CINXE.COM

BBC - Collections - History of the BBC

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="" lang="en-GB"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/historyofthebbc/collections","20170803120901","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1501762141"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <!-- Barlesque 3.21.23 --> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta name="description" content=""/> <meta name="keywords" content=""/> <title>BBC - Collections - History of the BBC</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta property="fb:admins" content="100004154058350"/> <!--[if (gt IE 8) | (IEMobile)]><!--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/style/orb.min.css"> <!--<![endif]--> <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/style/orb-ie.min.css"> <![endif]--> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2widgets/1.05.0/style/historyofthebbc.css"/> <!--orb.ws.require.lib--> <script class="js-require-lib" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/requirejs/lib.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> bbcRequireMap = {"jquery-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.7.2", "jquery-1.4":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.4", "jquery-1.9":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.9.1", "jquery-1.12":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.12.0.min", "jquery-2.2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-2.2.0.min", "istats-1":"//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-43/js/istats-1", "swfobject-2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/swfobject/0.1.10/sharedmodules/swfobject-2", "demi-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/demi/0.10.1/sharedmodules/demi-1", "gelui-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1", "cssp!gelui-1/overlay":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1/overlay.css", "relay-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/relay/0.2.6/sharedmodules/relay-1", "clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1", "canvas-clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/canvas-clock-1", "cssp!clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1.css", "jssignals-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jssignals/0.3.6/modules/jssignals-1", "jcarousel-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jcarousel/0.1.10/modules/jcarousel-1", "bump-3":"//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://emp.bbci.co.uk/emp/bump-3/bump-3", "navigation":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/navigation", "widgets/carousel":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/carousel", "widgets/explist":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/explist", "widgets/faq":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/faq", "widgets/form":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/form", "widgets/image":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/image", "widgets/include_file":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/include_file", "widgets/list":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/list", "widgets/richtext":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/richtext", "widgets/rss":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/rss", "widgets/search":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/search", "widgets/social-embed":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/social-embed", "widgets/social":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/social", "widgets/suplist":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/suplist", "widgets/tables":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/tables", "widgets/twitter":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/twitter", "widgets/vaccordion":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/vaccordion", "widgets/video":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/modules/widgets/video"}; require({ baseUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/', paths: bbcRequireMap, waitSeconds: 30 }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies_flag === 'undefined') { bbccookies_flag = 'ON'; } showCTA_flag = true; cta_enabled = (showCTA_flag && (bbccookies_flag === 'ON')); (function(){var m="ckns_policy",q="Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT",i={ads:true,personalisation:true,performance:true,necessary:true};function c(u){if(c.cache[u]){return c.cache[u]}var t=u.split("/"),v=[""];do{v.unshift((t.join("/")||"/"));t.pop()}while(v[0]!=="/");c.cache[u]=v;return v}c.cache={};function a(u){if(a.cache[u]){return a.cache[u]}var v=u.split("."),t=[];while(v.length&&"|co.uk|com|".indexOf("|"+v.join(".")+"|")===-1){if(v.length){t.push(v.join("."))}v.shift()}c.cache[u]=t;return t}a.cache={};function s(t,y,u){var E=[""].concat(a(window.location.hostname)),B=c(window.location.pathname),D="",w,C;for(var x=0,A=E.length;x<A;x++){w=E[x];for(var v=0,z=B.length;v<z;v++){C=B[v];D=t+"="+y+";"+(w?"domain="+w+";":"")+(C?"path="+C+";":"")+(u?"expires="+u+";":"");bbccookies.set(D,true)}}}window.bbccookies={POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS:new Date(2015,4,21,0,0,0,0).getTime(),POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME:"ckns_policy_exp",_setEverywhere:s,cookiesEnabled:function(){var t="ckns_testcookie"+Math.floor(Math.random()*100000);this.set(t+"=1");if(this.get().indexOf(t)>-1){e(t);return true}return false},get:function(){return document.cookie},getCrumb:function(t){if(!t){return null}return decodeURIComponent(document.cookie.replace(new RegExp("(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*"+encodeURIComponent(t).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g,"\\$&")+"\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$"),"$1"))||null},policyRequiresRefresh:function(){var u=new Date();u.setHours(0);u.setMinutes(0);u.setSeconds(0);u.setMilliseconds(0);if(bbccookies.POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS<=u.getTime()){var t=bbccookies.getCrumb(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME);if(t){t=new Date(parseInt(t));t.setYear(t.getFullYear()-1);return bbccookies.POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS>=t.getTime()}else{return true}}else{return false}},_setPolicy:function(t){return f.apply(this,arguments)},readPolicy:function(){return l.apply(this,arguments)},_deletePolicy:function(){s(m,"",q)},_isConfirmed:function(){return n()!==null},_acceptsAll:function(){var t=l();return t&&!(j(t).indexOf("0")>-1)},_getCookieName:function(){return b.apply(this,arguments)},_showPrompt:function(){var t=((!this._isConfirmed()||this.policyRequiresRefresh())&&window.cta_enabled&&this.cookiesEnabled()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);return(window.orb&&window.orb.fig)?t&&(window.orb.fig("no")||window.orb.fig("ck")):t},_getPolicy:this.readPolicy};function b(u){var t=(""+u).match(/^([^=]+)(?==)/);return(t&&t.length?t[0]:"")}function j(t){return""+(t.ads?1:0)+(t.personalisation?1:0)+(t.performance?1:0)}function f(x){if(typeof x==="undefined"){x=i}if(typeof arguments[0]==="string"){var u=arguments[0],w=arguments[1];if(u==="necessary"){w=true}x=l();x[u]=w}else{if(typeof arguments[0]==="object"){x.necessary=true}}var v=new Date();v.setYear(v.getFullYear()+1);bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbci.co.uk;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");var t=new Date(v.getTime());t.setMonth(t.getMonth()+1);bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbci.co.uk;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");return x}function o(t){if(t===null){return null}var u=t.split("");return{ads:!!+u[0],personalisation:!!+u[1],performance:!!+u[2],necessary:true}}function n(){var t=new RegExp("(?:^|; ?)"+m+"=(\\d\\d\\d)($|;)"),u=document.cookie.match(t);if(!u){return null}return u[1]}function l(t){var u=o(n());if(!u){u=i}if(t){return u[t]}else{return u}}function e(t){return document.cookie=t+"=;expires="+q+";"}var g=!(window.bbccookies_flag==="ON"&&!bbccookies._acceptsAll()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);var k={},d={"personalisation":"ckps_.+|X-AB-iplayer-.+|ACTVTYMKR|BBC_EXAMPLE_COOKIE|BBCIplayer|BBCiPlayerM|BBCIplayerSession|BBCMediaselector|BBCPostcoder|bbctravel|CGISESSID|ed|food-view|forceDesktop|h4|IMRID|locserv|MyLang|myloc|NTABS|ttduserPrefs|V5|WEATHER|BBCScienceDiscoveryPlaylist_.+|bitratePref|correctAnswerCount|genreCookie|highestQuestionScore|incorrectAnswerCount|longestStreak|MSCSProfile|programmes-oap-expanded|quickestAnswer|score|servicePanel|slowestAnswer|totalTimeForAllFormatted|v|BBCwords|score|correctAnswerCount|highestQuestionScore|hploc|BGUID|BBCWEACITY|mstouch|myway|BBCNewsCustomisation|cbbc_anim|cbeebies_snd|bbcsr_usersx|cbeebies_rd|BBC-Latest_Blogs|zh-enc|pref_loc|m|bbcEmp.+|recs-.+|_lvd2|_lvs2|tick|_fcap_CAM1|_rcc2","performance":"ckpf_.+|optimizely.*|BBCLiveStatsClick|id|_em_.+|cookies_enabled|mbox|mbox-admin|mc_.+|omniture_unique|s_.+|sc_.+|adpolicyAdDisplayFrequency|s1|ns_session|ns_cookietest|ns_ux|NO-SA|tr_pr1|gvsurvey|bbcsurvey|si_v|sa_labels|obuid|mm_.+|mmid|mmcore.+|mmpa.+","ads":"ckad_.+|rsi_segs|c","necessary":"ckns_.+|BBC-UID|blq\\.dPref|SSO2-UID|BBC-H2-User|rmRpDetectReal|bbcComSurvey|IDENTITY_ENV|IDENTITY|IDENTITY-HTTPS|IDENTITY_SESSION|BBCCOMMENTSMODULESESSID|bbcBump.+|IVOTE_VOTE_HISTORY|pulse|BBCPG|BBCPGstat|ecos\\.dt"};function r(){var x=document.cookie.replace(/; +/g,";").split(";"),u,v=[];for(var w=0,t=x.length;w<t;w++){u=x[w];v.push(bbccookies._getCookieName(u))}return v}function h(w){var v=JSON.stringify(w);if(typeof(k[v])!=="undefined"){return k[v]}var u="";for(var t in w){if(w.hasOwnProperty(t)&&d[t]){if(w[t]===true){u+=(u?"|":"")+d[t]}}}k[v]=new RegExp("^("+(u?u:".*")+")$","i");return k[v]}bbccookies.getPolicyExpiryDateTime=function(){return bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME};bbccookies.purge=function(){var u=bbccookies.readPolicy(),w=r(),x;for(var v=0,t=w.length;v<t;v++){if(!bbccookies.isAllowed(w[v],u)){x=new Date();x.setTime(0);x=x.toUTCString();s(w[v],"deleted",x)}}};function p(){if(g){return}bbccookies.purge();contentLoaded(window,bbccookies.purge);if(window.addEventListener){window.addEventListener("beforeunload",bbccookies.purge,false)}else{if(window.attachEvent){window.attachEvent("onbeforeunload",bbccookies.purge)}else{window.onbeforeunload=bbccookies.purge}}}bbccookies.set=function(u,t){if(g){return document.cookie=u}var v=bbccookies._getCookieName(u);if(t||bbccookies.isAllowed(v)){return document.cookie=u}return null};bbccookies.isAllowed=function(v){var u=bbccookies.readPolicy();var t=h(u);return t.test(v)};p()})(); /*! * contentloaded.js * * Author: Diego Perini (diego.perini at gmail.com) * Summary: cross-browser wrapper for DOMContentLoaded * Updated: 20101020 * License: MIT * Version: 1.2 * * URL: * http://javascript.nwbox.com/ContentLoaded/ * http://javascript.nwbox.com/ContentLoaded/MIT-LICENSE * */ function contentLoaded(d,i){var c=false,h=true,k=d.document,j=k.documentElement,a=k.addEventListener,n=a?"addEventListener":"attachEvent",l=a?"removeEventListener":"detachEvent",b=a?"":"on",m=function(o){if(o.type==="readystatechange"&&k.readyState!="complete"){return}(o.type==="load"?d:k)[l](b+o.type,m,false);if(!c&&(c=true)){i.call(d,o.type||o)}},g=function(){try{j.doScroll("left")}catch(o){setTimeout(g,50);return}m("poll")};if(k.readyState==="complete"){i.call(d,"lazy")}else{if(!a&&j.doScroll){try{h=!d.frameElement}catch(f){}if(h){g()}}k[n](b+"DOMContentLoaded",m,false);k[n](b+"readystatechange",m,false);d[n](b+"load",m,false)}}if(typeof(require)==="function"&&!require.defined("orb/cookies")){define("orb/cookies",window.bbccookies)}; /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){window.orb={};window.orb.figState={ad:0,ap:0,ck:1,eu:1,mb:0,tb:0,uk:1,df:1};window.orb.fig=function(a){return(arguments.length)?window.orb.figState[a]:window.orb.figState};window.orb.fig.device={};window.orb.fig.geo={};window.orb.fig.user={};window.orb.fig.isDefault=function(){return window.orb.fig("df")};window.orb.fig.device.isTablet=function(){return window.orb.fig("tb")};window.orb.fig.device.isMobile=function(){return window.orb.fig("mb")};window.orb.fig.geo.isUK=function(){return window.orb.fig("uk")};window.orb.fig.geo.isEU=function(){return window.orb.fig("eu")};window.fig=window.fig||{};window.fig.manager={include:function(e){e=e||window;var g=false;var j=e.document,k=j.cookie,i=k.match(/(?:^|; ?)ckns_orb_fig=([^;]+)/),h;if(i){i=this.deserialise(decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1));this.setFig(e,i)}if(window.fig.async&&typeof JSON!="undefined"){var b=(document.cookie.match("(^|; )ckns_orb_cachedfig=([^;]*)")||0)[2];h=b?JSON.parse(b):null;if(h){this.setFig(e,h);g=true}}var a="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/https://fig.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/fig/1/fig.js";if(g){j.write('<script src="'+a+'" async><'+"/script>")}else{j.write('<script src="'+a+'"><'+"/script>")}},confirm:function(a){return true},setFig:function(a,b){(function(){a.orb=a.orb||{};a.orb.figState=b})()},deserialise:function(b){var a={};b.replace(/([a-z]{2}):([0-9]+)/g,function(){a[RegExp.$1]=+RegExp.$2});return a}}})();fig.manager.include();/*]]>*/</script> <!-- Nav Analytics : 72 --> <script type="text/javascript">window.bbcFlagpoles_istats="ON",require.config({paths:{"istats-1":"//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-72/js/istats-1","megavolt-client":"//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-72/js/megavolt-client"}}),require.defined("orb/cookies")||(window.bbccookies?define("orb/cookies",function(){return window.bbccookies}):define("orb/cookies",function(){return{isAllowed:function(e){return!1}}})),require(["megavolt-client","istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(e,t,o){if(o.isAllowed("s1")){e.setMegavoltUrl("https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/https://mvt.api.bbc.com");e.setMegavoltTimeout("1000");t.addCollector({name:"default",url:"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s",separator:"&"});var i="historyofthebbc.collections.page";t.setCountername(i),window.istats_countername&&t.setCountername(window.istats_countername),t.addLabels("ml_name=webmodule&ml_version=72")}});</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ window.bbcFlagpoles_istats = 'ON'; window.orb = window.orb || {}; if (typeof bbccookies !== 'undefined' && bbccookies.isAllowed('s1')) { var istatsTrackingUrl = '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=historyofthebbc.collections.page&pal_route=index_index_wildcard2&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=corporate2&prod_name=historyofthebbc&app_name=historyofthebbc'; require(['istats-1'], function (istats) { var counterName = (window.istats_countername) ? window.istats_countername : istatsTrackingUrl.match(/[\?&]name=([^&]*)/i)[1]; istats.setCountername(counterName); istats.addLabels('pal_route=index_index_wildcard2&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=corporate2&prod_name=historyofthebbc&app_name=historyofthebbc'); var c = (document.cookie.match(/\bckns_policy=(\d\d\d)/) || []).pop() || ''; istats.addLabels({ 'blq_s': '4d', 'blq_r': '4', 'blq_v': 'default', 'blq_e': 'pal', 'bbc_mc': (c ? 'ad' + c.charAt(0) + 'ps' + c.charAt(1) + 'pf' + c.charAt(2) : 'not_set') } ); }); } /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(undefined){if(!window.bbc){window.bbc={}}var ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS=30;window.bbc.Mandolin=function(id,segments,opts){var now=new Date().getTime(),storedItem,DEFAULT_START=now,DEFAULT_RATE=1,COOKIE_NAME="ckpf_mandolin";opts=opts||{};this._id=id;this._segmentSet=segments;this._store=new window.window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage(COOKIE_NAME);this._opts=opts;this._rate=(opts.rate!==undefined)?+opts.rate:DEFAULT_RATE;this._startTs=(opts.start!==undefined)?new Date(opts.start).getTime():new Date(DEFAULT_START).getTime();this._endTs=(opts.end!==undefined)?new Date(opts.end).getTime():daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);this._signupEndTs=(opts.signupEnd!==undefined)?new Date(opts.signupEnd).getTime():this._endTs;this._segment=null;if(typeof id!=="string"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: id must be defined and be a string")}if(Object.prototype.toString.call(segments)!=="[object Array]"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Segments are required.")}if(opts.rate!==undefined&&(opts.rate<0||opts.rate>1)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Rate must be between 0 and 1.")}if(this._startTs>this._endTs){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: end date must occur after start date.")}if(!(this._startTs<this._signupEndTs&&this._signupEndTs<=this._endTs)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: SignupEnd must be between start and end date")}removeExpired.call(this,now);var overrides=window.bbccookies.get().match(/ckns_mandolin_setSegments=([^;]+)/);if(overrides!==null){eval("overrides = "+decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1)+";");if(overrides[this._id]&&this._segmentSet.indexOf(overrides[this._id])==-1){throw new Error("Invalid Override: overridden segment should exist in segments array")}}if(overrides!==null&&overrides[this._id]){this._segment=overrides[this._id]}else{if((storedItem=this._store.getItem(this._id))){this._segment=storedItem.segment}else{if(this._startTs<=now&&now<this._signupEndTs&&now<=this._endTs&&this._store.isEnabled()===true){this._segment=pick(segments,this._rate);if(opts.end===undefined){this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment})}else{this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment,end:this._endTs})}log.call(this,"mandolin_segment")}}}log.call(this,"mandolin_view")};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.getSegment=function(){return this._segment};function log(actionType,params){var that=this;require(["istats-1"],function(istats){istats.log(actionType,that._id+":"+that._segment,params?params:{})})}function removeExpired(expires){var items=this._store.getItems(),expiresInt=+expires;for(var key in items){if(items[key].end!==undefined&&+items[key].end<expiresInt){this._store.removeItem(key)}}}function getLastExpirationDate(data){var winner=0,rollingExpire=daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);for(var key in data){if(data[key].end===undefined&&rollingExpire>winner){winner=rollingExpire}else{if(+data[key].end>winner){winner=+data[key].end}}}return(winner)?new Date(winner):new Date(rollingExpire)}window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.log=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_log",params)};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.convert=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_convert",params);this.convert=function(){}};function daysFromNow(n){var endDate;endDate=new Date().getTime()+(n*60*60*24)*1000;return endDate}function pick(segments,rate){var picked,min=0,max=segments.length-1;if(typeof rate==="number"&&Math.random()>rate){return null}do{picked=Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1))+min}while(picked>max);return segments[picked]}window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage=function(name){validateCookieName(name);this._cookieName=name;this._isEnabled=(bbccookies.isAllowed(this._cookieName)===true&&bbccookies.cookiesEnabled()===true)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.setItem=function(key,value){var storeData=this.getItems();storeData[key]=value;this.save(storeData);return value};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._isEnabled};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();return storeData[key]};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.removeItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();delete storeData[key];this.save(storeData)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItems=function(){return deserialise(this.readCookie(this._cookieName)||"")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.save=function(data){window.bbccookies.set(this._cookieName+"="+encodeURIComponent(serialise(data))+"; expires="+getLastExpirationDate(data).toUTCString()+";")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.readCookie=function(name){var nameEq=name+"=",ca=window.bbccookies.get().split("; "),i,c;validateCookieName(name);for(i=0;i<ca.length;i++){c=ca[i];if(c.indexOf(nameEq)===0){return decodeURIComponent(c.substring(nameEq.length,c.length))}}return null};function serialise(o){var str="";for(var p in o){if(o.hasOwnProperty(p)){str+='"'+p+'"'+":"+(typeof o[p]==="object"?(o[p]===null?"null":"{"+serialise(o[p])+"}"):'"'+o[p].toString()+'"')+","}}return str.replace(/,\}/g,"}").replace(/,$/g,"")}function deserialise(str){var o;str="{"+str+"}";if(!validateSerialisation(str)){throw"Invalid input provided for deserialisation."}eval("o = "+str);return o}var validateSerialisation=(function(){var OBJECT_TOKEN="<Object>",ESCAPED_CHAR='"\\n\\r\\u2028\\u2029\\u000A\\u000D\\u005C',ALLOWED_CHAR="([^"+ESCAPED_CHAR+"]|\\\\["+ESCAPED_CHAR+"])",KEY='"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'+"',VALUE='(null|"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'*"|'+OBJECT_TOKEN+")",KEY_VALUE=KEY+":"+VALUE,KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE="("+KEY_VALUE+",)*"+KEY_VALUE,OBJECT_LITERAL="({}|{"+KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE+"})",objectPattern=new RegExp(OBJECT_LITERAL,"g");return function(str){if(str.indexOf(OBJECT_TOKEN)!==-1){return false}while(str.match(objectPattern)){str=str.replace(objectPattern,OBJECT_TOKEN)}return str===OBJECT_TOKEN}})();function validateCookieName(name){if(name.match(/ ,;/)){throw"Illegal name provided, must be valid in browser cookie."}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.documentElement.className += (document.documentElement.className? ' ' : '') + 'orb-js'; fig.manager.confirm(); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/script/orb/api.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var blq = { environment: function() { return 'live'; } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ function oqsSurveyManager(w, flag) { if (flag !== 'OFF' && (w.orb.fig("no") || w.orb.fig("uk"))) { w.document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/script/vendor/edr.min.js"><'+'/script>'); } } oqsSurveyManager(window, 'ON'); /*]]>*/ </script> <!-- BBCDOTCOM template: responsive webservice --> <!-- BBCDOTCOM head --><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); /*]]>*/ </script><style type="text/css">.bbccom_display_none{display:none;}</style><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcomConfig, googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; var bbcdotcom = false; (function(){ if(typeof require !== 'undefined') { require({ paths:{ "bbcdotcom":"https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.61.0/script" } }); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcom = { adverts: { keyValues: { set: function() {} } }, advert: { write: function () {}, show: function () {}, isActive: function () { return false; }, layout: function() { return { reset: function() {} } } }, config: { init: function() {}, isActive: function() {}, setSections: function() {}, isAdsEnabled: function() {}, setAdsEnabled: function() {}, isAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAssetPrefix: function() {}, setVersion: function () {}, setJsPrefix: function() {}, setSwfPrefix: function() {}, setCssPrefix: function() {}, setConfig: function() {}, getAssetPrefix: function() {}, getJsPrefix: function () {}, getSwfPrefix: function () {}, getCssPrefix: function () {} }, survey: { init: function(){ return false; } }, data: {}, init: function() {}, objects: function(str) { return false; }, locale: { set: function() {}, get: function() {} }, setAdKeyValue: function() {}, utils: { addEvent: function() {}, addHtmlTagClass: function() {}, log: function () {} }, addLoadEvent: function() {} }; /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb !== 'undefined' && typeof orb.fig === 'function') { if (orb.fig('ad') && orb.fig('uk') == 0) { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: (orb.fig('ad') ? 1 : 0), stats: (orb.fig('uk') == 0 ? 1 : 0), statsProvider: orb.fig('ap') }; } } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/https://www.bbc.com' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://tps.bbc.com')+'/wwscripts/data">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb === 'undefined' || typeof orb.fig !== 'function') { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: bbcdotcom.data.a, stats: bbcdotcom.data.b, statsProvider: bbcdotcom.data.c }; } if (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/https://www.bbc.co.uk' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk')+'/wwscripts/flag">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (typeof bbcdotcom.flag == 'undefined' || (typeof bbcdotcom.data.ads !== 'undefined' && bbcdotcom.flag.a != 1))) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 0; } if (/[?|&]ads/.test(window.location.href) || /(^|; )ads=on; /.test(document.cookie) || /; ads=on(; |$)/.test(document.cookie)) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 1; bbcdotcom.data.stats = 1; } if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcom.assetPrefix = "https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.61.0/"; if (/(sandbox|int)(.dev)*.bbc.co*/.test(window.location.href) || /[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ads-debug=') !== -1) { document.write('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.61.0/style/dist/bbcdotcom.dev.css" />'); } else { document.write('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.61.0/style/dist/bbcdotcom.css" />'); } (function() { var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; var src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; document.write('<scr' + 'ipt src="' + src + '">\x3C/script>'); })(); if (/(sandbox|int)(.dev)*.bbc.co*/.test(window.location.href) || /[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ads-debug=') !== -1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.61.0/script/dist/bbcdotcom.dev.js">\x3C/script>'); } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.61.0/script/dist/bbcdotcom.js">\x3C/script>'); } } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://secure-us.imrworldwide.com/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://me-cdn.effectivemeasure.net/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://ssc.api.bbc.com/">'); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.googletagservices.com/">'); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcomConfig = {"adFormat":"standard","adKeyword":"","adMode":"smart","adsEnabled":true,"appAnalyticsSections":"","asyncEnabled":false,"disableInitialLoad":false,"advertInfoPageUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170803120901\/http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/privacy\/cookies\/international\/","advertisementText":"Advertisement","analyticsEnabled":true,"appName":"corporate2","assetPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170803120901\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.61.0\/","customAdParams":[],"customStatsParams":[],"headline":"","id":"","inAssociationWithText":"in association with","keywords":"","language":"","orbTransitional":false,"outbrainEnabled":true,"adsenseEnabled":true,"adsportappEnabled":true,"palEnv":"live","productName":"","sections":[],"comScoreEnabled":true,"comscoreSite":"bbc","comscoreID":"19293874","comscorePageName":"","slots":"","sponsoredByText":"is sponsored by","adsByGoogleText":"Ads by Google","summary":"","type":"","features":{"testfeature":{"name":"testfeature","envs":["sandbox","int","test"],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null},"lxadverts":{"name":"lxadverts","envs":[],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null}},"staticBase":"\/bbcdotcom","staticHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170803120901\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk","staticVersion":"1.61.0","staticPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170803120901\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.61.0","dataHttp":"tps.bbc.com","dataHttps":"www.bbc.com","flagHttp":"www.bbc.co.uk","flagHttps":"www.bbc.co.uk","analyticsHttp":"sa.bbc.com","analyticsHttps":"ssa.bbc.com"}; bbcdotcom.config.init(bbcdotcomConfig, bbcdotcom.data, window.location, window.document); bbcdotcom.config.setAssetPrefix("https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.61.0/"); bbcdotcom.config.setVersion("1.61.0"); document.write('<!--[if IE 7]><script type="text/javascript">bbcdotcom.config.setIE7(true);\x3C/script><![endif]-->'); document.write('<!--[if IE 8]><script type="text/javascript">bbcdotcom.config.setIE8(true);\x3C/script><![endif]-->'); document.write('<!--[if IE 9]><script type="text/javascript">bbcdotcom.config.setIE9(true);\x3C/script><![endif]-->'); if (/[?|&]ex-dp/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ex-dp=') !== -1) { bbcdotcom.utils.addHtmlTagClass('bbcdotcom-ex-dp'); } } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.head = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script> <!--Searchbox:129--> <script type="text/javascript"> // Globally available search context window.SEARCHBOX={"variant":"default","locale":"en","navSearchboxStaticPrefix":"//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-129","searchboxAppStaticPrefix":"//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://search.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox-app/1.0.16","searchFormHtml":"<div tabindex=\"-1\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg\" data-react-checksum=\"1923032532\"><div data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0\"><section class=\"se-searchbox-panel\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-layout\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox-title\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.0\">search</div><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1\"><form accept-charset=\"utf-8\" id=\"searchboxDrawerForm\" method=\"get\" action=\"//search.bbc.co.uk/search\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1.0\"><label class=\"se-searchbox__input\" for=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1.0.0\"><span class=\"se-sr-only\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.0\">Search Term</span><input name=\"q\" type=\"text\" value=\"\" id=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" class=\"se-searchbox__input__field\" maxlength=\"512\" autocomplete=\"off\" autocorrect=\"off\" autocapitalize=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1\"/></label><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"scope\" value=\"\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1.0.2\"/><button type=\"submit\" class=\"se-searchbox__submit\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1.0.3\">Search</button><button type=\"button\" class=\"se-searchbox__clear se-searchbox__clear--visible\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.0.0.0.1.0.4\">Close</button></form></div></div></div></section><div aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" class=\"se-suggestions-container\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.1\"><section class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\".2fvssx2jgg.0.1.0\"></section></div></div></div>","searchScopePlaceholder":"","searchScopeParam":"","searchScopeTemplate":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperStart":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperEnd":""}; window.SEARCHBOX.suppress = false; window.SEARCHBOX.searchScope = SEARCHBOX.searchScopeTemplate.split('-')[0]; </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901cs_/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-129/css/main.css"> <!--[if IE 8]> <script type="text/javascript" src="//nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-129/script/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window['searchboxIEVersion'] = 8;</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-129/css/ie8.css"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]> <script type="text/javascript">window['searchboxIEVersion'] = 9;</script> <![endif]--> <!--NavID:0.2.0-143--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901cs_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/id-cta.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901cs_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/id-cta-v5.css"/> <!--[if IE 8]><link href="//static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/ie8.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <![endif]--> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var map = {}; if (typeof(map['jssignals-1']) == 'undefined') { map['jssignals-1'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/https://static.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/jssignals/0.3.6/modules/jssignals-1'; } require({paths: map}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/dist/idcta-1.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { if (!window.require) { throw new Error('idcta: could not find require module'); } if(typeof(map) == 'undefined') { var map = {}; } if(!!document.createElementNS && !!document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', "svg").createSVGRect) { document.documentElement.className += ' id-svg'; } var ptrt = RegExp("[\\?&]ptrt=([^&#]*)").exec(document.location.href); var ENDPOINT_URL = '//' + ((window.location.protocol == "https:") ? ('ssl.bbc.co.uk').replace("www.", "ssl.") : ('ssl.bbc.co.uk').replace("ssl.", "www.")); var ENDPOINT_CONFIG = ('/idcta/config?callback&amp;locale=en-GB&ptrt=' + encodeURI((ptrt ? ptrt[1] : document.location.href))).replace(/\&amp;/g, '&'); var ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS = '/idcta/translations?callback&locale=en-GB'; map['idapp-1'] = '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbc.co.uk/idapp/0.72.58/modules/idapp/idapp-1'; map['idcta'] = '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta'; map['idcta/config'] = [ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_CONFIG, '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/fallbackConfig']; map['idcta/translations'] = [ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS, '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/fallbackTranslations']; require({paths: map}); /* * Temporary code * To be removed when old id-statusbar-config is no longer supported */ define('id-statusbar-config', ['idcta/id-config'], function(conf) { return conf; }); define('idcta/id-statusbar-config', ['idcta/id-config'], function(conf) { return conf; }); })(); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901cs_/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.1/css/main.min.css"/> <script type="text/javascript">if (! window.gloader) { window.gloader = [ "glow", {map: "//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://node1.bbcimg.co.uk/glow/glow/map.1.7.7.js"}]; }</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://node1.bbcimg.co.uk/glow/gloader.0.1.6.js"></script> <!--<script> (function(){ require({ paths: { "bump-3": "\/\/emp.bbci.co.uk\/emp\/bump-3\/bump-3" }, waitSeconds: 30 }); })(); </script>--> <link href="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate/css/corporate_nav_dropdown.css?3.5.12" media="all" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/> <!--[if lte IE 6]> <link href="//static.bbci.co.uk/corporate/css/corporate_nav_dropdown_lte_ie6.css?3.5.12" media="all" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><![endif]--> </head> <body class="cf2-collections no-touch "> <!-- BBCDOTCOM bodyFirst --><div id="bbccom_interstitial_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_interstitial" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_interstitial'); }); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { var wallpaper; if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { if (bbcdotcom.config.isAsync()) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_wallpaper'); }); } else { googletag.display("wallpaper"); } wallpaper = bbcdotcom.adverts.adRegister.getAd('wallpaper'); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAdsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('analytics')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAnalyticsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyFirst = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script> <div id="blq-global"> <div id="blq-pre-mast"> </div> </div> <script type="text/html" id="blq-bbccookies-tmpl"><![CDATA[ <section> <div id="bbccookies" class="bbccookies-banner orb-banner-wrapper bbccookies-d"> <div id="bbccookies-prompt" class="orb-banner b-g-p b-r b-f"> <h2 class="orb-banner-title"> Cookies on the BBC website </h2> <p class="orb-banner-content" dir="ltr"> The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website.<span class="bbccookies-international-message"> We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you.</span> If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. </p> <ul class="orb-banner-options"> <li id="bbccookies-continue"> <button type="button" id="bbccookies-continue-button">Continue</button> </li> <li id="bbccookies-settings"> <a href="/privacy/cookies/managing/cookie-settings.html">Change settings</a> </li> <li id="bbccookies-more"><a href="/privacy/cookies/bbc">Find out more</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </section> ]]></script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){if(bbccookies._showPrompt()){var g=document,b=g.getElementById("blq-pre-mast"),e=g.getElementById("blq-bbccookies-tmpl"),a,f;if(b&&g.createElement){a=g.createElement("div");f=e.innerHTML;f=f.replace("<"+"![CDATA[","").replace("]]"+">","");a.innerHTML=f;b.appendChild(a);blqCookieContinueButton=g.getElementById("bbccookies-continue-button");blqCookieContinueButton.onclick=function(){a.parentNode.removeChild(a);return false};bbccookies._setPolicy(bbccookies.readPolicy())}var c=g.getElementById("bbccookies");if(c&&!window.orb.fig("uk")){c.className=c.className.replace(/\bbbccookies-d\b/,"");c.className=c.className+(" bbccookies-w")}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <noscript><p style="position: absolute; top: -999em"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=historyofthebbc.collections.page&amp;ml_name=webmodule&amp;ml_version=72&amp;blq_js_enabled=0&amp;blq_s=4d&amp;blq_r=4&amp;blq_v=default&amp;blq_e=pal&amp;pal_route=index_index_wildcard2&amp;app_type=responsive&amp;language=en-GB&amp;pal_webapp=corporate2&amp;prod_name=historyofthebbc&amp;app_name=historyofthebbc" height="1" width="1" alt=""></p></noscript> <!-- Begin iStats 20100118 (UX-CMC 1.1009.3) --> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies !== 'undefined' && bbccookies.isAllowed('s1')) { (function () { require(['istats-1'], function (istats) { istatsTrackingUrl = istats.getDefaultURL(); if (istats.isEnabled() && bbcFlagpoles_istats === 'ON') { sitestat(istatsTrackingUrl); } else { window.ns_pixelUrl = istatsTrackingUrl; /* used by Flash library to track */ } function sitestat(n) { var j = document, f = j.location, b = ""; if (j.cookie.indexOf("st_ux=") != -1) { var k = j.cookie.split(";"); var e = "st_ux", h = document.domain, a = "/"; if (typeof ns_ != "undefined" && typeof ns_.ux != "undefined") { e = ns_.ux.cName || e; h = ns_.ux.cDomain || h; a = ns_.ux.cPath || a } for (var g = 0, f = k.length; g < f; g++) { var m = k[g].indexOf("st_ux="); if (m != -1) { b = "&" + decodeURI(k[g].substring(m + 6)) } } bbccookies.set(e + "=; expires=" + new Date(new Date().getTime() - 60).toGMTString() + "; path=" + a + "; domain=" + h); } window.ns_pixelUrl = n; } }); })(); } else { window.istats = {enabled: false}; } /*]]>*/</script> <!-- End iStats (UX-CMC) --> <!--[if (gt IE 8) | (IEMobile)]><!--> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner"> <!--<![endif]--> <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]> <![if (IE 8)]> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner" class="orb-old-ie orb-ie8"> <![endif]> <![if (IE 7)]> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner" class="orb-old-ie orb-ie7"> <![endif]> <![if (IE 6)]> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner" class="orb-old-ie orb-ie6"> <![endif]> <![endif]--> <div id="orb-header" class="orb-nav-pri orb-nav-pri-black b-header--black--white orb-nav-empty"> <div class="orb-nav-pri-container b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-blocks"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/"> <img class="orb-nav-theme-dynamic" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/img/bbc-blocks-light.png" width="84" height="24" alt="BBC" data-activesrc="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/img/bbc-blocks-dark.png"/> </a> </div> <section> <div class="orb-skip-links"> <h2>Accessibility links</h2> <ul> <li><a id="orb-accessibility-help" href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div id="mybbc-wrapper" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-id orb-nav-focus"> <div id="idcta-statusbar" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-focus"> <a id="idcta-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/https://account.bbc.com/account?ptrt=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistoryofthebbc%2Fcollections"> <span id="idcta-username">BBC iD</span> </a> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> require(['idcta/statusbar'], function(statusbar) { new statusbar.Statusbar({"id":"idcta-statusbar","publiclyCacheable":true}); }); </script> <a id="notification-link" class="js-notification-link animated three" href="#"> <span class="hidden-span">Notifications</span> <div class="notification-link--triangle"></div> <div class="notification-link--triangle"></div> <span id="not-num"></span> </a> </div> <nav role="navigation" class="orb-nav"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-links orb-nav-focus" id="orb-nav-links"> <h2>BBC navigation</h2> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-home orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-homedotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/">Sport</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/">Weather</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Future</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/">TV</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/">Radio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/">Food</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iwonder">iWonder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/education">Bitesize</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/">Arts</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-makeitdigital"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/taster">Taster</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/local/">Local</a> </li> <li id="orb-nav-more"><a href="#orb-footer" data-alt="More">Menu<span class="orb-icon orb-icon-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-search"> <a class="orb-search__button" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://search.bbc.co.uk/search" title="Search the BBC">Search</a> <form class="b-f" id="orb-search-form" role="search" method="get" action="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://search.bbc.co.uk/search" accept-charset="utf-8"> <div> <label for="orb-search-q">Search the BBC</label> <input id="orb-search-q" type="text" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" name="q" placeholder="Search"> <button id="orb-search-button" class="orb-search__button">Search the BBC</button> <input type="hidden" name="suggid" id="orb-search-suggid"/> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="orb-panels"> <script type="text/template" id="orb-panel-template"><![CDATA[ <div id="orb-panel-<%= panelname %>" class="orb-panel" aria-labelledby="orb-nav-<%= panelname %>"> <div class="orb-panel-content b-g-p b-r"> <%= panelcontent %> </div> </div> ]]></script> </div> </div> </header> <!-- Styling hook for shared modules only --> <div id="orb-modules"> <div class="page-head"> <div id="corporate-banner" class="en b-g-p" role="banner"> <div class="clearfix corporate-banner-inner"> <nav role="navigation"> <ul id="corporate-nav" role="menubar"> <li class="home" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/">Home</a> </li> <li class="inside" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/">Inside the BBC</a> </li> <li class="mediacentre" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/">Media Centre</a> </li> <li class="partners" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/partnersandsuppliers/">Partners &amp; Suppliers</a> </li> <li class="careers" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/careers/">Careers</a> </li> <li class="feedback" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/helpandfeedback/">Help &amp; Feedback</a> </li> <li class="a-z last" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/atoz/">A–Z</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div id="corporate-heading"><span>About the BBC</span></div> </div> </div> <div id="corporate-nav-dropdown"></div> </div> <div id="cf-content" class="content-no-sidebar b-g-p"> <div id="cf-header"> <div id="cf-header-masthead"> <!-- BBC TRUST MOTHBALL BANNER --> <h1><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc">History of the BBC</a></h1> <div id="cf-header-share"> <div class="bbc-st bbc-st-slim bbc-st-colour"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/modules/sharetools/share?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2F%2Fcollections&amp;appId=corporate-historyofthebbc" title="Share this page">Share this page</a></div> </div> <nav id="cf-nav-mobile" role="navigation"> <span id="cf-nav-mobile-control"> - </span> <ul id="cf-menu-mobile-top" class="level0" role="menu"> <li class="home"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/">Home<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/anniversaries">Anniversaries<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/100-voices">100 Voices<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li class="sub-menu active"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections">Collections<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li class="sub-menu"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/buildings">Buildings<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li class="sub-menu"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/research">Research<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/charter-archive">BBC Charter Archive<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div id="cf-header-nav"> <ul class="level0" role="menubar"> <li class="home"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/anniversaries">Anniversaries</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/100-voices">100 Voices</a></li> <li class="active"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections">Collections</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/buildings">Buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/research">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/charter-archive">BBC Charter Archive</a></li> </ul> <ul class="level1" role="menubar"> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/photos">Photos</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/branding">Branding</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/programmes">Programmes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/technology">Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/director-general-portraits">Director-General portraits</a></li> </ul> </div> <nav id="cf-nav-mobile-sections" role="navigation"><span id="cf-nav-mobile-sections-control">Sections <span class="indicator"></span></span><ul id="cf-menu-mobile-sections" class="level1" role="menu"> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/photos">Photos<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/art">Art<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/branding">Branding<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/programmes">Programmes<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/technology">Technology<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> <li><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/director-general-portraits">Director-General portraits<span class="indicator"></span></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <!-- END OF cf-header --> <div role="article"> <div class="widget-container widget-container-left" data-widget-section-index="2"> <div id="heading-bbc-collections" class="widget widget-heading" data-widget-index="1"><h2>BBC Collections</h2></div> <div class="widget widget-richtext" data-widget-index="3"><div class="text"><p>With so many decades of broadcasting behind it, the BBC has accumulated numerous exciting&nbsp; collections of programme related objects, photographs, works of art, and items of technology. The Corporation is tasked with looking after its own history, and through its partners, such as the National Media Museum in Bradford it is becoming increasingly possible to access these collections through exhibitions and events. Our online collection below reveals some of the classic gems of the collection – a permanent insight into what is not always on show elsewhere.</p></div></div><div class="widget widget-pagelink widget-pagelink-featured" data-widget-index="4"><ul><li class="item first"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/photos"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/images/width/live/p0/27/vr/p027vrpk.jpg/256" width="256" height="144" alt="Photos" data-pid="p027vrpk"/></a><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/photos">Photos</a></h3><p class="text">There are thousands of pictures in the BBC’s photographic archives, many of which can be seen at BBC exhibitions. The BBC regularly partners up with The National Media Museum, The Science Museum, The Lowry, and others to tell aspects of the BBC story, and still images form an important part of this work. Our online selection includes images of the BBC at war, and pictures of celebrity interviews.</p><p class="tags"></p></div></li><li class="item"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/art"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/images/width/live/p0/27/v8/p027v8cg.jpg/256" width="256" height="144" alt="Art" data-pid="p027v8cg"/></a><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/art">Art</a></h3><p class="text">The small art collection held by the BBC consists mainly of works donated by partner organisations, individuals with a strong connection to the broadcast world, and other public broadcasters. Displayed around BBC properties throughout the country, the collection does not consist of highly valuable pieces. Much of the art captures a moment in broadcast history or may have been commissioned for use in a programme or series.</p><p class="tags"></p></div></li><li class="item"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/branding"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/images/width/live/p0/27/sf/p027sf2h.jpg/256" width="256" height="144" alt="Branding" data-pid="p027sf2h"/></a><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/branding">Branding</a></h3><p class="text">Prior to the widespread use of computer graphics, the on screen identities (‘idents’)of BBC TV channels were generated mechanically. Mechanical clocks were also seen regularly, often before important broadcasts such as the national news. Two idents are on show at the Media Café in New Broadcasting House, London, and the last mechanical clock to be used on air is also on display. A permanent display of ident images is also on show. Our online presentation covers most of the BBC’s channel identities seen on screen over the years.</p><p class="tags"></p></div></li><li class="item"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/programmes"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/images/width/live/p0/27/sf/p027sf0b.jpg/256" width="256" height="144" alt="Programmes" data-pid="p027sf0b"/></a><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/programmes">Programmes</a></h3><p class="text">The rubber dog that killed dirty Den in Eastenders , and an original mould used in the creation of Dr. Who’s Dalek’s - these are just a couple of the many objects we feature in this section. At one time all television production was produced in-house and a very large collection of items were recycled over and over again for a very wide variety of programmes. As programme making practice has changed, fewer items, used many times over were needed, and online you’ll see a small selection of those.</p><p class="tags"></p></div></li><li class="item"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/technology"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/images/width/live/p0/28/7q/p0287qq5.jpg/256" width="256" height="144" alt="Technology" data-pid="p0287qq5"/></a><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/technology">Technology</a></h3><p class="text">The National Media Museum in Bradford holds the bulk of a large collection of technological items developed by the BBC over the years. Pioneering cameras, ground breaking microphones, and eccentric machinery that recorded some of the earliest broadcast sounds are featured here.</p><p class="tags"></p></div></li><li class="item"><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/director-general-portraits"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/images/width/live/p0/28/52/p02852q3.jpg/256" width="256" height="144" alt="Director-General portraits" data-pid="p02852q3"/></a><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/collections/director-general-portraits">Director-General portraits</a></h3><p class="text">Like many large public service institutions in Britain, the BBC at one time commissioned portraits of its most senior leader. In the BBC hierarchy that person is the Director-General. Sadly, the series of DGs is incomplete. Three director generals were overlooked amid the preoccupations of World War 2 and its aftermath. They are Frederick Ogilvie, Cecil Graves and Robert Foot. Post the departure of former Director -General Mark Thompson, various options have been considered as to how best portray this important figure in the digital age. </p><p class="tags"></p></div></li></ul></div> </div> <div class="widget-container widget-container-right" data-widget-section-index="3"> <script>var search_parameter_1003="term";var search_num_results_1003=50;</script><div class="widget widget-search" role="search" data-widget-index="1003"><h3 id="heading-">Search the site</h3><p>Can't find what you need? Search here</p><form method="GET" action="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/search"><input type="hidden" name="lang" value="en"/><input type="text" name="term" placeholder="Enter a subject, topic or keyword" value=""/><input type="submit" name="search" value="Search"/></form></div><div class="widget widget-pagelink widget-pagelink-default" data-widget-index="5"><h2 id="heading-related-links">Related links</h2><ul><li class="item first"><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/resources/fact-sheets">Decade factsheets</a></h3><p class="text"></p><p class="tags"></p></div></li><li class="item"><div class="details"><h3><a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/buildings">BBC Buildings</a></h3><p class="text"></p><p class="tags"></p></div></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> <br style="clear: both;"/> <div id="corporate-nav-bottom-wrapper" class="en b-g-p" role="navigation"> <div id="corporate-heading-bottom"><span>About the BBC</span> <span class="icon"></span></div> <ul id="corporate-nav-bottom" role="menu"> <li class="home" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/">Home</a> </li> <li class="inside" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/">Inside the BBC</a> </li> <li class="mediacentre" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/">Media Centre</a> </li> <li class="partners" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/partnersandsuppliers/">Partners &amp; Suppliers</a> </li> <li class="careers" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/careers/">Careers</a> </li> <li class="feedback" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/helpandfeedback/">Help &amp; Feedback</a> </li> <li class="a-z last" role="menuitem"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/atoz/">A–Z</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div id="footer-image"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var page_relative_path = "\/collections"; var site_stem = "\/historyofthebbc"; var site_name = "historyofthebbc"; var content_language = "en"; </script> </div> <div id="orb-footer" class="orb-footer orb-footer-opaque b-footer--semitransparent--white"> <div id="navp-orb-footer-promo" class="orb-footer-opaque"></div> <aside role="complementary"> <div id="orb-aside" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner" role="navigation"> <h2 class="orb-footer-lead">Explore the BBC</h2> <div class="orb-footer-primary-links"> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-home orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-homedotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/">Sport</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/">Weather</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Future</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/tv/">TV</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/">Radio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbbc">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/">Food</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/iwonder">iWonder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/education">Bitesize</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/">Arts</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-makeitdigital"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/taster">Taster</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/local/">Local</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <footer role="contentinfo"> <div id="orb-contentinfo" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/terms/">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/">About the BBC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/cookies/about">Cookies</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/guidance/">Parental Guidance</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/contact/">Contact the BBC</a> </li> <li class=" orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://advertising.bbcworldwide.com/">Advertise with us</a> </li> <li class=" orb-w"> <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/privacy/cookies/international/">Ad choices</a> </li> </ul> <small> <span class="orb-hilight">Copyright &copy; 2017 BBC.</span> The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. <a href="/web/20170803120901/http://www.bbc.co.uk/help/web/links/" class="orb-hilight">Read about our approach to external linking.</a> </small> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <!-- BBCDOTCOM bodyLast --><div class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && window.bbcdotcom.analytics && bbcdotcom.config && !bbcdotcom.config.isSportApp()) { bbcdotcom.analytics.page(); } /*]]>*/ </script><noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901im_/http://ssc.api.bbc.com/?c1=2&amp;c2=19293874&amp;ns_site=bbc&amp;name=" height="1" width="1" alt=""></noscript><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.write(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.postWrite(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats === 1 && bbcdotcom.utils && window.location.pathname === '/' && window.bbccookies && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance') ) { var wwhpEdition = bbcdotcom.utils.getMetaPropertyContent('wwhp-edition'); var _sf_async_config={}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 50924; _sf_async_config.domain = "bbc.co.uk"; _sf_async_config.title = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ' - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.sections = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ', Homepage - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.region = wwhpEdition; _sf_async_config.path = "/"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? '?'+wwhpEdition : ''); /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyLast = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><!-- BBCDOTCOM all code in page --> <script type="text/javascript" id="orb-js-script" data-assetpath="http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.23/orb/4/script/orb.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { 'use strict'; var promoManager = { url: '', promoLoaded: false, makeUrl: function (theme, site, win) { var loc = win? win.location : window.location, proto = loc.protocol, host = loc.host, url = proto + '//' + ((proto.match(/s:/i) && !host.match(/^www\.(int|test)\./i))? 'ssl.' : 'www.'), themes = ['light', 'dark']; if ( host.match(/^(?:www|ssl|m)\.(int|test|stage|live)\.bbc\./i) ) { url += RegExp.$1 + '.'; } else if ( host.match(/^pal\.sandbox\./i) ) { url += 'test.'; } theme = themes[ +(theme === themes[0]) ]; return url + 'bbc.co.uk/navpromo/card/' + site + '/' + theme; }, init: function(node) { var disabledByCookie = (document.cookie.indexOf('ckns_orb_nopromo=1') > -1), that = this; if (window.promomanagerOverride) { for (var p in promomanagerOverride) { that[p] = promomanagerOverride[p]; } } if ( window.orb.fig('uk') && !disabledByCookie ) { require(['orb/async/_footerpromo', 'istats-1'], function(promo, istats) { var virtualSite = istats.getSite() || 'default'; that.url = (window.promomanagerOverride || that).makeUrl('light', virtualSite); if (that.url) { promo.load(that.url, node, { onSuccess: function(e) { if(e.status === 'success') { node.parentNode.className = node.parentNode.className + ' orb-footer-promo-loaded'; promoManager.promoLoaded = true; promoManager.event('promo-loaded').fire(e); } }, onError: function() { istats.log('error', 'orb-footer-promo-failed'); bbccookies.set('ckns_orb_nopromo=1; expires=' + new Date(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * 60 * 10).toGMTString() + ';path=/;'); } }); } }); } } }; define('orb/promomanager', ['orb/lib/_event'], function (event) { event.mixin(promoManager); return promoManager; }); require(['orb/promomanager'], function (promoManager) { promoManager.init(document.getElementById('navp-orb-footer-promo')); }) })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2/1.05.0/script/cf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/modules/sharetools/v1/script/sharetools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803120901js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/corporate2widgets/1.05.0/script/historyofthebbc.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> require.config({ paths: { "mybbc/templates": '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.1/templates', "mybbc/notifications": '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.1/js' } }); require(['mybbc/notifications/NotificationsMain', 'idcta/idcta-1'], function (NotificationsMain, idcta) { var loadNotifications = function (fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { NotificationsMain.run(idcta, '//web.archive.org/web/20170803120901/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.1/'); } }; var orbFig = window.orb.fig; if (typeof orbFig.load === 'function') { // Use new async API from Orbit orbFig.load(loadNotifications, loadNotifications); } else { // Use old sync-only API from PAL orbfig project loadNotifications(orbFig); } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof require !== 'undefined') { require(['istats-1'], function(istats){ istats.track('external', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); istats.track('download', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if( window.SEARCHBOX.suppress === false && window.SEARCHBOX.locale && /^en-?.*?/.test(window.SEARCHBOX.locale) ){ require.config({ paths: { "search/searchbox": window.SEARCHBOX.searchboxAppStaticPrefix } }); require(['search/searchbox/searchboxDrawer'], function(SearchboxDrawer) { SearchboxDrawer.run(window.SEARCHBOX); }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript">require(["megavolt-client","istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(t,e,i){function o(){return"true"===l&&s&&t&&"function"==typeof t.addMVTIStatsLabels}function n(){!c&&o()?setTimeout(function(){e.invoke()},"1000"):e.invoke()}var a=navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),s=!(a.indexOf("msie")>-1)||parseInt(a.split("msie")[1],10)>10,c=!1,l="false";if(i.isAllowed("s1"))try{if(o()&&t.addMVTIStatsLabels(function(t){e.addLabels(t),c=!0}),!require.s.contexts._.config.paths.idcta)return void n();require(["idcta/idcta-1"],function(t){t&&"function"==typeof t.getIStatsLabels&&e.addLabels(t.getIStatsLabels()),n()},function(t){throw t})}catch(t){console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&console.log("an exception occurred while adding idcta labels to istats, invoking istats without them",t),n()}});</script> </body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 12:09:01 Aug 03, 2017 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 16:11:58 Dec 12, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 1.138 exclusion.robots: 0.068 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.049 esindex: 0.02 cdx.remote: 24.942 LoadShardBlock: 141.184 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 106.986 (4) load_resource: 120.749 PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 30.115 -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10