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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Government and politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government and politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_and_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lusophonia_membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lusophonia_membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Lusophonia membership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lusophonia_membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Healthcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_and_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Twin towns and sister cities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Twin towns and sister cities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Union_of_Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic_Capital_Cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Union_of_Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic_Capital_Cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Union of Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic Capital Cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Union_of_Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic_Capital_Cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Government_reports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_reports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2.1</span> <span>Government reports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_reports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2.2</span> <span>Academic publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2.3</span> <span>Legislation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Print" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Print"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2.4</span> <span>Print</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Print-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-News_articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News_articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2.5</span> <span>News articles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News_articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Macau</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 192 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-192" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">192 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mak%C3%A8%C3%AB" title="Makèë – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Makèë" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%AB%E1%8B%8D" title="ማካው – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማካው" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="मकाउ – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मकाउ" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ماكاو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماكاو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93" title="মাকাও – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মাকাও" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac%C3%A1u" title="Macáu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Macáu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="ماکائو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ماکائو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93" title="মাকাও – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাকাও" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92-mn%CC%82g" title="Ò-mn̂g – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ò-mn̂g" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0" title="Макаа – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Макаа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makawo" title="Makawo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Makawo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%A6%DE%86%DE%A7%DE%87%DE%AB" title="މަކާއޫ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މަކާއޫ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="मकाउ – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="मकाउ" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC" title="མ་ཀའོ – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="མ་ཀའོ" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Μακάου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μακάου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="ماکائو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماکائو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="澳門" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%89" title="મકાઉ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મકાઉ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Au-m%C3%B9n" title="Au-mùn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Au-mùn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%B9%B4%EC%98%A4" title="마카오 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마카오" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B8" title="Մակաո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մակաո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="मकाउ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मकाउ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89" title="মাকাউ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মাকাউ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maka%C3%B3" title="Makaó – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Makaó" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%95" title="מקאו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקאו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maka%CA%8A" title="Makaʊ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Makaʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%81" title="ಮಕಾವು – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಕಾವು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9D" title="მაკაო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაკაო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makawo" title="Makawo – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Makawo" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makawo" title="Makawo – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Makawo" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%B2" title="ມາເກົາ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ມາເກົາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaum" title="Macaum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Macaum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maka%C3%B3" title="Makaó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Makaó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="मकाउ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="मकाउ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%97" title="മകൗ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മകൗ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93" title="मकाओ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मकाओ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9D" title="მაკაო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მაკაო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ماكاو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماكاو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="ماکائو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ماکائو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8E" title="ꯃꯀꯥꯎ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯃꯀꯥꯎ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93%CC%A4-mu%C3%B2ng" title="Ó̤-muòng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ó̤-muòng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF" title="မကာအို – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မကာအို" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="मकाउ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मकाउ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AB%E3%82%AA" title="マカオ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マカオ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%93" title="ମାକାଓ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମାକାଓ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%89" title="ਮਕਾਉ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਕਾਉ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A4" title="مکاؤ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مکاؤ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88" title="مکاو – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مکاو" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makow" title="Makow – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Makow" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9C" title="ម៉ាកាវ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ម៉ាកាវ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makaw" title="Makaw – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Makaw" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A3" title="ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱣ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱠᱟᱣ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9D" title="මකාවෝ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මකාවෝ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%DA%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="ميڪائو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ميڪائو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makav" title="Makav – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Makav" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makaw" title="Makaw – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Makaw" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88" title="ماکاو – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ماکاو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macao" title="Macao – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Macao" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="மக்காவு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மக்காவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%81%B5%E1%81%A2%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88" title="မႃႇၵၢဝ်ႈ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မႃႇၵၢဝ်ႈ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81" title="మకావు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మకావు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%B2" title="มาเก๊า – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มาเก๊า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%AB%E1%8B%8D" title="ማካው – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ማካው" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%B9%E1%8E%A7%E1%8E%A3" title="ᎹᎧᎣ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎹᎧᎣ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%CC%B1ka%CC%B1u" title="Ma̱ka̱u – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ma̱ka̱u" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%86%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%98" title="ᨆᨀᨕᨘ – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨆᨀᨕᨘ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BE" title="Макао – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Макао" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A4" title="مکاؤ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مکاؤ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8B%D9%85%DB%90%D9%86" title="ئاۋمېن – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاۋمېن" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aumwnz" title="Aumwnz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Aumwnz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma_Cao" title="Ma Cao – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ma Cao" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makaov%C3%A4n" title="Makaovän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Makaovän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="澳門" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macau" title="Macau – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Macau" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makaaw" title="Makaaw – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Makaaw" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%97%A8" title="澳门 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="澳门" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%90" title="מאקאא – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאקאא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0k%C3%A1%C3%B9" title="Màkáù – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Màkáù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="澳門" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" title="澳門 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="澳門" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makao" title="Makao – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Makao" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makau" title="Makau – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Makau" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14773#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Macau&params=22.19_N_113.54_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">22°11′N</span> <span class="longitude">113°32′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">22.19°N 113.54°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">22.19; 113.54</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Special administrative region of China</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Macao" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Macau_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Macau (disambiguation)">Macau (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Special administrative region in China</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192207">.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;width:23em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div td,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-official-below{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-other{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-caption{padding-top:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-motto{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-elevation{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}</style><table class="infobox ib-pol-div vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Macau</div><div class="ib-pol-div-native nickname" lang="zh-Hant-MO">澳門</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-pol-div-official-below"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span style="position:relative; bottom:0.2em;">Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China</span><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent; text-align:center; line-height:normal; font-size:90%;"><div style="margin: 0 4em"><span style="font-size:1.0 em;">Other official names</span></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox" style="font-size:90%;font-weight:normal;"><tbody><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanisation_of_Cantonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Yale romanisation of Cantonese">Cantonese Yale romanisation</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Jūng'wàh Yàhnmàhn Guhng'wòhgwok Oumún Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkēui</i></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Macau.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Macau"><img alt="Flag of Macau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/125px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/188px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Flag_of_Macau.svg/250px-Flag_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Macau" title="Flag of Macau">Flag</a></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Regional_Emblem_of_Macau.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official seal of Macau"><img alt="Official seal of Macau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Regional_Emblem_of_Macau.svg/85px-Regional_Emblem_of_Macau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Regional_Emblem_of_Macau.svg/128px-Regional_Emblem_of_Macau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Regional_Emblem_of_Macau.svg/170px-Regional_Emblem_of_Macau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Macau" title="Emblem of Macau">Emblem</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_locator_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Macau within China"><img alt="Location of Macau within China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Macau_locator_map.svg/250px-Macau_locator_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Macau_locator_map.svg/375px-Macau_locator_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Macau_locator_map.svg/500px-Macau_locator_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="907" /></a></span><div class="ib-pol-div-caption">Location of Macau within China</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">China</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Portuguese lease</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1557</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sino-Portuguese_Treaty_of_Peking" title="Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking">Treaty of Peking</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 December 1887</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sino-Portuguese_Joint_Declaration" title="Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration">Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">26 March 1987</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Macau" title="Handover of Macau">Handover of Macau</a></th><td class="infobox-data">20 December 1999</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest <a href="/wiki/Parishes_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Parishes of Macau">parish</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">by population</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nossa_Senhora_de_F%C3%A1tima,_Macau" title="Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Macau">Nossa Senhora de Fátima</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Chinese<sup id="cite_ref-wfb_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wfb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-official-lang_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-official-lang-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chinese-varieties_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chinese-varieties-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a><sup id="cite_ref-wfb_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wfb-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-official-lang_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-official-lang-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-language-status_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-status-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-lang"><a href="/wiki/Regional_language" title="Regional language">Regional languages</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a><sup id="cite_ref-chinese-varieties_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chinese-varieties-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_Portuguese" title="Macanese Portuguese">Macanese Portuguese</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-lang"><a href="/wiki/Official_script" title="Official script">Official scripts</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a><sup id="cite_ref-language-status_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language-status-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_orthography" title="Portuguese orthography">Portuguese orthography</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">Ethnic groups</a> <div class="ib-pol-div-ethnic"> (2016)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">88.4% <a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han Chinese</a><br />4.6% <a href="/wiki/Filipinos" title="Filipinos">Filipino</a><br />2.4% <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people" title="Vietnamese people">Vietnamese</a><br />1.7% <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a><br />2.8% other<sup id="cite_ref-ethnicity2016_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnicity2016-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Macau_people" title="Macau people">Macau</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Macau" title="Politics of Macau">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Devolution" title="Devolution">Devolved</a> <a href="/wiki/Executive_(government)" title="Executive (government)">executive-led</a> government within a <a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party state</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Macau" title="Chief Executive of Macau">Chief Executive</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ho_Iat_Seng" title="Ho Iat Seng">Ho Iat Seng</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Administration_and_Justice_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Administration and Justice (Macau)">Administration and Justice Secretary</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cheong_Weng_Chon" title="Cheong Weng Chon">André Cheong Weng Chon</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_of_Macau" title="President of the Legislative Assembly of Macau">Assembly President</a></span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kou_Hoi_In" title="Kou Hoi In">Kou Hoi In</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Final_Appeal_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Final Appeal (Macau)">Court President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Hou_Fai" title="Sam Hou Fai">Sam Hou Fai</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Macau" title="Legislative Assembly of Macau">Legislative Assembly</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">National representation</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">12 deputies</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Chinese People's<br /><span class="nowrap">Political Consultative</span><br />Conference</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">29 delegates<sup id="cite_ref-nationalReps_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalReps-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Macau" title="Geography of Macau">Area</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">115.3 km<sup>2</sup> (44.5 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">73.7</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-pol-div-elevation"> (<a href="/wiki/Alto_de_Coloane" title="Alto de Coloane">Alto de Coloane</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">172.4 m (565.6 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Macau" title="Demographics of Macau">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• 2024 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">712,651</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">20,300/km<sup>2</sup> (52,576.8/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">1st</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2024 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $92.885 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.MO-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">101st</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $125,510<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.MO-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">4th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2024 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $54.677 billion<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.MO-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">90th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $78,962<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.MO-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">9th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2018)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">36.0<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:orange">medium</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.925<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">very high</span></span> · <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">24th</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Macanese_pataca" title="Macanese pataca">Macanese pataca</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">MOP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B08:00" title="UTC+08:00">UTC+08:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Macau_Standard_Time" title="Macau Standard Time">Macau Standard Time</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date format</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">dd/mm/yyyy</span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">yyyy年mm月dd日</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mains_electricity" title="Mains electricity">Mains electricity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">220 V–50 Hz</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Driving side</a></th><td class="infobox-data">left</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Macau" title="Telephone numbers in Macau">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Macau" title="Telephone numbers in Macau">+853</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:MO" title="ISO 3166-2:MO">MO</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:CN" title="ISO 3166-2:CN">CN-MO</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/.mo" title=".mo">.mo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/.%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title=".澳門">.澳門</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/.%E6%BE%B3%E9%97%A8" class="mw-redirect" title=".澳门">.澳门</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_China#Cross-border_with_Hong_Kong_and_Macau" title="Vehicle registration plates of China">Licence plate prefixes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">None for local vehicles, 粤Z for cross-boundary vehicles</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Macau</b><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>Macao</b><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">special administrative region</a> of the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>. With a population of about 710,000 people<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a land area of 32.9 km<sup>2</sup> (12.7 sq mi), it is the most <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">densely populated region</a> in the world. </p><p>Formerly a <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese</a> colony, the territory of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Portuguese Macau</a> was first leased to <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Trading_post" title="Trading post">trading post</a> in 1557. Portugal paid an annual rent and administered the territory under Chinese <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> until 1887. Portugal later gained perpetual colonial rights in the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Portuguese_Treaty_of_Peking" title="Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking">Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking</a>. The colony remained under Portuguese rule until the <a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Macau" title="Handover of Macau">1999 handover</a> to China. Macau is a <a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">special administrative region</a> of China, which maintains separate governing and economic systems from those of mainland China under the principle of "<a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">one country, two systems</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-NYTHandover_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTHandover-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unique blend of Portuguese and Chinese architecture in the city's <a href="/wiki/Historic_Centre_of_Macau" title="Historic Centre of Macau">historic centre</a> has resulted in its inscription on the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_List" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage List">World Heritage List</a> in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Originally a sparsely populated collection of coastal islands,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau, often referred to as the "Las Vegas of the East", since the late 20th century has become a major resort city and a top destination for gambling tourism. Its gambling industry is seven times larger than that of <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has one of the highest GDPs per capita and <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">GDPs per capita by purchasing power parity</a> in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP7778_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP7778-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has a very high <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> of 0.925, as calculated by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Macau" title="Government of Macau">Government of Macau</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_life_expectancy" title="List of countries by life expectancy">fourth-highest life expectancy</a> in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-CIALifeExpectancy_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIALifeExpectancy-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory is highly urbanised, holding the status of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">most densely populated territory</a> on Earth; two-thirds of the total land area is built on <a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation" title="Land reclamation">land reclaimed from the sea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LandReclamation_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LandReclamation-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Names_of_Macau" title="Names of Macau">Names of Macau</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Macau</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_(Chinese_characters).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Macau_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/120px-Macau_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Macau_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/180px-Macau_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Macau_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/240px-Macau_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="614" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">"Macau" in <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional</a> (top) and <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified</a> (bottom) Chinese characters</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" class="extiw" title="wikt:澳門">澳門</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%97%A8" class="extiw" title="wikt:澳门">澳门</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">Bay Gate</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Àomén</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;">ㄠˋ ㄇㄣˊ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span>Ao<sup>4</sup>-men<sup>2</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" title="Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Ào-mén</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[âʊ.mə̌n]</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">other Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></th><td class="infobox-data">[<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">اَوْمٍ</span></span>] <span style="color:#d33">Error: {{Transliteration}}: transliteration text not Latin script (pos 68) (<a href="/wiki/Category:Transliteration_template_errors" title="Category:Transliteration template errors">help</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese" title="Romanization of Wu Chinese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data">[au<sup>去</sup>men<sup>平</sup>] <span style="color:#d33">Error: {{Transliteration}}: transliteration text not Latin script (pos 8) (<a href="/wiki/Category:Transliteration_template_errors" title="Category:Transliteration template errors">help</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">Au<sup>4</sup> mun<sup>2</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Oumún</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">ou3 mun2</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization" title="Guangdong Romanization">Canton Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn"><span>Ou<sup>3</sup>mun<sup>4*2</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[ɔw˧.mun˧˥]</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Ò-mn̂g</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Min" title="Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" title="Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> <a href="/wiki/Foochow_Romanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Foochow Romanized">BUC</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Dong Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="cdo-Latn">Ó̤-muòng</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Macau Special Administrative Region</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">澳門特別行政區 (or 澳門特區)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">澳门特别行政区 (or 澳门特区)</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Àomén Tèbié Xíngzhèngqū (Àomén Tèqū)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;">ㄠˋ ㄇㄣˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄑㄩ (ㄠˋ ㄇㄣˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄑㄩ)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span>Ao<sup>4</sup>-men<sup>2</sup> T</span>ʻ<span>e<sup>4</sup>-pieh<sup>2</sup> Hsing<sup>2</sup>-cheng<sup>4</sup>-ch</span>ʻ<span>ü<sup>1</sup> (Ao<sup>4</sup>-men<sup>2</sup> T</span>ʻ<span>e<sup>4</sup> Ch</span>ʻ<span>ü<sup>1</sup>)</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" title="Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Ào-mén Tè-bié Síng-jhèng-cyu (Ào-mén Tè-cyu)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[âʊ.mə̌n tʰɤ̂.pjě ɕǐŋ.ʈʂə̂ŋ.tɕʰý]</a></span> (<span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[âʊ.mə̌n tʰɤ̂.tɕʰý]</a></span>)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese" title="Romanization of Wu Chinese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data">[au<sup>去</sup>men<sup>平</sup> deh<sup>入</sup>bih<sup>入</sup> ghan<sup>平</sup>tsen<sup>去</sup>chiu<sup>平</sup>] <span style="color:#d33">Error: {{Transliteration}}: transliteration text not Latin script (pos 8) (<a href="/wiki/Category:Transliteration_template_errors" title="Category:Transliteration template errors">help</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">Au<sup>4</sup>mun<sup>2</sup> Tet<sup>6</sup>piet<sup>6</sup> hang<sup>2</sup>zin<sup>4</sup>ki<sup>1</sup><br /> (Au<sup>4</sup>mun<sup>2</sup> Tet<sup>6</sup>ki<sup>1</sup>)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Oumún Dahkbiht Hàhngjing Keūi</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">ou3 mun2 dak6 bit6 hang4 zing3 keoi1</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization" title="Guangdong Romanization">Canton Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn"><span>Ou<sup>3</sup>mun><sup>4*2</sup> Deg<sup>6</sup>bid<sup>6</sup> Heng<sup>4</sup>jing<sup>3</sup> Kêu<sup>1</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn"><span class="IPA" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[ɔw˧.mun˧˥ tɐk̚˨.pit̚ hɐŋ˩.tsɪŋ˧ kʰɵɥ˥]</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Ò-mn̂g Te̍k-pia̍t Hêng-chèng-khu</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Portuguese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Região Administrativa Especial de Macau<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049405">.mw-parser-output .noitalic{font-style:normal}</style><span class="noitalic"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ʁɨʒiˈɐ̃w<span class="wrap"> </span>ɐðminiʃtɾɐˈtivɐ<span class="wrap"> </span>ɨʃpɨsiˈal<span class="wrap"> </span>dɨ<span class="wrap"> </span>mɐˈkaw]</a></span></span></i></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The first known written record of the name "Macau", rendered as "A Ma Gang" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">亞/阿-媽/馬-港</span></span>), is found in a letter dated 20 November 1555. The local inhabitants believed that the sea goddess <a href="/wiki/Mazu_(goddess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazu (goddess)">Matsu</a> (alternatively called A-Ma) had blessed and protected the harbour and referred to the waters around <a href="/wiki/A-Ma_Temple" title="A-Ma Temple">A-Ma Temple</a> by her name.<sup id="cite_ref-WuJinEtymology_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WuJinEtymology-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Portuguese explorers first arrived in the area and asked for the place name, the locals thought they were asking about the temple and told them it was "Ma Kok" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">媽閣</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest Portuguese spelling for this was <i>Amaquão</i>. Multiple variations were used until <i>Amacão / Amacao</i> and <i>Macão / Macao</i> became common during the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-WuJinEtymology_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WuJinEtymology-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1911 <a href="/wiki/Reforms_of_Portuguese_orthography" title="Reforms of Portuguese orthography">reform of Portuguese orthography</a> standardised the spelling as <i>Macau</i>; however, the use of <i>Macao</i> persisted in English and other European languages.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Macau_Peninsula" title="Macau Peninsula">Macau Peninsula</a> had many names in Chinese, including <i>Jing'ao</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">井澳/鏡澳</span></span>), <i>Haojing</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">濠鏡</span></span>), and <i>Haojing'ao</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">濠鏡澳</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-WuJinEtymology_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WuJinEtymology-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ChineseEtymology_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChineseEtymology-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The islands <a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Taipa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">Coloane</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Hengqin</a> were collectively called <i>Shizimen</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">十字門</span></span>). These names would later become <i>Ou mún</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">澳門</span></span>), <i>Aomen</i> in Mandarin and translating as "bay gate" or "port gate", to refer to the whole territory.<sup id="cite_ref-ChineseEtymology_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChineseEtymology-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Macau" title="History of Macau">History of Macau</a></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin dynasty</a> (221–206 BC), the region was under the jurisdiction of <a href="/wiki/Panyu_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Panyu County">Panyu County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanhai_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanhai District">Nanhai Prefecture</a> of the province of <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2018YearbookP483_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2018YearbookP483-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MinahanP169_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MinahanP169-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The region is first known to have been settled during the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was administratively part of <a href="/wiki/Dongguan_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongguan Prefecture">Dongguan Prefecture</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Jin dynasty</a> (266–420 AD), and alternated under the control of Nanhai and Dongguan in later dynasties. In 1152, during the <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> (960–1279 AD), it was under the jurisdiction of the new <a href="/wiki/Zhongshan" title="Zhongshan">Xiangshan County</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2018YearbookP483_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2018YearbookP483-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1277, approximately 50,000 refugees fleeing the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_China" title="Mongol conquest of China">Mongol conquest of China</a> settled in the coastal area.<sup id="cite_ref-MinahanP169_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MinahanP169-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first European visitor to reach China by sea was the explorer <a href="/wiki/Jorge_%C3%81lvares" title="Jorge Álvares">Jorge Álvares</a>, who arrived in 1513.<sup id="cite_ref-Hao10_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hao10-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Merchants first established a trading post in <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> waters at <a href="/wiki/Tam%C3%A3o" title="Tamão">Tamão</a>, present-day <a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" title="Tuen Mun">Tuen Mun</a>, beginning regular trade with nearby settlements in southern China.<sup id="cite_ref-Hao10_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hao10-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Military clashes between the Ming and Portuguese navies followed the expulsion of the Tamão traders in 1521.<sup id="cite_ref-HaoTamao_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HaoTamao-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the trade ban, Portuguese merchants continued to attempt to settle on other parts of the Pearl River estuary, finally settling on Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-HaoTamao_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HaoTamao-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In their first attempts at obtaining trading posts by force, the Portuguese were defeated by the Ming Chinese at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tunmen" title="Battle of Tunmen">Battle of Tunmen</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tam%C3%A3o" title="Tamão">Tamão</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Tuen_Mun" title="Tuen Mun">Tuen Mun</a>) in 1521, where the Portuguese lost two ships. They were also defeated at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sincouwaan" title="Battle of Sincouwaan">Battle of Sincouwaan</a> around <a href="/wiki/Lantau_Island" title="Lantau Island">Lantau Island</a>, where the Portuguese lost two more ships. Other defeats include <a href="/wiki/Shuangyu" title="Shuangyu">Shuangyu</a> in 1548, where several Portuguese were captured, and near <a href="/wiki/Dongshan_County" title="Dongshan County">Dongshan County</a> in 1549, where two Portuguese junks and <a href="/wiki/Galeote_Pereira" title="Galeote Pereira">Galeote Pereira</a> were captured. During these battles the Ming Chinese captured weapons from the defeated Portuguese which they reverse engineered and mass-produced in China. These included the <a href="/wiki/Matchlock" title="Matchlock">matchlock</a> <a href="/wiki/Musket" title="Musket">musket</a> <a href="/wiki/Arquebus" title="Arquebus">arquebuses</a>, which they named <a href="/wiki/Gun_control_in_China#History" title="Gun control in China">bird guns</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Breech-loading_swivel_guns" class="mw-redirect" title="Breech-loading swivel guns">breech-loading swivel guns</a>, which they named as Folangji (<a href="/wiki/Franks#Crusaders_and_other_Western_Europeans_as_"Franks"" title="Franks">Frankish</a>) cannon because the Portuguese were known to the Chinese under the name of Franks at this time. </p><p>The Portuguese later returned to China peacefully and presented themselves under the name Portuguese instead of Franks in the <a href="/wiki/Luso-Chinese_agreement_(1554)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luso-Chinese agreement (1554)">Luso-Chinese agreement (1554)</a>. They rented Macau as a trading post from China by paying annual lease of hundreds of silver <a href="/wiki/Taels" class="mw-redirect" title="Taels">taels</a> to Ming China.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Luso-Canton trade relations were formally <a href="/wiki/Luso-Chinese_agreement_(1554)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luso-Chinese agreement (1554)">reestablished</a> in 1554, and Portugal soon after acquired a permanent lease for Macau in 1557,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> agreeing to pay 500 taels of silver as annual land rent.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Macau became a stopover on the <a href="/wiki/Sea_lane" title="Sea lane">sea lane</a> that connected <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> with the wider world. The Portuguese could avoid the Pearl River and inched towards <a href="/wiki/Quanzhou" title="Quanzhou">Quanzhou</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a>. But as they failed to establish trading relationships with the Chinese, the Portuguese focused on trade with Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Macau" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Macau">Roman Catholic Diocese of Macau</a> was created in 1576, and by 1583 the <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Council_of_Macau" title="Municipal Council of Macau">Municipal Council of Macau</a> had been established to handle municipal affairs for the growing settlement.<sup id="cite_ref-Mendes10_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mendes10-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau was at the peak of its prosperity as a major <a href="/wiki/Warehouse" title="Warehouse">warehouse</a> during the late 16th century, providing a crucial connection in exporting Chinese silk to Japan during the <a href="/wiki/Nanban_trade" title="Nanban trade">Nanban trade</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665_0739.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665_0739.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Nieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665_0739.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665_0739.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Nieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665_0739.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665_0739.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Nieuhof-Ambassade-vers-la-Chine-1665_0739.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4907" data-file-height="3328" /></a><figcaption>Dutch ships firing their cannons in the waters of Macau, drawn in 1665</figcaption></figure> <p>Although the Portuguese were initially prohibited from fortifying Macau or stockpiling weapons, the <a href="/wiki/Fortaleza_do_Monte" title="Fortaleza do Monte">Fortaleza do Monte</a> was constructed in response to <a href="/wiki/Dutch%E2%80%93Portuguese_War" title="Dutch–Portuguese War">frequent Dutch naval incursions</a>. The Dutch attempted to take the city in the 1622 <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Macau" title="Battle of Macau">Battle of Macau</a>, but were repelled successfully by the Portuguese.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau entered a period of decline in the 1640s following a series of catastrophic events for the burgeoning colony: Portuguese access to trade routes was irreparably severed when <a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Japan halted trade</a> in 1639,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and after the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Restoration_War" title="Portuguese Restoration War">Portuguese Restoration War</a> of 1640,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Malacca" title="Portuguese Malacca">Portuguese Malacca</a> fell to the Dutch in 1641.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maritime trade with China was banned in 1644 following the <a href="/wiki/Transition_from_Ming_to_Qing" title="Transition from Ming to Qing">Qing conquest</a> under the <i><a href="/wiki/Haijin" title="Haijin">Haijin</a></i> policies. It was limited only to Macau on a lesser scale while the new dynasty focused on eliminating surviving <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tungning" title="Kingdom of Tungning">Ming loyalists</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the <a href="/wiki/Kangxi_Emperor" title="Kangxi Emperor">Kangxi Emperor</a> lifted the prohibition in 1684, China again restricted trade decades later under the <a href="/wiki/Canton_System" title="Canton System">Canton System</a> in 1757.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Foreign ships were required to stop first at Macau before further proceeding to <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Canton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Qing authorities exercised a much greater role in governing the territory during this period; Chinese residents were subject to Qing courts and new construction had to be approved by the resident <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_(bureaucrat)" title="Mandarin (bureaucrat)">mandarin</a> beginning in the 1740s.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the opium trade became more lucrative during the 18th century, Macau again became an important stopping point en route to China.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:China_unknown_artist_early_19th_C_-_Macao_oil_on_canvas_IMG_9411_Museum_of_Asian_Civilisation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/China_unknown_artist_early_19th_C_-_Macao_oil_on_canvas_IMG_9411_Museum_of_Asian_Civilisation.jpg/220px-China_unknown_artist_early_19th_C_-_Macao_oil_on_canvas_IMG_9411_Museum_of_Asian_Civilisation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/China_unknown_artist_early_19th_C_-_Macao_oil_on_canvas_IMG_9411_Museum_of_Asian_Civilisation.jpg/330px-China_unknown_artist_early_19th_C_-_Macao_oil_on_canvas_IMG_9411_Museum_of_Asian_Civilisation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/China_unknown_artist_early_19th_C_-_Macao_oil_on_canvas_IMG_9411_Museum_of_Asian_Civilisation.jpg/440px-China_unknown_artist_early_19th_C_-_Macao_oil_on_canvas_IMG_9411_Museum_of_Asian_Civilisation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2889" data-file-height="2159" /></a><figcaption>Macau in the early 19th century</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/First_Opium_War" title="First Opium War">First Opium War</a> and the establishment of <a href="/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> by the British, Macau lost its role as a major port.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Firecracker and incense production, as well as tea and tobacco processing, were vital industries in the colony during this time.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portugal was able to capitalise on China's postwar weakness and assert its sovereignty; the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Macau" title="Governor of Macau">Governor of Macau</a> began refusing to pay China annual land rent for the colony in the 1840s,<sup id="cite_ref-deSousa79_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deSousa79-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and annexed <a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Taipa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">Coloane</a>, in 1851 and 1864, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portugal also occupied nearby <a href="/wiki/Wanzai,_Small_Hengqin_and_Great_Hengqin_islands" title="Wanzai, Small Hengqin and Great Hengqin islands">Lapa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Montanha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-deSousa79_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deSousa79-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But these were returned to China by 1887, when perpetual occupation rights over Macau were formalised in the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Portuguese_Treaty_of_Peking" title="Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking">Sino-Portuguese Treaty of Peking</a>. This agreement also prohibited Portugal from ceding Macau without Chinese approval.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite occasional conflict between Cantonese authorities and the colonial government, Macau's status remained unchanged through the republican revolutions of both <a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">Portugal in 1910</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xinhai_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinhai Revolution">China in 1911</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan2003Republic_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan2003Republic-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> further affirmed Portuguese jurisdiction in Macau when the Treaty of Peking was renegotiated in 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-Chan2003Republic_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chan2003Republic-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> did not occupy the colony and generally respected <a href="/wiki/Portugal_during_World_War_II" title="Portugal during World War II">Portuguese neutrality</a> in Macau. However, after Japanese troops captured a British cargo ship in Macau waters in 1943, Japan installed a group of government "advisors" as an alternative to military occupation. The territory largely avoided military action during the war except in 1945, when the United States ordered air raids on Macau after learning that the colonial government was preparing to sell aviation fuel to Japan. In 1950 the US paid Portugal more than US$20 million in compensation for the damage during the war. <sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Refugees from mainland China swelled the population as they fled from the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a>. Access to a large workforce enabled Macau's economy to grow as the colony expanded its clothing and textiles manufacturing industry, developed its tourism industry, and legalised casino gaming.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, at the height of the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a>, residents dissatisfied with the colonial administration rioted in the 1966 <a href="/wiki/12-3_incident" title="12-3 incident">12-3 incident</a>, in which 8 people were killed and more than 200 were injured. Portugal lost full control over the colony afterwards, and agreed to cooperate with the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> in exchange for continued administration of Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the 1974 <a href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">Carnation Revolution</a>, Portugal formally relinquished Macau as an overseas province and acknowledged it as a "Chinese territory under Portuguese administration".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After China first concluded <a href="/wiki/Sino-British_Joint_Declaration" title="Sino-British Joint Declaration">arrangements on Hong Kong's future</a> with the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, it entered negotiations with Portugal over Macau in 1986. </p><p>These concluded with the signing of the 1987 <a href="/wiki/Joint_Declaration_on_the_Question_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau">Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau</a>, in which Portugal agreed the handover of the colony in 1999 and China guaranteed Macau's political and economic systems for 50 years after the handover.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the waning years of colonial rule, Macau rapidly urbanised and constructed large-scale infrastructure projects, including the <a href="/wiki/Macau_International_Airport" title="Macau International Airport">Macau International Airport</a> and a new <a href="/wiki/Macau_Container_Port" title="Macau Container Port">container port</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Macau" title="Handover of Macau">handover of Macau</a> was at midnight on 20 December 1999, after 442 years of Portuguese rule.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTHandover_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTHandover-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the handover, Macau liberalised its casino industry (which previously operated under a government-licensed monopoly) to allow foreign investors, starting a new period of economic development. The regional economy grew by a double-digit annual growth rate from 2002 to 2014, making Macau one of the richest economies in the world on a per capita basis.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political debates have centred on the region's jurisdictional independence and the central government's adherence of "<a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">one country, two systems</a>". While issues such as <a href="/wiki/Macau_national_security_law" title="Macau national security law">national security legislation</a> have been controversial, Macanese residents generally have high levels of trust in the government.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kwong and Wong<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> explain this by comparing Macau to Hong Kong: "The case of Macau shows that the very small size of a 'microstate' helps central authorities to exercise political control, stifle political pluralism, and monopolize opinions, all of which strengthen regime persistence." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Macau" title="Government of Macau">Government of Macau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Macau" title="Politics of Macau">Politics of Macau</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Macau" title="Elections in Macau">Elections in Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Assembleia_Legislativa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Assembleia_Legislativa.jpg/220px-Assembleia_Legislativa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Assembleia_Legislativa.jpg/330px-Assembleia_Legislativa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Assembleia_Legislativa.jpg/440px-Assembleia_Legislativa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The legislature meets in the <a href="/wiki/Macau_Legislative_Assembly_Building" title="Macau Legislative Assembly Building">Legislative Assembly Building</a> in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9,_Macau" title="Sé, Macau">Sé</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Macau is a <a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">special administrative region of China</a>, with executive, legislative, and judicial powers devolved from the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_China" title="Government of China">national government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CastellucciBLFundamentals_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CastellucciBLFundamentals-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Joint_Declaration_on_the_Question_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau">Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration</a> provided for economic and administrative continuity through the <a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Macau" title="Handover of Macau">handover</a>, resulting in an executive-led governing system largely inherited from the territory's history as a Portuguese colony.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under these terms and the "<a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">one country, two systems</a>" principle, the <a href="/wiki/Macao_Basic_Law" title="Macao Basic Law">Basic Law of Macao</a> is the regional <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because negotiations for the Joint Declaration and Basic Law began after transitional arrangements for Hong Kong were made, Macau's structure of government is very similar to Hong Kong's.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The regional government is composed of three branches: </p> <ul><li><i>Executive:</i> The <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Macau" title="Chief Executive of Macau">Chief Executive</a> is responsible for enforcing regional law,<sup id="cite_ref-BLM50_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BLM50-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> can force reconsideration of legislation,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and appoints <a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_Macau" title="Executive Council of Macau">Executive Council</a> members, a portion of the legislature, and principal officials.<sup id="cite_ref-BLM50_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BLM50-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acting with the Executive Council, the Chief Executive can propose new bills, issue <a href="/wiki/Primary_and_secondary_legislation" title="Primary and secondary legislation">subordinate legislation</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has authority to dissolve the legislature.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Legislature:</i> The unicameral <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Macau" title="Legislative Assembly of Macau">Legislative Assembly</a> enacts regional law, approves budgets, and has the power to impeach a sitting Chief Executive.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Judiciary:</i> The <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Final_Appeal_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court of Final Appeal (Macau)">Court of Final Appeal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Macau" title="Judiciary of Macau">lower courts</a>, whose judges are appointed by the Chief Executive on the advice of a recommendation commission,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> interpret laws and overturn those inconsistent with the Basic Law.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The Chief Executive is the head of government, and serves for a maximum of two five-year terms.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> (led by the <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of the People's Republic of China">Premier of China</a>) appoints the Chief Executive after nomination by the Election Committee, which is composed of 400 business, community, and government leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Legislative Assembly has 33 members, each serving a four-year term: 14 are <a href="/wiki/Directly_elected_member_(Macau)" title="Directly elected member (Macau)">directly elected</a>, 12 <a href="/wiki/Indirectly_elected_member" title="Indirectly elected member">indirectly elected</a>, and 7 <a href="/wiki/Appointed_Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Appointed Member of the Legislative Assembly">appointed</a> by the Chief Executive.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indirectly elected assemblymen are selected from limited electorates representing sectors of the economy or special interest groups.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All directly elected members are chosen with <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Twelve political parties had representatives elected to the Legislative Assembly in the <a href="/wiki/2017_Macanese_legislative_election" title="2017 Macanese legislative election">2017 election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These parties have aligned themselves into two ideological groups: the <a href="/wiki/Pro-Beijing_camp_(Macau)" title="Pro-Beijing camp (Macau)">pro-establishment</a> (the current government) and <a href="/wiki/Pro-democracy_camp_(Macau)" title="Pro-democracy camp (Macau)">pro-democracy</a> camps.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau is represented in the <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> by 12 deputies chosen through an electoral college, and 29 delegates in the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference</a> appointed by the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">central government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nationalReps_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nationalReps-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Macau has generally congenial relations with China's central government.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 182">: 182 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_Government_Headquarters_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Macau_Government_Headquarters_01.JPG/220px-Macau_Government_Headquarters_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Macau_Government_Headquarters_01.JPG/330px-Macau_Government_Headquarters_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Macau_Government_Headquarters_01.JPG/440px-Macau_Government_Headquarters_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Macau_Government_Headquarters" title="Macau Government Headquarters">Macau Government Headquarters</a> is the official office of the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Macau" title="Chief Executive of Macau">Chief Executive</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Law of the People's Republic of China">Chinese national law</a> does not generally apply in the region, and Macau is treated as a separate jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-CastellucciBLFundamentals_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CastellucciBLFundamentals-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its judicial system is based on <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Portugal" title="Law of Portugal">Portuguese civil law</a>, continuing the legal tradition established during colonial rule. Interpretative and amending power over the Basic Law and jurisdiction over acts of state lie with the central authority, however, making regional courts ultimately subordinate to the mainland's <a href="/wiki/Socialist_law" title="Socialist law">socialist</a> <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" title="Civil law (legal system)">civil law</a> system. Decisions made by the <a href="/wiki/Standing_Committee_of_the_National_People%27s_Congress" title="Standing Committee of the National People's Congress">Standing Committee of the National People's Congress</a> can also override territorial judicial processes.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, after similar actions were taken in Hong Kong following the <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Hong_Kong_protests" title="2019–2020 Hong Kong protests">protests</a> associated with the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement, 21 candidates running for office in the territorial elections were disqualified as a result of allegedly failing to support the Basic Law, although no specific violations were noted by the territory's electoral commission.<sup id="cite_ref-davidson_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davidson-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The territory's jurisdictional independence is most apparent in its <a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Macau" title="Visa policy of Macau">immigration</a> and taxation policies. The Identification Department issues <a href="/wiki/Macao_Special_Administrative_Region_passport" title="Macao Special Administrative Region passport">passports</a> for permanent residents which differ from those issued by the mainland or Hong Kong, and the region maintains a regulated border with the rest of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All travellers between Macau and China and Hong Kong must pass border controls, regardless of nationality.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chinese citizens resident in mainland China do not have the <a href="/wiki/Right_of_abode_in_Macau" title="Right of abode in Macau">right of abode in Macau</a> and are subject to immigration controls.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Public finances are handled separately from the national government, and taxes levied in Macau do not fund the central authority.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Macao_Garrison" title="Macao Garrison">Macao Garrison</a> is responsible for the region's defence. Although the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman of the Central Military Commission</a> is <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Military_Command_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Military Command of the People's Republic of China">supreme commander</a> of the armed forces,<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the regional government may request assistance from the garrison.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau residents are not required to perform military service and the law also has no provision for local enlistment, so its defence force is composed entirely of nonresidents.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> handle diplomatic matters, but Macau retains the ability to maintain separate economic and cultural <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Macau" title="Foreign relations of Macau">relations with foreign nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory negotiates its own trade agreements and actively participates in supranational organisations, including agencies of the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The regional government maintains trade offices in Greater China and other nations.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Public political demonstrations in Macau are generally rare.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 182">: 182 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lusophonia_membership">Lusophonia membership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lusophonia membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Macau is not a member of the <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Community of Portuguese Language Countries</a>, despite Portuguese being one of its official languages. This is due to it not being a sovereign nation, but a subnational division of China. In 2006, during the II Ministerial meeting between China and Portuguese Speaking Countries, the CPLP Executive Secretary and Deputy ambassador Tadeu Soares invited the Chief Executive of the Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region, Edmund Ho, to request the Associate Observer status for Macau. The Government of Macau has yet to make this request. In 2016, Murade Murargy, then executive secretary of CPLP said in an interview that Macau's membership is a complicated question, since like the <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia region</a> in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, it is not an independent country, but only a part of China.<sup id="cite_ref-PontoFinal_2016-10-29_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PontoFinal_2016-10-29-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <i>Instituto Internacional de Macau</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant-MO">澳門國際研究所</span></span>) and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Saint_Joseph" title="University of Saint Joseph">University of São José</a> are Consultative Observers of the CPLP.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_and_parishes_of_Macau" title="Municipalities and parishes of Macau">Municipalities and parishes of Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Administrative_Division_of_Macau.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Administrative_Division_of_Macau.png/220px-Administrative_Division_of_Macau.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Administrative_Division_of_Macau.png/330px-Administrative_Division_of_Macau.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Administrative_Division_of_Macau.png/440px-Administrative_Division_of_Macau.png 2x" data-file-width="1110" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Administrative divisions of Macau</figcaption></figure> <p>The territory is divided into seven parishes. <a href="/wiki/Cotai" title="Cotai">Cotai</a>, a major area developed on reclaimed land between <a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Taipa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">Coloane</a>, and areas of the <a href="/wiki/Macau_New_Urban_Zone" title="Macau New Urban Zone">Macau New Urban Zone</a> do not have defined parishes.<sup id="cite_ref-parishes_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parishes-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, the parishes belonged to one of two municipalities (the <a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_Macau" title="Municipality of Macau">Municipality of Macau</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_Ilhas" title="Municipality of Ilhas">Municipality of Ilhas</a>) that were responsible for administering municipal services. The municipalities were abolished in 2001 and superseded by the <a href="/wiki/Civic_and_Municipal_Affairs_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau">Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau</a> in providing local services.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Parish/Area </th> <th>Chinese </th> <th>Area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-parishes_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parishes-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Parishes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nossa_Senhora_de_F%C3%A1tima,_Macau" title="Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Macau">Nossa Senhora de Fátima</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">花地瑪堂區</span></span> </td> <td>3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Santo_Ant%C3%B3nio,_Macau" title="Santo António, Macau">Santo António</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">花王堂區</span></span> </td> <td>1.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_L%C3%A1zaro" title="São Lázaro">São Lázaro</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">望德堂區</span></span> </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Louren%C3%A7o,_Macau" title="São Lourenço, Macau">São Lourenço</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">風順堂區</span></span> </td> <td>1.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9,_Macau" title="Sé, Macau">Sé</a> <i>(including <a href="/wiki/Macau_New_Urban_Zone" title="Macau New Urban Zone">New District Zone B</a>)</i> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">大堂區 (包括新城B區)</span></span> </td> <td>3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Nossa Senhora do Carmo</a><br /> <i>(including <a href="/wiki/Macau_New_Urban_Zone" title="Macau New Urban Zone">New District Zone E</a>)</i> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">嘉模堂區 (包括新城E區)</span></span> </td> <td>7.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">São Francisco Xavier</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">聖方濟各堂區</span></span></span> </td> <td>7.6 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Other areas </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cotai" title="Cotai">Cotai</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">路氹填海區</span></span> </td> <td>6.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macau_New_Urban_Zone" title="Macau New Urban Zone">New District Zone A</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">新城A區</span></span> </td> <td>1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macau_New_Urban_Zone" title="Macau New Urban Zone">HZMB Zhuhai-Macau Port</a> </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">港珠澳大橋珠澳口岸</span></span> </td> <td>0.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Macau" title="University of Macau">University of Macau</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Hengqin</a> campus) </td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">澳門大學 (橫琴校區)</span></span> </td> <td>1.0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Macau" title="Geography of Macau">Geography of Macau</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#2E8B57;color:white;">Map of the Pearl River Delta</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="9"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap" style="width:1000px;float:right;clear:right"><div style="width:1000px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:1000px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Guangdong_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Macau is located in Guangdong"><img alt="Macau is located in Guangdong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/China_Guangdong_adm_location_map.svg/1000px-China_Guangdong_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="1000" height="767" class="mw-file-element" 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style="top:60.234%;left:58.642%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hong Kong"><img alt="Hong Kong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:46.491%;left:53.292%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dongguan"><img alt="Dongguan" 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data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Jiangmen" title="Jiangmen">Jiangmen</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:45.614%;left:61.728%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Huizhou"><img alt="Huizhou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Huizhou" title="Huizhou">Huizhou</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:55.848%;left:48.765%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Zhongshan"><img alt="Zhongshan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Zhongshan" title="Zhongshan">Zhongshan</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:60.234%;left:51.44%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Zhuhai"><img alt="Zhuhai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.696%;left:51.235%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Macau"><img alt="Macau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><b>Macau</b></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:46.491%;left:37.654%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Zhaoqing"><img alt="Zhaoqing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><b><a href="/wiki/Zhaoqing" title="Zhaoqing">Zhaoqing</a></b></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.696%;left:35.802%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Enping"><img alt="Enping" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/8px-Cyan_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/12px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/16px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><a href="/wiki/Enping" title="Enping">Enping</a></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:53.216%;left:41.358%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Heshan"><img alt="Heshan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/8px-Cyan_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/12px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/16px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><a href="/wiki/Heshan,_Guangdong" title="Heshan, Guangdong">Heshan</a></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.48%;left:40.535%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kaiping"><img alt="Kaiping" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/8px-Cyan_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/12px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/16px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><a href="/wiki/Kaiping" title="Kaiping">Kaiping</a></small></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.228%;left:40.535%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Sihui"><img alt="Sihui" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/8px-Cyan_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/12px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cyan_pog.svg/16px-Cyan_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div style="background-color:skyblue"><small><a href="/wiki/Sihui" title="Sihui">Sihui</a></small></div></div></div></div><div style="font-size:91%;padding-top:3px">Macau (Guangdong)</div></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_Macau_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Aerial_view_of_Macau_at_night.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_Macau_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Aerial_view_of_Macau_at_night.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_of_Macau_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Aerial_view_of_Macau_at_night.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_of_Macau_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3064" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of Macau Peninsula</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8.jpg/220px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8.jpg/330px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8.jpg/440px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3855" /></a><figcaption>A 1954 map of the <a href="/wiki/Zhongshan" title="Zhongshan">Zhongshan</a> region. Macau is located at the bottom-right of the region.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8-back.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8-back.jpg/220px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8-back.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8-back.jpg/330px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8-back.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8-back.jpg/440px-Txu-oclc-10552568-nf49-8-back.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="4500" /></a><figcaption>Map of Macau</figcaption></figure> <p>Macau is located on China's southern coast, 60 km (37 mi) west of <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, on the western side of the <a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearl River (China)">Pearl River</a> estuary. It is surrounded by the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a> in the east and south, and neighbours the Guangdong city of <a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a> to the west and north.<sup id="cite_ref-MokHoi202_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MokHoi202-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory consists of <a href="/wiki/Macau_Peninsula" title="Macau Peninsula">Macau Peninsula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Taipa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">Coloane</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 1 km<sup>2</sup> (0.39 sq mi) parcel of land in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Hengqin</a> island that hosts the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Macau" title="University of Macau">University of Macau</a> also falls under the regional government's jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP76_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP76-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory's highest point is <a href="/wiki/Coloane_Alto" class="mw-redirect" title="Coloane Alto">Coloane Alto</a>, 170.6 m (560 ft) above sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-parishes_105-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parishes-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Urban development is concentrated on peninsular Macau, where most of the population lives.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The peninsula was originally a separate island with hilly terrain, which gradually became a <a href="/wiki/Tombolo" title="Tombolo">tombolo</a> as a connecting sandbar formed over time. Both natural sedimentation and <a href="/wiki/Land_reclamation" title="Land reclamation">land reclamation</a> expanded the area enough to support urban growth.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau has tripled its land area in the last century, increasing from 10.28 km<sup>2</sup> (3.97 sq mi) in the late 19th century<sup id="cite_ref-LandReclamation_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LandReclamation-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 32.9 km<sup>2</sup> (12.7 sq mi) in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-parishes_105-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parishes-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cotai" title="Cotai">Cotai</a>, the area of reclaimed land connecting Taipa and Coloane, contains many of the newer casinos and resorts established after 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP7778_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP7778-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The region's jurisdiction over the surrounding sea was greatly expanded in 2015, when it was granted an additional 85 km<sup>2</sup> (33 sq mi) of maritime territory by the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further reclamation is underway to develop parts of the <a href="/wiki/Macau_New_Urban_Zone" title="Macau New Urban Zone">Macau New Urban Zone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The territory also has control over part of an artificial island to maintain a <a href="/wiki/Border_checkpoint" title="Border checkpoint">border checkpoint</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Zhuhai%E2%80%93Macau_Bridge" title="Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge">Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-parishes_105-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-parishes-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite being located south of the <a href="/wiki/Tropic_of_Cancer" title="Tropic of Cancer">Tropic of Cancer</a>, Macau has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> <i>Cwa</i>), characteristic of southern China. The territory is dual season dominant – summer (May to September) and winter (December to February) are the longest seasons, while spring (March and April) and autumn (October and November) are relatively brief periods.<sup id="cite_ref-MokHoi202_107-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MokHoi202-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Monsoon" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian Monsoon">summer monsoon</a> brings warm and humid air from the sea, with the most frequent rainfall occurring during the season. <a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">Typhoons</a> also occur most often then, bringing significant spikes in rainfall. During the winter, northern winds from the continent bring dry air and much less rainfall.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highest and lowest temperatures recorded at the <a href="/wiki/Macao_Meteorological_and_Geophysical_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau">Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau</a> are 38.9 °C (102.0 °F) on both 2 July 1930 and 6 July 1930 and −1.8 °C (28.8 °F) on 26 January 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-macaoclimate_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macaoclimate-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Macau (1991–2020, extremes 1901–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.3<br />(95.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.5<br />(99.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.9<br />(98.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.9<br />(102.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.5<br />(101.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.1<br />(100.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(93.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.9<br />(102.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5<br />(83.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC68D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.7<br />(54.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.8<br />(28.8) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5<br />(47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5<br />(49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−1.8<br />(28.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(1.35) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.9<br />(1.73) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.0<br />(3.15) </td> <td style="background: #12FF12; color:#000000;" class="notheme">153.5<br />(6.04) </td> <td style="background: #005300; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">286.0<br />(11.26) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">373.7<br />(14.71) </td> <td style="background: #004C00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">290.7<br />(11.44) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">331.4<br />(13.05) </td> <td style="background: #009F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">227.8<br />(8.97) </td> <td style="background: #8FFF8F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.1<br />(2.96) </td> <td style="background: #C2FFC2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(1.54) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(1.23) </td> <td style="background: #06FF06; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,966.6<br />(77.43) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4 </td> <td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.1 </td> <td style="background: #1D1DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.7 </td> <td style="background: #3232FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.6 </td> <td style="background: #3737FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.2 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0 </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">130.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.9 </td> <td style="background: #0000CA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000B8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">85.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000B3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">86.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000B9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">84.9 </td> <td style="background: #0000BA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">84.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000C1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000C3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000D2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000E8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000EF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000CD; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">79.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #B9B94E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">126.5 </td> <td style="background: #AAAAA7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.7 </td> <td style="background: #888888; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.8 </td> <td style="background: #ACAC9C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94.6 </td> <td style="background: #BDBD35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.5 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159.0 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">211.3 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188.2 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178.3 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">192.2 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">158.1 </td> <td style="background: #C1C11B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">145.1 </td> <td style="background: #C3C311; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,749.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Macao_Meteorological_and_Geophysical_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau">Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau</a><sup id="cite_ref-SMG1_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SMG1-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-macaoclimate_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-macaoclimate-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1549px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Macau Peninsula skyline, viewed from Taipa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg/1541px-Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg" decoding="async" width="1541" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg/2312px-Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg/3082px-Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4224" data-file-height="603" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_Peninsula_Wikivoyage_banner.jpg" title="File:Macau Peninsula Wikivoyage banner.jpg"> </a></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">The Macau Peninsula skyline, viewed from Taipa</div></div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1268px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_banner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of the Macau Old City"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Macau_banner.jpg/1260px-Macau_banner.jpg" decoding="async" width="1260" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Macau_banner.jpg/1890px-Macau_banner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Macau_banner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_banner.jpg" title="File:Macau banner.jpg"> </a></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">View of the Macau Old City</div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Macau" title="Demographics of Macau">Demographics of Macau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macau_people" title="Macau people">Macau people</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Macau" title="Religion in Macau">Religion in Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Population graph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Macau_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/220px-Macau_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Macau_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/330px-Macau_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Macau_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/440px-Macau_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png 2x" data-file-width="2212" data-file-height="1777" /></a><figcaption>2020 <a href="/wiki/Population_pyramid" title="Population pyramid">population pyramid</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Statistics_and_Census_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistics and Census Service">Statistics and Census Service</a> estimated Macau's population at 667,400 at the end of 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-2019Population_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2019Population-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a population density of 21,340 people per square kilometre,<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau is the most densely populated region in the world. The overwhelming majority (88.7 per cent) are <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people" title="Chinese people">Chinese</a>, many of whom originate from <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> (31.9 per cent) or <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a> (5.9 per cent).<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remaining 11.6 per cent are non ethnic Chinese minorities, primarily <a href="/wiki/Filipinos" title="Filipinos">Filipinos</a> (4.6 per cent), <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people" title="Vietnamese people">Vietnamese</a> (2.4 per cent), and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a> (1.8 per cent).<sup id="cite_ref-ethnicity2016_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnicity2016-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several thousand residents are of <a href="/wiki/Macanese_people" title="Macanese people">Macanese</a> heritage, native-born <a href="/wiki/Multiracial" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiracial">multiracial</a> people with mixed Portuguese ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the total population (excluding migrants), 49.4 per cent were born in Macau, followed by 43.1 per cent in mainland China.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large portion of the population are <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_nationality_law#Macau" title="Portuguese nationality law">Portuguese citizens</a>, a legacy of colonial rule; at the time of the handover in 1999, 107,000 residents held Portuguese passports.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The predominant language is <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Varieties_of_Chinese" title="Varieties of Chinese">variety of Chinese</a> originating in Guangdong. It is spoken by 87.5 per cent of the population, 80.1 per cent as a first language and 7.5 per cent as a second language. Only 2.3 per cent can speak <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>, the other official language;<sup id="cite_ref-official-lang_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-official-lang-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 0.7 per cent are native speakers, and 1.6 per cent use it as a second language. Increased immigration from mainland China in recent years has added to the number of <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> speakers, making up about half of the population (50.4 per cent); 5.5 per cent are native speakers and 44.9 per cent are second language speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-language2016_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language2016-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese characters</a> are used in writing, rather than the <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified characters</a> used on the mainland. English is considered an additional working language<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is spoken by over a quarter of the population (27.5 per cent); 2.8 per cent are native speakers, and 24.7 per cent speak English as a second language.<sup id="cite_ref-language2016_124-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-language2016-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Macanese_Patois" title="Macanese Patois">Macanese Patois</a>, a local <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole</a> generally known as <i>Patuá</i>, is now spoken only by a few in the older Macanese community.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:grey; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 90.420359373902px; border-left-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 32.491969623291px; border-left-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:yellow"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Macau" title="Religion in Macau">Religion in Macau</a> (2012)<sup id="cite_ref-state.gov_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-state.gov-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a>) (80%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (6.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:grey; color:black;"> </span> Other (13.7%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>According to the Government Information Bureau, 80 per cent of the population practices <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Macau" title="Religion in Macau">Buddhism</a>, 6.7 per cent follow <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Macau" title="Religion in Macau">Christianity</a> and 13.7 per cent follow other religion.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Folk practices are also common among the citizens. According to <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religions</a> have the most adherents (58.9 per cent) and are followed by <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (17.3 per cent) and <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (7.2 per cent), while 15.4 per cent of the population profess no religious affiliation at all. Small minorities adhering to other religions (less than 1 per cent), including <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Macau" title="Islam in Macau">Islam</a>, are also resident in Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Life expectancy in Macau was 81.6 years for males and 87.7 years for females in 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-CIALifeExpectancy_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIALifeExpectancy-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the fourth highest in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">Cancer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">heart disease</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Respiratory_disease" title="Respiratory disease">respiratory disease</a> are the territory's three leading causes of death. Most government-provided healthcare services are free of charge, though alternative treatment is also heavily subsidised.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Migrant workers living in Macau account for over 25 per cent of the entire workforce.<sup id="cite_ref-foreignLabour2016_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreignLabour2016-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They largely work in lower wage sectors of the economy, including construction, hotels, and restaurants. As a growing proportion of local residents take up employment in the gaming industry, the disparity in income between local and migrant workers has been increasing.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP76_109-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP76-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rising living costs have also pushed a large portion of nonresident workers to live in Zhuhai.<sup id="cite_ref-foreignLabour2016_132-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreignLabour2016-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Macau" title="Economy of Macau">Economy of Macau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Macau" title="Tourism in Macau">Tourism in Macau</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Macau" title="Gambling in Macau">Gambling in Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s.jpg/220px-Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s.jpg/330px-Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s.jpg/440px-Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4624" data-file-height="3472" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Ruins_of_Saint_Paul%27s" title="Ruins of Saint Paul's">Ruins of Saint Paul's</a>, a religious complex built in the 17th century, are now a popular tourist attraction.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E4%B8%9C%E6%9C%9B%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94_-_Guia_Lighthouse_-_2016.06_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9C%9B%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94_-_Guia_Lighthouse_-_2016.06_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-%E4%B8%9C%E6%9C%9B%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94_-_Guia_Lighthouse_-_2016.06_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9C%9B%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94_-_Guia_Lighthouse_-_2016.06_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-%E4%B8%9C%E6%9C%9B%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94_-_Guia_Lighthouse_-_2016.06_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E4%B8%9C%E6%9C%9B%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94_-_Guia_Lighthouse_-_2016.06_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-%E4%B8%9C%E6%9C%9B%E6%B4%8B%E7%81%AF%E5%A1%94_-_Guia_Lighthouse_-_2016.06_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4512" data-file-height="3383" /></a><figcaption>Guia Lighthouse at <a href="/wiki/Guia_Fortress" title="Guia Fortress">Guia Fortress</a> landmark, 19th century</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:254px;max-width:254px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_Skyline_(157820121).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Macau_Skyline_%28157820121%29.jpeg/250px-Macau_Skyline_%28157820121%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Macau_Skyline_%28157820121%29.jpeg/375px-Macau_Skyline_%28157820121%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Macau_Skyline_%28157820121%29.jpeg/500px-Macau_Skyline_%28157820121%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1366" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Casinos on the Macanese skyline</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marine_photo_g_f.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Marine_photo_g_f.jpg/250px-Marine_photo_g_f.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Marine_photo_g_f.jpg/375px-Marine_photo_g_f.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Marine_photo_g_f.jpg/500px-Marine_photo_g_f.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2354" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Marina at <a href="/wiki/Macau_Fisherman%27s_Wharf" title="Macau Fisherman's Wharf">Macau Fisherman's Wharf</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%B0_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%B0_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%B0_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%B0_-_panoramio.jpg/375px-%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%B0_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%B0_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BA%AD%E5%89%8D%E5%9C%B0_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Tourism plays an important role in the economy of Macau, the people from Mainland China being the region's most prolific tourists.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Macau has a <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalist</a> <a href="/wiki/Service_economy" title="Service economy">service economy</a> largely based on <a href="/wiki/Casino" title="Casino">casino</a> gaming and tourism. It is the world's <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">83rd-largest economy</a>, with a <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product#Nominal_GDP_and_adjustments_to_GDP" title="Gross domestic product">nominal GDP</a> of approximately MOP433 billion (US$53.9 billion).<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEO.MO-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The GDP per capita was US$69,430 in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Macau has one of the highest per capita GDPs, the territory also has a high level of <a href="/wiki/Economic_inequality" title="Economic inequality">wealth disparity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP7778_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP7778-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau's gambling industry is the largest in the world, generating over MOP195 billion (US$24 billion) in revenue and about seven times larger than that of <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau's gambling revenue was $37 billion in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-wsj_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsj-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taxes from gambling revenues fund a robust welfare system and an annual cash payment to Macau's citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_87-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 204">: 204 </span></sup> </p><p>The regional economy is heavily reliant on casino gaming.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The vast majority of government funding (79.6 per cent of total tax revenue) comes from gaming.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local taxes on personal income, residential property, and retail sales range from non-existent to negligible.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_87-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 16">: 16 </span></sup> Gambling as a share of GDP peaked in 2013 at over 60 per cent,<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and continues to account for 49.1 per cent of total economic output. The vast majority of casino patrons are tourists from mainland China, making up 68 per cent of all visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Casino gaming is illegal in both the mainland and Hong Kong, giving Macau a legal monopoly on the industry in China.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Revenue from Chinese high rollers has been falling and was forecast to fall as much as 10% more in 2019. Economic uncertainty may account for some of the drop, but alternate Asian gambling venues do as well. For example, Chinese visitors to the Philippines more than doubled between 2015 and 2018, since the City of Dreams casino opened in Manila.<sup id="cite_ref-wsj_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsj-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Casino gambling was legalised in 1962 and the gaming industry initially operated under a government-licensed monopoly granted to the <a href="/wiki/Sociedade_de_Turismo_e_Divers%C3%B5es_de_Macau" title="Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau">Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau</a>. This licence was renegotiated and renewed several times before ending in 2002 after 40 years.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government then allowed open bidding for casino licences to attract foreign investors.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP74_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP74-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with an easing of travel restrictions on mainland Chinese visitors, this triggered a period of rapid economic growth; from 1999 to 2016, Macau's <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">gross domestic product</a> multiplied by 7<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the unemployment rate dropped from 6.3 to 1.9 per cent.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP76_109-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP76-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sands_Macao" title="Sands Macao">Sands Macao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wynn_Macau" title="Wynn Macau">Wynn Macau</a>, <a href="/wiki/MGM_Macau" title="MGM Macau">MGM Macau</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian Macau">Venetian Macau</a> were all opened during the first decade after liberalisation of casino concessions.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP74_138-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP74-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Casinos employ about 24 per cent of the total workforce in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP76_109-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP76-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Increased competition from casinos popping up across Asia to lure away Chinese high rollers and tourists" in Singapore, South Korea, Japan, Nepal, the Philippines, Australia, Vietnam and the Russian Far East led in 2019 to the lowest revenues in three years.<sup id="cite_ref-wsj_134-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wsj-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Export-oriented manufacturing previously contributed to a much larger share of economic output, peaking at 36.9 per cent of GDP in 1985<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and falling to less than 1 per cent in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bulk of these exports were cotton textiles and apparel, but also included toys and electronics.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the handover in 1999, manufacturing, financial services, construction and real estate, and gaming were the four largest sectors of the economy.<sup id="cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Macau's shift to an economic model entirely dependent on gaming caused concern over its overexposure to a single sector, prompting the regional government to attempt re-diversifying its economy.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The government traditionally had a non-interventionist role in the economy and taxes corporations at very low rates.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Post-handover administrations have generally been more involved in enhancing social welfare to counter the cyclical nature of the gaming industry.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Economic growth has been attributed in large part to the high number of mainlander visits to Macau, and the central government exercises a role in guiding casino business growth through its control of the flow of tourists.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mainland_and_Macau_Closer_Economic_Partnership_Arrangement" title="Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement">Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement</a> formalised a policy of free trade between Macau and mainland China, with each jurisdiction pledging to remove remaining obstacles to trade and cross-boundary investment.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to a lack of available land for farming, agriculture is not significant in the economy. Food is exclusively imported to Macau and almost all foreign goods are transshipped through Hong Kong.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Macau" title="Transport in Macau">Transport in Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Air_Macau_Airbus_A321-200_B-MCA_(24311327220).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Air_Macau_Airbus_A321-200_B-MCA_%2824311327220%29.jpg/220px-Air_Macau_Airbus_A321-200_B-MCA_%2824311327220%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Air_Macau_Airbus_A321-200_B-MCA_%2824311327220%29.jpg/330px-Air_Macau_Airbus_A321-200_B-MCA_%2824311327220%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Air_Macau_Airbus_A321-200_B-MCA_%2824311327220%29.jpg/440px-Air_Macau_Airbus_A321-200_B-MCA_%2824311327220%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3615" data-file-height="2561" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Air_Macau" title="Air Macau">Air Macau</a> Airbus A321 taxiing at <a href="/wiki/Macau_International_Airport" title="Macau International Airport">Macau International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Macau has a highly developed road system, with over 400 km (250 mi) of roads. Automobiles drive <a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">on the left</a> (unlike in both mainland China and Portugal), due to historical influence of the British Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The source does not mention traffic in Macau, nor in Portuguese colonies in general. (December 2023)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> Vehicle traffic is extremely congested, especially in the oldest part of the city, where streets are the narrowest.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Public bus services operate over 80 routes, supplemented by free hotel shuttle buses that also run routes to popular tourist attractions and downtown locations.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About 1,500 black taxicabs are licensed in the territory.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Zhuhai%E2%80%93Macau_Bridge" title="Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge">Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge</a>, opened in 2018, provides a direct link with the eastern side of the Pearl River estuary.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cross-boundary traffic to mainland China may also pass through border checkpoints at the <a href="/wiki/Portas_do_Cerco" title="Portas do Cerco">Portas do Cerco</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B3tus_Bridge" title="Lótus Bridge">Lótus Bridge</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Qingmao_Port" title="Qingmao Port">Qingmao Port</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Macau_International_Airport" title="Macau International Airport">Macau International Airport</a> serves over 8 million passengers each year and is the primary hub for local flag carrier <a href="/wiki/Air_Macau" title="Air Macau">Air Macau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ferry services to Hong Kong and mainland China operate out of ferry terminals such as <a href="/wiki/Taipa_Ferry_Terminal" title="Taipa Ferry Terminal">Taipa Ferry Terminal</a>. Daily helicopter service is also available to Hong Kong and Shenzhen.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phase 1 of the territory's first rail network, the <a href="/wiki/Macau_Light_Rapid_Transit" title="Macau Light Rapid Transit">Macau Light Rapid Transit</a>, began operations in December 2019. The <a href="/wiki/Taipa_line" title="Taipa line">Taipa line</a> connects 11 metro stations throughout Taipa and Cotai.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Healthcare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Macau" title="Healthcare in Macau">Healthcare in Macau</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Macau" title="List of hospitals in Macau">List of hospitals in Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MUST_Hospital_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/MUST_Hospital_01.jpg/220px-MUST_Hospital_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/MUST_Hospital_01.jpg/330px-MUST_Hospital_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/MUST_Hospital_01.jpg/440px-MUST_Hospital_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2230" data-file-height="1254" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Macau_University_of_Science_and_Technology_Hospital" title="Macau University of Science and Technology Hospital">Macau University of Science and Technology Hospital</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Macau is served by one major public hospital, the <a href="/wiki/Hospital_Conde_S._Janu%C3%A1rio" class="mw-redirect" title="Hospital Conde S. Januário">Hospital Conde S. Januário</a>, and one major private hospital, the <a href="/wiki/Kiang_Wu_Hospital" title="Kiang Wu Hospital">Kiang Wu Hospital</a>, both located in Macau Peninsula, as well as a university associated hospital called <a href="/wiki/Macau_University_of_Science_and_Technology_Hospital" title="Macau University of Science and Technology Hospital">Macau University of Science and Technology Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cotai" title="Cotai">Cotai</a>. In addition to hospitals, Macau also has numerous health centres providing free basic medical care to residents. Consultation in <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_medicine" title="Traditional Chinese medicine">traditional Chinese medicine</a> is also available.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>None of the Macau hospitals are independently assessed through <a href="/wiki/International_healthcare_accreditation" title="International healthcare accreditation">international healthcare accreditation</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Western_culture" title="Western culture">Western</a>-style medical school was opened in Macau in 2019 by the Macau University of Science and Technology, with an annual intake of 50 students.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local nurses are trained at the <a href="/wiki/Macao_Polytechnic_University" title="Macao Polytechnic University">Macao Polytechnic University</a> and the Kiang Wu <a href="/wiki/Nursing" title="Nursing">Nursing</a> College of Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are no training courses in <a href="/wiki/Midwifery" title="Midwifery">midwifery</a> in Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChanLeongLukYeung2010471_162-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChanLeongLukYeung2010471-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A study by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Macau" title="University of Macau">University of Macau</a>, commissioned by the Macau SAR government, concluded that Macau is too small to have its own medical specialist training centre.<sup id="cite_ref-Yaupatients_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yaupatients-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Fire_Services_Bureau" title="Fire Services Bureau">Fire Services Bureau</a> is responsible for ambulance service (Ambulância de Macau). The <a href="/wiki/Macau_Red_Cross" title="Macau Red Cross">Macau Red Cross</a> also operates ambulances (<a href="/wiki/Toyota_HiAce" title="Toyota HiAce">Toyota HiAce</a> vans) for emergency and non-emergencies to local hospitals with volunteer staff. The organisation has a total of 739 uniformed firefighters and paramedics serving from 7 stations in Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Health Bureau in Macau is mainly responsible for coordinating the activities between the public and private organisations in the area of <a href="/wiki/Public_health" title="Public health">public health</a>, and assure the health of citizens through specialised and <a href="/wiki/Primary_health_care" title="Primary health care">primary health care</a> services, as well as disease prevention and <a href="/wiki/Health_promotion" title="Health promotion">health promotion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention_(Macau)" title="Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (Macau)">Macau Centre for Disease Control and Prevention</a> was established in 2001, which monitors the operation of hospitals, health centres, and the <a href="/wiki/Blood_transfusion" title="Blood transfusion">blood transfusion</a> centre in Macau. It also handles the organisation of care and prevention of diseases affecting the population, sets guidelines for hospitals and private healthcare providers, and issues <a href="/wiki/Medical_license" title="Medical license">licenses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2016<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> Macau healthcare authorities send patients to <a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_Hospital_(Hong_Kong)" title="Queen Mary Hospital (Hong Kong)">Queen Mary Hospital</a> in Hong Kong in instances where the local Macau hospitals are not equipped to deal with their scenarios, and many Macau residents intentionally seek healthcare in Hong Kong because they place more trust in Hong Kong doctors than in Mainland-trained doctors operating in Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-Yaupatients_163-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yaupatients-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Macau" title="Education in Macau">Education in Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UM_Hengqin_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/UM_Hengqin_2.jpg/220px-UM_Hengqin_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/UM_Hengqin_2.jpg/330px-UM_Hengqin_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/UM_Hengqin_2.jpg/440px-UM_Hengqin_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The main campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Macau" title="University of Macau">University of Macau</a> is located in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Hengqin</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Education in Macau does not have a single centralised set of standards or curriculum. Individual schools follow different educational models, including Chinese, Portuguese, Hong Kong, and British systems.<sup id="cite_ref-TangBrayEdu_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TangBrayEdu-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Children are required to attend school from the age of five until completion of lower secondary school, or at age 15. Of residents aged 3 and older, 69 per cent completed lower secondary education, 49 per cent graduated from an upper secondary school, 21 per cent earned a bachelor's degree or higher.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mandatory education has contributed to an adult literacy rate of 96.5 per cent. While lower than that of other developed economies, the rate is due to the influx of refugees from mainland China during the post-war colonial era. Much of the elderly population were not formally educated due to war and poverty.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most schools in the territory are private institutions. Out of the 77 non-tertiary schools, 10 are public and the other 67 are privately run.<sup id="cite_ref-2018YearbookP289_170-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2018YearbookP289-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Macau" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Macau">Roman Catholic Diocese of Macau</a> maintains an important position in territorial education, managing 27 primary and secondary schools.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government provides 15 years of free education for all residents enrolled in publicly run schools,<sup id="cite_ref-2018YearbookP289_170-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2018YearbookP289-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and subsidises tuition for students in private schools. Students at the secondary school level studying in neighbouring areas of Guangdong are also eligible for tuition subsidies.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The vast majority of schools use Cantonese as the <a href="/wiki/Medium_of_instruction" title="Medium of instruction">medium of instruction</a>, with written education in Chinese and compulsory classes in Mandarin. A minority of private schools use English or Portuguese as the primary teaching language. Portuguese-Chinese schools mainly use Chinese, but additionally require mandatory Portuguese-language classes as part of their curriculum.<sup id="cite_ref-TangBrayEdu_167-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TangBrayEdu-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Macau has <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Macau" title="List of universities and colleges in Macau">ten universities and tertiary education institutes</a>. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Macau" title="University of Macau">University of Macau</a>, founded in 1981, is the territory's only public comprehensive university. The <a href="/wiki/Kiang_Wu_Hospital#Kiang_Wu_Nursing_College_of_Macau" title="Kiang Wu Hospital">Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau</a> is the oldest higher institute, specialising in educating future nursing staff for the college's parent hospital. The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Saint_Joseph" title="University of Saint Joseph">University of Saint Joseph</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macau_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Macau University of Science and Technology">Macau University of Science and Technology</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/City_University_of_Macau" title="City University of Macau">City University of Macau</a> were all established in subsequent years. Five other institutes specialise in specific vocations or provide <a href="/wiki/Continuing_education" title="Continuing education">continuing education</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Macau" title="Culture of Macau">Culture of Macau</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E9%A3%8E%E9%A1%BA%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_-_panoramio_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/%E9%A3%8E%E9%A1%BA%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/220px-%E9%A3%8E%E9%A1%BA%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/%E9%A3%8E%E9%A1%BA%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/330px-%E9%A3%8E%E9%A1%BA%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/%E9%A3%8E%E9%A1%BA%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/440px-%E9%A3%8E%E9%A1%BA%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3314" data-file-height="1819" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Senado_Square" title="Senado Square">Senado Square</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Templo_Na_Tcha,_Macao,_2013-08-08,_DD_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Templo_Na_Tcha%2C_Macao%2C_2013-08-08%2C_DD_01.jpg/220px-Templo_Na_Tcha%2C_Macao%2C_2013-08-08%2C_DD_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Templo_Na_Tcha%2C_Macao%2C_2013-08-08%2C_DD_01.jpg/330px-Templo_Na_Tcha%2C_Macao%2C_2013-08-08%2C_DD_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Templo_Na_Tcha%2C_Macao%2C_2013-08-08%2C_DD_01.jpg/440px-Templo_Na_Tcha%2C_Macao%2C_2013-08-08%2C_DD_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4980" data-file-height="3320" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Na_Tcha_Temple" title="Na Tcha Temple">Na Tcha Temple</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>The mixing of <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of China">Chinese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese culture">Portuguese culture</a> and religious traditions for more than four centuries has left Macau with an inimitable collection of holidays, festivals and events. The biggest event of the year is the <a href="/wiki/Macau_Grand_Prix" title="Macau Grand Prix">Macau Grand Prix</a> each November,<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when the main streets of the Macau Peninsula are converted to a racetrack bearing similarities with the <a href="/wiki/Monaco_Grand_Prix" title="Monaco Grand Prix">Monaco Grand Prix</a>. Other annual events include Macau Arts festival in March, the International Fireworks Display Contest in September, the International Music festival in October and/or November, and the Macau International Marathon in December. </p><p>The Lunar <a href="/wiki/Chinese_New_Year" title="Chinese New Year">Chinese New Year</a> is the most important traditional festival, and celebration normally takes place in late January or early February.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_175-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pou Tai Un Temple in Taipa is the place for the Feast of Tou Tei, the Earth god, in February. The Procession of the Passion of Our Lord is a well-known Roman Catholic rite and journey, which travels from Saint Austin's Church to the cathedral, also taking place in February.<sup id="cite_ref-Asiarooms_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asiarooms-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The A-Ma Temple, which honours the Goddess Matsu, is in full swing in April with many worshipers celebrating the A-Ma festival. In May, it is common to see dancing dragons at the Feast of the Drunken Dragon and twinkling-clean Buddhas at the Feast of the Bathing of Lord Buddha. In <a href="/wiki/Coloane_Village" class="mw-redirect" title="Coloane Village">Coloane Village</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Taoist" class="mw-redirect" title="Taoist">Taoist</a> god <a href="/wiki/Tam_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Tam Kong">Tam Kong</a> is also honoured on the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-Asiarooms_176-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asiarooms-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Dragon Boat Festival">Dragon Boat Festival</a> is brought into play on Nam Van Lake in June and Hungry Ghosts' festival, in late August and/or early September every year. All events and festivities of the year end with <a href="/wiki/Dongzhi_Festival" title="Dongzhi Festival">Winter Solstice</a> in December. </p><p>Macau preserves many historical properties in the urban area. Its <a href="/wiki/Historic_Centre_of_Macau" title="Historic Centre of Macau">historic centre</a>, which includes some twenty-five historic locations, was officially listed as a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> on 15 July 2005 during the 29th session of the <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee" title="World Heritage Committee">World Heritage Committee</a>, held in <a href="/wiki/Durban" title="Durban">Durban</a>, South Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the Macao government is criticised for ignoring the conservation of heritage in urban planning.<sup id="cite_ref-YC2007_178-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YC2007-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, local residents of Macao wrote a letter to UNESCO complaining about construction projects around <a href="/wiki/World_heritage" class="mw-redirect" title="World heritage">world heritage</a> <a href="/wiki/Guia_Lighthouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Guia Lighthouse">Guia Lighthouse</a> (Focal height 108 m (354 ft)), including the headquarter of the Liaison Office (91 m (299 ft)). UNESCO then issued a warning to the Macau government, which led former Chief Executive <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Ho" title="Edmund Ho">Edmund Ho</a> to sign a notice regulating height restrictions on buildings around the site.<sup id="cite_ref-mdt2016_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdt2016-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, the <a href="/wiki/New_Macau_Association" title="New Macau Association">New Macau Association</a> submitted a report to UNESCO claiming that the government had failed to protect Macao's cultural heritage against threats by urban development projects. One of the main examples of the report is that the headquarter of the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government, which is located on the Guia foothill and obstructs the view of the <a href="/wiki/Guia_Fortress" title="Guia Fortress">Guia Fortress</a> (one of the world heritages symbols of Macao). One year later, Roni Amelan, a spokesman from UNESCO Press service, said that the UNESCO has asked China for information and is still waiting for a reply.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mdt2016_179-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdt2016-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the Macau government approved an 81-metre (266 ft)-tall construction limit for the residential project, which reportedly goes against the city's regulations on the height of buildings around world heritage site Guia Lighthouse.<sup id="cite_ref-mdt2016_179-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdt2016-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese cuisine</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:179px;max-width:179px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:117px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MargaretCafe_PasteisDeNata.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/MargaretCafe_PasteisDeNata.JPG/177px-MargaretCafe_PasteisDeNata.JPG" decoding="async" width="177" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/MargaretCafe_PasteisDeNata.JPG/266px-MargaretCafe_PasteisDeNata.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/MargaretCafe_PasteisDeNata.JPG/354px-MargaretCafe_PasteisDeNata.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:159px;max-width:159px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:117px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Porkchopbun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Porkchopbun.jpg/157px-Porkchopbun.jpg" decoding="async" width="157" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Porkchopbun.jpg/236px-Porkchopbun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Porkchopbun.jpg/314px-Porkchopbun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><i>(Left)</i>: Macanese-style <i><a href="/wiki/Pastel_de_nata" title="Pastel de nata">pastel de nata</a></i>. <i>(Right)</i>: <a href="/wiki/Pork_chop_bun" title="Pork chop bun">Pork chop buns</a> are popular street snacks.</div></div></div></div> <p>Food in Macau is mainly based on both <a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Portuguese cuisine</a>, drawing influences from <a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malay_cuisine" title="Malay cuisine">Malay</a> dishes as well, reflecting a unique cultural and culinary blend after centuries of colonial rule.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portuguese recipes were adapted to use local ingredients, such as fresh seafood, <a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">turmeric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coconut_milk" title="Coconut milk">coconut milk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adzuki_bean" title="Adzuki bean">adzuki beans</a>. These adaptations produced Macanese variations of traditional Portuguese dishes including <i><a href="/wiki/Caldo_verde" title="Caldo verde">caldo verde</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Minchee" title="Minchee">minchee</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Cozido_%C3%A0_portuguesa" title="Cozido à portuguesa">cozido à portuguesa</a></i>. While many restaurants claim to serve traditional Portuguese or Macanese dishes, most serve a mix of Cantonese-Portuguese fusion cuisine. <i><a href="/wiki/Galinha_%C3%A0_portuguesa" title="Galinha à portuguesa">Galinha à portuguesa</a></i> is an example of a Chinese dish that draws from Macanese influences, but is not part of Macanese cuisine.<sup id="cite_ref-LongMacauFood_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LongMacauFood-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Cha_chaan_teng" title="Cha chaan teng">Cha chaan teng</a></i>, a type of fast casual diner originating in Hong Kong that serves that region's interpretation of Western food, are also prevalent in Macau.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Pastel_de_nata" title="Pastel de nata">Pastel de nata</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Pork_chop_bun" title="Pork chop bun">pork chop buns</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Almond_biscuit" title="Almond biscuit">almond biscuits</a> are popular street food items.<sup id="cite_ref-LongMacauFood_182-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LongMacauFood-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Macau" title="Sport in Macau">Sport in Macau</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_Macau_F3_GP.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/2008_Macau_F3_GP.JPG/220px-2008_Macau_F3_GP.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/2008_Macau_F3_GP.JPG/330px-2008_Macau_F3_GP.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/2008_Macau_F3_GP.JPG/440px-2008_Macau_F3_GP.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="682" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Formula_Three" title="Formula Three">Formula Three</a> racers in the 2008 <a href="/wiki/Macau_Grand_Prix" title="Macau Grand Prix">Macau Grand Prix</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Despite its small area, Macau is home to a variety of sports and recreational facilities that have hosted a number of major international sporting events, including the <a href="/wiki/2005_East_Asian_Games" title="2005 East Asian Games">2005 East Asian Games</a>, the <a href="/wiki/2006_Lusophony_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Lusophony Games">2006 Lusophony Games</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/2007_Asian_Indoor_Games" title="2007 Asian Indoor Games">2007 Asian Indoor Games</a>. </p><p>The territory regularly hosts the <a href="/wiki/Macau_Grand_Prix" title="Macau Grand Prix">Macau Grand Prix</a>, one of the most significant annual motorsport competitions that uses city streets as the racetrack. It is the only <a href="/wiki/Street_circuit" title="Street circuit">street circuit</a> that hosts <a href="/wiki/Formula_Three" title="Formula Three">Formula Three</a>, <a href="/wiki/Touring_car_racing" title="Touring car racing">touring car</a>, and motorcycle races in the same event. The <a href="/wiki/Guia_Circuit" title="Guia Circuit">Guia Circuit</a>, with narrow corner clearance and a winding path, is considered an extremely challenging course and a serious milestone for prospective <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> racers.<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Macau represents itself separately from mainland China with its own sports teams in international competitions. The territory maintains its own <a href="/wiki/Sports_and_Olympic_Committee_of_Macau,_China" title="Sports and Olympic Committee of Macau, China">National Olympic Committee</a>, but does not compete in the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee</a> rules specify that new NOCs can only be admitted if they represent sovereign states (Hong Kong has participated in the Olympics since before the regulation change in 1996).<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_and_sister_cities">Twin towns and sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Twin towns and sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Macau has six <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">sister cities</a>, listed chronologically by year joined:<sup id="cite_ref-IAM_Exchanges_186-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAM_Exchanges-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, Portugal (1982)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Uwajima,_Ehime" title="Uwajima, Ehime">Uwajima, Ehime</a>, Japan (1987)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/19px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/29px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Monaco.svg/38px-Flag_of_Monaco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Monte_Carlo" title="Monte Carlo">Monte Carlo</a>, Monaco (1992)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a>, Portugal (1997)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping" title="Linköping">Linköping</a>, Sweden (1997)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Coimbra" title="Coimbra">Coimbra</a>, Portugal (1998)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, Brazil (2000)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Praia" title="Praia">Praia</a>, Cape Verde (2007)</li></ul> </div> <p>Additionally, Macau has other cultural agreements with the following cities:<sup id="cite_ref-IAM_Exchanges_186-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAM_Exchanges-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a>, Belgium (1991)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, United States (2001)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Da_Nang" title="Da Nang">Da Nang</a>, Vietnam (2006)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Phuket_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Phuket Province">Phuket</a>, Thailand (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Union_of_Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic_Capital_Cities">Union of Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic Capital Cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Union of Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic Capital Cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Macau is part of the Union of Luso-Afro-Americo-Asiatic Capital Cities<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IAM_Exchanges_186-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAM_Exchanges-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 28 June 1985, establishing brotherly relations with the following cities: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bissau" title="Bissau">Bissau</a>, Guinea-Bissau</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a>, East Timor</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, Portugal</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Luanda" title="Luanda">Luanda</a>, Angola</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maputo" title="Maputo">Maputo</a>, Mozambique</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Panaji" title="Panaji">Panaji</a> (Panjim), India</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Praia" title="Praia">Praia</a>, Cape Verde</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, Brazil</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/23px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/35px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg/46px-Flag_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9" title="São Tomé">São Tomé</a>, São Tomé and Príncipe</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/19px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/29px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/38px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Macau" title="Foreign relations of Macau">Foreign relations of Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Macau" title="Outline of Macau">Outline of Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Macau-related_articles" title="Index of Macau-related articles">Index of Macau-related articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuiheng" title="Cuiheng">Cuiheng New Area</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-chinese-varieties-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chinese-varieties_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-chinese-varieties_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">No specific variety of Chinese is official in the territory. Residents predominantly speak <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a>, the de facto regional standard.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-language-status-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-language-status_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-language-status_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">For all government use, documents written using <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese characters</a> are authoritative over ones inscribed with <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese characters</a>. Portuguese shares equal status with Chinese in all official proceedings.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Macanese_people" title="Macanese people">Macanese people</a> are a distinct ethnic group of mixed Asian and European heritage (predominantly Cantonese and Portuguese).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Attempts by the Portuguese colonial government in the mid-1990s to change this definition in the Portuguese and English languages ultimately failed.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The UN does not calculate the HDI of Macau. The government of Macau calculates its own HDI.<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">English: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/aʊ/: 'ou' in 'mouth'">aʊ</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f7\/Macau_pronunciation.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Macau pronunciation.mp3"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Macau_pronunciation.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Macau_pronunciation.mp3" title="File:Macau pronunciation.mp3">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Portuguese:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[mɐˈkaw]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">澳門</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Cantonese:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[ōu.mǔːn]</a></span></li><li>Officially the <b>Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China</b> (<a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區</span>; <a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Cantonese Yale</a>: <i><span lang="yue-Latn">Oumún Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkēui</span></i>, <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China</i>).</li><li>Legally <b>Macao, China</b> in international treaties and organizations.</li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Macau</i> is the official spelling in the Portuguese language, while <i>Macao</i> is the official spelling in the English language. <a href="/wiki/Macao_Special_Administrative_Region_passport" title="Macao Special Administrative Region passport">Macau passports</a> use both spellings.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wfb-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wfb_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wfb_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">"Macau"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210124190003/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">Archived</a> 24 January 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-official-lang-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-official-lang_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-official-lang_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-official-lang_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasic_Law">Basic Law</a> Chapter I Article 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ethnicity2016-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ethnicity2016_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ethnicity2016_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPopulation_By-Census2016">Population By-Census 2016</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181116085352/http://macaudailytimes.com.mo/archive-2009-2014/the-lobby/macau-faq/39087-what-are-the-characteristics-of-macanese-people.html">"What are the characteristics of Macanese people?"</a>. <i>Macau Daily Times</i>. 10 October 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://macaudailytimes.com.mo/archive-2009-2014/the-lobby/macau-faq/39087-what-are-the-characteristics-of-macanese-people.html">the original</a> on 16 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Macau+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=What+are+the+characteristics+of+Macanese+people%3F&rft.date=2012-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmacaudailytimes.com.mo%2Farchive-2009-2014%2Fthe-lobby%2Fmacau-faq%2F39087-what-are-the-characteristics-of-macanese-people.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClayton2010" class="citation book cs1">Clayton, Cathryn H. (2010). <i><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty_at_the_Edge:_Macau_%26_the_Question_of_Chineseness" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereignty at the Edge: Macau & the Question of Chineseness">Sovereignty at the Edge: Macau & the Question of Chineseness</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2alTUjb6SX8C&pg=PA110">110</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2alTUjb6SX8C&pg=PA113">113</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674035454" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674035454"><bdi>978-0674035454</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sovereignty+at+the+Edge%3A+Macau+%26+the+Question+of+Chineseness&rft.pages=110-113&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0674035454&rft.aulast=Clayton&rft.aufirst=Cathryn+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/China_2004?lang=en">"China (People's Republic of) 1982 (rev. 2004)"</a>. Constitute project. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150717104412/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/China_2004?lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+%28People%27s+Republic+of%29+1982+%28rev.+2004%29&rft.pub=Constitute+project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.constituteproject.org%2Fconstitution%2FChina_2004%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nationalReps-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nationalReps_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nationalReps_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://macaunews.mo/local-npc-deputies-election-slated-dec-17/">"Local NPC Deputies' Election Slated for Dec 17"</a>. <i>Macau News</i>. 27 November 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180103011709/https://macaunews.mo/local-npc-deputies-election-slated-dec-17/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Macau+News&rft.atitle=Local+NPC+Deputies%27+Election+Slated+for+Dec+17&rft.date=2017-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmacaunews.mo%2Flocal-npc-deputies-election-slated-dec-17%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEO.MO-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEO.MO_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/April/weo-report?c=111,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2027&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: April 2024"</a>. <i>imf.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240913231418/https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/April/weo-report?c=111,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2027&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=imf.org&rft.atitle=Report+for+Selected+Countries+and+Subjects%3A+April+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2024%2FApril%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D111%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2022%26ey%3D2027%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">"The World Factbook"</a>. <i>CIA.gov</i>. Central Intelligence Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210124190003/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIA.gov&rft.atitle=The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fmacau%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HDI_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HDI_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsec.gov.mo/getAttachment/ab7d3848-5edc-4947-9d2a-8e8a97b8a7c8/C_MN_PUB_2024_Y.aspx">"Macau in Figures, 2024"</a>. 澳門統計暨普查局(DSEC). p. 4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240913231353/https://www.dsec.gov.mo/getAttachment/ab7d3848-5edc-4947-9d2a-8e8a97b8a7c8/C_MN_PUB_2024_Y.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Macau+in+Figures%2C+2024&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E6%9A%A8%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%B1%80%28DSEC%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsec.gov.mo%2FgetAttachment%2Fab7d3848-5edc-4947-9d2a-8e8a97b8a7c8%2FC_MN_PUB_2024_Y.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/china-macao-sar-population/">"Macao Population (2024)"</a>. <i>Worldometer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201223161739/https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/china-macao-sar-population/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Worldometer&rft.atitle=Macao+Population+%282024%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldometers.info%2Fworld-population%2Fchina-macao-sar-population%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTHandover-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTHandover_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTHandover_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLandler1999">Landler 1999</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1110">"Historic Centre of Macao"</a>. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210409164339/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1110">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Centre+of+Macao&rft.pub=United+Nations+Educational%2C+Scientific%2C+and+Cultural+Organization&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F1110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFdu_Cros2009">du Cros 2009</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShengGuP72-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP72_21-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShengGu2018">Sheng & Gu 2018</a>, p. 72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_2013+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)', World Development Indicators database"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006142025/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_2013+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27GDP+per+capita%2C+PPP+%28current+international+%24%29%27%2C+World+Development+Indicators+database&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FNY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD%3Forder%3Dwbapi_data_value_2013%2Bwbapi_data_value%2Bwbapi_data_value-last%26sort%3Ddesc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShengGuP7778-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP7778_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP7778_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShengGuP7778_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShengGu2018">Sheng & Gu 2018</a>, pp. 77–78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIALifeExpectancy-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIALifeExpectancy_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIALifeExpectancy_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">"Macau"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210124190003/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Macau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fmacau%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LandReclamation-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LandReclamation_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LandReclamation_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrydehøj2015">Grydehøj 2015</a>, p. 102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WuJinEtymology-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WuJinEtymology_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WuJinEtymology_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WuJinEtymology_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWuJin2014">Wu & Jin 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHao2011">Hao 2011</a>, pp. 12–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitmacao.com.au/macao-tourism-blog/faq/is-it-macau-or-macao/">"Is it Macau or Macao?"</a>. Visit Macao. 4 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200301045622/https://www.visitmacao.com.au/macao-tourism-blog/faq/is-it-macau-or-macao/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+it+Macau+or+Macao%3F&rft.pub=Visit+Macao&rft.date=2019-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitmacao.com.au%2Fmacao-tourism-blog%2Ffaq%2Fis-it-macau-or-macao%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChineseEtymology-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ChineseEtymology_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChineseEtymology_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHao2011">Hao 2011</a>, pp. 15–16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2018YearbookP483-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2018YearbookP483_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2018YearbookP483_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacao_Yearbook_2018">Macao Yearbook 2018</a>, p. 483.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MinahanP169-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MinahanP169_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MinahanP169_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMinahan2014">Minahan 2014</a>, p. 169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHao2011">Hao 2011</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFU.S._State_Department_Notes_on_Macau1994">U.S. State Department Notes on Macau 1994</a>, p. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hao10-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hao10_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hao10_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHao2011">Hao 2011</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HaoTamao-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HaoTamao_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HaoTamao_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHao2011">Hao 2011</a>, pp. 11–12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">p. 343–344, Denis Crispin Twitchett, John King Fairbank, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC&dq=Leonel+de+Sousa+Macau&pg=PA344"><i>The Cambridge history of China, Volume 2</i>; Volume 8</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221213141214/https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC&lpg=PA344&dq=Leonel%20de%20Sousa%20Macau&pg=PA344#v=onepage&q=Leonel%20de%20Sousa%20Macau&f=false">Archived</a> 13 December 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Cambridge University Press, 1978 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0521243335" title="Special:BookSources/0521243335">0521243335</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWills1998">Wills 1998</a>, pp. 342–344</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChan2003">Chan 2003</a>, p. 496</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Abulafia2019" class="citation book cs1">David Abulafia (2019). <i>The Boundless Sea: A Human History of the Oceans</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 638. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199934980" title="Special:BookSources/9780199934980"><bdi>9780199934980</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boundless+Sea%3A+A+Human+History+of+the+Oceans&rft.pages=638&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9780199934980&rft.au=David+Abulafia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mendes10-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mendes10_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMendes2013">Mendes 2013</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWills1998">Wills 1998</a>, p. 348</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGarrett2010">Garrett 2010</a>, pp. 11–13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLourido2000">Lourido 2000</a>, p. 211</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter1993">Porter 1993</a>, p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSitCremerWong1991">Sit, Cremer & Wong 1991</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHao2011">Hao 2011</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZhihong2006">Zhihong 2006</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZhihong2006">Zhihong 2006</a>, pp. 8–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Sousa2009">de Sousa 2009</a>, p. 77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Sousa2009">de Sousa 2009</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Sousa2009">de Sousa 2009</a>, pp. 77–78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSitCremerWong1991">Sit, Cremer & Wong 1991</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSitCremerWong1991">Sit, Cremer & Wong 1991</a>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Sousa2009">de Sousa 2009</a>, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-deSousa79-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-deSousa79_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-deSousa79_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Sousa2009">de Sousa 2009</a>, p. 79.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLuke2000">Luke 2000</a>, p. 723.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLuke2000">Luke 2000</a>, pp. 723–724.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chan2003Republic-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chan2003Republic_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chan2003Republic_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChan2003">Chan 2003</a>, pp. 497–498.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGarrett2010">Garrett 2010</a>, p. 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter1993">Porter 1993</a>, p. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChan2003">Chan 2003</a>, p. 498.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSitCremerWong1991">Sit, Cremer & Wong 1991</a>, p. 175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMendes2013">Mendes 2013</a>, pp. 7, 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPorter1993">Porter 1993</a>, pp. 11–12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLi2016">Li 2016</a>, p. 522.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/commentary/macau-china-one-country-two-systems-hong-kong-protest-xi-taiwan-12296344">"Commentary: Macau, China's other One Country, Two Systems model, seems to be working just fine"</a>. <i>CNA</i>. 2 February 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202125730/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/commentary/macau-china-one-country-two-systems-hong-kong-protest-xi-taiwan-12296344">Archived</a> from the original on 2 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNA&rft.atitle=Commentary%3A+Macau%2C+China%27s+other+One+Country%2C+Two+Systems+model%2C+seems+to+be+working+just+fine&rft.date=2020-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fnews%2Fcommentary%2Fmacau-china-one-country-two-systems-hong-kong-protest-xi-taiwan-12296344&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKwongWong2017">Kwong & Wong 2017</a>, pp. 123–124</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CastellucciBLFundamentals-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CastellucciBLFundamentals_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CastellucciBLFundamentals_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCastellucci2012">Castellucci 2012</a>, pp. 674–675.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChan2003">Chan 2003</a>, pp. 506–507.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrebs2000">Krebs 2000</a>, pp. 122–124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCastellucci2012">Castellucci 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class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasic_Law">Basic Law</a> Chapter IV Article 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasic_Law">Basic Law</a> Chapter IV Article 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasic_Law">Basic Law</a> Chapter VIII Article 143.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBasic_Law">Basic Law</a> Chapter IV Article 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChief_Executive_Election_Results2014">Chief Executive Election Results 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ESCAP+Member+States+and+Associate+Members&rft.pub=United+Nations+Economic+and+Social+Commission+for+Asia+and+the+Pacific&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unescap.org%2Fabout%2Fmember-states&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fmcoprc.gov.mo/eng/ytygjzz/tyyflsw/314/t241610.htm">"List of Agreements Concluded by the Macao SAR Government under Authorization by the Central People's Government"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_in_the_Macao_Special_Administrative_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in the Macao Special Administrative Region">Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in the Macao Special Administrative Region</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124542/http://www.fmcoprc.gov.mo/eng/ytygjzz/tyyflsw/314/t241610.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2020</span>. <q>Mais difícil será, na perspectiva de Murade Murargy, urna eventual adesáo á CPLP de territorios, como a Regiáo Administrativa Especial de Macau ou a Galiza, ou, por outro lado, de comunidades luso-descendentes espalhadas pela Asia: "Isso nao, porque os territorios estáo dentro de países", afirmou Murargy, que lembrou no entanto que a China tem utilizado a Regiáo Administrativa Especial de Macau como urna plataforma para a cooperacáo com os países lusófonos, através do Fórum Macau</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pontofinalmacau.wordpress.com&rft.atitle=Ades%C3%A1o+de+Macau+%C3%A1+CPLP+%C3%A9+quest%C3%A1o+complicada%2C+diz+Murargy&rft.date=2016-10-29&rft.aulast=Murargy&rft.aufirst=Murade&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpontofinalmacau.wordpress.com%2F2016%2F10%2F29%2Fadesao-de-macau-a-cplp-e-questao-complicada-diz-murargy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComunidade_dos_Países_de_Língua_Portuguesa2011" class="citation web cs1">Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (5 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cplp.org/id-4447.aspx?Action=1&NewsId=1732&currentPage=73&M=NewsV2&PID=10872">"Notícia - Seminário Festlatino de Macau"</a>. <i>www.cplp.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220526110006/https://www.cplp.org/id-4447.aspx?Action=1&NewsId=1732&currentPage=73&M=NewsV2&PID=10872">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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City University of HK Press. p. 316. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9629372071" title="Special:BookSources/978-9629372071"><bdi>978-9629372071</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907221027/https://books.google.com/books?id=FbDIBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA316#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Macau Business, July 2016, pp. 72–73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLong2015">Long 2015</a>, p. 389.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LongMacauFood-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LongMacauFood_182-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LongMacauFood_182-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLong2015">Long 2015</a>, p. 390.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLong2015">Long 2015</a>, p. 391.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShadbolt2013" class="citation web cs1">Shadbolt, Peter (7 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://travel.cnn.com/macau-grand-prix-737446/">"Macau Grand Prix: The final exam for racers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131107172825/http://travel.cnn.com/macau-grand-prix-737446/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Macau+Grand+Prix%3A+The+final+exam+for+racers&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2013-11-07&rft.aulast=Shadbolt&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftravel.cnn.com%2Fmacau-grand-prix-737446%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMallonHeijmans2011">Mallon & Heijmans 2011</a>, p. 211.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IAM_Exchanges-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IAM_Exchanges_186-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAM_Exchanges_186-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAM_Exchanges_186-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iam.gov.mo/files/exchange_e.pdf">"Exchanges Between IACM and Other Cities"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Civic_and_Municipal_Affairs_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau">Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209124611/https://www.iam.gov.mo/files/exchange_e.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Exchanges+Between+IACM+and+Other+Cities&rft.pub=Civic+and+Municipal+Affairs+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iam.gov.mo%2Ffiles%2Fexchange_e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_Information_Bureau2018" class="citation web cs1">Government Information Bureau (9 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.mo/en/news/95781/">"Macao, Thailand's Phuket Sign Twinning Arrangement"</a>. <i>Macao SAR Government Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191212022600/https://www.gov.mo/en/news/95781/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Macao+SAR+Government+Portal&rft.atitle=Macao%2C+Thailand%27s+Phuket+Sign+Twinning+Arrangement&rft.date=2018-05-09&rft.au=Government+Information+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.mo%2Fen%2Fnews%2F95781%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uccla.pt/">"UCCLA"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171113014425/http://www.uccla.pt/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCCLA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uccla.pt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Government_reports">Government reports</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Government reports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopulation_By-Census2016" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsec.gov.mo/getAttachment/e20c6bab-ada4-4f83-9349-e72605674a42/E_ICEN_PUB_2016_Y.aspx">2016 Population By-Census Detailed Results</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_and_Census_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistics and Census Service">Statistics and Census Service</a>. 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July 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180024/https://www.gcs.gov.mo/files/factsheet/External_EN.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=External+Relations&rft.pub=Government+Information+Bureau&rft.date=2018-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gcs.gov.mo%2Ffiles%2Ffactsheet%2FExternal_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHealthcare_Facts2018" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gcs.gov.mo/files/factsheet/Health_EN.pdf">Healthcare</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). Government Information Bureau. July 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411211411/https://www.gcs.gov.mo/files/factsheet/Health_EN.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 11 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Healthcare&rft.pub=Government+Information+Bureau&rft.date=2018-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gcs.gov.mo%2Ffiles%2Ffactsheet%2FHealth_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacao_in_Figures2021" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsec.gov.mo//getAttachment/b975a2eb-f733-43f7-b519-4d4dc6f74e2a/E_MN_PUB_2021_Y.aspx">Macao in Figures, 2021</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_and_Census_Service_(Macau)" title="Statistics and Census Service (Macau)">Statistics and Census Service (Macau)</a>. p. 4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410134913/https://www.dsec.gov.mo//getAttachment/b975a2eb-f733-43f7-b519-4d4dc6f74e2a/E_MN_PUB_2021_Y.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Macao+in+Figures%2C+2021&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Statistics+and+Census+Service+%28Macau%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsec.gov.mo%2F%2FgetAttachment%2Fb975a2eb-f733-43f7-b519-4d4dc6f74e2a%2FE_MN_PUB_2021_Y.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacao_Industrial_Structure2017" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsec.gov.mo/getAttachment/e901961f-cc6e-49fe-b153-69517eda334a/E_PIBP_FR_2017_Y.aspx">Macao Industrial Structure</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_and_Census_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistics and Census Service">Statistics and Census Service</a>. November 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190213064213/https://www.dsec.gov.mo/getAttachment/e901961f-cc6e-49fe-b153-69517eda334a/E_PIBP_FR_2017_Y.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Macao+Industrial+Structure&rft.pub=Statistics+and+Census+Service&rft.date=2018-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsec.gov.mo%2FgetAttachment%2Fe901961f-cc6e-49fe-b153-69517eda334a%2FE_PIBP_FR_2017_Y.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacau_USDA_Report2018" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Macau%20Food%20and%20Agricultural%20Import%20Regulations%20and%20Standards%20Report_Hong%20Kong_Hong%20Kong_7-6-2018.pdf">Macau Food and Agricultural Import Regulations and Standards Report</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a>. 6 July 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411211400/https://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Macau%20Food%20and%20Agricultural%20Import%20Regulations%20and%20Standards%20Report_Hong%20Kong_Hong%20Kong_7-6-2018.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 11 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Macau+Food+and+Agricultural+Import+Regulations+and+Standards+Report&rft.pub=United+States+Department+of+Agriculture&rft.date=2018-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgain.fas.usda.gov%2FRecent%2520GAIN%2520Publications%2FMacau%2520Food%2520and%2520Agricultural%2520Import%2520Regulations%2520and%2520Standards%2520Report_Hong%2520Kong_Hong%2520Kong_7-6-2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonetary_Authority_Annual_Report2017" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amcm.gov.mo/files/research_and_stats/annual_reports/2017/en/ii.2.2.pdf">"Public finance"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amcm.gov.mo/en/research-statistics/annual-reports/year-2017">Annual Report 2017</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Monetary_Authority_of_Macao" title="Monetary Authority of Macao">Monetary Authority of Macao</a>. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142716/https://www.amcm.gov.mo/en/research-statistics/annual-reports/year-2017">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Annual+Report+2017&rft.pub=Monetary+Authority+of+Macao&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amcm.gov.mo%2Ffiles%2Fresearch_and_stats%2Fannual_reports%2F2017%2Fen%2Fii.2.2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLegislative_Assembly_Election_Results2017" class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/2017/39/out-1-39-1-2017.pdf">Resultado da Eleição dos Deputados à Assembleia Legislativa da Região Administrativa Especial de Macau por Sufrágio Directo e Indirecto</a> [Result of the Election of Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Macao Special Administrative Region by Direct and Indirect Suffrage] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report) (in Portuguese). Electoral Affairs Commission. 26 September 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180402/https://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/2017/39/out-1-39-1-2017.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Resultado+da+Elei%C3%A7%C3%A3o+dos+Deputados+%C3%A0+Assembleia+Legislativa+da+Regi%C3%A3o+Administrativa+Especial+de+Macau+por+Sufr%C3%A1gio+Directo+e+Indirecto&rft.pub=Electoral+Affairs+Commission&rft.date=2017-09-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.io.gov.mo%2Fbo%2Fi%2F2017%2F39%2Fout-1-39-1-2017.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTourism_Statistics2017" class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dsec.gov.mo/getAttachment/1bb88665-4d4a-45bb-be90-c2f450bbe762/E_TUR_PUB_2017_Y.aspx">Tourism Statistics</a> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_and_Census_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistics and Census Service">Statistics and Census Service</a>. April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190213064217/https://www.dsec.gov.mo/getAttachment/1bb88665-4d4a-45bb-be90-c2f450bbe762/E_TUR_PUB_2017_Y.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Tourism+Statistics&rft.pub=Statistics+and+Census+Service&rft.date=2018-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dsec.gov.mo%2FgetAttachment%2F1bb88665-4d4a-45bb-be90-c2f450bbe762%2FE_TUR_PUB_2017_Y.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Academic_publications">Academic publications</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Academic publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastellucci2012" class="citation journal cs1">Castellucci, Ignazio (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7202%2F1013028ar">"Legal Hybridity in Hong Kong and Macau"</a>. <i>Journal of Contemporary China</i>. <b>57</b> (4): 665–720. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7202%2F1013028ar">10.7202/1013028ar</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0024-9041">0024-9041</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contemporary+China&rft.atitle=Legal+Hybridity+in+Hong+Kong+and+Macau&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=665-720&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7202%2F1013028ar&rft.issn=0024-9041&rft.aulast=Castellucci&rft.aufirst=Ignazio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.7202%252F1013028ar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChan2003" class="citation journal cs1">Chan, Ming K. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2cf9/860dfb7365dd9b5349b3e3bcafdb4a50ea75.pdf">"Different Roads to Home: The Retrocession of Hong Kong and Macau to Chinese Sovereignty"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Journal of Contemporary China</i>. <b>12</b> (36): 493–518. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10670560305473">10.1080/10670560305473</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:925886">925886</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180624150332/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2cf9/860dfb7365dd9b5349b3e3bcafdb4a50ea75.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 24 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contemporary+China&rft.atitle=Different+Roads+to+Home%3A+The+Retrocession+of+Hong+Kong+and+Macau+to+Chinese+Sovereignty&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=36&rft.pages=493-518&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F10670560305473&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A925886%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Ming+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpdfs.semanticscholar.org%2F2cf9%2F860dfb7365dd9b5349b3e3bcafdb4a50ea75.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChanLeongLukYeung2010" class="citation journal cs1">Chan, Moon Fai; Leong, Sok Man; Luk, Andrew Leung; Yeung, Siu Ming; Van, Iat Kio (February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02902.x">"Exploring the profiles of nurses' job satisfaction in Macau: results of a cluster analysis"</a>. <i>Journal of Clinical Nursing</i>. <b>19</b> (3–4): 470–478. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2702.2009.02902.x">10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02902.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0962-1067">0962-1067</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19886871">19886871</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240907221109/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.02902.x">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Clinical+Nursing&rft.atitle=Exploring+the+profiles+of+nurses%27+job+satisfaction+in+Macau%3A+results+of+a+cluster+analysis&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=470-478&rft.date=2010-02&rft.issn=0962-1067&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19886871&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2702.2009.02902.x&rft.aulast=Chan&rft.aufirst=Moon+Fai&rft.au=Leong%2C+Sok+Man&rft.au=Luk%2C+Andrew+Leung&rft.au=Yeung%2C+Siu+Ming&rft.au=Van%2C+Iat+Kio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2702.2009.02902.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Sousa2009" class="citation thesis cs1">de Sousa, Trigo (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/886038/68067_11.pdf">"Macau in the Colonial Period (1557–1949)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Regional Integration and Differentiation in a Globalizing China: The Blending of Government and Business in Post-Colonial Macau</i> (PhD thesis). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Amsterdam" title="University of Amsterdam">University of Amsterdam</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190214174406/https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/886038/68067_11.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"The Transformation of Macau". <i>Pacific Affairs</i>. <b>66</b> (1): 7–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2760013">10.2307/2760013</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2760013">2760013</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Affairs&rft.atitle=The+Transformation+of+Macau&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=7-20&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2760013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2760013%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShengGu2018" class="citation journal cs1">Sheng, Mingjie; Gu, Chaolin (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cities.2018.01.003">"Economic Growth and Development in Macau (1999–2016): The Role of the Booming Gaming Industry"</a>. <i>Cities</i>. <b>75</b>: 72–80. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cities.2018.01.003">10.1016/j.cities.2018.01.003</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cities&rft.atitle=Economic+Growth+and+Development+in+Macau+%281999%E2%80%932016%29%3A+The+Role+of+the+Booming+Gaming+Industry&rft.volume=75&rft.pages=72-80&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.cities.2018.01.003&rft.aulast=Sheng&rft.aufirst=Mingjie&rft.au=Gu%2C+Chaolin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.cities.2018.01.003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShengTangGrydehøj2017" class="citation journal cs1">Sheng, Ni; Tang, U Wa; Grydehøj, Adam (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.24043%2Fisj.25">"Urban Morphology and Urban Fragmentation in Macau, China: Island City Development in the Pearl River Delta Megacity Region"</a>. <i>Island Studies Journal</i>. <b>12</b> (2): 199–212. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.24043%2Fisj.25">10.24043/isj.25</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Island+Studies+Journal&rft.atitle=Urban+Morphology+and+Urban+Fragmentation+in+Macau%2C+China%3A+Island+City+Development+in+the+Pearl+River+Delta+Megacity+Region&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=199-212&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.24043%2Fisj.25&rft.aulast=Sheng&rft.aufirst=Ni&rft.au=Tang%2C+U+Wa&rft.au=Grydeh%C3%B8j%2C+Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.24043%252Fisj.25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSit1991" class="citation journal cs1">Sit, Victor F.S. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.22439%2Fcjas.v6i1.1799">"Evolution of Macau's Economy and Its Export-Oriented Industries"</a>. <i>Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies</i>. <b>6</b>: 63–88. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.22439%2Fcjas.v6i1.1799">10.22439/cjas.v6i1.1799</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Copenhagen+Journal+of+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+Macau%27s+Economy+and+Its+Export-Oriented+Industries&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=63-88&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.22439%2Fcjas.v6i1.1799&rft.aulast=Sit&rft.aufirst=Victor+F.S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.22439%252Fcjas.v6i1.1799&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTangBray2000" class="citation journal cs1">Tang, Kwok-Chun; Bray, Mark (2000). "Colonial Models and the Evolution of Education Systems: Centralization and Decentralization in Hong Kong and Macau". <i>Journal of Educational Administration</i>. <b>38</b> (5): 468–485. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2F09578230010378368">10.1108/09578230010378368</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10722%2F42080">10722/42080</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Educational+Administration&rft.atitle=Colonial+Models+and+the+Evolution+of+Education+Systems%3A+Centralization+and+Decentralization+in+Hong+Kong+and+Macau&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=468-485&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10722%2F42080&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2F09578230010378368&rft.aulast=Tang&rft.aufirst=Kwok-Chun&rft.au=Bray%2C+Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTengSiuLoFong2017" class="citation journal cs1">Teng, Lawrence Iat Loi; Siu, Amy Ian So; Lo, Iris Sheungting; Fong, Lawrence Hoc Nang (2017). "Does the Quality of Tourist Shuttles Influence Revisit Intention Through Destination Image and Satisfaction? The Case of Macao". <i>Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management</i>. <b>32</b>: 115–123. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jhtm.2017.06.002">10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.06.002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hospitality+and+Tourism+Management&rft.atitle=Does+the+Quality+of+Tourist+Shuttles+Influence+Revisit+Intention+Through+Destination+Image+and+Satisfaction%3F+The+Case+of+Macao&rft.volume=32&rft.pages=115-123&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jhtm.2017.06.002&rft.aulast=Teng&rft.aufirst=Lawrence+Iat+Loi&rft.au=Siu%2C+Amy+Ian+So&rft.au=Lo%2C+Iris+Sheungting&rft.au=Fong%2C+Lawrence+Hoc+Nang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYuChin2012" class="citation journal cs1">Yu, Elio Wing-yat; Chin, Natalie Ka-man (2012). "The Political Opposition and Democracy in Macao: Revolutionaries or Loyalists?". <i>Government and Opposition</i>. <b>47</b> (1): 97–116. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1477-7053.2011.01356.x">10.1111/j.1477-7053.2011.01356.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26350258">26350258</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145507276">145507276</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Government+and+Opposition&rft.atitle=The+Political+Opposition+and+Democracy+in+Macao%3A+Revolutionaries+or+Loyalists%3F&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=97-116&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145507276%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26350258%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1477-7053.2011.01356.x&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Elio+Wing-yat&rft.au=Chin%2C+Natalie+Ka-man&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legislation">Legislation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Legislation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFBasic_Law"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cecc.gov/resources/legal-provisions/the-basic-law-of-the-macao-macau-special-administrative-region-of-the-prc">Basic Law</a></cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFConstitution_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asianlii.org/mo/legis/laws/cotproc424/">Constitution of the People's Republic of China</a></cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFLaw_No._9/2018,_Creation_of_the_Institute_for_Municipal_Affairs"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/2018/31/lei-9-2018.pdf">Criação do Instituto para os Assuntos Municipais</a> [Creation of the Institute for Municipal Affairs] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (9) (in Portuguese). 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209232055/https://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/2018/31/lei-9-2018.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Cria%C3%A7%C3%A3o+do+Instituto+para+os+Assuntos+Municipais&rft.date=2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.io.gov.mo%2Fbo%2Fi%2F2018%2F31%2Flei-9-2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209232055/https://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/2018/31/lei-9-2018.pdf">Archived</a> 9 February 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></cite></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><cite class="citation wikicite" id="CITEREFLaw_No._8/1999,_Law_about_Permanent_Resident_and_Right_of_Abode_in_the_Macao_Special_Administrative_Region"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/1999/01/lei-8-1999.pdf">Lei sobre Residente Permanente e Direito de Residência na Região Administrativa Especial de Macau</a> [Law about Permanent Resident and Right of Abode in the Macao Special Administrative Region] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (8) (in Portuguese). 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411211418/https://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/1999/01/lei-8-1999.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 11 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Lei+sobre+Residente+Permanente+e+Direito+de+Resid%C3%AAncia+na+Regi%C3%A3o+Administrativa+Especial+de+Macau&rft.date=1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.io.gov.mo%2Fbo%2Fi%2F1999%2F01%2Flei-8-1999.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190411211418/https://images.io.gov.mo/bo/i/1999/01/lei-8-1999.pdf">Archived</a> 11 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></cite></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Print">Print</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Print"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrett2010" class="citation book cs1">Garrett, Richard J. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=24Wxr5vL1YcC"><i>The Defences of Macau: Forts, Ships and Weapons over 450 years</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_University_Press" title="Hong Kong University Press">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-988-8028-49-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-988-8028-49-8"><bdi>978-988-8028-49-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142833/https://books.google.com/books?id=24Wxr5vL1YcC">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Defences+of+Macau%3A+Forts%2C+Ships+and+Weapons+over+450+years&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-988-8028-49-8&rft.aulast=Garrett&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D24Wxr5vL1YcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHao2011" class="citation book cs1">Hao, Zhidong (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LP9q1dzVRYQC"><i>Macau History and Society</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_University_Press" title="Hong Kong University Press">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-988-8028-54-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-988-8028-54-2"><bdi>978-988-8028-54-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142836/https://books.google.com/books?id=LP9q1dzVRYQC">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Macau+History+and+Society&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-988-8028-54-2&rft.aulast=Hao&rft.aufirst=Zhidong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLP9q1dzVRYQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLong2015" class="citation book cs1">Long, Lucy M. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DBzYCQAAQBAJ"><i>Ethnic American Food Today: A Cultural Encyclopedia</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-2730-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-2730-9"><bdi>978-1-4422-2730-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142837/https://books.google.com/books?id=DBzYCQAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+American+Food+Today%3A+A+Cultural+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-2730-9&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=Lucy+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDBzYCQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLourido2000" class="citation book cs1">Lourido, Rui D'Avila (2000). "The Impact of the Silk Trade: Macau – Manila, from the Beginning to 1640". In Elisseeff, Vadime (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nVVoRKSZxagC"><i>The Silk Roads: Highways of Culture and Commerce</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Berghahn_Books" title="Berghahn Books">Berghahn Books</a>. pp. 209–247. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57181-222-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57181-222-3"><bdi>978-1-57181-222-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142838/https://books.google.com/books?id=nVVoRKSZxagC">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Impact+of+the+Silk+Trade%3A+Macau+%E2%80%93+Manila%2C+from+the+Beginning+to+1640&rft.btitle=The+Silk+Roads%3A+Highways+of+Culture+and+Commerce&rft.pages=209-247&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-57181-222-3&rft.aulast=Lourido&rft.aufirst=Rui+D%27Avila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnVVoRKSZxagC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacao_Yearbook_2018" class="citation book cs1">Macao Yearbook Editorial Team (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yearbook.gcs.gov.mo/uploads/yearbook_pdf/2018/myb2018e.pdf"><i>Macao Yearbook</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government Information Bureau. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-999-3756-44-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-999-3756-44-6"><bdi>978-999-3756-44-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190220181341/http://yearbook.gcs.gov.mo/uploads/yearbook_pdf/2018/myb2018e.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 20 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Macao+Yearbook&rft.pub=Government+Information+Bureau&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-999-3756-44-6&rft.au=Macao+Yearbook+Editorial+Team&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fyearbook.gcs.gov.mo%2Fuploads%2Fyearbook_pdf%2F2018%2Fmyb2018e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMallonHeijmans2011" class="citation book cs1">Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jeroen (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9mM0XzW03AcC"><i>Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7249-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7249-3"><bdi>978-0-8108-7249-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142928/https://books.google.com/books?id=9mM0XzW03AcC">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Olympic+Movement&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7249-3&rft.aulast=Mallon&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.au=Heijmans%2C+Jeroen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9mM0XzW03AcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcManus2004" class="citation book cs1">McManus, Chris (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=20oza63ZuG4C"><i>Right Hand, Left Hand: The Origins of Asymmetry in Brains, Bodies, Atoms and Cultures</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-067-4016-13-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-067-4016-13-2"><bdi>978-067-4016-13-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142927/https://books.google.com/books?id=20oza63ZuG4C">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Right+Hand%2C+Left+Hand%3A+The+Origins+of+Asymmetry+in+Brains%2C+Bodies%2C+Atoms+and+Cultures&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-067-4016-13-2&rft.aulast=McManus&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D20oza63ZuG4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendes2013" class="citation book cs1">Mendes, Carmen Amado (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kebmyB-5-IYC"><i>Portugal, China and the Macau Negotiations, 1986–1999</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_University_Press" title="Hong Kong University Press">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-988-8139-00-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-988-8139-00-2"><bdi>978-988-8139-00-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190223023934/https://books.google.com/books?id=kebmyB-5-IYC">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Portugal%2C+China+and+the+Macau+Negotiations%2C+1986%E2%80%931999&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-988-8139-00-2&rft.aulast=Mendes&rft.aufirst=Carmen+Amado&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkebmyB-5-IYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinahan2014" class="citation book cs1">Minahan, James B. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oZCOAwAAQBAJ"><i>Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-017-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61069-017-1"><bdi>978-1-61069-017-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607133434/https://books.google.com/books?id=oZCOAwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Groups+of+North%2C+East%2C+and+Central+Asia%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-61069-017-1&rft.aulast=Minahan&rft.aufirst=James+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoZCOAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSitCremerWong1991" class="citation book cs1">Sit, V.F.S.; Cremer, R.; Wong, S.L. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ySvxAQAAQBAJ"><i>Entrepreneurs and Enterprises in Macau: A Study of Industrial Development</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_University_Press" title="Hong Kong University Press">Hong Kong University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/962-209-206-3" title="Special:BookSources/962-209-206-3"><bdi>962-209-206-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190223023934/https://books.google.com/books?id=ySvxAQAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Entrepreneurs+and+Enterprises+in+Macau%3A+A+Study+of+Industrial+Development&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=962-209-206-3&rft.aulast=Sit&rft.aufirst=V.F.S.&rft.au=Cremer%2C+R.&rft.au=Wong%2C+S.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DySvxAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2018" class="citation book cs1">Wang, Zhenmin (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f3dvDwAAQBAJ"><i>Relationship Between the Chinese Central Authorities and Regional Governments of Hong Kong and Macao: A Legal Perspective</i></a>. China Academic Library. Springer. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-981-13-2322-5">10.1007/978-981-13-2322-5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-13-2320-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-13-2320-1"><bdi>978-981-13-2320-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:198105937">198105937</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142930/https://books.google.com/books?id=f3dvDwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Relationship+Between+the+Chinese+Central+Authorities+and+Regional+Governments+of+Hong+Kong+and+Macao%3A+A+Legal+Perspective&rft.series=China+Academic+Library&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A198105937%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-981-13-2322-5&rft.isbn=978-981-13-2320-1&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Zhenmin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df3dvDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWills1998" class="citation book cs1">Wills, John E. (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC">"Relations with Maritime Europe, 1514–1662"</a>. In Twitchett, Denis; Mote, Frederick W. (eds.). <i>The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644</i>. Vol. 2. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 333–375. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCHOL9780521243339.009">10.1017/CHOL9780521243339.009</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-24333-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-24333-9"><bdi>978-0-521-24333-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190502110612/https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC">Archived</a> from the original on 2 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Relations+with+Maritime+Europe%2C+1514%E2%80%931662&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+China%3A+Volume+8%2C+The+Ming+Dynasty%2C+1368%E2%80%931644&rft.pages=333-375&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCHOL9780521243339.009&rft.isbn=978-0-521-24333-9&rft.aulast=Wills&rft.aufirst=John+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtVhvh6ibLJcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWuJin2014" class="citation book cs1">Wu, Zhiliang; Jin, Guoping (2014). "The Evolution of Spellings of 'Macau': An Examination of Early Portuguese and Western Archival Materials.". In Wong, Katrine K.; Wei, C.X. George (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5SJrAQAAQBAJ"><i>Macao – Cultural Interaction and Literary Representations</i></a>. Routledge. pp. 147–168. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-62586-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-62586-9"><bdi>978-0-415-62586-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408142931/https://books.google.com/books?id=5SJrAQAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Evolution+of+Spellings+of+%27Macau%27%3A+An+Examination+of+Early+Portuguese+and+Western+Archival+Materials.&rft.btitle=Macao+%E2%80%93+Cultural+Interaction+and+Literary+Representations&rft.pages=147-168&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-415-62586-9&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Zhiliang&rft.au=Jin%2C+Guoping&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5SJrAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhihong2006" class="citation book cs1">Zhihong, Shi (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mLBgaa8d4aMC">"China's Overseas Trade Policy and Its Historical Results: 1522–1840"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Heita_Kawakatsu" title="Heita Kawakatsu">Latham, A.J.H.</a>; Kawakatsu, Heita (eds.). <i>Intra-Asian Trade and the World Market</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. pp. 4–23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-37207-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-37207-7"><bdi>978-0-415-37207-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200522050315/https://books.google.com/books?id=mLBgaa8d4aMC">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=China%27s+Overseas+Trade+Policy+and+Its+Historical+Results%3A+1522%E2%80%931840&rft.btitle=Intra-Asian+Trade+and+the+World+Market&rft.pages=4-23&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-37207-7&rft.aulast=Zhihong&rft.aufirst=Shi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmLBgaa8d4aMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="News_articles">News articles</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: News articles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeitler2019" class="citation news cs1">Beitler, Daniel (4 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://macaudailytimes.com.mo/macau-the-state-of-land-reclamation.html">"The State of Land Reclamation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Macau_Daily_Times" title="Macau Daily Times">Macau Daily Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190215155958/https://macaudailytimes.com.mo/macau-the-state-of-land-reclamation.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Macau+Daily+Times&rft.atitle=The+State+of+Land+Reclamation&rft.date=2019-01-04&rft.aulast=Beitler&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmacaudailytimes.com.mo%2Fmacau-the-state-of-land-reclamation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffithsLazarus2018" class="citation news cs1">Griffiths, James; Lazarus, Sarah (22 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/21/world/hong-kong-zhuhai-macau-bridge-intl/index.html">"World's Longest Sea-Crossing Bridge Opens Between Hong Kong and China"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190216094145/https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/21/world/hong-kong-zhuhai-macau-bridge-intl/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=World%27s+Longest+Sea-Crossing+Bridge+Opens+Between+Hong+Kong+and+China&rft.date=2018-10-22&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Lazarus%2C+Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F10%2F21%2Fworld%2Fhong-kong-zhuhai-macau-bridge-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHo2018" class="citation news cs1">Ho, Maggie (31 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1415522-20180831.htm">"Beijing Considers Letting Hk Residents Join PLA"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RTHK" title="RTHK">RTHK</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190307173722/https://news.rthk.hk/rthk/en/component/k2/1415522-20180831.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Beijing+Considers+Letting+Hk+Residents+Join+PLA&rft.date=2018-08-31&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Maggie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.rthk.hk%2Frthk%2Fen%2Fcomponent%2Fk2%2F1415522-20180831.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandler1999" class="citation news cs1">Landler, Mark (20 December 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/20/world/portugal-lowers-its-flag-handing-macao-to-china.html">"Portugal Lowers Its Flag, Handing Macao to China"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407183221/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/20/world/portugal-lowers-its-flag-handing-macao-to-china.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Portugal+Lowers+Its+Flag%2C+Handing+Macao+to+China&rft.date=1999-12-20&rft.aulast=Landler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F12%2F20%2Fworld%2Fportugal-lowers-its-flag-handing-macao-to-china.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMokNg2015" class="citation news cs1">Mok, Danny; Ng, Teddy (17 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1892248/green-light-given-extend-macau-administrative-area">"Macau to Extend Land and Sea Administrative Area"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190417160322/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1892248/green-light-given-extend-macau-administrative-area">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Macau+to+Extend+Land+and+Sea+Administrative+Area&rft.date=2015-12-17&rft.aulast=Mok&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft.au=Ng%2C+Teddy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fnews%2Fchina%2Farticle%2F1892248%2Fgreen-light-given-extend-macau-administrative-area&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYiu2010" class="citation news cs1">Yiu, Enoch (20 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scmp.com/article/725260/macaus-buildings-safe-culture-collapsing">"Macau's Buildings Safe, but Culture Collapsing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190226111400/https://www.scmp.com/article/725260/macaus-buildings-safe-culture-collapsing">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Macau%27s+Buildings+Safe%2C+but+Culture+Collapsing&rft.date=2010-09-20&rft.aulast=Yiu&rft.aufirst=Enoch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Farticle%2F725260%2Fmacaus-buildings-safe-culture-collapsing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMacau" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macau&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Macau</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Macau" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Macau">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E9%96%80" class="extiw" title="c:澳門">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Macau" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Macau">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Macau" class="extiw" title="q:Macau">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Macau" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Macau">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Pinyin/Macau" class="extiw" title="b:Pinyin/Macau">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Macau" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Macau">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Macau" class="extiw" title="voy:Macau">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">Macau</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210124190003/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/macau/">Archived</a> 24 January 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-16599919">Macau</a> from <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li></ul> <p><b>Government</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.mo/en/">Gov.MO</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190214172241/https://www.gov.mo/en/">Archived</a> 14 February 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Macau SAR Government Portal.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.macaotourism.gov.mo/en/">Macao Government Tourism Office</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231006121823/https://www.macaotourism.gov.mo/en">Archived</a> 6 October 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.gov.mo/home/en">Macau SAR News</a></li></ul> <p><b>Trade</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/MAC/Year/2016/Summary">World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Macao</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123734/https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/MAC/Year/2016/Summary">Archived</a> 9 February 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <p><b>Maps</b> </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Macau" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Macau">Wikimedia Atlas of Macau</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/1867188">Macau</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Macau" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Macau_topics" title="Template:Macau topics"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Macau_topics" title="Template talk:Macau topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Macau_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Macau topics"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Macau" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Macau</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Macau" title="History of Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">History</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_buildings_and_structures_in_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="List of oldest buildings and structures in Macau">Historic structures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fern%C3%A3o_Pires_de_Andrade" title="Fernão Pires de Andrade">Fernão Pires de Andrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Elliot" title="Charles Elliot">Charles Elliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Ljungstedt" title="Anders Ljungstedt">Anders Ljungstedt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Portuguese Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Macau" title="Governor of Macau">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Macau" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Macau">Postal history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Portuguese_Macau" title="Military of Portuguese Macau">Military of Portuguese Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handover_of_Macau" title="Handover of Macau">Handover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Macau" title="Geography of Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Geography</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Peninsula" title="Macau Peninsula">Macau Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">Coloane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Taipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotai" title="Cotai">Cotai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Macau" title="University of Macau">UM Hengqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Macau" title="List of birds of Macau">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:MO" title="ISO 3166-2:MO">Geocode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities of Macau">Municipalities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Macau" title="Politics of Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Politics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Basic_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Macau Basic Law">Basic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_Against_Corruption_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission Against Corruption (Macau)">Commission Against Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Macau" title="Elections in Macau">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Macau" title="Foreign relations of Macau">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Macau#Gaming_law" title="Gambling in Macau">Gaming law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_independence" title="Macau independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_system_of_Macau" title="Legal system of Macau">Legal system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Macau" title="Legislative Assembly of Macau">Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Macau">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Council_of_Macau" title="Municipal Council of Macau">Municipal Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_the_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipality of the Islands">Municipality of the Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_country,_two_systems" title="One country, two systems">One country, two systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Macau" title="List of political parties in Macau">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Declaration_on_the_Question_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau">Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Macau" title="Government of Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Government</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Administration_and_Justice_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Administration and Justice (Macau)">Administration and Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Economy_and_Finance_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Economy and Finance (Macau)">Economy and Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Security_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Security (Macau)">Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Social_Affairs_and_Culture_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Social Affairs and Culture (Macau)">Social Affairs and Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Transport_and_Public_Works_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Transport and Public Works (Macau)">Transport and Public Works</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Macau" title="Economy of Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Economy</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_and_Macau_Closer_Economic_Partnership_Arrangement" title="Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement">Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_in_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies in Macau">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Hengqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Macau" title="Immigration to Macau">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monetary_Authority_of_Macao" title="Monetary Authority of Macao">Monetary Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_pataca" title="Macanese pataca">Pataca <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Macau" title="Telecommunications in Macau">Telecommunications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Macau" title="Tourism in Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Tourism</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canidrome_(Macau)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canidrome (Macau)">Canidrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Macau" title="Gambling in Macau">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individual_Visit_Scheme" title="Individual Visit Scheme">Individual Visit Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Tower" title="Macau Tower">Macau Tower</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Macau" title="Transport in Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Transport</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Macau#Air" title="Transport in Macau">Air</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airlines_of_Macau" title="List of airlines of Macau">Airlines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Macau" title="Air Macau">Air Macau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_International_Airport" title="Macau International Airport">Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong-Macau_Ferry_Pier,_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong-Macau Ferry Pier, Macau">Ferry Pier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Light_Transit_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Macau Light Transit System">Mass transit system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Macau#Road" title="Transport in Macau">Road</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Macau" title="List of roads in Macau">List of Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Zhuhai%E2%80%93Macau_Bridge" title="Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge">Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reolian_Public_Transport_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Reolian Public Transport Co.">Reolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmac" title="Transmac">Transmac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportas_Companhia_de_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportas Companhia de Macau">TCM</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Macau" title="Prostitution in Macau">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_Macau" title="Sex trafficking in Macau">Sex trafficking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#2E8057;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Macau" title="Culture of Macau"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Culture</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Macau" title="Architecture of Macau">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Macau">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Macau" title="Education in Macau">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Macau">universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Events_and_festivals_in_Macau" title="Events and festivals in Macau">Events and festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_set_in_Macau" title="List of films set in Macau">Films set in Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Macau" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Macau">Honours system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Macau">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonese language">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Macanese language">Macanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Portuguese" class="mw-redirect" title="Macau Portuguese">Portuguese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Macau#Literature" title="Culture of Macau">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_dos_Santos_Ferreira" title="José dos Santos Ferreira">José dos Santos Ferreira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_de_Cam%C3%B5es" title="Luís de Camões">Luís de Camões</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Macau" title="Music of Macau">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantopop" title="Cantopop">Cantopop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_opera" title="Cantonese opera">Opera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_Macau" title="Names of Macau">Names of Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_people" title="Macau people">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Macau" title="Demographics of Macau">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Macau" title="Women in Macau">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Macau" title="Women in Macau">Youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Macau" title="Religion in Macau">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Science_and_Culture_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Macau Science and Culture Centre">Science and Culture Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_Escoteiros_de_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Associação de Escoteiros de Macau">Scouting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Macau" title="Sport in Macau">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Grand_Prix" title="Macau Grand Prix">Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Jockey_Club" title="Macau Jockey Club">Jockey Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_Macau" title="Rugby union in Macau">Rugby union</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provincial-level_divisions_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Province-level_divisions_of_China" title="Template:Province-level divisions of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Province-level_divisions_of_China" title="Template talk:Province-level divisions of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Province-level_divisions_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Province-level divisions of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provincial-level_divisions_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Province-level_divisions_of_China" title="Province-level divisions of China">Provincial-level divisions of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_blank_province_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/150px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/225px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/300px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipality" title="Direct-administered municipality">Direct-administered municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Disputed province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-size:80%;"><div><sup>1</sup> <a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the Republic of China">Taiwan</a> is <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">claimed</a> by the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> but administered by the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">political status of Taiwan</a>).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border&#124;link=China&#124;alt=China_Prefecture-level_divisions_of_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prefectural-level_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prefectural-level_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Template talk:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prefectural-level_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border&#124;link=China&#124;alt=China_Prefecture-level_divisions_of_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_divisions_of_China" title="Prefecture-level divisions of China">Prefecture-level divisions of China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Notes: *<b><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_current_and_former_capitals_of_the_subdivisions_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the current and former capitals of the subdivisions of China">Provincial capitals</a></b>, ★<a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division#Sub-provincial_municipalities" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial cities</a>, ☆<a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division#Sub-provincial_autonomous_prefecture" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial autonomous prefecture</a> <i>*<a href="/wiki/Sub-prefectural_city" title="Sub-prefectural city">Sub prefectural-level divisions</a></i>, ✧"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Comparatively_larger_city&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comparatively larger city (page does not exist)">Comparatively larger city</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%83%E5%A4%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%B8%82" class="extiw" title="zh:较大的市">zh</a>]</span>" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">较大的市</span></span>) as approved by the <a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">State Council</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Provinces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Hefei" title="Hefei"><b>Hefei</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhu" title="Wuhu">Wuhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengbu" title="Bengbu">Bengbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huainan" title="Huainan">Huainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27anshan" title="Ma'anshan">Ma'anshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaibei" title="Huaibei">Huaibei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongling" title="Tongling">Tongling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anqing" title="Anqing">Anqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangshan_City" title="Huangshan City">Huangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuzhou" title="Chuzhou">Chuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuyang" title="Fuyang">Fuyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou,_Anhui" title="Suzhou, Anhui">Suzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%27an" title="Lu'an">Lu'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bozhou" title="Bozhou">Bozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chizhou" title="Chizhou">Chizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuancheng" title="Xuancheng">Xuancheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Fuzhou" title="Fuzhou"><b>Fuzhou</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Xiamen" title="Xiamen">Xiamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putian" title="Putian">Putian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanming" title="Sanming">Sanming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanzhou" title="Quanzhou">Quanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangzhou" title="Zhangzhou">Zhangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanping" title="Nanping">Nanping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longyan" title="Longyan">Longyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningde" title="Ningde">Ningde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Lanzhou" title="Lanzhou"><b>Lanzhou</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiayuguan_City" title="Jiayuguan City">Jiayuguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinchang" title="Jinchang">Jinchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baiyin" title="Baiyin">Baiyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianshui" title="Tianshui">Tianshui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuwei,_Gansu" title="Wuwei, Gansu">Wuwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangye" title="Zhangye">Zhangye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingliang" title="Pingliang">Pingliang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiuquan" title="Jiuquan">Jiuquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingyang,_Gansu" title="Qingyang, Gansu">Qingyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingxi" title="Dingxi">Dingxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longnan" title="Longnan">Longnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linxia_Hui_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture">Linxia (Hui)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gannan_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Gannan (Tibetan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou"><b>Guangzhou</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoguan" title="Shaoguan">Shaoguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantou" title="Shantou">Shantou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangmen" title="Jiangmen">Jiangmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhanjiang" title="Zhanjiang">Zhanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoming" title="Maoming">Maoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaoqing" title="Zhaoqing">Zhaoqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huizhou" title="Huizhou">Huizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meizhou" title="Meizhou">Meizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangjiang" title="Yangjiang">Yangjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanwei" title="Shanwei">Shanwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heyuan" title="Heyuan">Heyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingyuan" title="Qingyuan">Qingyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongguan" title="Dongguan">Dongguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongshan" title="Zhongshan">Zhongshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jieyang" title="Jieyang">Jieyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunfu" title="Yunfu">Yunfu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Guiyang" title="Guiyang"><b>Guiyang</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liupanshui" title="Liupanshui">Liupanshui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zunyi" title="Zunyi">Zunyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshun" title="Anshun">Anshun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijie" title="Bijie">Bijie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongren" title="Tongren">Tongren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qianxinan_Buyei_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Qianxinan (Buyei and Miao)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiannan_Buyei_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Qiannan (Buyei and Miao)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiandongnan_Miao_and_Dong_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture">Qiandongnan (Miao and Dong)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Haikou" title="Haikou"><b>Haikou</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanya" title="Sanya">Sanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danzhou" title="Danzhou">Danzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sansha" title="Sansha">Sansha</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wuzhishan_City" title="Wuzhishan City"><i>Wuzhishan</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Qionghai" title="Qionghai"><i>Qionghai</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wenchang" title="Wenchang"><i>Wenchang</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wanning" title="Wanning"><i>Wanning</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Dongfang,_Hainan" title="Dongfang, Hainan"><i>Dongfang</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Ding%27an_County" title="Ding'an County"><i>Ding'an County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tunchang_County" title="Tunchang County"><i>Tunchang County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Chengmai_County" title="Chengmai County"><i>Chengmai County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Lingao_County" title="Lingao County"><i>Lingao County</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Baisha_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Baisha Li Autonomous County"><i>Baisha County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Changjiang_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Changjiang Li Autonomous County"><i>Changjiang County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Ledong_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Ledong Li Autonomous County"><i>Ledong County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Lingshui_Li_Autonomous_County" title="Lingshui Li Autonomous County"><i>Lingshui County</i> (Li)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Baoting_Li_and_Miao_Autonomous_County" title="Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County"><i>Baoting County</i> (Li and Miao)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Qiongzhong_Li_and_Miao_Autonomous_County" title="Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County"><i>Qiongzhong County</i> (Li and Miao)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Shijiazhuang" title="Shijiazhuang"><b>Shijiazhuang</b></a></li> <li>✧<a href="/wiki/Tangshan" title="Tangshan">Tangshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinhuangdao" title="Qinhuangdao">Qinhuangdao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handan" title="Handan">Handan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xingtai" title="Xingtai">Xingtai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoding" title="Baoding">Baoding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiakou" title="Zhangjiakou">Zhangjiakou "Kalgan"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengde" title="Chengde">Chengde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cangzhou" title="Cangzhou">Cangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langfang" title="Langfang">Langfang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengshui" title="Hengshui">Hengshui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou" title="Zhengzhou"><b>Zhengzhou</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaifeng" title="Kaifeng">Kaifeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">Luoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingdingshan" title="Pingdingshan">Pingdingshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anyang" title="Anyang">Anyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebi" title="Hebi">Hebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinxiang" title="Xinxiang">Xinxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozuo" title="Jiaozuo">Jiaozuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puyang" title="Puyang">Puyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuchang" title="Xuchang">Xuchang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luohe" title="Luohe">Luohe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanmenxia" title="Sanmenxia">Sanmenxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanyang,_Henan" title="Nanyang, Henan">Nanyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangqiu" title="Shangqiu">Shangqiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyang" title="Xinyang">Xinyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoukou" title="Zhoukou">Zhoukou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhumadian" title="Zhumadian">Zhumadian</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Jiyuan" title="Jiyuan"><i>Jiyuan</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan"><b>Wuhan</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi (Tujia and Miao)</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao"><i>Xiantao</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei"><i>Qianjiang</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen"><i>Tianmen</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia"><i>Shennongjia Forestry District</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Harbin" title="Harbin"><b>Harbin</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiqihar" title="Qiqihar">Qiqihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jixi" title="Jixi">Jixi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegang" title="Hegang">Hegang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuangyashan" title="Shuangyashan">Shuangyashan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daqing" title="Daqing">Daqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichun,_Heilongjiang" title="Yichun, Heilongjiang">Yichun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiamusi" title="Jiamusi">Jiamusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qitaihe" title="Qitaihe">Qitaihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudanjiang" title="Mudanjiang">Mudanjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heihe" title="Heihe">Heihe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suihua" title="Suihua">Suihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daxing%27anling_Prefecture" title="Daxing'anling Prefecture">Daxing'anling Prefecture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Changsha" title="Changsha"><b>Changsha</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuzhou" title="Zhuzhou">Zhuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangtan" title="Xiangtan">Xiangtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengyang" title="Hengyang">Hengyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoyang" title="Shaoyang">Shaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yueyang" title="Yueyang">Yueyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changde" title="Changde">Changde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiajie" title="Zhangjiajie">Zhangjiajie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiyang" title="Yiyang">Yiyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenzhou" title="Chenzhou">Chenzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongzhou" title="Yongzhou">Yongzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaihua" title="Huaihua">Huaihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loudi" title="Loudi">Loudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangxi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Xiangxi (Tujia and Miao)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Changchun" title="Changchun"><b>Changchun</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin_City" title="Jilin City">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siping,_Jilin" title="Siping, Jilin">Siping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoyuan" title="Liaoyuan">Liaoyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonghua" title="Tonghua">Tonghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baishan" title="Baishan">Baishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songyuan" title="Songyuan">Songyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baicheng" title="Baicheng">Baicheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanbian_Korean_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture">Yanbian (Korean)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing"><b>Nanjing</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxi" title="Wuxi">Wuxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuzhou" title="Xuzhou">Xuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changzhou" title="Changzhou">Changzhou</a></li> <li>✧<a href="/wiki/Suzhou" title="Suzhou">Suzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantong" title="Nantong">Nantong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lianyungang" title="Lianyungang">Lianyungang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huai%27an" title="Huai'an">Huai'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yancheng" title="Yancheng">Yancheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangzhou" title="Yangzhou">Yangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenjiang" title="Zhenjiang">Zhenjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Jiangsu" title="Taizhou, Jiangsu">Taizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suqian" title="Suqian">Suqian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Nanchang" title="Nanchang"><b>Nanchang</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingdezhen" title="Jingdezhen">Jingdezhen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingxiang" title="Pingxiang">Pingxiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiujiang" title="Jiujiang">Jiujiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinyu" title="Xinyu">Xinyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingtan" title="Yingtan">Yingtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganzhou" title="Ganzhou">Ganzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji%27an" title="Ji'an">Ji'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yichun,_Jiangxi" title="Yichun, Jiangxi">Yichun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou,_Jiangxi" title="Fuzhou, Jiangxi">Fuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangrao" title="Shangrao">Shangrao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang"><b>Shenyang</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Dalian" title="Dalian">Dalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anshan" title="Anshan">Anshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fushun" title="Fushun">Fushun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benxi" title="Benxi">Benxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dandong" title="Dandong">Dandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhou" title="Jinzhou">Jinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingkou" title="Yingkou">Yingkou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuxin" title="Fuxin">Fuxin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoyang" title="Liaoyang">Liaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panjin" title="Panjin">Panjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tieling" title="Tieling">Tieling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaoyang,_Liaoning" title="Chaoyang, Liaoning">Chaoyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huludao" title="Huludao">Huludao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Xining" title="Xining"><b>Xining</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidong" title="Haidong">Haidong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haibei_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Haibei (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangnan_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Huangnan (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Hainan (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golog_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Golog "Guolog" (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yushu_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Yushu (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haixi_Mongol_and_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Haixi "Qaidam" (Mongol and Tibetan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu"><b>Chengdu</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigong" title="Zigong">Zigong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panzhihua" title="Panzhihua">Panzhihua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luzhou" title="Luzhou">Luzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deyang" title="Deyang">Deyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianyang" title="Mianyang">Mianyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangyuan" title="Guangyuan">Guangyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suining" title="Suining">Suining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neijiang" title="Neijiang">Neijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leshan" title="Leshan">Leshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanchong" title="Nanchong">Nanchong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meishan" title="Meishan">Meishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yibin" title="Yibin">Yibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guang%27an" title="Guang'an">Guang'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dazhou" title="Dazhou">Dazhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazhong" title="Bazhong">Bazhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziyang" title="Ziyang">Ziyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27an" title="Ya'an">Ya'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngawa_Tibetan_and_Qiang_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture">Ngawa "Aba" (Tibetan and Qiang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garz%C3%AA_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Garzê "Ganzi" (Tibetan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liangshan_Yi_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture">Liangshan (Yi)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an"><b>Xi'an</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongchuan" title="Tongchuan">Tongchuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoji" title="Baoji">Baoji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianyang" title="Xianyang">Xianyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weinan" title="Weinan">Weinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan%27an" title="Yan'an">Yan'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanzhong" title="Hanzhong">Hanzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulin,_Shaanxi" title="Yulin, Shaanxi">Yulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankang" title="Ankang">Ankang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangluo" title="Shangluo">Shangluo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Jinan" title="Jinan"><b>Jinan</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Qingdao" title="Qingdao">Qingdao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zibo" title="Zibo">Zibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaozhuang" title="Zaozhuang">Zaozhuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongying" title="Dongying">Dongying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantai" title="Yantai">Yantai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weifang" title="Weifang">Weifang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jining" title="Jining">Jining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai%27an" title="Tai'an">Tai'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihai" title="Weihai">Weihai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rizhao" title="Rizhao">Rizhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linyi" title="Linyi">Linyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dezhou" title="Dezhou">Dezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaocheng" title="Liaocheng">Liaocheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binzhou" title="Binzhou">Binzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heze" title="Heze">Heze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Taiyuan" title="Taiyuan"><b>Taiyuan</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datong" title="Datong">Datong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangquan" title="Yangquan">Yangquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changzhi" title="Changzhi">Changzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jincheng" title="Jincheng">Jincheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuozhou" title="Shuozhou">Shuozhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinzhong" title="Jinzhong">Jinzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuncheng" title="Yuncheng">Yuncheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinzhou" title="Xinzhou">Xinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linfen" title="Linfen">Linfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCliang" title="Lüliang">Lüliang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei"><i><b>Taibei</b></i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaohsiung" title="Kaohsiung">Gaoxiong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Taipei" class="mw-redirect" title="New Taipei">Xinbei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taichung" title="Taichung">Taizhong</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tainan" title="Tainan">Tainan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taoyuan,_Taiwan" title="Taoyuan, Taiwan">Taoyuan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Kunming" title="Kunming"><b>Kunming</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qujing" title="Qujing">Qujing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuxi" title="Yuxi">Yuxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baoshan,_Yunnan" title="Baoshan, Yunnan">Baoshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaotong" title="Zhaotong">Zhaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lijiang" title="Lijiang">Lijiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu%27er_City" title="Pu'er City">Pu'er</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincang" title="Lincang">Lincang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuxiong_Yi_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture">Chuxiong (Yi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honghe_Hani_and_Yi_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture">Honghe (Hani and Yi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenshan_Zhuang_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Wenshan (Zhuang and Miao)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xishuangbanna_Dai_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture">Xishuangbanna (Dai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dali_Bai_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture">Dali (Bai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dehong_Dai_and_Jingpo_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture">Dehong (Dai and Jingpo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nujiang_Lisu_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture">Nujiang (Lisu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AAq%C3%AAn_Tibetan_Autonomous_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture">Dêqên (Tibetan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*★<a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou"><b>Hangzhou</b></a></li> <li>★<a href="/wiki/Ningbo" title="Ningbo">Ningbo</a></li> <li>✧<a href="/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou">Wenzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaxing" title="Jiaxing">Jiaxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huzhou" title="Huzhou">Huzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaoxing" title="Shaoxing">Shaoxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinhua" title="Jinhua">Jinhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quzhou" title="Quzhou">Quzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhoushan" title="Zhoushan">Zhoushan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taizhou,_Zhejiang" title="Taizhou, Zhejiang">Taizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lishui" title="Lishui">Lishui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous <br />regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Nanning" title="Nanning"><b>Nanning</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liuzhou" title="Liuzhou">Liuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guilin" title="Guilin">Guilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhou" title="Wuzhou">Wuzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beihai" title="Beihai">Beihai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fangchenggang" title="Fangchenggang">Fangchenggang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinzhou" title="Qinzhou">Qinzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guigang" title="Guigang">Guigang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yulin,_Guangxi" title="Yulin, Guangxi">Yulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baise" title="Baise">Baise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezhou" title="Hezhou">Hezhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hechi" title="Hechi">Hechi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laibin" title="Laibin">Laibin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongzuo" title="Chongzuo">Chongzuo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Yinchuan" title="Yinchuan"><b>Yinchuan</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shizuishan" title="Shizuishan">Shizuishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuzhong,_Ningxia" title="Wuzhong, Ningxia">Wuzhong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyuan" title="Guyuan">Guyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongwei" title="Zhongwei">Zhongwei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner <br />Mongolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Hohhot" title="Hohhot"><b>Hohhot</b></a></li> <li>✧<a href="/wiki/Baotou" title="Baotou">Baotou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhai" title="Wuhai">Wuhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chifeng" title="Chifeng">Chifeng "Ulankhad"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongliao" title="Tongliao">Tongliao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordos_City" title="Ordos City">Ordos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulunbuir" title="Hulunbuir">Hulunbuir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayannur" title="Bayannur">Bayannur "Bayannao'er"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulanqab" title="Ulanqab">Ulanqab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinggan_League" title="Hinggan League">Hinggan League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xilingol_League" title="Xilingol League">Xilingol League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alxa_League" title="Alxa League">Alxa League "Ālāshàn League"</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi" title="Ürümqi"><b>Ürümqi</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karamay" title="Karamay">Karamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turpan" title="Turpan">Turpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hami" title="Hami">Hami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changji_Hui_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture">Changji (Hui)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bortala_Mongol_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture">Bortala (Mongol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayingolin_Mongol_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture">Bayingolin (Mongol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizilsu_Kyrgyz_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Kizilsu Kyrgyz Autonomous Prefecture">Kizilsu (Kyrgyz)</a></li> <li>( ☆<a href="/wiki/Ili_Kazakh_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture">Ili (Kazakh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacheng_Prefecture" title="Tacheng Prefecture">Tacheng Prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altay_Prefecture" title="Altay Prefecture">Altay Prefecture</a> )</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aksu_Prefecture" title="Aksu Prefecture">Aksu Prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashgar_Prefecture" title="Kashgar Prefecture">Kashgar "Kashi" Prefecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotan_Prefecture" title="Hotan Prefecture">Hotan Prefecture</a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Shihezi" title="Shihezi"><i>Shihezi</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Aral,_Xinjiang" title="Aral, Xinjiang"><i>Aral</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tumxuk" title="Tumxuk"><i>Tumxuk</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Wujiaqu" title="Wujiaqu"><i>Wujiaqu</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Beitun,_Xinjiang" title="Beitun, Xinjiang"><i>Beitun</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Tiemenguan_City" title="Tiemenguan City"><i>Tiemenguan</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Shuanghe" title="Shuanghe"><i>Shuanghe</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Kokdala" title="Kokdala"><i>Kokdala</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Kunyu,_Xinjiang" title="Kunyu, Xinjiang"><i>Kunyu</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Huyanghe" title="Huyanghe"><i>Huyanghe</i></a></li> <li><i>*</i><a href="/wiki/Xinxing,_Xinjiang" title="Xinxing, Xinjiang"><i>Xinxing</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>*<a href="/wiki/Lhasa_(prefecture-level_city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lhasa (prefecture-level city)"><b>Lhasa</b></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigatse" title="Shigatse">Shigatse "Xigazê"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamdo" title="Chamdo">Chamdo "Qamdo"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyingchi" title="Nyingchi">Nyingchi "Linzhi"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannan,_Tibet" title="Shannan, Tibet">Shannan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagqu" title="Nagqu">Nagqu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngari_Prefecture" title="Ngari Prefecture">Ngari Prefecture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-administered municipalities of China">Direct-administered municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_prefectures_in_China" title="List of prefectures in China"><i>List of prefectures in China</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_China" title="List of cities in China"><i>List of cities in China</i></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_dependencies_of_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template talk:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_dependencies_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">Countries and dependencies</a> of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent<br />territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greece</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kastellorizo" title="Kastellorizo">Kastellorizo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a><sup>2</sup> (Sovereign Base Areas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territory</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative<br />regions of China</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup> Spans the conventional boundary between Asia and another continent.</li> <li><sup>2</sup> Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in West Asia.</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="East_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:East_Asian_topics" title="Template:East Asian topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:East_Asian_topics" title="Template talk:East Asian topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:East_Asian_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:East Asian topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="East_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">East Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Asian_countries" title="Category:East Asian countries">Countries and regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">Mainland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_Islands" title="Ryukyu Islands">Ryukyu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeju_Province" title="Jeju Province">Jeju</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/80px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/120px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/160px-East_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_people" title="East Asian people">Ethnic groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_people" title="Ainu people">Ainu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese_subgroups" title="Han Chinese subgroups">subgroups</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_people" title="Japanese people">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yamato_people" title="Yamato people">Yamato</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans" title="Koreans">Koreans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_China" title="Koreans in China">in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Japan" title="Koreans in Japan">in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Koreans" title="Sakhalin Koreans">in Sakhalin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_people" title="Manchu people">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao_people" title="Miao people">Miao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolic_peoples" title="Mongolic peoples">Mongolic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongols_in_China" title="Mongols in China">in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalkha_Mongols" title="Khalkha Mongols">Khalkha in Mongolia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiang_people" title="Qiang people">Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_people" title="Ryukyuan people">Ryukyuans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples" title="Taiwanese indigenous peoples">Indigenous Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibetan people">Tibetans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tujia_people" title="Tujia people">Tujia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghurs" title="Uyghurs">Uyghurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_people" title="Yi people">Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuang_people" title="Zhuang people">Zhuang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_China" title="List of ethnic groups in China">other ethnic groups in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unrecognized_ethnic_groups_in_China" title="Unrecognized ethnic groups in China">unrecognized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Chinese_history" title="Ethnic groups in Chinese history">historical</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_East_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of East Asia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_age_reckoning" title="East Asian age reckoning">Age reckoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Asian_architecture" title="Category:East Asian architecture">Architecture‎</a></li> <li>Art <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_art" title="Chinese art">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_art" title="Japanese art">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_art" title="Korean art">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_art" title="Taiwanese art">Taiwanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_blepharoplasty" title="East Asian blepharoplasty">Blepharoplasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Buddhism" title="East Asian Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_calligraphy" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian calligraphy">Calligraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian cinema">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinosphere" title="Sinosphere">Sinosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dance_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Dance in East Asia">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_knotting" title="Chinese knotting">Chinese knotting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_dragon" title="Chinese dragon">Chinese dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cultural_festivals_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Cultural festivals in East Asia">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_design#East_Asian_gardens" title="Garden design">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_hip-and-gable_roof" title="East Asian hip-and-gable roof">Hip-and-gable roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_East_Asia" title="Languages of East Asia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_literature" title="East Asian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_M%C4%81dhyamaka" title="East Asian Mādhyamaka">Mādhyamaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_East_Asia" title="Category:Music of East Asia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Asian_mythology" title="Category:East Asian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_philosophy" title="Eastern philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_religions" title="East Asian religions">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizontal_and_vertical_writing_in_East_Asian_scripts" title="Horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts">Scripts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_(East_Asia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal (East Asia)">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Xenic_pronunciations" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Xenic pronunciations">Sino-Xenic pronunciations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_East_Asian_surnames" title="Lists of East Asian surnames">Surnames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Television_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Television in East Asia">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_typography" title="East Asian typography">Typography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Yog%C4%81c%C4%81ra" title="East Asian Yogācāra">Yogācāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_zodiac" title="Chinese zodiac">Chinese zodiac</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Environment_of_East_Asia" title="Category:Environment of East Asia">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Climate_Partnership" title="East Asia Climate Partnership">East Asia Climate Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Monsoon" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian Monsoon">Monsoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_rainy_season" title="East Asian rainy season">Rainy season</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Asiatic_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Asiatic Region">Flora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_East_Asia" title="Economy of East Asia">Economy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_East_Asia" title="Category:Politics of East Asia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan%E2%80%93South_Korea_trilateral_summit" title="China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit">China–Japan–South Korea trilateral summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership_for_East_Asia" title="Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia">Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_model" title="East Asian model">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Bureau_of_Economic_Research" title="East Asian Bureau of Economic Research">East Asian Bureau of Economic Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Community" title="East Asian Community">East Asian Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Asian_Tigers" title="Four Asian Tigers">Four Asian Tigers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_East_Asia" title="Human rights in East Asia">Human rights in East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_and_harbors_of_the_Pacific_Ocean" title="List of ports and harbors of the Pacific Ocean">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_stock_exchanges#East_Asian" title="List of Asian stock exchanges">Stock exchanges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_East_Asia" title="History of East Asia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archaeology_of_East_Asia" title="Category:Archaeology of East Asia">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archaeological_cultures_of_East_Asia" title="Category:Archaeological cultures of East Asia">Archaeological cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Bronze_Age" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_Age#East_Asia" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_countries_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Former countries in East Asia">Former countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sport_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Sport in East Asia">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Friendship_Athletic_Meeting" title="China–Japan–Korea Friendship Athletic Meeting">China–Japan–Korea Friendship Athletic Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Football_Federation" title="East Asian Football Federation">East Asian Football Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Games" title="East Asian Games">East Asian Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Judo_Championships" title="East Asian Judo Championships">East Asian Judo Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Asian_martial_arts" title="Category:East Asian martial arts">East Asian martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Youth_Games" title="East Asian Youth Games">East Asian Youth Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EAFF_E-1_Football_Championship" title="EAFF E-1 Football Championship">EAFF E-1 Football Championship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Education in East Asia">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_East_Asian_Research_Universities" title="Association of East Asian Research Universities">Association of East Asian Research Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrossAsia" title="CrossAsia">CrossAsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Economic_Review" title="East Asian Economic Review">East Asian Economic Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Image_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asia Image Collection">East Asia Image Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Law_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asia Law Review">East Asia Law Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_studies" title="East Asian studies">East Asian studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_East_Asian_Studies" title="Journal of East Asian Studies">Journal of East Asian Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Institute_(Ludwigshafen)" title="East Asia Institute (Ludwigshafen)">Ludwigshafen East Asia Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Military in East Asia">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_East_Asian_warfare" title="Horses in East Asian warfare">Horses in East Asian warfare</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bansensh%C5%ABkai" title="Bansenshūkai">Bansenshūkai</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miyamoto_Musashi" title="Miyamoto Musashi">Miyamoto Musashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Tzu" title="Sun Tzu">Sun Tzu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_War" title="The Art of War">The Art of War</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Five_Rings" title="The Book of Five Rings">The Book of Five Rings</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Sun-sin" title="Yi Sun-sin">Yi Sun-sin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Science_and_technology_in_East_Asia" title="Category:Science and technology in East Asia">Science and technology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Needham_Research_Institute" title="Needham Research Institute">Needham Research Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_printing_in_East_Asia" title="History of printing in East Asia">Printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Asian_swords" title="Category:East Asian swords">Swords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Asian_traditional_medicine" title="Category:East Asian traditional medicine">Traditional medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pearl_River_Delta" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pearl River Delta"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pearl_River_Delta_Metropolitan_Region_(Guangdong–Hong_Kong–Macau_Greater_Bay_Area)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Delta" title="Pearl River Delta">Pearl River Delta</a> Metropolitan Region (<a href="/wiki/Guangdong%E2%80%93Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Macau_Greater_Bay_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area">Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Delta_Economic_Zone" title="Pearl River Delta Economic Zone">Pearl River Delta Economic Zone</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong Province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panyu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Panyu District">Panyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huadu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huadu District">Huadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nansha_New_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Nansha New Area">Nansha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zengcheng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Zengcheng District">Zengcheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conghua_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Conghua District">Conghua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bao%27an_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Bao'an District">Bao'an</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Hengqin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongguan" title="Dongguan">Dongguan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongshan" title="Zhongshan">Zhongshan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuiheng" title="Cuiheng">Cuiheng</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foshan" title="Foshan">Foshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangmen" title="Jiangmen">Jiangmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enping" title="Enping">Enping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taishan,_Guangdong" title="Taishan, Guangdong">Taishan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiping" title="Kaiping">Kaiping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heshan,_Guangdong" title="Heshan, Guangdong">Heshan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huizhou" title="Huizhou">Huizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaoqing" title="Zhaoqing">Zhaoqing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sihui" title="Sihui">Sihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaoyao_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaoyao District">Gaoyao</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geography_of_Guangdong.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Pearl River Delta region"><img alt="Pearl River Delta region" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Geography_of_Guangdong.gif/75px-Geography_of_Guangdong.gif" decoding="async" width="75" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Geography_of_Guangdong.gif/113px-Geography_of_Guangdong.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Geography_of_Guangdong.gif/150px-Geography_of_Guangdong.gif 2x" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="334" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Territories" title="New Territories">New Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kowloon" title="Kowloon">Kowloon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Island" title="Hong Kong Island">Hong Kong Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Macau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macau_Peninsula" title="Macau Peninsula">Macau Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Taipa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">Coloane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotai" title="Cotai">Cotai</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Trade_Organization" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template talk:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Trade_Organization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">System</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Member states of the World Trade Organization">Accession and membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appellate_Body" title="Appellate Body">Appellate Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dispute_Settlement_Body" title="Dispute Settlement Body">Dispute Settlement Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Centre" title="International Trade Centre">International Trade Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Timeline of the World Trade Organization">Chronology of key events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Criticism of the World Trade Organization">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Development_Round" title="Doha Development Round">Doha Development Round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_issues" title="Singapore issues">Singapore issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quota_Elimination" title="Quota Elimination">Quota Elimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Clause" title="Peace Clause">Peace Clause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Agriculture" title="Agreement on Agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Application_of_Sanitary_and_Phytosanitary_Measures" title="Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures">Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Technical_Barriers_to_Trade" title="Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade">Technical Barriers to Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Investment_Measures" title="Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures">Trade-Related Investment Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Trade_in_Services" title="General Agreement on Trade in Services">Trade in Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRIPS_Agreement" title="TRIPS Agreement">Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Government_Procurement" title="Agreement on Government Procurement">Government Procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Technology_Agreement" title="Information Technology Agreement">Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh_Agreement" title="Marrakesh Agreement">Marrakesh Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Declaration_on_the_TRIPS_agreement_and_public_health" title="Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health">Doha Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Package" title="Bali Package">Bali Package</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministerial_Conference" title="Ministerial Conference">Ministerial<br />Conferences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1996" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1996">1st (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1998" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1998">2nd (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1999" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999">3rd (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2001" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2001">4th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2003" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2003">5th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2005" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005">6th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2009" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2009">7th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2011" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011">8th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2013" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013">9th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2015" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015">10th (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2017" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017">11th (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2022" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022">12th (2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngozi_Okonjo-Iweala" title="Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala">Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Director-General_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Director-General of the World Trade Organization">Director-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Azev%C3%AAdo" title="Roberto Azevêdo">Roberto Azevêdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Lamy" title="Pascal Lamy">Pascal Lamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supachai_Panitchpakdi" title="Supachai Panitchpakdi">Supachai Panitchpakdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Jara" title="Alejandro Jara">Alejandro Jara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Yerxa" title="Rufus Yerxa">Rufus Yerxa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Afghanistan" title="Economy of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Algeria" title="Economy of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Angola" title="Economy of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Economy of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Argentina" title="Economy of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Australia" title="Economy of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bahrain" title="Economy of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Barbados" title="Economy of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belize" title="Economy of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Benin" title="Economy of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bolivia" title="Economy of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Botswana" title="Economy of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brazil" title="Economy of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brunei" title="Economy of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Economy of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Myanmar" title="Economy of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burundi" title="Economy of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cambodia" title="Economy of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cameroon" title="Economy of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Canada" title="Economy of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cape_Verde" title="Economy of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chad" title="Economy of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chile" title="Economy of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Colombia" title="Economy of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Costa_Rica" title="Economy of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Economy of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba" title="Economy of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Djibouti" title="Economy of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Dominica" title="Economy of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Economy of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ecuador" title="Economy of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" title="Economy of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_El_Salvador" title="Economy of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Eswatini" title="Economy of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Fiji" title="Economy of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gabon" title="Economy of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ghana" title="Economy of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" title="Economy of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guatemala" title="Economy of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea" title="Economy of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Economy of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guyana" title="Economy of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haiti" title="Economy of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Honduras" title="Economy of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Israel" title="Economy of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jamaica" title="Economy of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Japan" title="Economy of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jordan" title="Economy of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kenya" title="Economy of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kuwait" title="Economy of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Economy of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Laos" title="Economy of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lesotho" title="Economy of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liberia" title="Economy of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Economy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Macau" title="Economy of Macau">Macau</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madagascar" title="Economy of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malawi" title="Economy of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malaysia" title="Economy of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Maldives" title="Economy of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mali" title="Economy of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritania" title="Economy of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritius" title="Economy of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mexico" title="Economy of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mongolia" title="Economy of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Montenegro" title="Economy of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Morocco" title="Economy of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mozambique" title="Economy of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Namibia" title="Economy of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nepal" title="Economy of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_Zealand" title="Economy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nicaragua" title="Economy of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Niger" title="Economy of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nigeria" title="Economy of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Oman" title="Economy of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan" title="Economy of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Panama" title="Economy of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Economy of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Paraguay" title="Economy of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Peru" title="Economy of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippines" title="Economy of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Qatar" title="Economy of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Rwanda" title="Economy of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Economy of Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Samoa" title="Economy of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Senegal" title="Economy of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" title="Economy of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Economy of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore" title="Economy of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Economy of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Economy of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" title="Economy of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Switzerland" title="Economy of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tajikistan" title="Economy of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Taiwan</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tanzania" title="Economy of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Thailand" title="Economy of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Togo" title="Economy of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tonga" title="Economy of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Economy of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tunisia" title="Economy of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uganda" title="Economy of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Economy of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uruguay" title="Economy of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Venezuela" title="Economy of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vietnam" title="Economy of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Yemen" title="Economy of Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zimbabwe" title="Economy of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="European_Union" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary" title="Economy of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Latvia" title="Economy of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China</a>, participating as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao, China".</li> <li>Officially the Republic of China, participates as "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu</a>", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.</li></ol> <p><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></b> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries_(CPLP)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Template:Community of Portuguese Language Countries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Template talk:Community of Portuguese Language Countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Community of Portuguese Language Countries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries_(CPLP)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Community of Portuguese Language Countries</a> (CPLP)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Member states of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Membership</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">Timor-Leste </a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">Organization of Ibero-American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_CPLP.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/150px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/225px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/300px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="701" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Secretary_of_the_Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Executive Secretary of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Executive Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Flag of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Flag of the CPLP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CPLP_Games" title="CPLP Games">CPLP Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries#CPLP_Summits" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">CPLP Summits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_CPLP_Summit" title="1st CPLP Summit">I – Lisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_CPLP_Summit" title="2nd CPLP Summit">II – Praia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_CPLP_Summit" title="3rd CPLP Summit">III – Maputo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_CPLP_Summit" title="4th CPLP Summit">IV – Brasília</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_CPLP_Summit" title="5th CPLP Summit">V – São Tomé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_CPLP_Summit" title="6th CPLP Summit">VI – Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_CPLP_Summit" title="7th CPLP Summit">VII – Lisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_CPLP_Summit" title="8th CPLP Summit">VIII – Luanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_CPLP_Summit" title="9th CPLP Summit">IX – Maputo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_CPLP_Summit" title="10th CPLP Summit">X – Díli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_CPLP_Summit" title="11th CPLP Summit">XI – Brasília</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_CPLP_Summit" title="12th CPLP Summit">XII – Ilha do Sal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_CPLP_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th CPLP Summit (page does not exist)">XIII – Luanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_CPLP_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th CPLP Summit (page does not exist)">XIV – São Tomé</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=15th_CPLP_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15th CPLP Summit (page does not exist)">XIV – Bissau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_literature" title="Portuguese literature">Portuguese literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusophone">Lusophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusophone_music" title="Lusophone music">Lusophone music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACOLOP" title="ACOLOP">ACOLOP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lusophony_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusophony Games">Lusophony Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_where_Portuguese_is_an_official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries where Portuguese is an official language">Countries with Portuguese as an official language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_organisations_which_have_Portuguese_as_an_official_language" title="List of international organisations which have Portuguese as an official language">International organizations with Portuguese as an official languages</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Category:Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14773#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14773#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14773#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/144869371">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1338273/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjxPmRDtWrtb47G7tCWp8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4036791-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Macau (China : Special Administrative Region)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n00020499">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119323134">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119323134">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00648292">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36592250">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Macao (Čína)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129925&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4575408">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007467735405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/ed4e8ad9-2b33-3133-b105-28bb719d6ce8">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/10b041e2-a17e-4905-ae2f-3d0308442e0d">KulturNav</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/aI2Tej4S">UK Parliament</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/092000231">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044788">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macau&oldid=1263108881">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macau&oldid=1263108881</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Macau" title="Category:Macau">Macau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Category:People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1557_establishments_in_Asia" title="Category:1557 establishments in Asia">1557 establishments in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_colonies_in_Asia" title="Category:Former colonies in Asia">Former colonies in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_Portuguese_colonies" title="Category:Former Portuguese colonies">Former Portuguese colonies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pearl_River_Delta" title="Category:Pearl River Delta">Pearl River Delta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Populated_coastal_places_in_China" title="Category:Populated coastal places in China">Populated coastal places in China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Port_cities_and_towns_in_China" title="Category:Port cities and towns in China">Port cities and towns in China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Countries_and_territories_where_Chinese_is_an_official_language" title="Category:Countries and territories where Chinese is an official language">Countries and territories where Chinese is an official language</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Countries_and_territories_where_Portuguese_is_an_official_language" title="Category:Countries and territories where Portuguese is an official language">Countries and territories where Portuguese is an official language</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Category:Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions of China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1999" title="Category:States and territories established in 1999">States and territories established in 1999</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_China" title="Category:South China">South China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_China_Sea" title="Category:South China Sea">South China Sea</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: 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href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Transliteration_template_errors" title="Category:Transliteration template errors">Transliteration template errors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_failed_verification" title="Category:All articles with failed verification">All articles with failed verification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_failed_verification_from_December_2023" title="Category:Articles with failed verification from December 2023">Articles with failed verification from December 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2016" 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Template:Infobox_Chinese"," 4.53% 104.977 23 Template:Lang"," 4.49% 103.889 1 Template:Collapsible_list"," 4.39% 101.544 12 Template:Cite_news"," 4.37% 101.110 22 Template:Cite_journal"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.310","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":23935198,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFBasic_Law\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeitler2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCastellucci2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChan2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChanLeongLukYeung2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChief_Executive_Election_Results2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClayton2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFComunidade_dos_Países_de_Língua_Portuguesa2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFConstitution_of_the_People\u0026#039;s_Republic_of_China\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_Abulafia2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavidson2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEse_Erheriene2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFExternal_Relations_Facts2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGarrett2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGodinho2014\"] = 1,\n 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[\"CITEREFMallonHeijmans2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcManus2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMendes2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMinahan2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMokHoi2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMokNg2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMonetary_Authority_Annual_Report2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoody2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurargy2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPopulation_By-Census2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPorter1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRocheleau\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShadbolt2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShengGu2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShengTangGrydehøj2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSimpson2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSit1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSitCremerWong1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTangBray2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTengSiuLoFong2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTourism_Statistics2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFU.S._State_Department_Notes_on_Macau1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWang2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWills1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWuJin2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYau,_Elaine2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYiu2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYuChan2014\"] = 1,\n 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[\"IPAc-yue\"] = 2,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"Increase\"] = 4,\n [\"Infobox\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox Chinese\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox dependency\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 22,\n [\"Langx\"] = 1,\n [\"Linktext\"] = 2,\n [\"Location map+\"] = 1,\n [\"Location map~\"] = 15,\n [\"Macau topics\"] = 1,\n [\"Macau weatherbox\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 12,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 3,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Nobold\"] = 1,\n [\"Noitalics\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 4,\n [\"OSM relation\"] = 1,\n [\"Panorama\"] = 2,\n [\"Pearl River Delta\"] = 1,\n [\"Pie chart\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China\"] = 1,\n [\"Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China\"] = 1,\n [\"Raise\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 5,\n [\"Refend\"] = 5,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Resize\"] = 1,\n [\"Rp\"] = 4,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 5,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Significant figures\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"TOC limit\"] = 1,\n [\"Tone superscript\"] = 8,\n [\"Use Hong Kong English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 8,\n [\"Wg-apos\"] = 4,\n [\"Wikiatlas\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikicite\"] = 4,\n [\"World Trade Organization\"] = 1,\n [\"Zh\"] = 2,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","460","29.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","200","12.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","200","12.8"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","80","5.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntityStatements","80","5.1"],["match","60","3.8"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","60","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","3.8"],["select_one \u003CModule:Citation/CS1/Utilities:426\u003E","40","2.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntity","40","2.6"],["[others]","280","17.9"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-746fb5b8df-hvxth","timestamp":"20241214185443","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Macau","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Macau","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q14773","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q14773","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-11-05T00:49:07Z","dateModified":"2024-12-14T18:54:29Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/63\/Flag_of_Macau.svg","headline":"special administrative region of China"}</script> </body> </html>