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</a> <ul id="toc-2007_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 2008 election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.3 2012 election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.4 2014 election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Mayor of the District of Columbia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Mayor of the District of Columbia subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Animal_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animal_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Animal control </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animal_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Arts and culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Autonomous_vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Autonomous_vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Autonomous vehicles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Autonomous_vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Budgeting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Budgeting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Budgeting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Budgeting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign_finance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign_finance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Campaign finance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign_finance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contracting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contracting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Contracting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contracting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_pandemic_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_pandemic_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 COVID-19 pandemic response </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_pandemic_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Crime </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.9 Development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.10 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emergency_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergency_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.11 Emergency services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergency_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.12 Environment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_transparency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_transparency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.13 Government transparency </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_transparency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gun_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gun_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.14 Gun control </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gun_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.15 Health care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homelessness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homelessness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.16 Homelessness </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homelessness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Housing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Housing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.17 Housing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Housing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.18 Immigration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.19 Policing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Policing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.20 Protests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.21 Public services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_utilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_utilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.22 Public utilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_utilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sexual_harassment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_harassment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.23 Sexual harassment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_harassment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traffic_safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traffic_safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.24 Traffic safety </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traffic_safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.25 Transportation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urban_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.26 Urban development </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Youth_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Youth_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.27 Youth services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Youth_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Involvement_in_national_politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Involvement_in_national_politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.28 Involvement in national politics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Involvement_in_national_politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 2018 election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Electoral history </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Electoral history subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2004" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2004"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 2004 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2004-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 2006 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2007" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 2007 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 2008 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 2012 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 2014 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 2018 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 2022 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Publications </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Publications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Publications subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Articles </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Muriel Bowser</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" > 27 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="موريل بوزر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="موريل بوزر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="موریل بووسر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="موریل بووسر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%81" title="Μιούριελ Μπάουζερ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μιούριελ Μπάουζερ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="موریل باوزر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="موریل باوزر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AE%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%BC_%EB%B0%94%EC%9A%B0%EC%A0%80" title="뮤리얼 바우저 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뮤리얼 바우저" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D4%B2%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մյուրիել Բաուզեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մյուրիել Բաուզեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%95%D7%96%D7%A8" title="מיוריאל באוזר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיוריאל באוזר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="موريل بوسير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="موريل بوسير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muriel_Bowser" title="Muriel Bowser – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Muriel Bowser" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a 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(July 2022) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Muriel Bowser</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Muriel_Bowser_official_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Muriel_Bowser_official_photo.jpg/220px-Muriel_Bowser_official_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Muriel_Bowser_official_photo.jpg/330px-Muriel_Bowser_official_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Muriel_Bowser_official_photo.jpg/440px-Muriel_Bowser_official_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="1460" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2019</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">8th <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office January 2, 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_C._Gray" title="Vincent C. Gray">Vincent C. Gray</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a> from <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Washington,_D.C.#Ward_4" title="Neighborhoods in Washington, D.C.">Ward 4</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 2, 2007 – January 2, 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Fenty" title="Adrian Fenty">Adrian Fenty</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Todd_(politician)" title="Brandon Todd (politician)">Brandon Todd</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Advisory_Neighborhood_Commission" title="Advisory Neighborhood Commission">Advisory Neighborhood Commission</a> from the 4B09 district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 2, 2005 – January 2, 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Sandra Battle</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Douglass Sloan</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Muriel Elizabeth Bowser</div> (1972-08-02) August 2, 1972 (age 52) <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chatham_University" title="Chatham University">Chatham University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>) <a href="/wiki/American_University" title="American University">American University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Public_Policy" title="Master of Public Policy">MPP</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Muriel_Bowser_signature_2018_6823bf.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Muriel Bowser's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Muriel_Bowser_signature_2018_6823bf.png/128px-Muriel_Bowser_signature_2018_6823bf.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Muriel_Bowser_signature_2018_6823bf.png/192px-Muriel_Bowser_signature_2018_6823bf.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/46/Muriel_Bowser_signature_2018_6823bf.png 2x" data-file-width="212" data-file-height="121" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Muriel Elizabeth Bowser (born August 2, 1972) is an American politician who has been serving as the 8th and current <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</a> since 2015. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>, she previously represented the <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Neighborhoods in Washington, D.C.">4th ward</a> as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a> from 2007 to 2015. She is the second female mayor of the District of Columbia after <a href="/wiki/Sharon_Pratt" title="Sharon Pratt">Sharon Pratt</a>, and the first woman to be reelected to that position. Elected to the <a href="/wiki/Advisory_Neighborhood_Commission" title="Advisory Neighborhood Commission">Advisory Neighborhood Commission</a> in 2004, Bowser was elected to the council in a special election in 2007, to succeed <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Fenty" title="Adrian Fenty">Adrian Fenty</a>, who had been <a href="/wiki/2006_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2006 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">elected mayor</a>. She was reelected in 2008 and 2012 and ran for mayor in the <a href="/wiki/2014_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2014 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">2014 election</a>. She defeated incumbent mayor <a href="/wiki/Vincent_C._Gray" title="Vincent C. Gray">Vincent C. Gray</a> in the Democratic primary and won the general election against three independent and two minor party candidates with 55% of the vote. <a href="/wiki/2018_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2018 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">In 2018</a>, Bowser won a second term with 76.4% of the vote, then a third term <a href="/wiki/2022_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2022 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">in 2022</a> with 74.6% of the vote. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education">edit</a>]</div> The youngest of six children of Joe and Joan Bowser,<a href="#cite_note-fivethings-1">[1]</a> Her father was D.C.-based public advocate who worked as a public servant and employee in D.C.-area schools.<a href="#cite_note-fatherjoebowser-2">[2]</a> Bowser was born in Washington D.C., and grew up in <a href="/wiki/North_Michigan_Park,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="North Michigan Park, Washington, D.C.">North Michigan Park</a> in northeast D.C.<a href="#cite_note-asserts-3">[3]</a> In 1990, she graduated from <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Seton_High_School" title="Elizabeth Seton High School">Elizabeth Seton High School</a>, a private all-girls Catholic high school located in <a href="/wiki/Bladensburg,_Maryland" title="Bladensburg, Maryland">Bladensburg, Maryland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> She received a college scholarship because of her above average grades.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Bowser graduated from <a href="/wiki/Chatham_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatham College">Chatham College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>, Pennsylvania, with a bachelor's degree in history, and she graduated from the <a href="/wiki/American_University_School_of_Public_Affairs" title="American University School of Public Affairs">American University School of Public Affairs</a> with a Masters in Public Policy.<a href="#cite_note-wplocal-7">[7]</a> According to Bowser, she never envisioned herself as an elected politician, but possibly an appointed agency administrator.<a href="#cite_note-washingtonian-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career_2004–2014">Political career 2004–2014</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career 2004–2014">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advisory_Neighborhood_Commission">Advisory Neighborhood Commission</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Advisory Neighborhood Commission">edit</a>]</div> Bowser began her political career in 2004, running unopposed for the <a href="/wiki/Advisory_Neighborhood_Commission" title="Advisory Neighborhood Commission">Advisory Neighborhood Commission</a> (ANC). She represented district 4B09, which includes the neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Riggs_Park" title="Riggs Park">Riggs Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2004g-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-hopefuls-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> She was unopposed again in 2006 when she ran for re-election.<a href="#cite_note-2006g-12">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Council of the District of Columbia">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muriel_Bowser_dc.gov_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Muriel_Bowser_dc.gov_photo.jpg/170px-Muriel_Bowser_dc.gov_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Muriel_Bowser_dc.gov_photo.jpg/255px-Muriel_Bowser_dc.gov_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Muriel_Bowser_dc.gov_photo.jpg/340px-Muriel_Bowser_dc.gov_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Bowser's official Council photo, 2015</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2007_election">2007 election</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2007 election">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Fenty" title="Adrian Fenty">Adrian Fenty</a>, Member of the Council of the District of Columbia representing Ward 4, ran for Mayor of the District of Columbia. Bowser was his campaign coordinator for Ward 4.<a href="#cite_note-crowded-13">[13]</a> When Fenty was elected mayor in 2006, a special election was called to fill his council seat. Bowser, among many others, announced her candidacy.<a href="#cite_note-crowded-13">[13]</a> During a political forum with 17 of the 19 council candidates in attendance, Bowser was the only candidate present who supported Fenty's proposed takeover of the District public school system, saying that the school system needed to change.<a href="#cite_note-takeover-14">[14]</a> When Fenty announced his support of Bowser,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> some critics said that, if elected, she would always vote as Fenty wished, ignoring the needs of her constituents.<a href="#cite_note-hopefuls-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-focus-16">[16]</a> Other critics took note of developers who had contributed to Bowser's campaign, claiming she would favor developers over her constituents.<a href="#cite_note-heat-17">[17]</a> While an ANC commissioner, Bowser had voted in favor of a zoning variance for a condominium development to be built by a developer who had contributed several hundred dollars to her campaign, which some critics derided as a conflict of interest.<a href="#cite_note-support-18">[18]</a> Bowser maintained that she had supported the development project before running for Council.<a href="#cite_note-heat-17">[17]</a> The editorial page of <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> favored Bowser in the election.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The local councils of the <a href="/wiki/AFL%E2%80%93CIO" class="mw-redirect" title="AFL–CIO">AFL–CIO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Service_Employees_International_Union" title="Service Employees International Union">Service Employees International Union</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Fraternal_Order_of_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraternal Order of Police">Fraternal Order of Police</a> also endorsed Bowser in the election, but the <a href="/wiki/American_Federation_of_State,_County_and_Municipal_Employees" title="American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees">American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees</a> endorsed her opponent, <a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Brown_(Washington_D.C._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael A. Brown (Washington D.C. politician)">Michael A. Brown</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-dueling-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Bowser won the special election with 40% of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-2007g-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2008_election">2008 election</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2008 election">edit</a>]</div> In 2008, Bowser announced her reelection campaign for the council. Three individuals ran against her in the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary</a>,<a href="#cite_note-2008opponents-24">[24]</a> namely: Baruti Akil Jahi, former president of the <a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Park" title="Shepherd Park">Shepherd Park</a> Citizens Association;<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Malik Mendenhall-Johnson, then serving as Advisory Neighborhood Commissioner of <a href="/wiki/Manor_Park,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Manor Park, Washington, D.C.">4B04</a>;<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> and Paul E. Montague, who had been Advisory Neighborhood Commissioner of <a href="/wiki/Riggs_Park" title="Riggs Park">4B07</a> before being <a href="/wiki/Recall_election" title="Recall election">recalled</a> in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Both Jahi and Mendenhall-Johnson criticized Bowser, saying she was a rubber stamp for Mayor Fenty and that she was unconcerned with her constituents' needs.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> No candidates' names were on the ballot for the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> or <a href="/wiki/D.C._Statehood_Green_Party" title="D.C. Statehood Green Party">D.C. Statehood Green</a> primaries.<a href="#cite_note-2008opponents-24">[24]</a> The Washington Post's editorial department endorsed Bowser's candidacy.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The Gertrude Stein Democratic Club also voted to endorse Bowser's reelection.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Bowser won the Democratic Party primary election, receiving 75 percent of votes.<a href="#cite_note-2008p-31">[31]</a> Jahi received 19%, Montague received 3%, and Mendenhall-Johnson received 2%.<a href="#cite_note-2008p-31">[31]</a> With no one else appearing on the subsequent general election ballot,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Bowser won the general election with 97 percent of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-2008g-33">[33]</a> In 2011, Bowser was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Metropolitan_Area_Transportation_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority">Washington Metropolitan Area Transportation Authority</a> board of governors, a position she held until 2015.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2012_election">2012 election</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2012 election">edit</a>]</div> Bowser ran for reelection in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-opposes-37">[37]</a> Bowser said she would not turn down donations from corporations.<a href="#cite_note-opposes-37">[37]</a> Candidate Max Skolnik criticized Bowser for receiving campaign contributions from developers, corporate bundlers, and lobbyists, saying that Bowser would favor the interests of these corporate donors.<a href="#cite_note-opposes-37">[37]</a> Bowser said she was not in favor of banning corporations from making political donations altogether, saying that doing so would make it more difficult to track where campaign donations come from.<a href="#cite_note-opposes-37">[37]</a> She also said that corporations are banned from donating to federal elections, but that corporations still find ways to give to campaigns.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Bowser's candidacy was endorsed by the editorial boards of The Washington Post<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> and the Washington City Paper.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Bowser won the Democratic primary with 66% of the vote, to Renee L. Bowser's (no relation) 13%, Max Skolnik's 9%, Baruti Jahi's 5%, Judi Jones' 3%, and <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Gurley" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvin Gurley">Calvin Gurley</a>'s 2%.<a href="#cite_note-2012p-41">[41]</a> Unopposed in the general election,<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> she was elected with 97% of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-2012g-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2014_election">2014 election</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2014 election">edit</a>]</div> On March 23, 2013, Bowser announced that she would run for <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2014_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2014 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">2014 election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-launches-44">[44]</a> Her campaign's chair was former council member <a href="/wiki/William_Lightfoot" title="William Lightfoot">William Lightfoot</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Bowser emphasized that she can connect with longtime residents concerned about the rapid changes occurring in the District, while still celebrating the changes that had occurred.<a href="#cite_note-escape-46">[46]</a> Bowser disdained business-as-usual and corruption in the District's government.<a href="#cite_note-escape-46">[46]</a> She favored free Metro fares for students.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> She was against increasing the minimum wage only for employees of large retailers.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Bowser was criticized for being too inexperienced for the position,<a href="#cite_note-escape-46">[46]</a> with too few legislative accomplishments while on the council,<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> and for having a platform that was short on details.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> She limited the number of debates by only agreeing to participate after the field of candidates had been set, which postponed the first debate until August.<a href="#cite_note-debates-51">[51]</a> Bowser was endorsed by <a href="/wiki/EMILY%27s_List" title="EMILY's List">EMILY's List</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> and the editorial board of <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> She won the Democratic mayoral <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary election</a> with 43 percent of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> To raise funds for her campaign she accepted contributions in excess of legal limits, for which she was fined after winning the election.<a href="#cite_note-campaignfines-55">[55]</a> In the general election, Bowser was on the ballot with <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Catania" title="David Catania">David Catania</a>, Nestor Djonkam and <a href="/wiki/Carol_Schwartz" title="Carol Schwartz">Carol Schwartz</a>, <a href="/wiki/D.C._Statehood_Green_Party" title="D.C. Statehood Green Party">D.C. Statehood Green</a> <a href="/wiki/Faith_Dane" title="Faith Dane">Faith Dane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> Bruce Majors. No Republican filed.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Bowser won the election with 80,824 votes (54.53%) to Catania's 35% and Schwartz's 7%, and took office on January 2, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Mayor of the District of Columbia">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animal_control">Animal control</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Animal control">edit</a>]</div> In 2017, Bowser proposed several animal regulations, including a ban on backyard chickens, a requirement that all cats be licensed, and a provision that seemed to outlaw leaving dog feces in private yards for more than 24 hours.<a href="#cite_note-animal-58">[58]</a> Following public backlash, the City Administrator clarified that "this is not a war on pets" and the proposals were withdrawn.<a href="#cite_note-animal-58">[58]</a> Later the same year, the Department of Health began to enforce an existing law banning dogs from outdoor bar patios.<a href="#cite_note-dogs-59">[59]</a> Following public objections, the D.C. Council changed the law to allow business owners to decide whether or not to allow dogs.<a href="#cite_note-dogschange-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Arts and culture">edit</a>]</div> Asserting legal authority that was questioned by the D.C. Council, in 2019 Bowser illegally took control of the art collection owned by the D.C. Commission on the Arts and Humanities and sought to bring the organization under her control.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Bowser's power struggle saw staff of the Commission locked out of their jobs without warning.<a href="#cite_note-dccah-62">[62]</a> Bowser used her third ever veto to block legislation that would have preserved the independence of the organization, which also provides grants to hundreds of artists.<a href="#cite_note-veto-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Autonomous_vehicles">Autonomous vehicles</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Autonomous vehicles">edit</a>]</div> In February 2018, Bowser announced the formation of a work group, with members drawn from various agencies, to explore the benefits of, and prepare the District for, autonomous vehicle technology. The city and the Southwest Business Improvement District are also exploring possibilities for a pilot shuttle program along 10th Street, S.W., possibly to supplement an existing service that connects visitors to popular District destinations. A "Request for Information" was released to firms with expertise in autonomous vehicle development.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Budgeting">Budgeting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Budgeting">edit</a>]</div> Bowser released the first budget of her second term in March 2019. The budget increased spending by 8.2% though revenue growth was expected around three percent. D.C. Auditor <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Patterson" class="mw-redirect" title="Kathy Patterson">Kathy Patterson</a> said the budget was not sustainable and fiscally irresponsible. Bowser responded by hailing her plan to make the <a href="/wiki/DC_Circulator" title="DC Circulator">DC Circulator</a> free of charge.<a href="#cite_note-wtop.budget-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-wpbudget-66">[66]</a> On multiple occasions, D.C. government agencies under Bowser's authority and led by her appointees lost millions in federal money because deadlines were missed. Over the course of Bowser's first administration, the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development offered the D.C. Department of Housing and Community Development millions for lead remediation of its aging housing supply. The DHCD target of remediating lead paint in 225 homes was not met, federal grant money was not spent, and eventually the program closed.<a href="#cite_note-leadpaint-67">[67]</a> In 2019, local organizations providing assistance to at risk populations missed out in $3.75 million when the responsible D.C. Government body failed to submit a timely application. Eleanor Holmes Norton and other D.C. officials pleaded with federal authorities to grant D.C. leniency so that local programs including Reading Partners D.C., The Literacy Lab, and City Year D.C. could receive funding.<a href="#cite_note-servedc-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign_finance">Campaign finance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Campaign finance">edit</a>]</div> In 2015, Bowser's allies formed FreshPAC, a <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">political action committee</a> intended to advance her agenda.<a href="#cite_note-fpac.opposition-69">[69]</a> The initiative was the first PAC in District politics so closely aligned with a sitting mayor and created by a former campaign treasurer. Thanks to a legislative loophole regulating off-year fundraising, FreshPAC accepted unlimited contributions. Bowser supporters had quickly raised more than $300,000 and had a goal of collecting $1 million by year's end.<a href="#cite_note-fpac.opposition-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-fpac.shutdown-70">[70]</a> FreshPAC was chaired by Earle "Chico" Horton III, a lobbyist for a major corporation that sought Bowser's support.<a href="#cite_note-wp.horton-71">[71]</a> Many of the highest donors participated in a trip to China with the mayor.<a href="#cite_note-fpac.china-72">[72]</a> Following outcry from the Washington Post, members of the D.C. Council, and other stakeholders, FreshPAC was shut down in November 2015.<a href="#cite_note-fpac.shutdown-70">[70]</a> Bowser said she thought FreshPAC was a good thing but its message was distorted.<a href="#cite_note-wp.reform-73">[73]</a> In 2017, the D.C. Office of Campaign Finance fined Bowser's campaign committee $13,000 for accepting contributions beyond legal maximums during her 2014 mayoral campaign. The excess contributions totaled more than $11,000 from more than a dozen developers and contractors, as well as from landlord Sanford Capital, whom the Bowser administration had been slow to fine despite being responsible for more than 1,000 housing code violations. Some of the same contributors later contributed to FreshPAC. Bowser's campaign returned the illegal contributions.<a href="#cite_note-campaignfines-55">[55]</a> In 2018, the D.C. Council unanimously passed campaign finance legislation that sought to remove the influence of developers and other large donors from politics by publicly financing campaigns.<a href="#cite_note-wp.finance2-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-wp.finance-75">[75]</a> Bowser was staunchly opposed to the act and said that she would not provide financing for implementation of the law.<a href="#cite_note-wp.finance2-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-wp.finance-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contracting">Contracting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Contracting">edit</a>]</div> In 2016, the head of D.C.'s Department of General Services resigned and contracting officials were fired following the award of a large construction project.<a href="#cite_note-whistleblower-76">[76]</a> One of the fired employees filed a $10 million whistleblower lawsuit alleging that he had been terminated for the failure to channel contracts to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Myer_Construction" title="Fort Myer Construction">Fort Myer Construction</a>, a major Bowser campaign donor; the other made similar allegations in an administrative proceeding. The episode prompted an investigation by Councilmember <a href="/wiki/Mary_Cheh" title="Mary Cheh">Mary Cheh</a>. In 2017, Cheh's report found that in addition to the questionable firings, a city employee had illegally shared confidential information with Fort Myer about a competitor's bid on a separate project. The report found that the D.C. City Administrator - the top Bowser appointed official - had urged quick settlement of unresolved contract disputes with Fort Myer in an attempt to appease it. These actions led to a $4 million in payouts to the firm, an outcome that the District has previously opposed.<a href="#cite_note-payout-77">[77]</a> After fighting unsuccessfully to keep the findings from public view, Bowser refused to comment on any of the points in the report.<a href="#cite_note-chehfindings-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COVID-19_pandemic_response">COVID-19 pandemic response</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: COVID-19 pandemic response">edit</a>]</div> Black residents in D.C. were killed by <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington,_D.C." title="COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.">COVID-19</a> at 5.9 times the rate of white people, the worst disparity in any major city.<a href="#cite_note-nprcovid-79">[79]</a> An investigation attributed the unequal toll to multiple strategic missteps by Bowser's administration. Among the shortcomings, a testing site was not established anywhere east of the Anacostia River and Bowser's health team was slow to solicit bids.<a href="#cite_note-nprcovid-79">[79]</a> In a rush to reopen the District in June 2020, her administration removed data from the government's website to avoid displaying how it had failed to meet a key metric.<a href="#cite_note-nprdata-80">[80]</a> In November 2020, Bowser traveled to Delaware with senior staff for a celebration of Joe Biden's victory despite the elevated risk of Coronavirus in the state and a travel advisory discouraging visits. Bowser claimed the trip to the festivities were "essential" while critics pointed out that she violated her own protocols.<a href="#cite_note-virustravel-81">[81]</a> As the pandemic subsided and vaccines became more readily available, Bowser's instructions on masking created confusion among business owners and the public. In April 2021, Bowser issued a mayoral order that patrons could enter dining establishments unmasked if they provided proof of vaccination upon request. After confused businesses owners asked for clarification, the mayoral order was removed.<a href="#cite_note-maskorder-82">[82]</a> In response to the rising number of COVID-19 cases caused by the <a href="/wiki/Delta_variant" class="mw-redirect" title="Delta variant">Delta variant</a>, in July 2021 Bowser announced a new indoor mask mandate. On the day that the reinstated mandate took effect, Bowser was found to have officiated an indoor wedding while unmasked.<a href="#cite_note-newmaskorder-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Bowser went under scrutiny for her actions during the COVID-19 pandemic for attending protests to "defund the police" while restricting people of faith from meeting in religious gathering as a congregation, even outside.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crime">Crime</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Crime">edit</a>]</div> During her first year as mayor, the district saw a 40% increase in homicides.<a href="#cite_note-searches-86">[86]</a> Bowser sought to address the spike by proposing legislation allowing law enforcement officials to perform warrantless searches of violent ex-offenders. The bill was widely opposed by citizen's groups and the D.C. Council, and did not pass.<a href="#cite_note-searches-86">[86]</a> In 2016, District homicides fell by 17%, to 135,<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> and dropped again in 2017 to 116, or about the same level prior to a 2015 spike.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-wtop.crime-89">[89]</a> There were 160 homicides in 2018, an increase of 40 percent from the previous year and the most since 2015.<a href="#cite_note-wp.crime-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-wp.homicides-91">[91]</a> Murders continued to rise in 2019, and by September 19, the homicide rate in the District reached 125, a 17 percent increase from the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-wusa9-92">[92]</a> 2021 marked the fourth straight year of increasing homicides, including a weekend in May in which 11 people were shot in the District.<a href="#cite_note-wp210503-93">[93]</a> By July 2021, DC had recorded 100 homicides, the earliest point in the year it had reached this milestone since 2003, and 217 killings were recorded by the end of the year, the highest in nearly two decades.<a href="#cite_note-wusa9.210712-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-nbc4.211231-95">[95]</a> In 2021, <a href="/wiki/Carjackings" class="mw-redirect" title="Carjackings">carjackings</a> in DC skyrocketed, reaching more than four times the level of the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-wusa9.210318-96">[96]</a> Following an attack in which a Pakistani Uber Eats driver <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Mohammad_Anwar" title="Murder of Mohammad Anwar">Mohammad Anwar</a> was murdered as the result of a brazen carjacking, Bowser released a tweet explaining that carjackings were a crime of opportunity, giving the impression that Anwar was responsible for his own death.<a href="#cite_note-wusa9.210329-97">[97]</a> Bowser later deleted the tweet, claiming that it was scheduled to go out before the death, but did not apologize or immediately offer any condolences to Anwar's family or condemnation of his killers, who are black, sparking backlash and accusations of racial bias.<a href="#cite_note-wusa9.210329-97">[97]</a> In 2021, the District's forensic crime lab lost its accreditation following a probe that determined the lab concealed conflicting findings and pressured examiners to change results in a firearms case and other mistakes.<a href="#cite_note-wtop210519-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-wtop210430-99">[99]</a> The investigation led to a criminal investigation of the lab's errors and the resignation of its head, Dr. Jenifer Smith. Days after the news about the lab was first reported, Bowser honored Smith as part of the "Washington Women of Excellence Awards".<a href="#cite_note-wtop210519-98">[98]</a> In 2023, the District experienced more homicides than in any other year since 1997. The uptick in homicides occurred while many other major cities saw a decrease in homicides in 2023. Bowser said that she believed the city's current approach to public safety allowed criminal offenders to avoid sufficient consequences.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</div> In February 2015, Bowser cancelled the creation of a public facility for art exhibitions, lectures and educational activities by the Institute for Contemporary Expression. Approved by Gray, the project involved a privately funded conversion of the historic but unused <a href="/wiki/Franklin_School_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Franklin School (Washington, D.C.)">Franklin School</a> and had its first event planned for September 2015.<a href="#cite_note-ice.wp-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-ice.cp-103">[103]</a> Bowser cited financial concerns for the decision, but critics noted that several of the firms who earlier competed unsuccessfully for the property were among her donors.<a href="#cite_note-ice.wp-102">[102]</a> As of October 2015, proposals were still being considered.<a href="#cite_note-ice.wbj-104">[104]</a> In September 2015, Bowser announced a deal with Monumental Sports owner <a href="/wiki/Ted_Leonsis" title="Ted Leonsis">Ted Leonsis</a> to build a practice facility for the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Wizards" title="Washington Wizards">Washington Wizards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ll.wizards-105">[105]</a> Under the deal, District taxpayers would pay 90 percent of the estimated $55 million cost.<a href="#cite_note-ll.wizards-105">[105]</a> The government's portion was split between direct government expenditure and <a href="/wiki/Events_DC" title="Events DC">Events DC</a>, a D.C.-government-funded body which operates with an independent board.<a href="#cite_note-thinkprogress-106">[106]</a> In July 2016, before construction had started, it was announced that costs would exceed estimates by $10 million while the number of seats in the facility would likely decrease.<a href="#cite_note-wp.overruns-107">[107]</a> Under the agreement with the developer, the District will be responsible for cost overruns.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Once the <a href="/wiki/St._Elizabeths_East_Entertainment_and_Sports_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Elizabeths East Entertainment and Sports Arena">St. Elizabeths East Entertainment and Sports Arena</a> was completed, operations costs exceeded estimates and the Events DC board approved more than $1 million in additional costs to cover the shortfall.<a href="#cite_note-wbj.operations-109">[109]</a> A contract for a firm to find naming rights for the facility was funded at $180,000 per year.<a href="#cite_note-wbj.operations-109">[109]</a> In May 2019, the D.C. auditor found that the Housing Production Trust Fund, which gives developers funding for affordable housing, had awarded funding to proposals that scored poorly and in one case received the lowest score. The successful but low rated projects were all proposed by developers who had made contributions to the mayor's campaign.<a href="#cite_note-hptfaudit-110">[110]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> In 2015, <a href="/wiki/D.C._Public_Schools" class="mw-redirect" title="D.C. Public Schools">D.C. Public Schools</a> Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Kaya_Henderson" title="Kaya Henderson">Kaya Henderson</a> routinely bent or broke school placement rules to give preferential treatment to well-connected parents seeking prized enrollments at particular D.C. public schools. Two senior Bowser appointees were among seven parents who benefited from Henderson's misuse of authority by being permitted to bypass the competitive DCPS lottery system.<a href="#cite_note-lottery-111">[111]</a> Deputy Mayor Courtney Snowden, who makes $196,000 a year, jumped a waitlist of more than 1000 names to enroll her child.<a href="#cite_note-schools-112">[112]</a> In 2018, it was revealed that Bowser's recently appointed Schools chancellor <a href="/wiki/Antwan_Wilson" title="Antwan Wilson">Antwan Wilson</a> had similarly manipulated the system to transfer Wilson's teenage daughter to a preferred school. Wilson and other staff resigned while Bowser refused a request to testify about Wilson's statement that she was aware of the placement, calling an inquiry "political circus".<a href="#cite_note-schools2-113">[113]</a> By 2018, management of D.C. Public Schools prompted investigation by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">Federal Bureau of Investigation</a>, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Education">U.S. Department of Education</a> and the D.C. Office of the Inspector General.<a href="#cite_note-devorak-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emergency_services">Emergency services</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Emergency services">edit</a>]</div> In February 2016, Bowser's appointee as medical director of the fire department resigned from her post after one year on the job. Explaining her decision, Jullette Saussy said that she could not be complicit in a failed agency and that its performance was putting Washingtonian's lives at risk. In response, Bowser's spokesperson said that she was committed to achieving change.<a href="#cite_note-wp.emergencyservices-115">[115]</a> In February 2022, Bowser reappointed Karima Holmes to lead the Office of Unified Communications, a position she previously held for six years. During her earlier period as director, the city's 911 system fell short of national standards and resulted in fatal consequences when first responders were sent to the wrong address.<a href="#cite_note-wtop.holmes-116">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Environment">edit</a>]</div> In January 2018, Bowser announced a $4.7 million investment in two islands in the <a href="/wiki/Anacostia_River" title="Anacostia River">Anacostia River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingman_Island" title="Kingman Island">45 acre Kingman Island and 5 acre Heritage Island</a>. She also designated portions of each island as a "state conservation area", which restricts their use to limited purposes including recreation and education. The funds will be used for improvements to the islands, including outdoor classrooms, walkways, a floating lab platform and bathrooms.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_transparency">Government transparency</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Government transparency">edit</a>]</div> In early 2018, the members of the D.C. Board of Ethics and Government Accountability voted unanimously not to renew the contract of Traci Hughes, head of D.C.'s government transparency entity, the Office of Open Government. Activists said Hughes was being punished for her enforcement of District regulations on government transparency. In the preceding year, she had faulted at least two public boards controlled by Bowser appointees for failure to comply with the city's Open Meetings Act, and had issued a decision that the board of United Medical Center, the District's troubled public hospital, had broken that law by secretly discussing and voting to close the facility's nursery and delivery rooms.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Hughes said after her dismissal that she had had to resist pressure to ease off in her role of policing District agencies' compliance with the Open Meetings Act and <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_(United_States)" title="Freedom of Information Act (United States)">Freedom of Information Act</a>; and that she had been subjected to "personal attacks in an effort to keep [her] from issuing an opinion" relating to Open Meetings Act compliance by the D.C. Commission on Selection and Tenure of Administrative Law Judges.<a href="#cite_note-wp.opengov-119">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gun_control">Gun control</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Gun control">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muriel_Bowser_at_Rally_for_DC_Lives_before_March_For_Our_Lives,_Washington_DC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Muriel_Bowser_at_Rally_for_DC_Lives_before_March_For_Our_Lives%2C_Washington_DC.jpg/220px-Muriel_Bowser_at_Rally_for_DC_Lives_before_March_For_Our_Lives%2C_Washington_DC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Muriel_Bowser_at_Rally_for_DC_Lives_before_March_For_Our_Lives%2C_Washington_DC.jpg/330px-Muriel_Bowser_at_Rally_for_DC_Lives_before_March_For_Our_Lives%2C_Washington_DC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Muriel_Bowser_at_Rally_for_DC_Lives_before_March_For_Our_Lives%2C_Washington_DC.jpg/440px-Muriel_Bowser_at_Rally_for_DC_Lives_before_March_For_Our_Lives%2C_Washington_DC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5714" data-file-height="3809" /></a><figcaption>Bowser at a <a href="/wiki/March_for_Our_Lives" title="March for Our Lives">March for Our Lives</a> rally in 2018</figcaption></figure> Bowser is a strong advocate of gun control, characterizing herself in her inaugural speech in January 2015 as "a mayor who hates guns".<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Bowser has encouraged the D.C. Council to ban <a href="/wiki/Bump_stock" title="Bump stock">bump stocks</a>, with the aim of forcing congressional Republicans to take a stand on the record on gun control and gun violence. "Americans are demanding common-sense action, and as leaders, we must listen and act. Bump stocks, which turn already dangerous weapons into lethal machines, have no place in our society," said Mayor Bowser.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] <a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Bowser was also "unusually supportive" of the <a href="/wiki/March_for_Our_Lives" title="March for Our Lives">March for Our Lives</a> rally in Washington, D.C. in March 2018, and in 2018 was said to be positioning herself as a national figure in the gun control movement.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Health care">edit</a>]</div> In 2016, <a href="/wiki/United_Medical_Center" title="United Medical Center">United Medical Center</a> was the sole government-owned hospital in D.C. In March of that year, on the advice of the Director of Health Care Finance, the D.C Council awarded the management of UMC to Veritas, a two-year-old politically connected firm.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> The husband of the Veritas CEO was a major donor to the Bowser campaign in 2014, and a longtime health care executive with experience overseeing troubled hospitals.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Veritas, however, failed to improve the quality of care and its tenure saw several cases of preventable patient deaths and negligence. By March 2017, the director of D.C.'s Department of Health was warning the UMC board about serious safety lapses in the hospital's <a href="/wiki/Obstetrics" title="Obstetrics">obstetrics</a> unit. By August, the Department of Health had shut down the ward due to its failure to meet minimum standards.<a href="#cite_note-umc.timeline-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-umc.obstetrics-127">[127]</a> Earlier, in July 2017, the hospital allowed a week to pass between the death of a nursing home patient and notification to his family. In August, another patient died under questionable circumstances. In September, the nurses union voted "<a href="/wiki/Vote_of_no_confidence" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote of no confidence">no confidence</a>" in the hospital's leadership and said that it had failed to address unsafe nurse-patient ratios and a lack of proper equipment.<a href="#cite_note-umc.nurses-128">[128]</a> Bowser administration officials refused repeated requests to disclose the specific medical lapses, and ultimately the council voted to remove Veritas.<a href="#cite_note-umc.unacceptable-129">[129]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Opioid_epidemic" title="Opioid epidemic">opioid epidemic</a> ravaged D.C., with a higher rate of fatal overdoses in 2017 among African Americans in D.C. than whites in West Virginia or New Hampshire. Though funding was available, the Department of Behavioral Health failed to establish adequate treatment programs.<a href="#cite_note-wp.heroin-130">[130]</a> In December 2018, the District announced an "ambitious" plan aiming to cut opioid deaths by half within about two years, using a combination of treatment, tracking and education. The plan was written by a "group of D.C. agencies, doctors, <a href="/wiki/Substance_abuse" title="Substance abuse">substance abuse</a> treatment providers, council members and individuals in recovery." Several of the plan's recommendations were described as "vague", or merely expanding on existing programs.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> Upon taking office in 2015, Bowser set a goal to halve the number of <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">HIV/AIDS</a> cases in the District by 2020. In 2019, the District continued to have one of the highest rates in the country. The number of diagnoses in the previous year was 360, decreasing by 13 and 5 during each of the previous two years of Bowser's term.<a href="#cite_note-aids-133">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Homelessness">Homelessness</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Homelessness">edit</a>]</div> Bowser pledged to end chronic <a href="/wiki/Homelessness" title="Homelessness">homelessness</a> in the District.<a href="#cite_note-wp.homeless2-134">[134]</a> In 2018, the results of an annual survey required by federal law reflected a 7.6% drop in the homeless population from 2017, following a 17.3% drop the year before. The estimated total homeless population of 6,904 was, however, still slightly higher than it had been in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> Bowser's approach to resolving the homelessness issue, focusing on homeless families, has been the subject of criticism. During the winter of 2015, the District saw an increase of more than 250 percent over any previous year, in homeless families housed in shelters and overflow motel rooms, although part of the increase was due to the administration's decision to move families into motel rooms before freezing temperatures would require it do so under the law.<a href="#cite_note-wp.homeless2-134">[134]</a> In February 2016, Bowser unveiled a plan to provide housing for homeless families following the closure of <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_General_Hospital" title="District of Columbia General Hospital">District of Columbia General Hospital</a>.<a href="#cite_note-wt.homeless-136">[136]</a> Without any community consultation or input, Bowser announced the location of one shelter in each of the District's eight wards and refused to say how the sites were selected.<a href="#cite_note-wt.homeless-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-wp.homeless-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-wp.homeless3-138">[138]</a> In March 2016, it was revealed that many of the sites selected were connected to Bowser's contributors.<a href="#cite_note-wp.homelessdonor-139">[139]</a> Under Bowser's plan, the monthly cost per unit was $4,500 on average each year for at least the next 20 years.<a href="#cite_note-wp.homelessdonor-139">[139]</a> Frustrated by the D.C. Council's efforts to devise its own plan, Bowser lashed out with expletives at Chairman <a href="/wiki/Phil_Mendelson" title="Phil Mendelson">Phil Mendelson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-wp.lashedout-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-wamu.lashedout-141">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Housing">Housing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Housing">edit</a>]</div> In 2018, Bowser nominated Joshua Lopez, former chief campaign aide to both Bowser and ex-Mayor <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Fenty" title="Adrian Fenty">Adrian Fenty</a>, to serve on the board of the D.C. Housing Authority, which reviews contracts and sets policy for public housing. Over the objections of certain council members who considered Lopez unqualified for the position, Bowser proceeded with the nomination, which the Council approved by a vote of 10–3.<a href="#cite_note-lopezappt-142">[142]</a> In April 2018, Lopez held a loudspeaker at a rally while a representative of the <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a> spoke, calling Councilmember <a href="/wiki/Elissa_Silverman" title="Elissa Silverman">Elissa Silverman</a> "a fake jew". Bowser called upon Lopez to apologize but resisted public calls for his resignation.<a href="#cite_note-wp.lopez-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-wamu.lopez-144">[144]</a> In October 2021, the Chair of the D.C. Housing Authority, Neil Albert, abruptly resigned after it was revealed that he had channeled multiple contracts to a romantic partner.<a href="#cite_note-wp.20211106-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-wcp.20211019-146">[146]</a> While Chair, Albert had awarded the Housing Authority's headquarters to a developer, who hired his partner as the architect of record.<a href="#cite_note-wp.20211106-145">[145]</a> Bowser had championed Albert's accomplishments in the months before his departure and responded to news that Albert's home had been raided by the FBI with a statement that she holds employees to high standards.<a href="#cite_note-wp.20211106-145">[145]</a> Bowser's replacement for Albert, Dionne Bussey-Reeder, owed thousands in unpaid income taxes leading the government to place liens on her property, in violation of DCHA bylaws.<a href="#cite_note-wp.20211119-147">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Immigration">edit</a>]</div> Upon the election of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> to the presidency, and following statements by the President-elect threatening to pull federal funding from sanctuary cities, Bowser issued a statement reaffirming the District's status as a <a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_city" title="Sanctuary city">sanctuary city</a>.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Soon thereafter, Bowser was confronted by a throng of about 100 protesters who were angry that she had not responded more forcefully—as had mayors of some other sanctuary cities—in denouncing Trump's policies and in defending immigrants.<a href="#cite_note-immigration.fox-149">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-immigration.wp-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> In January 2017, following Trump's inauguration and the issuance of an <a href="/wiki/Executive_order" title="Executive order">executive order</a> threatening to withhold Federal funding from sanctuary cities, Bowser affirmed that the District would maintain its status as such.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> In November 2017, Bowser announced that the District was joining seven other cities in a partnership with the National Immigration Forum to assist some 2,000 <a href="/wiki/Permanent_residence_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent residence (United States)">green card</a> holders who work for the D.C. Government, as well as family members, in applying for U.S. citizenship. The partnership would provide information, legal help, citizenship test coaching and assist in finding language classes. Participation in the program could save an applicant as much as $2,000 in legal fees.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> In 2022, the governors of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> instituted policies to offer migrants released by federal authorities in their states free bus rides to Washington, D.C. Since April 2022, over 9,000 migrants have been sent to D.C. from the two states.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-OMS-155">[155]</a> Bowser stated that the city and the nation was facing a "migrant crisis" and criticized the governors of Texas and Arizona for what she characterized as "political gamesmanship".<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> Bowser has twice requested assistance from the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_National_Guard" title="District of Columbia National Guard">National Guard</a> in managing the migrants and was denied both times.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> On September 8, 2022, Bowser declared a public emergency in D.C. and established an Office of Migrant Services to provide services to migrants arriving from Texas and Arizona.<a href="#cite_note-OMS-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Policing">Policing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Policing">edit</a>]</div> Bowser has shown strong police support and has not complied with numerous legal requirements regarding transparency in policing. Her administration repeatedly blocked the release of stop and frisk data as required by the NEAR Act.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> Although Bowser supported the outfitting of Metropolitan Police Department with body cameras,<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> out of 25 involved officer shootings from 2016 to 2018, only three instances of body cam footage were released as of April 2019.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protests">Protests</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Protests">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mayor_Muriel_Bowser,_Hands_Off_DC_Rally_(32055042814).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Mayor_Muriel_Bowser%2C_Hands_Off_DC_Rally_%2832055042814%29.jpg/220px-Mayor_Muriel_Bowser%2C_Hands_Off_DC_Rally_%2832055042814%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Mayor_Muriel_Bowser%2C_Hands_Off_DC_Rally_%2832055042814%29.jpg/330px-Mayor_Muriel_Bowser%2C_Hands_Off_DC_Rally_%2832055042814%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Mayor_Muriel_Bowser%2C_Hands_Off_DC_Rally_%2832055042814%29.jpg/440px-Mayor_Muriel_Bowser%2C_Hands_Off_DC_Rally_%2832055042814%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Bowser speaking at a protest in 2017</figcaption></figure> Mayor Bowser demonstrated support for the <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a> movement following the <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_George_Floyd" title="Murder of George Floyd">murder of George Floyd</a> and the subsequent <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">protests</a>. She renamed the stretch of <a href="/wiki/16th_Street_NW" title="16th Street NW">16th Street NW</a> in front of the White House, "Black Lives Matter Plaza" and had a mural painted spanning the entire street.<a href="#cite_note-blm-164">[164]</a> DC-based leaders of Black Lives Matter said the act was a distraction from real policy changes and called on the Mayor to <a href="/wiki/Defund_the_police" title="Defund the police">defund the police</a>.<a href="#cite_note-blm-164">[164]</a> In response, Black Lives Matter organizers painted "DEFUND THE POLICE" in the same bright letters, feet away from the mural Bowser ordered.<a href="#cite_note-defund-165">[165]</a> On January 6, 2021, pro-<a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a> rioters and insurrectionists <a href="/wiki/2021_storming_of_the_United_States_Capitol" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 storming of the United States Capitol">stormed the US Capitol</a>, in protest of the results of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a>, in which <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> defeated incumbent <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> Donald Trump. Bowser imposed a <a href="/wiki/Curfew" title="Curfew">curfew</a> in response, to 6:00 pm that night and end at 6:00 am the following day,<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> though it was ignored by numerous pro-Trump rioters and insurrectionists.<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/2021_Cuban_protests" title="2021 Cuban protests">2021 Cuban protests</a> in July, the words "CUBA LIBRE" (translated to "FREE CUBA") were painted in front of the Cuban embassy in support of the Cuban people and opposition to the country's communist regime. By July 20, the words were removed by the Bowser administration, who classified the words as "unauthorized". Bowser received criticism for her double standard of praising Raul Castro in 2016, her allowance of painting "Black Lives Matter" on the same street and her future plans to make the area a permanent dedication to Black Lives Matter.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_services">Public services</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Public services">edit</a>]</div> In January 2016, traffic throughout the D.C. region was paralyzed by an inch of snow on untreated roads.<a href="#cite_note-wp.snow2-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-wp.snow-171">[171]</a> More than 1,000 accidents were reported and some commuters abandoned their cars amidst impassable roads.<a href="#cite_note-wp.snow2-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-wp.snow-171">[171]</a> Bowser apologized for an inadequate response in the District, explaining that "we should have been there earlier."<a href="#cite_note-wp.snow-171">[171]</a> For a larger storm later in the same season, a report by the D.C. auditor found that the District had spent over $40 million on removal, much of it charged to the District's credit cards.<a href="#cite_note-wp.cc-172">[172]</a> The District incurred tens of thousands of dollars in credit card fees. In an unprecedented move, JPMorgan Chase shut off the government's line of credit until some of the card balances could be paid. Some of the contractors who benefited most from the snow removal expenses were important Bowser donors, the D.C. auditor found.<a href="#cite_note-wp.cc-172">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_utilities">Public utilities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Public utilities">edit</a>]</div> In October 2015, Bowser changed her position to support the $6.4-billion merger between two public utilities, <a href="/wiki/Exelon" title="Exelon">Exelon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pepco" title="Pepco">Pepco</a>. Opponents of the merger decried the lack of transparency in the deal and Bowser's reversal.<a href="#cite_note-wp.merger-173">[173]</a> Community activists raised ethics concerns, claiming that Bowser was swayed by a $25 million pledge to rename the future MLS Soccer Stadium as Pepco Park.<a href="#cite_note-wp.pepco-174">[174]</a> In December 2015, it was revealed that Exelon had paid the chairman of FreshPAC, a political action committee affiliated with Bowser's allies, as a lobbyist.<a href="#cite_note-wamu-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_harassment">Sexual harassment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Sexual harassment">edit</a>]</div> In December 2017, Bowser ordered that 30,000 employees of the District receive sexual harassment training by February 2018. Under the order, 1,500 supervisors must also complete advanced, in-person training.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> At the time, Bowser administration personnel could not say how much taxpayers had paid to resolve sexual harassment claims against the city, or how many such claims there had been. In March 2018, it was reported that taxpayers had recently spent at least $735,000 to settle such suits. Bowser's aides acknowledged they did not have a full grasp of the problem, and the city plans to set up a system to track complaints and settlements.<a href="#cite_note-harrassment-177">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traffic_safety">Traffic safety</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Traffic safety">edit</a>]</div> In 2015, Bowser announced <a href="/wiki/Vision_Zero" title="Vision Zero">Vision Zero</a>, a traffic safety initiative that aims to eliminate all traffic fatalities by 2024. To launch the event, Bowser, supporters, and D.C. government employees stood at intersections and waved green signs imploring motorists to slow down.<a href="#cite_note-wcp.vision-178">[178]</a> The following year, the number of traffic fatalities increased from 26 to 28 and the number of crash injuries increased from 12,122 to 12,430. Pedestrian fatalities within the total dropped from 15 to 9, during a period when pedestrian deaths nationally had jumped upward by 11 percent.<a href="#cite_note-wamu.vision-179">[179]</a> In 2017, traffic fatalities continued to rise.<a href="#cite_note-wp.traffic-180">[180]</a> Following a pair of biking fatalities in the summer of 2018, cyclists protested that Bowser had failed at promoting traffic safety.<a href="#cite_note-dcist.protest-181">[181]</a> In 2019, a prominent bike advocate was struck and killed by a driver along a stretch of road that was known to be dangerous.<a href="#cite_note-bikedeath-182">[182]</a> In May 2020, Bowser announced that the default speed limits in D.C. would be reduced to 20 mph, claiming that "slower speeds can help improve safety".<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> While overall traffic declined during the pandemic, DC reported 37 traffic fatalities in 2020, the most in over a decade.<a href="#cite_note-nbc200922-184">[184]</a> 2021 was deadlier, and by mid-November, the number of traffic deaths had already reached 2020's level.<a href="#cite_note-ggw211116-185">[185]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Transportation">edit</a>]</div> As part of her first State of the District Address in March 2015, Bowser promised to get the <a href="/wiki/H_Street/Benning_Road_Line" title="H Street/Benning Road Line">DC Streetcar</a> "up and running". In September, Bowser as well as the director of the D.C. Department of Transportation promised that the streetcar would be operational by the end of the year.<a href="#cite_note-streetcar.wcp-186">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-streetcar.wp-187">[187]</a> The H Street/Benning line began public service operations on February 27, 2016.<a href="#cite_note-streetcar.washingtonian-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-DCStreetCarVoyages-189">[189]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_development">Urban development</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Urban development">edit</a>]</div> After Bowser took office in 2015, she created a new cabinet post to focus on development in the city's poorest areas. She named former Council candidate Courtney Snowden to the new position.<a href="#cite_note-snowden.appt-190">[190]</a> In 2017, the Inspector General found that Snowden had improperly used city employees to care for her child.<a href="#cite_note-snowden.scandal-191">[191]</a> Bowser said that appropriate management action had been taken in response to staff babysitting, without specifying what was done.<a href="#cite_note-snowden.scandal.wp-192">[192]</a> In October 2017, Bowser announced a $3 million infusion into housing and retail projects in D.C. Wards 7 and 8 in an effort to remedy the scarcity of grocery stores in the District's poorest wards.<a href="#cite_note-grocery-193">[193]</a> District Wards 7 and 8 have only three grocery stores between them, or 50,000 people for every grocery store, compared to 10,000 per store in wealthy Ward 3.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> Bowser awarded $2.1 million to the Jair Lynch group for redevelopment of a shopping center, and $880,000 to South Capitol Affordable Housing to assist in building out the Good Food Markets project, which also includes 195 units of affordable housing as well as commercial space. Previous attempts to attract grocery stores to these areas have failed.<a href="#cite_note-grocery-193">[193]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Youth_services">Youth services</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Youth services">edit</a>]</div> In April 2016, the D.C. Trust, a government-funded entity that disbursed grants throughout the District to non-profits providing youth services, declared bankruptcy and announced plans to dissolve. The decision was attributed in part to overspending by and for staff at the agency.<a href="#cite_note-wp.cyitc-195">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> The agency, also known as the City Youth Investment Trust Corp., had suffered a history of abuse and mismanagement.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> Former councilmember <a href="/wiki/Harry_Thomas_Jr." title="Harry Thomas Jr.">Harry Thomas Jr.</a> was found guilty on felony charges for embezzling $350,000 of the trust's funds between 2007 and 2009. In 2013, Congressional investigators concluded that the agency lacked controls to properly administer a $20 million-a-year, federally funded school-voucher program. Then in January 2016, the agency's board, four of whom had been appointed by Mayor Bowser, learned that a former executive director and a former senior financial officer had used funds to pay tens of thousands of dollars in credit-card charges, including some for personal use. Bowser had recently provided $700,000 in taxpayer funding to the agency. The board members did not know how much of the funding remained or how youth services could be continued.<a href="#cite_note-wp.cyitc-195">[195]</a> In 2019, a 9 year old and a 10 year old were handcuffed by the Metropolitan Police Department in separate incidents, sparking public outrage after videos of the incidents were circulated. While the Attorney General said that he would review department policies, Bowser said that "every case is different" and asked whether it was appropriate to circulate photos of juveniles.<a href="#cite_note-wp.handcuff-198">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-fox.handcuff-199">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Involvement_in_national_politics">Involvement in national politics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Involvement in national politics">edit</a>]</div> In mid-May 2016, ahead of the <a href="/wiki/2016_District_of_Columbia_Democratic_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 District of Columbia Democratic primary">2016 District of Columbia Democratic primary</a>, Bowser endorsed <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">presidential candidacy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> Bowser delivered a speech at the <a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2016 Democratic National Convention">2016 Democratic National Convention</a>, in which she advocated for D.C. statehood.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> In late January 2020, Bowser endorsed <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg">Michael Bloomberg</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Michael Bloomberg 2020 presidential campaign">campaign</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries">2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a>.<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> In March, after Bloomberg had withdrawn from the race, she endorsed <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden_2020_presidential_campaign" title="Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign">campaign</a>.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> At the <a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2020 Democratic National Convention">2020 Democratic National Convention</a>, Bowser delivered a speech remotely from Black Lives Matter Plaza.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2018_election">2018 election</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: 2018 election">edit</a>]</div> Bowser filed to run for re-election in <a href="/wiki/2018_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2018 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">2018</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2018p-205">[205]</a> James Butler, Ernest E. Johnson, and Jeremiah D. Stanback filed to run against her in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Democratic_State_Committee" title="District of Columbia Democratic State Committee">Democratic Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2018p-205">[205]</a> Ann C. Wilcox filed to run as a <a href="/wiki/D.C._Statehood_Green_Party" title="D.C. Statehood Green Party">D.C. Statehood Green Party</a> candidate.<a href="#cite_note-2018gp-206">[206]</a> No one filed as a mayoral candidate in either the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Republican_Party" title="District of Columbia Republican Party">Republican Party</a> primary election or the <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Libertarian Party of the District of Columbia">Libertarian Party</a> primary election.<a href="#cite_note-2018lp-207">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-2018rp-208">[208]</a> Noting the nominal opposition and some "stumbles" during her first term, The Washington Post endorsed Bowser's re-election, citing the District's economic prosperity and Bowser's having fulfilled her promise to restore integrity to government.<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> She then won the June 19 Democratic Primary with 83% of the vote, after her most formidable potential challenger, former mayor <a href="/wiki/Vincent_C._Gray" title="Vincent C. Gray">Vincent C. Gray</a>, declined to enter the race.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> She went on to <a href="/wiki/2018_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2018 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">win the November 8 general election</a> with just under 80% of the vote against two Independent candidates and one Libertarian.<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> During the election, Bowser sought to unseat incumbent Councilmember <a href="/wiki/Elissa_Silverman" title="Elissa Silverman">Elissa Silverman</a>, who had frequently questioned the mayor. Bowser endorsed political newcomer Dionne Reeder and provided her with volunteer and fundraising support. Reeder lost by a significant margin and Bowser was not able to deliver a victory in her home base of Ward 4.<a href="#cite_note-clout-214">[214]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Electoral history">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2004">2004</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: 2004">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2004 <a href="/wiki/Advisory_Neighborhood_Commission" title="Advisory Neighborhood Commission">Advisory Neighborhood Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riggs_Park" title="Riggs Park">4B09</a>, general election<a href="#cite_note-2004g-9">[9]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel E. Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">966 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">98 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2006">2006</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: 2006">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2006 <a href="/wiki/Advisory_Neighborhood_Commission" title="Advisory Neighborhood Commission">Advisory Neighborhood Commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riggs_Park" title="Riggs Park">4B09</a>, general election<a href="#cite_note-2006g-12">[12]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel E. Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">601 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">90 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">70 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007">2007</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: 2007">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2007 <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_of_the_District_of_Columbia_by_ward#Ward_4" class="mw-redirect" title="List of neighborhoods of the District of Columbia by ward">Ward 4</a>, special election<a href="#cite_note-2007g-23">[23]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">5,064 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">40 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Brown_(Washington,_D.C._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael A. Brown (Washington, D.C. politician)">Michael A. Brown</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,433 </td> <td style="text-align:right">27 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Charles Gaither </td> <td style="text-align:right">683 </td> <td style="text-align:right">5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Dwight E. Singleton </td> <td style="text-align:right">602 </td> <td style="text-align:right">5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#17AA5C;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/D.C._Statehood_Green_Party" title="D.C. Statehood Green Party">DC Statehood Green</a> </td> <td class="fn">Renee Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right">583 </td> <td style="text-align:right">5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Graylan Scott Hagler </td> <td style="text-align:right">468 </td> <td style="text-align:right">4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Tony Towns </td> <td style="text-align:right">390 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Robert G. Childs </td> <td style="text-align:right">339 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Artee Milligan </td> <td style="text-align:right">170 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Judi Jones </td> <td style="text-align:right">154 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Carroll Green </td> <td style="text-align:right">117 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Lisa P. Bass </td> <td style="text-align:right">110 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Douglas Ned Sloan </td> <td style="text-align:right">98 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Marlena D. Edwards </td> <td style="text-align:right">97 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">T. A. Uqdah </td> <td style="text-align:right">82 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Lisa Comfort Bradford </td> <td style="text-align:right">72 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Michael T. Green </td> <td style="text-align:right">49 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">James Clark </td> <td style="text-align:right">17 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Roy Howell </td> <td style="text-align:right">10 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008">2008</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: 2008">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2008 <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_of_the_District_of_Columbia_by_ward#Ward_4" class="mw-redirect" title="List of neighborhoods of the District of Columbia by ward">Ward 4</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> primary election<a href="#cite_note-2008p-31">[31]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">7,132 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">75 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Baruti Jahi </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,800 </td> <td style="text-align:right">19 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Paul E. Montague </td> <td style="text-align:right">302 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Malik F. Mendenhall-Johnson </td> <td style="text-align:right">236 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">58 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2008 <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_of_the_District_of_Columbia_by_ward#Ward_4" class="mw-redirect" title="List of neighborhoods of the District of Columbia by ward">Ward 4</a>, general election<a href="#cite_note-2008g-33">[33]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">30,888 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">97 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">936 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2012">2012</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: 2012">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2012 <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_of_the_District_of_Columbia_by_ward#Ward_4" class="mw-redirect" title="List of neighborhoods of the District of Columbia by ward">Ward 4</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> primary election<a href="#cite_note-2012p-41">[41]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">7,541 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">66 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Renee L. Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,523 </td> <td style="text-align:right">13 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Max Skolnik </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,042 </td> <td style="text-align:right">9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Baruti Jahi </td> <td style="text-align:right">619 </td> <td style="text-align:right">5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Judi Jones </td> <td style="text-align:right">371 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Gurley" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvin Gurley">Calvin Gurley</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">268 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2012 <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_of_the_District_of_Columbia_by_ward#Ward_4" class="mw-redirect" title="List of neighborhoods of the District of Columbia by ward">Ward 4</a>, general election<a href="#cite_note-2012g-43">[43]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">33,045 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">97 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">933 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014">2014</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: 2014">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2014 Mayor of the District of Columbia, Democratic Party primary election'<a href="#cite_note-2014p-215">[215]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel E. Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">42,045 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">43 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_C._Gray" title="Vincent C. Gray">Vincent C. Gray</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">31,613 </td> <td style="text-align:right">33 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Wells" title="Tommy Wells">Tommy Wells</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">12,393 </td> <td style="text-align:right">13 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Evans_(D.C._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Evans (D.C. politician)">Jack Evans</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,877 </td> <td style="text-align:right">5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Shallal" title="Andy Shallal">Andy Shallal</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,196 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Orange" title="Vincent Orange">Vincent Orange</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,946 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Reta Lewis </td> <td style="text-align:right">490 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Carlos Allen </td> <td style="text-align:right">120 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">235 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2014 Mayor of the District of Columbia, general election<a href="#cite_note-2014g-216">[216]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel E. Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">88,439 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">54 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/David_A._Catania" class="mw-redirect" title="David A. Catania">David A. Catania</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">57,375 </td> <td style="text-align:right">35 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Schwartz" title="Carol Schwartz">Carol Schwartz</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">11,625 </td> <td style="text-align:right">7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#17AA5C;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/D.C._Statehood_Green_Party" title="D.C. Statehood Green Party">DC Statehood Green</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Faith_Dane" title="Faith Dane">Faith Dane</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,348 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Bruce Majors </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,164 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Nestor Djonkam </td> <td style="text-align:right">421 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="width:2px;background-color:#E9E9E9"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px">  </td> <td class="fn">write-in </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,493 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2018">2018</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: 2018">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2018 <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> primary election<a href="#cite_note-resultsdemprimary-217">[217]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">58,431 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">80 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">James Quincy Butler </td> <td style="text-align:right">7,532 </td> <td style="text-align:right">10 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Ernest E. Johnson </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,444 </td> <td style="text-align:right">6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Write-in" class="mw-redirect" title="Write-in">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,787 </td> <td style="text-align:right">4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>2018 Mayor of the District of Columbia, general election<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">162,199 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">80 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#17AA5C;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/D.C._Statehood_Green_Party" title="D.C. Statehood Green Party">DC Statehood Green</a> </td> <td class="fn">Ann Wilcox </td> <td style="text-align:right">19,979 </td> <td style="text-align:right">10 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DCDCDC;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Dustin Canter </td> <td style="text-align:right">14,783 </td> <td style="text-align:right">7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Martin Moulton </td> <td style="text-align:right">7,152 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">204,113 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022">2022</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: 2022">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Democratic primary results<a href="#cite_note-primary_results-219">[219]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">62,391 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">49.01 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Robert_White_(Washington,_D.C._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert White (Washington, D.C. politician)">Robert White</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">51,557 </td> <td style="text-align:right">40.50 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Trayon_White" title="Trayon White">Trayon White</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">11,193 </td> <td style="text-align:right">8.79 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">James Butler </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,753 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.38 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #FFFFFF; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">406 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">0.32 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">127,300 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDDD;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/N/a" class="mw-redirect" title="N/a">n/a</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Overvote" title="Overvote">Overvotes</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">219 </td> <td style="text-align:right"> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDDD;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/N/a" class="mw-redirect" title="N/a">n/a</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Undervote" title="Undervote">Undervotes</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right">812 </td> <td style="text-align:right"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>2022 Washington, D.C., mayoral election<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>±% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Democratic_State_Committee" title="District of Columbia Democratic State Committee">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Muriel Bowser (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">137,206 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">74.66 </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em">−1.73 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #DDDDBB; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Rodney Grant </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">27,355 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">14.88 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">N/A </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Republican_Party" title="District of Columbia Republican Party">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Stacia Hall </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">10,743 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">5.85 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">N/A </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #FED105; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Dennis Sobin </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">2,366 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">1.29 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−2.08 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: white; width: 2px;"> </td> <td class="org" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,115 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.33 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">-0.70 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">183785 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Publications">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles">Articles</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Articles">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Why Washington’s sports teams should stay in Washington, <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">Washington Post</a>, February 9, 2024<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> Bowser is a lifelong <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-washingtonian-8">[8]</a> In 2015, Bowser bought a home in <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Village" title="Colonial Village">Colonial Village</a>,<a href="#cite_note-wbj-222">[222]</a> moving from a <a href="/wiki/Riggs_Park" title="Riggs Park">Riggs Park</a> duplex<a href="#cite_note-vetting-223">[223]</a> where she had lived since 2000.<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> In May 2018, Bowser announced that she had adopted a baby whom she named Miranda Elizabeth Bowser.<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> Bowser's eldest sister, Mercia, died of <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> on February 24, 2021. Bowser wrote, "Mercia was loved immensely and will be missed greatly, as she joins the legion of angels who have gone home too soon due to <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Washington,_D.C." title="COVID-19 pandemic in Washington, D.C.">the pandemic</a>."<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> Her father Joe Bowser died on August 2, 2024 at the age of 88.<a href="#cite_note-fatherjoebowser-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_the_50_largest_cities_in_the_United_States" title="List of mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States">List of mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_governors_in_the_United_States" title="List of female governors in the United States">List of female governors in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fivethings-1"><a href="#cite_ref-fivethings_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDeBonis2014" class="citation news cs1">DeBonis, Mike (March 4, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/1504030014/">"Five things you don't know about Muriel Bowser, promising 'fresh start' as D.C. mayor"</a>. 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The Washington Post. April 15, 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.murielbowser2008.com/news/pr-AFLCIOEndorsesMuriel.pdf">Muriel Bowser Receives the Metropolitan Council, AFL–CIO Endorsement</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080910101452/http://www.murielbowser2008.com/news/pr-AFLCIOEndorsesMuriel.pdf">Archived</a> September 10, 2008, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (pdf). Muriel Bowser for Ward 4 2008. <a href="/wiki/News_release" class="mw-redirect" title="News release">Press release</a>. 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The Washington Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/whistleblower-suit-dc-employee-fired-after-not-steering-contracts-to-bowser-donor/2016/12/07/a15ea512-bcc1-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html">the original</a> on December 10, 2016. 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The Washington Post. Washington DC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/second-mayoral-appointee-implicated-in-school-lottery-scandal/2017/05/10/17e72092-35b2-11e7-b373-418f6849a004_story.html">the original</a> on October 4, 2017. Retrieved September 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Second+mayoral+appointee+identified+in+school-lottery+scandal&rft.date=2017-05-10&rft.aulast=Jamison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fsecond-mayoral-appointee-implicated-in-school-lottery-scandal%2F2017%2F05%2F10%2F17e72092-35b2-11e7-b373-418f6849a004_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-schools-112"><a href="#cite_ref-schools_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamison2017" class="citation news cs1">Jamison, Peter (May 17, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170908090117/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/secret-report-shows-special-treatment-for-public-officials-in-dc-school-lottery/2017/05/17/55b0b1fc-3a82-11e7-8854-21f359183e8c_story.html">"Secret report shows 'special' treatment for public officials in D.C. school lottery"</a>. The Washington Post. Washington DC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/secret-report-shows-special-treatment-for-public-officials-in-dc-school-lottery/2017/05/17/55b0b1fc-3a82-11e7-8854-21f359183e8c_story.html">the original</a> on September 8, 2017. Retrieved September 17, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Secret+report+shows+%27special%27+treatment+for+public+officials+in+D.C.+school+lottery&rft.date=2017-05-17&rft.aulast=Jamison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fsecret-report-shows-special-treatment-for-public-officials-in-dc-school-lottery%2F2017%2F05%2F17%2F55b0b1fc-3a82-11e7-8854-21f359183e8c_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-schools2-113"><a href="#cite_ref-schools2_113-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamison2018" class="citation news cs1">Jamison, Peter (March 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/a-short-guide-to-dc-public-schools-scandals/2018/03/08/c40e2c4e-2170-11e8-94da-ebf9d112159c_story.html">"A short guide to the D.C. 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Council unanimously votes to create public campaign finance program letter"</a>. The Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.C.+Council+unanimously+votes+to+create+public+campaign+finance+program+letter&rft.date=2016-02-09&rft.aulast=Hermann&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fpublic-safety%2Fdc-fire-departments-medical-director-resigns%2F2016%2F02%2F09%2Fe8c8edd0-cf6f-11e5-88cd-753e80cd29ad_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wtop.holmes-116"><a href="#cite_ref-wtop.holmes_116-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyons2022" class="citation news cs1">Lyons, Ivy (February 25, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wtop.com/dc/2022/02/it-just-doesnt-make-sense-safety-advocate-on-former-head-of-dc-911-systems-return-to-post/">"'It just doesn't make sense': Safety advocate on former head of DC 911 system's return to post"</a>. WTOP.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WTOP&rft.atitle=%27It+just+doesn%27t+make+sense%27%3A+Safety+advocate+on+former+head+of+DC+911+system%27s+return+to+post&rft.date=2022-02-25&rft.aulast=Lyons&rft.aufirst=Ivy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwtop.com%2Fdc%2F2022%2F02%2Fit-just-doesnt-make-sense-safety-advocate-on-former-head-of-dc-911-systems-return-to-post%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/bowser-commits-47-million-to-long-neglected-islands-in-anacostia-river/2018/01/12/06f50df2-f7c3-11e7-a9e3-ab18ce41436a_story.html">Bowser commits $4.7 million to long-neglected islands in Anacostia River</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180724131447/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/bowser-commits-47-million-to-long-neglected-islands-in-anacostia-river/2018/01/12/06f50df2-f7c3-11e7-a9e3-ab18ce41436a_story.html">Archived</a> July 24, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Washington Post, January 12, 2018 </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dc-will-not-reappoint-open-government-watchdog-who-ruled-against-city/2018/02/01/b1f1d230-07a4-11e8-8777-2a059f168dd2_story.html">D.C. will not reappoint open government watchdog who ruled against city</a>, The Washington Post, February 2, 2018 </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.opengov-119"><a href="#cite_ref-wp.opengov_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamison2018" class="citation news cs1">Jamison, Peter (February 5, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dcs-open-government-watchdog-took-her-job-seriously-then-she-lost-it/2018/02/05/5343441a-0a99-11e8-8890-372e2047c935_story.html">"D.C.'s open-government watchdog took her job seriously. Then she lost it"</a>. The Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.C.%27s+open-government+watchdog+took+her+job+seriously.+Then+she+lost+it.&rft.date=2018-02-05&rft.aulast=Jamison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fdcs-open-government-watchdog-took-her-job-seriously-then-she-lost-it%2F2018%2F02%2F05%2F5343441a-0a99-11e8-8890-372e2047c935_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/mike-debonis/wp/2015/01/09/muriel-bowser-you-have-a-mayor-who-hates-guns/">Muriel Bowser: 'You have a mayor who hates guns'</a>, The Washington Post, January 9, 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mayor.dc.gov/release/mayor-bowser-introduce-legislation-banning-bump-stocks-washington-dc">"Mayor Bowser to Introduce Legislation Banning Bump Stocks in Washington, DC"</a>. Executive Office of the Mayor. Retrieved April 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Executive+Office+of+the+Mayor&rft.atitle=Mayor+Bowser+to+Introduce+Legislation+Banning+Bump+Stocks+in+Washington%2C+DC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmayor.dc.gov%2Frelease%2Fmayor-bowser-introduce-legislation-banning-bump-stocks-washington-dc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/bowser-to-introduce-legislation-banning-bump-stocks-in-district/2018/02/26/8f86c8a4-1b18-11e8-b2d9-08e748f892c0_story.html">Bowser to introduce legislation banning bump stocks in District</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180705033036/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/bowser-to-introduce-legislation-banning-bump-stocks-in-district/2018/02/26/8f86c8a4-1b18-11e8-b2d9-08e748f892c0_story.html">Archived</a> July 5, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, The Washington Post, February 26, 2018 </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/bowser--proud-dc-mayor-who-hates-guns--champions-march-for-our-lives/2018/03/23/efbe4844-2e0c-11e8-8688-e053ba58f1e4_story.html">Bowser — the 'mayor who hates guns' — champions March for Our Lives and steps into national spotlight</a>, The Washington Post, March 23, 2018 </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dcs-public-hospital-needs-17-million-taxpayer-subsidy-officials-say/2017/12/12/6e85bbcc-df6f-11e7-8679-a9728984779c_story.html">"D.C.'s public hospital needs $17 million taxpayer subsidy, officials say"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. 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Council approves subpoenas for public hospital's former consultants"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.C.+Council+approves+subpoenas+for+public+hospital%27s+former+consultants&rft.date=2018-03-14&rft.aulast=Jamison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fdc-council-approves-subpoenas-for-public-hospitals-former-consultants%2F2018%2F03%2F14%2F4e7dad3c-279d-11e8-874b-d517e912f125_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-umc.timeline-126"><a href="#cite_ref-umc.timeline_126-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimmons-Duffin2017" class="citation news cs1">Simmons-Duffin, Selena (October 30, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wamu.org/story/17/10/30/timeline-quick-guide-veritas-united-medical-center-contract/">"Timeline: A Quick Guide To Veritas' United Medical Center Contract"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WAMU" title="WAMU">WAMU</a>. 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Council members press hospital operator on patient's death"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/simply-unacceptable-dc-lawmakers-press-hospital-operator-on-patient-death/2017/10/30/dce49d0e-bd7d-11e7-97d9-bdab5a0ab381_story.html?noredirect=on">the original</a> on June 20, 2019. Retrieved October 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27Simply+unacceptable%27%3A+D.C.+Council+members+press+hospital+operator+on+patient%27s+death&rft.date=2017-10-30&rft.aulast=Jamison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fsimply-unacceptable-dc-lawmakers-press-hospital-operator-on-patient-death%2F2017%2F10%2F30%2Fdce49d0e-bd7d-11e7-97d9-bdab5a0ab381_story.html%3Fnoredirect%3Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.heroin-130"><a href="#cite_ref-wp.heroin_130-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamison2018" class="citation news cs1">Jamison, Peter (December 19, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/local/dc-opioid-epidemic-response-african-americans/">"Pure incompetence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Business Journal">Washington Business Journal</a>. Retrieved December 19, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Business+Journal&rft.atitle=Pure+incompetence&rft.date=2018-12-19&rft.aulast=Jamison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fgraphics%2F2018%2Flocal%2Fdc-opioid-epidemic-response-african-americans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210108030739/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/in-long-awaited-plan-dc-aims-to-reduce-opioid-deaths-by-half-by-late-2020/2018/12/24/2c44e99c-078a-11e9-85b6-41c0fe0c5b8f_story.html">"In long-awaited plan, D.C. aims to reduce opioid deaths by half by late 2020"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. December 24, 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/in-long-awaited-plan-dc-aims-to-reduce-opioid-deaths-by-half-by-late-2020/2018/12/24/2c44e99c-078a-11e9-85b6-41c0fe0c5b8f_story.html">the original</a> on January 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=In+long-awaited+plan%2C+D.C.+aims+to+reduce+opioid+deaths+by+half+by+late+2020&rft.date=2018-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fin-long-awaited-plan-dc-aims-to-reduce-opioid-deaths-by-half-by-late-2020%2F2018%2F12%2F24%2F2c44e99c-078a-11e9-85b6-41c0fe0c5b8f_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuander2018" class="citation web cs1">Quander, Michael (December 26, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wusa9.com/article/news/local/dc/dc-plans-to-cut-opioid-deaths-in-half-by-2020/65-a9265276-0446-41e1-bc53-4b17d992e9f0">"DC plans to cut opioid deaths in half by 2020"</a>. 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Retrieved August 29, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.C.+will+not+meet+goal+of+cutting+in+half+new+HIV+diagnoses+by+2020&rft.date=2019-08-29&rft.aulast=Nirappil&rft.aufirst=Fenit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fdc-is-not-on-track-to-cut-new-hiv-diagnoses-in-half-by-2020%2F2019%2F08%2F29%2F376a771e-c36f-11e9-b5e4-54aa56d5b7ce_story.html%3Farc404%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.homeless2-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wp.homeless2_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp.homeless2_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2015" class="citation news cs1">Davis, Aaron (October 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/more-dc-families-are-living-in-homeless-shelters-at-the-start-of-winter-than-ever-before--and-its-by-design/2015/10/31/0bcc5e9c-7f44-11e5-b575-d8dcfedb4ea1_story.html">"More D.C. families are living in homeless shelters at the start of winter than ever before — and it's by design"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved March 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=More+D.C.+families+are+living+in+homeless+shelters+at+the+start+of+winter+than+ever+before+%E2%80%94+and+it%27s+by+design&rft.date=2015-10-31&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fmore-dc-families-are-living-in-homeless-shelters-at-the-start-of-winter-than-ever-before--and-its-by-design%2F2015%2F10%2F31%2F0bcc5e9c-7f44-11e5-b575-d8dcfedb4ea1_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamison2018" class="citation news cs1">Jamison, Peter (May 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dc-homeless-population-drops-for-second-straight-year-report-finds/2018/05/08/5505b828-5238-11e8-abd8-265bd07a9859_story.html">"D. C. homeless population drops for second straight year, report finds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.+C.+homeless+population+drops+for+second+straight+year%2C+report+finds&rft.date=2018-05-08&rft.aulast=Jamison&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fdc-homeless-population-drops-for-second-straight-year-report-finds%2F2018%2F05%2F08%2F5505b828-5238-11e8-abd8-265bd07a9859_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wt.homeless-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wt.homeless_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wt.homeless_136-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDermott2015" class="citation news cs1">McDermott, Ryan (October 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/feb/16/dc-mayor-muriel-bowsers-homeless-shelter-plan-lack/?page=all">"D.C. mayor's homeless shelter plan lacks transparency, critics say"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Times">Washington Times</a>. Retrieved March 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Times&rft.atitle=D.C.+mayor%27s+homeless+shelter+plan+lacks+transparency%2C+critics+say&rft.date=2015-10-21&rft.aulast=McDermott&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontimes.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2Ffeb%2F16%2Fdc-mayor-muriel-bowsers-homeless-shelter-plan-lack%2F%3Fpage%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.homeless-137"><a href="#cite_ref-wp.homeless_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2017" class="citation news cs1">Davis, Aaron (February 9, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/homeless-shelters-to-be-spread-across-capital-under-plan-by-mayor-bowser/2016/02/09/318bc360-cf31-11e5-88cd-753e80cd29ad_story.html">"District mayor reveals sites proposed for homeless shelters across city"</a>. The Washington Post. Retrieved March 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=District+mayor+reveals+sites+proposed+for+homeless+shelters+across+city&rft.date=2017-02-09&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fhomeless-shelters-to-be-spread-across-capital-under-plan-by-mayor-bowser%2F2016%2F02%2F09%2F318bc360-cf31-11e5-88cd-753e80cd29ad_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.homeless3-138"><a href="#cite_ref-wp.homeless3_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2015" class="citation news cs1">Davis, Aaron (October 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dc-mayor-refuses-to-say-how-she-picked-sites-for-new-homeless-shelters/2016/02/15/8a6817c6-d199-11e5-b2bc-988409ee911b_story.html?tid=a_inl">"D.C. mayor refuses to say how she picked sites for new homeless shelters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved February 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.C.+mayor+refuses+to+say+how+she+picked+sites+for+new+homeless+shelters&rft.date=2015-10-31&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fdc-mayor-refuses-to-say-how-she-picked-sites-for-new-homeless-shelters%2F2016%2F02%2F15%2F8a6817c6-d199-11e5-b2bc-988409ee911b_story.html%3Ftid%3Da_inl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.homelessdonor-139">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wp.homelessdonor_139-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-wp.homelessdonor_139-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2016" class="citation news cs1">Davis, Aaron (March 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/homeless-shelter-plan-could-be-profitable-for-bowsers-backers/2016/03/16/cbab0e76-eadc-11e5-b0fd-073d5930a7b7_story.html">"Homeless shelter plan could be profitable for Bowser's backers"</a>. The Washington Post. Retrieved March 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Homeless+shelter+plan+could+be+profitable+for+Bowser%27s+backers&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fhomeless-shelter-plan-could-be-profitable-for-bowsers-backers%2F2016%2F03%2F16%2Fcbab0e76-eadc-11e5-b0fd-073d5930a7b7_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.lashedout-140"><a href="#cite_ref-wp.lashedout_140-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNirappali2016" class="citation news cs1">Nirappali, Firat (May 17, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170904070627/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dc-council-head-blasts-bowser-for-obfuscation-over-shelters-she-fires-back/2016/05/17/811645e8-1c45-11e6-b6e0-c53b7ef63b45_story.html">"D.C. Council head blasts Bowser for 'obfuscation" over shelters; she fires back with expletive"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dc-council-head-blasts-bowser-for-obfuscation-over-shelters-she-fires-back/2016/05/17/811645e8-1c45-11e6-b6e0-c53b7ef63b45_story.html">the original</a> on September 4, 2017. 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(April 26, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/mismanagement-has-bankrupted-a-dc-nonprofit-endangering-programs-for-at-risk-youth-board-members-say/2016/04/26/51f4a51c-0bb4-11e6-bfa1-4efa856caf2a_story.html">"Mismanagement has bankrupted a D.C. nonprofit, endangering programs for at-risk youths, board members say"</a>. 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Youth Group That Got Taxpayer Millions Goes Bankrupt</a>, The Chronicle of Philanthropy, April 27, 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtoncitypaper.com/news/city-desk/blog/13070799/this-was-a-disaster-youth-nonprofits-speak-out-after-d-c-trusts-collapse">'This Was a Disaster': Youth Nonprofits Speak Out After DC Trust's Collapse</a>, Washington City Paper, April 29, 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-wp.handcuff-198"><a href="#cite_ref-wp.handcuff_198-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermann2019" class="citation news cs1">Hermann, Peter (April 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210310204317/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/10-year-old-boy-handcuffed-in-robbery-case-was-totally-innocent-authorities-say/2019/04/05/c05d4062-57de-11e9-8ef3-fbd41a2ce4d5_story.html?noredirect=on">"10-year-old boy handcuffed in robbery case is 'totally innocent,' authorities say"</a>. The Washington Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-safety/10-year-old-boy-handcuffed-in-robbery-case-was-totally-innocent-authorities-say/2019/04/05/c05d4062-57de-11e9-8ef3-fbd41a2ce4d5_story.html?noredirect=on">the original</a> on March 10, 2021. Retrieved April 26, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=10-year-old+boy+handcuffed+in+robbery+case+is+%27totally+innocent%2C%27+authorities+say&rft.date=2019-04-05&rft.aulast=Hermann&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fpublic-safety%2F10-year-old-boy-handcuffed-in-robbery-case-was-totally-innocent-authorities-say%2F2019%2F04%2F05%2Fc05d4062-57de-11e9-8ef3-fbd41a2ce4d5_story.html%3Fnoredirect%3Don&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fox.handcuff-199"><a href="#cite_ref-fox.handcuff_199-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambert2019" class="citation news cs1">Lambert, Evan (April 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190713155550/http://www.fox10phoenix.com/news/us-world-news/dc-police-investigating-after-video-shows-officer-handcuffing-9-year-old-boy">"DC Police investigating after video shows officer handcuffing 9-year-old boy"</a>. The Washington Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fox10phoenix.com/news/us-world-news/dc-police-investigating-after-video-shows-officer-handcuffing-9-year-old-boy">the original</a> on July 13, 2019. Retrieved April 26, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=DC+Police+investigating+after+video+shows+officer+handcuffing+9-year-old+boy&rft.date=2019-04-05&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fox10phoenix.com%2Fnews%2Fus-world-news%2Fdc-police-investigating-after-video-shows-officer-handcuffing-9-year-old-boy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStein" class="citation news cs1">Stein, Perry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/local/wp/2016/05/16/d-c-mayor-most-city-council-members-endorse-hillary-clinton-ahead-of-d-c-primary/">"D.C. mayor, most council members endorse Hillary Clinton ahead of D.C. primary"</a>. 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(July 27, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/dc-mayor-pushes-statehood-issue-at-democratic-national-convention/2016/07/27/a75764ec-53bf-11e6-b7de-dfe509430c39_story.html">"D.C. mayor pushes statehood issue at Democratic National Convention"</a>. Washington Post. Retrieved January 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.C.+mayor+pushes+statehood+issue+at+Democratic+National+Convention&rft.date=2016-07-27&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Aaron+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fdc-mayor-pushes-statehood-issue-at-democratic-national-convention%2F2016%2F07%2F27%2Fa75764ec-53bf-11e6-b7de-dfe509430c39_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwartzmanNirappil" class="citation news cs1">Schwartzman, Paul; Nirappil, Fenit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/bowser-bloomberg-endorsement/2020/01/29/f18e31fc-42b9-11ea-aa6a-083d01b3ed18_story.html">"D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser endorses Mike Bloomberg for president"</a>. Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=D.C.+Mayor+Muriel+Bowser+endorses+Mike+Bloomberg+for+president&rft.aulast=Schwartzman&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Nirappil%2C+Fenit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fbowser-bloomberg-endorsement%2F2020%2F01%2F29%2Ff18e31fc-42b9-11ea-aa6a-083d01b3ed18_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2020" class="citation web cs1">Williams, Elliot C. (March 11, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201206170920/https://dcist.com/story/20/03/11/morning-roundup-mayor-bowser-endorses-joe-biden/">"Morning Roundup: Mayor Bowser Endorses Joe Biden"</a>. DCist. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dcist.com/story/20/03/11/morning-roundup-mayor-bowser-endorses-joe-biden/">the original</a> on December 6, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DCist&rft.atitle=Morning+Roundup%3A+Mayor+Bowser+Endorses+Joe+Biden&rft.date=2020-03-11&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Elliot+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdcist.com%2Fstory%2F20%2F03%2F11%2Fmorning-roundup-mayor-bowser-endorses-joe-biden%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWainmanValerio2020" class="citation web cs1">Wainman, Laura; Valerio, Mike (August 17, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wusa9.com/article/news/politics/dc-mayor-bowser-speaks-dnc-night-1-racial-justice-black-lives-matter-plaza/65-24f499c9-bd5a-4f3c-b06b-e590870fd06f">"'Story of our nation's capital is a story of reckoning' | Mayor Bowser speaks on racial justice at DNC"</a>. wusa9.com. Retrieved January 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wusa9.com&rft.atitle=%27Story+of+our+nation%27s+capital+is+a+story+of+reckoning%27+%7C+Mayor+Bowser+speaks+on+racial+justice+at+DNC&rft.date=2020-08-17&rft.aulast=Wainman&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.au=Valerio%2C+Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wusa9.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fdc-mayor-bowser-speaks-dnc-night-1-racial-justice-black-lives-matter-plaza%2F65-24f499c9-bd5a-4f3c-b06b-e590870fd06f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2018p-205">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2018p_205-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2018p_205-1">b</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dcboe.org/popup.asp?url=/pdf_files/nr_2128.pdf">List of Democratic Candidates in the June 19, 2018 Primary Election</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180328150405/https://www.dcboe.org/popup.asp?url=%2Fpdf_files%2Fnr_2128.pdf">Archived</a> March 28, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". District of Columbia Board of Elections. March 22, 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-2018gp-206"><a href="#cite_ref-2018gp_206-0">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dcboe.org/popup.asp?url=/pdf_files/nr_2130.pdf">List of DC Statehood Green Candidates in the June 19, 2018 Primary Election</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180329054112/https://www.dcboe.org/popup.asp?url=%2Fpdf_files%2Fnr_2130.pdf">Archived</a> March 29, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". District of Columbia Board of Elections. March 22, 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-2018lp-207"><a href="#cite_ref-2018lp_207-0">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dcboe.org/popup.asp?url=/pdf_files/nr_2129.pdf">List of Republican Candidates in the June 19, 2018 Primary Election</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180327211959/https://www.dcboe.org/popup.asp?url=%2Fpdf_files%2Fnr_2129.pdf">Archived</a> March 27, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". District of Columbia Board of Elections. 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Retrieved December 2, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=A+student%2C+a+homeless+man+and+an+ex-lawyer%3A+Who+says+D.C.+mayor+has+no+election+challengers%3F&rft.date=2018-03-11&rft.aulast=Schwartzman&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fa-student-a-homeless-man-and-an-ex-lawyer-who-says-dc-mayor-has-no-election-challengers%2F2018%2F03%2F11%2F9568a43e-22ef-11e8-94da-ebf9d112159c_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201124103724/https://www.washingtonpost.com/election-results/district-of-columbia/2018-primary-results/">"District of Columbia Primary Election Results"</a>. The Washington Post. June 18, 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/election-results/district-of-columbia/2018-primary-results">the original</a> on November 24, 2020. 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Retrieved February 25, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Mercia+Bowser%2C+sister+of+D.C.+mayor%2C+dies+of+coronavirus+at+age+64&rft.date=2021-02-24&rft.aulast=Zauzmer&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fdc-politics%2Fmercia-bowser-covid%2F2021%2F02%2F24%2F8eed83a6-76dc-11eb-948d-19472e683521_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuriel+Bowser" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muriel_Bowser" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Muriel Bowser">Muriel Bowser</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://murielformayor.com/">Campaign website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mayor.dc.gov/">Official site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?9265027">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Fenty" title="Adrian Fenty">Adrian Fenty</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Member of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council of the District of Columbia</a> from Ward 4 2007–2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Todd_(politician)" title="Brandon Todd (politician)">Brandon Todd</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_C._Gray" title="Vincent C. Gray">Vincent Gray</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</a> <a href="/wiki/2014_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2014 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">2014</a>, <a href="/wiki/2018_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2018 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">2018</a>, <a href="/wiki/2022_Washington,_D.C.,_mayoral_election" title="2022 Washington, D.C., mayoral election">2022</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Most recent </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_C._Gray" title="Vincent C. Gray">Vincent Gray</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor of the District of Columbia</a> 2015–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> (D)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; padding:0em 0.5em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Alabama" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Alabama">AL</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Ivey" title="Kay Ivey">Ivey</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Alaska">AK</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Dunleavy_(politician)" title="Mike Dunleavy (politician)">Dunleavy</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div 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<div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Georgia (U.S. state)">GA</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Brian_Kemp" title="Brian Kemp">Kemp</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hawaii" title="Governor of Hawaii">HI</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Josh_Green_(politician)" title="Josh Green (politician)">Green</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Idaho">ID</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Brad_Little" title="Brad Little">Little</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Illinois" title="Governor of Illinois">IL</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/J._B._Pritzker" title="J. B. Pritzker">Pritzker</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Indiana" title="Governor of Indiana">IN</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Eric_Holcomb" title="Eric Holcomb">Holcomb</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Iowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Iowa">IA</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Kim_Reynolds" title="Kim Reynolds">Reynolds</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Kansas">KS</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Laura_Kelly" title="Laura Kelly">Kelly</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">KY</a></div> <div 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title="Governor of Massachusetts">MA</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Maura_Healey" title="Maura Healey">Healey</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Michigan" title="Governor of Michigan">MI</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Gretchen_Whitmer" title="Gretchen Whitmer">Whitmer</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Minnesota" title="Governor of Minnesota">MN</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Tim_Walz" title="Tim Walz">Walz</a> (DFL)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Mississippi" title="Governor of Mississippi">MS</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Tate_Reeves" title="Tate Reeves">Reeves</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Missouri">MO</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Parson" title="Mike Parson">Parson</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Montana" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Montana">MT</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Greg_Gianforte" title="Greg Gianforte">Gianforte</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Nebraska" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Nebraska">NE</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_Pillen" title="Jim Pillen">Pillen</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Nevada">NV</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a 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href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of New York (state)">NY</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hochul" title="Kathy Hochul">Hochul</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Carolina" title="Governor of North Carolina">NC</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Roy_Cooper" title="Roy Cooper">Cooper</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_North_Dakota" title="Governor of North Dakota">ND</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Doug_Burgum" title="Doug Burgum">Burgum</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Ohio">OH</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_DeWine" title="Mike DeWine">DeWine</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Oklahoma" title="Governor of Oklahoma">OK</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Stitt" title="Kevin Stitt">Stitt</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Oregon" title="Governor of Oregon">OR</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Tina_Kotek" title="Tina Kotek">Kotek</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Pennsylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Pennsylvania">PA</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Josh_Shapiro" title="Josh Shapiro">Shapiro</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Rhode_Island" title="Governor of Rhode Island">RI</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Dan_McKee" title="Dan McKee">McKee</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Carolina" title="Governor of South Carolina">SC</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_McMaster" title="Henry McMaster">McMaster</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_South_Dakota" title="Governor of South Dakota">SD</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Kristi_Noem" title="Kristi Noem">Noem</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">TN</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Lee_(Tennessee_politician)" title="Bill Lee (Tennessee politician)">Lee</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">TX</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Greg_Abbott" title="Greg Abbott">Abbott</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Utah">UT</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Spencer_Cox" title="Spencer Cox">Cox</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Vermont" title="Governor of Vermont">VT</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Phil_Scott" title="Phil Scott">Scott</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Virginia" title="Governor of Virginia">VA</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Glenn_Youngkin" title="Glenn Youngkin">Youngkin</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Washington_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Washington (state)">WA</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Jay_Inslee" title="Jay Inslee">Inslee</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of West Virginia">WV</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_Justice" title="Jim Justice">Justice</a> (R)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Wisconsin" title="Governor of Wisconsin">WI</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Tony_Evers" title="Tony Evers">Evers</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Wyoming" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Wyoming">WY</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Mark_Gordon" title="Mark Gordon">Gordon</a> (R)</div></div> <div style="margin-top:1em">Federal districts:</div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Washington, D.C.">DC</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bowser</a> (D), Mayor</div></div><div class="nocolbreak"><div style="margin-top:1em">Territories:</div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_American_Samoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of American Samoa">AS</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Lemanu_Peleti_Mauga" title="Lemanu Peleti Mauga">Mauga</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Guam">GU</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Lou_Leon_Guerrero" title="Lou Leon Guerrero">Guerrero</a> (D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Northern Mariana Islands">MP</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Arnold_Palacios" title="Arnold Palacios">Palacios</a> (I)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">PR</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Pedro_Pierluisi" title="Pedro Pierluisi">Pierluisi</a> (PNP/D)</div></div> <div><div style="font-weight:bold; width:2em; display:inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_United_States_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of United States Virgin Islands">VI</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;">▌<a href="/wiki/Albert_Bryan_Jr." title="Albert Bryan Jr.">Bryan</a> (D)</div></div></div> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>: 27 (27 states)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a>: 28 (23 states, 4 territories, 1 district)</li> <li>▌Independent: 1 (1 territory)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_officials_of_the_District_of_Columbia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:District_of_Columbia_political_officials" title="Template:District of Columbia political officials"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:District_of_Columbia_political_officials" title="Template talk:District of Columbia political officials"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:District_of_Columbia_political_officials" title="Special:EditPage/Template:District of Columbia political officials"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_officials_of_the_District_of_Columbia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Political officials of the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shadow_congressperson" title="Shadow congressperson">Shadow</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Strauss" title="Paul Strauss">Paul Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Donald_Brown" title="Michael Donald Brown">Michael Brown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Holmes_Norton" title="Eleanor Holmes Norton">Eleanor Holmes Norton</a>, Delegate</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oye_Owolewa" title="Oye Owolewa">Oye Owolewa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shadow_congressperson" title="Shadow congressperson">Shadow Representative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Government of the District of Columbia">Executive government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muriel Bowser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Mayor of the District of Columbia">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Schwalb" title="Brian Schwalb">Brian Schwalb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Attorney General for the District of Columbia">Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_A._Bassett" title="Kimberly A. Bassett">Kimberly A. Bassett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Secretary of the District of Columbia">Secretary</a> (appointed)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glen_Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glen Lee (page does not exist)">Glen Lee</a>, Chief Financial Officer (appointed)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">Council</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Mendelson" title="Phil Mendelson">Phil Mendelson</a>, Chair</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Court_of_Appeals" title="District of Columbia Court of Appeals">Court of Appeals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Blackburne-Rigsby" title="Anna Blackburne-Rigsby">Anna Blackburne-Rigsby</a>, Chief Judge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinne_A._Beckwith" title="Corinne A. Beckwith">Corinne A. Beckwith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catharine_F._Easterly" title="Catharine F. Easterly">Catharine F. Easterly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Fisher" title="John R. Fisher">John R. Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_W._McLeese_III" title="Roy W. McLeese III">Roy W. McLeese III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Deahl" title="Joshua Deahl">Joshua Deahl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Howard_III" title="John P. Howard III">John P. Howard III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Shanker" title="Vijay Shanker">Vijay Shanker</a></li> <li>2 vacant seats, Judges</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_largest_cities_by_GDP" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leaders_of_the_largest_cities_in_the_world_by_GDP" title="Template:Leaders of the largest cities in the world by GDP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leaders_of_the_largest_cities_in_the_world_by_GDP" title="Template talk:Leaders of the largest cities in the world by GDP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders_of_the_largest_cities_in_the_world_by_GDP" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders of the largest cities in the world by GDP"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_largest_cities_by_GDP" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Leaders of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_by_GDP" title="List of cities by GDP">largest cities by GDP</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Yong_(politician)" title="Yin Yong (politician)">Yin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Fengchao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Fengchao (page does not exist)">Wang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Henghua" title="Hu Henghua">Hu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Zhiyang" title="Sun Zhiyang">Sun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong_Zheng" title="Gong Zheng">Gong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Weizhong" title="Qin Weizhong">Qin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Gong_(politician)" title="Zhang Gong (politician)">Zhang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Yongwen" title="Cheng Yongwen">Cheng</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lee_Ka-chiu" title="John Lee Ka-chiu">Lee</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, China)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelly_Oberoi" title="Shelly Oberoi">Oberoi</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, India)</li> <li>Vacant (<a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>, India)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teguh_Setyabudi" title="Teguh Setyabudi">Teguh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, Indonesia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuriko_Koike" title="Yuriko Koike">Koike</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, Japan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Wan-an" title="Chiang Wan-an">Chiang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, Taiwan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh_Se-hoon" title="Oh Se-hoon">Oh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, South Korea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadchart_Sittipunt" title="Chadchart Sittipunt">Chadchart</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>, Thailand)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_Chow" title="Olivia Chow">Chow</a> (<a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Canada)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Brugada" title="Clara Brugada">Brugada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, Mexico)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Dickens" title="Andre Dickens">Dickens</a> (<a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Wu" title="Michelle Wu">Wu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Johnson" title="Brandon Johnson">Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whitmire" title="John Whitmire">Whitmire</a> (<a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Bass" title="Karen Bass">Bass</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Suarez" title="Francis Suarez">Suarez</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Adams" title="Eric Adams">Adams</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherelle_Parker" title="Cherelle Parker">Parker</a> (<a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Gloria" title="Todd Gloria">Gloria</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Breed" title="London Breed">Breed</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Mahan" title="Matt Mahan">Mahan</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose</a>, US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Harrell" title="Bruce Harrell">Harrell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a>, US)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bowser</a> (<a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, US)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Macri" title="Jorge Macri">Macri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, Argentina)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Paes" title="Eduardo Paes">Paes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>, Brazil)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Nunes_(politician)" title="Ricardo Nunes (politician)">Nunes</a> (<a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, Brazil)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Hidalgo" title="Anne Hidalgo">Hidalgo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Wegner" title="Kai Wegner">Wegner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Josef" title="Mike Josef">Josef</a> (<a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, Germany)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Sala_(politician)" title="Giuseppe Sala (politician)">Sala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a>, Italy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Sobyanin" title="Sergey Sobyanin">Sobyanin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, Russia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Mart%C3%ADnez-Almeida" title="José Luis Martínez-Almeida">Martínez-Almeida</a> (<a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekrem_%C4%B0mamo%C4%9Flu" title="Ekrem İmamoğlu">İmamoğlu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, Turkey)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadiq_Khan" title="Sadiq Khan">Khan</a> (<a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mayors_of_the_50_largest_cities_in_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mayors_of_the_50_largest_U.S._cities" title="Template:Mayors of the 50 largest U.S. cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mayors_of_the_50_largest_U.S._cities" title="Template talk:Mayors of the 50 largest U.S. cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors_of_the_50_largest_U.S._cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors of the 50 largest U.S. cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mayors_of_the_50_largest_cities_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_the_50_largest_cities_in_the_United_States" title="List of mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States">Mayors of the 50 largest cities in the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Adams" title="Eric Adams">Eric Adams</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City, NY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Bass" title="Karen Bass">Karen Bass</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Johnson" title="Brandon Johnson">Brandon Johnson</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago, IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whitmire" title="John Whitmire">John Whitmire</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Gallego" title="Kate Gallego">Kate Gallego</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, AZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherelle_Parker" title="Cherelle Parker">Cherelle Parker</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Nirenberg" title="Ron Nirenberg">Ron Nirenberg</a> (I) <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Gloria" title="Todd Gloria">Todd Gloria</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Johnson_(Texas_politician)" title="Eric Johnson (Texas politician)">Eric Johnson</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Deegan" title="Donna Deegan">Donna Deegan</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida" title="Jacksonville, Florida">Jacksonville, FL</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Blangiardi" title="Rick Blangiardi">Rick Blangiardi</a> (I) <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, HI</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Watson" title="Kirk Watson">Kirk Watson</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Mahan" title="Matt Mahan">Matt Mahan</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/San_Jose,_California" title="San Jose, California">San Jose, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Hogsett" title="Joe Hogsett">Joe Hogsett</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, IN</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattie_Parker" title="Mattie Parker">Mattie Parker</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ginther" title="Andrew Ginther">Andrew Ginther</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi_Lyles" title="Vi Lyles">Vi Lyles</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Breed" title="London Breed">London Breed</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Greenberg" title="Craig Greenberg">Craig Greenberg</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, KY</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Harrell" title="Bruce Harrell">Bruce Harrell</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle, WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnston_(Colorado_politician)" title="Mike Johnston (Colorado politician)">Mike Johnston</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, CO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_O%27Connell" title="Freddie O'Connell">Freddie O'Connell</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, TN</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Holt_(politician)" title="David Holt (politician)">David Holt</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, OK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Leeser" title="Oscar Leeser">Oscar Leeser</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso, TX</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muriel Bowser</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, DC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Goodman" title="Carolyn Goodman">Carolyn Goodman</a> (I) <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas, NV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Wu" title="Michelle Wu">Michelle Wu</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Wheeler" title="Ted Wheeler">Ted Wheeler</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, OR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Young_(American_politician)" title="Paul Young (American politician)">Paul Young</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, TN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duggan" title="Mike Duggan">Mike Duggan</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit, MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Scott" title="Brandon Scott">Brandon Scott</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore, MD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_Johnson" title="Cavalier Johnson">Cavalier Johnson</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee, WI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Keller_(politician)" title="Tim Keller (politician)">Tim Keller</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Albuquerque,_New_Mexico" title="Albuquerque, New Mexico">Albuquerque, NM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regina_Romero" title="Regina Romero">Regina Romero</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona" title="Tucson, Arizona">Tucson, AZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Dyer" title="Jerry Dyer">Jerry Dyer</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrell_Steinberg" title="Darrell Steinberg">Darrell Steinberg</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Giles_(mayor)" title="John Giles (mayor)">John Giles</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona" title="Mesa, Arizona">Mesa, AZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinton_Lucas" title="Quinton Lucas">Quinton Lucas</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City, MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Dickens" title="Andre Dickens">Andre Dickens</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, GA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemi_Mobolade" title="Yemi Mobolade">Yemi Mobolade</a> (I) <a href="/wiki/Colorado_Springs,_Colorado" title="Colorado Springs, Colorado">Colorado Springs, CO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Stothert" title="Jean Stothert">Jean Stothert</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, NE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary-Ann_Baldwin" title="Mary-Ann Baldwin">Mary-Ann Baldwin</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Dyer_(politician)" title="Bobby Dyer (politician)">Bobby Dyer</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Beach,_Virginia" title="Virginia Beach, Virginia">Virginia Beach, VA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rex_Richardson" title="Rex Richardson">Rex Richardson</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Long_Beach,_California" title="Long Beach, California">Long Beach, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Suarez" title="Francis Suarez">Francis Suarez</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami, FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheng_Thao" title="Sheng Thao">Sheng Thao</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Oakland,_California" title="Oakland, California">Oakland, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Frey" title="Jacob Frey">Jacob Frey</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis, MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._T._Bynum" title="G. T. Bynum">G. T. Bynum</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma" title="Tulsa, Oklahoma">Tulsa, OK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_Goh" title="Karen Goh">Karen Goh</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Bakersfield,_California" title="Bakersfield, California">Bakersfield, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Castor" title="Jane Castor">Jane Castor</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, FL</a></li></ol> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>*<a href="/wiki/Honolulu#Government" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Indianapolis" title="Government of Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Jacksonville" title="Government of Jacksonville">Jacksonville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Government of Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee#Law_and_government" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a> have <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">consolidated city-county</a> governments where the mayor is elected by residents of the entire county, not just that of the main city; in these cases the population and respective rank are for the county.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mayors_of_U.S._state_and_territorial_capital_cities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mayors_of_US_State_Capitals" title="Template:Mayors of US State Capitals"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mayors_of_US_State_Capitals" title="Template talk:Mayors of US State Capitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors_of_US_State_Capitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mayors of US State Capitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mayors_of_U.S._state_and_territorial_capital_cities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">Mayors</a> of <a href="/wiki/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States">U.S. state and territorial capital cities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Reed_(mayor)" title="Steven Reed (mayor)">Steven Reed</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery, AL</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beth_Weldon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beth Weldon (page does not exist)">Beth Weldon</a> (I/R) <a href="/wiki/Juneau,_Alaska" title="Juneau, Alaska">Juneau, AK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kate_Gallego" title="Kate Gallego">Kate Gallego</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, AZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Scott_Jr." title="Frank Scott Jr.">Frank Scott Jr.</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock, AR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrell_Steinberg" title="Darrell Steinberg">Darrell Steinberg</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, CA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnston_(Colorado_politician)" title="Mike Johnston (Colorado politician)">Mike Johnston</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Denver" title="Denver">Denver, CO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunan_Arulampalam" title="Arunan Arulampalam">Arunan Arulampalam</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut" title="Hartford, Connecticut">Hartford, CT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Christiansen" title="Robin Christiansen">Robin Christiansen</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Dover,_Delaware" title="Dover, Delaware">Dover, DE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Dailey" title="John E. Dailey">John E. Dailey</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Tallahassee,_Florida" title="Tallahassee, Florida">Tallahassee, FL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Dickens" title="Andre Dickens">Andre Dickens</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, GA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Blangiardi" title="Rick Blangiardi">Rick Blangiardi</a> (I) <a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu, HI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_McLean" title="Lauren McLean">Lauren McLean</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Boise,_Idaho" title="Boise, Idaho">Boise, ID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misty_Buscher" title="Misty Buscher">Misty Buscher</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">Springfield, IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Hogsett" title="Joe Hogsett">Joe Hogsett</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis, IN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Boesen" title="Connie Boesen">Connie Boesen</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Des_Moines" class="mw-redirect" title="Des Moines">Des Moines, IA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Padilla" title="Mike Padilla">Mike Padilla</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">Topeka, KS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Layne_Wilkerson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Layne Wilkerson (page does not exist)">Layne Wilkerson</a> (I) <a href="/wiki/Frankfort,_Kentucky" title="Frankfort, Kentucky">Frankfort, KY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Weston_Broome" title="Sharon Weston Broome">Sharon Weston Broome</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge, LA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_O%27Brien_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark O'Brien (politician) (page does not exist)">Mark O'Brien</a> (?) <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta, ME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Buckley" title="Gavin Buckley">Gavin Buckley</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis, MD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Wu" title="Michelle Wu">Michelle Wu</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston, MA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Schor" title="Andy Schor">Andy Schor</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">Lansing, MI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Carter_(politician)" title="Melvin Carter (politician)">Melvin Carter</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, MN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chokwe_Antar_Lumumba" title="Chokwe Antar Lumumba">Chokwe Antar Lumumba</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson, MS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Fitzwater&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Fitzwater (page does not exist)">Ron Fitzwater</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City, MO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmot_Collins" title="Wilmot Collins">Wilmot Collins</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Helena,_Montana" title="Helena, Montana">Helena, MT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leirion_Gaylor_Baird" title="Leirion Gaylor Baird">Leirion Gaylor Baird</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Lincoln,_Nebraska" title="Lincoln, Nebraska">Lincoln, NE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lori_Bagwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lori Bagwell (page does not exist)">Lori Bagwell</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Carson_City,_Nevada" title="Carson City, Nevada">Carson City, NV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Byron_Champlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byron Champlin (page does not exist)">Byron Champlin</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Concord,_New_Hampshire" title="Concord, New Hampshire">Concord, NH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_Gusciora" title="Reed Gusciora">Reed Gusciora</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Trenton,_New_Jersey" title="Trenton, New Jersey">Trenton, NJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Webber" title="Alan Webber">Alan Webber</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe, NM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Sheehan" title="Kathy Sheehan">Kathy Sheehan</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Albany,_New_York" title="Albany, New York">Albany, NY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary-Ann_Baldwin" title="Mary-Ann Baldwin">Mary-Ann Baldwin</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina">Raleigh, NC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Schmitz_(politician)" title="Mike Schmitz (politician)">Mike Schmitz</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota" title="Bismarck, North Dakota">Bismarck, ND</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ginther" title="Andrew Ginther">Andrew Ginther</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">Columbus, OH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Holt_(politician)" title="David Holt (politician)">David Holt</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City, OK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hoy_(politician)" title="Chris Hoy (politician)">Chris Hoy</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Oregon" title="Salem, Oregon">Salem, OR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanda_Williams" title="Wanda Williams">Wanda Williams</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Harrisburg,_Pennsylvania" title="Harrisburg, Pennsylvania">Harrisburg, PA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Smiley_(politician)" title="Brett Smiley (politician)">Brett Smiley</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, RI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Rickenmann" title="Daniel Rickenmann">Daniel Rickenmann</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Columbia,_South_Carolina" title="Columbia, South Carolina">Columbia, SC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Harding_(mayor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Harding (mayor) (page does not exist)">Steve Harding</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_South_Dakota" title="Pierre, South Dakota">Pierre, SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_O%27Connell" title="Freddie O'Connell">Freddie O'Connell</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville, TN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Watson" title="Kirk Watson">Kirk Watson</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, TX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erin_Mendenhall" title="Erin Mendenhall">Erin Mendenhall</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City, UT</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jack_McCullough_(American_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jack McCullough (American politician) (page does not exist)">Jack McCullough</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Montpelier,_Vermont" title="Montpelier, Vermont">Montpelier, VT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levar_Stoney" title="Levar Stoney">Levar Stoney</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond, VA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dontae_Payne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dontae Payne (page does not exist)">Dontae Payne</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Washington" title="Olympia, Washington">Olympia, WA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Shuler_Goodwin" title="Amy Shuler Goodwin">Amy Shuler Goodwin</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia">Charleston, WV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Rhodes-Conway" title="Satya Rhodes-Conway">Satya Rhodes-Conway</a> (D) <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">Madison, WI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Collins_(politician)" title="Patrick Collins (politician)">Patrick Collins</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Cheyenne,_Wyoming" title="Cheyenne, Wyoming">Cheyenne, WY</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faleupolu_Faavi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faleupolu Faavi (page does not exist)">Faleupolu Faavi</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Pago_Pago" class="mw-redirect" title="Pago Pago">Pago Pago, AS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Cruz" title="John A. Cruz">John A. Cruz</a> (R) <a href="/wiki/Hag%C3%A5t%C3%B1a,_Guam" title="Hagåtña, Guam">Hagåtña, GU</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ramon_Camacho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramon Camacho (page does not exist)">Ramon Camacho</a> (I) <a href="/wiki/Saipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Saipan">Saipan, MP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Romero" title="Miguel Romero">Miguel Romero</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="New Progressive Party (Puerto Rico)">NPP</a>/D) <a href="/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico" title="San Juan, Puerto Rico">San Juan, PR</a></li> <li>Avery Lewis (D) <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Amalie,_U.S._Virgin_Islands" title="Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands">Charlotte Amalie, VI</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Federal capital</dt> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muriel Bowser</a> (D), <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, DC</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_of_the_District_of_Columbia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leaders_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Template:Leaders of the District of Columbia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Leaders_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Template talk:Leaders of the District of Columbia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Leaders of the District of Columbia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_of_the_District_of_Columbia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Washington,_D.C." title="List of mayors of Washington, D.C.">Leaders of the District of Columbia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governor (1871–1874)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Cooke" title="Henry D. Cooke">Cooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Robey_Shepherd" title="Alexander Robey Shepherd">Shepherd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commission President (1874–1967)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Dennison_Jr." title="William Dennison Jr.">Dennison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Ledyard_Phelps" title="Seth Ledyard Phelps">Phelps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Dent" title="Josiah Dent">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._West" title="J. R. West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Barker_Edmonds" title="James Barker Edmonds">Edmonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Benning_Webb" title="William Benning Webb">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Watkinson_Douglass" title="John Watkinson Douglass">Douglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Ross" title="John Wesley Ross">Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Brewer_Wight" title="John Brewer Wight">Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Brown_Floyd_MacFarland" title="Henry Brown Floyd MacFarland">MacFarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuno_Hugo_Rudolph" title="Cuno Hugo Rudolph">Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Peck_Newman" title="Oliver Peck Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Brownlow" title="Louis Brownlow">Brownlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Willauer_Kutz" title="Charles Willauer Kutz">Kutz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thilman_Hendrick" title="John Thilman Hendrick">Hendrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuno_Hugo_Rudolph" title="Cuno Hugo Rudolph">Rudolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proctor_Lambert_Dougherty" title="Proctor Lambert Dougherty">Dougherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_Halsey_Reichelderfer" title="Luther Halsey Reichelderfer">Reichelderfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Hazen" title="Melvin Hazen">Hazen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Russell_Young_(politician)" title="John Russell Young (politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Joseph_Donohue" title="F. Joseph Donohue">Donohue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Spencer_(DC_Commissioner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Spencer (DC Commissioner)">Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._McLaughlin" title="Robert E. McLaughlin">McLaughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Nathan_Tobriner" title="Walter Nathan Tobriner">Tobriner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mayor-Commissioner (1967–1975)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Washington" title="Walter Washington">Washington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mayor (since 1975)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Washington" title="Walter Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Barry" title="Marion Barry">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Pratt_Kelly" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharon Pratt Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Barry" title="Marion Barry">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_A._Williams" title="Anthony A. Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Fenty" title="Adrian Fenty">Fenty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_C._Gray" title="Vincent C. Gray">Gray</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bowser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6938597#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6938597#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6938597#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/116159639249443290004">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/121460644X">Germany</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6096xbv">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&oldid=1257773273">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muriel_Bowser&oldid=1257773273</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1972_births" title="Category:1972 births">1972 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_African-American_politicians" 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