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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>دخول</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="المزيد من الخيارات" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="أدوات شخصية" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">أدوات شخصية</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="قائمة المستخدم" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ar.wikipedia.org&uselang=ar"><span>تبرع</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8&returnto=1159" title="نشجعك على عمل حساب وتسجيل دخولك؛ لكنه غير ضروري على اي حال"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>إنشاء حساب</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AF%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85&returnto=1159" title="يفضل أن تسجل الدخول، لكنه ليس إلزاميا. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>دخول</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> صفحات للمحررين الذين سجَّلوا خروجهم <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9" aria-label="تعلَّم المزيد بخصوص التحرير"><span>تعلَّم المزيد</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="قائمة بتعديلات قام بها عنوان الآي بي [y]" accesskey="y"><span>مساهمات</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="نقاش حول التعديلات من عنوان الأيبي هذا [n]" accesskey="n"><span>نقاش</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="الموقع"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="المحتويات" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">المحتويات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">انقل للشريط الجانبي</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">أخف</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">المقدمة</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-أحداث" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#أحداث"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>أحداث</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-أحداث-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-مواليد" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#مواليد"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>مواليد</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-مواليد-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-وفيات" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#وفيات"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>وفيات</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-وفيات-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-مراجع" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#مراجع"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>مراجع</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-مراجع-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="المحتويات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="جدول المحتويات" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="تبديل عرض جدول المحتويات" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">تبديل عرض جدول المحتويات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">1159</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="اذهب إلى المقالة في لغةٍ أخرى. مُتاحة في 134 لغة" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-134" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">134 لغة</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأبخازية" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="الأبخازية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأفريقانية" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="الأفريقانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الألمانية السويسرية" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="الألمانية السويسرية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1159 እ.ኤ.አ. – الأمهرية" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1159 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="الأمهرية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأراغونية" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="الأراغونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأسترية" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="الأسترية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأذربيجانية" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="الأذربيجانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B9_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۱۵۹ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۱۵۹ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – البيلاروسية" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="البيلاروسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – البلغارية" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="البلغارية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AF" title="১১৫৯ – البنغالية" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১১৫৯" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="البنغالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AF" title="মারি ১১৫৯ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১১৫৯" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – البريتونية" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="البريتونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159." title="1159. – البوسنية" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1159." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="البوسنية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الكتالانية" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="الكتالانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1159 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1159 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – السيبيوانية" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="السيبيوانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A1%D9%A5%D9%A9" title="١١٥٩ – السورانية الكردية" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١١٥٩" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="السورانية الكردية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – لغة تتار القرم" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="لغة تتار القرم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – التشيكية" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="التشيكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – التشوفاشي" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="التشوفاشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الويلزية" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="الويلزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الدانمركية" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="الدانمركية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الألمانية" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الألمانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – اليونانية" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="اليونانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإنجليزية" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="الإنجليزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإسبرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="الإسبرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإسبانية" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="الإسبانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإستونية" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="الإستونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الباسكية" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="الباسكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B9_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۱۵۹ (میلادی) – الفارسية" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۱۵۹ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="الفارسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الفنلندية" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="الفنلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الفاروية" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="الفاروية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الفرنسية" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="الفرنسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الفريزيان" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="الفريزيان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأيرلندية" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="الأيرلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%E5%B9%B4" title="1159年 – الغان الصينية" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1159年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="الغان الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الغيلية الأسكتلندية" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="الغيلية الأسكتلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الجاليكية" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="الجاليكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – العبرية" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="العبرية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AF" title="११५९ – الهندية" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="११५९" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="الهندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159." title="1159. – الكرواتية" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1159." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="الكرواتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_(almanak_jilyen)" title="1159 (almanak jilyen) – الكريولية الهايتية" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1159 (almanak jilyen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="الكريولية الهايتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الهنغارية" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="الهنغارية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأرمنية" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="الأرمنية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإندونيسية" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="الإندونيسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإيلوكو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="الإيلوكو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإيدو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="الإيدو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأيسلندية" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="الأيسلندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإيطالية" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="الإيطالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%E5%B9%B4" title="1159年 – اليابانية" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1159年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="اليابانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الجاوية" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="الجاوية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الجورجية" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="الجورجية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الكارا-كالباك" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="الكارا-كالباك" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1159 жыл – الكازاخستانية" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1159 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="الكازاخستانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%EB%85%84" title="1159년 – الكورية" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1159년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="الكورية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – اللاتينية" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="اللاتينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – اللكسمبورغية" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="اللكسمبورغية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الليغورية" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="الليغورية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – اللومبردية" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="اللومبردية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_m." title="1159 m. – الليتوانية" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1159 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="الليتوانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159._gads" title="1159. gads – اللاتفية" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1159. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="اللاتفية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الموكشا" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="الموكشا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الملغاشي" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="الملغاشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الماورية" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="الماورية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – المينانجكاباو" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="المينانجكاباو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – المقدونية" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="المقدونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AF" title="इ.स. ११५९ – الماراثية" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. ११५९" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="الماراثية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_%D0%B8" title="1159 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1159 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الماليزية" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="الماليزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="1159 ие – الأرزية" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="1159 ие" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="الأرزية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B9" title="۱۱۵۹ – المازندرانية" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۱۵۹" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="المازندرانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – النابولية" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="النابولية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الألمانية السفلى" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="الألمانية السفلى" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AF" title="सन् ११५९ – النوارية" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् ११५९" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="النوارية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الهولندية" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="الهولندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – النرويجية نينورسك" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="النرويجية نينورسك" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – النرويجية بوكمال" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="النرويجية بوكمال" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – السوتو الشمالية" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="السوتو الشمالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأوكسيتانية" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="الأوكسيتانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AB%E0%AD%AF" title="୧୧୫୯ – الأورية" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୧୫୯" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="الأورية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1159-æм аз – الأوسيتيك" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1159-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="الأوسيتيك" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AF" title="११५९ – البالية" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="११५९" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="البالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – البولندية" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="البولندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – البرتغالية" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="البرتغالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – كيشوا" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="كيشوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الرومانية" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="الرومانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1159 год – الروسية" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1159 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="الروسية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AF" title="११५९ – السنسكريتية" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="११५९" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="السنسكريتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الصقلية" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="الصقلية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%D8%B9" title="1159ع – السندية" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1159ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="السندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – سامي الشمالية" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="سامي الشمالية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159." title="1159. – صربية-كرواتية" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1159." data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="صربية-كرواتية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الشان" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="الشان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – السلوفاكية" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="السلوفاكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – السلوفانية" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="السلوفانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الإيناري سامي" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="الإيناري سامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الألبانية" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الألبانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الصربية" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="الصربية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – السوندانية" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="السوندانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – السويدية" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="السويدية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – السواحلية" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="السواحلية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1159" title="Соли 1159 – الطاجيكية" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1159" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="الطاجيكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._1702" title="พ.ศ. 1702 – التايلاندية" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 1702" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="التايلاندية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – التركمانية" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="التركمانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – التاغالوغية" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="التاغالوغية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – التركية" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="التركية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1159 ел – التترية" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1159 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="التترية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأوكرانية" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="الأوكرانية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%D8%A1" title="1159ء – الأوردية" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1159ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="الأوردية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الأوزبكية" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="الأوزبكية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – البندقية" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="البندقية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الفيتنامية" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="الفيتنامية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – الواراي" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="الواراي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%E5%B9%B4" title="1159年 – الوو الصينية" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1159年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="الوو الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159" title="1159 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1159" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%E5%B9%B4" title="1159年 – الصينية" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1159年" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159_n%C3%AE" title="1159 nî – مين-نان الصينية" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1159 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="مين-نان الصينية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1159%E5%B9%B4" title="1159年 – الكَنْتُونية" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1159年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="الكَنْتُونية" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19659#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="تعديل وصلات اللغات" class="wbc-editpage">عدل الوصلات</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="نطاقات"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1159" title="اعرض صفحة المحتوى [c]" accesskey="c"><span>مقالة</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:1159" rel="discussion" title="نقاش صفحة المحتوى [t]" accesskey="t"><span>نقاش</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="غيّر لهجة اللغة" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">العربية</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="معاينة"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1159"><span>اقرأ</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=edit" title="عدل الكود المصدري لهذه الصفحة [e]" accesskey="e"><span>عدّل</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=history" title="النسخ السابقة لهذه الصفحة [h]" accesskey="h"><span>تاريخ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="أدوات الصفحة"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="أدوات" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">أدوات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">أدوات</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">انقل للشريط الجانبي</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">أخف</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="المزيد من الخيارات" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> إجراءات </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/1159"><span>اقرأ</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=edit" title="عدل الكود المصدري لهذه الصفحة [e]" accesskey="e"><span>عدّل</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=history"><span>تاريخ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> عام </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D9%8A%D8%B5%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%A7/1159" title="قائمة بكل صفحات الويكي التي تصل هنا [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ماذا يصل هنا</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9/1159" rel="nofollow" title="أحدث التغييرات في الصفحات الموصولة من هذه الصفحة [k]" accesskey="k"><span>تغييرات ذات علاقة</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/ويكيبيديا:رفع" title="ارفع ملفات [u]" accesskey="u"><span>رفع ملف</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&oldid=69038689" title="وصلة دائمة لهذه النسخة من الصفحة"><span>وصلة دائمة</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=info" title="المزيد من المعلومات عن هذه الصفحة"><span>معلومات الصفحة</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF&page=1159&id=69038689&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="معلومات عن كيفية الاستشهاد بالصفحة"><span>استشهد بهذه الصفحة</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Far.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F1159"><span>احصل على مسار مختصر</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Far.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F1159"><span>تنزيل رمز الاستجابة السريعة</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> طباعة/تصدير </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=1159"><span>إنشاء كتاب</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=1159&action=show-download-screen"><span>تحميل PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&printable=yes" title="نسخة للطباعة لهذه الصفحة [p]" accesskey="p"><span>نسخة للطباعة</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> في مشاريع أخرى </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1159" hreflang="en"><span>ويكيميديا كومنز</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19659" title="وصلة إلى المادة المرتبطة في مستودع البيانات المركزي [g]" accesskey="g"><span>عنصر ويكي بيانات</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="أدوات الصفحة"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="المظهر"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">المظهر</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">انقل للشريط الجانبي</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">أخف</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ar" dir="rtl"><p>سنة <b>1159</b> كانت <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A3_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="سنة بسيطة تبدأ يوم الخميس">سنة بسيطة تبدأ يوم الخميس</a> (سوف يظهر الرابط التقويم الكامل للعام) حسب <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="تقويم يولياني">التقويم اليولياني</a>. </p> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right; font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="قائمة الألفيات">ألفية</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="2 ألفية">ألفية 2</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right; font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="قائمة القرون">قرون</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_11" title="القرن 11">القرن 11</a> – <b><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_12" title="القرن 12">القرن 12</a></b> – <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_13" title="القرن 13">القرن 13</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right; font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF" title="قائمة العقود">عقود</a>: </th> <td><small> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1120" title="عقد 1120">عقد 1120</a>  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1130" title="عقد 1130">عقد 1130</a>  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1140" title="عقد 1140">عقد 1140</a>  – <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1150" title="عقد 1150">عقد 1150</a> –  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1160" title="عقد 1160">عقد 1160</a>  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1170" title="عقد 1170">عقد 1170</a>  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1180" title="عقد 1180">عقد 1180</a> </small> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right; font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="قائمة السنوات">سنين</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/1156" title="1156">1156</a> <a href="/wiki/1157" title="1157">1157</a> <a href="/wiki/1158" title="1158">1158</a> – <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1159</a></b> – <a href="/wiki/1160" title="1160">1160</a> <a href="/wiki/1161" title="1161">1161</a> <a href="/wiki/1162" title="1162">1162</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%"><span class="summary dtstart">1159 في التقاويم الأخرى</span></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="تقويم ميلادي">تقويم ميلادي</a></td><td>1159<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MCLIX</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="تقويم هجري">تقويم هجري</a></td><td>553–554</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="تقويم هجري شمسي">تقويم هجري شمسي</a></td><td>537–538</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%8A" title="تقويم أمازيغي">تقويم أمازيغي</a></td><td>2109</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="من بداية روما">من بداية روما</a></td><td>1912</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A" title="تقويم أرمني">تقويم أرمني</a></td><td>608<br />ԹՎ ՈԸ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="تقويم سرياني">تقويم سرياني</a></td><td>5909</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="تقويم بنغالي">تقويم بنغالي</a></td><td>566</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Regnal years of English monarchs"> سنة عرش إنجليزي</a></td><td>5 <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="هنري الثاني ملك إنجلترا">هنري. 2</a> – 6 <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="هنري الثاني ملك إنجلترا">هنري. 2</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B0%D9%8A" title="تقويم بوذي">تقويم بوذي</a></td><td>1703</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A" title="تقويم بورمي">تقويم بورمي</a></td><td>521</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%8A" title="تقويم بيزنطي">تقويم بيزنطي</a></td><td>6667–6668</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A" title="تقويم صيني">تقويم صيني</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexagenary cycle">戊寅</a>年 <small>(<a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="برج النمر">النمر</a> الأرضي)</small><br />3855 أو 3795<br />    <i>— إلى —</i><br />己卯年 <small>(<a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A8" title="برج الأرنب">الأرنب</a> الأرضي)</small><br />3856 أو 3796</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%8A" title="تقويم قبطي">تقويم قبطي</a></td><td>875–876</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="تقويم ديسكوردي">تقويم ديسكوردي</a></td><td>2325</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A5%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="تقويم إثيوبي">تقويم إثيوبي</a></td><td>1151–1152</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="تقويم عبري">تقويم عبري</a></td><td>4919–4920</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="تقويم هندي">تقويمات هندية</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%85_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="بيكرم سامفات">بيكرم سامفات</a></i></td><td>1215–1216</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="تقويم هندي وطني">شاكا سامفات</a></i></td><td>1081–1082</td></tr><tr><td> - <i><a href="/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A7" title="كالي يوغا">كالي يوغا</a></i></td><td>4260–4261</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86" title="تقويم هولوسين">تقويم هولوسين</a></td><td>11159</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A5%D8%BA%D8%A8%D9%88" title="تقويم إغبو">تقويم إغبو</a></td><td>159–160</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="تقويمات إيرانية">تقويم إيراني</a></td><td>537–538</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="تقويم ياباني">تقويم ياباني</a></td><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C5%8Dgen_(era)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hōgen (era) (الصفحة غير موجودة)">Hōgen</a> 4 / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heiji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heiji (الصفحة غير موجودة)">Heiji</a> 1<br /><small>(平治元年)</small></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="تقويم يولياني">تقويم يولياني</a></td><td>1159<br /><span style="font-family: serif;"><i>MCLIX</i></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="تقويم كوري">تقويم كوري</a></td><td>3492</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%88" title="تقويم مينغوو">تقويم مينغوو</a></td><td>753 قبل إعلان <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تايوان">جمهورية الصين</a><br /><small>民前753年</small></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A" title="تقويم سلوقي">تقويم سلوقي</a></td><td>1470/1471 <a href="/wiki/Anno_Graecorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Anno Graecorum">AG</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="تقويم تايلندي">تقويم تايلندي</a></td><td>1701–1702</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67666671">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:right;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-left:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-right:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><span>هذا الصندوق: </span><ul><li class="nv-اعرض"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%89" title="قالب:السنة في التقاويم الأخرى"><span title="عرض هذا القالب">اعرض</span></a></li><li class="nv-ناقش"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%89" title="نقاش القالب:السنة في التقاويم الأخرى"><span title="ناقش هذا القالب">ناقش</span></a></li><li class="nv-عدل"><a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%89&action=edit"><span title="عدل هذا القالب">عدل</span></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="أحداث"><span id=".D8.A3.D8.AD.D8.AF.D8.A7.D8.AB"></span>أحداث</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=edit&section=1" title="عدل القسم: أحداث"><span>عدل</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="7 سبتمبر">7 سبتمبر</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB" title="البابا ألكسندر الثالث">البابا ألكسندر الثالث</a> يخلف <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="أدريان الرابع">البابا أدريان الرابع</a> ليصبح <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بابوية كاثوليكية">البابا</a> رقم 170.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>اندلاع ثورة هيجي في <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اليابان">اليابان</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>استعادة <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3_(%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9)" title="تونس (مدينة)">تونس</a> من <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="نورمان">النورمان</a> على يد الخلفاء <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الدولة الموحدية">الموحدين</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>تعيين رجل الدين <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ريتشارد فيتزنيل (الصفحة غير موجودة)">ريتشارد فيتزنيل</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="اللورد أمين الصندوق الأعلى (الصفحة غير موجودة)">لورد أعلى للخزانة</a> في <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="مملكة إنجلترا">إنجلترا</a>، ليكون مسؤولًا عن <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9_(%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="خزانة (بريطانيا)">خزانة</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_(%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7)" title="هنري الثاني (ملك إنجلترا)">هنري الثاني ملك إنجلترا</a>، وهو المنصب الذي سيشغله لمدة 40 عامًا تقريبًا.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="مواليد"><span id=".D9.85.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.8A.D8.AF"></span>مواليد</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=edit&section=2" title="عدل القسم: مواليد"><span>عدل</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88%D9%8A" title="ابن يعيش النحوي">ابن يعيش النحوي</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%8A-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="ميناموتو نو يوشي-تسونه">ميناموتو نو يوشي-تسونه</a> - جنرال ياباني (ت. <a href="/wiki/1189" title="1189">1189</a> ) <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="وفيات"><span id=".D9.88.D9.81.D9.8A.D8.A7.D8.AA"></span>وفيات</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=edit&section=3" title="عدل القسم: وفيات"><span>عدل</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/30_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88" title="30 مايو">30 مايو</a> – فلاديسلاوس الثاني، في منفي بولندا (و. <a href="/wiki/1105" title="1105">1105</a> ) <sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29_%D8%A3%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%B3" title="29 أغسطس">29 أغسطس</a> – بيرثا سولزباخ، الإمبراطورة البيزنطية (و. <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%AF_1110" title="عقد 1110">1110</a>) <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="1 سبتمبر">1 سبتمبر</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="أدريان الرابع">البابا أدريان الرابع</a> ( <a href="/wiki/1100" title="1100">1100</a> ق.م) <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="11 أكتوبر">11 أكتوبر</a> – <a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D8%8C_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ويليام الأول، كونت بولوني">ويليام بلوا</a> كونت بولوني وإيرل ساري (<a href="/wiki/1137" title="1137">1137</a> ق.م) <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7" title="جوسلين الثاني كونت الرها">جوسلين الثاني كونت الرها</a> <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="مراجع"><span id=".D9.85.D8.B1.D8.A7.D8.AC.D8.B9"></span>مراجع</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1159&action=edit&section=4" title="عدل القسم: مراجع"><span>عدل</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68964954">.mw-parser-output .reflist-wrap{overflow-y:auto;max-height:300px}.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:36em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:28em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-4{column-width:20em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}@media print{.mw-parser-output .reflist{overflow-y:visible!important;max-height:none!important}}</style><div class="reflist-wrap"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68982381">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")left 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBarlow1936" class="citation journal cs1">Barlow، Frank (أبريل 1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_english-historical-review_1936-04_51_202/page/264">"The English, Norman, and French Councils Called to Deal with the Papal Schism of 1159"</a>. <i>The English Historical Review</i>. ج. 51 ع. 202: 264–268. <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A" title="معرف الغرض الرقمي">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fehr%2FLI.CCII.264">10.1093/ehr/LI.CCII.264</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الرقم التسلسلي القياسي الدولي">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0013-8266">0013-8266</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="جايستور">JSTOR</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/553521">553521</a>. <q>In September 1159 Pope Adrian IV died, and a double election was made to the Papacy. The imperialist faction chose Octavian, cardinal-priest of St. Cecilia, who took the title of Victor IV, and the church party Roland, the chancellor, who became known as Alexander III.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+English+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=The+English%2C+Norman%2C+and+French+Councils+Called+to+Deal+with+the+Papal+Schism+of+1159&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=202&rft.pages=264-268&rft.date=1936-04&rft.issn=0013-8266&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F553521%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fehr%2FLI.CCII.264&rft.aulast=Barlow&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_english-historical-review_1936-04_51_202%2Fpage%2F264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFDolan2002" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dolan, Terence (2002) [1999]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aUr31ZoNGuAC&q=1159+pope+Adrian+IV&pg=PA208">"Chapter 8: Writing in Ireland"</a>. In Wallace, David (ed.). <i>The Cambridge History of Medieval English Literature</i> (بالإنجليزية). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780521890465" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780521890465"><bdi>9780521890465</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+8%3A+Writing+in+Ireland&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Medieval+English+Literature&rft.place=Cambridge+and+New+York&rft.pages=208&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9780521890465&rft.aulast=Dolan&rft.aufirst=Terence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaUr31ZoNGuAC%26q%3D1159%2Bpope%2BAdrian%2BIV%26pg%3DPA208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFBarnum1876" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Barnum, Samuel Weed (1876). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240301133128/https://books.google.com/books?id=hMpMAQAAMAAJ&q=1159+pope+Alexander+III&pg=PA161"><i>Romanism as it is: An Exposition of the Roman Catholic System, for the Use of the American People Embracing a Full Account of Its Origin and Development at Rome and from Rome, Its Distinctive Features in Theory and Practice, Its Characteristic Tendencies and Aims, Its Statistical and Moral Position, and Its Special Relations to American Institutions and Liberties; the Whole Drawn from Official and Authentic Sources, and Enriched with Numerous Illustrations, Documentary, Historical, Descriptive, Anecdotical and Pictorial: Together with a Full and Complete Index, and an Appendix of Matters from 1871 to 1876</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Hartford, CT: Connecticut Publishing Company. p. 11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hMpMAQAAMAAJ&q=1159+pope+Alexander+III&pg=PA161">the original</a> on 2024-03-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Romanism+as+it+is%3A+An+Exposition+of+the+Roman+Catholic+System%2C+for+the+Use+of+the+American+People+Embracing+a+Full+Account+of+Its+Origin+and+Development+at+Rome+and+from+Rome%2C+Its+Distinctive+Features+in+Theory+and+Practice%2C+Its+Characteristic+Tendencies+and+Aims%2C+Its+Statistical+and+Moral+Position%2C+and+Its+Special+Relations+to+American+Institutions+and+Liberties%3B+the+Whole+Drawn+from+Official+and+Authentic+Sources%2C+and+Enriched+with+Numerous+Illustrations%2C+Documentary%2C+Historical%2C+Descriptive%2C+Anecdotical+and+Pictorial%3A+Together+with+a+Full+and+Complete+Index%2C+and+an+Appendix+of+Matters+from+1871+to+1876&rft.place=Hartford%2C+CT&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Connecticut+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1876&rft.aulast=Barnum&rft.aufirst=Samuel+Weed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhMpMAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D1159%2Bpope%2BAlexander%2BIII%26pg%3DPA161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFFebbraroShwetje2010" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Febbraro, Flavio; Shwetje, Burkhard (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20230609062945/https://books.google.com/books?id=Mr1GDwAAQBAJ&q=1159+Heiji+Rebellion&pg=PA100"><i>How To Read World History in Art: From the Code of Hammurabit to September 11</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). New York: Abrams Books. p. 100. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780810996830" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780810996830"><bdi>9780810996830</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Mr1GDwAAQBAJ&q=1159+Heiji+Rebellion&pg=PA100">the original</a> on 2023-06-09.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+To+Read+World+History+in+Art%3A+From+the+Code+of+Hammurabit+to+September+11&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=100&rft.pub=Abrams+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780810996830&rft.aulast=Febbraro&rft.aufirst=Flavio&rft.au=Shwetje%2C+Burkhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMr1GDwAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BHeiji%2BRebellion%26pg%3DPA100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFMatsunami1979" class="citation journal cs1">Matsunami، Yoshihiro (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.18874%2Fjjrs.6.1-2.1979.329-345">"Conflict within the Development of Buddhism"</a>. <i>Japanese Journal of Religious Studies</i>. ج. 6 ع. 1/2: 329–345. <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A" title="معرف الغرض الرقمي">DOI</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="يمكن الوصول إليها بحرية"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.18874%2Fjjrs.6.1-2.1979.329-345">10.18874/jjrs.6.1-2.1979.329-345</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الرقم التسلسلي القياسي الدولي">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0304-1042">0304-1042</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1" title="جايستور">JSTOR</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30233204">30233204</a>. <q>Wars, beginning with the Hogen rebellion of 1156 and the Heiji rebellion of 1159, occurred in rapid succession, bringing confusion and chaos to the people.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Japanese+Journal+of+Religious+Studies&rft.atitle=Conflict+within+the+Development+of+Buddhism&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.pages=329-345&rft.date=1979&rft.issn=0304-1042&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30233204%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.18874%2Fjjrs.6.1-2.1979.329-345&rft.aulast=Matsunami&rft.aufirst=Yoshihiro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.18874%252Fjjrs.6.1-2.1979.329-345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFSelinger2013" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Selinger, Vyjayanthi R. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gbwdAAAAQBAJ&q=1159+Heiji+Rebellion&pg=PA1">"Chapter 1: Genpei Jōsuiki and the Historical Narration of the Genpei War"</a>. <i>Authorizing the Shogunate: Ritual and Material Symbolism in the Literary Construction of Warrior Order</i> (بالإنجليزية). Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9789004255333" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9789004255333"><bdi>9789004255333</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Genpei+J%C5%8Dsuiki+and+the+Historical+Narration+of+the+Genpei+War&rft.btitle=Authorizing+the+Shogunate%3A+Ritual+and+Material+Symbolism+in+the+Literary+Construction+of+Warrior+Order&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Boston&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9789004255333&rft.aulast=Selinger&rft.aufirst=Vyjayanthi+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgbwdAAAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BHeiji%2BRebellion%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFAbelsBachrach2001" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abels, Richard Philip; Bachrach, Bernard S. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204317/https://books.google.com/books?id=AOKfN0lPLaoC&q=1159+Tunis+Normans&pg=RA1-PA99"><i>The Normans and Their Adversaries at War: Essays in Memory of C. Warren Hollister</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Woodbridge, UK, Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer. p. 99. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780851158471" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780851158471"><bdi>9780851158471</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AOKfN0lPLaoC&q=1159+Tunis+Normans&pg=RA1-PA99">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Normans+and+Their+Adversaries+at+War%3A+Essays+in+Memory+of+C.+Warren+Hollister&rft.place=Woodbridge%2C+UK%2C+Rochester%2C+NY&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780851158471&rft.aulast=Abels&rft.aufirst=Richard+Philip&rft.au=Bachrach%2C+Bernard+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAOKfN0lPLaoC%26q%3D1159%2BTunis%2BNormans%26pg%3DRA1-PA99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFPerkins2016" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Perkins, Kenneth J. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204341/https://books.google.com/books?id=AIMRDQAAQBAJ&q=1159+Tunis+Normans&pg=PA197"><i>Historical Dictionary of Tunisia</i></a> (بالإنجليزية) (Third ed.). Lanham, MA, Boulder, CO, New York, London: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9781442273184" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9781442273184"><bdi>9781442273184</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AIMRDQAAQBAJ&q=1159+Tunis+Normans&pg=PA197">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Tunisia&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MA%2C+Boulder%2C+CO%2C+New+York%2C+London&rft.pages=197&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781442273184&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAIMRDQAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BTunis%2BNormans%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFJacobsMorris2001" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jacobs, Daniel; Morris, Peter (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204316/https://books.google.com/books?id=k2By-NdV93AC&q=1159+Tunis+Normans&pg=PR294"><i>The Rough Guide to Tunisia</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). London and New York: Rough Guides. p. 432. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9781858287485" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9781858287485"><bdi>9781858287485</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k2By-NdV93AC&q=1159+Tunis+Normans&pg=PR294">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+Tunisia&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=432&rft.pub=Rough+Guides&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9781858287485&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Morris%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk2By-NdV93AC%26q%3D1159%2BTunis%2BNormans%26pg%3DPR294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFTout1920" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tout, Thomas Frederick (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204309/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q95RAQAAIAAJ&q=1159+Richard+FitzNeal&pg=PA88"><i>Chapters in the Administrative History of Mediaeval England: The Wardrobe, the Chamber and the Small Seals</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press. Vol. 1. p. 88. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q95RAQAAIAAJ&q=1159+Richard+FitzNeal&pg=PA88">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chapters+in+the+Administrative+History+of+Mediaeval+England%3A+The+Wardrobe%2C+the+Chamber+and+the+Small+Seals&rft.place=Manchester+and+New+York&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Tout&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Frederick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ95RAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D1159%2BRichard%2BFitzNeal%26pg%3DPA88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFAbbey1999" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abbey, Chatteris (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204322/https://books.google.com/books?id=RRtWubS24-YC&q=1159+Richard+FitzNeal&pg=PA29"><i>The Cartulary of Chatteris Abbey</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Woodbridge, UK and Rochester, NY: Boydell Press. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780851157504" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780851157504"><bdi>9780851157504</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RRtWubS24-YC&q=1159+Richard+FitzNeal&pg=PA29">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cartulary+of+Chatteris+Abbey&rft.place=Woodbridge%2C+UK+and+Rochester%2C+NY&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Boydell+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780851157504&rft.aulast=Abbey&rft.aufirst=Chatteris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRRtWubS24-YC%26q%3D1159%2BRichard%2BFitzNeal%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFKarn2007" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Karn, Nicholas (2007). "Nigel, bishop of Ely, and the restoration of the exchequer after the 'anarchy' of King Stephen's reign*". <i>Historical Research</i> (بالإنجليزية). <b>80</b> (209): 299–314. <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A" title="معرف الغرض الرقمي">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2281.2006.00392.x">10.1111/j.1468-2281.2006.00392.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الرقم التسلسلي القياسي الدولي">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1468-2281">1468-2281</a>. <q>The author of the Liber Eliensis indicates that Richard was appointed in 1159, during the preparations for the Toulouse campaign</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historical+Research&rft.atitle=Nigel%2C+bishop+of+Ely%2C+and+the+restoration+of+the+exchequer+after+the+%27anarchy%27+of+King+Stephen%27s+reign%2A&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=209&rft.pages=299-314&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1468-2281.2006.00392.x&rft.issn=1468-2281&rft.aulast=Karn&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFCarter2014" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Carter, Steven D. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204339/https://books.google.com/books?id=HXbeAwAAQBAJ&q=1159+Minamoto+no+Yoshitsune&pg=PA162"><i>The Columbia Anthology of Japanese Essays: Zuihitsu from the Tenth to the Twenty-First Century</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). New York: Columbia University Press. p. 162. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780231537551" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780231537551"><bdi>9780231537551</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HXbeAwAAQBAJ&q=1159+Minamoto+no+Yoshitsune&pg=PA162">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Columbia+Anthology+of+Japanese+Essays%3A+Zuihitsu+from+the+Tenth+to+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=162&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9780231537551&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=Steven+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHXbeAwAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BMinamoto%2Bno%2BYoshitsune%26pg%3DPA162&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFHenshall2012" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Henshall, K. (2012) [1999]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204609/https://books.google.com/books?id=RX52MsrFdl4C&q=1159+Minamoto+no+Yoshitsune&pg=PA32"><i>A History of Japan: From Stone Age to Superpower</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). London and New York: Springer. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780230369184" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780230369184"><bdi>9780230369184</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RX52MsrFdl4C&q=1159+Minamoto+no+Yoshitsune&pg=PA32">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Japan%3A+From+Stone+Age+to+Superpower&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780230369184&rft.aulast=Henshall&rft.aufirst=K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRX52MsrFdl4C%26q%3D1159%2BMinamoto%2Bno%2BYoshitsune%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFMiyawaki–okada2006" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Miyawaki–okada, Junko (1 Jan 2006). "The Japanese Origin of the Chinggis Khan Legends". <i>Inner Asia</i> (بالإنجليزية). <b>8</b> (1): 123–34. <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A" title="معرف الغرض الرقمي">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F146481706793646819">10.1163/146481706793646819</a>. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="الرقم التسلسلي القياسي الدولي">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2210-5018">2210-5018</a>. <q>Minamoto no Yoshitsune, or Gen Gikei as his name is in Sino-Japanese pronunciation, was born in 1159 as a half brother of Minamoto no Yoritomo</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Inner+Asia&rft.atitle=The+Japanese+Origin+of+the+Chinggis+Khan+Legends&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=123-34&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F146481706793646819&rft.issn=2210-5018&rft.aulast=Miyawaki%E2%80%93okada&rft.aufirst=Junko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFSalamonHardtKrukSulikowska2012" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Salamon, Maciej; Hardt, Matthias; Kruk, Mirosław Piotr; Sulikowska, Aleksandra (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265972610">"The Archetypal Crusader. Henry of Sandomierz, the Second Youngest Son of Bolesław III by Darius Von Güttner-Sporzyński"</a>. <i>Rome, Constantinople and Newly-converted Europe: Archaeological and Historical Evidence</i> (بالإنجليزية). Kraków, Leipzig, Rzeszów, Warszawa: Geisteswissenschaftliches Zentrum Geschichte und Kultur Ostmitteleuropas. p. 215. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9788389499851" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9788389499851"><bdi>9788389499851</bdi></a>. <q>Within the decade of his birth Henry's father died, and Henry's elder half-brother Władysław ii Wygnaniec (the exile [1105-1159]) ascended the Polish throne.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Archetypal+Crusader.+Henry+of+Sandomierz%2C+the+Second+Youngest+Son+of+Boles%C5%82aw+III+by+Darius+Von+G%C3%BCttner-Sporzy%C5%84ski&rft.btitle=Rome%2C+Constantinople+and+Newly-converted+Europe%3A+Archaeological+and+Historical+Evidence&rft.place=Krak%C3%B3w%2C+Leipzig%2C+Rzesz%C3%B3w%2C+Warszawa&rft.pages=215&rft.pub=Geisteswissenschaftliches+Zentrum+Geschichte+und+Kultur+Ostmitteleuropas&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9788389499851&rft.aulast=Salamon&rft.aufirst=Maciej&rft.au=Hardt%2C+Matthias&rft.au=Kruk%2C+Miros%C5%82aw+Piotr&rft.au=Sulikowska%2C+Aleksandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F265972610&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFBerendUrbańczykWiszewski2013" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Berend, Nora; Urbańczyk, Przemysław; Wiszewski, Przemysław (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204545/https://books.google.com/books?id=5eNRAgAAQBAJ&q=1159+W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw+II+the+Exile&pg=PA175"><i>Central Europe in the High Middle Ages: Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, c.900–c.1300</i></a>. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks (بالإنجليزية). Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 175. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9781107651395" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9781107651395"><bdi>9781107651395</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5eNRAgAAQBAJ&q=1159+W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw+II+the+Exile&pg=PA175">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Central+Europe+in+the+High+Middle+Ages%3A+Bohemia%2C+Hungary+and+Poland%2C+c.900%E2%80%93c.1300&rft.place=Cambridge+and+New+York&rft.series=Cambridge+Medieval+Textbooks&rft.pages=175&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781107651395&rft.aulast=Berend&rft.aufirst=Nora&rft.au=Urba%C5%84czyk%2C+Przemys%C5%82aw&rft.au=Wiszewski%2C+Przemys%C5%82aw&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5eNRAgAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BW%25C5%2582adys%25C5%2582aw%2BII%2Bthe%2BExile%26pg%3DPA175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFGarland1999" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Garland, Lynda (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204339/https://books.google.com/books?id=6gWGAgAAQBAJ&q=1159+Bertha+of+Sulzbach&pg=PA201"><i>Byzantine Empresses: Women and Power in Byzantium AD 527-1204</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). London and New York: Routledge. p. 201. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9781134756391" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9781134756391"><bdi>9781134756391</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6gWGAgAAQBAJ&q=1159+Bertha+of+Sulzbach&pg=PA201">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Byzantine+Empresses%3A+Women+and+Power+in+Byzantium+AD+527-1204&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9781134756391&rft.aulast=Garland&rft.aufirst=Lynda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6gWGAgAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BBertha%2Bof%2BSulzbach%26pg%3DPA201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFRunciman1954" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Runciman, Steven (1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204328/https://books.google.com/books?id=fkQOAQAAIAAJ&q=1159+Bertha+of+Sulzbach"><i>A History of the Crusades: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100-1187</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). University Press. p. 359. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780521061636" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780521061636"><bdi>9780521061636</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fkQOAQAAIAAJ&q=1159+Bertha+of+Sulzbach">the original</a> on 2024-02-23. <q>About the end of the year 1159 the Empress Irene, born Bertha of Sulzbach, had died leaving only a daughter behind her.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Crusades%3A+The+Kingdom+of+Jerusalem+and+the+Frankish+East%2C+1100-1187&rft.pages=359&rft.pub=University+Press&rft.date=1954&rft.isbn=9780521061636&rft.aulast=Runciman&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfkQOAQAAIAAJ%26q%3D1159%2BBertha%2Bof%2BSulzbach&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFEden2004" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eden, Bradford Lee (2004). Kleinhenz, Christopher (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240301140800/https://books.google.com/books?id=E2CTAgAAQBAJ&q=1159+Pope+Adrian+IV&pg=PT517"><i>Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). New York and London: Routledge. p. 487. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9781135948801" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9781135948801"><bdi>9781135948801</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E2CTAgAAQBAJ&q=1159+Pope+Adrian+IV&pg=PT517">the original</a> on 2024-03-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Italy%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York+and+London&rft.pages=487&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781135948801&rft.aulast=Eden&rft.aufirst=Bradford+Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE2CTAgAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BPope%2BAdrian%2BIV%26pg%3DPT517&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2004" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Williams, George L. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204601/https://books.google.com/books?id=-mq7ctwMNdoC&q=1159+Pope+Hadrian+IV&pg=PA25"><i>Papal Genealogy: The Families and Descendants of the Popes</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Jefferson, NC and London: McFarland. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780786420711" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780786420711"><bdi>9780786420711</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-mq7ctwMNdoC&q=1159+Pope+Hadrian+IV&pg=PA25">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Papal+Genealogy%3A+The+Families+and+Descendants+of+the+Popes&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC+and+London&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780786420711&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=George+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-mq7ctwMNdoC%26q%3D1159%2BPope%2BHadrian%2BIV%26pg%3DPA25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg1991" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Steinberg, S. H. (1991) [1939]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204328/https://books.google.com/books?id=XjixCwAAQBAJ&q=1159+Pope+Hadrian+IV&pg=PA45"><i>Historical Tables 58 BC – AD 1990</i></a> (بالإنجليزية) (12th ed.). London and Basigstoke: Springer. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9781349127467" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9781349127467"><bdi>9781349127467</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XjixCwAAQBAJ&q=1159+Pope+Hadrian+IV&pg=PA45">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Tables+58+BC+%E2%80%93+AD+1990&rft.place=London+and+Basigstoke&rft.pages=45&rft.edition=12th&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9781349127467&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=S.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXjixCwAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BPope%2BHadrian%2BIV%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFLingard1874" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lingard, John (1874). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K48jAQAAMAAJ&q=1159+William+of+Blois&pg=PA216">"Chapter VIII: William I, Surnamed The Conqueror"</a>. <i>The History of England: From the First Invasion by the Romans to the Accession of William and Mary in 1688</i> (بالإنجليزية). Dublin: James Duffy & Sons. p. 216.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+VIII%3A+William+I%2C+Surnamed+The+Conqueror&rft.btitle=The+History+of+England%3A+From+the+First+Invasion+by+the+Romans+to+the+Accession+of+William+and+Mary+in+1688&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=216&rft.pub=James+Duffy+%26+Sons&rft.date=1874&rft.aulast=Lingard&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK48jAQAAMAAJ%26q%3D1159%2BWilliam%2Bof%2BBlois%26pg%3DPA216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFMcDougall2017" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">McDougall, Sara (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240301140805/https://books.google.com/books?id=yxc1DQAAQBAJ&q=1159+William+of+Blois&pg=PA202"><i>Royal Bastards: The Birth of Illegitimacy, 800-1230</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 202. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780198785828" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780198785828"><bdi>9780198785828</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yxc1DQAAQBAJ&q=1159+William+of+Blois&pg=PA202">the original</a> on 2024-03-01. <q>In 1159 William "Longsword", count of Boulogne, earl of Warenne by right of his wife, the son of King Stephen of England and his wife Matilda of Boulogne, died without issue.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal+Bastards%3A+The+Birth+of+Illegitimacy%2C+800-1230&rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780198785828&rft.aulast=McDougall&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dyxc1DQAAQBAJ%26q%3D1159%2BWilliam%2Bof%2BBlois%26pg%3DPA202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFHillenbrand2003" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hillenbrand, Carol (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=axNbLoiLLgMC&q=1159+Joscelin+II&pg=PA91">"The Imprisonment of Reynald at Châtillon"</a>. In Robinson, Chase F. (ed.). <i>Texts, documents, and artefacts [electronic resource]: Islamic studies in honour of D.S. Richards</i> (بالإنجليزية). Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 91. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9789004128644" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9789004128644"><bdi>9789004128644</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Imprisonment+of+Reynald+at+Ch%C3%A2tillon&rft.btitle=Texts%2C+documents%2C+and+artefacts+%5Belectronic+resource%5D%3A+Islamic+studies+in+honour+of+D.S.+Richards&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Boston&rft.pages=91&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9789004128644&rft.aulast=Hillenbrand&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaxNbLoiLLgMC%26q%3D1159%2BJoscelin%2BII%26pg%3DPA91&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFDashdondog2011" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dashdondog, Bayarsaikhan (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204416/https://books.google.com/books?id=HrqqhduBapQC&q=1159+Joscelin+II&pg=PA36"><i>The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335)</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Leiden, Boston: BRILL. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9789004186354" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9789004186354"><bdi>9789004186354</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HrqqhduBapQC&q=1159+Joscelin+II&pg=PA36">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mongols+and+the+Armenians+%281220-1335%29&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Boston&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9789004186354&rft.aulast=Dashdondog&rft.aufirst=Bayarsaikhan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHrqqhduBapQC%26q%3D1159%2BJoscelin%2BII%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68982381" /><cite id="CITEREFSlack2003" class="mwgadget-numconv-skip citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Slack, Corliss K. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20240223204340/https://books.google.com/books?id=8BjA-GcRHHoC&q=1159+Joscelin+II&pg=PA84"><i>The A to Z of the Crusades</i></a> (بالإنجليزية). Lanham, MD and Plymouth, UK: Scarecrow Press. p. 84. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8" title="النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب">ISBN</a>:<a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8/9780810863316" title="خاص:مصادر كتاب/9780810863316"><bdi>9780810863316</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8BjA-GcRHHoC&q=1159+Joscelin+II&pg=PA84">the original</a> on 2024-02-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+A+to+Z+of+the+Crusades&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD+and+Plymouth%2C+UK&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780810863316&rft.aulast=Slack&rft.aufirst=Corliss+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8BjA-GcRHHoC%26q%3D1159%2BJoscelin%2BII%26pg%3DPA84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Far.wikipedia.org%3A1159" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68409654">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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JsonConfig</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A9_(en)" title="تصنيف:الاستشهاد بمصادر باللغة الإنجليزية (en)">الاستشهاد بمصادر باللغة الإنجليزية (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تصنيف:مقالات تستعمل قوالب معلومات">مقالات تستعمل قوالب معلومات</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A9" title="تصنيف:بوابة العصور الوسطى/مقالات متعلقة">بوابة العصور الوسطى/مقالات متعلقة</a></li><li><a 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