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Comparison and Effectiveness of Cranial Electrical Stimulation Treatment, Brain Training and Their Combination on Language and Verbal Fluency of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Single Subject Design
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script> <!-- Yandex.Metrika counter --> <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript> <!-- /Yandex.Metrika counter --> <!-- Matomo --> <!-- End Matomo Code --> <title>Comparison and Effectiveness of Cranial Electrical Stimulation Treatment, Brain Training and Their Combination on Language and Verbal Fluency of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Single Subject Design</title> <meta name="description" content="Comparison and Effectiveness of Cranial Electrical Stimulation Treatment, Brain Training and Their Combination on Language and Verbal Fluency of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Single Subject Design"> <meta name="keywords" content="cranial electrical stimulation, treatment, brain training, verbal fluency, cognitive impairment"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link 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class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 87351</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">Comparison and Effectiveness of Cranial Electrical Stimulation Treatment, Brain Training and Their Combination on Language and Verbal Fluency of Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Single Subject Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firoozeh%20Ghazanfari">Firoozeh Ghazanfari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kourosh%20Amraei"> Kourosh Amraei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Poorabadi"> Parisa Poorabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mild cognitive impairment is one of the neurocognitive disorders that go beyond age-related decline in cognitive functions, but in fact, it is not so severe which affects daily activities. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effectiveness of treatment with cranial electrical stimulation, brain training and their double combination on the language and verbal fluency of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment. This is a single-subject method with comparative intervention designs. Four patients with a definitive diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment by a psychiatrist were selected via purposive and convenience sampling method. Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Scale (2017) was used to assess language and verbal fluency. Two groups were formed with different order of cranial electrical stimulation treatment, brain training by pencil and paper method and their double combination, and two patients were randomly replaced in each group. The arrangement of the first group included cranial electrical stimulation, brain training, double combination and the second group included double combination, cranial electrical stimulation and brain training, respectively. Treatment plan included: A1, B, A2, C, A3, D, A4, where electrical stimulation treatment was given in ten 30-minutes sessions (5 mA and frequency of 0.5-500 Hz) and brain training in ten 30-minutes sessions. Each baseline lasted four weeks. Patients in first group who first received cranial electrical stimulation treatment showed a higher percentage of improvement in the language and verbal fluency subscale of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination in comparison to patients of the second group. Based on the results, it seems that cranial electrical stimulation with its effect on neurotransmitters and brain blood flow, especially in the brain stem, may prepare the brain at the neurochemical and molecular level for a better effectiveness of brain training at the behavioral level, and the selective treatment of electrical stimulation solitude in the first place may be more effective than combining it with paper-pencil brain training. <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155741.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cranial%20electrical%20stimulation" title="cranial electrical stimulation">cranial electrical stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20training" title=" brain training"> brain training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=verbal%20fluency" title=" verbal fluency"> verbal fluency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20impairment" title=" cognitive impairment"> cognitive impairment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155741/comparison-and-effectiveness-of-cranial-electrical-stimulation-treatment-brain-training-and-their-combination-on-language-and-verbal-fluency-of-patients-with-mild-cognitive-impairment-a-single-subject-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div 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