } d.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { for (var i = 0; i < bodyScripts.length; ++i) { var scriptEl = createScript(bodyScripts[i]); d.body.appendChild(scriptEl); } }); // Webfont repeat view var config = w.config; if (config && config.publisherBrand && sessionStorage.fontsLoaded === 'true') { d.documentElement.className += ' webfonts-loaded'; } })(window, document); } </script> <script data-src="https://cdn.optimizely.com/js/27195530232.js" data-cc-script="C03"></script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"/> <script type="application/ld+json">{"headline":"Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder","pageEnd":"464","pageStart":"429","image":"https://media.springernature.com/w153/springer-static/cover/book/978-3-642-18741-4.jpg","genre":["Life Science and Basic Disciplines (German Language)"],"isPartOf":{"name":"Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen","isbn":["978-3-642-18741-4","978-3-642-62272-4"],"@type":"Book"},"publisher":{"name":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","logo":{"url":"https://www.springernature.com/app-sn/public/images/logo-springernature.png","@type":"ImageObject"},"@type":"Organization"},"author":[{"name":"Lothar Rink","affiliation":[],"@type":"Person"},{"name":"Klaus Dalhoff","affiliation":[],"@type":"Person"}],"keywords":"","description":"Das Immunsystem unterliegt im Laufe des Lebens stetigen Veränderungen, da es sich immer wieder an neue Umweltbedingungen anpassen muss. Diesem generellen Prinzip liegen viele detaillierte Anpassungsphasen zugrunde. Nach der Geburt muss das Immunsystem zunächst ausreifen und sich an die Antigenvielfalt der Umwelt anpassen. In den ersten Lebensjahren reagiert das Immunsystem aufgrund seiner Unreife nur suboptimal, was jedoch für den Gesamtorganismus in vielen Fällen (insbesondere bei den Kinderkrankheiten) von Vorteil ist. So wird der schlimmere Krankheitsverlauf von „Kinderkrankheiten“ bei Erwachsenen im Wesentlichen von der starken Immunreaktion ausgelöst. In der Lernphase des Immunsystems entwickelt sich ein Großteil des immunologischen Gedächtnisses (Cooper et al. 1994, Cossarizza et al. 1995). Während der Pubertät bilden sich dann geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede heraus, da die männlichen und weiblichen Geschlechtshormone verschiedene Wirkungen auf Zellen des Immunsystems haben (Verthelyi 2001). Diese geschlechtsspezifischen Eigenschaften des Immunsystems verschwinden dann zum Teil wieder im höheren Lebensalter. Bei den Frauen ist diese Veränderung stärker zu sehen, da sie durch die Menopause sprunghafter einsetzt.","datePublished":"2004","isAccessibleForFree":false,"hasPart":{"isAccessibleForFree":false,"cssSelector":".main-content","@type":"WebPageElement"},"@type":"ScholarlyArticle","@context":"https://schema.org"}</script> </head> <body class="shared-article-renderer">  <noscript data-test="gtm-body"> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MRVXSHQ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript>  <div class="u-vh-full"> <a class="c-skip-link" href="#main-content">Skip to main content</a> <div class="u-hide u-show-following-ad"></div> <aside class="c-ad c-ad--728x90" data-test="springer-doubleclick-ad"> <div class="c-ad__inner"> <p class="c-ad__label">Advertisement</p> <div id="div-gpt-ad-LB1" data-pa11y-ignore data-gpt data-test="LB1-ad" data-gpt-unitpath="/270604982/springerlink/book/chapter" data-gpt-sizes="728x90" style="min-width:728px;min-height:90px" data-gpt-targeting="pos=LB1;"></div> </div> </aside> <div class="app-elements"> <header class="eds-c-header" data-eds-c-header> <div class="eds-c-header__container" data-eds-c-header-expander-anchor> <div class="eds-c-header__brand"> <a href="https://link.springer.com" data-test=springerlink-logo data-track="click_imprint_logo" data-track-context="unified header" data-track-action="click logo link" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="link" > <img src="/oscar-static/images/darwin/header/img/logo-springer-nature-link-3149409f62.svg" alt="Springer Nature Link"> </a> </div> <a class="c-header__link eds-c-header__link" id="identity-account-widget" href='https://idp.springer.com/auth/personal/springernature?redirect_uri=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16?'><span class="eds-c-header__widget-fragment-title">Log in</span></a> </div> <nav class="eds-c-header__nav" aria-label="header navigation"> <div class="eds-c-header__nav-container"> <div class="eds-c-header__item eds-c-header__item--menu"> <a href="#eds-c-header-nav" class="eds-c-header__link" data-eds-c-header-expander> <svg class="eds-c-header__icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-menu-medium"></use> </svg><span>Menu</span> </a> </div> <div class="eds-c-header__item eds-c-header__item--inline-links"> <a class="eds-c-header__link" href="https://link.springer.com/journals/" data-track="nav_find_a_journal" data-track-context="unified header" data-track-action="click find a journal" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="link" > Find a journal </a> <a class="eds-c-header__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors" data-track="nav_how_to_publish" data-track-context="unified header" data-track-action="click publish with us link" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="link" > Publish with us </a> <a class="eds-c-header__link" href="https://link.springernature.com/home/" data-track="nav_track_your_research" data-track-context="unified header" data-track-action="click track your research" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="link" > Track your research </a> </div> <div class="eds-c-header__link-container"> <div class="eds-c-header__item eds-c-header__item--divider"> <a href="#eds-c-header-popup-search" class="eds-c-header__link" data-eds-c-header-expander data-eds-c-header-test-search-btn> <svg class="eds-c-header__icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-search-medium"></use> </svg><span>Search</span> </a> </div> <div id="ecommerce-header-cart-icon-link" class="eds-c-header__item ecommerce-cart" style="display:inline-block"> <a class="eds-c-header__link" href="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" style="appearance:none;border:none;background:none;color:inherit;position:relative"> <svg id="eds-i-cart" class="eds-c-header__icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" width="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="nonzero" d="M2 1a1 1 0 0 0 0 2l1.659.001 2.257 12.808a2.599 2.599 0 0 0 2.435 2.185l.167.004 9.976-.001a2.613 2.613 0 0 0 2.61-1.748l.03-.106 1.755-7.82.032-.107a2.546 2.546 0 0 0-.311-1.986l-.108-.157a2.604 2.604 0 0 0-2.197-1.076L6.042 5l-.56-3.17a1 1 0 0 0-.864-.82l-.12-.007L2.001 1ZM20.35 6.996a.63.63 0 0 1 .54.26.55.55 0 0 1 .082.505l-.028.1L19.2 15.63l-.022.05c-.094.177-.282.299-.526.317l-10.145.002a.61.61 0 0 1-.618-.515L6.394 6.999l13.955-.003ZM18 19a2 2 0 1 0 0 4 2 2 0 0 0 0-4ZM8 19a2 2 0 1 0 0 4 2 2 0 0 0 0-4Z"></path> </svg><span>Cart</span><span class="cart-info" style="display:none;position:absolute;top:10px;right:45px;background-color:#C65301;color:#fff;width:18px;height:18px;font-size:11px;border-radius:50%;line-height:17.5px;text-align:center"></span></a> <script>(function () { var exports = {}; if (window.fetch) { "use strict"; Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true }); exports.headerWidgetClientInit = void 0; var headerWidgetClientInit = function (getCartInfo) { document.body.addEventListener("updatedCart", function () { updateCartIcon(); }, false); return updateCartIcon(); function updateCartIcon() { return getCartInfo() .then(function (res) { return res.json(); }) .then(refreshCartState) .catch(function (_) { }); } function refreshCartState(json) { var indicator = document.querySelector("#ecommerce-header-cart-icon-link .cart-info"); /* istanbul ignore else */ if (indicator && json.itemCount) { indicator.style.display = 'block'; indicator.textContent = json.itemCount > 9 ? '9+' : json.itemCount.toString(); var moreThanOneItem = json.itemCount > 1; indicator.setAttribute('title', "there ".concat(moreThanOneItem ? "are" : "is", " ").concat(json.itemCount, " item").concat(moreThanOneItem ? "s" : "", " in your cart")); } return json; } }; exports.headerWidgetClientInit = headerWidgetClientInit; headerWidgetClientInit( function () { return window.fetch("https://cart.springer.com/cart-info", { credentials: "include", headers: { Accept: "application/json" } }) } ) }})()</script> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </header> </div> <div class="app-masthead__colour-20--pastel app-masthead--pastel" id="main" data-track-component="chapter" data-test="masthead-component"> <section class="app-masthead " aria-label="book chapter masthead"> <div class="app-masthead__container"> <div class="app-article-masthead app-article-masthead--chapter u-sans-serif js-context-bar-sticky-point-masthead" data-track-component="chapter" data-test="masthead-component"> <div class="app-article-masthead__info"> <nav aria-label="breadcrumbs" data-test="breadcrumbs"> <ol class="c-breadcrumbs" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"> <li class="c-breadcrumbs__item" id="breadcrumb0" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a href="/" class="c-breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="item" data-track="click_breadcrumb" data-track-context="chapter page" data-track-category="Chapter" data-track-action="breadcrumbs" data-track-label="breadcrumb1"><span itemprop="name">Home</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="1"> <svg class="c-breadcrumbs__chevron" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="10" height="10" viewBox="0 0 10 10"> <path d="m5.96738168 4.70639573 2.39518594-2.41447274c.37913917-.38219212.98637524-.38972225 1.35419292-.01894278.37750606.38054586.37784436.99719163-.00013556 1.37821513l-4.03074001 4.06319683c-.37758093.38062133-.98937525.38100976-1.367372-.00003075l-4.03091981-4.06337806c-.37759778-.38063832-.38381821-.99150444-.01600053-1.3622839.37750607-.38054587.98772445-.38240057 1.37006824.00302197l2.39538588 2.4146743.96295325.98624457z" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="matrix(0 -1 1 0 0 10)"/> </svg> </li> <li class="c-breadcrumbs__item" id="breadcrumb1" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <a href="/book/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4" class="c-breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="item" data-track="click_breadcrumb" data-track-context="chapter page" data-track-category="Chapter" data-track-action="breadcrumbs" data-track-label="breadcrumb2"><span itemprop="name">Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="2"> <svg class="c-breadcrumbs__chevron" role="img" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="10" height="10" viewBox="0 0 10 10"> <path d="m5.96738168 4.70639573 2.39518594-2.41447274c.37913917-.38219212.98637524-.38972225 1.35419292-.01894278.37750606.38054586.37784436.99719163-.00013556 1.37821513l-4.03074001 4.06319683c-.37758093.38062133-.98937525.38100976-1.367372-.00003075l-4.03091981-4.06337806c-.37759778-.38063832-.38381821-.99150444-.01600053-1.3622839.37750607-.38054587.98772445-.38240057 1.37006824.00302197l2.39538588 2.4146743.96295325.98624457z" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="matrix(0 -1 1 0 0 10)"/> </svg> </li> <li class="c-breadcrumbs__item" id="breadcrumb2" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"> <span itemprop="name">Chapter</span><meta itemprop="position" content="3"> </li> </ol> </nav> <h1 class="c-article-title" data-test="chapter-title" data-chapter-title="">Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder</h1> <ul class="c-article-identifiers"> <li class="c-article-identifiers__item" data-test="article-category">Chapter</li> </ul> <ul class="c-article-identifiers c-article-identifiers--cite-list"> <li class="c-article-identifiers__item"> <span class="c-chapter-book-details__meta"> pp 429–464</span> </li> <li class="c-article-identifiers__item c-article-identifiers__item--cite"> <a href="#citeas" data-track="click" data-track-action="cite this chapter" data-track-category="chapter body" data-track-label="link">Cite this chapter</a> </li> </ul> <div class="app-article-masthead__buttons" data-track-context="masthead"> </div> </div> <div class="app-article-masthead__brand app-article-masthead__brand--no-border app-article-masthead__conference-link"> <a href="/book/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4" class="app-article-masthead__conference-link app-article-masthead__journal-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="book homepage" data-track-label="link"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" media="(min-width: 768px)" width="120" height="182" srcset="https://media.springernature.com/w120/springer-static/cover-hires/book/978-3-642-18741-4?as=webp, https://media.springernature.com/w316/springer-static/cover-hires/book/978-3-642-18741-4?as=webp 2x"> <img width="72" height="109" src="https://media.springernature.com/w72/springer-static/cover-hires/book/978-3-642-18741-4?as=webp" srcset="https://media.springernature.com/w144/springer-static/cover-hires/book/978-3-642-18741-4?as=webp 2x" alt=""> </picture> <span class="app-article-masthead__journal-title ">Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen</span> </a> <span class="app-article-masthead__conference-info"></span> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div class="c-article-main u-container u-mt-24 u-mb-32 l-with-sidebar" id="main-content" data-component="article-container"> <main class="js-main-column u-serif c-chapter-body" data-track-component="chapter"> <article lang="de"> <div class="c-article-header"> <header> <div class="app-overview-section"> <ul class="c-article-author-list c-article-author-list--short" data-test="authors-list" data-component-authors-activator="authors-list"><li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Lothar-Rink" data-author-popup="auth-Lothar-Rink">Lothar Rink</a><sup class="u-js-hide"></sup> & </li><li class="c-article-author-list__item"><a data-test="author-name" data-track="click" data-track-action="open author" data-track-label="link" href="#auth-Klaus-Dalhoff" data-author-popup="auth-Klaus-Dalhoff">Klaus Dalhoff</a><sup class="u-js-hide"></sup> </li></ul> <div class="app-overview-section__separator app-overview-section__book-series"> <div class="app-book-series-listing"> <div> <svg class="app-book-series-listing__icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><use href="#icon-eds-i-book-series-medium"></use></svg> </div> <div> <p data-test="series-link"> <span class="app-book-series-listing__description">Part of the book series:</span> <a href="https://www.springer.com/series/4637" data-track="click" data-track-action="open book series" data-track-label="link">Molekulare Medizin</a> ((MOLMED)) </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="app-overview-section__separator" data-test="article-metrics"> <div id="altmetric-container"> <ul class="app-article-metrics-bar u-list-reset" data-test="article-metrics"> <li class="app-article-metrics-bar__item" data-test="access-count"> <p class="app-article-metrics-bar__count"><svg class="u-icon app-article-metrics-bar__icon" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-accesses-medium"></use> </svg>185 <span class="app-article-metrics-bar__label">Accesses</span></p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> <div data-article-body="true" data-track-component="chapter body" class="c-article-body"> <section aria-labelledby="Abs1" data-title="Zusammenfassung" lang="de"><div class="c-article-section" id="Abs1-section"><h2 id="Abs1" class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item">Zusammenfassung</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Abs1-content"><p>Das Immunsystem unterliegt im Laufe des Lebens stetigen Veränderungen, da es sich immer wieder an neue Umweltbedingungen anpassen muss. Diesem generellen Prinzip liegen viele detaillierte Anpassungsphasen zugrunde. Nach der Geburt muss das Immunsystem zunächst ausreifen und sich an die Antigenvielfalt der Umwelt anpassen. In den ersten Lebensjahren reagiert das Immunsystem aufgrund seiner Unreife nur suboptimal, was jedoch für den Gesamtorganismus in vielen Fällen (insbesondere bei den Kinderkrankheiten) von Vorteil ist. So wird der schlimmere Krankheitsverlauf von „Kinderkrankheiten“ bei Erwachsenen im Wesentlichen von der starken Immunreaktion ausgelöst. In der Lernphase des Immunsystems entwickelt sich ein Großteil des immunologischen Gedächtnisses (Cooper et al. 1994, Cossarizza et al. 1995). Während der Pubertät bilden sich dann geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede heraus, da die männlichen und weiblichen Geschlechtshormone verschiedene Wirkungen auf Zellen des Immunsystems haben (Verthelyi 2001). Diese geschlechtsspezifischen Eigenschaften des Immunsystems verschwinden dann zum Teil wieder im höheren Lebensalter. Bei den Frauen ist diese Veränderung stärker zu sehen, da sie durch die Menopause sprunghafter einsetzt.</p></div></div></section> <div class="c-notes"> <p class="c-notes__text c-status-message--info"> <svg width="24" height="24" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="c-status-message__icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-info-filled-medium"></use> </svg> This is a preview of subscription content, <a id="test-login-banner-link" href="//wayf.springernature.com?redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-642-18741-4_16%3Ferror%3Dcookies_not_supported%26code%3D93e35a33-8d5d-4b0a-b717-1f7a6c8f1e84" data-track="click" data-track-action="login" data-track-label="link">log in via an institution</a> <svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon c-external-link__icon"> <use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-external-link-small"></use> </svg> to check access. </p> </div> <div data-test="access-chapter-mobile" class="app-article-access"> <h2 class="app-article-access__heading">Access this chapter</h2> <div class="u-ma-16 u-clear-both"> <a href="//wayf.springernature.com?redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-642-18741-4_16%3Ferror%3Dcookies_not_supported%26code%3D93e35a33-8d5d-4b0a-b717-1f7a6c8f1e84" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-justify-content-space-between c-pdf-download__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="institution access" data-track-label="button"> <span data-test="access-via-institution">Log in via an institution</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg> </a> </div> <div data-test="buy-box-mobile" class="u-mb-24"> <div class="sprcom-buybox-darwin sprcom-buybox-darwin-b buybox" id="sprcom-buybox-darwin-b"> <div> <div class="c-springer-plus"> <h2 class="springer-plus-heading">Subscribe and save</h2> <div class="springer-plus"> <div class="springer-plus-headline"> <div class="springer-plus-title"> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-check-filled-medium"></use> </svg><span>Springer+ Basic</span> </div> <div class="dd price-amount-springer-plus"> €32.70 /Month </div> </div> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Get 10 units per month</li> <li>Download Article/Chapter or eBook</li> <li>1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter</li> <li>Cancel anytime</li> </ul><a href="https://link.springer.com/product/springer-plus" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--secondary" id="btn-subscribe-springerPlus" data-track="click||click_springer_subscribe" data-track-context="buy box"> <span>Subscribe now </span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></a> </div> <h2 class="springer-plus-heading-end">Buy Now</h2> </div> <div class="c-box"> <div class="buying-options"> <div class="buying-option expanded"> <dl class="buying-option-price"> <dt> <svg width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M11.782 11L9.3 8.518c-.393-.392-.4-1.022-.02-1.403a1.001 1.001 0 011.417 0l4.176 4.177a1.001 1.001 0 010 1.416l-4.176 4.177a.991.991 0 01-1.4.016 1 1 0 01.003-1.42L11.782 13l1.013-.998L11.782 11z" fill="#666" fill-rule="evenodd"></path> </svg> Chapter </dt> <dd class="price-amount"> <div data-test-id="test-chapter-price" class="buybox__price"> EUR 29.95 </div> </dd> <dd class="price-info"> Price includes VAT (Hong Kong/P.R.China) </dd> </dl> <form class="buying-option-form" action="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="type" value="chapter"> <input type="hidden" name="doi" value="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"> <input type="hidden" name="isxn" value="978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="contenttitle" value="Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder"> <input type="hidden" name="copyrightyear" value="2004"> <input type="hidden" name="year" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="authors" value="Lothar Rink, Klaus Dalhoff"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen"> <input type="hidden" name="mac" value="b387d10d11ebdf223e0137ccb575e2e6"> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Available as PDF</li> <li>Read on any device</li> <li>Instant download</li> <li>Own it forever</li> </ul> <button type="submit" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-button--xsmall" value="Submit" data-track="click" data-track-prefer="click" data-track-action="buy pdf" data-track-label="buy chapter action" onclick="dataLayer.push({"event":"addToCart","ecommerce":{"currencyCode":"EUR","add":{"products":[{"name":"Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder","id":"10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16","price":29.95,"brand":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","category":"Biomedical Research","variant":"ppv-chapter","quantity":1}]}}});">Buy Chapter <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></button> </form> </div> <div class="buying-option expanded"> <dl class="buying-option-price"> <dt> <svg width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M11.782 11L9.3 8.518c-.393-.392-.4-1.022-.02-1.403a1.001 1.001 0 011.417 0l4.176 4.177a1.001 1.001 0 010 1.416l-4.176 4.177a.991.991 0 01-1.4.016 1 1 0 01.003-1.42L11.782 13l1.013-.998L11.782 11z" fill="#666" fill-rule="evenodd"></path> </svg> eBook </dt> <dd class="price-amount"> EUR 86.99 </dd> <dd class="price-info"> Price includes VAT (Hong Kong/P.R.China) </dd> </dl> <form class="buying-option-form" action="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="type" value="ebook"> <input type="hidden" name="doi" value="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="isxn" value="978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="contenttitle" value="Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen"> <input type="hidden" name="mac" value="a0395247581a508db1544335dd0dc1a6"> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Available as PDF</li> <li>Read on any device</li> <li>Instant download</li> <li>Own it forever</li> </ul> <button type="submit" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-button--xsmall" value="Submit" data-track="click" data-track-prefer="click" data-track-label="buy ebook" onclick="dataLayer.push({"event":"addToCart","ecommerce":{"currencyCode":"EUR","add":{"products":[{"name":"Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen","id":"978-3-642-18741-4","price":81.30,"brand":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","category":"Biomedical Research","variant":"ebo","quantity":1}]}}});">Buy eBook <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></button> </form> </div> <div class="buying-option expanded"> <dl class="buying-option-price"> <dt> <svg width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M11.782 11L9.3 8.518c-.393-.392-.4-1.022-.02-1.403a1.001 1.001 0 011.417 0l4.176 4.177a1.001 1.001 0 010 1.416l-4.176 4.177a.991.991 0 01-1.4.016 1 1 0 01.003-1.42L11.782 13l1.013-.998L11.782 11z" fill="#666" fill-rule="evenodd"></path> </svg> Softcover Book </dt> <dd class="price-amount"> EUR 102.79 </dd> <dd class="price-info"> Price excludes VAT (Hong Kong/P.R.China) </dd> </dl> <form class="buying-option-form" action="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="type" value="book"> <input type="hidden" name="doi" value="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="isxn" value="978-3-642-62272-4"> <input type="hidden" name="contenttitle" value="Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen"> <input type="hidden" name="mac" value="22f4e1c531942c9d52c52057ccf8877e"> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Compact, lightweight edition</li> <li>Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days</li> <li>Free shipping worldwide - <a href="https://support.springernature.com/en/support/solutions/articles/6000233448-coronavirus-disease-covid-19-delivery-information" target="_blank">see info</a></li> </ul> <button type="submit" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-button--xsmall" value="Submit" data-track="click" data-track-prefer="click" data-track-label="buy softcover" onclick="dataLayer.push({"event":"addToCart","ecommerce":{"currencyCode":"EUR","add":{"products":[{"name":"Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen","id":"978-3-642-62272-4","price":102.79,"brand":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","category":"Biomedical Research","variant":"print","quantity":1}]}}});">Buy Softcover Book <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="buybox-tax-info"> <p class="c-notes__text tax-info">Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout</p> <p class="c-notes__text buybox-additional-info">Purchases are for personal use only</p> </div> </div> <style> .c-springer-plus { display: none; } .springer-plus { background-color: #EBF6FF; padding: 16px; font-family: "Merriweather Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } .springer-plus-headline { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } .springer-plus-heading { border-bottom: 1px solid #c5e0f4; border-top: 1px solid #c5e0f4; font-family: "Merriweather Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; text-align: center; font-weight: 700; padding: 16px; margin: 0; } .springer-plus-heading-end { border-top: 1px solid #c5e0f4; font-family: "Merriweather Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; text-align: center; font-weight: 700; padding: 16px; margin: 0; } .springer-plus-title { display: flex; align-items: center; } .springer-plus-title span { margin-left: 8px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a { color: #025e8d; font-size: 16px; background-color: #fff; border: 1px solid #025e8d; font-weight: 700; max-height: 44px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a span { margin-right: 8px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a:hover { color: #fff; background-color: #025e8d; border: 4px solid #025e8d; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 700; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a:visited { color: #025e8d; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a:visited:hover { color: #fff; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus .buying-option-usps { color: #555; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0; padding-left: 0; list-style: none; padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom: 24px; border-top: 0; } /* end of springer-plus */ .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b > div { flex-grow: 1; width: 100%; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-options { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 0; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-options > * { background-color: #F0F7FC; flex-grow: 1; flex-basis: auto; width: 360px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedbe0; border-top: 1px solid #cedbe0; margin-top: -1px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b dt { align-items: center; display: flex; font-weight: 700; margin-left: -10px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-form { padding: 0 16px 16px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-form button { gap: 8px; margin: 20px 0px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price { align-items: center; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.4; user-select: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 24px; margin: 0; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price:focus { outline: 4px solid #08c; z-index: 1; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt, .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt svg path { color: #025e8d; fill: #025e8d; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt, .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dd { flex-grow: 1; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt svg { height: auto; min-width: 24px; margin-right: 12px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-info { color: #555; font-size: .875rem; text-align: right; width: 100%; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-amount { color: #555; text-align: right; font-weight: 600; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-amount-without-discount { color: #c40606; text-decoration: line-through; width: 100%; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-type { font-size: 40%; margin-left: 8px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps { color: #555; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0; padding-left: 0; list-style: none; padding-top: 16px; border-top: 1px solid #f0f0f0; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps > li { position: relative; padding-left: 26px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps > li::before { position: absolute; content: ""; left: 0; top: calc(0.8em - 5px); background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 100 100' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='%230070A8'%3E%3Ccircle cx='50' cy='50' r='50'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); width: 10px; height: 10px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps > li:not(:first-child) { margin-top: 4px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-options > .expanded { background-color: #fff; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b dl { } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b a:visited { color: #004b83; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b [aria-expanded=false] svg { transform: rotate(90deg) scale(1.5); } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b [aria-expanded=true] svg { transform: rotate(270deg) scale(1.5); } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b dt { align-items: center; display: flex; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b style { display: none; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buybox-tax-info { text-align: center; padding: 16px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .tax-info, .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buybox-additional-info { font-size: .875rem; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buybox-additional-info { font-weight: 600; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .u-button--primary.u-button--xsmall { font-size: .875rem; padding: 2px 8px; } </style> <script> ;(function () { var timestamp = Date.now() document.write('<div data-id="id_'+ timestamp +'"></div>') var buybox = document.querySelector("[data-id=id_"+ timestamp +"]").parentNode var buyingOptions = buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option") ;[].slice.call(buyingOptions).forEach(initCollapsibles) // springerPlus roll out 10% starts here var springerPlusGroup = setLocalStorageSpringerPlus(); var rollOutSpringerPlus = springerPlusGroup === "B" function setLocalStorageSpringerPlus() { var selectUserKey = "springerPlusRollOut"; var springerPlusGroup = "X"; if (!window.localStorage) return springerPlusGroup; try { var selectUserValue = window.localStorage.getItem(selectUserKey) springerPlusGroup = selectUserValue || randomDistributionSpringerPlus(selectUserKey) } catch (err) { console.log(err) } return springerPlusGroup; } function randomDistributionSpringerPlus(selectUserKey) { var randomGroup = Math.random() < 0.7 ? "A" : "B" window.localStorage.setItem(selectUserKey, randomGroup) return randomGroup } if (rollOutSpringerPlus) { revealSpringerPlus(); } function revealSpringerPlus() { if(buybox) { document.querySelectorAll(".c-springer-plus").forEach(function(node) { node.style.display = "block" }) } } //springerPlus ends here var buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth = 480 function initCollapsibles(subscription, index) { var toggle = subscription.querySelector(".buying-option-price") subscription.classList.remove("expanded") var form = subscription.querySelector(".buying-option-form") var priceInfo = subscription.querySelector(".price-info") var buyingOption = toggle.parentElement if (toggle && form && priceInfo) { toggle.setAttribute("role", "button") toggle.setAttribute("tabindex", "0") toggle.addEventListener("click", function (event) { var expandedBuyingOptions = buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option.expanded") var buyboxWidth = buybox.offsetWidth ;[].slice.call(expandedBuyingOptions).forEach(function(option) { if (buyboxWidth <= buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth && option != buyingOption) { hideBuyingOption(option) } }) var expanded = toggle.getAttribute("aria-expanded") === "true" || false toggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", !expanded) form.hidden = expanded if (!expanded) { buyingOption.classList.add("expanded") } else { buyingOption.classList.remove("expanded") } priceInfo.hidden = expanded }, false) } } function hideBuyingOption(buyingOption) { var toggle = buyingOption.querySelector(".buying-option-price") var form = buyingOption.querySelector(".buying-option-form") var priceInfo = buyingOption.querySelector(".price-info") toggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", false) form.hidden = true buyingOption.classList.remove("expanded") priceInfo.hidden = true } function initKeyControls() { document.addEventListener("keydown", function (event) { if (document.activeElement.classList.contains("buying-option-price") && (event.code === "Space" || event.code === "Enter")) { if (document.activeElement) { event.preventDefault() document.activeElement.click() } } }, false) } function initialStateOpen() { var buyboxWidth = buybox.offsetWidth ;[].slice.call(buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option")).forEach(function (option, index) { var toggle = option.querySelector(".buying-option-price") var form = option.querySelector(".buying-option-form") var priceInfo = option.querySelector(".price-info") if (buyboxWidth > buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth) { toggle.click() } else { if (index === 0) { toggle.click() } else { toggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "false") form.hidden = "hidden" priceInfo.hidden = "hidden" } } }) } initialStateOpen() if (window.buyboxInitialised) return window.buyboxInitialised = true initKeyControls() })() </script> <script> ;(function () { if (document.cookie.indexOf("feature-monetise-subscriptions-display-springer-plus") > -1) { document.querySelectorAll(".c-springer-plus").forEach(function(node) { node.style.display = "block" }) } })() </script> </div> </div> <div class="app-article-access__subscriptions"> <p><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians/licensing/agc/ebooks">Institutional subscriptions <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="24" height="24" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg> </a></p> </div> </div> <section> <div class="c-article-section c-pdf-preview" id="preview-section"> <h2 class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item" id="preview">Preview</h2> <div class="c-article-section__content"> <object class="c-pdf-preview__embed c-pdf-preview__embed--height" data="//page-one.springer.com/pdf/preview/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16" type="application/pdf" width="100%"> <p data-fallback-text="true">Unable to display preview. <a href="//page-one.springer.com/pdf/preview/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16">Download preview PDF.</a></p> </object> <p class="c-pdf-preview__info">Unable to display preview. <a href="//page-one.springer.com/pdf/preview/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16">Download preview PDF.</a></p> </div> </div> </section> <div data-test="cobranding-download"> </div> <section aria-labelledby="inline-recommendations" data-title="Inline Recommendations" class="c-article-recommendations" data-track-component="inline-recommendations"> <h3 class="c-article-recommendations-title" id="inline-recommendations">Similar content being viewed by others</h3> <div class="c-article-recommendations-list"> <div class="c-article-recommendations-list__item"> <article class="c-article-recommendations-card" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"> <div class="c-article-recommendations-card__img"><img src="https://media.springernature.com/w92h120/springer-static/cover-hires/book/978-3-642-54577-1?as=webp" loading="lazy" alt=""></div> <div class="c-article-recommendations-card__main"> <h3 class="c-article-recommendations-card__heading" itemprop="name headline"> <a class="c-article-recommendations-card__link" itemprop="url" href="https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-642-54577-1_58?fromPaywallRec=true" data-track="select_recommendations_1" data-track-context="inline recommendations" data-track-action="click recommendations inline - 1" data-track-label="10.1007/978-3-642-54577-1_58">Immunerkrankungen </a> </h3> <div class="c-article-meta-recommendations" data-test="recommendation-info"> <span class="c-article-meta-recommendations__item-type">Chapter</span> <span class="c-article-meta-recommendations__date">© 2015</span> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="c-article-recommendations-list__item"> <article class="c-article-recommendations-card" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"> <div class="c-article-recommendations-card__img"><img src="https://media.springernature.com/w92h120/springer-static/cover-hires/book/978-3-662-44843-4?as=webp" loading="lazy" alt=""></div> <div class="c-article-recommendations-card__main"> <h3 class="c-article-recommendations-card__heading" itemprop="name headline"> <a class="c-article-recommendations-card__link" itemprop="url" href="https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-662-44843-4_15?fromPaywallRec=true" data-track="select_recommendations_2" data-track-context="inline recommendations" data-track-action="click recommendations inline - 2" data-track-label="10.1007/978-3-662-44843-4_15">Einflüsse auf das Immunsystem </a> </h3> <div class="c-article-meta-recommendations" data-test="recommendation-info"> <span class="c-article-meta-recommendations__item-type">Chapter</span> <span class="c-article-meta-recommendations__date">© 2015</span> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="c-article-recommendations-list__item"> <article class="c-article-recommendations-card" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"> <div class="c-article-recommendations-card__img"><img src="https://media.springernature.com/w92h120/springer-static/cover-hires/book/978-3-662-44843-4?as=webp" loading="lazy" alt=""></div> <div class="c-article-recommendations-card__main"> <h3 class="c-article-recommendations-card__heading" itemprop="name headline"> <a class="c-article-recommendations-card__link" itemprop="url" href="https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-662-44843-4_16?fromPaywallRec=true" data-track="select_recommendations_3" data-track-context="inline recommendations" data-track-action="click recommendations inline - 3" data-track-label="10.1007/978-3-662-44843-4_16">Immundefekte </a> </h3> <div class="c-article-meta-recommendations" data-test="recommendation-info"> <span class="c-article-meta-recommendations__item-type">Chapter</span> <span class="c-article-meta-recommendations__date">© 2015</span> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </section> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ recommendations: { recommender: 'semantic', model: 'specter', policy_id: 'NA', timestamp: 1732855106, embedded_user: 'null' } }); </script> <div id="MagazineFulltextChapterBodySuffix"><section aria-labelledby="Bib1" data-title="Literatur"><div class="c-article-section" id="Bib1-section"><h2 id="Bib1" class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item">Literatur</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="Bib1-content"><div data-container-section="references"><ul class="c-article-references" data-track-component="outbound reference" data-track-context="references section"><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR1">Al-Rayes H, Pachas W, Mirza N, Ahern DJ, Geha RS, Vercelli D (1992) IgE regulation and lymphokine patterns in aging humans. J Allergy Clin Immunol 90:630–636</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR1-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0091-6749(92)90136-P" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0091-6749(92)90136-P" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0091-6749%2892%2990136-P" aria-label="Article reference 1" data-doi="10.1016/0091-6749(92)90136-P">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1328343" aria-label="PubMed reference 1">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s%252FhslGnsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 1">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 1" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=IgE%20regulation%20and%20lymphokine%20patterns%20in%20aging%20humans&journal=J%20Allergy%20Clin%20Immunol&volume=90&pages=630-636&publication_year=1992&author=Al-Rayes%2CH&author=Pachas%2CW&author=Mirza%2CN&author=Ahern%2CDJ&author=Geha%2CRS&author=Vercelli%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR2">Amadori A, Zanovello P, Cozzi E, Ciminale V, Borghesan F, Faggiolo U, Crepaldi G (1988) Study of some early immunological parameters in aging humans. Gerontology 34:277–283</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR2-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000212966" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000212966" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000212966" aria-label="Article reference 2" data-doi="10.1159/000212966">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3065150" aria-label="PubMed reference 2">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL1M7itFGgsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 2">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 2" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Study%20of%20some%20early%20immunological%20parameters%20in%20aging%20humans&journal=Gerontology&volume=34&pages=277-283&publication_year=1988&author=Amadori%2CA&author=Zanovello%2CP&author=Cozzi%2CE&author=Ciminale%2CV&author=Borghesan%2CF&author=Faggiolo%2CU&author=Crepaldi%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR3">Argentati K, Re F, Donnini A, Tucci MG, Franceschi C, Bartozzi B, Bernardini G, et al (2002) Numerical and functional alterations of circulating gammadelta T lymphocytes in aged people and centenarians. J Leukoc Biol 72:65–71</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR3-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12101264" aria-label="PubMed reference 3">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD38XlsVWmsbk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 3">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 3" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Numerical%20and%20functional%20alterations%20of%20circulating%20gammadelta%20T%20lymphocytes%20in%20aged%20people%20and%20centenarians&journal=J%20Leukoc%20Biol&volume=72&pages=65-71&publication_year=2002&author=Argentati%2CK&author=Re%2CF&author=Donnini%2CA&author=Tucci%2CMG&author=Franceschi%2CC&author=Bartozzi%2CB&author=Bernardini%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR4">Arlettaz L, Barbey C, Dumont-Girard F, Helg C, Chapuis B, Roux E, Roosnek E (1999) CD45 isoform phenotypes of human T cells: CD4(+)CD45RA(-)RO(+) memory T cells re-acquire CD45RA without losing CD45RO. Eur J Immunol 29:3987–3994</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR4-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199912)29:12<3987::AID-IMMU3987>3.0.CO;2-4" data-track-item_id="10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199912)29:12<3987::AID-IMMU3987>3.0.CO;2-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291521-4141%28199912%2929%3A12%3C3987%3A%3AAID-IMMU3987%3E3.0.CO%3B2-4" aria-label="Article reference 4" data-doi="10.1002/(SICI)1521-4141(199912)29:12<3987::AID-IMMU3987>3.0.CO;2-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10602008" aria-label="PubMed reference 4">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1MXotVehs7g%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 4">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 4" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=CD45%20isoform%20phenotypes%20of%20human%20T%20cells%3A%20CD4%28%2B%29CD45RA%28-%29RO%28%2B%29%20memory%20T%20cells%20re-acquire%20CD45RA%20without%20losing%20CD45RO&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=29&pages=3987-3994&publication_year=1999&author=Arlettaz%2CL&author=Barbey%2CC&author=Dumont-Girard%2CF&author=Helg%2CC&author=Chapuis%2CB&author=Roux%2CE&author=Roosnek%2CE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR5">Arreaza EE, Gibbons JJ, Siskind GW, Weksler ME (1993) Lower antibody response to tetanus toxoid associated with higher auto-anti-idiotypic antibody in old compared with young humans. Clin Exp Immunol 92:169–173</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR5-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb05965.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb05965.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2249.1993.tb05965.x" aria-label="Article reference 5" data-doi="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb05965.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8467560" aria-label="PubMed reference 5">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3sXmtVWnsLk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 5">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 5" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Lower%20antibody%20response%20to%20tetanus%20toxoid%20associated%20with%20higher%20auto-anti-idiotypic%20antibody%20in%20old%20compared%20with%20young%20humans&journal=Clin%20Exp%20Immunol&volume=92&pages=169-173&publication_year=1993&author=Arreaza%2CEE&author=Gibbons%2CJJ&author=Siskind%2CGW&author=Weksler%2CME"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR6">Balducci L, Extermann M (2000) Management of cancer in the older person: a practical approach. Oncologist 5:224–237</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR6-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1634/theoncologist.5-3-224" data-track-item_id="10.1634/theoncologist.5-3-224" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1634%2Ftheoncologist.5-3-224" aria-label="Article reference 6" data-doi="10.1634/theoncologist.5-3-224">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10884501" aria-label="PubMed reference 6">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3czptlOrug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 6">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 6" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Management%20of%20cancer%20in%20the%20older%20person%3A%20a%20practical%20approach&journal=Oncologist&volume=5&pages=224-237&publication_year=2000&author=Balducci%2CL&author=Extermann%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR7">Banerjee M, Sanderson JD, Spencer J, Dunn-Walters DK (2000) Immunohistochemical analysis of ageing human B and T cell populations reveals an age-related decline of CD8 T cells in spleen but not gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Mech Ageing Dev 115:85–99</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR7-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00106-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00106-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2800%2900106-8" aria-label="Article reference 7" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00106-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10854631" aria-label="PubMed reference 7">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXjvFKgu78%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 7">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 7" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunohistochemical%20analysis%20of%20ageing%20human%20B%20and%20T%20cell%20populations%20reveals%20an%20age-related%20decline%20of%20CD8%20T%20cells%20in%20spleen%20but%20not%20gut-associated%20lymphoid%20tissue%20%28GALT%29&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=115&pages=85-99&publication_year=2000&author=Banerjee%2CM&author=Sanderson%2CJD&author=Spencer%2CJ&author=Dunn-Walters%2CDK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR8">Barinaga M (1991) How long is the human life-span? Science 254:936–938</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR8-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1126/science.1948078" data-track-item_id="10.1126/science.1948078" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1948078" aria-label="Article reference 8" data-doi="10.1126/science.1948078">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1948078" aria-label="PubMed reference 8">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK38%252FlsVGquw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 8">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 8" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=How%20long%20is%20the%20human%20life-span%3F&journal=Science&volume=254&pages=936-938&publication_year=1991&author=Barinaga%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR9">Batory G, Benczur M, Varga M, Garam T, Onody C, Petranyi GG (1981) Increased killer cell activity in aged humans. Immunobiology 158:393–402</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR9-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0171-2985(81)80010-1" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0171-2985(81)80010-1" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0171-2985%2881%2980010-1" aria-label="Article reference 9" data-doi="10.1016/S0171-2985(81)80010-1">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7262912" aria-label="PubMed reference 9">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL3M3mt1OntQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 9">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 9" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Increased%20killer%20cell%20activity%20in%20aged%20humans&journal=Immunobiology&volume=158&pages=393-402&publication_year=1981&author=Batory%2CG&author=Benczur%2CM&author=Varga%2CM&author=Garam%2CT&author=Onody%2CC&author=Petranyi%2CGG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR10">Baum LL, Krishnaraj R (1993) Natural killer cells in host defense. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 13:535–550</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR10-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 10" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Natural%20killer%20cells%20in%20host%20defense&journal=Immunol%20Allergy%20Clin%20North%20Am&volume=13&pages=535-550&publication_year=1993&author=Baum%2CLL&author=Krishnaraj%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR11">Bender BS, Nagel JE, Adler WH, Andres R (1986) Absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte count and subsequent mortality of elderly men. J Am Geriatr Soc 24:649–654</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR11-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 11" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Absolute%20peripheral%20blood%20lymphocyte%20count%20and%20subsequent%20mortality%20of%20elderly%20men&journal=J%20Am%20Geriatr%20Soc&volume=24&pages=649-654&publication_year=1986&author=Bender%2CBS&author=Nagel%2CJE&author=Adler%2CWH&author=Andres%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR12">Bhooma T, Krishnaraj R, Svanborg A (1994) Cytokine sensitivity of human NK cells during immunosenescence. I. IL-2-induced antitumor cytotoxicity. Aging Immunol Infect Dis 5:83–97</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR12-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 12" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytokine%20sensitivity%20of%20human%20NK%20cells%20during%20immunosenescence.%20I.%20IL-2-induced%20antitumor%20cytotoxicity&journal=Aging%20Immunol%20Infect%20Dis&volume=5&pages=83-97&publication_year=1994&author=Bhooma%2CT&author=Krishnaraj%2CR&author=Svanborg%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR13">Biasi D, Carletto A, Dell’Agnola C, Caramaschi P, Montesanti F, Zavateri G, Zeminian S, et al (1996) Neutrophil migration, oxidative metabolism, and adhesion in elderly and young subjects. Inflammation 20:673–681</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR13-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="noopener" data-track-label="10.1007/BF01488803" data-track-item_id="10.1007/BF01488803" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/BF01488803" aria-label="Article reference 13" data-doi="10.1007/BF01488803">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8979154" aria-label="PubMed reference 13">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2s7jtlOmuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 13">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 13" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Neutrophil%20migration%2C%20oxidative%20metabolism%2C%20and%20adhesion%20in%20elderly%20and%20young%20subjects&journal=Inflammation&volume=20&pages=673-681&publication_year=1996&author=Biasi%2CD&author=Carletto%2CA&author=DellAgnola%2CC&author=Caramaschi%2CP&author=Montesanti%2CF&author=Zavateri%2CG&author=Zeminian%2CS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR14">Born J, Uthgenannt D, Dodt C, Nünninghoff D, Ringvolt E, Wagner T, Fehm H-L (1995) Cytokine production and lymphocyte subpopulations in aged humans. An assessment during nocturnal sleep. Mech Ageing Dev 84:113–126</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR14-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(95)01638-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(95)01638-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2895%2901638-4" aria-label="Article reference 14" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(95)01638-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8788239" aria-label="PubMed reference 14">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XhtFyqs7g%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 14">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 14" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytokine%20production%20and%20lymphocyte%20subpopulations%20in%20aged%20humans.%20An%20assessment%20during%20nocturnal%20sleep&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=84&pages=113-126&publication_year=1995&author=Born%2CJ&author=Uthgenannt%2CD&author=Dodt%2CC&author=N%C3%BCnninghoff%2CD&author=Ringvolt%2CE&author=Wagner%2CT&author=Fehm%2CH-L"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR15">Borrego F, Alonso MC, Galiani MD, Carracedo J, Ramirez R, Ostos B, Pena J, et al (1999a) NK phenotypic markers and IL2 response in NK cells from elderly people. Exp Gerontol 34:253–265</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR15-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00076-X" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00076-X" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0531-5565%2898%2900076-X" aria-label="Article reference 15" data-doi="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00076-X">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10363791" aria-label="PubMed reference 15">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1MXisV2qurw%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 15">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 15" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=NK%20phenotypic%20markers%20and%20IL2%20response%20in%20NK%20cells%20from%20elderly%20people&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=34&pages=253-265&publication_year=1999&author=Borrego%2CF&author=Alonso%2CMC&author=Galiani%2CMD&author=Carracedo%2CJ&author=Ramirez%2CR&author=Ostos%2CB&author=Pena%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR16">Borrego F, Robertson MJ, Ritz, J, Pena J, Solana R (1999b) CD69 is a stimulatory receptor for natural killer cell and its cytotoxic effect is blocked by CD94 inhibitory receptor. Immunology 97:159–165</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR16-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00738.x" data-track-item_id="10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00738.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2567.1999.00738.x" aria-label="Article reference 16" data-doi="10.1046/j.1365-2567.1999.00738.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10447727" aria-label="PubMed reference 16">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1MXjt12nu70%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 16">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 16" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=CD69%20is%20a%20stimulatory%20receptor%20for%20natural%20killer%20cell%20and%20its%20cytotoxic%20effect%20is%20blocked%20by%20CD94%20inhibitory%20receptor&journal=Immunology&volume=97&pages=159-165&publication_year=1999&author=Borrego%2CF&author=Robertson%2CMJ&author=Ritz%2C&author=J%2C&author=Pena%2CJ&author=Solana%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR17">Bradley LM, Bradley JS, King DL, Shiigi SM (1989) Predominance of T cells that express CD45R in the CD4+ helper/ inducer lymphocyte subset of neonates. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 51:426–435</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR17-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0090-1229(89)90041-X" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0090-1229(89)90041-X" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0090-1229%2889%2990041-X" aria-label="Article reference 17" data-doi="10.1016/0090-1229(89)90041-X">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2524299" aria-label="PubMed reference 17">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL1M3kvF2ktw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 17">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 17" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Predominance%20of%20T%20cells%20that%20express%20CD45R%20in%20the%20CD4%2B%20helper%2F%20inducer%20lymphocyte%20subset%20of%20neonates&journal=Clin%20Immunol%20Immunopathol&volume=51&pages=426-435&publication_year=1989&author=Bradley%2CLM&author=Bradley%2CJS&author=King%2CDL&author=Shiigi%2CSM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR18">Braga PC, Sala MT, Dal Sasso M, Mancini L, Sandrini MC, Annoni G (1998a) Influence of age on oxidative bursts (chemiluminescence) of polymorphonudear neutrophil leucocytes. Gerontology 44:192–197</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR18-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000022009" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000022009" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000022009" aria-label="Article reference 18" data-doi="10.1159/000022009">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9657078" aria-label="PubMed reference 18">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK1czitFaqtQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 18">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 18" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Influence%20of%20age%20on%20oxidative%20bursts%20%28chemiluminescence%29%20of%20polymorphonudear%20neutrophil%20leucocytes&journal=Gerontology&volume=44&pages=192-197&publication_year=1998&author=Braga%2CPC&author=Sala%2CMT&author=Sasso%2CM&author=Mancini%2CL&author=Sandrini%2CMC&author=Annoni%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR19">Braga PC, Sala MT, Dal Sasso M, Pecile A, Annoni G, Vergani C (1998b) Age-associated differences in neutrophil oxidative burst (chemiluminescence). Exp Gerontol 33: 477–484</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR19-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00012-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00012-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0531-5565%2898%2900012-6" aria-label="Article reference 19" data-doi="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00012-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9762525" aria-label="PubMed reference 19">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlt1WrtLk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 19">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 19" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-associated%20differences%20in%20neutrophil%20oxidative%20burst%20%28chemiluminescence%29&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=33&pages=477-484&publication_year=1998&author=Braga%2CPC&author=Sala%2CMT&author=Sasso%2CM&author=Pecile%2CA&author=Annoni%2CG&author=Vergani%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR20">Brosche T, Platt D (1995) Nutritional factors and age-associated changes in cellular immunity and phagocytosis: a mini-review. Aging Immunol Infect Dis 6:31–42</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR20-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 20" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Nutritional%20factors%20and%20age-associated%20changes%20in%20cellular%20immunity%20and%20phagocytosis%3A%20a%20mini-review&journal=Aging%20Immunol%20Infect%20Dis&volume=6&pages=31-42&publication_year=1995&author=Brosche%2CT&author=Platt%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR21">Bulgarini D, Habetswallner D, Boccoli G, Montesoro E, Camagna A, Mastroberardino G, Rosania C, et al (1989) Zinc modulates the activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Ann Ist Super Sanita 25:463–470</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR21-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2696393" aria-label="PubMed reference 21">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3cXhvFKmsb4%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 21">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 21" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Zinc%20modulates%20the%20activation%20of%20human%20peripheral%20blood%20lymphocytes&journal=Ann%20Ist%20Super%20Sanita&volume=25&pages=463-470&publication_year=1989&author=Bulgarini%2CD&author=Habetswallner%2CD&author=Boccoli%2CG&author=Montesoro%2CE&author=Camagna%2CA&author=Mastroberardino%2CG&author=Rosania%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR22">Butcher S, Chahel H, Lord JM (2000) Review article: ageing and the neutrophil: no appetite for killing? Immunology 100:411–416</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR22-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00079.x" data-track-item_id="10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00079.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2567.2000.00079.x" aria-label="Article reference 22" data-doi="10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00079.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10929066" aria-label="PubMed reference 22">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXmtlejsLc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 22">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 22" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Review%20article%3A%20ageing%20and%20the%20neutrophil%3A%20no%20appetite%20for%20killing%3F&journal=Immunology&volume=100&pages=411-416&publication_year=2000&author=Butcher%2CS&author=Chahel%2CH&author=Lord%2CJM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR23">Butcher SK, Chahel H, Nayak L, Sinclair A, Henriquez NV, Sapey E, O’Mahony D, et al (2001) Senescence in innate immune responses: reduced neutrophil phagocytic capacity and CD16 expression in elderly humans. J Leukoc Biol 70:881–886</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR23-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11739550" aria-label="PubMed reference 23">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXpt1SjtL4%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 23">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 23" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Senescence%20in%20innate%20immune%20responses%3A%20reduced%20neutrophil%20phagocytic%20capacity%20and%20CD16%20expression%20in%20elderly%20humans&journal=J%20Leukoc%20Biol&volume=70&pages=881-886&publication_year=2001&author=Butcher%2CSK&author=Chahel%2CH&author=Nayak%2CL&author=Sinclair%2CA&author=Henriquez%2CNV&author=Sapey%2CE&author=OMahony%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR24">Cakman I (1996) Veränderungen des Immunsystems im Alter. Dissertation, Medizinische Fakultät, Lübeck</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR24-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 24" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Ver%C3%A4nderungen%20des%20Immunsystems%20im%20Alter&publication_year=1996&author=Cakman%2CI"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR25">Cakman I, Rohwer J, Schutz RM, Kirchner H, Rink L (1996) Dysregulation between Th<sub>1</sub> and Th<sub>2</sub> T cell subpopulations in the elderly. Mech Aging Dev 87:197–209</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR25-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(96)01708-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(96)01708-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2896%2901708-3" aria-label="Article reference 25" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(96)01708-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8794447" aria-label="PubMed reference 25">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XksFegsrk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 25">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 25" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Dysregulation%20between%20Th1%20and%20Th2%20T%20cell%20subpopulations%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=87&pages=197-209&publication_year=1996&author=Cakman%2CI&author=Rohwer%2CJ&author=Schutz%2CRM&author=Kirchner%2CH&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR26">Cakman I, Kirchner H, Rink L (1997) Reconstitution of interferon-<i>a</i> production by zinc-supplementation of leucocyte cultures of the elderly individuals. J Interferon Cytokine Res 17:469–472</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR26-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1089/jir.1997.17.469" data-track-item_id="10.1089/jir.1997.17.469" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fjir.1997.17.469" aria-label="Article reference 26" data-doi="10.1089/jir.1997.17.469">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9282827" aria-label="PubMed reference 26">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2svis1WhsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 26">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 26" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Reconstitution%20of%20interferon-a%20production%20by%20zinc-supplementation%20of%20leucocyte%20cultures%20of%20the%20elderly%20individuals&journal=J%20Interferon%20Cytokine%20Res&volume=17&pages=469-472&publication_year=1997&author=Cakman%2CI&author=Kirchner%2CH&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR27">Callard RE, Basten A, Waters LK (1977) Immune function in aged mice: II. B cell function. Cell Immunol 31:26–36</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR27-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0008-8749(77)90003-X" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0008-8749(77)90003-X" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0008-8749%2877%2990003-X" aria-label="Article reference 27" data-doi="10.1016/0008-8749(77)90003-X">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=17469" aria-label="PubMed reference 27">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaE2s3gtlelug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 27">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 27" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immune%20function%20in%20aged%20mice%3A%20II.%20B%20cell%20function&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=31&pages=26-36&publication_year=1977&author=Callard%2CRE&author=Basten%2CA&author=Waters%2CLK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR28">Caminero JA, Pena MJ, Campos-Herrero MI, Rodriguez JC, Afonso O, Martin C, Pavon JM, et al (2001) Exogenous reinfection with tuberculosis on a European island with a moderate incidence of disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 163:717–720</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR28-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11254530" aria-label="PubMed reference 28">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3M3itFGlsg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 28">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 28" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Exogenous%20reinfection%20with%20tuberculosis%20on%20a%20European%20island%20with%20a%20moderate%20incidence%20of%20disease&journal=Am%20J%20Respir%20Crit%20Care%20Med&volume=163&pages=717-720&publication_year=2001&author=Caminero%2CJA&author=Pena%2CMJ&author=Campos-Herrero%2CMI&author=Rodriguez%2CJC&author=Afonso%2CO&author=Martin%2CC&author=Pavon%2CJM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR29">Candore G, Di Lorenzo G, Caruso C, Modica MA, Colucci AT (1992) Mitogen responsive T cell precursors in human beings is completely restored by interleukin-2. Mech Aging Dev 63:297–307</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR29-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90007-Z" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90007-Z" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2892%2990007-Z" aria-label="Article reference 29" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90007-Z">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1614227" aria-label="PubMed reference 29">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK38XktVGrsbs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 29">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 29" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Mitogen%20responsive%20T%20cell%20precursors%20in%20human%20beings%20is%20completely%20restored%20by%20interleukin-2&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=63&pages=297-307&publication_year=1992&author=Candore%2CG&author=Di%20Lorenzo%2CG&author=Caruso%2CC&author=Modica%2CMA&author=Colucci%2CAT"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR30">Castle S, Uyemura K, Wong W, Modlin R, Effros R (1997) Evidence of enhanced type 2 immune response and impaired upregulation of a type 1 response in frail elderly nursing home resident. Mech Aging Dev 94:7–16</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR30-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01821-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01821-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2896%2901821-0" aria-label="Article reference 30" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01821-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9147356" aria-label="PubMed reference 30">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2s3pt1ymtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 30">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 30" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Evidence%20of%20enhanced%20type%202%20immune%20response%20and%20impaired%20upregulation%20of%20a%20type%201%20response%20in%20frail%20elderly%20nursing%20home%20resident&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=94&pages=7-16&publication_year=1997&author=Castle%2CS&author=Uyemura%2CK&author=Wong%2CW&author=Modlin%2CR&author=Effros%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR31">Catania A, Airaghi L, Motta P, Manfedi MG, Annoni G, Pettanati C, Brambilla F, et al (1997) Cytokine antagonists in aged subjects and their relation with cellular immunity. J Gerontol 52A:B93-97</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR31-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 31" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytokine%20antagonists%20in%20aged%20subjects%20and%20their%20relation%20with%20cellular%20immunity&journal=J%20Gerontol&volume=52A&pages=B93-97&publication_year=1997&author=Catania%2CA&author=Airaghi%2CL&author=Motta%2CP&author=Manfedi%2CMG&author=Annoni%2CG&author=Pettanati%2CC&author=Brambilla%2CF"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR32">Catterall (1999) Streptococcus pneumoniae. Thorax 54:929–937</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR32-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1136/thx.54.10.929" data-track-item_id="10.1136/thx.54.10.929" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fthx.54.10.929" aria-label="Article reference 32" data-doi="10.1136/thx.54.10.929">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10491458" aria-label="PubMed reference 32">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK1MvitlOmug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 32">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 32" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Streptococcus%20pneumoniae&journal=Thorax&volume=54&pages=929-937&publication_year=1999&author=Catterall%2C"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR33">Chandra RK (1989) Nutritional regulation of immunity and risk of infection in old age. Immunology 67:141–147</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR33-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2666305" aria-label="PubMed reference 33">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL1Mzis1CrsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 33">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 33" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Nutritional%20regulation%20of%20immunity%20and%20risk%20of%20infection%20in%20old%20age&journal=Immunology&volume=67&pages=141-147&publication_year=1989&author=Chandra%2CRK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR34">Chatta GS, Andrews RG, Rodger E, Schrag M, Hammond WP, Dale DC (1993) Hematopoietic progenitors and aging: alterations in granulocytic precursors and responsiveness to recombinant humans G-CSF, GM-CSF, and IL-3. J Gerontol 48:207–212</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR34-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/geronj/48.5.M207" data-track-item_id="10.1093/geronj/48.5.M207" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgeronj%2F48.5.M207" aria-label="Article reference 34" data-doi="10.1093/geronj/48.5.M207">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 34" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Hematopoietic%20progenitors%20and%20aging%3A%20alterations%20in%20granulocytic%20precursors%20and%20responsiveness%20to%20recombinant%20humans%20G-CSF%2C%20GM-CSF%2C%20and%20IL-3&journal=J%20Gerontol&volume=48&pages=207-212&publication_year=1993&author=Chatta%2CGS&author=Andrews%2CRG&author=Rodger%2CE&author=Schrag%2CM&author=Hammond%2CWP&author=Dale%2CDC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR35">Chiao EY, Ries KM, Sande MA (1999) AIDS and the elderly. Clin Infect Dis 28:740–745</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR35-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1086/515219" data-track-item_id="10.1086/515219" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F515219" aria-label="Article reference 35" data-doi="10.1086/515219">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10825030" aria-label="PubMed reference 35">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c3otlWktQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 35">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 35" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=AIDS%20and%20the%20elderly&journal=Clin%20Infect%20Dis&volume=28&pages=740-745&publication_year=1999&author=Chiao%2CEY&author=Ries%2CKM&author=Sande%2CMA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR36">Chiricolo M, Morini MC, Mancini R, Beltrandi E, Belletti D, Conte R (1995) Cell adhesion molecules CD11a and CD18 in blood monocytes in old age and the consequences for immunological dysfunction. Gerontology 41:227–234</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR36-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000213686" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000213686" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000213686" aria-label="Article reference 36" data-doi="10.1159/000213686">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7557500" aria-label="PubMed reference 36">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXnvF2guro%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 36">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 36" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cell%20adhesion%20molecules%20CD11a%20and%20CD18%20in%20blood%20monocytes%20in%20old%20age%20and%20the%20consequences%20for%20immunological%20dysfunction&journal=Gerontology&volume=41&pages=227-234&publication_year=1995&author=Chiricolo%2CM&author=Morini%2CMC&author=Mancini%2CR&author=Beltrandi%2CE&author=Belletti%2CD&author=Conte%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR37">Choo PW, Galil K, Donahue JG (1997) Risk factors for postherpetic neuralgia. Arch Intern Med 157:1217–1224</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR37-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1001/archinte.1997.00440320117011" data-track-item_id="10.1001/archinte.1997.00440320117011" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Farchinte.1997.00440320117011" aria-label="Article reference 37" data-doi="10.1001/archinte.1997.00440320117011">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9183233" aria-label="PubMed reference 37">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2szis1CisA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 37">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 37" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Risk%20factors%20for%20postherpetic%20neuralgia&journal=Arch%20Intern%20Med&volume=157&pages=1217-1224&publication_year=1997&author=Choo%2CPW&author=Galil%2CK&author=Donahue%2CJG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR38">Cooper EL, Zhang Z, Raftos DA, Habicht GS, Beck G, Connors V, Cossarizza A, et al (1994) When did communication in the immune system begin? Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 7:203–217</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR38-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXjvVKnurc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 38">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 38" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=When%20did%20communication%20in%20the%20immune%20system%20begin%3F&journal=Int%20J%20Immunopathol%20Pharmacol&volume=7&pages=203-217&publication_year=1994&author=Cooper%2CEL&author=Zhang%2CZ&author=Raftos%2CDA&author=Habicht%2CGS&author=Beck%2CG&author=Connors%2CV&author=Cossarizza%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR39">Cossarizza A, Ortolani C, Paganelli R (1992a) Age-related imbalance of virgin (CD45RA+) and memory (CD45RO+) cells between CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in humans: a study from newborns to centenarians. J Immunol Res 4:118–126</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR39-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 39" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20imbalance%20of%20virgin%20%28CD45RA%2B%29%20and%20memory%20%28CD45RO%2B%29%20cells%20between%20CD4%2B%20and%20CD8%2B%20T%20lymphocytes%20in%20humans%3A%20a%20study%20from%20newborns%20to%20centenarians&journal=J%20Immunol%20Res&volume=4&pages=118-126&publication_year=1992&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Ortolani%2CC&author=Paganelli%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR40">Cossarizza A, Monti D, Cantini M, Paganelli R, Montagnani G, Cadossi R, Bersani F, Franceschi C (1992b) Extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields increase interleukin-2 (IL-2) utilization and IL-2 receptor expression in lymphocytes from old subjects. FEBS Lett 1989 memory. J Exp Med 173:25–36</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR40-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 40" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Extremely%20low%20frequency%20pulsed%20electromagnetic%20fields%20increase%20interleukin-2%20%28IL-2%29%20utilization%20and%20IL-2%20receptor%20expression%20in%20lymphocytes%20from%20old%20subjects.%20FEBS%20Lett%201989%20memory&journal=J%20Exp%20Med&volume=173&pages=25-36&publication_year=1992&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Monti%2CD&author=Cantini%2CM&author=Paganelli%2CR&author=Montagnani%2CG&author=Cadossi%2CR&author=Bersani%2CF&author=Franceschi%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR41">Cossarizza A, Barbieri D, Londei M (1995) T cell repertoire usage in humans, from newborns to centenarians. In Rev Immunol 12:41–45</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR41-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.3109/08830189509056701" data-track-item_id="10.3109/08830189509056701" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.3109%2F08830189509056701" aria-label="Article reference 41" data-doi="10.3109/08830189509056701">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK28%252FntVagtQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 41">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 41" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=T%20cell%20repertoire%20usage%20in%20humans%2C%20from%20newborns%20to%20centenarians&journal=In%20Rev%20Immunol&volume=12&pages=41-45&publication_year=1995&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Barbieri%2CD&author=Londei%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR42">Cossarizza A, Ortolani C, Paganelli R, Barbieri D, Monti D, Sansoni P, et al (1996) CD45 isoforms expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells throughout life, from newborns to centenarians: implications for T cell memory. Mech Ageing Dev 86:173–195</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR42-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(95)01691-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(95)01691-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2895%2901691-0" aria-label="Article reference 42" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(95)01691-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8733112" aria-label="PubMed reference 42">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XjtV2hu7k%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 42">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 42" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=CD45%20isoforms%20expression%20on%20CD4%2B%20and%20CD8%2B%20T%20cells%20throughout%20life%2C%20from%20newborns%20to%20centenarians%3A%20implications%20for%20T%20cell%20memory&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=86&pages=173-195&publication_year=1996&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Ortolani%2CC&author=Paganelli%2CR&author=Barbieri%2CD&author=Monti%2CD&author=Sansoni%2CP"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR43">Cossarizza A, Ortolani C, Monti D, Franceschi C (1997) Cytometric analysis of immunosenescence. Cytometry 27: 297–313</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR43-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19970401)27:4<297::AID-CYTO1>3.0.CO;2-A" data-track-item_id="10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19970401)27:4<297::AID-CYTO1>3.0.CO;2-A" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291097-0320%2819970401%2927%3A4%3C297%3A%3AAID-CYTO1%3E3.0.CO%3B2-A" aria-label="Article reference 43" data-doi="10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19970401)27:4<297::AID-CYTO1>3.0.CO;2-A">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9098622" aria-label="PubMed reference 43">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXis1entbo%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 43">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 43" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytometric%20analysis%20of%20immunosenescence&journal=Cytometry&volume=27&pages=297-313&publication_year=1997&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Ortolani%2CC&author=Monti%2CD&author=Franceschi%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR44">Craig GM, Evans SJ, Brayshaw BJ, Raina SK (1990) A study of serum zinc, alpha-2-macroglobulin and transferrin levels in acute and long stay elderly hospital patients. Postgrad Med 66:205–209</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR44-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1136/pgmj.66.773.205" data-track-item_id="10.1136/pgmj.66.773.205" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fpgmj.66.773.205" aria-label="Article reference 44" data-doi="10.1136/pgmj.66.773.205">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3czgtFKitQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 44">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 44" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=A%20study%20of%20serum%20zinc%2C%20alpha-2-macroglobulin%20and%20transferrin%20levels%20in%20acute%20and%20long%20stay%20elderly%20hospital%20patients&journal=Postgrad%20Med&volume=66&pages=205-209&publication_year=1990&author=Craig%2CGM&author=Evans%2CSJ&author=Brayshaw%2CBJ&author=Raina%2CSK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR45">Damtew B, Spagnuolo PJ, Goldsmith GG, Marino JA (1990) Neutrophil adhesion in the elderly: inhibitory effect of plasma from elderly patients. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 54:247–255</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR45-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0090-1229(90)90086-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0090-1229(90)90086-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0090-1229%2890%2990086-6" aria-label="Article reference 45" data-doi="10.1016/0090-1229(90)90086-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2295155" aria-label="PubMed reference 45">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3c7gslSnsg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 45">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 45" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Neutrophil%20adhesion%20in%20the%20elderly%3A%20inhibitory%20effect%20of%20plasma%20from%20elderly%20patients&journal=Clin%20Immunol%20Immunopathol&volume=54&pages=247-255&publication_year=1990&author=Damtew%2CB&author=Spagnuolo%2CPJ&author=Goldsmith%2CGG&author=Marino%2CJA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR46">Dardenne M, Pleau JM, Nabama B, Lefancier P, Denierr P, Chosy M, Bach JF (1982) Contributions of zinc and other metal to the biological activity of serum thymic factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:5370–5373</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR46-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1073/pnas.79.17.5370" data-track-item_id="10.1073/pnas.79.17.5370" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.79.17.5370" aria-label="Article reference 46" data-doi="10.1073/pnas.79.17.5370">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6957870" aria-label="PubMed reference 46">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL38XlslGrtrs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 46">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 46" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Contributions%20of%20zinc%20and%20other%20metal%20to%20the%20biological%20activity%20of%20serum%20thymic%20factor&journal=Proc%20Natl%20Acad%20Sci%20USA&volume=79&pages=5370-5373&publication_year=1982&author=Dardenne%2CM&author=Pleau%2CJM&author=Nabama%2CB&author=Lefancier%2CP&author=Denierr%2CP&author=Chosy%2CM&author=Bach%2CJF"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR47">Davies PDO (1994) Tuberculosis in the elderly. J Antimicrob Chemother 34:93–100</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR47-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/jac/34.suppl_A.93" data-track-item_id="10.1093/jac/34.suppl_A.93" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjac%2F34.suppl_A.93" aria-label="Article reference 47" data-doi="10.1093/jac/34.suppl_A.93">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7844078" aria-label="PubMed reference 47">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 47" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Tuberculosis%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=J%20Antimicrob%20Chemother&volume=34&pages=93-100&publication_year=1994&author=Davies%2CPDO"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR48">De Martinis M, Modesti M, Loreto MF, Quaglino D, Ginaldi L (2000) Adhesion molecules on peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in the elderly. Life Sci 68:139–151</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR48-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00924-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00924-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0024-3205%2800%2900924-3" aria-label="Article reference 48" data-doi="10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00924-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11191633" aria-label="PubMed reference 48">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXoslWmsrc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 48">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 48" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Adhesion%20molecules%20on%20peripheral%20blood%20lymphocyte%20subpopulations%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Life%20Sci&volume=68&pages=139-151&publication_year=2000&author=De%20Martinis%2CM&author=Modesti%2CM&author=Loreto%2CMF&author=Quaglino%2CD&author=Ginaldi%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR49">Donahue JG, Choo PW, Manson JE (1995) The incidence of herpes zoster. Arch Inter Med 153:1605–1609</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR49-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1001/archinte.1995.00430150071008" data-track-item_id="10.1001/archinte.1995.00430150071008" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Farchinte.1995.00430150071008" aria-label="Article reference 49" data-doi="10.1001/archinte.1995.00430150071008">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 49" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20incidence%20of%20herpes%20zoster&journal=Arch%20Inter%20Med&volume=153&pages=1605-1609&publication_year=1995&author=Donahue%2CJG&author=Choo%2CPW&author=Manson%2CJE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR50">Doria G, Frasca D (1997) Genes, immunity and senescence: looking for a link. Immunol Rev 160:159–170</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR50-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01036.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01036.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01036.x" aria-label="Article reference 50" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01036.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476674" aria-label="PubMed reference 50">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlvVSlsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 50">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 50" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Genes%2C%20immunity%20and%20senescence%3A%20looking%20for%20a%20link&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=159-170&publication_year=1997&author=Doria%2CG&author=Frasca%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR51">Dorken E, Grzybowski S, Allen EA (1987) Significance of the tuberculin test in the elderly. Chest 92:237–240</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR51-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1378/chest.92.2.237" data-track-item_id="10.1378/chest.92.2.237" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1378%2Fchest.92.2.237" aria-label="Article reference 51" data-doi="10.1378/chest.92.2.237">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3111795" aria-label="PubMed reference 51">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2s3nsFWjtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 51">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 51" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Significance%20of%20the%20tuberculin%20test%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Chest&volume=92&pages=237-240&publication_year=1987&author=Dorken%2CE&author=Grzybowski%2CS&author=Allen%2CEA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR52">Driessen C, Hirv K, Schuetz RM, Rink L, Kirchner H (1994) Induction of cytokines by zinc ions in peripherial blood mononuclear cells and separated monocytes. Lymphokine Cytokine Res 13:15–20</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR52-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8186320" aria-label="PubMed reference 52">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXitFCqtLg%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 52">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 52" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Induction%20of%20cytokines%20by%20zinc%20ions%20in%20peripherial%20blood%20mononuclear%20cells%20and%20separated%20monocytes&journal=Lymphokine%20Cytokine%20Res&volume=13&pages=15-20&publication_year=1994&author=Driessen%2CC&author=Hirv%2CK&author=Schuetz%2CRM&author=Rink%2CL&author=Kirchner%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR53">Effros RB, Walford RL (1984) The effect of age on the antigen-presenting mechanism in limiting dilution precursor cell frequency analysis. Cell Immunol 88:531–539</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR53-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0008-8749(84)90184-9" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0008-8749(84)90184-9" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0008-8749%2884%2990184-9" aria-label="Article reference 53" data-doi="10.1016/0008-8749(84)90184-9">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6333281" aria-label="PubMed reference 53">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2M%252FisV2nsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 53">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 53" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20effect%20of%20age%20on%20the%20antigen-presenting%20mechanism%20in%20limiting%20dilution%20precursor%20cell%20frequency%20analysis&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=88&pages=531-539&publication_year=1984&author=Effros%2CRB&author=Walford%2CRL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR54">El-Solh AA, Sikka P, Ramadan F, Davies J (2001) Etiology of severe pneumonia in the very elderly. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 163:645–651</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR54-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11254518" aria-label="PubMed reference 54">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3MzntVSmuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 54">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 54" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Etiology%20of%20severe%20pneumonia%20in%20the%20very%20elderly&journal=Am%20J%20Respir%20Crit%20Care%20Med&volume=163&pages=645-651&publication_year=2001&author=El-Solh%2CAA&author=Sikka%2CP&author=Ramadan%2CF&author=Davies%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR55">Engwerda CR, Handwerger BS, Fox BS (1994) Aged T cells are hyporesponsive to costimulation mediated by CD28. J Immunol 152:3740–3747</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR55-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7511658" aria-label="PubMed reference 55">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXivFKhsL8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 55">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 55" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Aged%20T%20cells%20are%20hyporesponsive%20to%20costimulation%20mediated%20by%20CD28&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=152&pages=3740-3747&publication_year=1994&author=Engwerda%2CCR&author=Handwerger%2CBS&author=Fox%2CBS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR56">Eskandari F, Sternberg EM (2002) Neural-immune interactions in health and disease. Ann NY Acad Sci 966:20–27</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR56-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04198.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04198.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.2002.tb04198.x" aria-label="Article reference 56" data-doi="10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04198.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12114255" aria-label="PubMed reference 56">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD38XlvVWmsLg%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 56">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 56" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Neural-immune%20interactions%20in%20health%20and%20disease&journal=Ann%20NY%20Acad%20Sci&volume=966&pages=20-27&publication_year=2002&author=Eskandari%2CF&author=Sternberg%2CEM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR57">Esparza B, Sanchez H, Ruiz M, Barranquero M, Sabino E, Merino F (1996) Neutrophil function in elderly persons assessed by flow cytometry. Immunol Invest 25:185–190</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR57-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.3109/08820139609059301" data-track-item_id="10.3109/08820139609059301" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.3109%2F08820139609059301" aria-label="Article reference 57" data-doi="10.3109/08820139609059301">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9157053" aria-label="PubMed reference 57">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2s%252Fhtlymtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 57">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 57" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Neutrophil%20function%20in%20elderly%20persons%20assessed%20by%20flow%20cytometry&journal=Immunol%20Invest&volume=25&pages=185-190&publication_year=1996&author=Esparza%2CB&author=Sanchez%2CH&author=Ruiz%2CM&author=Barranquero%2CM&author=Sabino%2CE&author=Merino%2CF"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR58">Esposito AL (1994) Pneumonia in the elderly. In: Pennington JE (ed) Respiratory infections diagnosis and management. Raven Press, pp 257–274</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR58-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=Esposito%20AL%20%281994%29%20Pneumonia%20in%20the%20elderly.%20In%3A%20Pennington%20JE%20%28ed%29%20Respiratory%20infections%20diagnosis%20and%20management.%20Raven%20Press%2C%20pp%20257%E2%80%93274"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR59">Facchini A, Mariani E, Mariani AR, Papa S, Vitale ME, Manzoli FA (1987) Increased number of circulating Leul lc+ (DC16) large granular lymphocytes and decreased NK activity during human aging. Clin Exp Immunol 68:340–347</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR59-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3498573" aria-label="PubMed reference 59">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL1c%252Fgt12qsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 59">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 59" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Increased%20number%20of%20circulating%20Leul%20lc%2B%20%28DC16%29%20large%20granular%20lymphocytes%20and%20decreased%20NK%20activity%20during%20human%20aging&journal=Clin%20Exp%20Immunol&volume=68&pages=340-347&publication_year=1987&author=Facchini%2CA&author=Mariani%2CE&author=Mariani%2CAR&author=Papa%2CS&author=Vitale%2CME&author=Manzoli%2CFA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR60">Fagiolo U, Cossarizza A, Scala E, Fenales-Belasio E, Ortolani C, Cozzi E, Monti D, et al (1993) Increased cytokine production in mononuclear cells of healthy elderly people. Eur J Immunol 23:2375–2378</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR60-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/eji.1830230950" data-track-item_id="10.1002/eji.1830230950" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830230950" aria-label="Article reference 60" data-doi="10.1002/eji.1830230950">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8370415" aria-label="PubMed reference 60">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3sXms1yltrk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 60">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 60" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Increased%20cytokine%20production%20in%20mononuclear%20cells%20of%20healthy%20elderly%20people&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=23&pages=2375-2378&publication_year=1993&author=Fagiolo%2CU&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Scala%2CE&author=Fenales-Belasio%2CE&author=Ortolani%2CC&author=Cozzi%2CE&author=Monti%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR61">Fagnoni FF, Vescovini R, Mazzola M, Bologna G, Nigro E, Lavagetto G, Franceschi C, et al (1996) Expansion of cytotoxic CD8+ CD28-T cells in healthy ageing people, including centenarians. Immunology 88:501–507</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR61-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1046/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-689.x" data-track-item_id="10.1046/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-689.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2567.1996.d01-689.x" aria-label="Article reference 61" data-doi="10.1046/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-689.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8881749" aria-label="PubMed reference 61">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XkvFCmu78%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 61">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 61" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Expansion%20of%20cytotoxic%20CD8%2B%20CD28-T%20cells%20in%20healthy%20ageing%20people%2C%20including%20centenarians&journal=Immunology&volume=88&pages=501-507&publication_year=1996&author=Fagnoni%2CFF&author=Vescovini%2CR&author=Mazzola%2CM&author=Bologna%2CG&author=Nigro%2CE&author=Lavagetto%2CG&author=Franceschi%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR62">Fagnoni FF, Vescovini R, Passeri G, Bologna G, Pedrazzoni M, Lavagetto G, Casti A, et al (2000) Shortage of circulating naive CD8(+) T cells provides new insights on immunodeficiency in aging. Blood 95:2860–2868</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR62-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10779432" aria-label="PubMed reference 62">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXivVaru7Y%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 62">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 62" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Shortage%20of%20circulating%20naive%20CD8%28%2B%29%20T%20cells%20provides%20new%20insights%20on%20immunodeficiency%20in%20aging&journal=Blood&volume=95&pages=2860-2868&publication_year=2000&author=Fagnoni%2CFF&author=Vescovini%2CR&author=Passeri%2CG&author=Bologna%2CG&author=Pedrazzoni%2CM&author=Lavagetto%2CG&author=Casti%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR63">Fang GD, Fine M, Orloff J, Arisumi D, Yu VL, Kapoor W, Grayston T, et al (1990) New and emerging etiologies for community-acquired pneumonia with implications for therapy. Medicine 69:307–316</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR63-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1097/00005792-199009000-00004" data-track-item_id="10.1097/00005792-199009000-00004" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F00005792-199009000-00004" aria-label="Article reference 63" data-doi="10.1097/00005792-199009000-00004">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2205784" aria-label="PubMed reference 63">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3czosVeluw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 63">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 63" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=New%20and%20emerging%20etiologies%20for%20community-acquired%20pneumonia%20with%20implications%20for%20therapy&journal=Medicine&volume=69&pages=307-316&publication_year=1990&author=Fang%2CGD&author=Fine%2CM&author=Orloff%2CJ&author=Arisumi%2CD&author=Yu%2CVL&author=Kapoor%2CW&author=Grayston%2CT"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR64">Ferguson FG, Wikby A, Maxson P, Olsson J, Johansson B (1995) Immune parameters in a longitudinal study of a very old population of Swedish people: a comparison between survivors and nonsurvivors. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 50:B378–B382</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR64-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/gerona/50A.6.B378" data-track-item_id="10.1093/gerona/50A.6.B378" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgerona%2F50A.6.B378" aria-label="Article reference 64" data-doi="10.1093/gerona/50A.6.B378">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7583794" aria-label="PubMed reference 64">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK28%252FnsVCiuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 64">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 64" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immune%20parameters%20in%20a%20longitudinal%20study%20of%20a%20very%20old%20population%20of%20Swedish%20people%3A%20a%20comparison%20between%20survivors%20and%20nonsurvivors&journal=J%20Gerontol%20A%20Biol%20Sci%20Med%20Sci&volume=50&pages=B378-B382&publication_year=1995&author=Ferguson%2CFG&author=Wikby%2CA&author=Maxson%2CP&author=Olsson%2CJ&author=Johansson%2CB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR65">Fernandez-Gutierrez B, Jover JA, De Miguel S, Hernandez-Garcia C, Vidan MT, Ribera JM, Banares A, et al (1999) Early lymphocyte activation in elderly humans: impaired T and T-dependent B cell responses. Exp Gerontol 34: 217–229</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR65-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00068-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00068-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0531-5565%2898%2900068-0" aria-label="Article reference 65" data-doi="10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00068-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10363788" aria-label="PubMed reference 65">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1MXisV2qtbc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 65">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 65" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Early%20lymphocyte%20activation%20in%20elderly%20humans%3A%20impaired%20T%20and%20T-dependent%20B%20cell%20responses&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=34&pages=217-229&publication_year=1999&author=Fernandez-Gutierrez%2CB&author=Jover%2CJA&author=De%20Miguel%2CS&author=Hernandez-Garcia%2CC&author=Vidan%2CMT&author=Ribera%2CJM&author=Banares%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR66">Ferro S, Salit I (1992) HIV-Infections in patients over 55 years of age. J Acquir Immune Def Syn 5:348–355</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR66-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK387psVSrug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 66">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 66" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=HIV-Infections%20in%20patients%20over%2055%20years%20of%20age&journal=J%20Acquir%20Immune%20Def%20Syn&volume=5&pages=348-355&publication_year=1992&author=Ferro%2CS&author=Salit%2CI"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR67">Fine MJ, Auble TE, Yealy DM (1997) A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 336:243–250</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR67-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1056/NEJM199701233360402" data-track-item_id="10.1056/NEJM199701233360402" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJM199701233360402" aria-label="Article reference 67" data-doi="10.1056/NEJM199701233360402">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8995086" aria-label="PubMed reference 67">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2s7js1Gguw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 67">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 67" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=A%20prediction%20rule%20to%20identify%20low-risk%20patients%20with%20community-acquired%20pneumonia&journal=N%20Engl%20J%20Med&volume=336&pages=243-250&publication_year=1997&author=Fine%2CMJ&author=Auble%2CTE&author=Yealy%2CDM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR68">Flurkey K, Stadecker M, Miller RA (1992) Memory T lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness to non-cognate stimuli: a key factor in age-related immunodeficiency. Eur J Immunol 22:931–935</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR68-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/eji.1830220408" data-track-item_id="10.1002/eji.1830220408" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830220408" aria-label="Article reference 68" data-doi="10.1002/eji.1830220408">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1532363" aria-label="PubMed reference 68">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK38XitlelsLk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 68">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 68" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Memory%20T%20lymphocyte%20hyporesponsiveness%20to%20non-cognate%20stimuli%3A%20a%20key%20factor%20in%20age-related%20immunodeficiency&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=22&pages=931-935&publication_year=1992&author=Flurkey%2CK&author=Stadecker%2CM&author=Miller%2CRA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR69">Ford PM (1986) The immunology of ageing. Clin Rheum Dis 12:1–10</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR69-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3522079" aria-label="PubMed reference 69">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL283ks1ahtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 69">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 69" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20immunology%20of%20ageing&journal=Clin%20Rheum%20Dis&volume=12&pages=1-10&publication_year=1986&author=Ford%2CPM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR70">Franceschi C, Monti D, Cossarizza A, Fagnoni F, Passeri G, Sansoni P (1991) Aging, longevity and cancer. Studies in Down’s syndrome and in centenarians. Ann NY Acad Sci 621:428–440</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR70-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb16997.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb16997.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1991.tb16997.x" aria-label="Article reference 70" data-doi="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb16997.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1830464" aria-label="PubMed reference 70">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3MzhsFSlsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 70">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 70" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Aging%2C%20longevity%20and%20cancer.%20Studies%20in%20Down%E2%80%99s%20syndrome%20and%20in%20centenarians&journal=Ann%20NY%20Acad%20Sci&volume=621&pages=428-440&publication_year=1991&author=Franceschi%2CC&author=Monti%2CD&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Fagnoni%2CF&author=Passeri%2CG&author=Sansoni%2CP"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR71">Franceschi C, Paganelli R, Fagiolo U, Ottaviani E (1994) Cytokines, aging and evolution: the problem of promiscuity. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 7:227–233</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR71-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXjvVKnu7w%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 71">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 71" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytokines%2C%20aging%20and%20evolution%3A%20the%20problem%20of%20promiscuity&journal=Int%20J%20Immunopathol%20Pharmacol&volume=7&pages=227-233&publication_year=1994&author=Franceschi%2CC&author=Paganelli%2CR&author=Fagiolo%2CU&author=Ottaviani%2CE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR72">Franceschi C, Monti D, Sansoni P, Cossarizza A (1995) The immunology of exceptional individuals: the lesson of centenarians. Immunol Today 16:12–16</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR72-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80064-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80064-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0167-5699%2895%2980064-6" aria-label="Article reference 72" data-doi="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80064-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7880382" aria-label="PubMed reference 72">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXjsVyjtro%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 72">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 72" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20immunology%20of%20exceptional%20individuals%3A%20the%20lesson%20of%20centenarians&journal=Immunol%20Today&volume=16&pages=12-16&publication_year=1995&author=Franceschi%2CC&author=Monti%2CD&author=Sansoni%2CP&author=Cossarizza%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR73">Frasca D, Pucci S, Goso C, Barattini P, Barile S, Pioli C, Doria G (1997) Regulation of cytokine production in aging: use of recombinant cytokines to upregulate mitogen-stimulated spleen cells. Mech Ageing Dev 93:157–169</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR73-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01825-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01825-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2896%2901825-8" aria-label="Article reference 73" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01825-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9089580" aria-label="PubMed reference 73">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXitFKhs7s%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 73">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 73" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Regulation%20of%20cytokine%20production%20in%20aging%3A%20use%20of%20recombinant%20cytokines%20to%20upregulate%20mitogen-stimulated%20spleen%20cells&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=93&pages=157-169&publication_year=1997&author=Frasca%2CD&author=Pucci%2CS&author=Goso%2CC&author=Barattini%2CP&author=Barile%2CS&author=Pioli%2CC&author=Doria%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR74">Fulop T, Hauck M, Worum I, Foris G, Leovey A (1987) Alterations of the FMLP-induced Ca<sup>2+</sup> efflux from human monocytes with aging. Immunol Lett 14:283–286</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR74-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0165-2478(87)90005-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0165-2478(87)90005-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0165-2478%2887%2990005-8" aria-label="Article reference 74" data-doi="10.1016/0165-2478(87)90005-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3583321" aria-label="PubMed reference 74">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL2sXitFansLg%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 74">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 74" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Alterations%20of%20the%20FMLP-induced%20Ca2%2B%20efflux%20from%20human%20monocytes%20with%20aging&journal=Immunol%20Lett&volume=14&pages=283-286&publication_year=1987&author=Fulop%2CT&author=Hauck%2CM&author=Worum%2CI&author=Foris%2CG&author=Leovey%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR75">Fulop T Jr, Varga Z, Csongor J, Foris G, Leovey A (1989) Age related impairment in phosphatidylinositol breakdown of polymorphonuclear granulocytes. FEBS Lett 245:249–252</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR75-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0014-5793(89)80231-5" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0014-5793(89)80231-5" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0014-5793%2889%2980231-5" aria-label="Article reference 75" data-doi="10.1016/0014-5793(89)80231-5">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2494076" aria-label="PubMed reference 75">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL1MXhslWlt70%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 75">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 75" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age%20related%20impairment%20in%20phosphatidylinositol%20breakdown%20of%20polymorphonuclear%20granulocytes&journal=FEBS%20Lett&volume=245&pages=249-252&publication_year=1989&author=Fulop%2CT&author=Varga%2CZ&author=Csongor%2CJ&author=Foris%2CG&author=Leovey%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR76">Fulop T Jr, Fouquet C, Allaire P, Perrin N, Lacombe G, Stankova J, Rola-Pleszczynski M, et al (1997) Changes in apoptosis of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes with aging. Mech Ageing Dev 96:15–34</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR76-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01881-7" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01881-7" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2896%2901881-7" aria-label="Article reference 76" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01881-7">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9223108" aria-label="PubMed reference 76">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXksVent7g%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 76">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 76" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Changes%20in%20apoptosis%20of%20human%20polymorphonuclear%20granulocytes%20with%20aging&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=96&pages=15-34&publication_year=1997&author=Fulop%2CTJ&author=Fouquet%2CC&author=Allaire%2CP&author=Perrin%2CN&author=Lacombe%2CG&author=Stankova%2CJ&author=Rola-Pleszczynski%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR77">Gabriel P, Cakman I, Rink L (2002) Overproduction of monokines by leukocytes after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide in the elderly. Exp Gerontol 37:235–247</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR77-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00189-9" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00189-9" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0531-5565%2801%2900189-9" aria-label="Article reference 77" data-doi="10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00189-9">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11772509" aria-label="PubMed reference 77">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD38XitlCk" aria-label="CAS reference 77">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 77" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Overproduction%20of%20monokines%20by%20leukocytes%20after%20stimulation%20with%20lipopolysaccharide%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=37&pages=235-247&publication_year=2002&author=Gabriel%2CP&author=Cakman%2CI&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR78">Gardner ID, Lim ST, Lawton JW (1981) Monocyte function in ageing humans. Mech Ageing Dev 16:233–239</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR78-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(81)90099-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(81)90099-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2881%2990099-3" aria-label="Article reference 78" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(81)90099-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7024661" aria-label="PubMed reference 78">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL38%252Fht1agtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 78">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 78" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Monocyte%20function%20in%20ageing%20humans&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=16&pages=233-239&publication_year=1981&author=Gardner%2CID&author=Lim%2CST&author=Lawton%2CJW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR79">Geiger KD, Klein U, Brauninger A, Berger S, Leder K, Rajewsky K, Hansmann ML, et al (2000) CD5-positive B cells in healthy elderly humans are a polyclonal B cell population. Eur J Immunol 30:2918–2923</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR79-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/1521-4141(200010)30:10<2918::AID-IMMU2918>3.0.CO;2-C" data-track-item_id="10.1002/1521-4141(200010)30:10<2918::AID-IMMU2918>3.0.CO;2-C" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F1521-4141%28200010%2930%3A10%3C2918%3A%3AAID-IMMU2918%3E3.0.CO%3B2-C" aria-label="Article reference 79" data-doi="10.1002/1521-4141(200010)30:10<2918::AID-IMMU2918>3.0.CO;2-C">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11069074" aria-label="PubMed reference 79">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXnslKrs7o%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 79">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 79" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=CD5-positive%20B%20cells%20in%20healthy%20elderly%20humans%20are%20a%20polyclonal%20B%20cell%20population&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=30&pages=2918-2923&publication_year=2000&author=Geiger%2CKD&author=Klein%2CU&author=Brauninger%2CA&author=Berger%2CS&author=Leder%2CK&author=Rajewsky%2CK&author=Hansmann%2CML"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR80">Gemsa D, Kalden JR, Resch K (1997) Immunologie: Grundlagen, Klinik, Praxis. Thieme, Stuttgart</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR80-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 80" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunologie%3A%20Grundlagen%2C%20Klinik%2C%20Praxis&publication_year=1997&author=Gemsa%2CD&author=Kalden%2CJR&author=Resch%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR81">Gillis S, Kozak R, Durante M, Weksler ME (1981) Immunological studies of ageing. Decreased production of and response to T cell growth factor by lymphocytes from aged humans. J Clin Invest 67:937–942</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR81-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1172/JCI110143" data-track-item_id="10.1172/JCI110143" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1172%2FJCI110143" aria-label="Article reference 81" data-doi="10.1172/JCI110143">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6970755" aria-label="PubMed reference 81">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL3MXhslWrs70%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 81">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 81" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunological%20studies%20of%20ageing.%20Decreased%20production%20of%20and%20response%20to%20T%20cell%20growth%20factor%20by%20lymphocytes%20from%20aged%20humans&journal=J%20Clin%20Invest&volume=67&pages=937-942&publication_year=1981&author=Gillis%2CS&author=Kozak%2CR&author=Durante%2CM&author=Weksler%2CME"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR82">Ginaldi L, De Martinis M, D’Ostilio A, Marini L, Loreto MF, Corsi MP, Quaglino D (1999a) The immune system in the elderly I. Specific humoral immunity. Immunologic Research 20:101–108</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR82-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="noopener" data-track-label="10.1007/BF02786466" data-track-item_id="10.1007/BF02786466" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/BF02786466" aria-label="Article reference 82" data-doi="10.1007/BF02786466">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10580635" aria-label="PubMed reference 82">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c%252Fks1KjsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 82">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 82" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20immune%20system%20in%20the%20elderly%20I.%20Specific%20humoral%20immunity&journal=Immunologic%20Research&volume=20&pages=101-108&publication_year=1999&author=Ginaldi%2CL&author=De%20Martinis%2CM&author=DOstilio%2CA&author=Marini%2CL&author=Loreto%2CMF&author=Corsi%2CMP&author=Quaglino%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR83">Ginaldi L, De Martinis M, D’Ostilio A, Marini L, Loreto MF, Martorelli V, Quaglino D (1999b) The immune system in the elderly II. Specific cellular immunity. Immunologic Research 20:109–115</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR83-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="noopener" data-track-label="10.1007/BF02786467" data-track-item_id="10.1007/BF02786467" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/BF02786467" aria-label="Article reference 83" data-doi="10.1007/BF02786467">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10580636" aria-label="PubMed reference 83">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c%252Fks1KjsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 83">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 83" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20immune%20system%20in%20the%20elderly%20II.%20Specific%20cellular%20immunity&journal=Immunologic%20Research&volume=20&pages=109-115&publication_year=1999&author=Ginaldi%2CL&author=De%20Martinis%2CM&author=DOstilio%2CA&author=Marini%2CL&author=Loreto%2CMF&author=Martorelli%2CV&author=Quaglino%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR84">Ginaldi L, De Martinis M, D’Ostilio A, Marini L, Loreto MF, Quaglino D (1999c) The immune system in the elderly: III. Innate immunity. Immunol Res 20:117–126</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR84-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="noopener" data-track-label="10.1007/BF02786468" data-track-item_id="10.1007/BF02786468" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/BF02786468" aria-label="Article reference 84" data-doi="10.1007/BF02786468">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10580637" aria-label="PubMed reference 84">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c%252Fks1Kjtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 84">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 84" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20immune%20system%20in%20the%20elderly%3A%20III.%20Innate%20immunity&journal=Immunol%20Res&volume=20&pages=117-126&publication_year=1999&author=Ginaldi%2CL&author=De%20Martinis%2CM&author=DOstilio%2CA&author=Marini%2CL&author=Loreto%2CMF&author=Quaglino%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR85">Govaert TM, Thijs CT, Masurel N, Sprenger MJ, Dînant GJ, Knottnerus JA (1994) The efficacy of influenza vaccination in elderly individuals. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. JAMA 272:1661–1665</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR85-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1001/jama.1994.03520210045030" data-track-item_id="10.1001/jama.1994.03520210045030" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.1994.03520210045030" aria-label="Article reference 85" data-doi="10.1001/jama.1994.03520210045030">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7966893" aria-label="PubMed reference 85">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2M%252Fls1elsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 85">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 85" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20efficacy%20of%20influenza%20vaccination%20in%20elderly%20individuals.%20A%20randomized%20double-blind%20placebo-controlled%20trial&journal=JAMA&volume=272&pages=1661-1665&publication_year=1994&author=Govaert%2CTM&author=Thijs%2CCT&author=Masurel%2CN&author=Sprenger%2CMJ&author=D%C3%AEnant%2CGJ&author=Knottnerus%2CJA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR86">Grabstein KH, Maliszewski CR, Shanebeck K, Sato TA, Spriggs MK, Fanslow WC, Armitage RJ (1993) The regulation of T cell-dependent antibody formation in vitro by CD40 ligand and IL2. J Immunol 150:3141–3147</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR86-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7682232" aria-label="PubMed reference 86">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3sXktVKrt78%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 86">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 86" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20regulation%20of%20T%20cell-dependent%20antibody%20formation%20in%20vitro%20by%20CD40%20ligand%20and%20IL2&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=150&pages=3141-3147&publication_year=1993&author=Grabstein%2CKH&author=Maliszewski%2CCR&author=Shanebeck%2CK&author=Sato%2CTA&author=Spriggs%2CMK&author=Fanslow%2CWC&author=Armitage%2CRJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR87">Greef de GE, Van Tol MJ, Van den Berg JW, Van Staalduinen GJ, Janssen CJ, Radl J, Hijmans W (1992) Serum immunoglobulin class and IgG subclass levels and the occurrence of homogeneous immunoglobulins during the course of aging in humans. Mech Ageing Dev 66:29–44</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR87-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90071-K" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90071-K" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2892%2990071-K" aria-label="Article reference 87" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90071-K">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 87" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Serum%20immunoglobulin%20class%20and%20IgG%20subclass%20levels%20and%20the%20occurrence%20of%20homogeneous%20immunoglobulins%20during%20the%20course%20of%20aging%20in%20humans&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=66&pages=29-44&publication_year=1992&author=Greef%20de%2CGE&author=Van%20Tol%2CMJ&author=Berg%2CJW&author=Van%20Staalduinen%2CGJ&author=Janssen%2CCJ&author=Radl%2CJ&author=Hijmans%2CW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR88">Gupta S (1989) Membrane signal transduction in T cells in aging humans. Ann NY Acad Sci 5682:77–82</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR88-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 88" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Membrane%20signal%20transduction%20in%20T%20cells%20in%20aging%20humans&journal=Ann%20NY%20Acad%20Sci&volume=5682&pages=77-82&publication_year=1989&author=Gupta%2CS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR89">Harm K (1997) Referenzbereiche in der Geriatrie: Eine Übersicht zur Altersabhängigkeit ausgewählter Blutkomponenten. Z Gerontol Geriat 30:185–192</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR89-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2szpsV2jsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 89">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 89" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Referenzbereiche%20in%20der%20Geriatrie%3A%20Eine%20%C3%9Cbersicht%20zur%20Altersabh%C3%A4ngigkeit%20ausgew%C3%A4hlter%20Blutkomponenten&journal=Z%20Gerontol%20Geriat&volume=30&pages=185-192&publication_year=1997&author=Harm%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR90">Henig C, Rink L, Kirchner H (2000) Evidence for presence of IgG4 anti-immunoglobulin autoantibodies in all humans. Lancet 355:1617–1618</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR90-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02223-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02223-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2800%2902223-6" aria-label="Article reference 90" data-doi="10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02223-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 90" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Evidence%20for%20presence%20of%20IgG4%20anti-immunoglobulin%20autoantibodies%20in%20all%20humans&journal=Lancet&volume=355&pages=1617-1618&publication_year=2000&author=Henig%2CC&author=Rink%2CL&author=Kirchner%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR91">Hirokawa K (1992) Understanding the mechanism of age-related decline in immune function. Nutr Rev 50:361–366</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR91-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1753-4887.1992.tb02481.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1753-4887.1992.tb02481.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1753-4887.1992.tb02481.x" aria-label="Article reference 91" data-doi="10.1111/j.1753-4887.1992.tb02481.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1488168" aria-label="PubMed reference 91">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s7ktFSkug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 91">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 91" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Understanding%20the%20mechanism%20of%20age-related%20decline%20in%20immune%20function&journal=Nutr%20Rev&volume=50&pages=361-366&publication_year=1992&author=Hirokawa%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR92">Hirokawa K, Utsuyama M, Kasei M, Jurachima C, Ishijima S, Zeng YX (1994) Understanding the mechanism of the age-related change of thymic function to promote T cell differentiation. Immunol Lett 40:269–277</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR92-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0165-2478(94)00065-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0165-2478(94)00065-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0165-2478%2894%2900065-4" aria-label="Article reference 92" data-doi="10.1016/0165-2478(94)00065-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7959895" aria-label="PubMed reference 92">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXmt1yjsbg%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 92">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 92" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Understanding%20the%20mechanism%20of%20the%20age-related%20change%20of%20thymic%20function%20to%20promote%20T%20cell%20differentiation&journal=Immunol%20Lett&volume=40&pages=269-277&publication_year=1994&author=Hirokawa%2CK&author=Utsuyama%2CM&author=Kasei%2CM&author=Jurachima%2CC&author=Ishijima%2CS&author=Zeng%2CYX"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR93">Horan MA, Gulati RS, Fox RA (1985) Assessment of neutrophil function in the elderly using antibody coated polyacrylamide gel (immunobeads) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NTB) reduction as a combined test. Mech Aging Dev 29:29–33</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR93-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(85)90044-2" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(85)90044-2" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2885%2990044-2" aria-label="Article reference 93" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(85)90044-2">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3872388" aria-label="PubMed reference 93">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2M7mt1alsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 93">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 93" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Assessment%20of%20neutrophil%20function%20in%20the%20elderly%20using%20antibody%20coated%20polyacrylamide%20gel%20%28immunobeads%29%20and%20nitroblue%20tetrazolium%20%28NTB%29%20reduction%20as%20a%20combined%20test&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=29&pages=29-33&publication_year=1985&author=Horan%2CMA&author=Gulati%2CRS&author=Fox%2CRA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR94">Hornberg M, Arolt V, Wilke I, Kruse A, Kirchner H (1995) Production of interferons and lymphokines in leukocyte cultures of patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 15:237–242</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR94-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0920-9964(94)00046-B" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0920-9964(94)00046-B" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0920-9964%2894%2900046-B" aria-label="Article reference 94" data-doi="10.1016/0920-9964(94)00046-B">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7543276" aria-label="PubMed reference 94">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2MzlvFSktg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 94">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 94" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Production%20of%20interferons%20and%20lymphokines%20in%20leukocyte%20cultures%20of%20patients%20with%20schizophrenia&journal=Schizophr%20Res&volume=15&pages=237-242&publication_year=1995&author=Hornberg%2CM&author=Arolt%2CV&author=Wilke%2CI&author=Kruse%2CA&author=Kirchner%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR95">Huang YP, Pechere J-C, Michel M, Cauthey L, Loreto M, Curran JA, Michel J-P (1992) In vivo T cell activation, in vitro defective IL-2 secretion, and response to influenza vaccination in elderly woman. J Immunol 148:715–722</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR95-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1730868" aria-label="PubMed reference 95">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK38XhslWqtLo%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 95">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 95" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=In%20vivo%20T%20cell%20activation%2C%20in%20vitro%20defective%20IL-2%20secretion%2C%20and%20response%20to%20influenza%20vaccination%20in%20elderly%20woman&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=148&pages=715-722&publication_year=1992&author=Huang%2CYP&author=Pechere%2CJ-C&author=Michel%2CM&author=Cauthey%2CL&author=Loreto%2CM&author=Curran%2CJA&author=Michel%2CJ-P"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR96">Huber LA, Xu OB, Jurgens G, Bock G, Buhler E, Gey KF, Schonitzer D, et al (1991) Correlation of lymphocyte lipid composition membrane microviscosity and mitogen response in the aged. Eur J Immunol 21:2761–2765</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR96-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/eji.1830211117" data-track-item_id="10.1002/eji.1830211117" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830211117" aria-label="Article reference 96" data-doi="10.1002/eji.1830211117">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1936121" aria-label="PubMed reference 96">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK38XjvFKjuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 96">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 96" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Correlation%20of%20lymphocyte%20lipid%20composition%20membrane%20microviscosity%20and%20mitogen%20response%20in%20the%20aged&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=21&pages=2761-2765&publication_year=1991&author=Huber%2CLA&author=Xu%2COB&author=Jurgens%2CG&author=Bock%2CG&author=Buhler%2CE&author=Gey%2CKF&author=Schonitzer%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR97">Ibs KH, Rink L (2001) Das Immunsystem im Alter. Z Gerontol Geriat 34:480–485</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR97-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="noopener" data-track-label="10.1007/s003910170023" data-track-item_id="10.1007/s003910170023" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/s003910170023" aria-label="Article reference 97" data-doi="10.1007/s003910170023">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD38%252FpvVOjug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 97">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 97" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Das%20Immunsystem%20im%20Alter&journal=Z%20Gerontol%20Geriat&volume=34&pages=480-485&publication_year=2001&author=Ibs%2CKH&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR98">Jackola DR, Ruger JK, Miller RA (1994) Age-associated changes in human T cell phenotype and function. Aging Clin Exp Res 6:25–34</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR98-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2czhvVKrtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 98">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 98" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-associated%20changes%20in%20human%20T%20cell%20phenotype%20and%20function&journal=Aging%20Clin%20Exp%20Res&volume=6&pages=25-34&publication_year=1994&author=Jackola%2CDR&author=Ruger%2CJK&author=Miller%2CRA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR99">James K (1990) Interactions between cytokines and alpha-2-macroglobulin. Immunology Today 11:163–166</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR99-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0167-5699(90)90067-J" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0167-5699(90)90067-J" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0167-5699%2890%2990067-J" aria-label="Article reference 99" data-doi="10.1016/0167-5699(90)90067-J">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1692465" aria-label="PubMed reference 99">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3cXksFKrtbs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 99">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 99" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Interactions%20between%20cytokines%20and%20alpha-2-macroglobulin&journal=Immunology%20Today&volume=11&pages=163-166&publication_year=1990&author=James%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR100">Janeway CA, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik M (2001) Immunobiology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR100-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S1246-7820(01)00160-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S1246-7820(01)00160-4" data-track-action="Book reference" data-track-value="Book reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1246-7820%2801%2900160-4" aria-label="Book reference 100" data-doi="10.1016/S1246-7820(01)00160-4">Book</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 100" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunobiology&publication_year=2001&author=Janeway%2CCA&author=Travers%2CP&author=Walport%2CM&author=Shlomchik%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR101">Katschinski DM, Neustock P, Klüter H, Kirchner H (1994) Influence of various factors on interferon-<i>a</i> production of human leukocytes. J Interferon Res 14:105–110</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR101-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1089/jir.1994.14.105" data-track-item_id="10.1089/jir.1994.14.105" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fjir.1994.14.105" aria-label="Article reference 101" data-doi="10.1089/jir.1994.14.105">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7930756" aria-label="PubMed reference 101">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2M%252Fhs1Sltw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 101">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 101" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Influence%20of%20various%20factors%20on%20interferon-a%20production%20of%20human%20leukocytes&journal=J%20Interferon%20Res&volume=14&pages=105-110&publication_year=1994&author=Katschinski%2CDM&author=Neustock%2CP&author=Kl%C3%BCter%2CH&author=Kirchner%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR102">Kay MMB, Makinodan T (1981) Relationship between ageing and the immune system. Prog Allergy 29:134–181</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR102-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7036179" aria-label="PubMed reference 102">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL387islGjsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 102">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 102" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Relationship%20between%20ageing%20and%20the%20immune%20system&journal=Prog%20Allergy&volume=29&pages=134-181&publication_year=1981&author=Kay%2CMMB&author=Makinodan%2CT"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR103">Kirchner, H, Kruse A, Neustock P, Rink L (1993) Cytokine und Interferone — Botenstoffe des Immunsystems. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR103-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 103" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytokine%20und%20Interferone%20%E2%80%94%20Botenstoffe%20des%20Immunsystems&publication_year=1993&author=Kirchner%2CH&author=Kruse%2CA&author=Neustock%2CP&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR104">Kirkwood TBL, Franceschi C (1992) Is ageing as complex as it would appear? New perspectives in gerontological research. Ann NY Acad Sci 663:412–417</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR104-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38685.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38685.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1992.tb38685.x" aria-label="Article reference 104" data-doi="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38685.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1482071" aria-label="PubMed reference 104">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s7ivVOrsg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 104">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 104" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Is%20ageing%20as%20complex%20as%20it%20would%20appear%3F%20New%20perspectives%20in%20gerontological%20research&journal=Ann%20NY%20Acad%20Sci&volume=663&pages=412-417&publication_year=1992&author=Kirkwood%2CTBL&author=Franceschi%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR105">Kita M, Shiozawa S, Yamaji M, Kitoh I, Kishida T (1991) Production of human <i>a</i>-and <i>y</i>-interferon is dependent on age and sex and is decreased in rheumatoid arthritis: a simple method for large-scale assay. J Clin Lab Anal 5:238–241</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR105-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/jcla.1860050403" data-track-item_id="10.1002/jcla.1860050403" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fjcla.1860050403" aria-label="Article reference 105" data-doi="10.1002/jcla.1860050403">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1653827" aria-label="PubMed reference 105">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3Mzms1Crsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 105">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 105" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Production%20of%20human%20a-and%20y-interferon%20is%20dependent%20on%20age%20and%20sex%20and%20is%20decreased%20in%20rheumatoid%20arthritis%3A%20a%20simple%20method%20for%20large-scale%20assay&journal=J%20Clin%20Lab%20Anal&volume=5&pages=238-241&publication_year=1991&author=Kita%2CM&author=Shiozawa%2CS&author=Yamaji%2CM&author=Kitoh%2CI&author=Kishida%2CT"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR106">Klinman NR, Kline GH (1997) The B-cell biology of aging. Immunol Rev 160:103–114</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR106-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01031.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01031.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01031.x" aria-label="Article reference 106" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01031.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476669" aria-label="PubMed reference 106">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlvVSmug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 106">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 106" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20B-cell%20biology%20of%20aging&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=103-114&publication_year=1997&author=Klinman%2CNR&author=Kline%2CGH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR107">Kondo A, Oketani N, Kuwabara K, Maruyama Y, Miyao H, Saito Y, Maruyama M, et al (2002) An outbreak of pulmonary tuberculosis probably due to exogenous reinfection at a nursing home for the elderly. Kekkaku 77:401–408</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR107-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=12073617" aria-label="PubMed reference 107">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 107" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=An%20outbreak%20of%20pulmonary%20tuberculosis%20probably%20due%20to%20exogenous%20reinfection%20at%20a%20nursing%20home%20for%20the%20elderly&journal=Kekkaku&volume=77&pages=401-408&publication_year=2002&author=Kondo%2CA&author=Oketani%2CN&author=Kuwabara%2CK&author=Maruyama%2CY&author=Miyao%2CH&author=Saito%2CY&author=Maruyama%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR108">Krishnaraj R (1997) Senescence and cytokines modulate the NK cell expression. Mech Aging Dev 96:89–101</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR108-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00045-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00045-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2897%2900045-6" aria-label="Article reference 108" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00045-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9223113" aria-label="PubMed reference 108">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXksVenur0%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 108">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 108" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Senescence%20and%20cytokines%20modulate%20the%20NK%20cell%20expression&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=96&pages=89-101&publication_year=1997&author=Krishnaraj%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR109">Kudlacek S, Jahandideh-Kazempour S, Graninger W, Willvonseder R, Pietschmann P (1995) Differential expression of various T cell surface markers in young and elderly subjects. Immunobiology 192:198–204</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR109-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0171-2985(11)80097-5" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0171-2985(11)80097-5" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0171-2985%2811%2980097-5" aria-label="Article reference 109" data-doi="10.1016/S0171-2985(11)80097-5">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7540161" aria-label="PubMed reference 109">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXkvF2msr0%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 109">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 109" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Differential%20expression%20of%20various%20T%20cell%20surface%20markers%20in%20young%20and%20elderly%20subjects&journal=Immunobiology&volume=192&pages=198-204&publication_year=1995&author=Kudlacek%2CS&author=Jahandideh-Kazempour%2CS&author=Graninger%2CW&author=Willvonseder%2CR&author=Pietschmann%2CP"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR110">Kukel S, Reinhold U, Oltermann I, Kreysel HW (1994) Progressive increase of CD7-T cells in human blood lymphocytes with ageing. Clin Exp Immunol 98:163–168</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR110-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06624.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06624.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2249.1994.tb06624.x" aria-label="Article reference 110" data-doi="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06624.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7523007" aria-label="PubMed reference 110">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2M%252FgvVegtA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 110">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 110" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Progressive%20increase%20of%20CD7-T%20cells%20in%20human%20blood%20lymphocytes%20with%20ageing&journal=Clin%20Exp%20Immunol&volume=98&pages=163-168&publication_year=1994&author=Kukel%2CS&author=Reinhold%2CU&author=Oltermann%2CI&author=Kreysel%2CHW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR111">Kutza J, Murasko DM (1994) Effects of aging on natural killer cell activity and activation by interleukin-2 and IFN-<i>a</i>. Cell Immunol 155:195–204</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR111-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1006/cimm.1994.1112" data-track-item_id="10.1006/cimm.1994.1112" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fcimm.1994.1112" aria-label="Article reference 111" data-doi="10.1006/cimm.1994.1112">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7513259" aria-label="PubMed reference 111">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXis1yitL8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 111">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 111" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Effects%20of%20aging%20on%20natural%20killer%20cell%20activity%20and%20activation%20by%20interleukin-2%20and%20IFN-a&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=155&pages=195-204&publication_year=1994&author=Kutza%2CJ&author=Murasko%2CDM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR112">Lee DY, Prasad AS, Hydrick-Adair C, Brewer G, Johnson PE (1993) Homeostasis of zinc in marginal human zinc deficiency: role of absorption and endogenous excretion of zinc. J Lab Clin Med 122:549–556</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR112-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8228573" aria-label="PubMed reference 112">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2c%252FksFWrsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 112">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 112" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Homeostasis%20of%20zinc%20in%20marginal%20human%20zinc%20deficiency%3A%20role%20of%20absorption%20and%20endogenous%20excretion%20of%20zinc&journal=J%20Lab%20Clin%20Med&volume=122&pages=549-556&publication_year=1993&author=Lee%2CDY&author=Prasad%2CAS&author=Hydrick-Adair%2CC&author=Brewer%2CG&author=Johnson%2CPE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR113">Leech SH (1980) Cellular immunosenescence. Gerontology 26:330–345</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR113-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000212437" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000212437" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000212437" aria-label="Article reference 113" data-doi="10.1159/000212437">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6969682" aria-label="PubMed reference 113">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL3M%252FptF2jsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 113">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 113" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cellular%20immunosenescence&journal=Gerontology&volume=26&pages=330-345&publication_year=1980&author=Leech%2CSH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR114">Lehtonen L, Eskola J, Vainio O, Lehtonen A (1990) Changes in lymphocyte subsets and immune competence in very advanced age. J Gerontol Med 45:108–112</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR114-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/geronj/45.3.M108" data-track-item_id="10.1093/geronj/45.3.M108" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgeronj%2F45.3.M108" aria-label="Article reference 114" data-doi="10.1093/geronj/45.3.M108">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 114" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Changes%20in%20lymphocyte%20subsets%20and%20immune%20competence%20in%20very%20advanced%20age&journal=J%20Gerontol%20Med&volume=45&pages=108-112&publication_year=1990&author=Lehtonen%2CL&author=Eskola%2CJ&author=Vainio%2CO&author=Lehtonen%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR115">Le-Morvan C, Cogne M, Troutaud D, Charmes JP, Sauvage P, Drouet M (1998) Modification of HLA expression on peripheral lymphocytes and monocytes during aging. Mech Ageing Dev 105:209–220</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR115-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00096-7" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00096-7" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2898%2900096-7" aria-label="Article reference 115" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00096-7">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9862231" aria-label="PubMed reference 115">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXmvFWktrs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 115">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 115" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Modification%20of%20HLA%20expression%20on%20peripheral%20lymphocytes%20and%20monocytes%20during%20aging&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=105&pages=209-220&publication_year=1998&author=Le-Morvan%2CC&author=Cogne%2CM&author=Troutaud%2CD&author=Charmes%2CJP&author=Sauvage%2CP&author=Drouet%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR116">Lesourd, B, Mazari L (1999) Nutrition and immunity in the elderly. Proc Nutr Soc 58:685–695</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR116-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1017/S0029665199000907" data-track-item_id="10.1017/S0029665199000907" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0029665199000907" aria-label="Article reference 116" data-doi="10.1017/S0029665199000907">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10604204" aria-label="PubMed reference 116">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c%252FntFyksw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 116">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 116" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Nutrition%20and%20immunity%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Proc%20Nutr%20Soc&volume=58&pages=685-695&publication_year=1999&author=Lesourd%2C&author=B%2C&author=Mazari%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR117">Lesourd, B, Mazari L, Ferry M (1998) The role of nutrition in immunity in the aged. Nutr Rev 56:113–125</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR117-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01628.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01628.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1753-4887.1998.tb01628.x" aria-label="Article reference 117" data-doi="10.1111/j.1753-4887.1998.tb01628.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 117" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20role%20of%20nutrition%20in%20immunity%20in%20the%20aged&journal=Nutr%20Rev&volume=56&pages=113-125&publication_year=1998&author=Lesourd%2C&author=B%2C&author=Mazari%2CL&author=Ferry%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR118">Levy SM, Herberman RB, Lee J, Whiteside T, Beadle M, Heiden L, Simons A (1991) Persistently low natural killer cell activity, age, and environmental stress as predictors of infectious morbidity. Nat Immunol Cell Growth Regul 10:289–307</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR118-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK387lsl2rug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 118">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 118" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Persistently%20low%20natural%20killer%20cell%20activity%2C%20age%2C%20and%20environmental%20stress%20as%20predictors%20of%20infectious%20morbidity&journal=Nat%20Immunol%20Cell%20Growth%20Regul&volume=10&pages=289-307&publication_year=1991&author=Levy%2CSM&author=Herberman%2CRB&author=Lee%2CJ&author=Whiteside%2CT&author=Beadle%2CM&author=Heiden%2CL&author=Simons%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR119">Li SP, Velma S, Miller RA (1995) Age-related defects in T cell expression of CD40 ligand and induction of in vitro B cell activation. Aging Immunol Infect Dis 6:79–93</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR119-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXisVShs7k%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 119">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 119" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20defects%20in%20T%20cell%20expression%20of%20CD40%20ligand%20and%20induction%20of%20in%20vitro%20B%20cell%20activation&journal=Aging%20Immunol%20Infect%20Dis&volume=6&pages=79-93&publication_year=1995&author=Li%2CSP&author=Velma%2CS&author=Miller%2CRA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR120">Licastro F, Morini MC, Chiricolo M, Belletti D, Malpassi P, Parente R, Carpenè E, et al (1992) Functional assessment of cellular non-specific and specific immunity in selected healthy elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 3:219–228</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR120-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0167-4943(05)80021-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0167-4943(05)80021-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0167-4943%2805%2980021-4" aria-label="Article reference 120" data-doi="10.1016/S0167-4943(05)80021-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3sXnvFeisw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 120">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 120" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Functional%20assessment%20of%20cellular%20non-specific%20and%20specific%20immunity%20in%20selected%20healthy%20elderly&journal=Arch%20Gerontol%20Geriatr&volume=3&pages=219-228&publication_year=1992&author=Licastro%2CF&author=Morini%2CMC&author=Chiricolo%2CM&author=Belletti%2CD&author=Malpassi%2CP&author=Parente%2CR&author=Carpen%C3%A8%2CE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR121">Ligthart GJ, Corbereand JX, Fournier C, Garanaud P, Hijmans W, Kennes B, Muller-Hermelink HK, et al (1984) Admission criteria for immunogerontological studies in man: the Senieur protocol. Mech Ageing Dev 28:47–55</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR121-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(84)90152-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(84)90152-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2884%2990152-0" aria-label="Article reference 121" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(84)90152-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6513613" aria-label="PubMed reference 121">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2M%252FosV2jsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 121">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 121" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Admission%20criteria%20for%20immunogerontological%20studies%20in%20man%3A%20the%20Senieur%20protocol&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=28&pages=47-55&publication_year=1984&author=Ligthart%2CGJ&author=Corbereand%2CJX&author=Fournier%2CC&author=Garanaud%2CP&author=Hijmans%2CW&author=Kennes%2CB&author=Muller-Hermelink%2CHK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR122">Ligthart GJ, van Vlokhoven PC, Schuit HR, Hijmans W (1986) The expanded null cell compartment in ageing: increase in the number of natural killer cells and changes in T-cell and NK-cell subsets in human blood. Immunology 59:353–357</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR122-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2947844" aria-label="PubMed reference 122">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2s%252Fot1SmtQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 122">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 122" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20expanded%20null%20cell%20compartment%20in%20ageing%3A%20increase%20in%20the%20number%20of%20natural%20killer%20cells%20and%20changes%20in%20T-cell%20and%20NK-cell%20subsets%20in%20human%20blood&journal=Immunology&volume=59&pages=353-357&publication_year=1986&author=Ligthart%2CGJ&author=van%20Vlokhoven%2CPC&author=Schuit%2CHR&author=Hijmans%2CW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR123">Ligthart GJ, Schuit HRE, Hijmans W (1989) Natural killer function is not diminished in the healthy aged and is proportional to the number of NK cells in the peripheral blood. Immunology 68:396–402</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR123-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2592014" aria-label="PubMed reference 123">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3c%252FnslGiug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 123">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 123" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Natural%20killer%20function%20is%20not%20diminished%20in%20the%20healthy%20aged%20and%20is%20proportional%20to%20the%20number%20of%20NK%20cells%20in%20the%20peripheral%20blood&journal=Immunology&volume=68&pages=396-402&publication_year=1989&author=Ligthart%2CGJ&author=Schuit%2CHRE&author=Hijmans%2CW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR124">Ligthart GJ, Radl J, Corberand JX, Van Nieuwkoop JE, Van Staalduinen GJ, Van Helmond DJW, Hijmans W (1990a) Monoclonal gammopathies in human aging: increased occurrence with age and correlation with healthy status. Mech Ageing Dev 52:235–243</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR124-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(90)90127-2" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(90)90127-2" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2890%2990127-2" aria-label="Article reference 124" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(90)90127-2">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2325434" aria-label="PubMed reference 124">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3c3hvF2luw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 124">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 124" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Monoclonal%20gammopathies%20in%20human%20aging%3A%20increased%20occurrence%20with%20age%20and%20correlation%20with%20healthy%20status&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=52&pages=235-243&publication_year=1990&author=Ligthart%2CGJ&author=Radl%2CJ&author=Corberand%2CJX&author=Van%20Nieuwkoop%2CJE&author=Van%20Staalduinen%2CGJ&author=Van%20Helmond%2CDJW&author=Hijmans%2CW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR125">Ligthart GJ, Corberand JX, Geertzen HGM, Meinders AE, Knook DL, Hijmans W (1990b) Necessity of the assessment of health status in human immunogerontological studies: evaluation of the SENIEUR protocol. Mech Ageing Dev 55:89–105</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR125-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(90)90108-R" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(90)90108-R" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2890%2990108-R" aria-label="Article reference 125" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(90)90108-R">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2205767" aria-label="PubMed reference 125">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3czosVaisw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 125">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 125" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Necessity%20of%20the%20assessment%20of%20health%20status%20in%20human%20immunogerontological%20studies%3A%20evaluation%20of%20the%20SENIEUR%20protocol&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=55&pages=89-105&publication_year=1990&author=Ligthart%2CGJ&author=Corberand%2CJX&author=Geertzen%2CHGM&author=Meinders%2CAE&author=Knook%2CDL&author=Hijmans%2CW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR126">Linton PJ, Haynes L, Klinman NR, Swain S (1996) Antigenindependent changes in naive CD4 T cells with aging. J Exp Med 184:1891–1900</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR126-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1084/jem.184.5.1891" data-track-item_id="10.1084/jem.184.5.1891" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.184.5.1891" aria-label="Article reference 126" data-doi="10.1084/jem.184.5.1891">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8920876" aria-label="PubMed reference 126">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XmvFaisb8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 126">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 126" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Antigenindependent%20changes%20in%20naive%20CD4%20T%20cells%20with%20aging&journal=J%20Exp%20Med&volume=184&pages=1891-1900&publication_year=1996&author=Linton%2CPJ&author=Haynes%2CL&author=Klinman%2CNR&author=Swain%2CS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR127">Linton PJ, Haynes L, Tsui L, Zhang X, Swain S (1997) From naive to effector — alterations with aging. Immunol Rev 160:9–18</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR127-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01023.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01023.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01023.x" aria-label="Article reference 127" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01023.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476661" aria-label="PubMed reference 127">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlvVSmsg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 127">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 127" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=From%20naive%20to%20effector%20%E2%80%94%20alterations%20with%20aging&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=9-18&publication_year=1997&author=Linton%2CPJ&author=Haynes%2CL&author=Tsui%2CL&author=Zhang%2CX&author=Swain%2CS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR128">Lipschitz DA, Udupa KB, Indelicato SR, Das M (1991) Effect of age on second messenger generation in neutrophils. Blood 78:1347–1354</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR128-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1652310" aria-label="PubMed reference 128">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3MXmsFCjtbs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 128">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 128" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Effect%20of%20age%20on%20second%20messenger%20generation%20in%20neutrophils&journal=Blood&volume=78&pages=1347-1354&publication_year=1991&author=Lipschitz%2CDA&author=Udupa%2CKB&author=Indelicato%2CSR&author=Das%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR129">Liu B, Carle KW, Whisler RL (1997) Reductions in the activation of ERK and JNK are associated with decreased IL-2 production in T cells from elderly humans stimulated by the TCR/CD3 complex and costimulatory signals. Cell Immunol 182:79–88</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR129-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1006/cimm.1997.1226" data-track-item_id="10.1006/cimm.1997.1226" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fcimm.1997.1226" aria-label="Article reference 129" data-doi="10.1006/cimm.1997.1226">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9514699" aria-label="PubMed reference 129">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK1c7ovFaltg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 129">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 129" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Reductions%20in%20the%20activation%20of%20ERK%20and%20JNK%20are%20associated%20with%20decreased%20IL-2%20production%20in%20T%20cells%20from%20elderly%20humans%20stimulated%20by%20the%20TCR%2FCD3%20complex%20and%20costimulatory%20signals&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=182&pages=79-88&publication_year=1997&author=Liu%2CB&author=Carle%2CKW&author=Whisler%2CRL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR130">Liu JJ, Segre M, Segre D (1982) Changes in suppressor, helper, and B-cell function in aging mice. Cell Immunol 66:372–340</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR130-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0008-8749(82)90187-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0008-8749(82)90187-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0008-8749%2882%2990187-3" aria-label="Article reference 130" data-doi="10.1016/0008-8749(82)90187-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6461422" aria-label="PubMed reference 130">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL387mt1Omtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 130">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 130" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Changes%20in%20suppressor%2C%20helper%2C%20and%20B-cell%20function%20in%20aging%20mice&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=66&pages=372-340&publication_year=1982&author=Liu%2CJJ&author=Segre%2CM&author=Segre%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR131">Liu JJ, Wang S, Liu H, Yang L, Nan G (1997) The monitoring biomarker for immune function of lymphocytes in the elderly. Mech Ageing Dev 94:177–182</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR131-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01846-5" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01846-5" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2896%2901846-5" aria-label="Article reference 131" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01846-5">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9147369" aria-label="PubMed reference 131">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXjsVClt7s%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 131">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 131" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20monitoring%20biomarker%20for%20immune%20function%20of%20lymphocytes%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=94&pages=177-182&publication_year=1997&author=Liu%2CJJ&author=Wang%2CS&author=Liu%2CH&author=Yang%2CL&author=Nan%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR132">Loddenkemper R, Hauer B, Sagepiel D, Gartzke A, Forßbohm M (2001) Die Tuberkulosesituation in Deutschland 1999. Pneumologie 55:347–356</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR132-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1055/s-2001-15614" data-track-item_id="10.1055/s-2001-15614" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1055%2Fs-2001-15614" aria-label="Article reference 132" data-doi="10.1055/s-2001-15614">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11481583" aria-label="PubMed reference 132">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3MvltFaqtA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 132">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 132" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Die%20Tuberkulosesituation%20in%20Deutschland%201999&journal=Pneumologie&volume=55&pages=347-356&publication_year=2001&author=Loddenkemper%2CR&author=Hauer%2CB&author=Sagepiel%2CD&author=Gartzke%2CA&author=For%C3%9Fbohm%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR133">Lord JM, Butcher S, Killampali V, Lascelles D, Salmon M (2001) Neutrophil ageing and immunosenescence. Mech Ageing Dev 122:1521–1535</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR133-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00285-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00285-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2801%2900285-8" aria-label="Article reference 133" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(01)00285-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11511394" aria-label="PubMed reference 133">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXlvFWltrc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 133">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 133" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Neutrophil%20ageing%20and%20immunosenescence&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=122&pages=1521-1535&publication_year=2001&author=Lord%2CJM&author=Butcher%2CS&author=Killampali%2CV&author=Lascelles%2CD&author=Salmon%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR134">Louria DB, Sen P, Sherer CB, Farrer WE (1993) Infections in older patients: a systematic clinical approach. Geriatrics 48:28–34</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR134-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8419267" aria-label="PubMed reference 134">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s7it1Gkuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 134">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 134" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Infections%20in%20older%20patients%3A%20a%20systematic%20clinical%20approach&journal=Geriatrics&volume=48&pages=28-34&publication_year=1993&author=Louria%2CDB&author=Sen%2CP&author=Sherer%2CCB&author=Farrer%2CWE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR135">MacGregor RR, Shalit M (1990) Neutrophil function in healthy elderly subjects. J Gerontol 45:M55-60</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR135-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 135" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Neutrophil%20function%20in%20healthy%20elderly%20subjects&journal=J%20Gerontol&volume=45&pages=M55-60&publication_year=1990&author=MacGregor%2CRR&author=Shalit%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR136">Mackall CL, Gress RE (1997) Thymic aging and T cell regeneration. Immunol Rev 160:91–102</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR136-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01030.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01030.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01030.x" aria-label="Article reference 136" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01030.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476668" aria-label="PubMed reference 136">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlvVSmtQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 136">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 136" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Thymic%20aging%20and%20T%20cell%20regeneration&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=91-102&publication_year=1997&author=Mackall%2CCL&author=Gress%2CRE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR137">Makinodan T, Kay MMB (1980) Age influence on the immune system. Adv Immunol 29:287–330</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR137-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60047-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60047-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0065-2776%2808%2960047-4" aria-label="Article reference 137" data-doi="10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60047-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6998260" aria-label="PubMed reference 137">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL3M%252FhvVKrsg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 137">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 137" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age%20influence%20on%20the%20immune%20system&journal=Adv%20Immunol&volume=29&pages=287-330&publication_year=1980&author=Makinodan%2CT&author=Kay%2CMMB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR138">Mariani E, Monaco MC, Cattini L, Sinoppi M, Facchini A (1994) Distribution and lytic activity of NK cell subsets in the elderly. Mech Ageing Dev 76:177–187</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR138-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(94)91592-X" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(94)91592-X" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2894%2991592-X" aria-label="Article reference 138" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(94)91592-X">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7885064" aria-label="PubMed reference 138">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2M7ptFajug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 138">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 138" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Distribution%20and%20lytic%20activity%20of%20NK%20cell%20subsets%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=76&pages=177-187&publication_year=1994&author=Mariani%2CE&author=Monaco%2CMC&author=Cattini%2CL&author=Sinoppi%2CM&author=Facchini%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR139">Mariotti S, Franceschi C, Cossarizza A, Pinchera A (1995) The aging thyroid. Endocr Rev 16:686–715</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR139-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8747831" aria-label="PubMed reference 139">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XhtVSnsLc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 139">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 139" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20aging%20thyroid&journal=Endocr%20Rev&volume=16&pages=686-715&publication_year=1995&author=Mariotti%2CS&author=Franceschi%2CC&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Pinchera%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR140">Mariotti S, Sansoni P, Barbesino G, Caturegli P, Monti D, Cossarizza A, et al (1992) Thyroid and other organspecific autoantibodies in healthy centenarians. Lancet 339:1506–1508</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR140-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0140-6736(92)91265-A" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0140-6736(92)91265-A" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0140-6736%2892%2991265-A" aria-label="Article reference 140" data-doi="10.1016/0140-6736(92)91265-A">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1351187" aria-label="PubMed reference 140">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK383pt1yhtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 140">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 140" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Thyroid%20and%20other%20organspecific%20autoantibodies%20in%20healthy%20centenarians&journal=Lancet&volume=339&pages=1506-1508&publication_year=1992&author=Mariotti%2CS&author=Sansoni%2CP&author=Barbesino%2CG&author=Caturegli%2CP&author=Monti%2CD&author=Cossarizza%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR141">Mbawuike I, Acuna CL, Walz KC, Atmar RL, Greenberg SB, Couch RB (1997) Cytokines and impaired CD8+ CTL activity among elderly persons and the enhancing effect of IL-12. Mech Aging Dev 94:25–39</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR141-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01855-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01855-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2896%2901855-6" aria-label="Article reference 141" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01855-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9147358" aria-label="PubMed reference 141">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXjsVCmu7Y%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 141">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 141" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytokines%20and%20impaired%20CD8%2B%20CTL%20activity%20among%20elderly%20persons%20and%20the%20enhancing%20effect%20of%20IL-12&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=94&pages=25-39&publication_year=1997&author=Mbawuike%2CI&author=Acuna%2CCL&author=Walz%2CKC&author=Atmar%2CRL&author=Greenberg%2CSB&author=Couch%2CRB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR142">McLaughlin B, O’Malley K, Cotter TG (1986) Age-related differences in granulocytochemiotaxis and degranulation. Clin Sci 70:59–62</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR142-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3002706" aria-label="PubMed reference 142">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL28Xos12msg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 142">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 142" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20differences%20in%20granulocytochemiotaxis%20and%20degranulation&journal=Clin%20Sci&volume=70&pages=59-62&publication_year=1986&author=McLaughlin%2CB&author=OMalley%2CK&author=Cotter%2CTG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR143">McLeod J-D (2000) Apoptotic capability in ageing T cells. Mech Ageing Dev 121:151–159</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR143-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00206-2" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00206-2" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2800%2900206-2" aria-label="Article reference 143" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00206-2">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11164469" aria-label="PubMed reference 143">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXnsVWksA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 143">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 143" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Apoptotic%20capability%20in%20ageing%20T%20cells&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=121&pages=151-159&publication_year=2000&author=McLeod%2CJ-D"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR144">Medvedev ZA (1990) An attempt at a rational classification of theories of aging. Biol Rev 65:375–398</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR144-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1469-185X.1990.tb01428.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1469-185X.1990.tb01428.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1469-185X.1990.tb01428.x" aria-label="Article reference 144" data-doi="10.1111/j.1469-185X.1990.tb01428.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2205304" aria-label="PubMed reference 144">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3czotFentg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 144">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 144" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=An%20attempt%20at%20a%20rational%20classification%20of%20theories%20of%20aging&journal=Biol%20Rev&volume=65&pages=375-398&publication_year=1990&author=Medvedev%2CZA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR145">Michie CA, McLean A, Alcock C, Beverley PC (1992) Lifespan of human lymphocyte subsets defined by CD45 isoforms. Nature 360:264–265</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR145-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1038/360264a0" data-track-item_id="10.1038/360264a0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F360264a0" aria-label="Article reference 145" data-doi="10.1038/360264a0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1436108" aria-label="PubMed reference 145">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s%252Fmtlelug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 145">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 145" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Lifespan%20of%20human%20lymphocyte%20subsets%20defined%20by%20CD45%20isoforms&journal=Nature&volume=360&pages=264-265&publication_year=1992&author=Michie%2CCA&author=McLean%2CA&author=Alcock%2CC&author=Beverley%2CPC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR146">Miller AE (1980) Selective decline in cellular immune response to varicella zoster in the elderly. Neurology 30:582–587</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR146-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1212/WNL.30.6.582" data-track-item_id="10.1212/WNL.30.6.582" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1212%2FWNL.30.6.582" aria-label="Article reference 146" data-doi="10.1212/WNL.30.6.582">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6247671" aria-label="PubMed reference 146">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL3c3htVeqsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 146">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 146" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Selective%20decline%20in%20cellular%20immune%20response%20to%20varicella%20zoster%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Neurology&volume=30&pages=582-587&publication_year=1980&author=Miller%2CAE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR147">Miller C, Kelsoe G (1995) Ig V<sub>H</sub> hypermutation is absent in the germinal centers of aged mice. J Immunol 155:3377–3384</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR147-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7561032" aria-label="PubMed reference 147">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXot1Ggsbk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 147">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 147" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Ig%20VH%20hypermutation%20is%20absent%20in%20the%20germinal%20centers%20of%20aged%20mice&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=155&pages=3377-3384&publication_year=1995&author=Miller%2CC&author=Kelsoe%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR148">Miller RA (1989) The cell biology of aging: immunological models. J Gerontol 44:4–8</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR148-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/geronj/44.1.B4" data-track-item_id="10.1093/geronj/44.1.B4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgeronj%2F44.1.B4" aria-label="Article reference 148" data-doi="10.1093/geronj/44.1.B4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 148" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20cell%20biology%20of%20aging%3A%20immunological%20models&journal=J%20Gerontol&volume=44&pages=4-8&publication_year=1989&author=Miller%2CRA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR149">Miller RA (1991) Aging and immune function. Int Rev Cytol 124:187–215</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR149-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0074-7696(08)61527-2" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0074-7696(08)61527-2" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0074-7696%2808%2961527-2" aria-label="Article reference 149" data-doi="10.1016/S0074-7696(08)61527-2">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2001916" aria-label="PubMed reference 149">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3M7mtFaksg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 149">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 149" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Aging%20and%20immune%20function&journal=Int%20Rev%20Cytol&volume=124&pages=187-215&publication_year=1991&author=Miller%2CRA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR150">Mohacsi A, Fulop T Jr, Kozlovszky B, Seres I, Leovey A (1992) Superoxide anion production and intracellular free calcium levels in resting and stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes obtained from healthy and arteriosclerotic subjects of various ages. Clin Biochem 25:285–288</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR150-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0009-9120(92)80034-E" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0009-9120(92)80034-E" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0009-9120%2892%2980034-E" aria-label="Article reference 150" data-doi="10.1016/0009-9120(92)80034-E">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1326419" aria-label="PubMed reference 150">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK38XmtlWgt7c%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 150">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 150" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Superoxide%20anion%20production%20and%20intracellular%20free%20calcium%20levels%20in%20resting%20and%20stimulated%20polymorphonuclear%20leukocytes%20obtained%20from%20healthy%20and%20arteriosclerotic%20subjects%20of%20various%20ages&journal=Clin%20Biochem&volume=25&pages=285-288&publication_year=1992&author=Mohacsi%2CA&author=Fulop%2CTJ&author=Kozlovszky%2CB&author=Seres%2CI&author=Leovey%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR151">Morellini M, Trabace S, Lulli P, Cappellacci S, Brioli G, Orrù D, et al (1992) HLA antigens and aging. Ann NY Acad Sci 663:499–500</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR151-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38715.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38715.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1992.tb38715.x" aria-label="Article reference 151" data-doi="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb38715.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1482098" aria-label="PubMed reference 151">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s7ivVyisA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 151">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 151" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=HLA%20antigens%20and%20aging&journal=Ann%20NY%20Acad%20Sci&volume=663&pages=499-500&publication_year=1992&author=Morellini%2CM&author=Trabace%2CS&author=Lulli%2CP&author=Cappellacci%2CS&author=Brioli%2CG&author=Orr%C3%B9%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR152">Mosmann TR, Coffman RL (1989) Thl and Th2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties. Ann Rev Immunol 7:145–173</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR152-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1146/annurev.iy.07.040189.001045" data-track-item_id="10.1146/annurev.iy.07.040189.001045" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.iy.07.040189.001045" aria-label="Article reference 152" data-doi="10.1146/annurev.iy.07.040189.001045">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL1MXit12lsbk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 152">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 152" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Thl%20and%20Th2%20cells%3A%20different%20patterns%20of%20lymphokine%20secretion%20lead%20to%20different%20functional%20properties&journal=Ann%20Rev%20Immunol&volume=7&pages=145-173&publication_year=1989&author=Mosmann%2CTR&author=Coffman%2CRL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR153">Mountz JD, Wu J, Zhou TH, Hsu HC (1997) Cell death and longevity: implications of fas-mediated apoptosis in T-cell senescence. Immunol Rev 160:19–30</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR153-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01024.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01024.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01024.x" aria-label="Article reference 153" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01024.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476662" aria-label="PubMed reference 153">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlvVSmsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 153">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 153" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cell%20death%20and%20longevity%3A%20implications%20of%20fas-mediated%20apoptosis%20in%20T-cell%20senescence&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=19-30&publication_year=1997&author=Mountz%2CJD&author=Wu%2CJ&author=Zhou%2CTH&author=Hsu%2CHC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR154">Murasko DM, Weiner P, Kaye D (1987) Decline in mitogen induced proliferation of lymphocytes with increasing age. Clin Exp Immunol 70:440–448</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR154-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3427828" aria-label="PubMed reference 154">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL1c7htVSktA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 154">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 154" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Decline%20in%20mitogen%20induced%20proliferation%20of%20lymphocytes%20with%20increasing%20age&journal=Clin%20Exp%20Immunol&volume=70&pages=440-448&publication_year=1987&author=Murasko%2CDM&author=Weiner%2CP&author=Kaye%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR155">Musher DM, Chapman AJ, Goree A, Jonsson S, Brilles D, Baughun RE (1986) Natural and vaccine-related immunity to streptococcus pneumoniae. J Infec Dis 154:245–255</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR155-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/infdis/154.2.245" data-track-item_id="10.1093/infdis/154.2.245" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Finfdis%2F154.2.245" aria-label="Article reference 155" data-doi="10.1093/infdis/154.2.245">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL283lt1Gisg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 155">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 155" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Natural%20and%20vaccine-related%20immunity%20to%20streptococcus%20pneumoniae&journal=J%20Infec%20Dis&volume=154&pages=245-255&publication_year=1986&author=Musher%2CDM&author=Chapman%2CAJ&author=Goree%2CA&author=Jonsson%2CS&author=Brilles%2CD&author=Baughun%2CRE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR156">Mysliwska J, Mysliwski A, Romanowski P, Bigda J, Sosnowska D, Foerster J (1992) Monocytes are responsible for depressed natural killer (NK) activity in both young and elderly low NK responders. Gerontology 38:41–49</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR156-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000213305" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000213305" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000213305" aria-label="Article reference 156" data-doi="10.1159/000213305">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1535328" aria-label="PubMed reference 156">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK38zgslCmtA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 156">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 156" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Monocytes%20are%20responsible%20for%20depressed%20natural%20killer%20%28NK%29%20activity%20in%20both%20young%20and%20elderly%20low%20NK%20responders&journal=Gerontology&volume=38&pages=41-49&publication_year=1992&author=Mysliwska%2CJ&author=Mysliwski%2CA&author=Romanowski%2CP&author=Bigda%2CJ&author=Sosnowska%2CD&author=Foerster%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR157">Nagelkerken L, Hertogh-Huijbregts A, Dobber R, Drager A (1991) Age-related changes in lymphokine production related to a decreased number of CD45RB<sup>hi</sup> CD41+ T cells. Eur J Immunol 21:273–281</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR157-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/eji.1830210206" data-track-item_id="10.1002/eji.1830210206" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830210206" aria-label="Article reference 157" data-doi="10.1002/eji.1830210206">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1671835" aria-label="PubMed reference 157">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3MXhvVemtbg%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 157">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 157" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20changes%20in%20lymphokine%20production%20related%20to%20a%20decreased%20number%20of%20CD45RBhi%20CD41%2B%20T%20cells&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=21&pages=273-281&publication_year=1991&author=Nagelkerken%2CL&author=Hertogh-Huijbregts%2CA&author=Dobber%2CR&author=Drager%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR158">Nakazawa T, Houjyo S, Dobashi K, Sato K (1994) Influence of aging and sex on specific IgE antibody production. Intern Med 33:396–401</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR158-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.2169/internalmedicine.33.396" data-track-item_id="10.2169/internalmedicine.33.396" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.2169%2Finternalmedicine.33.396" aria-label="Article reference 158" data-doi="10.2169/internalmedicine.33.396">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7949638" aria-label="PubMed reference 158">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2M%252Fjs12ntQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 158">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 158" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Influence%20of%20aging%20and%20sex%20on%20specific%20IgE%20antibody%20production&journal=Intern%20Med&volume=33&pages=396-401&publication_year=1994&author=Nakazawa%2CT&author=Houjyo%2CS&author=Dobashi%2CK&author=Sato%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR159">Negoro S, Hara H, Miyata S, Saiki O, Tanaka T, Yoshizaki K, Igarashi T, et al (1986) Mechanisms of age-related decline in antigen-specific T cell proliferative response: IL-2 receptor expression and recombinant IL-2 induced proliferative response of purified TAC-positive T cells. Mech Ageing Dev 36:223–241</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR159-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(86)90089-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(86)90089-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2886%2990089-8" aria-label="Article reference 159" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(86)90089-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3099104" aria-label="PubMed reference 159">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL2sXkvVCitg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 159">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 159" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Mechanisms%20of%20age-related%20decline%20in%20antigen-specific%20T%20cell%20proliferative%20response%3A%20IL-2%20receptor%20expression%20and%20recombinant%20IL-2%20induced%20proliferative%20response%20of%20purified%20TAC-positive%20T%20cells&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=36&pages=223-241&publication_year=1986&author=Negoro%2CS&author=Hara%2CH&author=Miyata%2CS&author=Saiki%2CO&author=Tanaka%2CT&author=Yoshizaki%2CK&author=Igarashi%2CT"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR160">Nijhuis EWP, Remarque EJ, Hinloopen B, van der Pouw-Kraan T, van Lier RAW, Ligthart GJ, Nagelkerken L (1994) Age-related increase in the fraction of CD27-CD4+T cells and IL-4 production as a feature of CD4+ T cell differentiation in vivo. Clin Exp Immunol 96:528–534</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR160-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06061.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06061.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2249.1994.tb06061.x" aria-label="Article reference 160" data-doi="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06061.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7911751" aria-label="PubMed reference 160">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXltVKntLw%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 160">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 160" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20increase%20in%20the%20fraction%20of%20CD27-CD4%2BT%20cells%20and%20IL-4%20production%20as%20a%20feature%20of%20CD4%2B%20T%20cell%20differentiation%20in%20vivo&journal=Clin%20Exp%20Immunol&volume=96&pages=528-534&publication_year=1994&author=Nijhuis%2CEWP&author=Remarque%2CEJ&author=Hinloopen%2CB&author=Pouw-Kraan%2CT&author=van%20Lier%2CRAW&author=Ligthart%2CGJ&author=Nagelkerken%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR161">Niwa Y, Kasama T, Miyachi Y, Kanoh T (1989) Neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis and parameters of reactive oxygen species in human aging: cross sectional and longitudinal studies. Life Sci 44:1655–1664</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR161-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0024-3205(89)90482-7" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0024-3205(89)90482-7" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0024-3205%2889%2990482-7" aria-label="Article reference 161" data-doi="10.1016/0024-3205(89)90482-7">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2733545" aria-label="PubMed reference 161">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL1MXktlOktrc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 161">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 161" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Neutrophil%20chemotaxis%2C%20phagocytosis%20and%20parameters%20of%20reactive%20oxygen%20species%20in%20human%20aging%3A%20cross%20sectional%20and%20longitudinal%20studies&journal=Life%20Sci&volume=44&pages=1655-1664&publication_year=1989&author=Niwa%2CY&author=Kasama%2CT&author=Miyachi%2CY&author=Kanoh%2CT"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR162">Nuorti JP, Butler JC, Crutcher JM, Guevara R, Welch D, Holder P, Elliott JA (1998) An outbreak of multidrug-resistant pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia among unvaccinated nursing home residents. N Engl J Med 338:1861–1867</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR162-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1056/NEJM199806253382601" data-track-item_id="10.1056/NEJM199806253382601" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJM199806253382601" aria-label="Article reference 162" data-doi="10.1056/NEJM199806253382601">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9637804" aria-label="PubMed reference 162">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK1c3ptlyqtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 162">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 162" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=An%20outbreak%20of%20multidrug-resistant%20pneumococcal%20pneumonia%20and%20bacteremia%20among%20unvaccinated%20nursing%20home%20residents&journal=N%20Engl%20J%20Med&volume=338&pages=1861-1867&publication_year=1998&author=Nuorti%2CJP&author=Butler%2CJC&author=Crutcher%2CJM&author=Guevara%2CR&author=Welch%2CD&author=Holder%2CP&author=Elliott%2CJA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR163">O’Brien T, Blattner W, Waters D (1996) Serum HIV-1 RNA levels and time to development of AIDS in the multicenter Hemophilia Cohort Study. JAMA 276:105–110</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR163-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1001/jama.1996.03540020027025" data-track-item_id="10.1001/jama.1996.03540020027025" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.1996.03540020027025" aria-label="Article reference 163" data-doi="10.1001/jama.1996.03540020027025">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK283nt12nuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 163">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 163" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Serum%20HIV-1%20RNA%20levels%20and%20time%20to%20development%20of%20AIDS%20in%20the%20multicenter%20Hemophilia%20Cohort%20Study&journal=JAMA&volume=276&pages=105-110&publication_year=1996&author=OBrien%2CT&author=Blattner%2CW&author=Waters%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR164">Ogawa T, Kitagawa M, Hirokawa K (2000) Age-related changes of human bone marrow: a histometric estimation of proliferative cells, apoptotic cells, T cells, B cells and macrophages. Mech Ageing Dev 117:57–68</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR164-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00137-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00137-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2800%2900137-8" aria-label="Article reference 164" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00137-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10958923" aria-label="PubMed reference 164">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXlvV2nu7o%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 164">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 164" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20changes%20of%20human%20bone%20marrow%3A%20a%20histometric%20estimation%20of%20proliferative%20cells%2C%20apoptotic%20cells%2C%20T%20cells%2C%20B%20cells%20and%20macrophages&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=117&pages=57-68&publication_year=2000&author=Ogawa%2CT&author=Kitagawa%2CM&author=Hirokawa%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR165">Okumura M, Fujii Y, Takeuchi Y, Inada K, Makahara K, Matsuda H (1993a) Age-related accumulation of LFA-l<sup>high</sup> cells in CD8+ CD45RA<sup>high</sup> T cell population. Eur J Immunol 23:1057–1063</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR165-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/eji.1830230512" data-track-item_id="10.1002/eji.1830230512" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830230512" aria-label="Article reference 165" data-doi="10.1002/eji.1830230512">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7682955" aria-label="PubMed reference 165">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s3jvVylsg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 165">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 165" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20accumulation%20of%20LFA-lhigh%20cells%20in%20CD8%2B%20CD45RAhigh%20T%20cell%20population&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=23&pages=1057-1063&publication_year=1993&author=Okumura%2CM&author=Fujii%2CY&author=Takeuchi%2CY&author=Inada%2CK&author=Makahara%2CK&author=Matsuda%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR166">Okumura M, Fujii Y, Takeuchi Y, Inada K, Makahara K, Matsuda H (1993b) Both CD45RA+ CD45RA-subpopulations of CD8+ T cells contain cells with high levels of lymphocyte function associated antigen-1 expression, a phenotype of primed T cells. J Immunol 150:429–437</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR166-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7678274" aria-label="PubMed reference 166">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3sXhsVGntr8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 166">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 166" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Both%20CD45RA%2B%20CD45RA-subpopulations%20of%20CD8%2B%20T%20cells%20contain%20cells%20with%20high%20levels%20of%20lymphocyte%20function%20associated%20antigen-1%20expression%2C%20a%20phenotype%20of%20primed%20T%20cells&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=150&pages=429-437&publication_year=1993&author=Okumura%2CM&author=Fujii%2CY&author=Takeuchi%2CY&author=Inada%2CK&author=Makahara%2CK&author=Matsuda%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR167">Olshansky SJ, Carnes BA, Cassel C (1990) In search of Methuselah: estimating the upper limits to human longevity. Science 250:634–648</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR167-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1126/science.2237414" data-track-item_id="10.1126/science.2237414" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.2237414" aria-label="Article reference 167" data-doi="10.1126/science.2237414">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2237414" aria-label="PubMed reference 167">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3M%252Fksl2ltQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 167">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 167" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=In%20search%20of%20Methuselah%3A%20estimating%20the%20upper%20limits%20to%20human%20longevity&journal=Science&volume=250&pages=634-648&publication_year=1990&author=Olshansky%2CSJ&author=Carnes%2CBA&author=Cassel%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR168">Olsson J, Wikby A, Johansson B, Lofgren S, Nilsson BO, Ferguson FG (2000) Age-related change in peripheral blood T-lymphocyte subpopulations and cytomegalovirus infection in the very old: the Swedish longitudinal OCTO immune study. Mech Ageing Dev 121:187–201</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR168-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00210-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00210-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2800%2900210-4" aria-label="Article reference 168" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00210-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11164473" aria-label="PubMed reference 168">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXnsVWrsg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 168">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 168" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20change%20in%20peripheral%20blood%20T-lymphocyte%20subpopulations%20and%20cytomegalovirus%20infection%20in%20the%20very%20old%3A%20the%20Swedish%20longitudinal%20OCTO%20immune%20study&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=121&pages=187-201&publication_year=2000&author=Olsson%2CJ&author=Wikby%2CA&author=Johansson%2CB&author=Lofgren%2CS&author=Nilsson%2CBO&author=Ferguson%2CFG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR169">Orson F-M, Saadeh C-K, Lewis D-E, Nelson D-L (1989) Interleukin 2 receptor expression by T cells in human aging. Cell Immunol 124:278–291</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR169-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0008-8749(89)90131-7" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0008-8749(89)90131-7" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0008-8749%2889%2990131-7" aria-label="Article reference 169" data-doi="10.1016/0008-8749(89)90131-7">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2510938" aria-label="PubMed reference 169">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3cXhvFOmtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 169">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 169" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Interleukin%202%20receptor%20expression%20by%20T%20cells%20in%20human%20aging&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=124&pages=278-291&publication_year=1989&author=Orson%2CF-M&author=Saadeh%2CC-K&author=Lewis%2CD-E&author=Nelson%2CD-L"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR170">Paganelli R, Quinti I, Fagiolo U, Cossarizza A, Ortolani C, Guerra E, Sansoni P, et al (1992) Changes in circulating B cells and immunoglobulin classes and subclasses in a healthy aged population. Clin Exp Immunol 90:351–354</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR170-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb07954.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb07954.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2249.1992.tb07954.x" aria-label="Article reference 170" data-doi="10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb07954.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1424294" aria-label="PubMed reference 170">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s%252FkslCquw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 170">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 170" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Changes%20in%20circulating%20B%20cells%20and%20immunoglobulin%20classes%20and%20subclasses%20in%20a%20healthy%20aged%20population&journal=Clin%20Exp%20Immunol&volume=90&pages=351-354&publication_year=1992&author=Paganelli%2CR&author=Quinti%2CI&author=Fagiolo%2CU&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Ortolani%2CC&author=Guerra%2CE&author=Sansoni%2CP"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR171">Paganelli R, Scala E, Quinti I, Ansotegui IJ (1994) Humoral immunity in aging. Aging Milano 6:143–150</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR171-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7993921" aria-label="PubMed reference 171">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2M%252Fos1Sqsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 171">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 171" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Humoral%20immunity%20in%20aging&journal=Aging%20Milano&volume=6&pages=143-150&publication_year=1994&author=Paganelli%2CR&author=Scala%2CE&author=Quinti%2CI&author=Ansotegui%2CIJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR172">Paganelli R, Scala E, Rosso R, Cossarizza A, Bertollo L, Barbieri D, Fabrizi A, et al (1996) A shift to THO cytokine production by CD4+ cells in human longevity: studies on two healthy centenarians. Eur J Immunol 26:2030–2034</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR172-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/eji.1830260910" data-track-item_id="10.1002/eji.1830260910" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830260910" aria-label="Article reference 172" data-doi="10.1002/eji.1830260910">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8814242" aria-label="PubMed reference 172">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28Xls1CqtLk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 172">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 172" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=A%20shift%20to%20THO%20cytokine%20production%20by%20CD4%2B%20cells%20in%20human%20longevity%3A%20studies%20on%20two%20healthy%20centenarians&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=26&pages=2030-2034&publication_year=1996&author=Paganelli%2CR&author=Scala%2CE&author=Rosso%2CR&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Bertollo%2CL&author=Barbieri%2CD&author=Fabrizi%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR173">Pahlavani MA, Richardson A (1996) The effect of age on the expression of interleukin-2. Mech Aging Dev 89:125–154</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR173-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(96)01725-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(96)01725-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2896%2901725-3" aria-label="Article reference 173" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(96)01725-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8844635" aria-label="PubMed reference 173">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XlsVWgtb0%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 173">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 173" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20effect%20of%20age%20on%20the%20expression%20of%20interleukin-2&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=89&pages=125-154&publication_year=1996&author=Pahlavani%2CMA&author=Richardson%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR174">Paoli de S, Battistini S, Santini GF (1988) Age-related changes in human lymphocyte subsets: progressive reduction of the CD4 CD45R (suppressor inducer) population. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 48:290–296</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR174-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0090-1229(88)90022-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0090-1229(88)90022-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0090-1229%2888%2990022-0" aria-label="Article reference 174" data-doi="10.1016/0090-1229(88)90022-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2456868" aria-label="PubMed reference 174">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 174" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20changes%20in%20human%20lymphocyte%20subsets%3A%20progressive%20reduction%20of%20the%20CD4%20CD45R%20%28suppressor%20inducer%29%20population&journal=Clin%20Immunol%20Immunopathol&volume=48&pages=290-296&publication_year=1988&author=Paoli%2CS&author=Battistini%2CS&author=Santini%2CGF"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR175">Pawelec G, Solana R (1997) Immunosenescence. Immunol Today 18:514–516</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR175-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0167-5699(97)01145-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0167-5699(97)01145-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0167-5699%2897%2901145-6" aria-label="Article reference 175" data-doi="10.1016/S0167-5699(97)01145-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9386344" aria-label="PubMed reference 175">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXnsVajsr4%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 175">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 175" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunosenescence&journal=Immunol%20Today&volume=18&pages=514-516&publication_year=1997&author=Pawelec%2CG&author=Solana%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR176">Pawelec G, Abibzadeh M, Pohla H, Schaudt K (1995) Immunosenescence: ageing of the immune system. Immunol Today 16:420–422</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR176-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80017-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80017-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0167-5699%2895%2980017-4" aria-label="Article reference 176" data-doi="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80017-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7546204" aria-label="PubMed reference 176">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXnvFagtrc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 176">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 176" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunosenescence%3A%20ageing%20of%20the%20immune%20system&journal=Immunol%20Today&volume=16&pages=420-422&publication_year=1995&author=Pawelec%2CG&author=Abibzadeh%2CM&author=Pohla%2CH&author=Schaudt%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR177">Pawelec G, Effros R-B, Caruso C, Remarque E, Barnett Y, Solana R (1999) T cells and aging. Front Biosci 4D: 216–269</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR177-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.2741/Pawelec" data-track-item_id="10.2741/Pawelec" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.2741%2FPawelec" aria-label="Article reference 177" data-doi="10.2741/Pawelec">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 177" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=T%20cells%20and%20aging&journal=Front%20Biosci&volume=4D&pages=216-269&publication_year=1999&author=Pawelec%2CG&author=Effros%2CR-B&author=Caruso%2CC&author=Remarque%2CE&author=Barnett%2CY&author=Solana%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR178">Perez-Guzman C, Vargas MH, Torres-Cruz A, Villarreal-Velarde H (1999) Does aging modify pulmonary tuberculosis? A meta-analytical review. Chest 116:961–967</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR178-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1378/chest.116.4.961" data-track-item_id="10.1378/chest.116.4.961" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1378%2Fchest.116.4.961" aria-label="Article reference 178" data-doi="10.1378/chest.116.4.961">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10531160" aria-label="PubMed reference 178">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c%252FgtlWqsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 178">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 178" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Does%20aging%20modify%20pulmonary%20tuberculosis%3F%20A%20meta-analytical%20review&journal=Chest&volume=116&pages=961-967&publication_year=1999&author=Perez-Guzman%2CC&author=Vargas%2CMH&author=Torres-Cruz%2CA&author=Villarreal-Velarde%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR179">Pietschmann P, Hahn P, Kudlacek S, Thomas R, Peterlik M (2000) Surface markers and transendothelial migration of dendritic cells from elderly subjects. Exp Gerontol 35: 213–214</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR179-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00089-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00089-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0531-5565%2899%2900089-3" aria-label="Article reference 179" data-doi="10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00089-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10767580" aria-label="PubMed reference 179">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXitlOrsr4%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 179">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 179" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Surface%20markers%20and%20transendothelial%20migration%20of%20dendritic%20cells%20from%20elderly%20subjects&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=35&pages=213-214&publication_year=2000&author=Pietschmann%2CP&author=Hahn%2CP&author=Kudlacek%2CS&author=Thomas%2CR&author=Peterlik%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR180">Plouffe JF, Breiman RF, Facklam RR (1996) Bacteremia with streptococcus pneumonia. JAMA 275:194–198</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR180-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1001/jama.1996.03530270034028" data-track-item_id="10.1001/jama.1996.03530270034028" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.1996.03530270034028" aria-label="Article reference 180" data-doi="10.1001/jama.1996.03530270034028">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8604171" aria-label="PubMed reference 180">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK287ptVCitg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 180">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 180" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Bacteremia%20with%20streptococcus%20pneumonia&journal=JAMA&volume=275&pages=194-198&publication_year=1996&author=Plouffe%2CJF&author=Breiman%2CRF&author=Facklam%2CRR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR181">Posnett DN, Sinha R, Kabak S, Russo C (1994) Clonal population of T cell in normal elderly humans: the T cell equivalent to „benign monoclonal gammopathy“. J Exp Med 179:609–618</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR181-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1084/jem.179.2.609" data-track-item_id="10.1084/jem.179.2.609" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.179.2.609" aria-label="Article reference 181" data-doi="10.1084/jem.179.2.609">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8294871" aria-label="PubMed reference 181">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXhtVCnsr0%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 181">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 181" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Clonal%20population%20of%20T%20cell%20in%20normal%20elderly%20humans%3A%20the%20T%20cell%20equivalent%20to%20%E2%80%9Ebenign%20monoclonal%20gammopathy%E2%80%9C&journal=J%20Exp%20Med&volume=179&pages=609-618&publication_year=1994&author=Posnett%2CDN&author=Sinha%2CR&author=Kabak%2CS&author=Russo%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR182">Powers DC, Belshe RB (1993) Effect of age on cytotoxic T lymphocyte memory as well as serum and local antibody responses elicited by inactivated influenza virus vaccine. J Infect Dis 167:584–592</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR182-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/infdis/167.3.584" data-track-item_id="10.1093/infdis/167.3.584" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Finfdis%2F167.3.584" aria-label="Article reference 182" data-doi="10.1093/infdis/167.3.584">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8440930" aria-label="PubMed reference 182">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s7nvFOrsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 182">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 182" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Effect%20of%20age%20on%20cytotoxic%20T%20lymphocyte%20memory%20as%20well%20as%20serum%20and%20local%20antibody%20responses%20elicited%20by%20inactivated%20influenza%20virus%20vaccine&journal=J%20Infect%20Dis&volume=167&pages=584-592&publication_year=1993&author=Powers%2CDC&author=Belshe%2CRB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR183">Quagliatilo VJ, Schield WM (1997) Treatment of bacterial meningitis. N Eng J Med 6:708–715</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR183-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 183" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Treatment%20of%20bacterial%20meningitis&journal=N%20Eng%20J%20Med&volume=6&pages=708-715&publication_year=1997&author=Quagliatilo%2CVJ&author=Schield%2CWM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR184">Quaglino D, Ginaldi L, Furia N, De Martinis M (1996) The effect of age on hemopoiesis. Aging Clin Exp Res 8:1–12</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR184-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK283mtFCjsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 184">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 184" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20effect%20of%20age%20on%20hemopoiesis&journal=Aging%20Clin%20Exp%20Res&volume=8&pages=1-12&publication_year=1996&author=Quaglino%2CD&author=Ginaldi%2CL&author=Furia%2CN&author=Martinis%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR185">Rabatic S, Sabioncello A, Dekaris D, Kardum I (1988) Age related changes in functions of peripheral blood phagocytes. Mech Aging Dev 45:223–229</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR185-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(88)90004-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(88)90004-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2888%2990004-8" aria-label="Article reference 185" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(88)90004-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3236906" aria-label="PubMed reference 185">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL1M7otVamsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 185">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 185" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age%20related%20changes%20in%20functions%20of%20peripheral%20blood%20phagocytes&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=45&pages=223-229&publication_year=1988&author=Rabatic%2CS&author=Sabioncello%2CA&author=Dekaris%2CD&author=Kardum%2CI"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR186">Rao KMK (1986) Age-related decline in ligand-induced actin polymerisation in human leukocytes and platelets. J Gerontol 41:561</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR186-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/geronj/41.5.561" data-track-item_id="10.1093/geronj/41.5.561" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgeronj%2F41.5.561" aria-label="Article reference 186" data-doi="10.1093/geronj/41.5.561">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3745810" aria-label="PubMed reference 186">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL28XlvVyhsbY%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 186">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 186" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20decline%20in%20ligand-induced%20actin%20polymerisation%20in%20human%20leukocytes%20and%20platelets&journal=J%20Gerontol&volume=41&publication_year=1986&author=Rao%2CKMK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR187">Rea IM, Stewart M, Campbell P, Alexander HD, Crockard AD, Morris TCM (1986) Changes in lymphocyte subsets, interleukin 2 and soluble interleukin 2 receptor in old and very old age. Gerontology 42:69–78</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR187-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000213775" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000213775" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000213775" aria-label="Article reference 187" data-doi="10.1159/000213775">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 187" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Changes%20in%20lymphocyte%20subsets%2C%20interleukin%202%20and%20soluble%20interleukin%202%20receptor%20in%20old%20and%20very%20old%20age&journal=Gerontology&volume=42&pages=69-78&publication_year=1986&author=Rea%2CIM&author=Stewart%2CM&author=Campbell%2CP&author=Alexander%2CHD&author=Crockard%2CAD&author=Morris%2CTCM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR188">Riancho JA, Olmos JM, Gonzalez-Macias J (1994) Age-related differences in cytokine secretion. Gerontology 40:8–12</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR188-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000213568" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000213568" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000213568" aria-label="Article reference 188" data-doi="10.1159/000213568">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8034205" aria-label="PubMed reference 188">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXksFGltrY%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 188">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 188" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20differences%20in%20cytokine%20secretion&journal=Gerontology&volume=40&pages=8-12&publication_year=1994&author=Riancho%2CJA&author=Olmos%2CJM&author=Gonzalez-Macias%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR189">Rich EA, Mincek MA, Armitage KB, Duffy EG, Owen DC, Fayen JD, Horn DL, et al (1993) Accessory function and properties of monocytes from healthy elderly humans for T lymphocyte responses to mitogen and antigen. Gerontology 39:93–108</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR189-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000213519" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000213519" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000213519" aria-label="Article reference 189" data-doi="10.1159/000213519">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8514204" aria-label="PubMed reference 189">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3sXkslSgsr0%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 189">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 189" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Accessory%20function%20and%20properties%20of%20monocytes%20from%20healthy%20elderly%20humans%20for%20T%20lymphocyte%20responses%20to%20mitogen%20and%20antigen&journal=Gerontology&volume=39&pages=93-108&publication_year=1993&author=Rich%2CEA&author=Mincek%2CMA&author=Armitage%2CKB&author=Duffy%2CEG&author=Owen%2CDC&author=Fayen%2CJD&author=Horn%2CDL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR190">Rink L, Seyfarth M (1997) Features of immunological investigations in elderly. Z Gerontol Geriatr 30:220–225</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR190-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9333453" aria-label="PubMed reference 190">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2szpsV2jtA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 190">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 190" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Features%20of%20immunological%20investigations%20in%20elderly&journal=Z%20Gerontol%20Geriatr&volume=30&pages=220-225&publication_year=1997&author=Rink%2CL&author=Seyfarth%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR191">Rink L, Gabriel P (2000) Zinc and the immune system. Proc Nutr Soc 59:541–552</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR191-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1017/S0029665100000781" data-track-item_id="10.1017/S0029665100000781" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0029665100000781" aria-label="Article reference 191" data-doi="10.1017/S0029665100000781">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11115789" aria-label="PubMed reference 191">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXhs1ertw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 191">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 191" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Zinc%20and%20the%20immune%20system&journal=Proc%20Nutr%20Soc&volume=59&pages=541-552&publication_year=2000&author=Rink%2CL&author=Gabriel%2CP"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR192">Rink L, Cakman I, Kirchner H (1998) Altered cytokine production in the elderly. Mech Ageing Dev 102:199–209</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR192-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00153-X" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00153-X" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2897%2900153-X" aria-label="Article reference 192" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00153-X">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9720652" aria-label="PubMed reference 192">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXks1OltLw%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 192">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 192" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Altered%20cytokine%20production%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=102&pages=199-209&publication_year=1998&author=Rink%2CL&author=Cakman%2CI&author=Kirchner%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR193">Roberts-Thomson IC, Whittingham S, Young-Chaiyud U, Mackay IR (1974) Ageing, immune response and mortality. Lancet ii:368–370</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR193-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91755-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91755-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2874%2991755-3" aria-label="Article reference 193" data-doi="10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91755-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 193" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Ageing%2C%20immune%20response%20and%20mortality&journal=Lancet&volume=ii&pages=368-370&publication_year=1974&author=Roberts-Thomson%2CIC&author=Whittingham%2CS&author=Young-Chaiyud%2CU&author=Mackay%2CIR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR194">Robinson KA, Baughman W, Rothrock G, Barrett NL, Pass M, Lexau C, Damaske B, et al (2001) Epidemiology of invasive streptococcus pneumoniae infections in the United States, 1995-1998. JAMA 285:1729–1735</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR194-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1001/jama.285.13.1729" data-track-item_id="10.1001/jama.285.13.1729" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.285.13.1729" aria-label="Article reference 194" data-doi="10.1001/jama.285.13.1729">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11277827" aria-label="PubMed reference 194">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3M3hslKrtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 194">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 194" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Epidemiology%20of%20invasive%20streptococcus%20pneumoniae%20infections%20in%20the%20United%20States%2C%201995-1998&journal=JAMA&volume=285&pages=1729-1735&publication_year=2001&author=Robinson%2CKA&author=Baughman%2CW&author=Rothrock%2CG&author=Barrett%2CNL&author=Pass%2CM&author=Lexau%2CC&author=Damaske%2CB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR195">Roitt I, Brostoff J, Male D (2001) Immunology. Mosby, Edinburgh</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR195-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 195" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunology&publication_year=2001&author=Roitt%2CI&author=Brostoff%2CJ&author=Male%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR196">Rowe JW, Kahn RL (1987) Human age: usual and successful. Science 237:143–149</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR196-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1126/science.3299702" data-track-item_id="10.1126/science.3299702" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.3299702" aria-label="Article reference 196" data-doi="10.1126/science.3299702">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3299702" aria-label="PubMed reference 196">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2s3mtleksw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 196">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 196" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Human%20age%3A%20usual%20and%20successful&journal=Science&volume=237&pages=143-149&publication_year=1987&author=Rowe%2CJW&author=Kahn%2CRL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR197">Ruiz M, Esparza B, Perez C, Barranquero M, Sabino E, Merino F (1995) CD8+ T cell subsets in aging. Immunol Invest 24:891–895</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR197-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.3109/08820139509060715" data-track-item_id="10.3109/08820139509060715" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.3109%2F08820139509060715" aria-label="Article reference 197" data-doi="10.3109/08820139509060715">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8575835" aria-label="PubMed reference 197">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK287ltlKmtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 197">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 197" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=CD8%2B%20T%20cell%20subsets%20in%20aging&journal=Immunol%20Invest&volume=24&pages=891-895&publication_year=1995&author=Ruiz%2CM&author=Esparza%2CB&author=Perez%2CC&author=Barranquero%2CM&author=Sabino%2CE&author=Merino%2CF"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR198">Saltzman RL, Peterson PK (1987) Immunodeficiency of the elderly. Rev Infect Dis 9:1127–1139</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR198-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/clinids/9.6.1127" data-track-item_id="10.1093/clinids/9.6.1127" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fclinids%2F9.6.1127" aria-label="Article reference 198" data-doi="10.1093/clinids/9.6.1127">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3321363" aria-label="PubMed reference 198">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL1c%252FpvFSgsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 198">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 198" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunodeficiency%20of%20the%20elderly&journal=Rev%20Infect%20Dis&volume=9&pages=1127-1139&publication_year=1987&author=Saltzman%2CRL&author=Peterson%2CPK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR199">Saltzstein SL, Behling CA, Baergen RN (1998) Features of cancer in nonagenarians and centenarians. J Am Geriatr Soc 46:994–998</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR199-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9706889" aria-label="PubMed reference 199">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK1czntVertA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 199">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 199" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Features%20of%20cancer%20in%20nonagenarians%20and%20centenarians&journal=J%20Am%20Geriatr%20Soc&volume=46&pages=994-998&publication_year=1998&author=Saltzstein%2CSL&author=Behling%2CCA&author=Baergen%2CRN"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR200">Sansoni P, Cossarizza A, Brianti V, Fagnoni F, Snelli G, Monti D, Marcato A, et al (1993) Lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cell activity in healthy old people and centenarians. Blood 82:2767–2773</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR200-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8219229" aria-label="PubMed reference 200">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2c%252FjtlGlsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 200">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 200" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Lymphocyte%20subsets%20and%20natural%20killer%20cell%20activity%20in%20healthy%20old%20people%20and%20centenarians&journal=Blood&volume=82&pages=2767-2773&publication_year=1993&author=Sansoni%2CP&author=Cossarizza%2CA&author=Brianti%2CV&author=Fagnoni%2CF&author=Snelli%2CG&author=Monti%2CD&author=Marcato%2CA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR201">Scheffer C, Zawatzki R, Rink L (2000) Interferon-<i>y</i> levels finally become stable with increasing age as revealed by using an ELISA corresponding to the bioactivity. Mech Ageing Dev 121:47–58</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR201-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00196-2" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00196-2" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2800%2900196-2" aria-label="Article reference 201" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00196-2">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11164459" aria-label="PubMed reference 201">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXnsVWmsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 201">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 201" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Interferon-y%20levels%20finally%20become%20stable%20with%20increasing%20age%20as%20revealed%20by%20using%20an%20ELISA%20corresponding%20to%20the%20bioactivity&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=121&pages=47-58&publication_year=2000&author=Scheffer%2CC&author=Zawatzki%2CR&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR202">Schmader K (2001) Herpes zoster in older adults. Clin Infect Dis 32:1481–1486</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR202-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1086/320169" data-track-item_id="10.1086/320169" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F320169" aria-label="Article reference 202" data-doi="10.1086/320169">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11317250" aria-label="PubMed reference 202">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3MzivVWktw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 202">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 202" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Herpes%20zoster%20in%20older%20adults&journal=Clin%20Infect%20Dis&volume=32&pages=1481-1486&publication_year=2001&author=Schmader%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR203">Schwab R, Hausman P-B, Rinnooy-Kan E, Weksler ME (1985) Immunological studies of ageing. X. Impaired T lymphocytes and normal monocyte response from elderly humans to the mitogenic antibodies OKT3 and Leu 4. Immunology 55:677–684</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR203-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3874822" aria-label="PubMed reference 203">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2M3lvFOmuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 203">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 203" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunological%20studies%20of%20ageing.%20X.%20Impaired%20T%20lymphocytes%20and%20normal%20monocyte%20response%20from%20elderly%20humans%20to%20the%20mitogenic%20antibodies%20OKT3%20and%20Leu%204&journal=Immunology&volume=55&pages=677-684&publication_year=1985&author=Schwab%2CR&author=Hausman%2CP-B&author=Rinnooy-Kan%2CE&author=Weksler%2CME"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR204">Schwab R, Pfeffer LM, Szabo P, Gamble G, Schnurr CM, Weksler ME (1990) Defective expression of high affinity IL-2 receptors on activated T cells from aged humans. Int Immunol 2:239–246</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR204-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/intimm/2.3.239" data-track-item_id="10.1093/intimm/2.3.239" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fintimm%2F2.3.239" aria-label="Article reference 204" data-doi="10.1093/intimm/2.3.239">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2088488" aria-label="PubMed reference 204">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3M3gvVSjsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 204">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 204" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Defective%20expression%20of%20high%20affinity%20IL-2%20receptors%20on%20activated%20T%20cells%20from%20aged%20humans&journal=Int%20Immunol&volume=2&pages=239-246&publication_year=1990&author=Schwab%2CR&author=Pfeffer%2CLM&author=Szabo%2CP&author=Gamble%2CG&author=Schnurr%2CCM&author=Weksler%2CME"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR205">Schwab R, Russo C, Weksler ME (1992) Altered major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen recognition by T cells from elderly humans. Eur J Immunol 22:2989–2993</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR205-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/eji.1830221134" data-track-item_id="10.1002/eji.1830221134" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Feji.1830221134" aria-label="Article reference 205" data-doi="10.1002/eji.1830221134">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1425923" aria-label="PubMed reference 205">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3sXnvFaluw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 205">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 205" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Altered%20major%20histocompatibility%20complex-restricted%20antigen%20recognition%20by%20T%20cells%20from%20elderly%20humans&journal=Eur%20J%20Immunol&volume=22&pages=2989-2993&publication_year=1992&author=Schwab%2CR&author=Russo%2CC&author=Weksler%2CME"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR206">Schwab R, Szabo P, Manavalan J, Weksler ME, Posnett DN, Pannetier C, Kourilsky P, et al (1997) Expanded CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones in elderly humans. J Immunol 158:4493–4499</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR206-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9127016" aria-label="PubMed reference 206">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXivVCrur4%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 206">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 206" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Expanded%20CD4%2B%20and%20CD8%2B%20T%20cell%20clones%20in%20elderly%20humans&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=158&pages=4493-4499&publication_year=1997&author=Schwab%2CR&author=Szabo%2CP&author=Manavalan%2CJ&author=Weksler%2CME&author=Posnett%2CDN&author=Pannetier%2CC&author=Kourilsky%2CP"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR207">Schwarzenbach HR, Nakagawa T, Conroy MC, de Weck AL (1982) Skin reactivity, basophil degranulation and IgE levels in ageing. Clin Allergy 12:465–473</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR207-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb01645.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb01645.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.1982.tb01645.x" aria-label="Article reference 207" data-doi="10.1111/j.1365-2222.1982.tb01645.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6754133" aria-label="PubMed reference 207">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL3s%252FltFCiuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 207">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 207" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Skin%20reactivity%2C%20basophil%20degranulation%20and%20IgE%20levels%20in%20ageing&journal=Clin%20Allergy&volume=12&pages=465-473&publication_year=1982&author=Schwarzenbach%2CHR&author=Nakagawa%2CT&author=Conroy%2CMC&author=de%20Weck%2CAL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR208">Seidel A, Arolt V, Hunstiger M, Rink L, Behnisch A, Kirchner H (1995) Cytokine production and serum proteins in depression. Scand J Immunol 41:534–538</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR208-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03604.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03604.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3083.1995.tb03604.x" aria-label="Article reference 208" data-doi="10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03604.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7539545" aria-label="PubMed reference 208">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXmslGqs7s%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 208">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 208" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cytokine%20production%20and%20serum%20proteins%20in%20depression&journal=Scand%20J%20Immunol&volume=41&pages=534-538&publication_year=1995&author=Seidel%2CA&author=Arolt%2CV&author=Hunstiger%2CM&author=Rink%2CL&author=Behnisch%2CA&author=Kirchner%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR209">Shearer GM (1997) Thl/Th2 changes in aging. Mech Aging Dev 94:1–5</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR209-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01849-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01849-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2896%2901849-0" aria-label="Article reference 209" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(96)01849-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9147355" aria-label="PubMed reference 209">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXjsVCmu70%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 209">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 209" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Thl%2FTh2%20changes%20in%20aging&journal=Mech%20Aging%20Dev&volume=94&pages=1-5&publication_year=1997&author=Shearer%2CGM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR210">Sindermann J (1992) Dissertation. Medizinische Fakultät, Lübeck</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR210-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 210" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Dissertation&publication_year=1992&author=Sindermann%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR211">Sindermann J, Kruse A, Frercks HJ, Schütz RM, Kirchner H (1993) Investigations of the lymphokine system in elderly individuals. Mech Ageing Dev 70:149–159</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR211-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(93)90066-Z" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(93)90066-Z" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2893%2990066-Z" aria-label="Article reference 211" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(93)90066-Z">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7694010" aria-label="PubMed reference 211">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2c%252FkvVakuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 211">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 211" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Investigations%20of%20the%20lymphokine%20system%20in%20elderly%20individuals&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=70&pages=149-159&publication_year=1993&author=Sindermann%2CJ&author=Kruse%2CA&author=Frercks%2CHJ&author=Sch%C3%BCtz%2CRM&author=Kirchner%2CH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR212">Skies D, Rubinstein E, Carley N, Gioiella L, Lyons R (1996) The importance of comorbidity in HIV-infected patients over 55: a retrospective casecontrol study. Am J Med 101:605–611</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR212-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00329-4" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00329-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0002-9343%2896%2900329-4" aria-label="Article reference 212" data-doi="10.1016/S0002-9343(96)00329-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 212" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20importance%20of%20comorbidity%20in%20HIV-infected%20patients%20over%2055%3A%20a%20retrospective%20casecontrol%20study&journal=Am%20J%20Med&volume=101&pages=605-611&publication_year=1996&author=Skies%2CD&author=Rubinstein%2CE&author=Carley%2CN&author=Gioiella%2CL&author=Lyons%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR213">Solana R, Alonso MC, Pena J (1999) Natural killer cells in healthy aging. Exp Gerontol 34:435–443</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR213-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00008-X" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00008-X" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0531-5565%2899%2900008-X" aria-label="Article reference 213" data-doi="10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00008-X">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10433398" aria-label="PubMed reference 213">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1MXktlChtbs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 213">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 213" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Natural%20killer%20cells%20in%20healthy%20aging&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=34&pages=435-443&publication_year=1999&author=Solana%2CR&author=Alonso%2CMC&author=Pena%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR214">Solana R, Mariani E (2000) NK and NK/T cells in human senescence. Vaccine 18:1613–1620</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR214-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00495-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00495-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0264-410X%2899%2900495-8" aria-label="Article reference 214" data-doi="10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00495-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10689137" aria-label="PubMed reference 214">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXisVKmsbc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 214">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 214" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=NK%20and%20NK%2FT%20cells%20in%20human%20senescence&journal=Vaccine&volume=18&pages=1613-1620&publication_year=2000&author=Solana%2CR&author=Mariani%2CE"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR215">Song H, Price PW, Cemy I (1997) Age-related changes in antibody repertoire: contribution from T-cells. Immunol Rev 160:55–62</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR215-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01027.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01027.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01027.x" aria-label="Article reference 215" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01027.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476665" aria-label="PubMed reference 215">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlvVSmtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 215">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 215" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20changes%20in%20antibody%20repertoire%3A%20contribution%20from%20T-cells&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=55-62&publication_year=1997&author=Song%2CH&author=Price%2CPW&author=Cemy%2CI"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR216">Song LJ, Nagel JE, Chrest FJ, Collins GD, Adler WH (1992) Comparison of CD3 and CD2 activation pathways in T cells from young and elderly adults. Aging (Milano) 4:307–315</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR216-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3s7pt1elsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 216">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 216" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Comparison%20of%20CD3%20and%20CD2%20activation%20pathways%20in%20T%20cells%20from%20young%20and%20elderly%20adults&journal=Aging%20%28Milano%29&volume=4&pages=307-315&publication_year=1992&author=Song%2CLJ&author=Nagel%2CJE&author=Chrest%2CFJ&author=Collins%2CGD&author=Adler%2CWH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR217">Staiano-Coico L, Darzynkiewicz Z, Melamed MR, Weksler ME (1984) Immunological studies of ageing. IX. Impaired proliferation of T lymphocytes detected in elderly humans by flow cytometry. J Immunol 132:1788–1792 Statistisches Bundesamt Wiesbaden (1990-1998) Todesursachen in Deutschland. Gesundheitswesen, Serie 12, Reihe 4</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR217-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6199413" aria-label="PubMed reference 217">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2c7js12ksg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 217">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 217" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunological%20studies%20of%20ageing.%20IX.%20Impaired%20proliferation%20of%20T%20lymphocytes%20detected%20in%20elderly%20humans%20by%20flow%20cytometry&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=132&pages=1788-1792&publication_year=1984&author=Staiano-Coico%2CL&author=Darzynkiewicz%2CZ&author=Melamed%2CMR&author=Weksler%2CME"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR218">Stead WW, Lofgren JP, Warren E, Thomas C (1985) Tuberculosis as an endemic and nosocomial infection among the elderly in Nursing homes. N Engl J Med 312:1483–1487</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR218-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1056/NEJM198506063122304" data-track-item_id="10.1056/NEJM198506063122304" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJM198506063122304" aria-label="Article reference 218" data-doi="10.1056/NEJM198506063122304">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3990748" aria-label="PubMed reference 218">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2M7ovVWlsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 218">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 218" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Tuberculosis%20as%20an%20endemic%20and%20nosocomial%20infection%20among%20the%20elderly%20in%20Nursing%20homes&journal=N%20Engl%20J%20Med&volume=312&pages=1483-1487&publication_year=1985&author=Stead%2CWW&author=Lofgren%2CJP&author=Warren%2CE&author=Thomas%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR219">Steger MM, Maczek C, Berger P, Grubeck-Loebenstein B (1996a) Vaccination against tetanus in the elderly: do recommended vaccination strategies give sufficient protection. Lancet 348:762</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR219-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0140-6736(05)65680-2" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0140-6736(05)65680-2" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2805%2965680-2" aria-label="Article reference 219" data-doi="10.1016/S0140-6736(05)65680-2">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8806326" aria-label="PubMed reference 219">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK28zpvF2msg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 219">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 219" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Vaccination%20against%20tetanus%20in%20the%20elderly%3A%20do%20recommended%20vaccination%20strategies%20give%20sufficient%20protection&journal=Lancet&volume=348&publication_year=1996&author=Steger%2CMM&author=Maczek%2CC&author=Berger%2CP&author=Grubeck-Loebenstein%2CB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR220">Steger MM, Maczek C, Grubeck-Loebenstein B (1996b) Morphologically and functionally intact dendritic cells can be derived from the peripheral blood of aged individuals. Clin Exp Immunol 105:544–550</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR220-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-790.x" data-track-item_id="10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-790.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2249.1996.d01-790.x" aria-label="Article reference 220" data-doi="10.1046/j.1365-2249.1996.d01-790.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8809147" aria-label="PubMed reference 220">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK28vgsFSjtQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 220">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 220" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Morphologically%20and%20functionally%20intact%20dendritic%20cells%20can%20be%20derived%20from%20the%20peripheral%20blood%20of%20aged%20individuals&journal=Clin%20Exp%20Immunol&volume=105&pages=544-550&publication_year=1996&author=Steger%2CMM&author=Maczek%2CC&author=Grubeck-Loebenstein%2CB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR221">Steinmann G, Hartwig M (1995) Immunology of centenarians. Immunol Today 16:549–550</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR221-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80053-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80053-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0167-5699%2895%2980053-0" aria-label="Article reference 221" data-doi="10.1016/0167-5699(95)80053-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7495496" aria-label="PubMed reference 221">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXptFehtrk%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 221">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 221" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunology%20of%20centenarians&journal=Immunol%20Today&volume=16&pages=549-550&publication_year=1995&author=Steinmann%2CG&author=Hartwig%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR222">Stohlawetz P, Hahn P, Koller M, Hauer J, Resch H, Smolen J, Pietschmann P (1998) Immunophenotypic characteristics of monocytes in elderly subjects. Scand J Immunol 48:324–326</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR222-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1046/j.1365-3083.1998.00393.x" data-track-item_id="10.1046/j.1365-3083.1998.00393.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-3083.1998.00393.x" aria-label="Article reference 222" data-doi="10.1046/j.1365-3083.1998.00393.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9743221" aria-label="PubMed reference 222">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK1cvhsVWmsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 222">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 222" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunophenotypic%20characteristics%20of%20monocytes%20in%20elderly%20subjects&journal=Scand%20J%20Immunol&volume=48&pages=324-326&publication_year=1998&author=Stohlawetz%2CP&author=Hahn%2CP&author=Koller%2CM&author=Hauer%2CJ&author=Resch%2CH&author=Smolen%2CJ&author=Pietschmann%2CP"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR223">Stulnig T, Maczek C, Bock G, Majdic O, Wick G (1995a) Reference intervals for human peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations from „healthy“ young and aged subjects. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 108:205–210</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR223-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1159/000237155" data-track-item_id="10.1159/000237155" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1159%2F000237155" aria-label="Article reference 223" data-doi="10.1159/000237155">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7580284" aria-label="PubMed reference 223">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK28%252Fis1aiuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 223">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 223" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Reference%20intervals%20for%20human%20peripheral%20blood%20lymphocyte%20subpopulations%20from%20%E2%80%9Ehealthy%E2%80%9C%20young%20and%20aged%20subjects&journal=Int%20Arch%20Allergy%20Immunol&volume=108&pages=205-210&publication_year=1995&author=Stulnig%2CT&author=Maczek%2CC&author=Bock%2CG&author=Majdic%2CO&author=Wick%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR224">Stulnig TM, Bühler E, Bock G, Kirchebner C, Schönitzer D, Wick G (1995b) Altered switch in lipid composition during T cell blast transformation in the healthy elderly. J Gerontol 50A:383–390</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR224-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/gerona/50A.6.B383" data-track-item_id="10.1093/gerona/50A.6.B383" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgerona%2F50A.6.B383" aria-label="Article reference 224" data-doi="10.1093/gerona/50A.6.B383">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 224" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Altered%20switch%20in%20lipid%20composition%20during%20T%20cell%20blast%20transformation%20in%20the%20healthy%20elderly&journal=J%20Gerontol&volume=50A&pages=383-390&publication_year=1995&author=Stulnig%2CTM&author=B%C3%BChler%2CE&author=Bock%2CG&author=Kirchebner%2CC&author=Sch%C3%B6nitzer%2CD&author=Wick%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR225">Takemoto S, Terasaki PI (1988) Donor and recipient age. In: Terasaki P (ed) Clinical transplants. UCLA Tissue Typing Laboratory, Los Angeles, pp 345–356</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR225-links"><a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 225" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Donor%20and%20recipient%20age&pages=345-356&publication_year=1988&author=Takemoto%2CS&author=Terasaki%2CPI"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR226">Talbott MC, Miller LT, Kerkvliet NI (1987) Pyridoxine supplementation: effect on lymphocyte responses in elderly persons. Am J Clin Nutr 46:659–664</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR226-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3499066" aria-label="PubMed reference 226">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL1cXlsVOgtA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 226">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 226" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Pyridoxine%20supplementation%3A%20effect%20on%20lymphocyte%20responses%20in%20elderly%20persons&journal=Am%20J%20Clin%20Nutr&volume=46&pages=659-664&publication_year=1987&author=Talbott%2CMC&author=Miller%2CLT&author=Kerkvliet%2CNI"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR227">Tarazona R, De la Rosa O, Alonso C, Ostos B, Espejo J, Pena J, Solana R (2000) Increased expression of NK cell markers on T lymphocytes in aging and chronic activation of the immune system reflects the accumulation of effector/ senescent T cells. Mech Ageing Dev 121:77–88</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR227-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00199-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00199-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2800%2900199-8" aria-label="Article reference 227" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00199-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11164462" aria-label="PubMed reference 227">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXnsVWmug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 227">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 227" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Increased%20expression%20of%20NK%20cell%20markers%20on%20T%20lymphocytes%20in%20aging%20and%20chronic%20activation%20of%20the%20immune%20system%20reflects%20the%20accumulation%20of%20effector%2F%20senescent%20T%20cells&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=121&pages=77-88&publication_year=2000&author=Tarazona%2CR&author=De%20la%20Rosa%2CO&author=Alonso%2CC&author=Ostos%2CB&author=Espejo%2CJ&author=Pena%2CJ&author=Solana%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR228">Taylor AW, Mortensen RF (1991) Effect of alpha-2-macroglobulin of cytokine-mediated human C-reactive protein production. Inflammation 15:61–70</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR228-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="noopener" data-track-label="10.1007/BF00917910" data-track-item_id="10.1007/BF00917910" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://link.springer.com/doi/10.1007/BF00917910" aria-label="Article reference 228" data-doi="10.1007/BF00917910">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1711512" aria-label="PubMed reference 228">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3MXit1aju7s%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 228">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 228" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Effect%20of%20alpha-2-macroglobulin%20of%20cytokine-mediated%20human%20C-reactive%20protein%20production&journal=Inflammation&volume=15&pages=61-70&publication_year=1991&author=Taylor%2CAW&author=Mortensen%2CRF"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR229">Tesi RJ, Elkhammas EA, Davies EA, et al(1994) Renal transplantation in older people. Lancet 343:461–464</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR229-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92698-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92698-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2894%2992698-0" aria-label="Article reference 229" data-doi="10.1016/S0140-6736(94)92698-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7905959" aria-label="PubMed reference 229">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2c7kt1CgsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 229">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 229" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Renal%20transplantation%20in%20older%20people&journal=Lancet&volume=343&pages=461-464&publication_year=1994&author=Tesi%2CRJ&author=Elkhammas%2CEA&author=Davies%2CEA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR230">Thoman ML (1997a) Early steps in T cell development are affected by aging. Cell Immunol 178:117–123</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR230-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1006/cimm.1997.1133" data-track-item_id="10.1006/cimm.1997.1133" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fcimm.1997.1133" aria-label="Article reference 230" data-doi="10.1006/cimm.1997.1133">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9225002" aria-label="PubMed reference 230">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXksVyqtL8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 230">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 230" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Early%20steps%20in%20T%20cell%20development%20are%20affected%20by%20aging&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=178&pages=117-123&publication_year=1997&author=Thoman%2CML"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR231">Thoman ML (1997b) Effects of the aged microenvironment on CD4+ T cell maturation. Mech Ageing Dev 96:75–88</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR231-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00046-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00046-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2897%2900046-8" aria-label="Article reference 231" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00046-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9223112" aria-label="PubMed reference 231">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2szms1ejsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 231">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 231" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Effects%20of%20the%20aged%20microenvironment%20on%20CD4%2B%20T%20cell%20maturation&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=96&pages=75-88&publication_year=1997&author=Thoman%2CML"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR232">Thompson AB, Scholer SG, Daughton DM, Potter JF, Rennard SI (1992) Altered epithelial lining fluid parameters in old normal individuals. J Gerontol 47:171–176</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR232-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1093/geronj/47.5.M171" data-track-item_id="10.1093/geronj/47.5.M171" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgeronj%2F47.5.M171" aria-label="Article reference 232" data-doi="10.1093/geronj/47.5.M171">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 232" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Altered%20epithelial%20lining%20fluid%20parameters%20in%20old%20normal%20individuals&journal=J%20Gerontol&volume=47&pages=171-176&publication_year=1992&author=Thompson%2CAB&author=Scholer%2CSG&author=Daughton%2CDM&author=Potter%2CJF&author=Rennard%2CSI"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR233">Tortorella C, Piazzolla G, Spaccavento F, Pece S, Jirillo E, Antonaci S (1998) Spontaneous and fas-induced apoptotic cell death in aged neutrophils. J Clin Immunol 18:321–329</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR233-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1023/A:1023286831246" data-track-item_id="10.1023/A:1023286831246" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1023286831246" aria-label="Article reference 233" data-doi="10.1023/A:1023286831246">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9793824" aria-label="PubMed reference 233">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXmvFWhurs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 233">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 233" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Spontaneous%20and%20fas-induced%20apoptotic%20cell%20death%20in%20aged%20neutrophils&journal=J%20Clin%20Immunol&volume=18&pages=321-329&publication_year=1998&author=Tortorella%2CC&author=Piazzolla%2CG&author=Spaccavento%2CF&author=Pece%2CS&author=Jirillo%2CE&author=Antonaci%2CS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR234">Tortorella C, Piazzolla G, Spaccavento F, Velia F, Pace L, Antonaci S (2000) Regulatory role of extracellular matrix proteins in neutrophil respiratory burst during aging. Mech Ageing Dev 119:69–82</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR234-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00171-8" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00171-8" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2800%2900171-8" aria-label="Article reference 234" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(00)00171-8">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11040403" aria-label="PubMed reference 234">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXotVWkt70%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 234">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 234" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Regulatory%20role%20of%20extracellular%20matrix%20proteins%20in%20neutrophil%20respiratory%20burst%20during%20aging&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=119&pages=69-82&publication_year=2000&author=Tortorella%2CC&author=Piazzolla%2CG&author=Spaccavento%2CF&author=Velia%2CF&author=Pace%2CL&author=Antonaci%2CS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR235">Trinchieri G (1989) Biology of natural killer cells. Adv Immunol 47:187–196</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR235-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60664-1" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60664-1" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0065-2776%2808%2960664-1" aria-label="Article reference 235" data-doi="10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60664-1">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=2683611" aria-label="PubMed reference 235">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK3c%252Flt1yrsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 235">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 235" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Biology%20of%20natural%20killer%20cells&journal=Adv%20Immunol&volume=47&pages=187-196&publication_year=1989&author=Trinchieri%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR236">Troy CJ, Peeling RW, Ellis AG, Hockin JUC, Bennett DA, Murphy MR, Spika JS (1997) Chlamydia pneumoniae as a new source of infectious outbreaks in nursing homes. JAMA 277:1214–1218</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR236-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1001/jama.1997.03540390044033" data-track-item_id="10.1001/jama.1997.03540390044033" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.1997.03540390044033" aria-label="Article reference 236" data-doi="10.1001/jama.1997.03540390044033">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9103345" aria-label="PubMed reference 236">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2s3ls1Gjtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 236">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 236" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Chlamydia%20pneumoniae%20as%20a%20new%20source%20of%20infectious%20outbreaks%20in%20nursing%20homes&journal=JAMA&volume=277&pages=1214-1218&publication_year=1997&author=Troy%2CCJ&author=Peeling%2CRW&author=Ellis%2CAG&author=Hockin%2CJUC&author=Bennett%2CDA&author=Murphy%2CMR&author=Spika%2CJS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR237">Uno K, Nakano K, Maruo N, Onodera H, Mata H, Kurosu I, Akatani K, et al (1996) Determination of interferon-<i>a</i>-producing capacity in whole blood cultures from patients with various diseases and from healthy persons. J Interferon Cytokine Res 16:911–918</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR237-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1089/jir.1996.16.911" data-track-item_id="10.1089/jir.1996.16.911" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1089%2Fjir.1996.16.911" aria-label="Article reference 237" data-doi="10.1089/jir.1996.16.911">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8938566" aria-label="PubMed reference 237">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XntVahtLc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 237">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 237" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Determination%20of%20interferon-a-producing%20capacity%20in%20whole%20blood%20cultures%20from%20patients%20with%20various%20diseases%20and%20from%20healthy%20persons&journal=J%20Interferon%20Cytokine%20Res&volume=16&pages=911-918&publication_year=1996&author=Uno%2CK&author=Nakano%2CK&author=Maruo%2CN&author=Onodera%2CH&author=Mata%2CH&author=Kurosu%2CI&author=Akatani%2CK"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR238">Utsuyama M, Hirokawa K, Jurashima C (1992) Differential age-change in the numbers of CD4+CD45RA+ and CD4+CD29+ T cell subsets in human peripheral blood. Mech Ageing Dev 63:57–68</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR238-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90016-7" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90016-7" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2892%2990016-7" aria-label="Article reference 238" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(92)90016-7">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1376382" aria-label="PubMed reference 238">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK383pt1Kksw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 238">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 238" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Differential%20age-change%20in%20the%20numbers%20of%20CD4%2BCD45RA%2B%20and%20CD4%2BCD29%2B%20T%20cell%20subsets%20in%20human%20peripheral%20blood&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=63&pages=57-68&publication_year=1992&author=Utsuyama%2CM&author=Hirokawa%2CK&author=Jurashima%2CC"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR239">Vallejo AN, Nestel AR, Schirmer M, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ (1998) Aging-related deficiency of CD28 expression in CD4+ T cells is associated with the loss of gene-specific nuclear factor binding activity. J Biol Chem 273:8119–8129</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR239-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1074/jbc.273.14.8119" data-track-item_id="10.1074/jbc.273.14.8119" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.273.14.8119" aria-label="Article reference 239" data-doi="10.1074/jbc.273.14.8119">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9525915" aria-label="PubMed reference 239">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXitlOhtrw%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 239">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 239" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Aging-related%20deficiency%20of%20CD28%20expression%20in%20CD4%2B%20T%20cells%20is%20associated%20with%20the%20loss%20of%20gene-specific%20nuclear%20factor%20binding%20activity&journal=J%20Biol%20Chem&volume=273&pages=8119-8129&publication_year=1998&author=Vallejo%2CAN&author=Nestel%2CAR&author=Schirmer%2CM&author=Weyand%2CCM&author=Goronzy%2CJJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR240">Varga Z, Kovacs EM, Paragh G, Jacob MP, Robert L, Fulop T Jr (1988) Effect of elastin peptides and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl phenylalanine on cytosolic free calcium in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of healthy middle-aged and elderly subjects. Clin Biochem 21:127–130</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR240-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0009-9120(88)80101-2" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0009-9120(88)80101-2" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0009-9120%2888%2980101-2" aria-label="Article reference 240" data-doi="10.1016/S0009-9120(88)80101-2">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=3390898" aria-label="PubMed reference 240">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaL1cXkt1Wnt7k%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 240">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 240" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Effect%20of%20elastin%20peptides%20and%20N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl%20phenylalanine%20on%20cytosolic%20free%20calcium%20in%20polymorphonuclear%20leukocytes%20of%20healthy%20middle-aged%20and%20elderly%20subjects&journal=Clin%20Biochem&volume=21&pages=127-130&publication_year=1988&author=Varga%2CZ&author=Kovacs%2CEM&author=Paragh%2CG&author=Jacob%2CMP&author=Robert%2CL&author=Fulop%2CTJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR241">Verghese A, Berk SL (1983) Bacterial pneumonia in the elderly. Medicine 62:271–285</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR241-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1097/00005792-198309000-00002" data-track-item_id="10.1097/00005792-198309000-00002" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F00005792-198309000-00002" aria-label="Article reference 241" data-doi="10.1097/00005792-198309000-00002">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=6353130" aria-label="PubMed reference 241">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaL2c%252Fhtlegtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 241">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 241" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Bacterial%20pneumonia%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Medicine&volume=62&pages=271-285&publication_year=1983&author=Verghese%2CA&author=Berk%2CSL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR242">Verthelyi D (2001) Sex hormones as immunomodulators in health and disease. Int J Immunopharmacol 1:983–993</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR242-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00044-3" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00044-3" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1567-5769%2801%2900044-3" aria-label="Article reference 242" data-doi="10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00044-3">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3MXktFyhtLY%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 242">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 242" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Sex%20hormones%20as%20immunomodulators%20in%20health%20and%20disease&journal=Int%20J%20Immunopharmacol&volume=1&pages=983-993&publication_year=2001&author=Verthelyi%2CD"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR243">Vir SC, Love AHG (1979) Zinc and copper status in the elderly. Am J Nutr 32:1472–1476</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR243-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaE1MXltl2htL0%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 243">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 243" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Zinc%20and%20copper%20status%20in%20the%20elderly&journal=Am%20J%20Nutr&volume=32&pages=1472-1476&publication_year=1979&author=Vir%2CSC&author=Love%2CAHG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR244">Weksler ME (2000) Changes in the B-cell repertoire with age. Vaccine 18:1624–1628</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR244-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00497-1" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00497-1" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0264-410X%2899%2900497-1" aria-label="Article reference 244" data-doi="10.1016/S0264-410X(99)00497-1">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10689139" aria-label="PubMed reference 244">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c7ls1yjtg%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 244">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 244" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Changes%20in%20the%20B-cell%20repertoire%20with%20age&journal=Vaccine&volume=18&pages=1624-1628&publication_year=2000&author=Weksler%2CME"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR245">Wellinghausen N, Driessen C, Rink L (1996a) Stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by zinc and related cations. Cytokine 8:767–771</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR245-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1006/cyto.1996.0102" data-track-item_id="10.1006/cyto.1996.0102" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fcyto.1996.0102" aria-label="Article reference 245" data-doi="10.1006/cyto.1996.0102">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8980878" aria-label="PubMed reference 245">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXitVWiug%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 245">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 245" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Stimulation%20of%20human%20peripheral%20blood%20mononuclear%20cells%20by%20zinc%20and%20related%20cations&journal=Cytokine&volume=8&pages=767-771&publication_year=1996&author=Wellinghausen%2CN&author=Driessen%2CC&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR246">Wellinghausen N, Schromm A, Seydel U, Brandenburg K, Luhm J, Kirchner H, Rink L (1996b) Zinc enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced monokine secretion by alteration of fluidity state of lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol 157:3139–3145</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR246-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8816425" aria-label="PubMed reference 246">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XlvVWlsrg%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 246">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 246" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Zinc%20enhances%20lipopolysaccharide-induced%20monokine%20secretion%20by%20alteration%20of%20fluidity%20state%20of%20lipopolysaccharide&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=157&pages=3139-3145&publication_year=1996&author=Wellinghausen%2CN&author=Schromm%2CA&author=Seydel%2CU&author=Brandenburg%2CK&author=Luhm%2CJ&author=Kirchner%2CH&author=Rink%2CL"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR247">Wenisch C, Patruta S, Daxbock F, Krause R, Horl W (2000) Effect of age on human neutrophil function. J Leukoc Biol 67:40–45</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR247-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10647996" aria-label="PubMed reference 247">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD3cXmt1SisA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 247">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 247" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Effect%20of%20age%20on%20human%20neutrophil%20function&journal=J%20Leukoc%20Biol&volume=67&pages=40-45&publication_year=2000&author=Wenisch%2CC&author=Patruta%2CS&author=Daxbock%2CF&author=Krause%2CR&author=Horl%2CW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR248">Weyand CM, Brandes JC, Schmidt D, Fulbright JW, Goronzy JJ (1998) Functional properties of CD4+ CD28-T cells in the aging immune system. Mech Ageing Dev 102:131–147</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR248-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00161-9" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00161-9" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2897%2900161-9" aria-label="Article reference 248" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00161-9">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9720647" aria-label="PubMed reference 248">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXks1Olt7k%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 248">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 248" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Functional%20properties%20of%20CD4%2B%20CD28-T%20cells%20in%20the%20aging%20immune%20system&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=102&pages=131-147&publication_year=1998&author=Weyand%2CCM&author=Brandes%2CJC&author=Schmidt%2CD&author=Fulbright%2CJW&author=Goronzy%2CJJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR249">Whisler RL, Williams JW Jr, Newhouse YG (1991a) Human B cell proliferative responses during aging. Reduced RNA synthesis and DNA replication after signal transduction by surface immunoglobulins compared to B cell antigenic determinants CD20 and CD40. Mech Ageing Dev 61:209–222</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR249-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(91)90018-U" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(91)90018-U" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2891%2990018-U" aria-label="Article reference 249" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(91)90018-U">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1726699" aria-label="PubMed reference 249">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK38XotF2rtA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 249">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 249" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Human%20B%20cell%20proliferative%20responses%20during%20aging.%20Reduced%20RNA%20synthesis%20and%20DNA%20replication%20after%20signal%20transduction%20by%20surface%20immunoglobulins%20compared%20to%20B%20cell%20antigenic%20determinants%20CD20%20and%20CD40&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=61&pages=209-222&publication_year=1991&author=Whisler%2CRL&author=Williams%2CJW&author=Newhouse%2CYG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR250">Whisler RL, Liu BQ, Newhouse YG, Walters JD, Breckenridge MB, Grants IS (1991b) Signal transduction in human B cells during aging: alterations in stimulus-induced phosphorylations of tyrosine and serine/threonine substrates and in cytosolic calcium responsiveness. Lymphokine Cytokine Res 10:463–473</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR250-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1804309" aria-label="PubMed reference 250">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK38XhsV2qtL8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 250">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 250" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Signal%20transduction%20in%20human%20B%20cells%20during%20aging%3A%20alterations%20in%20stimulus-induced%20phosphorylations%20of%20tyrosine%20and%20serine%2Fthreonine%20substrates%20and%20in%20cytosolic%20calcium%20responsiveness&journal=Lymphokine%20Cytokine%20Res&volume=10&pages=463-473&publication_year=1991&author=Whisler%2CRL&author=Liu%2CBQ&author=Newhouse%2CYG&author=Walters%2CJD&author=Breckenridge%2CMB&author=Grants%2CIS"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR251">Whisler RL, Liu BQ, Wu LC, Chen M (1993) Reduced activation of transcriptional factor AP-1 among peripheral blood T cells from elderly humans after PHA stimulation: restorative effect of phorbol diesters. Cell Immunol 152:96–109</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR251-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1006/cimm.1993.1270" data-track-item_id="10.1006/cimm.1993.1270" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fcimm.1993.1270" aria-label="Article reference 251" data-doi="10.1006/cimm.1993.1270">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8242776" aria-label="PubMed reference 251">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXivFejsA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 251">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 251" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Reduced%20activation%20of%20transcriptional%20factor%20AP-1%20among%20peripheral%20blood%20T%20cells%20from%20elderly%20humans%20after%20PHA%20stimulation%3A%20restorative%20effect%20of%20phorbol%20diesters&journal=Cell%20Immunol&volume=152&pages=96-109&publication_year=1993&author=Whisler%2CRL&author=Liu%2CBQ&author=Wu%2CLC&author=Chen%2CM"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR252">Whisler RL, Newhouse YG, Grants IS, Hackshaw KV (1995) Differential expression of the alpha-and beta-isoforms of protein kinase C in peripheral blood T and B cells from young and elderly adults. Mech Ageing Dev 77:197–211</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR252-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0047-6374(94)01526-R" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0047-6374(94)01526-R" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0047-6374%2894%2901526-R" aria-label="Article reference 252" data-doi="10.1016/0047-6374(94)01526-R">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7739267" aria-label="PubMed reference 252">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXkslGnu7c%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 252">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 252" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Differential%20expression%20of%20the%20alpha-and%20beta-isoforms%20of%20protein%20kinase%20C%20in%20peripheral%20blood%20T%20and%20B%20cells%20from%20young%20and%20elderly%20adults&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=77&pages=197-211&publication_year=1995&author=Whisler%2CRL&author=Newhouse%2CYG&author=Grants%2CIS&author=Hackshaw%2CKV"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR253">Whisler RL, Chen M, Beiqing L, Carle KW (1997a) Impaired induction of c-fos/c-jun genes and of transcriptional regulatory proteins binding distinct c-fos/c-jun promoter elements in activated human T cells during aging. Cell-Immunol 175:41–50</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR253-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1006/cimm.1996.1048" data-track-item_id="10.1006/cimm.1996.1048" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fcimm.1996.1048" aria-label="Article reference 253" data-doi="10.1006/cimm.1996.1048">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9015187" aria-label="PubMed reference 253">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXls1KmsQ%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 253">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 253" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Impaired%20induction%20of%20c-fos%2Fc-jun%20genes%20and%20of%20transcriptional%20regulatory%20proteins%20binding%20distinct%20c-fos%2Fc-jun%20promoter%20elements%20in%20activated%20human%20T%20cells%20during%20aging&journal=Cell-Immunol&volume=175&pages=41-50&publication_year=1997&author=Whisler%2CRL&author=Chen%2CM&author=Beiqing%2CL&author=Carle%2CKW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR254">Whisler RL, Bagenstose SE, Newhouse YG, Carle KW (1997b) Expression and catalytic activities of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) Fyn and Lck in peripheral blood T cells from elderly humans stimulated through the T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex. Mech Ageing Dev 98:57–73</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR254-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00073-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00073-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2897%2900073-0" aria-label="Article reference 254" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00073-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9255758" aria-label="PubMed reference 254">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2sXltVWnur8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 254">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 254" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Expression%20and%20catalytic%20activities%20of%20protein%20tyrosine%20kinases%20%28PTKs%29%20Fyn%20and%20Lck%20in%20peripheral%20blood%20T%20cells%20from%20elderly%20humans%20stimulated%20through%20the%20T%20cell%20receptor%20%28TCR%29%2FCD3%20complex&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=98&pages=57-73&publication_year=1997&author=Whisler%2CRL&author=Bagenstose%2CSE&author=Newhouse%2CYG&author=Carle%2CKW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR255">Whisler RL, Karanfilov CI, Newhouse YG, Fox CC, Lakshmanan RR, Liu B (1998) Phosphorylation and coupling of zeta-chains to activated T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complexes from peripheral blood T-cells of elderly humans. Mech Ageing Dev 105:115–135</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR255-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00084-0" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00084-0" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2898%2900084-0" aria-label="Article reference 255" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00084-0">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9922123" aria-label="PubMed reference 255">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXmt1ersbo%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 255">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 255" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Phosphorylation%20and%20coupling%20of%20zeta-chains%20to%20activated%20T-cell%20receptor%20%28TCR%29%2FCD3%20complexes%20from%20peripheral%20blood%20T-cells%20of%20elderly%20humans&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=105&pages=115-135&publication_year=1998&author=Whisler%2CRL&author=Karanfilov%2CCI&author=Newhouse%2CYG&author=Fox%2CCC&author=Lakshmanan%2CRR&author=Liu%2CB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR256">Wick G, Grubeck-Loebenstein B (1997) Primary and secondary alterations of immune reactivity in the elderly: impact of dietary factors and disease. Immunol Rev 160: 171–184</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR256-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01037.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01037.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01037.x" aria-label="Article reference 256" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01037.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476675" aria-label="PubMed reference 256">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK1c7jslWmtA%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 256">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 256" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Primary%20and%20secondary%20alterations%20of%20immune%20reactivity%20in%20the%20elderly%3A%20impact%20of%20dietary%20factors%20and%20disease&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=171-184&publication_year=1997&author=Wick%2CG&author=Grubeck-Loebenstein%2CB"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR257">Wick G, Huber LA, Xu Q, Jarosch E, Schönitzer D, Jürgens G (1991) The decline of the immune response during aging: the role of an altered lipid metabolism. Ann N Y Acad Sci 621:277–290</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR257-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb16986.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb16986.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.1991.tb16986.x" aria-label="Article reference 257" data-doi="10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb16986.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=1859092" aria-label="PubMed reference 257">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK3MXlsFKru7s%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 257">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 257" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=The%20decline%20of%20the%20immune%20response%20during%20aging%3A%20the%20role%20of%20an%20altered%20lipid%20metabolism&journal=Ann%20N%20Y%20Acad%20Sci&volume=621&pages=277-290&publication_year=1991&author=Wick%2CG&author=Huber%2CLA&author=Xu%2CQ&author=Jarosch%2CE&author=Sch%C3%B6nitzer%2CD&author=J%C3%BCrgens%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR258">Wikby A, Johansson B, Ferguson F, Olsson J (1994) Age-related changes in immune parameters in a very old population of Swedish people: a longitudinal study. Exp Gerontol 29:531–541</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR258-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/0531-5565(94)90036-1" data-track-item_id="10.1016/0531-5565(94)90036-1" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0531-5565%2894%2990036-1" aria-label="Article reference 258" data-doi="10.1016/0531-5565(94)90036-1">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7828662" aria-label="PubMed reference 258">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2M7ivFKhuw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 258">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 258" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age-related%20changes%20in%20immune%20parameters%20in%20a%20very%20old%20population%20of%20Swedish%20people%3A%20a%20longitudinal%20study&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=29&pages=531-541&publication_year=1994&author=Wikby%2CA&author=Johansson%2CB&author=Ferguson%2CF&author=Olsson%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR259">Wikby A, Maxson P, Olsson J, Johansson B, Ferguson FG (1998) Changes in CD8 and CD4 lymphocyte subsets, T cell proliferation responses and non-survival in the very old: the Swedish longitudinal OCTO-immune study. Mech Ageing Dev 102:187–198</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR259-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00151-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00151-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0047-6374%2897%2900151-6" aria-label="Article reference 259" data-doi="10.1016/S0047-6374(97)00151-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9720651" aria-label="PubMed reference 259">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXks1OltL8%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 259">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 259" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Changes%20in%20CD8%20and%20CD4%20lymphocyte%20subsets%2C%20T%20cell%20proliferation%20responses%20and%20non-survival%20in%20the%20very%20old%3A%20the%20Swedish%20longitudinal%20OCTO-immune%20study&journal=Mech%20Ageing%20Dev&volume=102&pages=187-198&publication_year=1998&author=Wikby%2CA&author=Maxson%2CP&author=Olsson%2CJ&author=Johansson%2CB&author=Ferguson%2CFG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR260">Wikby A, Johansson B, Olsson J, Lofgren S, Nilsson BO, Ferguson F (2002) Expansions of peripheral blood CD8 T-lymphocyte subpopulations and an association with cytomegalovirus seropositivity in the elderly: the Swedish NONA immune study. Exp Gerontol 37:445–453</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR260-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00212-1" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00212-1" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0531-5565%2801%2900212-1" aria-label="Article reference 260" data-doi="10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00212-1">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11772532" aria-label="PubMed reference 260">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BD38XitlKq" aria-label="CAS reference 260">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 260" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Expansions%20of%20peripheral%20blood%20CD8%20T-lymphocyte%20subpopulations%20and%20an%20association%20with%20cytomegalovirus%20seropositivity%20in%20the%20elderly%3A%20the%20Swedish%20NONA%20immune%20study&journal=Exp%20Gerontol&volume=37&pages=445-453&publication_year=2002&author=Wikby%2CA&author=Johansson%2CB&author=Olsson%2CJ&author=Lofgren%2CS&author=Nilsson%2CBO&author=Ferguson%2CF"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR261">Wutzler P, Doerr HW (1995) Der Herpes Zoster — ein Morbus Herpes non simplex. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 120:1133–1138</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR261-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1055/s-2008-1055456" data-track-item_id="10.1055/s-2008-1055456" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1055%2Fs-2008-1055456" aria-label="Article reference 261" data-doi="10.1055/s-2008-1055456">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7656839" aria-label="PubMed reference 261">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2MXnvVKqtLs%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 261">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 261" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Der%20Herpes%20Zoster%20%E2%80%94%20ein%20Morbus%20Herpes%20non%20simplex&journal=Dtsch%20Med%20Wochenschr&volume=120&pages=1133-1138&publication_year=1995&author=Wutzler%2CP&author=Doerr%2CHW"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR262">Xu X, Beckman I, Ahern M, Bradley J (1993) A comprehensive analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in healthy aged humans by flow cytometry. Immunol Cell Biol 71:549–557</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR262-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1038/icb.1993.61" data-track-item_id="10.1038/icb.1993.61" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Ficb.1993.61" aria-label="Article reference 262" data-doi="10.1038/icb.1993.61">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=7906249" aria-label="PubMed reference 262">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 262" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=A%20comprehensive%20analysis%20of%20peripheral%20blood%20lymphocytes%20in%20healthy%20aged%20humans%20by%20flow%20cytometry&journal=Immunol%20Cell%20Biol&volume=71&pages=549-557&publication_year=1993&author=Xu%2CX&author=Beckman%2CI&author=Ahern%2CM&author=Bradley%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR263">Yancik R (1997) Cancer burden in the aged. Cancer 80:1273–1283</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR263-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971001)80:7<1273::AID-CNCR13>3.0.CO;2-4" data-track-item_id="10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971001)80:7<1273::AID-CNCR13>3.0.CO;2-4" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F%28SICI%291097-0142%2819971001%2980%3A7%3C1273%3A%3AAID-CNCR13%3E3.0.CO%3B2-4" aria-label="Article reference 263" data-doi="10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19971001)80:7<1273::AID-CNCR13>3.0.CO;2-4">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9317180" aria-label="PubMed reference 263">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADyaK2svmtFCquw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 263">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 263" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Cancer%20burden%20in%20the%20aged&journal=Cancer&volume=80&pages=1273-1283&publication_year=1997&author=Yancik%2CR"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR264">Yancik R, Ries LA (2000) Aging and cancer in America: demographic and epidemiologic perspectives. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 14:17–24</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR264-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70275-6" data-track-item_id="10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70275-6" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0889-8588%2805%2970275-6" aria-label="Article reference 264" data-doi="10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70275-6">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10680069" aria-label="PubMed reference 264">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ASTN%3A280%3ADC%252BD3c7ksVehsw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 264">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 264" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Aging%20and%20cancer%20in%20America%3A%20demographic%20and%20epidemiologic%20perspectives&journal=Hematol%20Oncol%20Clin%20North%20Am&volume=14&pages=17-24&publication_year=2000&author=Yancik%2CR&author=Ries%2CLA"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR265">Yang X, Stedra J, Cerny J (1994) Repertoire diversity of antibody response to bacterial antigens in aged mice. IV. Study of V<sub>H</sub>-V<sub>L</sub> gene utilization in splenic antibody foci by in situ hybridization. J Immunol 152:2214–2221</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR265-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8133035" aria-label="PubMed reference 265">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK2cXisVajurc%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 265">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 265" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Repertoire%20diversity%20of%20antibody%20response%20to%20bacterial%20antigens%20in%20aged%20mice.%20IV.%20Study%20of%20VH-VL%20gene%20utilization%20in%20splenic%20antibody%20foci%20by%20in%20situ%20hybridization&journal=J%20Immunol&volume=152&pages=2214-2221&publication_year=1994&author=Yang%2CX&author=Stedra%2CJ&author=Cerny%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR266">Yang X, Sterda J, Cerny J (1996) Relative contribution of T and B cells to hypermutation and selection of antibody in germinal centers of aged mice. J Exp Med 183:959–970</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR266-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1084/jem.183.3.959" data-track-item_id="10.1084/jem.183.3.959" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.183.3.959" aria-label="Article reference 266" data-doi="10.1084/jem.183.3.959">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=8642299" aria-label="PubMed reference 266">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK28XhvV2qsro%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 266">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 266" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Relative%20contribution%20of%20T%20and%20B%20cells%20to%20hypermutation%20and%20selection%20of%20antibody%20in%20germinal%20centers%20of%20aged%20mice&journal=J%20Exp%20Med&volume=183&pages=959-970&publication_year=1996&author=Yang%2CX&author=Sterda%2CJ&author=Cerny%2CJ"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR267">Zettermann RK, Belle SH, Hoofnagle JH, Lawler S, Wei Y, Everhart F, Wiesner RH, et al (1998) Age and liver transplantation. A report of the liver transplant database. Transplantation 66:500–506</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR267-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1097/00007890-199808270-00015" data-track-item_id="10.1097/00007890-199808270-00015" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1097%2F00007890-199808270-00015" aria-label="Article reference 267" data-doi="10.1097/00007890-199808270-00015">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 267" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Age%20and%20liver%20transplantation.%20A%20report%20of%20the%20liver%20transplant%20database&journal=Transplantation&volume=66&pages=500-506&publication_year=1998&author=Zettermann%2CRK&author=Belle%2CSH&author=Hoofnagle%2CJH&author=Lawler%2CS&author=Wei%2CY&author=Everhart%2CF&author=Wiesner%2CRH"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li><li class="c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item"><p class="c-article-references__text" id="ref-CR268">Zheng B, Han S, Takahashi Y, Kelsoe G (1997) Immunosenescence and germinal center reaction. Immunol Rev 160:63–77</p><p class="c-article-references__links u-hide-print" id="ref-CR268-links"><a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01028.x" data-track-item_id="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01028.x" data-track-action="Article reference" data-track-value="Article reference" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1600-065X.1997.tb01028.x" aria-label="Article reference 268" data-doi="10.1111/j.1600-065X.1997.tb01028.x">Article</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="PubMed reference" data-track-value="PubMed reference" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=9476666" aria-label="PubMed reference 268">PubMed</a> <a data-track="click_references" rel="nofollow noopener" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" data-track-action="CAS reference" data-track-value="CAS reference" href="/articles/cas-redirect/1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADyaK1cXlvVSmtw%253D%253D" aria-label="CAS reference 268">CAS</a> <a data-track="click_references" data-track-action="google scholar reference" data-track-value="google scholar reference" data-track-label="link" data-track-item_id="link" rel="nofollow noopener" aria-label="Google Scholar reference 268" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?&title=Immunosenescence%20and%20germinal%20center%20reaction&journal=Immunol%20Rev&volume=160&pages=63-77&publication_year=1997&author=Zheng%2CB&author=Han%2CS&author=Takahashi%2CY&author=Kelsoe%2CG"> Google Scholar</a> </p></li></ul><p class="c-article-references__download u-hide-print"><a data-track="click" data-track-action="download citation references" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16?format=refman&flavour=references">Download references<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium"></use></svg></a></p></div></div></div></section></div><section><div class="c-article-section" id="author-information-section"><div class="c-article-section__content" id="author-information-content"><div class="u-js-hide u-hide-print" data-test="author-info"><span class="c-article__sub-heading">Authors</span><ol class="c-article-authors-search u-list-reset"><li id="auth-Lothar-Rink"><span class="c-article-authors-search__title u-h3 js-search-name">Lothar Rink</span><div class="c-article-authors-search__list"><div class="c-article-authors-search__item c-article-authors-search__list-item--left"><a href="/search?dc.creator=Lothar%20Rink" class="c-article-button" data-track="click" data-track-action="author link - publication" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">View author publications</a></div><div class="c-article-authors-search__item c-article-authors-search__list-item--right"><p class="search-in-title-js c-article-authors-search__text">You can also search for this author in <span class="c-article-identifiers"><a class="c-article-identifiers__item" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Lothar%20Rink" data-track="click" data-track-action="author link - pubmed" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">PubMed</a><span class="u-hide"> </span><a class="c-article-identifiers__item" href="http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Lothar%20Rink%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en" data-track="click" data-track-action="author link - scholar" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">Google Scholar</a></span></p></div></div></li><li id="auth-Klaus-Dalhoff"><span class="c-article-authors-search__title u-h3 js-search-name">Klaus Dalhoff</span><div class="c-article-authors-search__list"><div class="c-article-authors-search__item c-article-authors-search__list-item--left"><a href="/search?dc.creator=Klaus%20Dalhoff" class="c-article-button" data-track="click" data-track-action="author link - publication" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">View author publications</a></div><div class="c-article-authors-search__item c-article-authors-search__list-item--right"><p class="search-in-title-js c-article-authors-search__text">You can also search for this author in <span class="c-article-identifiers"><a class="c-article-identifiers__item" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&term=Klaus%20Dalhoff" data-track="click" data-track-action="author link - pubmed" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">PubMed</a><span class="u-hide"> </span><a class="c-article-identifiers__item" href="http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?as_q=&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=any&as_sauthors=%22Klaus%20Dalhoff%22&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_allsubj=all&hl=en" data-track="click" data-track-action="author link - scholar" data-track-label="link" rel="nofollow">Google Scholar</a></span></p></div></div></li></ol></div></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="editor-information" data-title="Editor information"><div class="c-article-section" id="editor-information-section"><h2 id="editor-information" class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item">Editor information</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="editor-information-content"><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="editor-affiliations">Editors and Affiliations</h3><ol class="c-article-author-affiliation__list"><li id="Aff1"><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__address">Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13122, Berlin-Buch, Germany</p><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list">Detlev Ganten & Klaus Ruckpaul & </p></li><li id="Aff2"><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__address">Instituto Universitario de Investigación Gerontológica, Diego de León 62, E-28006, Madrid, Germany</p><p class="c-article-author-affiliation__authors-list">Antonio Ruiz-Torres </p></li></ol></div></div></section><section data-title="Rights and permissions" lang="de"><div class="c-article-section" id="rightslink-section"><h2 id="rightslink" class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item">Rights and permissions</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="rightslink-content"><p class="c-article-rights" data-test="rightslink-content"><a data-track="click" data-track-action="view rights and permissions" data-track-label="link" href="https://s100.copyright.com/AppDispatchServlet?publisherName=SpringerNature&orderBeanReset=true&orderSource=SpringerLink&title=Altersspezifische%20Ver%C3%A4nderungen%20des%20Immunsystems%20und%20deren%20assoziierte%20Krankheitsbilder&author=Lothar%20Rink%2C%20Klaus%20Dalhoff&contentID=10.1007%2F978-3-642-18741-4_16&copyright=Springer-Verlag%20Berlin%20Heidelberg&publication=eBook&publicationDate=2004&startPage=429&endPage=464&imprint=Springer-Verlag%20Berlin%20Heidelberg">Reprints and permissions</a></p></div></div></section><section data-title="Copyright information"><div class="c-article-section" id="copyright-information-section"><h2 id="copyright-information" class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item">Copyright information</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="copyright-information-content"><p>© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg</p></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="chapter-info" data-title="About this chapter" lang="de"><div class="c-article-section" id="chapter-info-section"><h2 id="chapter-info" class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item">About this chapter</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="chapter-info-content"><div class="c-bibliographic-information"><div class="c-bibliographic-information__column"><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading" id="citeas">Cite this chapter</h3><p class="c-bibliographic-information__citation" data-test="bibliographic-information__cite_this_chapter">Rink, L., Dalhoff, K. (2004). Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder. In: Ganten, D., Ruckpaul, K., Ruiz-Torres, A. (eds) Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen. Molekulare Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16</p><h3 class="c-bibliographic-information__download-citation u-mb-8 u-mt-16 u-hide-print">Download citation</h3><ul class="c-bibliographic-information__download-citation-list"><li class="c-bibliographic-information__download-citation-item"><a data-test="citation-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="download chapter citation" data-track-label="link" data-track-external="" title="Download this article's citation as a .RIS file" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16?format=refman&flavour=citation">.RIS<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium"></use></svg></a></li><li class="c-bibliographic-information__download-citation-item"><a data-test="citation-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="download chapter citation" data-track-label="link" data-track-external="" title="Download this article's citation as a .ENW file" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16?format=endnote&flavour=citation">.ENW<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium"></use></svg></a></li><li class="c-bibliographic-information__download-citation-item"><a data-test="citation-link" data-track="click" data-track-action="download chapter citation" data-track-label="link" data-track-external="" title="Download this article's citation as a .BIB file" rel="nofollow" href="https://citation-needed.springer.com/v2/references/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16?format=bibtex&flavour=citation">.BIB<svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-download-medium"></use></svg></a></li></ul><ul class="c-bibliographic-information__list u-mb-24" data-test="publication-history"><li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item c-bibliographic-information__list-item--chapter-doi"><p data-test="bibliographic-information__doi"><abbr title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</abbr><span class="u-hide">: </span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16</span></p></li><li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p data-test="bibliographic-information__publisher-name"> Publisher Name<span class="u-hide">: </span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value">Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg</span></p></li><li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p data-test="bibliographic-information__pisbn"> Print ISBN<span class="u-hide">: </span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value">978-3-642-62272-4</span></p></li><li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p data-test="bibliographic-information__eisbn"> Online ISBN<span class="u-hide">: </span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__value">978-3-642-18741-4</span></p></li><li class="c-bibliographic-information__list-item"><p data-test="bibliographic-information__package">eBook Packages<span class="u-hide">: </span><span class="c-bibliographic-information__multi-value"><a href="https://metadata.springernature.com/metadata/books ">Springer Book Archive</a></span></p></li></ul><div data-component="share-box"><div class="c-article-share-box u-display-none" hidden=""><h3 class="c-article__sub-heading">Share this chapter</h3><p class="c-article-share-box__description">Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:</p><button class="js-get-share-url c-article-share-box__button" id="get-share-url" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-external="" data-track-action="get shareable link">Get shareable link</button><div class="js-no-share-url-container u-display-none" hidden=""><p class="js-c-article-share-box__no-sharelink-info c-article-share-box__no-sharelink-info">Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.</p></div><div class="js-share-url-container u-display-none" hidden=""><p class="js-share-url c-article-share-box__only-read-input" id="share-url" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="select share url"></p><button class="js-copy-share-url c-article-share-box__button--link-like" id="copy-share-url" data-track="click" data-track-label="button" data-track-action="copy share url" data-track-external="">Copy to clipboard</button></div><p class="js-c-article-share-box__additional-info c-article-share-box__additional-info"> Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative </p></div></div><div data-component="chapter-info-list"></div></div></div></div></div></section><section aria-labelledby="publish-with-us" data-title="Publish with us" lang="de"><div class="c-article-section" id="publish-with-us-section"><h2 id="publish-with-us" class="c-article-section__title js-section-title js-c-reading-companion-sections-item">Publish with us</h2><div class="c-article-section__content" id="publish-with-us-content"><p><a class="app-article-policy-section-external-link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/policies/book-publishing-policies" data-track="click" data-track-action="publishing policies" data-track-label="link">Policies and ethics</a><svg width="16" height="16" focusable="false" role="img" aria-hidden="true" class="u-icon app-article-policy-section-external-link-icon"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-external-link-small"></use></svg></p></div></div></section> </div> </article> </main> <div class="c-article-sidebar u-text-sm u-hide-print l-with-sidebar__sidebar" id="sidebar" data-container-type="reading-companion" data-track-component="reading companion"> <aside> <div data-test="editorial-summary"> </div> <div class="c-reading-companion"> <div class="c-reading-companion__sticky" data-component="reading-companion-sticky" data-test="reading-companion-sticky"> <div data-test="access-chapter-desktop" class="app-article-access"> <h2 class="app-article-access__heading">Access this chapter</h2> <div class="u-ma-16 u-clear-both"> <a href="//wayf.springernature.com?redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-642-18741-4_16%3Ferror%3Dcookies_not_supported%26code%3D93e35a33-8d5d-4b0a-b717-1f7a6c8f1e84" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-justify-content-space-between c-pdf-download__link" data-track="click" data-track-action="institution access" data-track-label="button"> <span data-test="access-via-institution">Log in via an institution</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg> </a> </div> <div data-test="buy-box-desktop"> <div class="sprcom-buybox-darwin sprcom-buybox-darwin-b buybox" id="sprcom-buybox-darwin-b"> <div> <div class="c-springer-plus"> <h2 class="springer-plus-heading">Subscribe and save</h2> <div class="springer-plus"> <div class="springer-plus-headline"> <div class="springer-plus-title"> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-check-filled-medium"></use> </svg><span>Springer+ Basic</span> </div> <div class="dd price-amount-springer-plus"> €32.70 /Month </div> </div> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Get 10 units per month</li> <li>Download Article/Chapter or eBook</li> <li>1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter</li> <li>Cancel anytime</li> </ul><a href="https://link.springer.com/product/springer-plus" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--secondary" id="btn-subscribe-springerPlus" data-track="click||click_springer_subscribe" data-track-context="buy box"> <span>Subscribe now </span> <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></a> </div> <h2 class="springer-plus-heading-end">Buy Now</h2> </div> <div class="c-box"> <div class="buying-options"> <div class="buying-option expanded"> <dl class="buying-option-price"> <dt> <svg width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M11.782 11L9.3 8.518c-.393-.392-.4-1.022-.02-1.403a1.001 1.001 0 011.417 0l4.176 4.177a1.001 1.001 0 010 1.416l-4.176 4.177a.991.991 0 01-1.4.016 1 1 0 01.003-1.42L11.782 13l1.013-.998L11.782 11z" fill="#666" fill-rule="evenodd"></path> </svg> Chapter </dt> <dd class="price-amount"> <div data-test-id="test-chapter-price" class="buybox__price"> EUR 29.95 </div> </dd> <dd class="price-info"> Price includes VAT (Hong Kong/P.R.China) </dd> </dl> <form class="buying-option-form" action="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="type" value="chapter"> <input type="hidden" name="doi" value="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16"> <input type="hidden" name="isxn" value="978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="contenttitle" value="Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder"> <input type="hidden" name="copyrightyear" value="2004"> <input type="hidden" name="year" value=""> <input type="hidden" name="authors" value="Lothar Rink, Klaus Dalhoff"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen"> <input type="hidden" name="mac" value="b387d10d11ebdf223e0137ccb575e2e6"> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Available as PDF</li> <li>Read on any device</li> <li>Instant download</li> <li>Own it forever</li> </ul> <button type="submit" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-button--xsmall" value="Submit" data-track="click" data-track-prefer="click" data-track-action="buy pdf" data-track-label="buy chapter action" onclick="dataLayer.push({"event":"addToCart","ecommerce":{"currencyCode":"EUR","add":{"products":[{"name":"Altersspezifische Veränderungen des Immunsystems und deren assoziierte Krankheitsbilder","id":"10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4_16","price":29.95,"brand":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","category":"Biomedical Research","variant":"ppv-chapter","quantity":1}]}}});">Buy Chapter <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></button> </form> </div> <div class="buying-option expanded"> <dl class="buying-option-price"> <dt> <svg width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M11.782 11L9.3 8.518c-.393-.392-.4-1.022-.02-1.403a1.001 1.001 0 011.417 0l4.176 4.177a1.001 1.001 0 010 1.416l-4.176 4.177a.991.991 0 01-1.4.016 1 1 0 01.003-1.42L11.782 13l1.013-.998L11.782 11z" fill="#666" fill-rule="evenodd"></path> </svg> eBook </dt> <dd class="price-amount"> EUR 86.99 </dd> <dd class="price-info"> Price includes VAT (Hong Kong/P.R.China) </dd> </dl> <form class="buying-option-form" action="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="type" value="ebook"> <input type="hidden" name="doi" value="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="isxn" value="978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="contenttitle" value="Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen"> <input type="hidden" name="mac" value="a0395247581a508db1544335dd0dc1a6"> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Available as PDF</li> <li>Read on any device</li> <li>Instant download</li> <li>Own it forever</li> </ul> <button type="submit" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-button--xsmall" value="Submit" data-track="click" data-track-prefer="click" data-track-label="buy ebook" onclick="dataLayer.push({"event":"addToCart","ecommerce":{"currencyCode":"EUR","add":{"products":[{"name":"Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen","id":"978-3-642-18741-4","price":81.30,"brand":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","category":"Biomedical Research","variant":"ebo","quantity":1}]}}});">Buy eBook <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></button> </form> </div> <div class="buying-option expanded"> <dl class="buying-option-price"> <dt> <svg width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <path d="M11.782 11L9.3 8.518c-.393-.392-.4-1.022-.02-1.403a1.001 1.001 0 011.417 0l4.176 4.177a1.001 1.001 0 010 1.416l-4.176 4.177a.991.991 0 01-1.4.016 1 1 0 01.003-1.42L11.782 13l1.013-.998L11.782 11z" fill="#666" fill-rule="evenodd"></path> </svg> Softcover Book </dt> <dd class="price-amount"> EUR 102.79 </dd> <dd class="price-info"> Price excludes VAT (Hong Kong/P.R.China) </dd> </dl> <form class="buying-option-form" action="https://order.springer.com/public/cart" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="type" value="book"> <input type="hidden" name="doi" value="10.1007/978-3-642-18741-4"> <input type="hidden" name="isxn" value="978-3-642-62272-4"> <input type="hidden" name="contenttitle" value="Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen"> <input type="hidden" name="mac" value="22f4e1c531942c9d52c52057ccf8877e"> <ul class="buying-option-usps"> <li>Compact, lightweight edition</li> <li>Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days</li> <li>Free shipping worldwide - <a href="https://support.springernature.com/en/support/solutions/articles/6000233448-coronavirus-disease-covid-19-delivery-information" target="_blank">see info</a></li> </ul> <button type="submit" class="u-button u-button--full-width u-button--primary u-button--xsmall" value="Submit" data-track="click" data-track-prefer="click" data-track-label="buy softcover" onclick="dataLayer.push({"event":"addToCart","ecommerce":{"currencyCode":"EUR","add":{"products":[{"name":"Molekularmedizinische Grundlagen von altersspezifischen Erkrankungen","id":"978-3-642-62272-4","price":102.79,"brand":"Springer Berlin Heidelberg","category":"Biomedical Research","variant":"print","quantity":1}]}}});">Buy Softcover Book <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="16" height="16" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg></button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="buybox-tax-info"> <p class="c-notes__text tax-info">Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout</p> <p class="c-notes__text buybox-additional-info">Purchases are for personal use only</p> </div> </div> <style> .c-springer-plus { display: none; } .springer-plus { background-color: #EBF6FF; padding: 16px; font-family: "Merriweather Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; } .springer-plus-headline { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; } .springer-plus-heading { border-bottom: 1px solid #c5e0f4; border-top: 1px solid #c5e0f4; font-family: "Merriweather Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; text-align: center; font-weight: 700; padding: 16px; margin: 0; } .springer-plus-heading-end { border-top: 1px solid #c5e0f4; font-family: "Merriweather Sans", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1.125rem; text-align: center; font-weight: 700; padding: 16px; margin: 0; } .springer-plus-title { display: flex; align-items: center; } .springer-plus-title span { margin-left: 8px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a { color: #025e8d; font-size: 16px; background-color: #fff; border: 1px solid #025e8d; font-weight: 700; max-height: 44px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a span { margin-right: 8px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a:hover { color: #fff; background-color: #025e8d; border: 4px solid #025e8d; box-shadow: none; font-weight: 700; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a:visited { color: #025e8d; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus a:visited:hover { color: #fff; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .springer-plus .buying-option-usps { color: #555; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0; padding-left: 0; list-style: none; padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom: 24px; border-top: 0; } /* end of springer-plus */ .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b > div { flex-grow: 1; width: 100%; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-options { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 0; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-options > * { background-color: #F0F7FC; flex-grow: 1; flex-basis: auto; width: 360px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedbe0; border-top: 1px solid #cedbe0; margin-top: -1px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b dt { align-items: center; display: flex; font-weight: 700; margin-left: -10px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-form { padding: 0 16px 16px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-form button { gap: 8px; margin: 20px 0px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price { align-items: center; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.4; user-select: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 24px; margin: 0; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price:focus { outline: 4px solid #08c; z-index: 1; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt, .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt svg path { color: #025e8d; fill: #025e8d; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt, .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dd { flex-grow: 1; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price dt svg { height: auto; min-width: 24px; margin-right: 12px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-info { color: #555; font-size: .875rem; text-align: right; width: 100%; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-amount { color: #555; text-align: right; font-weight: 600; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-amount-without-discount { color: #c40606; text-decoration: line-through; width: 100%; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-price .price-type { font-size: 40%; margin-left: 8px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps { color: #555; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0; padding-left: 0; list-style: none; padding-top: 16px; border-top: 1px solid #f0f0f0; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps > li { position: relative; padding-left: 26px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps > li::before { position: absolute; content: ""; left: 0; top: calc(0.8em - 5px); background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 100 100' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' fill='%230070A8'%3E%3Ccircle cx='50' cy='50' r='50'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"); width: 10px; height: 10px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-option-usps > li:not(:first-child) { margin-top: 4px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buying-options > .expanded { background-color: #fff; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b dl { } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b a:visited { color: #004b83; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b [aria-expanded=false] svg { transform: rotate(90deg) scale(1.5); } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b [aria-expanded=true] svg { transform: rotate(270deg) scale(1.5); } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b dt { align-items: center; display: flex; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b style { display: none; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buybox-tax-info { text-align: center; padding: 16px; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .tax-info, .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buybox-additional-info { font-size: .875rem; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .buybox-additional-info { font-weight: 600; } .sprcom-buybox-darwin-b .u-button--primary.u-button--xsmall { font-size: .875rem; padding: 2px 8px; } </style> <script> ;(function () { var timestamp = Date.now() document.write('<div data-id="id_'+ timestamp +'"></div>') var buybox = document.querySelector("[data-id=id_"+ timestamp +"]").parentNode var buyingOptions = buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option") ;[].slice.call(buyingOptions).forEach(initCollapsibles) // springerPlus roll out 10% starts here var springerPlusGroup = setLocalStorageSpringerPlus(); var rollOutSpringerPlus = springerPlusGroup === "B" function setLocalStorageSpringerPlus() { var selectUserKey = "springerPlusRollOut"; var springerPlusGroup = "X"; if (!window.localStorage) return springerPlusGroup; try { var selectUserValue = window.localStorage.getItem(selectUserKey) springerPlusGroup = selectUserValue || randomDistributionSpringerPlus(selectUserKey) } catch (err) { console.log(err) } return springerPlusGroup; } function randomDistributionSpringerPlus(selectUserKey) { var randomGroup = Math.random() < 0.7 ? "A" : "B" window.localStorage.setItem(selectUserKey, randomGroup) return randomGroup } if (rollOutSpringerPlus) { revealSpringerPlus(); } function revealSpringerPlus() { if(buybox) { document.querySelectorAll(".c-springer-plus").forEach(function(node) { node.style.display = "block" }) } } //springerPlus ends here var buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth = 480 function initCollapsibles(subscription, index) { var toggle = subscription.querySelector(".buying-option-price") subscription.classList.remove("expanded") var form = subscription.querySelector(".buying-option-form") var priceInfo = subscription.querySelector(".price-info") var buyingOption = toggle.parentElement if (toggle && form && priceInfo) { toggle.setAttribute("role", "button") toggle.setAttribute("tabindex", "0") toggle.addEventListener("click", function (event) { var expandedBuyingOptions = buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option.expanded") var buyboxWidth = buybox.offsetWidth ;[].slice.call(expandedBuyingOptions).forEach(function(option) { if (buyboxWidth <= buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth && option != buyingOption) { hideBuyingOption(option) } }) var expanded = toggle.getAttribute("aria-expanded") === "true" || false toggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", !expanded) form.hidden = expanded if (!expanded) { buyingOption.classList.add("expanded") } else { buyingOption.classList.remove("expanded") } priceInfo.hidden = expanded }, false) } } function hideBuyingOption(buyingOption) { var toggle = buyingOption.querySelector(".buying-option-price") var form = buyingOption.querySelector(".buying-option-form") var priceInfo = buyingOption.querySelector(".price-info") toggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", false) form.hidden = true buyingOption.classList.remove("expanded") priceInfo.hidden = true } function initKeyControls() { document.addEventListener("keydown", function (event) { if (document.activeElement.classList.contains("buying-option-price") && (event.code === "Space" || event.code === "Enter")) { if (document.activeElement) { event.preventDefault() document.activeElement.click() } } }, false) } function initialStateOpen() { var buyboxWidth = buybox.offsetWidth ;[].slice.call(buybox.querySelectorAll(".buying-option")).forEach(function (option, index) { var toggle = option.querySelector(".buying-option-price") var form = option.querySelector(".buying-option-form") var priceInfo = option.querySelector(".price-info") if (buyboxWidth > buyboxMaxSingleColumnWidth) { toggle.click() } else { if (index === 0) { toggle.click() } else { toggle.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "false") form.hidden = "hidden" priceInfo.hidden = "hidden" } } }) } initialStateOpen() if (window.buyboxInitialised) return window.buyboxInitialised = true initKeyControls() })() </script> <script> ;(function () { if (document.cookie.indexOf("feature-monetise-subscriptions-display-springer-plus") > -1) { document.querySelectorAll(".c-springer-plus").forEach(function(node) { node.style.display = "block" }) } })() </script> </div> </div> <div class="app-article-access__subscriptions"> <p><a href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians/licensing/agc/ebooks">Institutional subscriptions <svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" width="24" height="24" class="u-icon"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium"></use> </svg> </a></p> </div> </div> <div class="c-reading-companion__panel c-reading-companion__sections c-reading-companion__panel--active" id="tabpanel-sections"></div> <div class="c-reading-companion__panel c-reading-companion__figures c-reading-companion__panel--full-width" id="tabpanel-figures"></div> <div class="c-reading-companion__panel c-reading-companion__references c-reading-companion__panel--full-width" id="tabpanel-references"></div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <div class="app-elements"> <div class="eds-c-header__expander eds-c-header__expander--search" id="eds-c-header-popup-search"> <h2 class="eds-c-header__heading">Search</h2> <div class="u-container"> <search class="eds-c-header__search" role="search" aria-label="Search from the header"> <form method="GET" action="//link.springer.com/search" data-test="header-search" data-track="search" data-track-context="search from header" data-track-action="submit search form" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="form" > <label for="eds-c-header-search" class="eds-c-header__search-label">Search by keyword or author</label> <div class="eds-c-header__search-container"> <input id="eds-c-header-search" class="eds-c-header__search-input" autocomplete="off" name="query" type="search" value="" required> <button class="eds-c-header__search-button" type="submit"> <svg class="eds-c-header__icon" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"> <use xlink:href="#icon-eds-i-search-medium"></use> </svg> <span class="u-visually-hidden">Search</span> </button> </div> </form> </search> </div> </div> <div class="eds-c-header__expander eds-c-header__expander--menu" id="eds-c-header-nav"> <h2 class="eds-c-header__heading">Navigation</h2> <ul class="eds-c-header__list"> <li class="eds-c-header__list-item"> <a class="eds-c-header__link" href="https://link.springer.com/journals/" data-track="nav_find_a_journal" data-track-context="unified header" data-track-action="click find a journal" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="link" > Find a journal </a> </li> <li class="eds-c-header__list-item"> <a class="eds-c-header__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors" data-track="nav_how_to_publish" data-track-context="unified header" data-track-action="click publish with us link" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="link" > Publish with us </a> </li> <li class="eds-c-header__list-item"> <a class="eds-c-header__link" href="https://link.springernature.com/home/" data-track="nav_track_your_research" data-track-context="unified header" data-track-action="click track your research" data-track-category="unified header" data-track-label="link" > Track your research </a> </li> </ul> </div> <footer > <div class="eds-c-footer" > <div class="eds-c-footer__container"> <div class="eds-c-footer__grid eds-c-footer__group--separator"> <div class="eds-c-footer__group"> <h3 class="eds-c-footer__heading">Discover content</h3> <ul class="eds-c-footer__list"> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://link.springer.com/journals/a/1" data-track="nav_journals_a_z" data-track-action="journals a-z" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Journals A-Z</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://link.springer.com/books/a/1" data-track="nav_books_a_z" data-track-action="books a-z" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Books A-Z</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="eds-c-footer__group"> <h3 class="eds-c-footer__heading">Publish with us</h3> <ul class="eds-c-footer__list"> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://link.springer.com/journals" data-track="nav_journal_finder" data-track-action="journal finder" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Journal finder</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors" data-track="nav_publish_your_research" data-track-action="publish your research" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Publish your research</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/about/the-fundamentals-of-open-access-and-open-research" data-track="nav_open_access_publishing" data-track-action="open access publishing" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Open access publishing</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="eds-c-footer__group"> <h3 class="eds-c-footer__heading">Products and services</h3> <ul class="eds-c-footer__list"> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/products" data-track="nav_our_products" data-track-action="our products" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Our products</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/librarians" data-track="nav_librarians" data-track-action="librarians" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Librarians</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/societies" data-track="nav_societies" data-track-action="societies" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Societies</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/partners" data-track="nav_partners_and_advertisers" data-track-action="partners and advertisers" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Partners and advertisers</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="eds-c-footer__group"> <h3 class="eds-c-footer__heading">Our imprints</h3> <ul class="eds-c-footer__list"> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springer.com/" data-track="nav_imprint_Springer" data-track-action="Springer" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Springer</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.nature.com/" data-track="nav_imprint_Nature_Portfolio" data-track-action="Nature Portfolio" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Nature Portfolio</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.biomedcentral.com/" data-track="nav_imprint_BMC" data-track-action="BMC" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">BMC</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.palgrave.com/" data-track="nav_imprint_Palgrave_Macmillan" data-track-action="Palgrave Macmillan" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Palgrave Macmillan</a></li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"><a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.apress.com/" data-track="nav_imprint_Apress" data-track-action="Apress" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Apress</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="eds-c-footer__container"> <nav aria-label="footer navigation"> <ul class="eds-c-footer__links"> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"> <button class="eds-c-footer__link" data-cc-action="preferences" data-track="dialog_manage_cookies" data-track-action="Manage cookies" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link"><span class="eds-c-footer__button-text">Your privacy choices/Manage cookies</span></button> </li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"> <a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/legal/ccpa" data-track="nav_california_privacy_statement" data-track-action="california privacy statement" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Your US state privacy rights</a> </li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"> <a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://www.springernature.com/gp/info/accessibility" data-track="nav_accessibility_statement" data-track-action="accessibility statement" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Accessibility statement</a> </li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"> <a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://link.springer.com/termsandconditions" data-track="nav_terms_and_conditions" data-track-action="terms and conditions" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Terms and conditions</a> </li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"> <a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://link.springer.com/privacystatement" data-track="nav_privacy_policy" data-track-action="privacy policy" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Privacy policy</a> </li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"> <a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://support.springernature.com/en/support/home" data-track="nav_help_and_support" data-track-action="help and support" data-track-context="unified footer" data-track-label="link">Help and support</a> </li> <li class="eds-c-footer__item"> <a class="eds-c-footer__link" href="https://support.springernature.com/en/support/solutions/articles/6000255911-subscription-cancellations" data-track-action="cancel contracts here">Cancel contracts here</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="eds-c-footer__user"> <p class="eds-c-footer__user-info"> <span data-test="footer-user-ip">8.222.208.146</span> </p> <p class="eds-c-footer__user-info" data-test="footer-business-partners">Not affiliated</p> </div> <a href="https://www.springernature.com/" class="eds-c-footer__link"> <img src="/oscar-static/images/logo-springernature-white-19dd4ba190.svg" alt="Springer Nature" loading="lazy" width="200" height="20"/> </a> <p class="eds-c-footer__legal" data-test="copyright">© 2024 Springer Nature</p> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="u-visually-hidden" aria-hidden="true" data-test="darwin-icons"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><symbol id="icon-eds-i-accesses-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.59 1a1 1 0 0 1 .706.291l5.41 5.385a1 1 0 0 1 .294.709v13.077c0 .674-.269 1.32-.747 1.796a2.549 2.549 0 0 1-1.798.742H15a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h4.455a.549.549 0 0 0 .387-.16.535.535 0 0 0 .158-.378V7.8L15.178 3H5.545a.543.543 0 0 0-.538.451L5 3.538v8.607a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V3.538A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 5.545 1h10.046ZM8 13c2.052 0 4.66 1.61 6.36 3.4l.124.141c.333.41.516.925.516 1.459 0 .6-.232 1.178-.64 1.599C12.666 21.388 10.054 23 8 23c-2.052 0-4.66-1.61-6.353-3.393A2.31 2.31 0 0 1 1 18c0-.6.232-1.178.64-1.6C3.34 14.61 5.948 13 8 13Zm0 2c-1.369 0-3.552 1.348-4.917 2.785A.31.31 0 0 0 3 18c0 .083.031.161.09.222C4.447 19.652 6.631 21 8 21c1.37 0 3.556-1.35 4.917-2.785A.31.31 0 0 0 13 18a.32.32 0 0 0-.048-.17l-.042-.052C11.553 16.348 9.369 15 8 15Zm0 1a2 2 0 1 1 0 4 2 2 0 0 1 0-4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-altmetric-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c5.978 0 10.843 4.77 10.996 10.712l.004.306-.002.022-.002.248C22.843 18.23 17.978 23 12 23 5.925 23 1 18.075 1 12S5.925 1 12 1Zm-1.726 9.246L8.848 12.53a1 1 0 0 1-.718.461L8.003 13l-4.947.014a9.001 9.001 0 0 0 17.887-.001L16.553 13l-2.205 3.53a1 1 0 0 1-1.735-.068l-.05-.11-2.289-6.106ZM12 3a9.001 9.001 0 0 0-8.947 8.013l4.391-.012L9.652 7.47a1 1 0 0 1 1.784.179l2.288 6.104 1.428-2.283a1 1 0 0 1 .722-.462l.129-.008 4.943.012A9.001 9.001 0 0 0 12 3Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-bend-down-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m11.852 20.989.058.007L12 21l.075-.003.126-.017.111-.03.111-.044.098-.052.104-.074.082-.073 6-6a1 1 0 0 0-1.414-1.414L13 17.585v-12.2C13 4.075 11.964 3 10.667 3H4a1 1 0 1 0 0 2h6.667c.175 0 .333.164.333.385v12.2l-4.293-4.292a1 1 0 0 0-1.32-.083l-.094.083a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.414l6 6c.035.036.073.068.112.097l.11.071.114.054.105.035.118.025Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-bend-down-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M1 2a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h5v8.585L3.707 8.293a1 1 0 0 0-1.32-.083l-.094.083a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.414l5 5 .063.059.093.069.081.048.105.048.104.035.105.022.096.01h.136l.122-.018.113-.03.103-.04.1-.053.102-.07.052-.043 5.04-5.037a1 1 0 1 0-1.415-1.414L9 11.583V3a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2a1 1 0 0 0-1 1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-bend-up-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m11.852 3.011.058-.007L12 3l.075.003.126.017.111.03.111.044.098.052.104.074.082.073 6 6a1 1 0 1 1-1.414 1.414L13 6.415v12.2C13 19.925 11.964 21 10.667 21H4a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h6.667c.175 0 .333-.164.333-.385v-12.2l-4.293 4.292a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.083l-.094-.083a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414l6-6c.035-.036.073-.068.112-.097l.11-.071.114-.054.105-.035.118-.025Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-bend-up-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M1 13.998a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5V4.413L3.707 7.705a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.084l-.094-.084a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414l5-5 .063-.059.093-.068.081-.05.105-.047.104-.035.105-.022L7.94 1l.136.001.122.017.113.03.103.04.1.053.102.07.052.043 5.04 5.037a1 1 0 1 1-1.415 1.414L9 4.415v8.583a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-diagonal-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14 3h6l.075.003.126.017.111.03.111.044.098.052.096.067.09.08c.036.035.068.073.097.112l.071.11.054.114.035.105.03.148L21 4v6a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V6.414l-4.293 4.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L17.584 5H14a1 1 0 0 1-.993-.883L13 4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1ZM4 13a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3.584l4.293-4.291a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414L6.414 19H10a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L11 20a1 1 0 0 1-1 1l-6.075-.003-.126-.017-.111-.03-.111-.044-.098-.052-.096-.067-.09-.08a1.01 1.01 0 0 1-.097-.112l-.071-.11-.054-.114-.035-.105-.025-.118-.007-.058L3 20v-6a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-diagonal-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="m2 15-.082-.004-.119-.016-.111-.03-.111-.044-.098-.052-.096-.067-.09-.08a1.008 1.008 0 0 1-.097-.112l-.071-.11-.031-.062-.034-.081-.024-.076-.025-.118-.007-.058L1 14.02V9a1 1 0 1 1 2 0v2.584l2.793-2.791a1 1 0 1 1 1.414 1.414L4.414 13H7a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L8 14a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2ZM14 1l.081.003.12.017.111.03.111.044.098.052.096.067.09.08c.036.035.068.073.097.112l.071.11.031.062.034.081.024.076.03.148L15 2v5a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V4.414l-2.96 2.96A1 1 0 1 1 8.626 5.96L11.584 3H9a1 1 0 0 1-.993-.883L8 2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-down-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m20.707 12.728-7.99 7.98a.996.996 0 0 1-.561.281l-.157.011a.998.998 0 0 1-.788-.384l-7.918-7.908a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-1.416L11 17.576V4a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v13.598l6.293-6.285a1 1 0 0 1 1.32-.082l.095.083a1 1 0 0 1-.001 1.414Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-down-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="m1.293 8.707 6 6 .063.059.093.069.081.048.105.049.104.034.056.013.118.017L8 15l.076-.003.122-.017.113-.03.085-.032.063-.03.098-.058.06-.043.05-.043 6.04-6.037a1 1 0 0 0-1.414-1.414L9 11.583V2a1 1 0 1 0-2 0v9.585L2.707 7.293a1 1 0 0 0-1.32-.083l-.094.083a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.414Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-left-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m11.272 3.293-7.98 7.99a.996.996 0 0 0-.281.561L3 12.001c0 .32.15.605.384.788l7.908 7.918a1 1 0 0 0 1.416-1.414L6.424 13H20a1 1 0 0 0 0-2H6.402l6.285-6.293a1 1 0 0 0 .082-1.32l-.083-.095a1 1 0 0 0-1.414.001Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-left-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="m7.293 1.293-6 6-.059.063-.069.093-.048.081-.049.105-.034.104-.013.056-.017.118L1 8l.003.076.017.122.03.113.032.085.03.063.058.098.043.06.043.05 6.037 6.04a1 1 0 0 0 1.414-1.414L4.417 9H14a1 1 0 0 0 0-2H4.415l4.292-4.293a1 1 0 0 0 .083-1.32l-.083-.094a1 1 0 0 0-1.414 0Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-right-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.728 3.293 7.98 7.99a.996.996 0 0 1 .281.561l.011.157c0 .32-.15.605-.384.788l-7.908 7.918a1 1 0 0 1-1.416-1.414L17.576 13H4a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h13.598l-6.285-6.293a1 1 0 0 1-.082-1.32l.083-.095a1 1 0 0 1 1.414.001Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-right-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="m8.707 1.293 6 6 .059.063.069.093.048.081.049.105.034.104.013.056.017.118L15 8l-.003.076-.017.122-.03.113-.032.085-.03.063-.058.098-.043.06-.043.05-6.037 6.04a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L11.583 9H2a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h9.585L7.293 2.707a1 1 0 0 1-.083-1.32l.083-.094a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-up-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m3.293 11.272 7.99-7.98a.996.996 0 0 1 .561-.281L12.001 3c.32 0 .605.15.788.384l7.918 7.908a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.416L13 6.424V20a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V6.402l-6.293 6.285a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.082l-.095-.083a1 1 0 0 1 .001-1.414Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-arrow-up-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="m1.293 7.293 6-6 .063-.059.093-.069.081-.048.105-.049.104-.034.056-.013.118-.017L8 1l.076.003.122.017.113.03.085.032.063.03.098.058.06.043.05.043 6.04 6.037a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L9 4.417V14a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V4.415L2.707 8.707a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.083l-.094-.083a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-article-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8 7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h4a1 1 0 1 0 0-2H8ZM8 11a1 1 0 1 0 0 2h8a1 1 0 1 0 0-2H8ZM7 16a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h8a1 1 0 1 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 0 1-1-1Z"/><path d="M5.545 1A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 3 3.538v16.924A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 5.545 23h12.91A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 21 20.462V3.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 18.5 1H5.545ZM5 3.538C5 3.245 5.24 3 5.545 3H18.5a.5.5 0 0 1 .5.5v16.962c0 .293-.24.538-.546.538H5.545A.542.542 0 0 1 5 20.462V3.538Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-book-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.5 1A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 21 3.5v12c0 1.16-.79 2.135-1.86 2.418l-.14.031V21h1a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L21 22a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H6.5A3.5 3.5 0 0 1 3 19.5v-15A3.5 3.5 0 0 1 6.5 1h12ZM17 18H6.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0-1.493 1.356L5 19.5A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 6.5 21H17v-3Zm1.5-15h-12A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 5 4.5v11.837l.054-.025a3.481 3.481 0 0 1 1.254-.307L6.5 16h12a.5.5 0 0 0 .492-.41L19 15.5v-12a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5ZM15 6a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H9a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-book-series-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M1 3.786C1 2.759 1.857 2 2.82 2H6.18c.964 0 1.82.759 1.82 1.786V4h3.168c.668 0 1.298.364 1.616.938.158-.109.333-.195.523-.252l3.216-.965c.923-.277 1.962.204 2.257 1.187l4.146 13.82c.296.984-.307 1.957-1.23 2.234l-3.217.965c-.923.277-1.962-.203-2.257-1.187L13 10.005v10.21c0 1.04-.878 1.785-1.834 1.785H7.833c-.291 0-.575-.07-.83-.195A1.849 1.849 0 0 1 6.18 22H2.821C1.857 22 1 21.241 1 20.214V3.786ZM3 4v11h3V4H3Zm0 16v-3h3v3H3Zm15.075-.04-.814-2.712 2.874-.862.813 2.712-2.873.862Zm1.485-5.49-2.874.862-2.634-8.782 2.873-.862 2.635 8.782ZM8 20V6h3v14H8Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-calendar-acceptance-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1h1.5C20.817 4 22 5.183 22 6.5v13c0 1.317-1.183 2.5-2.5 2.5h-15C3.183 22 2 20.817 2 19.5v-13C2 5.183 3.183 4 4.5 4a1 1 0 1 1 0 2c-.212 0-.5.288-.5.5v13c0 .212.288.5.5.5h15c.212 0 .5-.288.5-.5v-13c0-.212-.288-.5-.5-.5H18v1a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-.534 7.747a1 1 0 0 1 .094 1.412l-4.846 5.538a1 1 0 0 1-1.352.141l-2.77-2.076a1 1 0 0 1 1.2-1.6l2.027 1.519 4.236-4.84a1 1 0 0 1 1.411-.094ZM7.5 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1H14a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8.5v1a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-calendar-date-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1h1.5C20.817 4 22 5.183 22 6.5v13c0 1.317-1.183 2.5-2.5 2.5h-15C3.183 22 2 20.817 2 19.5v-13C2 5.183 3.183 4 4.5 4a1 1 0 1 1 0 2c-.212 0-.5.288-.5.5v13c0 .212.288.5.5.5h15c.212 0 .5-.288.5-.5v-13c0-.212-.288-.5-.5-.5H18v1a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1ZM8 15a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2Zm4 0a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2Zm-4-4a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2Zm4 0a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2Zm4 0a1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 0 1 0-2ZM7.5 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1H14a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8.5v1a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-calendar-decision-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1h1.5C20.817 4 22 5.183 22 6.5v13c0 1.317-1.183 2.5-2.5 2.5h-15C3.183 22 2 20.817 2 19.5v-13C2 5.183 3.183 4 4.5 4a1 1 0 1 1 0 2c-.212 0-.5.288-.5.5v13c0 .212.288.5.5.5h15c.212 0 .5-.288.5-.5v-13c0-.212-.288-.5-.5-.5H18v1a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-2.935 8.246 2.686 2.645c.34.335.34.883 0 1.218l-2.686 2.645a.858.858 0 0 1-1.213-.009.854.854 0 0 1 .009-1.21l1.05-1.035H7.984a.992.992 0 0 1-.984-1c0-.552.44-1 .984-1h5.928l-1.051-1.036a.854.854 0 0 1-.085-1.121l.076-.088a.858.858 0 0 1 1.213-.009ZM7.5 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1H14a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8.5v1a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-calendar-impact-factor-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1h1.5C20.817 4 22 5.183 22 6.5v13c0 1.317-1.183 2.5-2.5 2.5h-15C3.183 22 2 20.817 2 19.5v-13C2 5.183 3.183 4 4.5 4a1 1 0 1 1 0 2c-.212 0-.5.288-.5.5v13c0 .212.288.5.5.5h15c.212 0 .5-.288.5-.5v-13c0-.212-.288-.5-.5-.5H18v1a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-3.2 6.924a.48.48 0 0 1 .125.544l-1.52 3.283h2.304c.27 0 .491.215.491.483a.477.477 0 0 1-.13.327l-4.18 4.484a.498.498 0 0 1-.69.031.48.48 0 0 1-.125-.544l1.52-3.284H9.291a.487.487 0 0 1-.491-.482c0-.121.047-.238.13-.327l4.18-4.484a.498.498 0 0 1 .69-.031ZM7.5 2a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1H14a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8.5v1a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-call-papers-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g><path d="m20.707 2.883-1.414 1.414a1 1 0 0 0 1.414 1.414l1.414-1.414a1 1 0 0 0-1.414-1.414Z"/><path d="M6 16.054c0 2.026 1.052 2.943 3 2.943a1 1 0 1 1 0 2c-2.996 0-5-1.746-5-4.943v-1.227a4.068 4.068 0 0 1-1.83-1.189 4.553 4.553 0 0 1-.87-1.455 4.868 4.868 0 0 1-.3-1.686c0-1.17.417-2.298 1.17-3.14.38-.426.834-.767 1.338-1 .51-.237 1.06-.36 1.617-.36L6.632 6H7l7.932-2.895A2.363 2.363 0 0 1 18 5.36v9.28a2.36 2.36 0 0 1-3.069 2.25l.084.03L7 14.997H6v1.057Zm9.637-11.057a.415.415 0 0 0-.083.008L8 7.638v5.536l7.424 1.786.104.02c.035.01.072.02.109.02.2 0 .363-.16.363-.36V5.36c0-.2-.163-.363-.363-.363Zm-9.638 3h-.874a1.82 1.82 0 0 0-.625.111l-.15.063a2.128 2.128 0 0 0-.689.517c-.42.47-.661 1.123-.661 1.81 0 .34.06.678.176.992.114.308.28.585.485.816.4.447.925.691 1.464.691h.874v-5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/><path d="M20 8.997h2a1 1 0 1 1 0 2h-2a1 1 0 1 1 0-2ZM20.707 14.293l1.414 1.414a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414l-1.414-1.414a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-1.414Z"/></g></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-card-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.615 2c.315 0 .716.067 1.14.279.76.38 1.245 1.107 1.245 2.106v15.23c0 .315-.067.716-.279 1.14-.38.76-1.107 1.245-2.106 1.245H4.385a2.56 2.56 0 0 1-1.14-.279C2.485 21.341 2 20.614 2 19.615V4.385c0-.315.067-.716.279-1.14C2.659 2.485 3.386 2 4.385 2h15.23Zm0 2H4.385c-.213 0-.265.034-.317.14A.71.71 0 0 0 4 4.385v15.23c0 .213.034.265.14.317a.71.71 0 0 0 .245.068h15.23c.213 0 .265-.034.317-.14a.71.71 0 0 0 .068-.245V4.385c0-.213-.034-.265-.14-.317A.71.71 0 0 0 19.615 4ZM17 16a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H7a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h10Zm0-3a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H7a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h10Zm-.5-7A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 18 7.5v3a1.5 1.5 0 0 1-1.5 1.5h-9A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 6 10.5v-3A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 7.5 6h9ZM16 8H8v2h8V8Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-cart-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M5.76 1a1 1 0 0 1 .994.902L7.155 6h13.34c.18 0 .358.02.532.057l.174.045a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 1.693 3.103l-2.069 7.03c-.36 1.099-1.398 1.823-2.49 1.763H8.65c-1.272.015-2.352-.927-2.546-2.244L4.852 3H2a1 1 0 0 1-.993-.883L1 2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3.76Zm2.328 14.51a.555.555 0 0 0 .55.488l9.751.001a.533.533 0 0 0 .527-.357l2.059-7a.5.5 0 0 0-.48-.642H7.351l.737 7.51ZM18 19a2 2 0 1 1 0 4 2 2 0 0 1 0-4ZM8 19a2 2 0 1 1 0 4 2 2 0 0 1 0-4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-check-circle-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 2a9 9 0 1 0 0 18 9 9 0 0 0 0-18Zm5.125 4.72a1 1 0 0 1 .156 1.405l-6 7.5a1 1 0 0 1-1.421.143l-3-2.5a1 1 0 0 1 1.28-1.536l2.217 1.846 5.362-6.703a1 1 0 0 1 1.406-.156Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-check-filled-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm5.125 6.72a1 1 0 0 0-1.406.155l-5.362 6.703-2.217-1.846a1 1 0 1 0-1.28 1.536l3 2.5a1 1 0 0 0 1.42-.143l6-7.5a1 1 0 0 0-.155-1.406Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-down-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3.305 8.28a1 1 0 0 0-.024 1.415l7.495 7.762c.314.345.757.543 1.224.543.467 0 .91-.198 1.204-.522l7.515-7.783a1 1 0 1 0-1.438-1.39L12 15.845l-7.28-7.54A1 1 0 0 0 3.4 8.2l-.096.082Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-down-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13.692 5.278a1 1 0 0 1 .03 1.414L9.103 11.51a1.491 1.491 0 0 1-2.188.019L2.278 6.692a1 1 0 0 1 1.444-1.384L8 9.771l4.278-4.463a1 1 0 0 1 1.318-.111l.096.081Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-left-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.72 3.305a1 1 0 0 0-1.415-.024l-7.762 7.495A1.655 1.655 0 0 0 6 12c0 .467.198.91.522 1.204l7.783 7.515a1 1 0 1 0 1.39-1.438L8.155 12l7.54-7.28A1 1 0 0 0 15.8 3.4l-.082-.096Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-left-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M10.722 2.308a1 1 0 0 0-1.414-.03L4.49 6.897a1.491 1.491 0 0 0-.019 2.188l4.838 4.637a1 1 0 1 0 1.384-1.444L6.229 8l4.463-4.278a1 1 0 0 0 .111-1.318l-.081-.096Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-right-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8.28 3.305a1 1 0 0 1 1.415-.024l7.762 7.495c.345.314.543.757.543 1.224 0 .467-.198.91-.522 1.204l-7.783 7.515a1 1 0 1 1-1.39-1.438L15.845 12l-7.54-7.28A1 1 0 0 1 8.2 3.4l.082-.096Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-right-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M5.278 2.308a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-.03l4.819 4.619a1.491 1.491 0 0 1 .019 2.188l-4.838 4.637a1 1 0 1 1-1.384-1.444L9.771 8 5.308 3.722a1 1 0 0 1-.111-1.318l.081-.096Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-up-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.695 15.72a1 1 0 0 0 .024-1.415l-7.495-7.762A1.655 1.655 0 0 0 12 6c-.467 0-.91.198-1.204.522l-7.515 7.783a1 1 0 1 0 1.438 1.39L12 8.155l7.28 7.54a1 1 0 0 0 1.319.106l.096-.082Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-chevron-up-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M13.692 10.722a1 1 0 0 0 .03-1.414L9.103 4.49a1.491 1.491 0 0 0-2.188-.019L2.278 9.308a1 1 0 0 0 1.444 1.384L8 6.229l4.278 4.463a1 1 0 0 0 1.318.111l.096-.081Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-citations-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.59 1a1 1 0 0 1 .706.291l5.41 5.385a1 1 0 0 1 .294.709v13.077c0 .674-.269 1.32-.747 1.796a2.549 2.549 0 0 1-1.798.742h-5.843a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h5.843a.549.549 0 0 0 .387-.16.535.535 0 0 0 .158-.378V7.8L15.178 3H5.545a.543.543 0 0 0-.538.451L5 3.538v8.607a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V3.538A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 5.545 1h10.046ZM5.483 14.35c.197.26.17.62-.049.848l-.095.083-.016.011c-.36.24-.628.45-.804.634-.393.409-.59.93-.59 1.562.077-.019.192-.028.345-.028.442 0 .84.158 1.195.474.355.316.532.716.532 1.2 0 .501-.173.9-.518 1.198-.345.298-.767.446-1.266.446-.672 0-1.209-.195-1.612-.585-.403-.39-.604-.976-.604-1.757 0-.744.11-1.39.33-1.938.222-.549.49-1.009.807-1.38a4.28 4.28 0 0 1 .992-.88c.07-.043.148-.087.232-.133a.881.881 0 0 1 1.121.245Zm5 0c.197.26.17.62-.049.848l-.095.083-.016.011c-.36.24-.628.45-.804.634-.393.409-.59.93-.59 1.562.077-.019.192-.028.345-.028.442 0 .84.158 1.195.474.355.316.532.716.532 1.2 0 .501-.173.9-.518 1.198-.345.298-.767.446-1.266.446-.672 0-1.209-.195-1.612-.585-.403-.39-.604-.976-.604-1.757 0-.744.11-1.39.33-1.938.222-.549.49-1.009.807-1.38a4.28 4.28 0 0 1 .992-.88c.07-.043.148-.087.232-.133a.881.881 0 0 1 1.121.245Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-clipboard-check-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14.4 1c1.238 0 2.274.865 2.536 2.024L18.5 3C19.886 3 21 4.14 21 5.535v14.93C21 21.86 19.886 23 18.5 23h-13C4.114 23 3 21.86 3 20.465V5.535C3 4.14 4.114 3 5.5 3h1.57c.27-1.147 1.3-2 2.53-2h4.8Zm4.115 4-1.59.024A2.601 2.601 0 0 1 14.4 7H9.6c-1.23 0-2.26-.853-2.53-2H5.5c-.27 0-.5.234-.5.535v14.93c0 .3.23.535.5.535h13c.27 0 .5-.234.5-.535V5.535c0-.3-.23-.535-.485-.535Zm-1.909 4.205a1 1 0 0 1 .19 1.401l-5.334 7a1 1 0 0 1-1.344.23l-2.667-1.75a1 1 0 1 1 1.098-1.672l1.887 1.238 4.769-6.258a1 1 0 0 1 1.401-.19ZM14.4 3H9.6a.6.6 0 0 0-.6.6v.8a.6.6 0 0 0 .6.6h4.8a.6.6 0 0 0 .6-.6v-.8a.6.6 0 0 0-.6-.6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-clipboard-report-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14.4 1c1.238 0 2.274.865 2.536 2.024L18.5 3C19.886 3 21 4.14 21 5.535v14.93C21 21.86 19.886 23 18.5 23h-13C4.114 23 3 21.86 3 20.465V5.535C3 4.14 4.114 3 5.5 3h1.57c.27-1.147 1.3-2 2.53-2h4.8Zm4.115 4-1.59.024A2.601 2.601 0 0 1 14.4 7H9.6c-1.23 0-2.26-.853-2.53-2H5.5c-.27 0-.5.234-.5.535v14.93c0 .3.23.535.5.535h13c.27 0 .5-.234.5-.535V5.535c0-.3-.23-.535-.485-.535Zm-2.658 10.929a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h7.857Zm0-3.929a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h7.857ZM14.4 3H9.6a.6.6 0 0 0-.6.6v.8a.6.6 0 0 0 .6.6h4.8a.6.6 0 0 0 .6-.6v-.8a.6.6 0 0 0-.6-.6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-close-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 2a9 9 0 1 0 0 18 9 9 0 0 0 0-18ZM8.707 7.293 12 10.585l3.293-3.292a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 1.414L13.415 12l3.292 3.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L12 13.415l-3.293 3.292a1 1 0 1 1-1.414-1.414L10.585 12 7.293 8.707a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-1.414Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-cloud-upload-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.852 10.011.028-.004L13 10l.075.003.126.017.086.022.136.052.098.052.104.074.082.073 3 3a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.414l-.094.083a1 1 0 0 1-1.32-.083L14 13.416V20a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-6.586l-1.293 1.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.083l-.094-.083a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414l3-3 .112-.097.11-.071.114-.054.105-.035.118-.025Zm.587-7.962c3.065.362 5.497 2.662 5.992 5.562l.013.085.207.073c2.117.782 3.496 2.845 3.337 5.097l-.022.226c-.297 2.561-2.503 4.491-5.124 4.502a1 1 0 1 1-.009-2c1.619-.007 2.967-1.186 3.147-2.733.179-1.542-.86-2.979-2.487-3.353-.512-.149-.894-.579-.981-1.165-.21-2.237-2-4.035-4.308-4.308-2.31-.273-4.497 1.06-5.25 3.19l-.049.113c-.234.468-.718.756-1.176.743-1.418.057-2.689.857-3.32 2.084a3.668 3.668 0 0 0 .262 3.798c.796 1.136 2.169 1.764 3.583 1.635a1 1 0 1 1 .182 1.992c-2.125.194-4.193-.753-5.403-2.48a5.668 5.668 0 0 1-.403-5.86c.85-1.652 2.449-2.79 4.323-3.092l.287-.039.013-.028c1.207-2.741 4.125-4.404 7.186-4.042Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-collection-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 7a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v12.5a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-2.5 2.5H8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h11.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-5.5-5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 18 4.5v12a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-2.5 2.5h-11A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 2 16.5v-12A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 4.5 2h11Zm0 2h-11a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v12a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h11a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-12a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5ZM13 13a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H7a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h6Zm0-3.5a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H7a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h6ZM13 6a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H7a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-conference-series-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.5 2A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2 4.5v11A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 4.5 18h2.37l-2.534 2.253a1 1 0 0 0 1.328 1.494L9.88 18H11v3a1 1 0 1 0 2 0v-3h1.12l4.216 3.747a1 1 0 0 0 1.328-1.494L17.13 18h2.37a2.5 2.5 0 0 0 2.5-2.5v-11A2.5 2.5 0 0 0 19.5 2h-15ZM20 6V4.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5h-15a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5V6h16ZM4 8v7.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h15a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H4Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-delivery-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8.51 20.598a3.037 3.037 0 0 1-3.02 0A2.968 2.968 0 0 1 4.161 19L3.5 19A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 1 16.5v-11A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3.5 3h10a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 2.45 2.004L16 5h2.527c.976 0 1.855.585 2.27 1.49l2.112 4.62a1 1 0 0 1 .091.416v4.856C23 17.814 21.889 19 20.484 19h-.523a1.01 1.01 0 0 1-.121-.007 2.96 2.96 0 0 1-1.33 1.605 3.037 3.037 0 0 1-3.02 0A2.968 2.968 0 0 1 14.161 19H9.838a2.968 2.968 0 0 1-1.327 1.597Zm-2.024-3.462a.955.955 0 0 0-.481.73L5.999 18l.001.022a.944.944 0 0 0 .388.777l.098.065c.316.181.712.181 1.028 0A.97.97 0 0 0 8 17.978a.95.95 0 0 0-.486-.842 1.037 1.037 0 0 0-1.028 0Zm10 0a.955.955 0 0 0-.481.73l-.005.156a.944.944 0 0 0 .388.777l.098.065c.316.181.712.181 1.028 0a.97.97 0 0 0 .486-.886.95.95 0 0 0-.486-.842 1.037 1.037 0 0 0-1.028 0ZM21 12h-5v3.17a3.038 3.038 0 0 1 2.51.232 2.993 2.993 0 0 1 1.277 1.45l.058.155.058-.005.581-.002c.27 0 .516-.263.516-.618V12Zm-7.5-7h-10a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v11a.5.5 0 0 0 .5.5h.662a2.964 2.964 0 0 1 1.155-1.491l.172-.107a3.037 3.037 0 0 1 3.022 0A2.987 2.987 0 0 1 9.843 17H13.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-11a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5Zm5.027 2H16v3h4.203l-1.224-2.677a.532.532 0 0 0-.375-.316L18.527 7Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-download-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M22 18.5a3.5 3.5 0 0 1-3.5 3.5h-13A3.5 3.5 0 0 1 2 18.5V18a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v.5A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 5.5 20h13a1.5 1.5 0 0 0 1.5-1.5V18a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v.5Zm-3.293-7.793-6 6-.063.059-.093.069-.081.048-.105.049-.104.034-.056.013-.118.017L12 17l-.076-.003-.122-.017-.113-.03-.085-.032-.063-.03-.098-.058-.06-.043-.05-.043-6.04-6.037a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-1.414l4.294 4.29L11 3a1 1 0 0 1 2 0l.001 10.585 4.292-4.292a1 1 0 0 1 1.32-.083l.094.083a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.414Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-edit-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17.149 2a2.38 2.38 0 0 1 1.699.711l2.446 2.46a2.384 2.384 0 0 1 .005 3.38L10.01 19.906a1 1 0 0 1-.434.257l-6.3 1.8a1 1 0 0 1-1.237-1.237l1.8-6.3a1 1 0 0 1 .257-.434L15.443 2.718A2.385 2.385 0 0 1 17.15 2Zm-3.874 5.689-7.586 7.536-1.234 4.319 4.318-1.234 7.54-7.582-3.038-3.039ZM17.149 4a.395.395 0 0 0-.286.126L14.695 6.28l3.029 3.029 2.162-2.173a.384.384 0 0 0 .106-.197L20 6.864c0-.103-.04-.2-.119-.278l-2.457-2.47A.385.385 0 0 0 17.149 4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-education-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12.41 2.088a1 1 0 0 0-.82 0l-10 4.5a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.824L3 9.047v7.124A3.001 3.001 0 0 0 4 22a3 3 0 0 0 1-5.83V9.948l1 .45V14.5a1 1 0 0 0 .087.408L7 14.5c-.913.408-.912.41-.912.41l.001.003.003.006.007.015a1.988 1.988 0 0 0 .083.16c.054.097.131.225.236.373.21.297.53.68.993 1.057C8.351 17.292 9.824 18 12 18c2.176 0 3.65-.707 4.589-1.476.463-.378.783-.76.993-1.057a4.162 4.162 0 0 0 .319-.533l.007-.015.003-.006v-.003h.002s0-.002-.913-.41l.913.408A1 1 0 0 0 18 14.5v-4.103l4.41-1.985a1 1 0 0 0 0-1.824l-10-4.5ZM16 11.297l-3.59 1.615a1 1 0 0 1-.82 0L8 11.297v2.94a3.388 3.388 0 0 0 .677.739C9.267 15.457 10.294 16 12 16s2.734-.543 3.323-1.024a3.388 3.388 0 0 0 .677-.739v-2.94ZM4.437 7.5 12 4.097 19.563 7.5 12 10.903 4.437 7.5ZM3 19a1 1 0 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 1-2 0Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-error-diamond-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12.002 1c.702 0 1.375.279 1.871.775l8.35 8.353a2.646 2.646 0 0 1 .001 3.744l-8.353 8.353a2.646 2.646 0 0 1-3.742 0l-8.353-8.353a2.646 2.646 0 0 1 0-3.744l8.353-8.353.156-.142c.424-.362.952-.58 1.507-.625l.21-.008Zm0 2a.646.646 0 0 0-.38.123l-.093.08-8.34 8.34a.646.646 0 0 0-.18.355L3 12c0 .171.068.336.19.457l8.353 8.354a.646.646 0 0 0 .914 0l8.354-8.354a.646.646 0 0 0-.001-.914l-8.351-8.354A.646.646 0 0 0 12.002 3ZM12 14.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .144 2.993L12 17.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0-3ZM12 6a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v5a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-error-filled-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12.002 1c.702 0 1.375.279 1.871.775l8.35 8.353a2.646 2.646 0 0 1 .001 3.744l-8.353 8.353a2.646 2.646 0 0 1-3.742 0l-8.353-8.353a2.646 2.646 0 0 1 0-3.744l8.353-8.353.156-.142c.424-.362.952-.58 1.507-.625l.21-.008ZM12 14.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3l.144-.007A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 12 14.5ZM12 6a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v5a1 1 0 0 0 2 0V7a1 1 0 0 0-1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-external-link-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 2a1 1 0 1 1 0 2H4.6c-.371 0-.6.209-.6.5v15c0 .291.229.5.6.5h14.8c.371 0 .6-.209.6-.5V15a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v4.5c0 1.438-1.162 2.5-2.6 2.5H4.6C3.162 22 2 20.938 2 19.5v-15C2 3.062 3.162 2 4.6 2H9Zm6 0h6l.075.003.126.017.111.03.111.044.098.052.096.067.09.08c.036.035.068.073.097.112l.071.11.054.114.035.105.03.148L22 3v6a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V5.414l-6.693 6.693a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L18.584 4H15a1 1 0 0 1-.993-.883L14 3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-external-link-small" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path d="M5 1a1 1 0 1 1 0 2l-2-.001V13L13 13v-2a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v2c0 1.15-.93 2-2.067 2H3.067C1.93 15 1 14.15 1 13V3c0-1.15.93-2 2.067-2H5Zm4 0h5l.075.003.126.017.111.03.111.044.098.052.096.067.09.08.044.047.073.093.051.083.054.113.035.105.03.148L15 2v5a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V4.414L9.107 8.307a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414L11.584 3H9a1 1 0 0 1-.993-.883L8 2a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-file-download-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14.5 1a1 1 0 0 1 .707.293l5.5 5.5A1 1 0 0 1 21 7.5v12.962A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 18.455 23H5.545A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 3 20.462V3.538A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 5.545 1H14.5Zm-.415 2h-8.54A.542.542 0 0 0 5 3.538v16.924c0 .296.243.538.545.538h12.91a.542.542 0 0 0 .545-.538V7.915L14.085 3ZM12 7a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6.585l2.293-2.292a1 1 0 0 1 1.32-.083l.094.083a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.414l-4 4a1.008 1.008 0 0 1-.112.097l-.11.071-.114.054-.105.035-.149.03L12 18l-.075-.003-.126-.017-.111-.03-.111-.044-.098-.052-.096-.067-.09-.08-4-4a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-1.414L11 14.585V8a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-file-report-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14.5 1a1 1 0 0 1 .707.293l5.5 5.5A1 1 0 0 1 21 7.5v12.962c0 .674-.269 1.32-.747 1.796a2.549 2.549 0 0 1-1.798.742H5.545c-.674 0-1.32-.267-1.798-.742A2.535 2.535 0 0 1 3 20.462V3.538A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 5.545 1H14.5Zm-.415 2h-8.54A.542.542 0 0 0 5 3.538v16.924c0 .142.057.278.158.379.102.102.242.159.387.159h12.91a.549.549 0 0 0 .387-.16.535.535 0 0 0 .158-.378V7.915L14.085 3ZM16 17a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h8Zm0-3a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h8Zm-4.793-6.207L13 9.585l1.793-1.792a1 1 0 0 1 1.32-.083l.094.083a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.414l-2.5 2.5a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0L10.5 9.915l-1.793 1.792a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.083l-.094-.083a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414l2.5-2.5a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-file-text-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14.5 1a1 1 0 0 1 .707.293l5.5 5.5A1 1 0 0 1 21 7.5v12.962A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 18.455 23H5.545A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 3 20.462V3.538A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 5.545 1H14.5Zm-.415 2h-8.54A.542.542 0 0 0 5 3.538v16.924c0 .296.243.538.545.538h12.91a.542.542 0 0 0 .545-.538V7.915L14.085 3ZM16 15a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h8Zm0-4a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h8Zm-5-4a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h3Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-file-upload-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14.5 1a1 1 0 0 1 .707.293l5.5 5.5A1 1 0 0 1 21 7.5v12.962A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 18.455 23H5.545A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 3 20.462V3.538A2.542 2.542 0 0 1 5.545 1H14.5Zm-.415 2h-8.54A.542.542 0 0 0 5 3.538v16.924c0 .296.243.538.545.538h12.91a.542.542 0 0 0 .545-.538V7.915L14.085 3Zm-2.233 4.011.058-.007L12 7l.075.003.126.017.111.03.111.044.098.052.104.074.082.073 4 4a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.414l-.094.083a1 1 0 0 1-1.32-.083L13 10.415V17a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-6.585l-2.293 2.292a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.083l-.094-.083a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414l4-4 .112-.097.11-.071.114-.054.105-.035.118-.025Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-filter-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 2a1 1 0 0 1 .82 1.573L15 13.314V18a1 1 0 0 1-.31.724l-.09.076-4 3A1 1 0 0 1 9 21v-7.684L2.18 3.573a1 1 0 0 1 .707-1.567L3 2h18Zm-1.921 2H4.92l5.9 8.427a1 1 0 0 1 .172.45L11 13v6l2-1.5V13a1 1 0 0 1 .117-.469l.064-.104L19.079 4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-funding-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M23 8A7 7 0 1 0 9 8a7 7 0 0 0 14 0ZM9.006 12.225A4.07 4.07 0 0 0 6.12 11.02H2a.979.979 0 1 0 0 1.958h4.12c.558 0 1.094.222 1.489.617l2.207 2.288c.27.27.27.687.012.944a.656.656 0 0 1-.928 0L7.744 15.67a.98.98 0 0 0-1.386 1.384l1.157 1.158c.535.536 1.244.791 1.946.765l.041.002h6.922c.874 0 1.597.748 1.597 1.688 0 .203-.146.354-.309.354H7.755c-.487 0-.96-.178-1.339-.504L2.64 17.259a.979.979 0 0 0-1.28 1.482L5.137 22c.733.631 1.66.979 2.618.979h9.957c1.26 0 2.267-1.043 2.267-2.312 0-2.006-1.584-3.646-3.555-3.646h-4.529a2.617 2.617 0 0 0-.681-2.509l-2.208-2.287ZM16 3a5 5 0 1 0 0 10 5 5 0 0 0 0-10Zm.979 3.5a.979.979 0 1 0-1.958 0v3a.979.979 0 1 0 1.958 0v-3Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-hashtag-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 2a9 9 0 1 0 0 18 9 9 0 0 0 0-18ZM9.52 18.189a1 1 0 1 1-1.964-.378l.437-2.274H6a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h2.378l.592-3.076H6a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h3.354l.51-2.65a1 1 0 1 1 1.964.378l-.437 2.272h3.04l.51-2.65a1 1 0 1 1 1.964.378l-.438 2.272H18a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-1.917l-.592 3.076H18a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-2.893l-.51 2.652a1 1 0 1 1-1.964-.378l.437-2.274h-3.04l-.51 2.652Zm.895-4.652h3.04l.591-3.076h-3.04l-.591 3.076Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-home-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M5 22a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-8.586l-1.293 1.293a1 1 0 0 1-1.32.083l-.094-.083a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.414l10-10a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0l10 10a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414L20 12.415V21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H5Zm7-17.585-6 5.999V20h5v-4a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v4h5v-9.585l-6-6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-image-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19.615 2A2.385 2.385 0 0 1 22 4.385v15.23A2.385 2.385 0 0 1 19.615 22H4.385A2.385 2.385 0 0 1 2 19.615V4.385A2.385 2.385 0 0 1 4.385 2h15.23Zm0 2H4.385A.385.385 0 0 0 4 4.385v15.23c0 .213.172.385.385.385h1.244l10.228-8.76a1 1 0 0 1 1.254-.037L20 13.392V4.385A.385.385 0 0 0 19.615 4Zm-3.07 9.283L8.703 20h10.912a.385.385 0 0 0 .385-.385v-3.713l-3.455-2.619ZM9.5 6a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 0 7 3.5 3.5 0 0 1 0-7Zm0 2a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0 3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0-3Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-impact-factor-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M16.49 2.672c.74.694.986 1.765.632 2.712l-.04.1-1.549 3.54h1.477a2.496 2.496 0 0 1 2.485 2.34l.005.163c0 .618-.23 1.21-.642 1.675l-7.147 7.961a2.48 2.48 0 0 1-3.554.165 2.512 2.512 0 0 1-.633-2.712l.042-.103L9.108 15H7.46c-1.393 0-2.379-1.11-2.455-2.369L5 12.473c0-.593.142-1.145.628-1.692l7.307-7.944a2.48 2.48 0 0 1 3.555-.165ZM14.43 4.164l-7.33 7.97c-.083.093-.101.214-.101.34 0 .277.19.526.46.526h4.163l.097-.009c.015 0 .03.003.046.009.181.078.264.32.186.5l-2.554 5.817a.512.512 0 0 0 .127.552.48.48 0 0 0 .69-.033l7.155-7.97a.513.513 0 0 0 .13-.34.497.497 0 0 0-.49-.502h-3.988a.355.355 0 0 1-.328-.497l2.555-5.844a.512.512 0 0 0-.127-.552.48.48 0 0 0-.69.033Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-info-circle-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 2a9 9 0 1 0 0 18 9 9 0 0 0 0-18Zm0 7a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v5h1.5a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-5a1 1 0 0 1 0-2H11v-4h-.5a1 1 0 0 1-.993-.883L9.5 11a1 1 0 0 1 1-1H12Zm0-4.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .144 2.993L12 8.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0-3Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-info-filled-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 9h-1.5a1 1 0 0 0-1 1l.007.117A1 1 0 0 0 10.5 12h.5v4H9.5a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h5a1 1 0 0 0 0-2H13v-5a1 1 0 0 0-1-1Zm0-4.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3l.144-.007A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 12 5.5Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-journal-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M18.5 1A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 21 3.5v14a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-2.5 2.5h-13a.5.5 0 1 0 0 1H20a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H5.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 3 20.5v-17A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 5.5 1h13ZM7 3H5.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5v14.549l.016-.002c.104-.02.211-.035.32-.042L5.5 18H7V3Zm11.5 0H9v15h9.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-14a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5ZM16 5a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v4a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-5a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V6a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h5Zm-1 2h-3v2h3V7Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-mail-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.462 3C21.875 3 23 4.184 23 5.619v12.762C23 19.816 21.875 21 20.462 21H3.538C2.125 21 1 19.816 1 18.381V5.619C1 4.184 2.125 3 3.538 3h16.924ZM21 8.158l-7.378 6.258a2.549 2.549 0 0 1-3.253-.008L3 8.16v10.222c0 .353.253.619.538.619h16.924c.285 0 .538-.266.538-.619V8.158ZM20.462 5H3.538c-.264 0-.5.228-.534.542l8.65 7.334c.2.165.492.165.684.007l8.656-7.342-.001-.025c-.044-.3-.274-.516-.531-.516Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-mail-send-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.444 5a2.562 2.562 0 0 1 2.548 2.37l.007.078.001.123v7.858A2.564 2.564 0 0 1 20.444 18H9.556A2.564 2.564 0 0 1 7 15.429l.001-7.977.007-.082A2.561 2.561 0 0 1 9.556 5h10.888ZM21 9.331l-5.46 3.51a1 1 0 0 1-1.08 0L9 9.332v6.097c0 .317.251.571.556.571h10.888a.564.564 0 0 0 .556-.571V9.33ZM20.444 7H9.556a.543.543 0 0 0-.32.105l5.763 3.706 5.766-3.706a.543.543 0 0 0-.32-.105ZM4.308 5a1 1 0 1 1 0 2H2a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h2.308Zm0 5.5a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H2a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h2.308Zm0 5.5a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H2a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h2.308Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-mentions-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m9.452 1.293 5.92 5.92 2.92-2.92a1 1 0 0 1 1.415 1.414l-2.92 2.92 5.92 5.92a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.415 10.371 10.371 0 0 1-10.378 2.584l.652 3.258A1 1 0 0 1 12 23H2a1 1 0 0 1-.874-1.486l4.789-8.62C4.194 9.074 4.9 4.43 8.038 1.292a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 0Zm-2.355 13.59L3.699 21h7.081l-.689-3.442a10.392 10.392 0 0 1-2.775-2.396l-.22-.28Zm1.69-11.427-.07.09a8.374 8.374 0 0 0 11.737 11.737l.089-.071L8.787 3.456Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-menu-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 4a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H3a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h18Zm-4 7a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H3a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h14Zm4 7a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H3a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h18Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-metrics-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 22a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h6a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v7h4V8a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h6a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v13a1 1 0 0 1-.883.993L21 22H3Zm17-2V9h-4v11h4Zm-6-8h-4v8h4v-8ZM8 4H4v16h4V4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-news-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M17.384 3c.975 0 1.77.787 1.77 1.762v13.333c0 .462.354.846.815.899l.107.006.109-.006a.915.915 0 0 0 .809-.794l.006-.105V8.19a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v9.905A2.914 2.914 0 0 1 20.077 21H3.538a2.547 2.547 0 0 1-1.644-.601l-.147-.135A2.516 2.516 0 0 1 1 18.476V4.762C1 3.787 1.794 3 2.77 3h14.614Zm-.231 2H3v13.476c0 .11.035.216.1.304l.054.063c.101.1.24.157.384.157l13.761-.001-.026-.078a2.88 2.88 0 0 1-.115-.655l-.004-.17L17.153 5ZM14 15.021a.979.979 0 1 1 0 1.958H6a.979.979 0 1 1 0-1.958h8Zm0-8c.54 0 .979.438.979.979v4c0 .54-.438.979-.979.979H6A.979.979 0 0 1 5.021 12V8c0-.54.438-.979.979-.979h8Zm-.98 1.958H6.979v2.041h6.041V8.979Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-newsletter-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v9.5a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-2.5 2.5h-15A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 2 20.5V11a1 1 0 0 1 2 0v.439l8 4.888 8-4.889V11a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-1 3.783-7.479 4.57a1 1 0 0 1-1.042 0l-7.48-4.57V20.5a.5.5 0 0 0 .501.5h15a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5v-6.717ZM15 9a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H9a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h6Zm2.5-8A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 20 3.5V9a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V3.5a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5h-11a.5.5 0 0 0-.5.5V9a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V3.5A2.5 2.5 0 0 1 6.5 1h11ZM15 5a1 1 0 0 1 0 2H9a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-notifcation-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M14 20a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-4a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h4ZM3 18l-.133-.007c-1.156-.124-1.156-1.862 0-1.986l.3-.012C4.32 15.923 5 15.107 5 14V9.5C5 5.368 8.014 2 12 2s7 3.368 7 7.5V14c0 1.107.68 1.923 1.832 1.995l.301.012c1.156.124 1.156 1.862 0 1.986L21 18H3Zm9-14C9.17 4 7 6.426 7 9.5V14c0 .671-.146 1.303-.416 1.858L6.51 16h10.979l-.073-.142a4.192 4.192 0 0 1-.412-1.658L17 14V9.5C17 6.426 14.83 4 12 4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-publish-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g><path d="M16.296 1.291A1 1 0 0 0 15.591 1H5.545A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 3 3.538V13a1 1 0 1 0 2 0V3.538l.007-.087A.543.543 0 0 1 5.545 3h9.633L20 7.8v12.662a.534.534 0 0 1-.158.379.548.548 0 0 1-.387.159H11a1 1 0 1 0 0 2h8.455c.674 0 1.32-.267 1.798-.742A2.534 2.534 0 0 0 22 20.462V7.385a1 1 0 0 0-.294-.709l-5.41-5.385Z"/><path d="M10.762 16.647a1 1 0 0 0-1.525-1.294l-4.472 5.271-2.153-1.665a1 1 0 1 0-1.224 1.582l2.91 2.25a1 1 0 0 0 1.374-.144l5.09-6ZM16 10a1 1 0 1 1 0 2H8a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h8ZM12 7a1 1 0 0 0-1-1H8a1 1 0 1 0 0 2h3a1 1 0 0 0 1-1Z"/></g></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-refresh-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g><path d="M7.831 5.636H6.032A8.76 8.76 0 0 1 9 3.631 8.549 8.549 0 0 1 12.232 3c.603 0 1.192.063 1.76.182C17.979 4.017 21 7.632 21 12a1 1 0 1 0 2 0c0-5.296-3.674-9.746-8.591-10.776A10.61 10.61 0 0 0 5 3.851V2.805a1 1 0 0 0-.987-1H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v3.831a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h3.831a1 1 0 0 0 .013-2h-.013ZM17.968 18.364c-1.59 1.632-3.784 2.636-6.2 2.636C6.948 21 3 16.993 3 12a1 1 0 1 0-2 0c0 6.053 4.799 11 10.768 11 2.788 0 5.324-1.082 7.232-2.85v1.045a1 1 0 1 0 2 0v-3.831a1 1 0 0 0-1-1h-3.831a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h1.799Z"/></g></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-search-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M11 1c5.523 0 10 4.477 10 10 0 2.4-.846 4.604-2.256 6.328l3.963 3.965a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414l-3.965-3.963A9.959 9.959 0 0 1 11 21C5.477 21 1 16.523 1 11S5.477 1 11 1Zm0 2a8 8 0 1 0 0 16 8 8 0 0 0 0-16Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-settings-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M11.382 1h1.24a2.508 2.508 0 0 1 2.334 1.63l.523 1.378 1.59.933 1.444-.224c.954-.132 1.89.3 2.422 1.101l.095.155.598 1.066a2.56 2.56 0 0 1-.195 2.848l-.894 1.161v1.896l.92 1.163c.6.768.707 1.812.295 2.674l-.09.17-.606 1.08a2.504 2.504 0 0 1-2.531 1.25l-1.428-.223-1.589.932-.523 1.378a2.512 2.512 0 0 1-2.155 1.625L12.65 23h-1.27a2.508 2.508 0 0 1-2.334-1.63l-.524-1.379-1.59-.933-1.443.225c-.954.132-1.89-.3-2.422-1.101l-.095-.155-.598-1.066a2.56 2.56 0 0 1 .195-2.847l.891-1.161v-1.898l-.919-1.162a2.562 2.562 0 0 1-.295-2.674l.09-.17.606-1.08a2.504 2.504 0 0 1 2.531-1.25l1.43.223 1.618-.938.524-1.375.07-.167A2.507 2.507 0 0 1 11.382 1Zm.003 2a.509.509 0 0 0-.47.338l-.65 1.71a1 1 0 0 1-.434.51L7.6 6.85a1 1 0 0 1-.655.123l-1.762-.275a.497.497 0 0 0-.498.252l-.61 1.088a.562.562 0 0 0 .04.619l1.13 1.43a1 1 0 0 1 .216.62v2.585a1 1 0 0 1-.207.61L4.15 15.339a.568.568 0 0 0-.036.634l.601 1.072a.494.494 0 0 0 .484.26l1.78-.278a1 1 0 0 1 .66.126l2.2 1.292a1 1 0 0 1 .43.507l.648 1.71a.508.508 0 0 0 .467.338h1.263a.51.51 0 0 0 .47-.34l.65-1.708a1 1 0 0 1 .428-.507l2.201-1.292a1 1 0 0 1 .66-.126l1.763.275a.497.497 0 0 0 .498-.252l.61-1.088a.562.562 0 0 0-.04-.619l-1.13-1.43a1 1 0 0 1-.216-.62v-2.585a1 1 0 0 1 .207-.61l1.105-1.437a.568.568 0 0 0 .037-.634l-.601-1.072a.494.494 0 0 0-.484-.26l-1.78.278a1 1 0 0 1-.66-.126l-2.2-1.292a1 1 0 0 1-.43-.507l-.649-1.71A.508.508 0 0 0 12.62 3h-1.234ZM12 8a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Zm0 2a2 2 0 1 0 0 4 2 2 0 0 0 0-4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-shipping-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M16.515 2c1.406 0 2.706.728 3.352 1.902l2.02 3.635.02.042.036.089.031.105.012.058.01.073.004.075v11.577c0 .64-.244 1.255-.683 1.713a2.356 2.356 0 0 1-1.701.731H4.386a2.356 2.356 0 0 1-1.702-.731 2.476 2.476 0 0 1-.683-1.713V7.948c.01-.217.083-.43.22-.6L4.2 3.905C4.833 2.755 6.089 2.032 7.486 2h9.029ZM20 9H4v10.556a.49.49 0 0 0 .075.26l.053.07a.356.356 0 0 0 .257.114h15.23c.094 0 .186-.04.258-.115a.477.477 0 0 0 .127-.33V9Zm-2 7.5a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-4a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h4ZM16.514 4H13v3h6.3l-1.183-2.13c-.288-.522-.908-.87-1.603-.87ZM11 3.999H7.51c-.679.017-1.277.36-1.566.887L4.728 7H11V3.999Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-step-guide-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M11.394 9.447a1 1 0 1 0-1.788-.894l-.88 1.759-.019-.02a1 1 0 1 0-1.414 1.415l1 1a1 1 0 0 0 1.601-.26l1.5-3ZM12 11a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3a1 1 0 1 1 0 2h-3a1 1 0 0 1-1-1ZM12 17a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h3a1 1 0 1 1 0 2h-3a1 1 0 0 1-1-1ZM10.947 14.105a1 1 0 0 1 .447 1.342l-1.5 3a1 1 0 0 1-1.601.26l-1-1a1 1 0 1 1 1.414-1.414l.02.019.879-1.76a1 1 0 0 1 1.341-.447Z"/><path d="M5.545 1A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 3 3.538v16.924A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 5.545 23h12.91A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 21 20.462V7.5a1 1 0 0 0-.293-.707l-5.5-5.5A1 1 0 0 0 14.5 1H5.545ZM5 3.538C5 3.245 5.24 3 5.545 3h8.54L19 7.914v12.547c0 .294-.24.539-.546.539H5.545A.542.542 0 0 1 5 20.462V3.538Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-submission-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g><path d="M5 3.538C5 3.245 5.24 3 5.545 3h9.633L20 7.8v12.662a.535.535 0 0 1-.158.379.549.549 0 0 1-.387.159H6a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-2.5a1 1 0 1 0-2 0V20a3 3 0 0 0 3 3h13.455c.673 0 1.32-.266 1.798-.742A2.535 2.535 0 0 0 22 20.462V7.385a1 1 0 0 0-.294-.709l-5.41-5.385A1 1 0 0 0 15.591 1H5.545A2.542 2.542 0 0 0 3 3.538V7a1 1 0 0 0 2 0V3.538Z"/><path d="m13.707 13.707-4 4a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 0l-.083-.094a1 1 0 0 1 .083-1.32L10.585 14 2 14a1 1 0 1 1 0-2l8.583.001-2.29-2.294a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-1.414l4.037 4.04.043.05.043.06.059.098.03.063.031.085.03.113.017.122L14 13l-.004.087-.017.118-.013.056-.034.104-.049.105-.048.081-.07.093-.058.063Z"/></g></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-table-1-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.385 22a2.56 2.56 0 0 1-1.14-.279C2.485 21.341 2 20.614 2 19.615V4.385c0-.315.067-.716.279-1.14C2.659 2.485 3.386 2 4.385 2h15.23c.315 0 .716.067 1.14.279.76.38 1.245 1.107 1.245 2.106v15.23c0 .315-.067.716-.279 1.14-.38.76-1.107 1.245-2.106 1.245H4.385ZM4 19.615c0 .213.034.265.14.317a.71.71 0 0 0 .245.068H8v-4H4v3.615ZM20 16H10v4h9.615c.213 0 .265-.034.317-.14a.71.71 0 0 0 .068-.245V16Zm0-2v-4H10v4h10ZM4 14h4v-4H4v4ZM19.615 4H10v4h10V4.385c0-.213-.034-.265-.14-.317A.71.71 0 0 0 19.615 4ZM8 4H4.385l-.082.002c-.146.01-.19.047-.235.138A.71.71 0 0 0 4 4.385V8h4V4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-table-2-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M4.384 22A2.384 2.384 0 0 1 2 19.616V4.384A2.384 2.384 0 0 1 4.384 2h15.232A2.384 2.384 0 0 1 22 4.384v15.232A2.384 2.384 0 0 1 19.616 22H4.384ZM10 15H4v4.616c0 .212.172.384.384.384H10v-5Zm5 0h-3v5h3v-5Zm5 0h-3v5h2.616a.384.384 0 0 0 .384-.384V15ZM10 9H4v4h6V9Zm5 0h-3v4h3V9Zm5 0h-3v4h3V9Zm-.384-5H4.384A.384.384 0 0 0 4 4.384V7h16V4.384A.384.384 0 0 0 19.616 4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-tag-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m12.621 1.998.127.004L20.496 2a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 1.497 1.355L22 3.5l-.005 7.669c.038.456-.133.905-.447 1.206l-9.02 9.018a2.075 2.075 0 0 1-2.932 0l-6.99-6.99a2.075 2.075 0 0 1 .001-2.933L11.61 2.47c.246-.258.573-.418.881-.46l.131-.011Zm.286 2-8.885 8.886a.075.075 0 0 0 0 .106l6.987 6.988c.03.03.077.03.106 0l8.883-8.883L19.999 4l-7.092-.002ZM16 6.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .144 2.993L16 9.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0-3Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-trash-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c2.717 0 4.913 2.232 4.997 5H21a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-1v12.5c0 1.389-1.152 2.5-2.556 2.5H6.556C5.152 23 4 21.889 4 20.5V8H3a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h4.003l.001-.051C7.114 3.205 9.3 1 12 1Zm6 7H6v12.5c0 .238.19.448.454.492l.102.008h10.888c.315 0 .556-.232.556-.5V8Zm-4 3a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6.005a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V12a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-4 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v6a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-6a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm2-8c-1.595 0-2.914 1.32-2.996 3h5.991v-.02C14.903 4.31 13.589 3 12 3Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-account-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 16c-1.806 0-3.52.994-4.664 2.698A8.947 8.947 0 0 0 12 21a8.958 8.958 0 0 0 4.664-1.301C15.52 17.994 13.806 17 12 17Zm0-14a9 9 0 0 0-6.25 15.476C7.253 16.304 9.54 15 12 15s4.747 1.304 6.25 3.475A9 9 0 0 0 12 3Zm0 3a4 4 0 1 1 0 8 4 4 0 0 1 0-8Zm0 2a2 2 0 1 0 0 4 2 2 0 0 0 0-4Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-add-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Zm9 10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3h3a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-3v3a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-3h-3a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h3v-3a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-5.545-.15a1 1 0 1 1-.91 1.78 5.713 5.713 0 0 0-5.705.282c-1.67 1.068-2.728 2.927-2.832 4.956L3.004 20 11.5 20a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L12.5 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876c.028-2.812 1.446-5.416 3.763-6.897a7.713 7.713 0 0 1 7.692-.378Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-assign-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M16.226 13.298a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-.01l.084.093a1 1 0 0 1-.073 1.32L15.39 17H22a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-6.611l2.262 2.298a1 1 0 0 1-1.425 1.404l-3.939-4a1 1 0 0 1 0-1.404l3.94-4Zm-3.771-.449a1 1 0 1 1-.91 1.781 5.713 5.713 0 0 0-5.705.282c-1.67 1.068-2.728 2.927-2.832 4.956L3.004 20 10.5 20a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L11.5 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876c.028-2.812 1.446-5.416 3.763-6.897a7.713 7.713 0 0 1 7.692-.378ZM9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-block-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Zm9 10a5 5 0 1 1 0 10 5 5 0 0 1 0-10Zm-5.545-.15a1 1 0 1 1-.91 1.78 5.713 5.713 0 0 0-5.705.282c-1.67 1.068-2.728 2.927-2.832 4.956L3.004 20 11.5 20a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L12.5 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876c.028-2.812 1.446-5.416 3.763-6.897a7.713 7.713 0 0 1 7.692-.378ZM15 18a3 3 0 0 0 4.294 2.707l-4.001-4c-.188.391-.293.83-.293 1.293Zm3-3c-.463 0-.902.105-1.294.293l4.001 4A3 3 0 0 0 18 15Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-check-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Zm13.647 12.237a1 1 0 0 1 .116 1.41l-5.091 6a1 1 0 0 1-1.375.144l-2.909-2.25a1 1 0 1 1 1.224-1.582l2.153 1.665 4.472-5.271a1 1 0 0 1 1.41-.116Zm-8.139-.977c.22.214.428.44.622.678a1 1 0 1 1-1.548 1.266 6.025 6.025 0 0 0-1.795-1.49.86.86 0 0 1-.163-.048l-.079-.036a5.721 5.721 0 0 0-2.62-.63l-.194.006c-2.76.134-5.022 2.177-5.592 4.864l-.035.175-.035.213c-.03.201-.05.405-.06.61L3.003 20 10 20a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L11 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876l.005-.223.02-.356.02-.222.03-.248.022-.15c.02-.133.044-.265.071-.397.44-2.178 1.725-4.105 3.595-5.301a7.75 7.75 0 0 1 3.755-1.215l.12-.004a7.908 7.908 0 0 1 5.87 2.252Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-delete-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6ZM4.763 13.227a7.713 7.713 0 0 1 7.692-.378 1 1 0 1 1-.91 1.781 5.713 5.713 0 0 0-5.705.282c-1.67 1.068-2.728 2.927-2.832 4.956L3.004 20H11.5a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L12.5 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876c.028-2.812 1.446-5.416 3.763-6.897Zm11.421 1.543 2.554 2.553 2.555-2.553a1 1 0 0 1 1.414 1.414l-2.554 2.554 2.554 2.555a1 1 0 0 1-1.414 1.414l-2.555-2.554-2.554 2.554a1 1 0 0 1-1.414-1.414l2.553-2.555-2.553-2.554a1 1 0 0 1 1.414-1.414Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-edit-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m19.876 10.77 2.831 2.83a1 1 0 0 1 0 1.415l-7.246 7.246a1 1 0 0 1-.572.284l-3.277.446a1 1 0 0 1-1.125-1.13l.461-3.277a1 1 0 0 1 .283-.567l7.23-7.246a1 1 0 0 1 1.415-.001Zm-7.421 2.08a1 1 0 1 1-.91 1.78 5.713 5.713 0 0 0-5.705.282c-1.67 1.068-2.728 2.927-2.832 4.956L3.004 20 7.5 20a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L8.5 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876c.028-2.812 1.446-5.416 3.763-6.897a7.713 7.713 0 0 1 7.692-.378Zm6.715.042-6.29 6.3-.23 1.639 1.633-.222 6.302-6.302-1.415-1.415ZM9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-linked-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.65 6c.31 0 .706.066 1.122.274C17.522 6.65 18 7.366 18 8.35v12.3c0 .31-.066.706-.274 1.122-.375.75-1.092 1.228-2.076 1.228H3.35a2.52 2.52 0 0 1-1.122-.274C1.478 22.35 1 21.634 1 20.65V8.35c0-.31.066-.706.274-1.122C1.65 6.478 2.366 6 3.35 6h12.3Zm0 2-12.376.002c-.134.007-.17.04-.21.12A.672.672 0 0 0 3 8.35v12.3c0 .198.028.24.122.287.09.044.2.063.228.063h.887c.788-2.269 2.814-3.5 5.263-3.5 2.45 0 4.475 1.231 5.263 3.5h.887c.198 0 .24-.028.287-.122.044-.09.063-.2.063-.228V8.35c0-.198-.028-.24-.122-.287A.672.672 0 0 0 15.65 8ZM9.5 19.5c-1.36 0-2.447.51-3.06 1.5h6.12c-.613-.99-1.7-1.5-3.06-1.5ZM20.65 1A2.35 2.35 0 0 1 23 3.348V15.65A2.35 2.35 0 0 1 20.65 18H20a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h.65a.35.35 0 0 0 .35-.35V3.348A.35.35 0 0 0 20.65 3H8.35a.35.35 0 0 0-.35.348V4a1 1 0 1 1-2 0v-.652A2.35 2.35 0 0 1 8.35 1h12.3ZM9.5 10a3.5 3.5 0 1 1 0 7 3.5 3.5 0 0 1 0-7Zm0 2a1.5 1.5 0 1 0 0 3 1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0-3Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-multiple-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm6 0a5 5 0 0 1 0 10 1 1 0 0 1-.117-1.993L15 9a3 3 0 0 0 0-6 1 1 0 0 1 0-2ZM9 3a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Zm8.857 9.545a7.99 7.99 0 0 1 2.651 1.715A8.31 8.31 0 0 1 23 20.134V21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-3a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h1.995l-.005-.153a6.307 6.307 0 0 0-1.673-3.945l-.204-.209a5.99 5.99 0 0 0-1.988-1.287 1 1 0 1 1 .732-1.861Zm-3.349 1.715A8.31 8.31 0 0 1 17 20.134V21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.877c.044-4.343 3.387-7.908 7.638-8.115a7.908 7.908 0 0 1 5.87 2.252ZM9.016 14l-.285.006c-3.104.15-5.58 2.718-5.725 5.9L3.004 20h11.991l-.005-.153a6.307 6.307 0 0 0-1.673-3.945l-.204-.209A5.924 5.924 0 0 0 9.3 14.008L9.016 14Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-notify-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Zm10 18v1a1 1 0 0 1-2 0v-1h-3a1 1 0 0 1 0-2v-2.818C14 13.885 15.777 12 18 12s4 1.885 4 4.182V19a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-3Zm-6.545-8.15a1 1 0 1 1-.91 1.78 5.713 5.713 0 0 0-5.705.282c-1.67 1.068-2.728 2.927-2.832 4.956L3.004 20 11.5 20a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L12.5 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876c.028-2.812 1.446-5.416 3.763-6.897a7.713 7.713 0 0 1 7.692-.378ZM18 14c-1.091 0-2 .964-2 2.182V19h4v-2.818c0-1.165-.832-2.098-1.859-2.177L18 14Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-remove-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10A5 5 0 0 1 9 1Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Zm3.455 9.85a1 1 0 1 1-.91 1.78 5.713 5.713 0 0 0-5.705.282c-1.67 1.068-2.728 2.927-2.832 4.956L3.004 20 11.5 20a1 1 0 0 1 .993.883L12.5 21a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H2a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.876c.028-2.812 1.446-5.416 3.763-6.897a7.713 7.713 0 0 1 7.692-.378ZM22 17a1 1 0 0 1 0 2h-8a1 1 0 0 1 0-2h8Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-user-single-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1a5 5 0 1 1 0 10 5 5 0 0 1 0-10Zm0 2a3 3 0 1 0 0 6 3 3 0 0 0 0-6Zm-.406 9.008a8.965 8.965 0 0 1 6.596 2.494A9.161 9.161 0 0 1 21 21.025V22a1 1 0 0 1-1 1H4a1 1 0 0 1-1-1v-.985c.05-4.825 3.815-8.777 8.594-9.007Zm.39 1.992-.299.006c-3.63.175-6.518 3.127-6.678 6.775L5 21h13.998l-.009-.268a7.157 7.157 0 0 0-1.97-4.573l-.214-.213A6.967 6.967 0 0 0 11.984 14Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-warning-circle-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 2a9 9 0 1 0 0 18 9 9 0 0 0 0-18Zm0 11.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .144 2.993L12 17.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0-3ZM12 6a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v5a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V7a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-warning-filled-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 1c6.075 0 11 4.925 11 11s-4.925 11-11 11S1 18.075 1 12 5.925 1 12 1Zm0 13.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0 0 3l.144-.007A1.5 1.5 0 0 0 12 14.5ZM12 6a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v5a1 1 0 0 0 2 0V7a1 1 0 0 0-1-1Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-chevron-left-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M15.7194 3.3054C15.3358 2.90809 14.7027 2.89699 14.3054 3.28061L6.54342 10.7757C6.19804 11.09 6 11.5335 6 12C6 12.4665 6.19804 12.91 6.5218 13.204L14.3054 20.7194C14.7027 21.103 15.3358 21.0919 15.7194 20.6946C16.103 20.2973 16.0919 19.6642 15.6946 19.2806L8.155 12L15.6946 4.71939C16.0614 4.36528 16.099 3.79863 15.8009 3.40105L15.7194 3.3054Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-chevron-right-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M8.28061 3.3054C8.66423 2.90809 9.29729 2.89699 9.6946 3.28061L17.4566 10.7757C17.802 11.09 18 11.5335 18 12C18 12.4665 17.802 12.91 17.4782 13.204L9.6946 20.7194C9.29729 21.103 8.66423 21.0919 8.28061 20.6946C7.89699 20.2973 7.90809 19.6642 8.3054 19.2806L15.845 12L8.3054 4.71939C7.93865 4.36528 7.90098 3.79863 8.19908 3.40105L8.28061 3.3054Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-alerts" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28 12.667c.736 0 1.333.597 1.333 1.333v13.333A3.333 3.333 0 0 1 26 30.667H6a3.333 3.333 0 0 1-3.333-3.334V14a1.333 1.333 0 1 1 2.666 0v1.252L16 21.769l10.667-6.518V14c0-.736.597-1.333 1.333-1.333Zm-1.333 5.71-9.972 6.094c-.427.26-.963.26-1.39 0l-9.972-6.094v8.956c0 .368.299.667.667.667h20a.667.667 0 0 0 .667-.667v-8.956ZM19.333 12a1.333 1.333 0 1 1 0 2.667h-6.666a1.333 1.333 0 1 1 0-2.667h6.666Zm4-10.667a3.333 3.333 0 0 1 3.334 3.334v6.666a1.333 1.333 0 1 1-2.667 0V4.667A.667.667 0 0 0 23.333 4H8.667A.667.667 0 0 0 8 4.667v6.666a1.333 1.333 0 1 1-2.667 0V4.667a3.333 3.333 0 0 1 3.334-3.334h14.666Zm-4 5.334a1.333 1.333 0 0 1 0 2.666h-6.666a1.333 1.333 0 1 1 0-2.666h6.666Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-arrow-up" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="m13.002 7.408 4.88 4.88a.99.99 0 0 0 1.32.08l.09-.08c.39-.39.39-1.03 0-1.42l-6.58-6.58a1.01 1.01 0 0 0-1.42 0l-6.58 6.58a1 1 0 0 0-.09 1.32l.08.1a1 1 0 0 0 1.42-.01l4.88-4.87v11.59a.99.99 0 0 0 .88.99l.12.01c.55 0 1-.45 1-1V7.408z" class="layer"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-checklist" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M19.2 1.333a3.468 3.468 0 0 1 3.381 2.699L24.667 4C26.515 4 28 5.52 28 7.38v19.906c0 1.86-1.485 3.38-3.333 3.38H7.333c-1.848 0-3.333-1.52-3.333-3.38V7.38C4 5.52 5.485 4 7.333 4h2.093A3.468 3.468 0 0 1 12.8 1.333h6.4ZM9.426 6.667H7.333c-.36 0-.666.312-.666.713v19.906c0 .401.305.714.666.714h17.334c.36 0 .666-.313.666-.714V7.38c0-.4-.305-.713-.646-.714l-2.121.033A3.468 3.468 0 0 1 19.2 9.333h-6.4a3.468 3.468 0 0 1-3.374-2.666Zm12.715 5.606c.586.446.7 1.283.253 1.868l-7.111 9.334a1.333 1.333 0 0 1-1.792.306l-3.556-2.333a1.333 1.333 0 1 1 1.463-2.23l2.517 1.651 6.358-8.344a1.333 1.333 0 0 1 1.868-.252ZM19.2 4h-6.4a.8.8 0 0 0-.8.8v1.067a.8.8 0 0 0 .8.8h6.4a.8.8 0 0 0 .8-.8V4.8a.8.8 0 0 0-.8-.8Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-citation" viewBox="0 0 36 36"><path d="M23.25 1.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 1.06.44l8.25 8.25a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 .44 1.06v19.5c0 2.105-1.645 3.75-3.75 3.75H18a1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0-3h11.25c.448 0 .75-.302.75-.75V11.873L22.628 4.5H8.31a.811.811 0 0 0-.8.68l-.011.13V16.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1-3 0V5.31A3.81 3.81 0 0 1 8.31 1.5h14.94ZM8.223 20.358a.984.984 0 0 1-.192 1.378l-.048.034c-.54.36-.942.676-1.206.951-.59.614-.885 1.395-.885 2.343.115-.028.288-.042.518-.042.662 0 1.26.237 1.791.711.533.474.799 1.074.799 1.799 0 .753-.259 1.352-.777 1.799-.518.446-1.151.669-1.9.669-1.006 0-1.812-.293-2.417-.878C3.302 28.536 3 27.657 3 26.486c0-1.115.165-2.085.496-2.907.331-.823.734-1.513 1.209-2.071.475-.558.971-.997 1.49-1.318a6.01 6.01 0 0 1 .347-.2 1.321 1.321 0 0 1 1.681.368Zm7.5 0a.984.984 0 0 1-.192 1.378l-.048.034c-.54.36-.942.676-1.206.951-.59.614-.885 1.395-.885 2.343.115-.028.288-.042.518-.042.662 0 1.26.237 1.791.711.533.474.799 1.074.799 1.799 0 .753-.259 1.352-.777 1.799-.518.446-1.151.669-1.9.669-1.006 0-1.812-.293-2.417-.878-.604-.586-.906-1.465-.906-2.636 0-1.115.165-2.085.496-2.907.331-.823.734-1.513 1.209-2.071.475-.558.971-.997 1.49-1.318a6.01 6.01 0 0 1 .347-.2 1.321 1.321 0 0 1 1.681.368Z"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-access-indicator" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><circle cx="4.5" cy="11.5" r="3.5" style="fill:currentColor"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 3v3a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V2.923C2 1.875 2.84 1 3.909 1h5.909a1 1 0 0 1 .713.298l3.181 3.231a1 1 0 0 1 .288.702v7.846c0 .505-.197.993-.554 1.354a1.902 1.902 0 0 1-1.355.569H10a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h2V5.64L9.4 3H4Z" clip-rule="evenodd" style="fill:#222"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-github-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M 11.964844 0 C 5.347656 0 0 5.269531 0 11.792969 C 0 17.003906 3.425781 21.417969 8.179688 22.976562 C 8.773438 23.09375 8.992188 22.722656 8.992188 22.410156 C 8.992188 22.136719 8.972656 21.203125 8.972656 20.226562 C 5.644531 20.929688 4.953125 18.820312 4.953125 18.820312 C 4.417969 17.453125 3.625 17.101562 3.625 17.101562 C 2.535156 16.378906 3.703125 16.378906 3.703125 16.378906 C 4.914062 16.457031 5.546875 17.589844 5.546875 17.589844 C 6.617188 19.386719 8.339844 18.878906 9.03125 18.566406 C 9.132812 17.804688 9.449219 17.277344 9.785156 16.984375 C 7.132812 16.710938 4.339844 15.695312 4.339844 11.167969 C 4.339844 9.878906 4.8125 8.824219 5.566406 8.003906 C 5.445312 7.710938 5.03125 6.5 5.683594 4.878906 C 5.683594 4.878906 6.695312 4.566406 8.972656 6.089844 C 9.949219 5.832031 10.953125 5.703125 11.964844 5.699219 C 12.972656 5.699219 14.003906 5.835938 14.957031 6.089844 C 17.234375 4.566406 18.242188 4.878906 18.242188 4.878906 C 18.898438 6.5 18.480469 7.710938 18.363281 8.003906 C 19.136719 8.824219 19.589844 9.878906 19.589844 11.167969 C 19.589844 15.695312 16.796875 16.691406 14.125 16.984375 C 14.558594 17.355469 14.933594 18.058594 14.933594 19.171875 C 14.933594 20.753906 14.914062 22.019531 14.914062 22.410156 C 14.914062 22.722656 15.132812 23.09375 15.726562 22.976562 C 20.480469 21.414062 23.910156 17.003906 23.910156 11.792969 C 23.929688 5.269531 18.558594 0 11.964844 0 Z M 11.964844 0 "/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-limited-access" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4 3v3a1 1 0 0 1-2 0V2.923C2 1.875 2.84 1 3.909 1h5.909a1 1 0 0 1 .713.298l3.181 3.231a1 1 0 0 1 .288.702V6a1 1 0 1 1-2 0v-.36L9.4 3H4ZM3 8a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V9a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm10 0a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v1a1 1 0 1 1-2 0V9a1 1 0 0 1 1-1Zm-3.5 6a1 1 0 0 1-1 1h-1a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h1a1 1 0 0 1 1 1Zm2.441-1a1 1 0 0 1 2 0c0 .73-.246 1.306-.706 1.664a1.61 1.61 0 0 1-.876.334l-.032.002H11.5a1 1 0 1 1 0-2h.441ZM4 13a1 1 0 0 0-2 0c0 .73.247 1.306.706 1.664a1.609 1.609 0 0 0 .876.334l.032.002H4.5a1 1 0 1 0 0-2H4Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-i-subjects-medium" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g id="icon-subjects-copy" stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M13.3846154,2 C14.7015971,2 15.7692308,3.06762994 15.7692308,4.38461538 L15.7692308,7.15384615 C15.7692308,8.47082629 14.7015955,9.53846154 13.3846154,9.53846154 L13.1038388,9.53925278 C13.2061091,9.85347965 13.3815528,10.1423885 13.6195822,10.3804178 C13.9722182,10.7330539 14.436524,10.9483278 14.9293854,10.9918129 L15.1153846,11 C16.2068332,11 17.2535347,11.433562 18.0254647,12.2054189 C18.6411944,12.8212361 19.0416785,13.6120766 19.1784166,14.4609738 L19.6153846,14.4615385 C20.932386,14.4615385 22,15.5291672 22,16.8461538 L22,19.6153846 C22,20.9323924 20.9323924,22 19.6153846,22 L16.8461538,22 C15.5291672,22 14.4615385,20.932386 14.4615385,19.6153846 L14.4615385,16.8461538 C14.4615385,15.5291737 15.5291737,14.4615385 16.8461538,14.4615385 L17.126925,14.460779 C17.0246537,14.1465537 16.8492179,13.857633 16.6112344,13.6196157 C16.2144418,13.2228606 15.6764136,13 15.1153846,13 C14.0239122,13 12.9771569,12.5664197 12.2053686,11.7946314 C12.1335167,11.7227795 12.0645962,11.6485444 11.9986839,11.5721119 C11.9354038,11.6485444 11.8664833,11.7227795 11.7946314,11.7946314 C11.0228431,12.5664197 9.97608778,13 8.88461538,13 C8.323576,13 7.78552852,13.2228666 7.38881294,13.6195822 C7.15078359,13.8576115 6.97533988,14.1465203 6.8730696,14.4607472 L7.15384615,14.4615385 C8.47082629,14.4615385 9.53846154,15.5291737 9.53846154,16.8461538 L9.53846154,19.6153846 C9.53846154,20.932386 8.47083276,22 7.15384615,22 L4.38461538,22 C3.06762347,22 2,20.9323876 2,19.6153846 L2,16.8461538 C2,15.5291721 3.06762994,14.4615385 4.38461538,14.4615385 L4.8215823,14.4609378 C4.95831893,13.6120029 5.3588057,12.8211623 5.97459937,12.2053686 C6.69125996,11.488708 7.64500941,11.0636656 8.6514968,11.0066017 L8.88461538,11 C9.44565477,11 9.98370225,10.7771334 10.3804178,10.3804178 C10.6184472,10.1423885 10.7938909,9.85347965 10.8961612,9.53925278 L10.6153846,9.53846154 C9.29840448,9.53846154 8.23076923,8.47082629 8.23076923,7.15384615 L8.23076923,4.38461538 C8.23076923,3.06762994 9.29840286,2 10.6153846,2 L13.3846154,2 Z M7.15384615,16.4615385 L4.38461538,16.4615385 C4.17220099,16.4615385 4,16.63374 4,16.8461538 L4,19.6153846 C4,19.8278134 4.17218833,20 4.38461538,20 L7.15384615,20 C7.36626945,20 7.53846154,19.8278103 7.53846154,19.6153846 L7.53846154,16.8461538 C7.53846154,16.6337432 7.36625679,16.4615385 7.15384615,16.4615385 Z M19.6153846,16.4615385 L16.8461538,16.4615385 C16.6337432,16.4615385 16.4615385,16.6337432 16.4615385,16.8461538 L16.4615385,19.6153846 C16.4615385,19.8278103 16.6337306,20 16.8461538,20 L19.6153846,20 C19.8278229,20 20,19.8278229 20,19.6153846 L20,16.8461538 C20,16.6337306 19.8278103,16.4615385 19.6153846,16.4615385 Z M13.3846154,4 L10.6153846,4 C10.4029708,4 10.2307692,4.17220099 10.2307692,4.38461538 L10.2307692,7.15384615 C10.2307692,7.36625679 10.402974,7.53846154 10.6153846,7.53846154 L13.3846154,7.53846154 C13.597026,7.53846154 13.7692308,7.36625679 13.7692308,7.15384615 L13.7692308,4.38461538 C13.7692308,4.17220099 13.5970292,4 13.3846154,4 Z" id="Shape" fill-rule="nonzero"/></g></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-small-arrow-left" viewBox="0 0 16 17"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M14 8.092H2m0 0L8 2M2 8.092l6 6.035"/></symbol><symbol id="icon-eds-small-arrow-right" viewBox="0 0 16 16"><g fill-rule="evenodd" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2"><path d="M2 8.092h12M8 2l6 6.092M8 14.127l6-6.035"/></g></symbol><symbol id="icon-orcid-logo" viewBox="0 0 40 40"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12.281 10.453c.875 0 1.578-.719 1.578-1.578 0-.86-.703-1.578-1.578-1.578-.875 0-1.578.703-1.578 1.578 0 .86.703 1.578 1.578 1.578Zm-1.203 18.641h2.406V12.359h-2.406v16.735Z"/><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M17.016 12.36h6.5c6.187 0 8.906 4.421 8.906 8.374 0 4.297-3.36 8.375-8.875 8.375h-6.531V12.36Zm6.234 14.578h-3.828V14.53h3.703c4.688 0 6.828 2.844 6.828 6.203 0 2.063-1.25 6.203-6.703 6.203Z" clip-rule="evenodd"/></symbol></svg> </div> </body> </html>