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class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-定義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#定義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>定義</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-定義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-現代的測量" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#現代的測量"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>現代的測量</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-現代的測量-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-使用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#使用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>使用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-使用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" 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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸讀物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>延伸讀物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸讀物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">天文單位</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。115种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-115" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">115种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiese_eenheid" title="Astronomiese eenheid – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Astronomiese eenheid" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomische_Einheit" title="Astronomische Einheit – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Astronomische Einheit" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidat_astronomica" title="Unidat astronomica – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Unidat astronomica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="وحدة فلكية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وحدة فلكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="عبرة فلكية – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="عبرة فلكية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%87" title="وحده فلكيه – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وحده فلكيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unid%C3%A1_astron%C3%B3mica" title="Unidá astronómica – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Unidá astronómica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomik_vahid" title="Astronomik vahid – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Astronomik vahid" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="آسترونومیک واحید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آسترونومیک واحید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Астранамічная адзінка – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Астранамічная адзінка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Астранамічная адзінка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Астранамічная адзінка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Астрономическа единица – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Астрономическа единица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%95" title="জ্যোতির্বৈজ্ঞানিক একক – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জ্যোতির্বৈজ্ঞানিক একক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unanenn_astronomek" title="Unanenn astronomek – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Unanenn astronomek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomska_jedinica" title="Astronomska jedinica – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Astronomska jedinica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitat_astron%C3%B2mica" title="Unitat astronòmica – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Unitat astronòmica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95" title="یەکەی ئەستێرەناسانە – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یەکەی ئەستێرەناسانە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomick%C3%A1_jednotka" title="Astronomická jednotka – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Astronomická jednotka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BF%C4%95%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95" title="Астрономилле пĕрчĕ – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Астрономилле пĕрчĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uned_seryddol" title="Uned seryddol – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Uned seryddol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomisk_enhed" title="Astronomisk enhed – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Astronomisk enhed" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomische_Einheit" title="Astronomische Einheit – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Astronomische Einheit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Αστρονομική μονάδα – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αστρονομική μονάδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Astronomical unit" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomia_unuo" title="Astronomia unuo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Astronomia unuo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidad_astron%C3%B3mica" title="Unidad astronómica – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Unidad astronómica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoomiline_%C3%BChik" title="Astronoomiline ühik – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Astronoomiline ühik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitate_astronomiko" title="Unitate astronomiko – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Unitate astronomiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF_%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="واحد نجومی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="واحد نجومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronominen_yksikk%C3%B6" title="Astronominen yksikkö – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Astronominen yksikkö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%C3%A9_astronomique" title="Unité astronomique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Unité astronomique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoomisk_Ianhaid" title="Astronoomisk Ianhaid – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Astronoomisk Ianhaid" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aonad_r%C3%A9alteola%C3%ADoch" title="Aonad réalteolaíoch – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aonad réalteolaíoch" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidade_astron%C3%B3mica" title="Unidade astronómica – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Unidade astronómica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidad_astron%C3%B3mica" title="Unidad astronómica – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Unidad astronómica" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unnid_rollageydagh" title="Unnid rollageydagh – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Unnid rollageydagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="יחידה אסטרונומית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יחידה אסטרונומית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="खगोलीय इकाई – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खगोलीय इकाई" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomska_jedinica" title="Astronomska jedinica – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Astronomska jedinica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csillag%C3%A1szati_egys%C3%A9g" title="Csillagászati egység – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csillagászati egység" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Աստղագիտական միավոր – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աստղագիտական միավոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satuan_astronomi" title="Satuan astronomi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Satuan astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otu_ihe_na-enyocha_mbara_igwe" title="Otu ihe na-enyocha mbara igwe – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Otu ihe na-enyocha mbara igwe" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiala_unajo" title="Astronomiala unajo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Astronomiala unajo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stjarnfr%C3%A6%C3%B0ieining" title="Stjarnfræðieining – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stjarnfræðieining" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_astronomica" title="Unità astronomica – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Unità astronomica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%8D%98%E4%BD%8D" title="天文単位 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="天文単位" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satuan_astronomi" title="Satuan astronomi – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Satuan astronomi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ასტრონომიული ერთეული – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ასტრონომიული ერთეული" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigget_tasnullant" title="Tigget tasnullant – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tigget tasnullant" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Астрономиялық бірлік – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Астрономиялық бірлік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B3_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಖಗೋಳ ಮಾನ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಖಗೋಳ ಮಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%9C%EB%AC%B8%EB%8B%A8%EC%9C%84" title="천문단위 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="천문단위" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yekeya_astronom%C3%AEk" title="Yekeya astronomîk – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Yekeya astronomîk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitas_astronomica" title="Unitas astronomica – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Unitas astronomica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomesch_Eenheet" title="Astronomesch Eenheet – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Astronomesch Eenheet" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unia_astronomial" title="Unia astronomial – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Unia astronomial" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomische_einheid" title="Astronomische einheid – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Astronomische einheid" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_Astronomica" title="Unità Astronomica – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Unità Astronomica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronominis_vienetas" title="Astronominis vienetas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Astronominis vienetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomisk%C4%81_vien%C4%ABba" title="Astronomiskā vienība – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Astronomiskā vienība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Астрономска единица – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Астрономска единица" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="അസ്ട്രോണമിക്കൽ യൂണിറ്റ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അസ്ട്രോണമിക്കൽ യൂണിറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B6" title="Одон орны нэгж – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Одон орны нэгж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%95" title="खगोलीय एकक – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खगोलीय एकक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_astronomi" title="Unit astronomi – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Unit astronomi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ounidade_astron%C3%B3mica" title="Ounidade astronómica – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ounidade astronómica" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Astronomical unit" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronoomsch_Eenheit" title="Astronoomsch Eenheit – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Astronoomsch Eenheit" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomische_eenheid" title="Astronomische eenheid – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Astronomische eenheid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomisk_eining" title="Astronomisk eining – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Astronomisk eining" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomisk_enhet" title="Astronomisk enhet – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Astronomisk enhet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitat_astronomica" title="Unitat astronomica – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Unitat astronomica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88" title="ਖਗੋਲੀ ਇਕਾਈ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖਗੋਲੀ ਇਕਾਈ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jednostka_astronomiczna" title="Jednostka astronomiczna – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jednostka astronomiczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_Astron%C3%B2mica" title="Unità Astronòmica – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Unità Astronòmica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84" title="اسمانی میل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اسمانی میل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF" title="نجومي واحد – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نجومي واحد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidade_astron%C3%B4mica" title="Unidade astronômica – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Unidade astronômica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitate_astronomic%C4%83" title="Unitate astronomică – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Unitate astronomică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Астрономическая единица – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Астрономическая единица" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Астрономична единка – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Астрономична единка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BA%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9%D1%8D" title="Астроном кээмэйэ – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Астроном кээмэйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidadi_astron%C3%B2mica" title="Unidadi astronòmica – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Unidadi astronòmica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_astrun%C3%B2mica" title="Unità astrunòmica – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Unità astrunòmica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Astronomical unit" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%BD%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%84_%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%BD" title="آسٽروناميڪل يونٽ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آسٽروناميڪل يونٽ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomska_jedinica" title="Astronomska jedinica – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Astronomska jedinica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Astronomical unit" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomick%C3%A1_jednotka" title="Astronomická jednotka – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Astronomická jednotka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomska_enota" title="Astronomska enota – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Astronomska enota" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Astronomical unit" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Астрономска јединица – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Астрономска јединица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomiske_Eenhaid" title="Astronomiske Eenhaid – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Astronomiske Eenhaid" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hijian_Astronomi" title="Hijian Astronomi – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hijian Astronomi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomisk_enhet" title="Astronomisk enhet – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Astronomisk enhet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizio_astronomia" title="Kizio astronomia – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kizio astronomia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="வானியல் அலகு – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வானியல் அலகு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D1%83%D2%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Воҳиди нуҷумӣ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Воҳиди нуҷумӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="หน่วยดาราศาสตร์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยดาราศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomik_birlik" title="Astronomik birlik – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Astronomik birlik" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunit_na_pang-astronomiya" title="Yunit na pang-astronomiya – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Yunit na pang-astronomiya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomik_birim" title="Astronomik birim – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Astronomik birim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Астрономик берәмлек – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Астрономик берәмлек" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Астрономической единица – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Астрономической единица" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Астрономічна одиниця – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Астрономічна одиниця" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="فلکیاتی اکائی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فلکیاتی اکائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomik_birlik" title="Astronomik birlik – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Astronomik birlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C6%A1n_v%E1%BB%8B_thi%C3%AAn_v%C4%83n" title="Đơn vị thiên văn – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đơn vị thiên văn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunit_astronomiko" title="Yunit astronomiko – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Yunit astronomiko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="天文单位 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="天文单位" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ასტრონომიული ართული – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ასტრონომიული ართული" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="אסטראנאמישע איינס – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אסטראנאמישע איינס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thian-b%C3%BBn_tan-%C5%ABi" title="Thian-bûn tan-ūi – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Thian-bûn tan-ūi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="天文單位 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="天文單位" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1811#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-710b79a7" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Physics"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Unit"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Astronomical_unit.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Astronomical_unit.png/220px-Astronomical_unit.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Astronomical_unit.png/330px-Astronomical_unit.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Astronomical_unit.png/440px-Astronomical_unit.png 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="745" /></a><figcaption>灰線表示地球與太陽的距離，其平均值即為1個天文單位。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>天文單位</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Astronomical unit</span>，縮寫的標準符號為<b>AU</b>，也寫成<b>au</b>、<b>a.u.</b>或<b>ua</b><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>）是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="天文學">天文學</a>上的<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="長度">長度</a>單位，曾以<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽">太陽</a>的平均距離定義。2012年8月，天文学家以<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%AE%B0%E5%90%8D%E6%8A%95%E7%A5%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="无记名投票">无记名投票</a>的方式，根據NASA最新消息，把天文单位固定为149,597,870,700米<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。新的天文单位以公尺来定义，而公尺的定义来源于<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA" title="真空">真空</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9F" title="光速">光速</a>，也就是说，天文单位现在不再与地球與太阳的實際距离挂钩，而且也不再受时间变化的影响（虽然天文单位最初的来源就是日地平均距离）。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="定義"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E7.BE.A9"></span>定義</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：定義"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85099211">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="地球轨道">地球軌道</a></div> <p>天文單位（AU）最原始的定義是地球環繞太陽的橢圓軌道<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%95%B7%E8%BB%B8" title="半長軸">半長軸</a>長度。在1976年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="國際天文聯合會">國際天文聯合會</a>（IAU）修正AU的定義使它更為精確，利用<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B8" title="高斯引力常數">高斯引力常數</a>（k）來定義<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="長度">長度</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E9%96%93" class="mw-redirect" title="時間">時間</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="質量">質量</a>，以其值的<span class="nowrap">0.017 202 098 95</span>作為天文單位的長度<sup id="cite_ref-IAU76_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAU76-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Trümper_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trümper-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fairbridge_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fairbridge-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一個等值的定義是一顆質量無限小（可以忽略）的顆粒，以徑度量每天<span class="nowrap">0.017 202 098 95</span>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E9%A2%91%E7%8E%87" title="角频率">角頻率</a>（公轉週期365.2568983日，即<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B4" title="高斯年">高斯年</a>）環繞著太陽公轉，且不受擾動影響的牛頓圓軌道半徑<sup id="cite_ref-SIbrochure_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIbrochure-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，或是<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8F%83%E6%95%B8" title="標準重力參數">日心重力常數</a>（<i>GM</i><sub>☉</sub>的結果）相當於（<span class="nowrap">0.017 202 098 95</span>）<sup>2</sup> AU<sup>3</sup>/d<sup>2</sup>的長度。这个数值将随着太阳质量的改变而改变（虽然改变极其地慢、而且极小）。2012年8月，天文学家投票通过新的定义，新定义以149,597,870,700米為標準。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="現代的測量"><span id=".E7.8F.BE.E4.BB.A3.E7.9A.84.E6.B8.AC.E9.87.8F"></span>現代的測量</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：現代的測量"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB#內行星" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">內行星</a>的相對位置，可以從<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="太空探測器">太空探測器</a>利用<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E8%BE%BE" title="雷达">雷達</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A5%E6%84%9F" title="遥感">遙測</a>精密的測量。與所有的雷達測量一樣，這些測量都依賴從物體反射回來的光所需用的時間。然後，將這些測量的位置與由<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" title="天體力學">天體力學</a>的計算作比較：計算的位置通常稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E6%9B%86%E8%A1%A8" title="星曆表">星曆表</a>，並且使用天文單位來計算。這些比較在天文單位上使用<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9F" title="光速">光速</a>，其值為<span class="nowrap">173.144 632 6847 (69)</span> AU/d（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%AA%E5%BF%83%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E6%99%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="質心動力時（页面不存在）">質心動力時</a>，Barycentric Dynamical Time，TDB）<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。如同光速在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" title="国际单位制">國際單位制</a>（SI）是固定以公尺/秒（<i>c</i><sub>SI</sub>）為表示單位，使用AU/d（<i>c</i><sub>AU</sub>）測量<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9F" title="光速">光速</a>的方法，用來測量天文單位所得到的單位也是用公尺（<i>A</i>）來呈現： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A=86\,400{\frac {c_{\rm {SI}}}{c_{\rm {AU}}}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>86</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mn>400</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">I</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">A</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A=86\,400{\frac {c_{\rm {SI}}}{c_{\rm {AU}}}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/abb2dcbb457505e2a8bc7d7b2a1a9e067915ab2b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:16.228ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A=86\,400{\frac {c_{\rm {SI}}}{c_{\rm {AU}}}}.}"></span></dd></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E8%81%AF%E6%9C%83" title="國際天文聯會">國際天文聯合會</a>在2009年以<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%B7%E6%B0%94%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="喷气推进实验室">噴射推進實驗室</a>（JPL）和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="俄羅斯科學院">俄羅斯科學院</a>的星曆表（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="俄羅斯科學院">IAA－RAS</a>）為基礎，比較之後給天文單位（AU）的最佳估計值，以公尺為單位的值是： </p><p><i>A</i> = <span class="nowrap">149 597 870 700 (3)</span> m<sup id="cite_ref-IAU_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAU-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pitjeva09_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pitjeva09-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="使用"><span id=".E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8"></span>使用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：使用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>根據定義，天文單位是依賴<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8F%83%E6%95%B8" title="標準重力參數">日心重力常數</a>，這是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%89%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B0" title="万有引力常数">重力常數</a><i>G</i>和太陽質量<i>M</i><sub>☉</sub>的乘積。然而，無論是<i>G</i>或<i>M</i><sub>☉</sub>皆無法被高精確的測量，但是它們的乘積可由觀察行星的相對位置而精確的得知（從牛頓重力論的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="开普勒第三定律">克卜勒第三定律</a>可得）。計算星曆表中行星的位置時只需此乘積，這解釋了為何星曆表使用天文單位做計算而非國際單位制。 </p><p>星曆表的計算也需要考慮到<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E7%BE%A9%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E8%AB%96" title="廣義相對論">廣義相對論</a>的效應。特別的是，在地球表面上的時間間隔測量（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%99%82" title="地球時">地球時</a>，Terrestrial Time）與行星的運動相比較並不是常數：當與「行星秒」（以<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%AA%E5%BF%83%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E6%99%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="質心動力時（页面不存在）">質心動力時</a>測量，Terrestrial Dynamical Time）比較時，地球時的秒在一月較短，在七月則較長。這是因為地球與太陽的距離不是固定的（它在<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">6999983289891200000♠</span>0.983<span style="margin-left:.25em;">289</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">8912</span></span>天文單位和<span class="nowrap">1.016 710 3335</span>天文單位之間變化），並且當地球靠近太陽（<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E6%97%A5%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="近日點">近日點</a>）時，太陽的重力場較強，同時地球也以較快的速度在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="地球轨道">軌道路徑</a>上移動。因為公尺以秒來定義，且對所有的觀測者而言光速恆定，在與行星尺的長度比較時，地球尺的長度產生了周期性的變化。 </p><p>米被定義為固有長度（原長度）的單位，但是國際度量單位制（SI）並未確認其使用的度規張量。事實上，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%BA%A6%E9%87%8F%E8%A1%A1%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="國際度量衡委員會">國際度量衡委員會</a>（CIPM）注意到「此定義只適用於一個足夠小的空間尺度中，小到重力場不均勻性的影響可以忽略」<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。因此，在太陽系尺度的距離測量，米是未經定義的。1976年對天文單位的定義是不完整的，因為它沒有指定測量的時間是在哪個<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E7%B3%BB" title="参考系">參考座標系</a>，但實務上用於計算星曆表已足夠：有人提出與廣義相對論相容的更全面定義，<sup id="cite_ref-Huang_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Huang-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，導致了「激烈的討論」。<sup id="cite_ref-Dodd_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dodd-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>直到2012年八月，IAU採用現行定義：1 天文單位(au)＝<span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7011149597870700000♠</span>149<span style="margin-left:.25em;">597</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">870</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">700</span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%B0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="公尺">公尺</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="阿里斯塔克斯">阿里斯塔克斯</a>基於<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%9B%B8" title="月相">弦月</a>和太陽分離的角度是87°<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，估計太陽到地球的距離是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%9C%88%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="地月距離">地月距離</a>的18至20倍，但實際上是390倍。 </p><p>依據<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B2%E6%92%92%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%84%AA%E8%A5%BF%E6%AF%94%E7%83%8F" title="該撒利亞的優西比烏">該撒利亞的優西比烏</a>《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%8F%E9%9F%B3%E7%9A%84%E6%BA%96%E5%82%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="福音的準備（页面不存在）">福音的準備</a>》（Praeparatio Evangelica），<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%8B%89%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%BC" title="埃拉托斯特尼">埃拉托斯特尼</a>發現太陽的距離是"<span lang="el">σταδιων μυριαδας τετρακοσιας και οκτωκισμυριας</span>"（直譯爲“10000個400和/加80000斯達地”），譯作408,0000<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E9%81%94%E5%9C%B0_(%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯達地 (長度單位)（页面不存在）">斯達地</a>（1903年埃德溫·漢密爾頓吉福翻譯），或相當於8,0400,0000斯達地（edition of Édouard des Places在1974-1991年的編輯），而希臘的斯達地相當於現今的185至190公尺<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，前者的翻譯太低，只有75,5000公里，而第二位的翻譯是1億4870萬公里至1億5280萬公里（精確至2%）<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 <a href="/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E5%B8%95%E6%81%B0%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="喜帕恰斯">喜帕恰斯</a>也給了地球至太陽距離的估計值，以<a href="/w/index.php?title=Pappus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pappus（页面不存在）">Pappus</a>的引述是地球半徑的490倍。依據<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%BE%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="諾埃爾斯維爾德洛（页面不存在）">諾埃爾斯維爾德洛</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=G.J.%E5%9C%96%E9%BB%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G.J.圖默（页面不存在）">G.J.圖默</a>重建的推測，可以看得出這是來自太陽的視差"至少"有7弧分的假設<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>一篇<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>的數學論文，<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%AB%80%E7%AE%97%E7%B6%93" title="周髀算經">周髀算經</a>（大約在西元前一世紀）顯示了如何利用幾何學計算出太陽的距離：假設地球是平坦的，使用相距1000<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C_(%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="里 (長度單位)">華里</a>的三個地點，測量在正午的日影長度<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 0 0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <th>  </th> <th>太陽<br />視差 </th> <th>地球<br />半徑 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%9C%E5%B8%95%E6%81%B0%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="喜帕恰斯">喜帕恰斯</a>（西元前2世紀） </td> <td align="left">7' </td> <td align="right">490 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="托勒密">托勒密</a>（西元2世紀） </td> <td align="left">2′ 50″ </td> <td align="right">1210 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Godefroy_Wendelin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godefroy Wendelin（页面不存在）">Godefroy Wendelin</a>（1635） </td> <td align="left">15″ </td> <td align="right">1,4000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%B6%E5%88%A9%E7%B1%B3%E9%9C%8D%E7%BE%85%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="耶利米霍羅克斯（页面不存在）">耶利米霍羅克斯</a>（1639） </td> <td align="left">15″ </td> <td align="right">1,4000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF" title="克里斯蒂安·惠更斯">克里斯蒂安·惠更斯</a>（1659） </td> <td align="left">8.6″ </td> <td align="right">2,4000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%BC%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%BC" title="乔瓦尼·多梅尼科·卡西尼">卡西尼</a>& <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%93%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E5%AF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="讓·李察（页面不存在）">李察</a>（1672） </td> <td align="left">9½″ </td> <td align="right">2,1700 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B0%E7%BE%85%E5%A7%86%E6%8B%89%E6%9C%97%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="杰羅姆拉朗德（页面不存在）">杰羅姆拉朗德</a>（1771） </td> <td align="left">8.6″ </td> <td align="right">2,4000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E7%B4%90%E5%BA%B7" title="西蒙·紐康">西蒙·紐康</a>（1895） </td> <td align="left">8.80″ </td> <td align="right">2,3440 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿瑟·羅伯特（页面不存在）">阿瑟·羅伯特</a>（1909） </td> <td align="left">8.807″ </td> <td align="right">2,3420 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%BD%98%E5%A1%9E%C2%B7%E7%93%8A%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈羅德·斯潘塞·瓊斯（页面不存在）">哈羅德·斯潘塞·瓊斯</a>（1941） </td> <td align="left">8.790″ </td> <td align="right">2,3466 </td></tr> <tr> <td>現代 </td> <td align="left">8.794143″ </td> <td align="right">2,3455 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>在西元2世紀，<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="托勒密">托勒密</a>估計太陽的平均距離是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="地球半径">地球半徑</a>的1210倍<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。要確定這個值，托勒密測量了月球的視差，發現月球的平視差是1° 26′，而這個值比實際的大了許多。然後他推導出月球的最大距離是地球半徑的64 1/6倍。由於他的視差圖和它的月球軌道理論中的錯誤互相抵消，因此這一數值大致上是接近正確值的<sup id="cite_ref-vh1619_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vh1619-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。然後，他測量太陽和月球的視大小，並得出結論認為太陽表面的直徑和月球在最大距離時的月球直徑一樣，並且從月食的紀錄，他以月食時月球通過地球影錐的時間估計影錐的視直徑。從這些數據，地球到太陽的距離可以利用三角學算出是地球半徑的1210倍。這使太陽和月球距離的比率大約是19倍，符合阿里斯塔克斯匹配的圖形。雖然從理論上來說，托勒密的過程是可行的，但它對數據上微小的變化非常敏感，因此只要在測量上變更幾個百分點，就可以使太陽的距離變成無限大<sup id="cite_ref-vh1619_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vh1619-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>希臘天文學在中世紀傳到伊斯蘭世界之後，天文學家對托勒密的宇宙模型做了一些變動，但是對他估計的太陽到地球距離並沒有多大的改變。例如，在介紹托勒密天文學時，<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Fargh%C4%81n%C4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Farghānī（页面不存在）">al-Farghānī</a>給的太陽與地球的平均距離是1170個地球半徑；而在他的<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zij&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zij（页面不存在）">zij</a></i>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Batt%C4%81n%C4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Battānī（页面不存在）">al-Battānī</a>所用太陽的平均距離爲1108個地球半徑。其後的天文學家，像是<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-B%C4%ABr%C5%ABn%C4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Bīrūnī（页面不存在）">al-Bīrūnī</a>，也使用相似的數值<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。稍後在歐洲，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%93%A5%E7%99%BD%E5%B0%BC" title="尼古拉·哥白尼">哥白尼</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E8%B0%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="第谷·布拉赫">第谷</a>也使用類似的數值（1142個地球半徑和1150個地球半徑），和托勒密的數值也非常接近，地球和太陽距離經過16世紀倖存了下來<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BC%80%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92" title="约翰内斯·开普勒">約翰內斯·克卜勒</a>是第一位體認到托勒密估計的數值太低的人（根據克卜勒，至少要提高三倍），在他的<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="鲁道夫星表">魯道夫星表</a>（1627年），<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="开普勒定律">克卜勒行星運動定律</a>允許天文學家計算太陽與行星的相對距離，並且引起重新測量地球與太陽絕對距離的興趣（然後可以用於其它的行星）。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="望远镜">望遠鏡</a>的發明允許可以比肉眼觀測更精確的測量角度，佛蘭芒天文學家<a href="/w/index.php?title=Godefroy_Wendelin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Godefroy Wendelin（页面不存在）">Godefroy Wendelin</a>在1635年重新進行阿里斯塔克斯的觀測，並且發現托勒密的數值至少低了11倍。 </p><p>通過<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5" title="金星凌日">金星凌日</a>的觀測可以得到更準確的估計值。從兩個不同的位置測量金星凌日，可以精確金星的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E5%B7%AE" title="视差">視差</a>，和金星與地球相對於太陽的相對距離，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E8%A6%96%E5%B7%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太陽視差（页面不存在）">太陽視差</a><i>α</i>（不能直接測量<sup id="cite_ref-Weaver_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weaver-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%B6%E5%88%A9%E7%B1%B3%E9%9C%8D%E7%BE%85%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="耶利米霍羅克斯（页面不存在）">耶利米霍羅克斯</a>曾經企圖根據他在1639年觀測的金星凌日為基礎來估計這個值（於1662年發表），得到的視差值是15弧秒，類似於溫德林的值。太陽視差是以地球-太陽的距離和地球的半徑為底線測量的： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A={1 \over {\tan \alpha }}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>tan</mi> <mo>⁡</mo> <mi>α</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A={1 \over {\tan \alpha }}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dda8362515a46e3c40ca2788bda1c7eab660dc78" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:11.559ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A={1 \over {\tan \alpha }}.}"></span></dd></dl> <p>太陽視差越小，太陽和地球的距離越遠：15"的太陽視差相當於地球和太陽的距離是1,3750地球半徑。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF" title="克里斯蒂安·惠更斯">惠更斯</a>相信這個距離應該更大：經由比較金星和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a>的視大小，他估計是2,4000地球半徑<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，相當於8.6"的太陽視差。雖然惠更斯的估計值非常接近現代的值，但是因為他的工作方法經常有許多無法證明（或錯誤）的假設，因此天文史學家對他的成就經常會打個折扣；因此他這個精確的數值似乎是出於幸運而非良好的觀測，可能是他的各項錯誤相互抵銷的結果。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-44.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-44.jpg/220px-Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-44.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-44.jpg/330px-Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-44.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-44.jpg/440px-Venustransit_2004-06-08_07-44.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1687" data-file-height="1370" /></a><figcaption>儘管有所謂的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%BB%B4%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" title="黑滴現象">黑滴效應</a>使<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5" title="金星凌日">金星凌日</a>的測量非常困難，但這種罕見的現象，長久以來仍是測量天文單位的最佳方法。</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Richer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Richer（页面不存在）">Jean Richer</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%BC%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%BC" title="乔瓦尼·多梅尼科·卡西尼">卡西尼</a>在1672年火星大接近地球時，分別從<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E" title="巴黎">巴黎</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%AD%E4%BA%9A%E9%82%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="法属圭亚那">法屬蓋亞那</a>的首府<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%9B%B2" title="開雲">卡宴</a>測量火星的視差。他們得到太陽視差是9½"，這相當於地球半徑的22,000倍。他們還是第一次獲得準確和可靠的地球半徑數值的天文學家：與他們的同事<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%93%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="讓·皮卡爾（页面不存在）">讓·皮卡爾</a>在1669年測量出地球半徑是326,9000<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toise（页面不存在）">toise</a></i>（1toise =1.949米）。另一位同行，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E9%BB%98" title="奧勒·羅默">奧勒·羅默</a>，在1676年<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%BB%98%E6%B8%AC%E5%AE%9A%E5%85%89%E9%80%9F" title="羅默測定光速">證實</a>光波以限速度傳播：數值是如此之大，通常需要以光線行經太陽到地球的距離所經過的時間，或<i>每單位距離的光時</i>來引述，現今天文學家還保留了這個距離單位。 </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%91%9B%E5%88%97%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C_(%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="詹姆斯·葛列格里 (天文學家和數學家)（页面不存在）">詹姆斯·葛列格里</a>發展出更好的方法來觀測金星凌日，並且發表在<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Optica_Promata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Optica Promata（页面不存在）">Optica Promata</a></i>（1663年），得到<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E9%9B%B7" title="愛德蒙·哈雷">愛德蒙·哈雷</a>強烈的支持<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並且應用在1761和1769以及1874年和1882年年的金星凌日觀測上。金星凌日是成對發生的，但是每世紀發生和觀測的次數少於一次，因此1761年和1769年的觀測是一次前所未有的國際合作。儘管在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="七年战争">七年戰爭</a>的期間，還是耗費巨資派遣了數十名天文學家至世界各地進行觀測：有幾位因而鞠躬盡瘁<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Lalande&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jérôme Lalande（页面不存在）">Jérôme Lalande</a>整理各種不同的結果，得到的太陽視差是8.6″的結果。 </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin:0 0 0 0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <th>日期 </th> <th>方法 </th> <th><i>A</i>/Gm </th> <th>誤差 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1895 </td> <td>光行差 </td> <td>149.25 </td> <td>0.12 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1941 </td> <td>視差 </td> <td>149.674 </td> <td>0.016 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964 </td> <td>雷達 </td> <td>149.5981 </td> <td>0.001 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976 </td> <td>遙測 </td> <td>149.597 870 </td> <td>0.000 001 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td>遙測 </td> <td>149.597 870 700 </td> <td>0.000 000 003 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>另一種方法與<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%A1%8C%E5%B7%AE" title="光行差">光行差</a>常數有關，並且得到被廣泛接受的太陽視差：8.80″（接近現在的數值：8.794143″），雖然<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E7%B4%90%E5%BA%B7" title="西蒙·紐康">西蒙·紐康</a>也是用金星凌日的資料，但他給這種方法很高的評價。紐康也與<a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Abraham_Michelson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Abraham Michelson（页面不存在）">A. A. Michelson</a>合作以地基的設備測量光速；與光行差常數（這是每單位距離的光時）結合，首次直接測量得到以公里為單位的日地距離。紐康的太陽視差值（和光行差常數與<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B8" title="高斯引力常數">高斯引力常數</a>）在1896年被納入第一次國際體系的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B8" title="天文常數">天文常數</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並且直到1964年都被用來計算<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E6%9B%86%E8%A1%A8" title="星曆表">星曆表</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。天文單位這個名詞在1930年首度被使用<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="近地小行星">近地小行星</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="爱神星">愛神星</a>的發現和1900年至1901年的接近，使視差的測量獲得很大的改善<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。另一次國際性的專案在1930-1931年再度進行了愛神星視差的測量<sup id="cite_ref-Weaver_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weaver-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在1960年代初期，直接用雷達測量金星和火星的距離成為可行的方法。隨著光速測量值的改進，這顯示紐康的太陽視差和光行差常數兩者是互相矛盾的<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="發展"><span id=".E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95"></span>發展</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：發展"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stellarparallax_parsec1_cn_chs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Stellarparallax_parsec1_cn_chs.svg/220px-Stellarparallax_parsec1_cn_chs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Stellarparallax_parsec1_cn_chs.svg/330px-Stellarparallax_parsec1_cn_chs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Stellarparallax_parsec1_cn_chs.svg/440px-Stellarparallax_parsec1_cn_chs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="870" /></a><figcaption>天文的距離單位<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%92%E5%B7%AE%E8%B7%9D" title="秒差距">秒差距</a>是使用天文單位做基線，<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E5%B7%AE" title="视差">視差</a>是角度1<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E7%A7%92" class="mw-redirect" title="角秒">弧秒</a>的距離。圖中的1AU和1pc為依照比例（參見<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%98%9F%E8%A6%96%E5%B7%AE" title="恆星視差">恆星視差</a>）。</figcaption></figure> <p>單位距離<i>A</i>（用公尺表示的天文單位數值）可以表達其它的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B8" title="天文常數">天文常數</a>： </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A^{3}={\frac {D^{2}}{GM_{\odot }k^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mi>D</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>⊙</mo> </mrow> </msub> <msup> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A^{3}={\frac {D^{2}}{GM_{\odot }k^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/add5375fb0286c65e28ac40078e12fa5941cd417" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:14.589ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A^{3}={\frac {D^{2}}{GM_{\odot }k^{2}}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>此處<i>G</i>是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%89%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B0" title="万有引力常数">牛頓引力常數</a>，<i>M</i><sub>☉</sub>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F" title="太阳质量">太陽質量</a>，<i>k</i>是<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%96%AF%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B8" title="高斯引力常數">高斯引力常數</a>，和<i>D</i>是時間週期中的一天。太陽以輻射不斷穩定的流失質量<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，所以行星的軌道也穩定的向外擴張並遠離太陽。這也導致放棄天文單位作為一種度量單位的呼籲<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；也有呼籲以固定的公尺數值定義天文單位<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>如同<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E9%80%9F" title="光速">光速</a>在國際度量單位制（SI）中有明確的數值，高斯重力常數<i>k</i>是固定的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="天文單位系統">天文單位系統</a>，測量每單位距離的光時完全等同於國際度量單位的<i>GM</i><sub>☉</sub>。因此，有可能將建構曆書的單位完全採用國際度量單位，而這正逐漸成為規範。 </p><p>在2004年，使用輻射對內太陽系所做的測量，認為由於太陽輻射的作用，單位距離的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E8%AE%8A%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世紀變動（页面不存在）">世紀增加</a>量是每世紀+15±4 米<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Anderson_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anderson-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>另一個解釋地球退離的可能性是太陽潮汐的摩擦，類似於月球的退離是地球潮汐的作用。日本弘前大學的在2009年提出了如是的建議<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>之後，基於輻射和角度的觀測得到較低的估計數值是每世紀+7±2 米<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但是這依然遠大於太陽輻射和目前的重力理論所推算的數值<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。基於輻射測量的重力常數可能的變化是每世紀10<sup>12</sup>的部分，或者更低<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。有人建議觀測到的增加可以用<a href="/wiki/DGP%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="DGP模型">DGP模型</a>來解釋<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="例子"><span id=".E4.BE.8B.E5.AD.90"></span>例子</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：例子"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>這些距離是近似的平均距離，由於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" class="mw-redirect" title="天体">天體</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93" class="mw-disambig" title="軌道">軌道</a>上運動，所以距離會隨著<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="时间">時間</a>變化，也要考慮其它因素造成的變化。 </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a>與地球的距離是0.0026 ± 0.0001 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太陽</a>的距離是<b>1.00</b> ± 0.02 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a>與太陽的距離是1.52 ± 0.14 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a>與太陽的距離是5.20 ± 0.05 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a>與太陽的距離是39.5 ± 9.8 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%A6" title="柯伊伯带">柯伊伯带</a>大約開始於35 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E7%9B%A4" title="離散盤">離散盤</a>開始於45 AU（與柯伊伯带重疊超過10 AU）。</li> <li>柯伊伯带結束於50-55 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F90377" class="mw-redirect" title="小行星90377">Sedna</a>的軌道範圍距離太陽76至942 AU；Sedna目前與太陽的距離大約是88AU（截至2009年<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2009-Missing required parameter 1=<i>month</i>!</span>)</span><sup class="plainlinks noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>）。</li> <li>94 AU：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E9%A3%8E" title="太阳风">太陽風</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E9%A3%8E" title="星风">恆星風</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%9B%E4%BB%8B%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="星際介質">星際介質</a>之間的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E5%9C%88#終端震波" title="太陽圈">終端震波</a>。</li> <li>96.7 AU：矮行星<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="阋神星">鬩神星</a>在2009年與太陽的距離。鬩神星和它的衛星目前是太陽系中除了<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="长周期彗星">長週期彗星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="太空探測器">太空探測器</a>之外，距離最遙遠的天體<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>100 AU：<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%9E%98" title="日鞘">日鞘</a>（Heliosheath）。</li> <li>150.02 AU（2.24<span style="margin:0 .15em 0 .25em">×</span>10<sup>10</sup> km）：2020年8月2日<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%851%E5%8F%B7" title="旅行者1号">旅行者1號</a>與太陽的距離<sup id="cite_ref-voyager_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voyager-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，它是目前距離太陽最遠的人造物體，仍以每年3.5AU的距離遠離太陽中。<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>100-1000 AU：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E7%9B%A4" title="離散盤">離散盤</a>天體分佈的主要距離。</li> <li>1000-3000 AU：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云">希爾雲</a>/內<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云">歐特雲</a>開始的距離。</li> <li>20,000 AU：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云">希爾雲</a>/內<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云">歐特雲</a>結束的距離，"外歐特雲"的開始。</li> <li>50,000 AU：估計“外歐特雲”可能的最近距離極限（0.8 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年">光年</a>）。</li> <li>100,000 AU：估計“外歐特雲”可能的最遠距離極限（1.6光年）。</li> <li>230,000 AU：太陽的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%A0%B4" title="引力場">引力場</a>可能影響的最大距離（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE%E7%90%83" title="希爾球">希爾/洛西球</a>）<sup id="cite_ref-Chebotarev1964_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chebotarev1964-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。超越這個距離就是真正的<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%9B%E4%BB%8B%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="星際介質">星際介質</a>，這個距離是1.1秒差距（3.6光年）<sup id="cite_ref-Chebotarev1964_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chebotarev1964-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>半人馬座<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E9%82%BB%E6%98%9F" title="比邻星">比鄰星</a>，除了太陽之外，距離<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>最近的<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F" title="恒星">恆星</a>，距離太陽大約268, 000 AU。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E5%AE%BF%E5%9B%9B" title="參宿四">参宿四</a>的平均直徑是5.5 AU（822,800,000公里）。</li> <li>太陽至<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E6%B2%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="银河系">銀河系</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E5%BF%83" title="銀心">中心</a>的距離，大約是1.7×10<sup>9</sup> AU。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="換算因素"><span id=".E6.8F.9B.E7.AE.97.E5.9B.A0.E7.B4.A0"></span>換算因素</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：換算因素"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1AU = 149,597,870 km ≈ 1.5 × 10<sup>8</sup> km</li> <li>1AU ≈ 92,955,807 英里 ≈ 8.317 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年">光分</a> ≈ 499 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%A7%92" title="光秒">光秒</a></li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%A7%92" title="光秒">光秒</a>≈ 0.002 AU</li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="京米">京米</a>≈ 0.0067 AU</li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年">光年</a>≈ 63,241 AU</li> <li>1 <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%92%E5%B7%AE%E8%B7%9D" title="秒差距">秒差距</a>≈ 206,265 AU</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%BA%A6%E9%87%8F%E8%A1%A1%E5%B1%80" title="國際度量衡局">國際度量衡局</a>建議的縮寫符號是<b>ua</b><sup id="cite_ref-SIbrochure_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIbrochure-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英語系</a>的國家最常用的仍是<b>AU</b>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E8%81%AF%E6%9C%83" title="國際天文聯會">國際天文學聯合會</a>則推薦<b>au</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，同時<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" title="国际单位制">國際標準</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_31-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 31-1（页面不存在）">ISO 31-1</a>也使用<b>AU</b>，后来的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" title="国际单位制">國際標準</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_80000-3:2006&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 80000-3:2006（页面不存在）">ISO 80000-3:2006</a>又改成了<b>ua</b>。通常，大寫字母僅用於使用科學家的名字命名的單位符號，而<b>au</b>或<b>a.u.</b>也可以是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="原子单位">原子單位</a>或是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%BB%E6%84%8F%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="任意單位">任意單位</a>；但是<b>AU</b>被廣泛的地區使用作為天文單位的符號<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。以1天文單位距離的值為單位的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B8" title="天文常數">天文常數</a>值會以符號<i>A</i>標示。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SIbrochure-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SIbrochure_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SIbrochure_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Bureau_of_Weights_and_Measures2006" class="citation"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%BA%A6%E9%87%8F%E8%A1%A1%E5%B1%80" title="國際度量衡局">International Bureau of Weights and Measures</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8_en.pdf">The International System of Units (SI)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> 8th: 126, 2006, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/92-822-2213-6" title="Special:网络书源/92-822-2213-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 92-822-2213-6</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.au=International+Bureau+of+Weights+and+Measures&rft.btitle=The+International+System+of+Units+%28SI%29&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=8th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=92-822-2213-6&rft.pages=126&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bipm.org%2Futils%2Fcommon%2Fpdf%2Fsi_brochure_8_en.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/static/publications/stylemanual1989.pdf">The IAU Style Manual (1989): The Preparation of Astronomical Papers and Reports</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>: 23. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-10-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726170213/http://www.iau.org/static/publications/stylemanual1989.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2011-07-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.btitle=The+IAU+Style+Manual+%281989%29%3A+The+Preparation+of+Astronomical+Papers+and+Reports&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2Fstatic%2Fpublications%2Fstylemanual1989.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See, for example, the <i>Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary</i>, the <i>American Heritage Dictionary</i>, and the <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Astronomical_Union2012" class="citation">International Astronomical Union (编), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/static/resolutions/IAU2012_English.pdf">RESOLUTION B2 on the re-definition of the astronomical unit of length</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, RESOLUTION B2, Beijing, Kina: <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E8%81%AF%E6%9C%83" title="國際天文聯會">International Astronomical Union</a>, 31 August 2012 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-03-15</span>]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130816112418/http://iau.org/static/resolutions/IAU2012_English.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2013-08-16）, <q>The XXVIII General Assembly of International Astronomical Union recommends [adopted] that the astronomical unit be re-defined to be a conventional unit of length equal to exactly <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:none" class="sortkey">7011149597870700000♠</span>149<span style="margin-left:.25em;">597</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">870</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">700</span></span> metres, in agreement with the value adopted in IAU 2009 Resolution B2</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=RESOLUTION+B2+on+the+re-definition+of+the+astronomical+unit+of+length&rft.au=International+Astronomical+Union&rft.btitle=RESOLUTION+B2&rft.date=2012-08-31&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Beijing%2C+Kina&rft.pub=International+Astronomical+Union&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iau.org%2Fstatic%2Fresolutions%2FIAU2012_English.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IAU76-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IAU76_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Resolution No. 10 of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iau.org/static/resolutions/IAU1976_French.pdf">XVIth General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190502234359/http://www.iau.org/static/resolutions/IAU1976_French.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, Grenoble, 1976</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trümper-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Trümper_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Trumper, Joachim E. §4.2.2.1.3: Astronomical units. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417023041/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=wgydrPWl6XkC&pg=RA1-PA4">Solar System</a>. Springer Science & Business Media. 2009-06-15: 4 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-04-17</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-540-88054-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-540-88054-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-3-540-88054-7</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.in/books?id=wgydrPWl6XkC&pg=RA1-PA4">原始内容</a>存档于2022-04-17） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=%C2%A74.2.2.1.3%3A+Astronomical+units&rft.aufirst=Joachim+E.&rft.aulast=Trumper&rft.btitle=Solar+System&rft.date=2009-06-15&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-3-540-88054-7&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.in%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwgydrPWl6XkC%26pg%3DRA1-PA4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fairbridge-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fairbridge_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Shirley, J. H.; Fairbridge, Rhodes W. Astronomical unit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417023104/https://books.google.co.in/books?id=dw2GadaPkYcC&pg=PA48">Encyclopedia of Planetary Sciences</a>. Springer. 1997-06-30: 48 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-04-17</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-412-06951-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-412-06951-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-412-06951-2</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.in/books?id=dw2GadaPkYcC&pg=PA48">原始内容</a>存档于2022-04-17） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Astronomical+unit&rft.au=Fairbridge%2C+Rhodes+W.&rft.aufirst=J.+H.&rft.aulast=Shirley&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Planetary+Sciences&rft.date=1997-06-30&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-412-06951-2&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Springer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.in%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ddw2GadaPkYcC%26pg%3DPA48&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asa.usno.navy.mil/SecK/2009/Astronomical_Constants_2009.pdf">2009 Selected Astronomical Constants</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090327014818/http://asa.usno.navy.mil/SecK/2009/Astronomical_Constants_2009.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）" in <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161224174302/http://asa.usno.navy.mil/static/files/2016/Astronomical_Constants_2016.pdf">The Astronomical Almanac Online</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. USNO–UKHO. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-10-28</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asa.usno.navy.mil/">原始内容</a>存档于2016-12-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.btitle=The+Astronomical+Almanac+Online&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=USNO%E2%80%93UKHO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasa.usno.navy.mil%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IAU-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IAU_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091208011235/http://maia.usno.navy.mil/NSFA/CBE.html">IAU WG on NSFA Current Best Estimates</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2009]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maia.usno.navy.mil/NSFA/CBE.html">原始内容</a>存档于2009-12-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.btitle=IAU+WG+on+NSFA+Current+Best+Estimates&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaia.usno.navy.mil%2FNSFA%2FCBE.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pitjeva09-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pitjeva09_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Pitjeva, E. V.; Standish, E. M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10569-009-9203-8">Proposals for the masses of the three largest asteroids, the Moon-Earth mass ratio and the Astronomical Unit</a>. Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy. 2009-04, <b>103</b> (4): 365–372. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0923-2958"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0923-2958</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10569-009-9203-8"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1007/s10569-009-9203-8</span></a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Proposals+for+the+masses+of+the+three+largest+asteroids%2C+the+Moon-Earth+mass+ratio+and+the+Astronomical+Unit&rft.au=Standish%2C+E.+M.&rft.aufirst=E.+V.&rft.aulast=Pitjeva&rft.date=2009-04&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0923-2958&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Celestial+Mechanics+and+Dynamical+Astronomy&rft.pages=365-372&rft.volume=103&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2Fs10569-009-9203-8&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10569-009-9203-8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706151452/http://www.astronomy2009.com.br/10.pdf">The Final Session of the General Assembly</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Estrella d'Alva: 1. 2009-08-14 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-10-28</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomy2009.com.br/10.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2011-07-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=The+Final+Session+of+the+General+Assembly&rft.date=2009-08-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Estrella+d%27Alva&rft.pages=1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronomy2009.com.br%2F10.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|newspaper=</code>与模板<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite web}}</code>不匹配（建议改用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite news}}</code>或<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|website=</code>） (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#periodical" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFInternational_Bureau_of_Weights_and_Measures2006" class="citation"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%BA%A6%E9%87%8F%E8%A1%A1%E5%B1%80" title="國際度量衡局">International Bureau of Weights and Measures</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8_en.pdf">The International System of Units (SI)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> 8th: 166–67, 2006, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/92-822-2213-6" title="Special:网络书源/92-822-2213-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 92-822-2213-6</a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.au=International+Bureau+of+Weights+and+Measures&rft.btitle=The+International+System+of+Units+%28SI%29&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=8th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=92-822-2213-6&rft.pages=166-67&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bipm.org%2Futils%2Fcommon%2Fpdf%2Fsi_brochure_8_en.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Huang-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Huang_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Huang, T.-Y.; Han, C.-H.; Yi, Z.-H.; Xu, B.-X. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_astronomy-and-astrophysics_1995-06_298_2/page/629">What is the astronomical unit of length?</a>. <a href="/wiki/Astronomy_and_Astrophysics" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomy and Astrophysics">Astronomy and Astrophysics</a>. 1995, <b>298</b>: 629–33. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995A&A...298..629H"><span title="Bibcode">Bibcode:1995A&A...298..629H</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=What+is+the+astronomical+unit+of+length%3F&rft.au=Han%2C+C.-H.&rft.au=Huang%2C+T.-Y.&rft.au=Xu%2C+B.-X.&rft.au=Yi%2C+Z.-H.&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+and+Astrophysics&rft.pages=629-33&rft.volume=298&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_astronomy-and-astrophysics_1995-06_298_2%2Fpage%2F629&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1995A%26A...298..629H&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dodd-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dodd_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Richard Dodd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UC_1_804BXgC&pg=PA76">§ 6.2.3: Astronomical unit: <i>Definition of the astronomical unit, future versions</i></a>. Using SI Units in Astronomy. Cambridge University Press. 2011: 76. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-521-76917-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-521-76917-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-521-76917-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=%C2%A7+6.2.3%3A+Astronomical+unit%3A+Definition+of+the+astronomical+unit%2C+future+versions&rft.au=Richard+Dodd&rft.btitle=Using+SI+Units+in+Astronomy&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-521-76917-4&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUC_1_804BXgC%26pg%3DPA76&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> and also p. 91, <i>Summary and recommendations</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Van Helden, Albert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/measuringunivers00unse">Measuring the Universe: Cosmic Dimensions from Aristarchus to Halley</a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1985: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/measuringunivers00unse/page/5">5</a>–9. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-226-84882-5" title="Special:网络书源/0-226-84882-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-226-84882-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.aulast=Van+Helden&rft.btitle=Measuring+the+Universe%3A+Cosmic+Dimensions+from+Aristarchus+to+Halley&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-226-84882-5&rft.pages=5-9&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmeasuringunivers00unse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Engels, Donald. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407072410/https://www.jstor.org/stable/295030">The Length of Eratosthenes' Stade</a>. The American Journal of Philology. 23/1985, <b>106</b> (3): 298 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-09-02</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/295030"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 295030</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F295030"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.2307/295030</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/295030">原始内容</a>存档于2022-04-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=The+Length+of+Eratosthenes%27+Stade&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.aulast=Engels&rft.chron=23%2F1985&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=The+American+Journal+of+Philology&rft.pages=298&rft.volume=106&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F295030&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F295030&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F295030&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Gulbekian, Edward. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417023055/https://www.jstor.org/stable/41133819">The Origin and Value of the Stadion Unit used by Eratosthenes in the Third Century B. C.</a>. Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 1987, <b>37</b> (4): 359–363 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-04-17</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0003-9519"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0003-9519</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41133819">原始内容</a>存档于2022-04-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=The+Origin+and+Value+of+the+Stadion+Unit+used+by+Eratosthenes+in+the+Third+Century+B.+C.&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.aulast=Gulbekian&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0003-9519&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Archive+for+History+of+Exact+Sciences&rft.pages=359-363&rft.volume=37&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41133819&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Rawlins, D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dioi.org/vols/we0.pdf">Eratothenes' large earth and tiny universe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. DIO. 2008, <b>14</b>: 3–12 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-11-08</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214152923/http://www.dioi.org/vols/we0.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2021-02-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Eratothenes%27+large+earth+and+tiny+universe&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.aulast=Rawlins&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DIO&rft.pages=3-12&rft.volume=14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dioi.org%2Fvols%2Fwe0.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Toomer, G. J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00329826">Hipparchus on the distances of the sun and moon</a>. Archive for History of Exact Sciences. 1974, <b>14</b> (2): 126–142. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0003-9519"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0003-9519</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00329826"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1007/BF00329826</span></a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Hipparchus+on+the+distances+of+the+sun+and+moon&rft.aufirst=G.+J.&rft.aulast=Toomer&rft.date=1974&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0003-9519&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Archive+for+History+of+Exact+Sciences&rft.pages=126-142&rft.volume=14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2FBF00329826&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00329826&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Lloyd, G. E. R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/adversariesautho0000lloy">Adversaries and Authorities: Investigations into Ancient Greek and Chinese Science</a>. Cambridge University Press. 1996: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/adversariesautho0000lloy/page/59">59</a>–60. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-521-55695-3" title="Special:网络书源/0-521-55695-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-521-55695-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.aufirst=G.+E.+R.&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.btitle=Adversaries+and+Authorities%3A+Investigations+into+Ancient+Greek+and+Chinese+Science&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-521-55695-3&rft.pages=59-60&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fadversariesautho0000lloy&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Goldstein, Bernard R. The Arabic Version of Ptolemy's <i>Planetary Hypotheses</i>. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1967, <b>57</b> (4): 9–12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=The+Arabic+Version+of+Ptolemy%27s+Planetary+Hypotheses&rft.aufirst=Bernard+R.&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.date=1967&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Trans.+Am.+Phil.+Soc.&rft.pages=9-12&rft.volume=57&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">van Helden, Albert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/measuringunivers00unse">Measuring the Universe: Cosmic Dimensions from Aristarchus to Halley</a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1985: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/measuringunivers00unse/page/15">15</a>–27. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-226-84882-5" title="Special:网络书源/0-226-84882-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-226-84882-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.aulast=van+Helden&rft.btitle=Measuring+the+Universe%3A+Cosmic+Dimensions+from+Aristarchus+to+Halley&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-226-84882-5&rft.pages=15-27&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmeasuringunivers00unse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vh1619-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vh1619_24-0"><sup><b>23.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vh1619_24-1"><sup><b>23.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">pp. 16–19, van Helden 1985</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">p. 251, <i>Ptolemy's Almagest</i>,translated and annotated by G. J. Toomer, London: Duckworth, 1984, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780715615881" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7156-1588-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">pp. 29–33, van Helden 1985</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">pp. 41–53, van Helden 1985</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weaver-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Weaver_28-0"><sup><b>27.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weaver_28-1"><sup><b>27.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Weaver, H. F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417023057/https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1943ASPL....4..144W">The Solar Parallax</a>. Leaflet of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 1943-01-01, <b>4</b>: 144 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-04-17</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0004-6272"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0004-6272</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1943ASPL....4..144W">原始内容</a>存档于2022-04-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=The+Solar+Parallax&rft.aufirst=H.+F.&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.date=1943-01-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0004-6272&rft.jtitle=Leaflet+of+the+Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&rft.pages=144&rft.volume=4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fui.adsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1943ASPL....4..144W&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Goldstein, S. J., Jr. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417023053/https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985Obs...105...32G">Christiaan Huygens' measurement of the distance to the Sun</a>. 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New Scientist. 6 February 2008 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2010-11-01</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn13286-astronomical-unit-may-need-to-be-redefined.html?feedId=online-news_rss20">原始内容</a>存档于2008-04-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=AU+may+need+to+be+redefined&rft.date=2008-02-06&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspace.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2Fdn13286-astronomical-unit-may-need-to-be-redefined.html%3FfeedId%3Donline-news_rss20&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|newspaper=</code>与模板<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite web}}</code>不匹配（建议改用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite news}}</code>或<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|website=</code>） (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#periodical" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation arxiv">Capitaine, N; Guinot, B. 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Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. 2004-06, <b>2004</b> (IAUC196): 163–179. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1743-9213"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1743-9213</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1743921305001365"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1017/S1743921305001365</span></a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=The+Astronomical+Unit+now&rft.aufirst=E.+M.&rft.aulast=Standish&rft.date=2004-06&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1743-9213&rft.issue=IAUC196&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Astronomical+Union&rft.pages=163-179&rft.volume=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fproduct%2Fidentifier%2FS1743921305001365%2Ftype%2Fjournal_article&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS1743921305001365&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation arxiv">Lammerzahl, C; Preuss, O; Dittus, H. Is the physics within the Solar System really understood?. 2006. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0604052v1"><span title="arXiv">arXiv:gr-qc/0604052v1</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|class=</code>被忽略 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#class_ignored" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Is+the+physics+within+the+Solar+System+really+understood%3F&rft.au=Dittus%2C+H&rft.au=Preuss%2C+O&rft.aufirst=C&rft.aulast=Lammerzahl&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=preprint&rft.jtitle=arXiv&rft_id=info%3Aarxiv%2Fgr-qc%2F0604052v1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">version</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Pitjeva, E. 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Astronomy Letters. 2005-05, <b>31</b> (5): 340–349. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1063-7737"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1063-7737</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1134%2F1.1922533"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1134/1.1922533</span></a> <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Relativistic+effects+and+solar+oblateness+from+radar+observations+of+planets+and+spacecraft&rft.aufirst=E.+V.&rft.aulast=Pitjeva&rft.date=2005-05&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1063-7737&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=Astronomy+Letters&rft.pages=340-349&rft.volume=31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1134%2F1.1922533&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1134%2F1.1922533&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Iorio, Lorenzo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417023054/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2005/09/006">Secular increase of the astronomical unit and perihelion precessions as tests of the Dvali–Gabadadze–Porrati multi-dimensional braneworld scenario</a>. 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Heavens-Above. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2008-01-25</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heavens-above.com/solar-escape.asp">原始内容</a>存档于2007-04-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.au=Chris+Peat&rft.btitle=Spacecraft+escaping+the+Solar+System&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Heavens-Above&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heavens-above.com%2Fsolar-escape.asp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-voyager-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-voyager_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170628023857/https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/where/">Voyager - Mission Status</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Jet Propulsion Laboratory">Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2018]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/where/">原始内容</a>存档于2017-06-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Voyager+-+Mission+Status&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jet+Propulsion+Laboratory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoyager.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fwhere%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">NASA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/voyager/voyager20111205.html">NASA's Voyager Hits New Region at Solar System</a>. NASA Headquarters, Washington. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-12-05</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150308091540/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/voyager/voyager20111205.html">存档</a>于2015-03-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.au=NASA&rft.btitle=NASA%27s+Voyager+Hits+New+Region+at+Solar+System&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NASA+Headquarters%2C+Washington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fmission_pages%2Fvoyager%2Fvoyager20111205.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chebotarev1964-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chebotarev1964_51-0"><sup><b>50.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chebotarev1964_51-1"><sup><b>50.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Chebotarev, G. 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Soviet Astronomy. 1964-04-01, <b>7</b>: 618 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-04-17</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0038-5301"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0038-5301</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1964SvA.....7..618C">原始内容</a>存档于2022-04-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=Gravitational+Spheres+of+the+Major+Planets%2C+Moon+and+Sun&rft.aufirst=G.+A.&rft.aulast=Chebotarev&rft.date=1964-04-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0038-5301&rft.jtitle=Soviet+Astronomy&rft.pages=618&rft.volume=7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fui.adsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1964SvA.....7..618C&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="延伸讀物"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E8.AE.80.E7.89.A9"></span>延伸讀物</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：延伸讀物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation journal">Williams, D.; Davies, R. D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170717192124/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/mnras/140.4.537">A Radio Method for Determining the Astronomical Unit</a>. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 1968-06-01, <b>140</b> (4): 537–546 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-04-17</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1968MNRAS.140..537W"><span title="Bibcode">Bibcode:1968MNRAS.140..537W</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0035-8711</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2F140.4.537"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1093/mnras/140.4.537</span></a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/mnras/140.4.537">原始内容</a>存档于2017-07-17） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&rft.atitle=A+Radio+Method+for+Determining+the+Astronomical+Unit&rft.au=Davies%2C+R.+D.&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.date=1968-06-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0035-8711&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Notices+of+the+Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.pages=537-546&rft.volume=140&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fmnras%2Farticle-lookup%2Fdoi%2F10.1093%2Fmnras%2F140.4.537&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1968MNRAS.140..537W&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmnras%2F140.4.537&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E7%BA%A7_(%E9%95%BF%E5%BA%A6)" title="数量级 (长度)">数量级 (长度)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iau.org/public_press/themes/measuring/">The IAU and astronomical units</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20091022182129/https://www.iau.org/public_press/themes/measuring/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070216041250/http://www.iau.org/Units.234.0.html">Recommendations concerning Units</a> (HTML version of the IAU Style Manual)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sil.si.edu/exhibitions/chasing-venus/intro.htm">Chasing Venus, Observing the Transits of Venus</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20080525161241/http://www.sil.si.edu/exhibitions/chasing-venus/intro.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transitofvenus.org/">Transit of Venus</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210102133458/http://www.transitofvenus.org/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="米 (单位)">米</a>（m）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="米 (单位)">昆米</a>（Qm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="米 (单位)">容米</a>（Rm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%AF%E7%B1%B3" title="堯米">尧米</a>（Ym）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E7%B1%B3_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="澤米 (單位)">泽米</a>（Zm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%B1%B3_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="艾米 (單位)">艾米</a>（Em）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%8D%E7%B1%B3" title="拍米">拍米</a>（Pm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%B1%B3" title="太米">太米</a>（Tm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%B1%B3_(%E9%95%BF%E5%BA%A6%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="吉米 (长度单位)">吉米</a>（Gm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%87%E7%B1%B3" title="百万米">兆米</a>（Mm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C" title="公里">千米</a>（km）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A8" title="粨">百米</a>（hm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E4%B8%88" title="公丈">十米</a>（dam）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%B1%B3" title="分米">分米</a>（dm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%98%E7%B1%B3" title="厘米">厘米</a>（cm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%AB%E7%B1%B3" title="毫米">毫米</a>（mm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B2%E7%B1%B3" title="絲米">絲米</a>（dmm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%BD%E7%B1%B3" title="忽米">忽米</a>（cmm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%B1%B3" title="微米">微米</a>（μm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3" title="纳米">纳米</a>（nm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%B1%B3" title="皮米">皮米（微微米）</a>（pm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E7%B1%B3" title="飛米">飞米（费米）</a>（fm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="阿米">阿米</a>（am）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8B%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="介米">仄米</a>（zm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B8%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="攸米">幺米</a>（ym）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%94%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="柔米">柔米</a>（rm）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8F%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="亏米">亏米</a>（qm）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E5%88%B6#长度" title="市制">市制</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>里</li> <li>引</li> <li>丈</li> <li>尺</li> <li>寸</li> <li>分</li> <li>厘</li> <li>毫</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%88%B6%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="英制单位">英制</a>／<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%83%AF%E7%94%A8%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="美国惯用单位">美国惯用单位</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%87%8C" title="英里">英里</a>（哩、咪）（mi）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AA_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="浪 (單位)">浪</a>（furlong）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%88_(%E9%87%8F%E5%BA%A6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="鏈 (量度單位)">鏈</a>（chain）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%BF" title="桿">桿</a>（rod）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B0%8B" title="英尋">英尋（噚）</a>（fathom）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%81" title="码">码</a>（yd）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B0%BA" title="英尺">英尺（呎）</a>（ft）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%AF%B8" title="英寸">英寸（吋）</a>（in）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%9A%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E9%87%8F%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="东亚传统计量体系">東亞傳統</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%82_(%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="堂 (長度單位)">堂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C_(%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="里 (長度單位)">里</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="引（页面不存在）">引</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%88" title="丈">丈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%9E" title="仞">仞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BA" title="尺">尺、咫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B8" title="寸">寸</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86_(%E5%B0%BA%E8%B2%AB%E6%B3%95)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分 (尺貫法)（页面不存在）">分</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%98_(%E9%95%BF%E5%BA%A6%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="厘 (长度单位)">厘</a>（換算另見<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%BA%A6%E9%87%8F%E8%A1%A1" title="中國度量衡">中國度量衡</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="天文學">天文學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%92%E5%B7%AE%E8%B7%9D" title="秒差距">秒差距</a>（pc）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年">光年</a>（ly）</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">天文單位</a>（AU）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2" title="月球距離">月球距離</a>（LD）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%88%B6#長度" title="台制">台制</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>尺</li> <li>寸</li> <li>分</li> <li>厘</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%88%E5%B1%AC%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="專屬單位">專屬單位</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%87%8C" title="海里">海里（浬）</a>（NM, Nm, nm, nmi, n mile）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%88_(%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="鏈 (海事長度單位)">鏈 (海事)</a>（cable）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97" title="埃斯特朗">埃</a>（Å）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%9E_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%88%B7)" title="點 (印刷)">点</a>（pt）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BE%E5%8D%A1" title="派卡">派卡</a>（pc）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%9D" title="條">條</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="自然單位">自然單位</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%9C%97%E5%85%8B%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6" title="普朗克長度">普朗克長度</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="天文學長度單位" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6" title="Template:天文長度"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6" title="Template talk:天文長度"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E9%95%B7%E5%BA%A6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:天文長度"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="天文學長度單位" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="天文學">天文學</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%BA%A6" title="长度">長度單位</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="地球半径">地球半径</a>（<i>R</i><sub>🜨</sub>或<i>R<sub>E</sub></i>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%A7%92" title="光秒">光秒</a>（ls）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="太阳半径">太阳半径</a>（<i>R</i><sub>☉</sub>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%B1%B3_(%E9%95%BF%E5%BA%A6%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="吉米 (长度单位)">京米</a>（Gm）</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">天文單位</a>（AU）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B4" title="光年">光年</a>（ly）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%92%E5%B7%AE%E8%B7%9D" title="秒差距">秒差距</a>（pc）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>參見：<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E8%B7%9D%E7%A6%BB%E5%B0%BA%E5%BA%A6" title="宇宙距离尺度">宇宙距离尺度</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E7%BA%A7_(%E9%95%BF%E5%BA%A6)" title="数量级 (长度)">数量级</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E6%8D%A2%E7%AE%97" title="单位换算">单位换算</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="国际单位" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SI%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E6%A1%86" title="Template:SI单位导航框"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SI%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E6%A1%86" title="Template talk:SI单位导航框"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:SI%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA%E6%A1%86" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:SI单位导航框"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="国际单位" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" title="国际单位制">国际单位</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="国际单位制基本单位">基本单位</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%92" title="秒">秒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="米 (单位)">米</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E5%85%8B" title="千克">千克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文">开尔文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9F%B9" title="安培">安培</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89" title="坎德拉">坎德拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="摩尔 (单位)">摩尔</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:International_System_Of_Units_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="SI base unit"><img alt="SI base unit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/International_System_Of_Units_Logo.png/125px-International_System_Of_Units_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/International_System_Of_Units_Logo.png/188px-International_System_Of_Units_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/International_System_Of_Units_Logo.png/250px-International_System_Of_Units_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="2481" data-file-height="2481" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%AF%BC%E5%87%BA%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="国际单位制导出单位">导出单位</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%85%B9" title="赫兹">赫兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A7%E5%BA%A6" title="弧度">弧度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%83%E9%9D%A2%E5%BA%A6" title="球面度">球面度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="牛頓 (單位)">牛頓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">帕斯卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3" title="焦耳">焦耳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9" title="瓦特">瓦特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E4%BB%91" title="库仑">库仑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9" title="伏特">伏特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E5%A7%86" title="歐姆">歐姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89" title="法拉">法拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%96%80%E5%AD%90_(%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D)" title="西門子 (單位)">西门子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A6%E4%BC%AF_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="韦伯 (单位)">韋伯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="特斯拉 (单位)">特斯拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="亨利 (单位)">亨利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="摄氏温标">摄氏度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%98%8E" title="流明">流明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" title="勒克斯">勒克斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92%E5%B0%94" title="贝克勒尔">贝克勒尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E7%91%9E" title="戈瑞">戈瑞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BC%97" title="西弗">希沃特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E7%89%B9" title="開特">開特</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E4%B8%A6%E7%94%A8%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="可並用單位">可並用單位</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">天文單位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%99%B8" title="公噸">吨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="道尔顿 (单位)">原子質量單位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8D%87" title="公升">升</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%92%9F" title="分钟">分</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%97%B6" title="小时">小时</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5" title="日">天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%A6_(%E8%A7%92)" title="度 (角)">度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A7%E5%88%86" title="弧分">角分</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A7%E7%A7%92" title="弧秒">角秒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9" title="電子伏特">电子伏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E8%B2%9D" title="分貝">分貝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E9%A1%B7" title="公顷">公顷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%9F%B9" title="奈培">奈培</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" title="原子单位制">原子單位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="自然單位制">自然單位</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">參閱</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E9%87%8F%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="计量单位">计量单位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E9%87%8F%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6" title="计量单位制">计量单位制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E6%8D%A2%E7%AE%97" title="单位换算">单位换算</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6%E8%AF%8D%E5%A4%B4" title="国际单位制词头">国际单位制词头</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="国际单位制基本单位">国际单位制基本单位</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D%E9%87%8D%E6%96%B0%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9" title="2019年國際單位制基本單位重新定義">2019年國際單位制基本單位重新定義</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span 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