CINXE.COM
Meghna Hingorani | University of Pittsburgh
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"NRJS-32db2f37a7e1f41235a",applicationID:"1009016335"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.pitt.edu/pittwire/ones-watch/meghna-hingorani-saxbys-ceo" /> <meta name="description" content="Everybody’s bestie thrives in business and dreams of Bollywood." /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="University of Pittsburgh" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.pitt.edu/pittwire/ones-watch/meghna-hingorani-saxbys-ceo" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Meghna Hingorani" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Everybody’s bestie thrives in business and dreams of Bollywood." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/styles/open_graph/public/2021-07/cl-ones-to-watch-bg.jpg?h=255124b9&itok=_TUxAZ0h" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://www.pitt.edu/", "name": "University of Pittsburgh", "url": "https://www.pitt.edu/" } ] }</script> <link rel="icon" href="/sites/default/files/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <title>Meghna Hingorani | University of Pittsburgh</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/ajax-progress.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/align.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/autocomplete-loading.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/fieldgroup.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/container-inline.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/clearfix.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/details.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/hidden.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/item-list.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/js.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/nowrap.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/position-container.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/progress.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/reset-appearance.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/resize.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/sticky-header.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-counter.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-counters.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-general-info.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tabledrag.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tablesort.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tree-child.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/views/css/views.module.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/micon/fa/style.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/social_media_links/css/social_media_links.theme.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/extlink/extlink.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/social_media/css/social_media.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/global-styles.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/navigation.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/hero-banner.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/content-well.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/template-layout-mixin.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/collapse.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/footer-override.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/button.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/breadcrumb.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/cse.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/overrides.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/pittmag.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/contrib/zensource_front_end/css/components/hero-placeholder.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/contrib/zensource_front_end/css/classy/components/messages.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/contrib/zensource_front_end/css/classy/components/details.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/contrib/zenny/css/classy/components/pager.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/pittwire.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/modal.css?snivi4" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/pitt_default/css/card.css?snivi4" /> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-NXCGL72');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <script async src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=013753980878518964357:mgrjnoukllc"></script> </head> <body class="path-node page-node-type-article-page"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-NXCGL72" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable skip-link"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div class="region region-site-top"> <div class="progress-wrapper" role="region" aria-label="Progress bar"> <div class="progress"> <div class="progress-bar" aria-label="Scroll Progress" role="progressbar" aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-wrapper" role="region" aria-label="Navigation area"> <div id="block-pitt-pittwire-sitebranding" class="block block-system block-system-branding-block"> <!-- global nav --> <div class="header-wrapper" role="region" aria-label="Navigation area"> <header class="header pitt-wire"> <div class="header-container"> <div class="header-grid"> <div class="pitt-wire-nav"> <div class="logo"> <div class="logo-pitt"><a href="/"><img src="/themes/custom/pitt_pittwire/logo.svg" alt="University of Pittsburgh"></a></div> <div class="logo-pitt print-only"><img src="/themes/custom/pitt_pittwire/logo-print.png" alt="UPitt Logo"></div> <div class="logo-pitt-wire"><a href="/pittwire"><img src="/themes/custom/pitt_pittwire/logo-pittwire.svg" alt="Pitt Wire"></a></div> <div class="logo-pitt-wire print-only"><img src="/themes/custom/pitt_pittwire/logo-pittwire-print.png" alt="Pitt Wire"></div> </div> <div class="explore-sections"><button class="" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#pitt-wire-menu" data-gtm="">Explore Sections</button></div> </div> <!-- main navigation --> <div class="navigation" role="navigation" aria-label="Mega Menu"> <ul class="navigation-button-wrapper"> <li> <button type="button" class="navigation-button" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#pittwire-search-menu" data-gtm=""> <span class="sr-only">open search</span> <span class="icon-search"></span> </button> </li> <li> <button type="button" class="navigation-button" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#hamburger-menu" data-gtm=""> <span class="sr-only">open menu</span> <span class="icon-hamburger"></span> </button> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> </div> <div id="pitt-wire-menu" class="modal modal--side navigation-slide-menu left pitt-wire-menu" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <!-- modal - header --> <div class="modal-header"> <!-- modal - dismiss --> <button type="button" class="modal-dismiss-button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close" data-gtm=""> <span class="sr-only">Close</span> </button> </div> <!-- modal - body --> <div class="modal-body"> <p class="field field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item"> From the latest big breakthrough to the most influential and inspiring figures on campus to Pitt in the community, Pittwire is your official source for what’s happening now. </p> <div class="hamburger-menu-wrapper"> <div class="hamburger-menu-upper"> <div id="block-pittwireexploretopics" class="hamburger-menu-upper-column block block-menu menu--pittwire-explore-topics"> <div class="hamburger-menu-header">Explore Sections</div> <ul class="hamburger-menu-list"> <li> <a href="/pittwire/health-and-wellness" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/21">Health and Wellness</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/technology-and-science" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13546">Technology and Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/arts-and-humanities" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13547">Arts and Humanities</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/community-impact" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13548">Community Impact</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/diversity-equity-and-inclusion" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13551">Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/global" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13550">Global</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/innovation-and-research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13549">Innovation and Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/our-cityour-campus" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/13552">Our City/Our Campus</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire/pittmagazine" data-drupal-link-system-path="pittwire/pittmagazine">Pitt Magazine</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="views-element-container hamburger-menu-upper-column block block-views block-views-blockcategory-menu-category-menu" id="block-views-block-category-menu-category-menu"> <div class="hamburger-menu-header">Explore By Category</div> <div><div class="view view-category-menu view-id-category_menu view-display-id-category_menu js-view-dom-id-7130a3061977091a15bc7f48635f4eda44e0b412232a5ecd74515498f1627b8f"> <div class="view-content"> <ul class="hamburger-menu-list"> <li><div class="views-field views-field-name"><span class="field-content"><a href="/pittwire/news/features-articles">Features & Articles</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-name"><span class="field-content"><a href="/pittwire/news/accolades-honors">Accolades & Honors</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-name"><span class="field-content"><a href="/pittwire/news/ones-to-watch">Ones to Watch</a></span></div></li> <li><div class="views-field views-field-name"><span class="field-content"><a href="/pittwire/news/announcements-and-updates">Announcements and Updates</a></span></div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-pittwireotherlinks-menu" id="block-pittwireotherlinks" class="block block-menu navigation menu--pittwire-other-links"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-pittwireotherlinks-menu">Pittwire Other Links</h2> <ul class="hamburger-menu-main"> <li> <a href="https://calendar.pitt.edu/" target="_blank">Event Calendar</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.pitt.edu/social" target="_blank">Social Media Directory</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="search-menu" class="modal modal--side navigation-slide-menu right" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <!-- modal - header --> <div class="modal-header"> <!-- modal - dismiss --> <button type="button" class="modal-dismiss-button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close" data-gtm=""> <span class="sr-only">Close</span> </button> </div> <!-- modal - body --> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="search-menu-wrapper"> <div class="search-menu-header">Search Pitt</div> <div class="search-menu-typeahead-wrapper"> <div class="search-menu-typeahead"> <label for="main-search-nav" class="sr-only">Search</label> <!-- cse markup --> <div class="gcse-searchbox-only" data-enableHistory="true" data-autoCompleteMaxCompletions="5" data-autoCompleteMatchType="any" data-resultsUrl="search-results"></div> </div> </div> <div class="search-menu-footer"> <a href="https://find.pitt.edu" class="arrow">Search for People</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="hamburger-menu" class="modal modal--side navigation-slide-menu right" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <!-- modal - header --> <div class="modal-header"> <!-- modal - dismiss --> <button type="button" class="modal-dismiss-button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close" data-gtm=""> <span class="sr-only">Close</span> </button> </div> <!-- modal - body --> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="hamburger-menu-wrapper"> <div id="block-hamburgermenuupper-2" class="hamburger-menu-upper block block-blockgroup block-block-grouphamburger-menu-upper"> <div id="block-hamburgermenuuppercolumn1" class="hamburger-menu-upper-column block block-blockgroup block-block-grouphamburger-menu-upper-column-1"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-globalmenu-3-menu" id="block-globalmenu-3" class="block block-menu navigation menu--global-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-globalmenu-3-menu">Global Menu</h2> <ul class="hamburger-menu-main"> <li> <a href="https://admissions.pitt.edu/apply/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavKPI" data-contentTitle="Apply">Apply</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://admissions.pitt.edu/visit/unscripted/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavKPI" data-contentTitle="Visit">Visit</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.giveto.pitt.edu/s/1729/18/home-giving.aspx?gid=2&pgid=2135" class="data-gtm-utilityNavKPI" data-contentTitle="Give">Give</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire" class="data-gtm-utilityNavKPI" data-contentTitle="Pittwire">Pittwire</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://calendar.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavKPI" data-contentTitle="Events">Events</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <button is="menu-blockmain-btn" class="collapse-trigger--md collapsed hamburger-menu-header-btn" role="tab" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#menu-blockmain" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-blockmain" data-gtm="">Navigation</button> <div class="collapse-target--md collapse" id="menu-blockmain" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-blockmain-btn"> <div id="block-navigation-2-menu" class="hamburger-menu-header">Navigation</div> <ul class="hamburger-menu-list"> <li> <a href="/about" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="About">About</a> </li> <li> <a href="/academics" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Academics">Academics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/admissions" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Admissions">Admissions</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Research">Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/student-life" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Life at Pitt">Life at Pitt</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://pittsburghpanthers.com/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Athletics">Athletics</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="block-hamburgermenuuppercolumn2" class="hamburger-menu-upper-column block block-blockgroup block-block-grouphamburger-menu-upper-"> <button is="menu-blockquick-links-3-btn" class="collapse-trigger--md collapsed hamburger-menu-header-btn" role="tab" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#menu-blockquick-links-3" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-blockquick-links-3" data-gtm="">Colleges & Schools</button> <div class="collapse-target--md collapse" id="menu-blockquick-links-3" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-blockquick-links-3-btn"> <div id="block-collegesschools-2-menu" class="hamburger-menu-header">Colleges & Schools</div> <ul class="hamburger-menu-list"> <li> <a href="https://www.as.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Arts & Sciences">Arts & Sciences</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.business.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Business">Business</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.sci.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Computing & Information">Computing & Information</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.dental.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Dental Medicine">Dental Medicine</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.education.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Education">Education</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.engineering.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Engineering">Engineering</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.cgs.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="General Studies">General Studies</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Health & Rehabilitation">Health & Rehabilitation</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.honors.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Honors College">Honors College</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.law.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Law">Law</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.medschool.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Medicine">Medicine</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.nursing.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Nursing">Nursing</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.pharmacy.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Pharmacy">Pharmacy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.gspia.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Public & Intl Affairs">Public & Intl Affairs</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://publichealth.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Public Health">Public Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.socialwork.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Social Work">Social Work</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-hamburgermenulower" class="hamburger-menu-lower block block-blockgroup block-block-grouphamburger-menu-lower"> <div id="block-hamburgermenulowercolumn1" class="hamburger-menu-lower-column block block-blockgroup block-block-grouphamburger-menu-lower-column-1"> <button is="menu-blockinfo-menu-btn" class="collapse-trigger--md collapsed hamburger-menu-header-btn" role="tab" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#menu-blockinfo-menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu-blockinfo-menu" data-gtm="">Info For</button> <div class="collapse-target--md collapse" id="menu-blockinfo-menu" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="menu-blockinfo-menu-btn"> <div id="block-infomenu-2-menu" class="hamburger-menu-header">Info For</div> <ul class="hamburger-menu-list"> <li class="hamburger-menu-list-wrapper"> <ul class="hamburger-menu-list"> <li> <a href="http://coronavirus.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="COVID-19 Response">COVID-19 Response</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.alumni.pitt.edu/s/1729/alumni/home.aspx?gid=2&pgid=2381" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Alumni">Alumni</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="hamburger-menu-list"> <li> <a href="https://www.community.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Community">Community</a> </li> <li> <a href="/global" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Global">Global</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.sustainable.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-utilityNavCategory" data-contentTitle="Sustainability">Sustainability</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="block-hamburgermenulowercolumn2" class="hamburger-menu-lower-column block block-blockgroup block-block-grouphamburger-menu-lower-column-2"> <div id="block-socialmedialinks-4" class="hamburger-menu-social block-social-media-links block block-social-media-links-block"> <ul class="social-media-links--platforms platforms inline horizontal"> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--twitter" href="https://www.twitter.com/PittTweet" > <i class="micon fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/pittofficial" > <i class="micon fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Instagram</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/upitt" > <i class="micon fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/pittweb" > <i class="micon fa-youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Youtube</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="pittwire-search-menu" class="modal modal--side navigation-slide-menu right" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="modal-content"> <!-- modal - header --> <div class="modal-header"> <!-- modal - dismiss --> <button type="button" class="modal-dismiss-button" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close" data-gtm=""> <span class="sr-only">Close</span> </button> </div> <!-- modal - body --> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="search-menu-wrapper"> <div class="search-menu-header">Search Pittwire</div> <div class="search-menu-typeahead-wrapper"> <div class="search-menu-typeahead"> <label for="main-search-nav" class="sr-only">Search</label> <!-- cse markup --> <div class="gcse-searchbox-only" data-enableHistory="true" data-autoCompleteMaxCompletions="5" data-autoCompleteMatchType="any" data-resultsUrl="/pittwire/search-results"></div> </div> </div> <div class="search-menu-footer"> <a href="https://www.pitt.edu/search-results" class="arrow">Search www.pitt.edu</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Main Container --> <main class="main-container" id="content"> <article class="main-content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-pitt-pittwire-mainpagecontent" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <!-- Main Content --> <main class="main-container"> <!-- hero banner --> <div class="hero-banner hero-banner--fixed-height ones-to-watch" role="region" aria-label="Hero area"> <!-- hero banner media --> <div class="hero-banner-media"> <figure> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-article-ones-to-watch-hero"> <div class="field field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img src="/sites/default/files/2021-07/cl-ones-to-watch-bg.jpg" alt="Pittsburgh Campus" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> </article> </figure> </div> <!-- hero banner content container --> <div class="hero-banner-content-container"> <div class="hero-banner-content"> <div class="hero-banner-title"> <div class="field field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> Ones to Watch </div> </div> <h1 class="hero-banner-heading field field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"> Meghna Hingorani </h1> </div> <div class="hero-banner-content-image"> <figure> <article class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-article-secondary-image"> <div class="field field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img src="/sites/default/files/2023-09/4589_meghnahingorani_md_0011a_o2w.jpg" alt="Hingorani" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> </div> </article> </figure> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Layout level --> <div class="layout"> <div class="layout--article"> <!-- left column --> <div class="left-column"> <div class="left-nav-content"> <div class="pittwire-heading">Tags</div> <ul class="pittwire-tag-list field field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__items"> <li class="field__item"> Students </li> <li class="field__item"> Pittsburgh Campus </li> </ul> <div id="block-socialsharingblock-2" class="block block-social-media block-social-sharing-block"> <ul class="left-nav-menu-social"> <li> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="twitter share" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.pitt.edu/pittwire/ones-watch/meghna-hingorani-saxbys-ceo&hashtags=Hashtag" title="Share on Twitter - opens in a new window"> <img alt="Share on Twitter - opens in a new window" src="https://www.pitt.edu//libraries/xtwitter/icons/xtwitter.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="facebook-share share" href="http://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://www.pitt.edu/pittwire/ones-watch/meghna-hingorani-saxbys-ceo&title=Meghna Hingorani" title="Share on Facebook - opens in a new window"> <img alt="Share on Facebook - opens in a new window" src="https://www.pitt.edu/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/facebook_share.svg"> </a> </li> <li> <a class="email share" href="mailto:?subject=Meghna Hingorani&body=Check out this site https://www.pitt.edu/pittwire/ones-watch/meghna-hingorani-saxbys-ceo" title="Share via Email"> <img alt="Share via Email" src="https://www.pitt.edu/modules/contrib/social_media/icons/email.svg"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <!-- Subscribe Module --> <div id="block-subscribetopittwire" class="subscribe-wrapper block block-fixed-block-content block-fixed-block-contentsubscribe-to-pittwire"> <div class="subscribe-inner"> <figure class="field field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/subscription_callout/public/2021-07/img-pittwire-subscribe.png?h=7f3918f9&itok=hC3ZYfSz" alt="FPO Tower" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-subscription-callout" /> </figure> <div class="subscribe-content"> <h2 class="subscribe-content-title field field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"> Subscribe to Pittwire Today </h2> Get the most interesting and important stories from the University of Pittsburgh. </div> </div> <div class="subscribe-form"> <div class="subscribe-form-btn"> <a href="/subscribe-pittwire" class="btn-submit"> Subscribe </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Main Content --> <section class="main-content"> <div role="article" about="/pittwire/ones-watch/meghna-hingorani-saxbys-ceo" class="content-well"> <h2 class="field field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"> Everybody’s bestie thrives in business and dreams of Bollywood. </h2> <p>She’ll be your friend. In fact, call her “Bestie Meg.”</p> <p>That’s how Meghna Hingorani referred to herself when she was the Student Cafe Executive Officer (SCEO) of Saxbys coffee shop in the Cathedral of Learning last spring. She called her teammates and customers “bestie,” too — and even used the term when interviewing for the job with executives in the multimillion dollar company. </p> <p>The SCEO program is part of Saxbys’ Experiential Learning Platform, which offers undergraduate college students a chance to gain real business management experience for one semester. Students get corporate training and support for questions as needed, but otherwise it’s hands-off. The Philadelphia-based company opened two locations on Pitt’s campus in 2021, at Hillman Library and the Cathedral, and the first Student CEOs took the reins that fall.</p> <p>Hingorani, a finance major, received a salary and cooperative education course credit, enabling her to devote full-time attention to the café for the spring term. She managed it entirely, overseeing day-to-day operations and staff and spearheading administrative tasks like maintaining inventory of food and beverage ingredients, scheduling deliveries, managing the budget and promoting the shop on social media. She found that “bestie culture” built rapport among staff and customers, and also helped her focus on what was important when things got stressful — like when delivery delays meant the shop was out of tater tots for a bestselling sandwich three days in a row.</p> <p>“‘Bestie’ makes you remember relationships,” she said. “Plus it’s a form of inclusivity and can refer to anyone regardless of pronouns.”</p> <p>As an international student from India, inclusivity was paramount when Hingorani was choosing a university in the United States. Her aunt, Archana Hingorani, is a visiting professor in the Katz Business School’s accelerated MBA program, and at first Hingorani wanted to go somewhere no one in her family had been. Pitt turned out to be the best match, offering academics and affordability, and she quickly found a diverse friend group representing multiple ethnicities, countries of origin and perspectives.</p> <p>Still, there are things Hingorani misses about home. She hails from Mumbai, a lively city with a population of 21 million, dwarfing Pittsburgh’s bustle 70 times over. Needing more noise in the “stone quiet ’Burgh,” Hingorani always keeps earbuds in while walking around campus or studying in the library, piping in the familiar sounds of her favorite Bollywood music. In her apartment, she might flip on her favorite film, one she’s watched at least 50 times: “Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani” (“This Youth is Crazy”), about four friends who diverge to follow separate careers but eventually find their way back to each other. Hingorani never gets bored of heart-warming life lessons told through the colorful song and dance characteristic of popular Bollywood movies. It’s a passion, she says, and a reminder of home.</p> <p>A sense of home also influenced her Saxbys work. She created the first team member Drink of the Week featuring a shot of chai — a tea native to India that she remembers her grandmother drinking every day while she was growing up. Hingorani launched the Drink of the Week to brew buzz among customers and involve employees in creating the menu. Each new drink — such as a thin mint cold brew or Nutella hot chocolate — sold well the week it was featured and thereafter, boosting profit overall.</p> <p>Hingorani hopes her SCEO experience and those memorable Bollywood storylines will come together someday; she dreams of eventually using her skills to help produce films. With besties by her side along the way, of course.</p> <p>“My biggest fear is losing relationships, and my biggest strength is how I value them,” Hingorani says. “Goals are important, but relationships are most important.”</p> <p> </p> <p><em>— Liberty Ferda, photography by Mike Drazdzinski</em></p> </div> <div class="pittwire_byline"> </div> </section> <!-- Right Rail --> <div class="right-rail"> <!-- Right Rail Content Here --> <div class="right-rail-content"> <div class="pittwire-heading">Trending</div> <div><div class="view view-trending-articles view-id-trending_articles view-display-id-trending js-view-dom-id-b8cc55b0cf588f1b2a76fa3586752ec5bbf81079900c000a70405504ac3ea5a5"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="news-card views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><h2 class="news-card-title"><a href="/pittwire/accolades-honors/2024/11/20/clarivate-highly-cited-researchers">2 dozen Pitt researchers made Clarivate’s annual Highly Cited list</a></h2> </span></div></div> <div class="news-card views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><h2 class="news-card-title"><a href="/pittwire/accolades-honors/2024/11/07/chancellors-staff-awards">Chancellor Joan Gabel recognized 9 staff members with top awards</a></h2> </span></div></div> <div class="news-card views-row"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><h2 class="news-card-title"><a href="/pittwire/features-articles/2024/11/11/signing-day-startups-innovation">Pitt’s first signing day for startups celebrated a milestone for researcher-entrepreneurs </a></h2> </span></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout--wide"> <!-- Main Content --> <section class="main-content"> </section> </div> </main> </div> </div> </article> </main> <footer class="footer"> <div class="footer-bg field field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/footer_background/public/2021-03/img-bridge.png?itok=YCj_wGW3" alt="Bridge Icon" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-footer-background" /> </div> <div id="block-pitt-pittwire-footerblocks" class="footer-container"> <!-- Logo and Links --> <div class="footer-navigation" data-max-columns="2"> <div id="block-pitt-pittwire-sitebranding-2" class="footer-navigation-logo block block-system block-system-branding-block"> <a href="/" title="University of Pittsburgh" rel="home" class="site-logo"> <img src="/themes/custom/pitt_pittwire/logo.svg" alt="University of Pittsburgh" /> </a> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-globalmenu-2-menu" id="block-globalmenu-2" class="menu--footer block block-menu navigation menu--global-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-globalmenu-2-menu">Global Menu</h2> <ul> <li> <a href="https://admissions.pitt.edu/apply/">Apply</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://admissions.pitt.edu/visit/unscripted/">Visit</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.giveto.pitt.edu/s/1729/18/home-giving.aspx?gid=2&pgid=2135">Give</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pittwire" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/18">Pittwire</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://calendar.pitt.edu/">Events</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="footer-main" data-max-columns="2"> <!-- Footer Main Menu --> <div class="footer-sitemap" data-max-columns="2"> <ul> <li> <a href="/about" class="data-gtm-footerLinksCategory">About</a> </li> <li> <a href="/academics" class="data-gtm-footerLinksCategory">Academics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/admissions" class="data-gtm-footerLinksCategory">Admissions</a> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <a href="/research" class="data-gtm-footerLinksCategory">Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/student-life" class="data-gtm-footerLinksCategory">Life at Pitt</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://pittsburghpanthers.com/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksCategory">Athletics</a> </li> </ul> <!-- End Main Menu --> </div> <div id="block-footerquicklinksandcontact-2" class="block block-blockgroup block-block-groupfooter-quick-links-and-contact"> <!-- Quick Links and Contact Info --> <div class="footer-quicklinks"> <!-- Quick Links --> <div class="collapse--secondary" data-max-columns="2"> <div id="block-pitt-pittwire-footerquicklinkscolumn1" class="block block-blockgroup block-block-groupfooter-quick-links-column-1"> <!-- collapse item --> <div class="footer-quicklinks-item"> <button id="quick-links-resources" class="collapse-trigger--md collapsed footer-quicklinks-item-header" role="tab" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapse-item-quick-links-resources" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapse-item-quick-links-resources" data-gtm="">Quick Links & Resources</button> <div id="collapse-item-quick-links-resources" class="collapse-target--md collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="quick-links-resources"> <div class="collapse-content"> <div class="footer-quicklinks-item-header">Quick Links & Resources</div> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.diversity.pitt.edu/accessibility-statement" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Accessibility Statement</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.affordability.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Affordability</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.join.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Careers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/general-info" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Consumer Info/Achievement</a> </li> <li> <a href="/contact" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Contact Us</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.academics.pitt.edu/programs/a-z" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Departments A-Z</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.diversity.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Diversity, Equity and Inclusion</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://find.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Find People</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.technology.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Information Technology</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.lgbtq.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">LGBTQ+</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.diversity.pitt.edu/notice-nondiscrimination-and-anti-harassment-policy-statement" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Nondiscrimination and Anti-Harassment Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.pitt.edu/privacy-policy" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.pitt.edu/accountability" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Promoting Accountability and Trust</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://my.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">My Pitt</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <!-- collapse item --> <div class="footer-quicklinks-item"> <button id="regional-campuses" class="collapse-trigger--md collapsed footer-quicklinks-item-header" role="tab" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapse-item-regional-campuses" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapse-item-regional-campuses" data-gtm="">Regional Campuses</button> <div id="collapse-item-regional-campuses" class="collapse-target--md collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="regional-campuses"> <div class="collapse-content"> <div class="footer-quicklinks-item-header">Regional Campuses</div> <ul> <li> <a href="https://upb.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Bradford</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.greensburg.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Greensburg</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.johnstown.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Johnstown</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.titusville.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Titusville</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-pitt-pittwire-footerquicklinkscolumn2" class="block block-blockgroup block-block-groupfooter-quick-links-column-2"> <!-- collapse item --> <div class="footer-quicklinks-item"> <button id="colleges-schools" class="collapse-trigger--md collapsed footer-quicklinks-item-header" role="tab" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapse-item-colleges-schools" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="collapse-item-colleges-schools" data-gtm="">Colleges & Schools</button> <div id="collapse-item-colleges-schools" class="collapse-target--md collapse" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="colleges-schools"> <div class="collapse-content"> <div class="footer-quicklinks-item-header">Colleges & Schools</div> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.as.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Arts & Sciences</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.business.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Business</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.sci.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Computing & Information</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.dental.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Dental Medicine</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.education.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Education</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.engineering.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Engineering</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.cgs.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">General Studies</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.shrs.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Health & Rehabilitation</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.honors.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Honors College</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.law.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Law</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.medschool.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Medicine</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.nursing.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Nursing</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.pharmacy.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Pharmacy</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.gspia.pitt.edu" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Public & Intl Affairs</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://publichealth.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Public Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.socialwork.pitt.edu/" class="data-gtm-footerLinksKPI">Social Work</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="block-footercontact-2" class="footer-contact block block-blockgroup block-block-groupfooter-contact"> <div id="block-footersiteinformation-2" class="block block-block-content block-block-content60643064-ee6c-4394-90c4-9e061373c0d4"> <div class="field field--type-address field--label-hidden field__item"> <p class="address" translate="no"><span class="address-line1">4200 Fifth Ave.</span><br> <span class="locality">Pittsburgh</span>, <span class="administrative-area">PA</span> <span class="postal-code">15260</span><br> <span class="country">United States</span></p> </div> <div class="field field--type-telephone field--label-hidden field__item"> <a href="tel:+1-412-624-4141">+1 412-624-4141</a> </div> </div> <div id="block-socialmedialinks-2" class="block-social-media-links block block-social-media-links-block"> <ul class="social-media-links--platforms platforms inline horizontal"> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--twitter" href="https://www.twitter.com/PittTweet" target="_blank" > <i class="micon fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/pittofficial" target="_blank" > <i class="micon fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Instagram</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/upitt" target="_blank" > <i class="micon fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li> <a class="social-media-link-icon--youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/pittweb" target="_blank" > <i class="micon fa-youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="platform--name visually-hidden">Youtube</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/15391","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":true,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"0","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"#block-socialmedialinks","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":false,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site. We are not responsible for their content.","mailtoClass":"0","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"45709791c536f1a56041d94d00891fba6b9156605a804ed14b7a260a9fb3cf47"}}</script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/gsap/dist/gsap.min.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/gsap/dist/ScrollTrigger.min.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js?v=3.6.0"></script> <script src="/core/misc/polyfills/element.matches.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/core/misc/polyfills/object.assign.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/once/once.min.js?v=1.0.1"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery-once/jquery.once.min.js?v=2.2.3"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupalSettingsLoader.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupal.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupal.init.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/core/misc/debounce.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/collapse-native.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/collapse.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/transition.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/hoverintent.min.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/navigation.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/userInterface.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/zensource_front_end/js/global.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/core/misc/jquery.once.bc.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/extlink/extlink.js?v=9.3.21"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/modal-native.js?snivi4"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/modal.js?snivi4"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/pitt_default/js/card.js?snivi4"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-32db2f37a7e1f41235a","applicationID":"1009016335","transactionName":"NAAAYUNYCBFXVEddVw1KI1ZFUAkMGUdSU108BgNWWVw=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":21,"atts":"GEcDFwtCGx8=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>