CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "pubs.acs.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '9139bd901bfcce5f',cH: 'J8PLS8NlqzePNpbQy_qJ545nuzhZLvp4EfVD4AkHmJc-1739836864-1.2.1.1-vBEq0XTMZJKDgFb6YsheUV14hjyeYRXeJg7UJDHwmbI8mbqIHZnnMMPx.qOQQQgi',cUPMDTk: "\/cen\/science\/87\/8703sci2.html?__cf_chl_tk=gJk9COeU1pHP.irb4amQuzByuBNdkYVSvogPdUOMreA-1739836864-1.0.1.1-qOtmMNUlDeuCx9T8NDgP5FrF3hlAFWKjhjm5IDjgBko",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739836864',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/cen\/science\/87\/8703sci2.html?__cf_chl_f_tk=gJk9COeU1pHP.irb4amQuzByuBNdkYVSvogPdUOMreA-1739836864-1.0.1.1-qOtmMNUlDeuCx9T8NDgP5FrF3hlAFWKjhjm5IDjgBko",md: "iyN4OkghHx1JCniUeVV8iAKz.NSpxPYDzbEkDfs6sJA-1739836864-1.2.1.1-ZlcONx0vArbB0oQJWtLK5MKwgMUwBoUVKnCy.ZdNRqNxitOxDM5ZMrBsE14FNbCLzhAfmQ.FzSTKxGit_C.FNDgBhyaCtTYoExvtmi_BG7fNYDL5E7Uv7HKY_QlTWIsiyLVoqTFbE87rT32R8I1SYisbJMzN4nvi5SbN7OsACV2cZ0jp9VtrlRqHOngskFcN3TYNW_FOOaGjkCKpIyvd.exPioavgOvezZ6c8ZR9WNu0tKi26PkxHfEJCzEmrrd_m2Z93k8nO.r_NT7U1OmKLXKuGTF1v.A74pxGqlxI42n90lGjkOT0jiUA9uTGs3X6b._o78jvWfEMkz1jv02tCxKUuVjN3JAOMqMd.N5lr1NoZNoaBx3ds3c.7J5Ucq3.8.y3GKpn_9Y_JFhpPJjfcL.OqFaQTCboxOW7xdNXLIFofNIB8Lp8WWkube6moyDaKF9N.c19tPv8YMFXEwBT1aP6QpwxdUTDKjlOWDAdQERZwRsca78YmRqdGQCL61t6HfOQC8PdAcZxUHN6a.rJat1MyF9V.v_UxMIhljMh2whRWqNCGH4_Hmzt8mf6lFdL8NNxN5WMuNZlKbRJzsjR8HsZ1B89Tkg4vvhQ1tejfqjLXgsTWqicmNuzF5y4ItEniyr3omxKSSQ1IP5p3DhBv7YBNolgEStI5S5WPpzbrCwxKCi4W9WXZSNlOx4f4f81MI7FklscdZh3dXniwMqnZgxZ_Tf3siGs4l9p5JFTY9qbuTGeDgZDdxI9.wBvdykQD9KNA5vo.cQdIqZqbyA0xEIG.JpjCHYU24mPq6AHPSkrI1eQSGChlRxWsgYzeSrV8aKWY5jcWHzp4COot2zkCadhgvS2rziF._D6dT2YNomsqxjocTIUPTduqKNQ_xLUcWrtNZLnMRYmTvz1cWy_aMbsoAn0_XLmBmi2J._dhLbaVZAle4MPfvlYwPJVmKC0FjeQIQKdFmd802CK.Sg46HN1TIljoIpOHO.gDJPaS1Lgoj2yLyXwq.4sB3JLc8tN7slPJ6bojOQG7IW79mCeduItOlseCSCKcK5IM_5ERLjltU8jmGEp0UkaXGH7HMkok0qUyRMqhaHKeeEwVPLBqhypT9n7iRvE2IFJbNLAbwpxmN53OOOLuBQ4uy7dBZVcrf6Dl_6tkbcFZqoytpeiNyMq0XwtE0TcwGHzj2PJc8dYIzwr.8TCqUerBPFh6eA674d8wps5QPZLD2wjn2skzReCQZMJmydcZmfu9i8sWWt81Bwhn3VklWKjjIrCYTbCQ_baImJ1fneTGMteFqkLjrXOQWZKW6TLRjwIvI4itqzbJkXfve.que4lDrV42AVb_Xo40wFdTchFDkx39E2BQWhD1NFUvXz9W4Elz3pajkfm5DTw3hGyj.M8jcEGgQlsniF0codBskErOaMdi_G1CKyFjOq6BXNxl9ABiZECbwG1bYBUSCaz5E9BfMUC6S4QMHGjl4VDuEx5CvqK_9m.Qo9tuRoWn2n5PEr.1ydxDhQ0NEOsUNItr6XL5A5IZI.tvydnD6FH.BNyJ3rVL.Znjg8DtusS.Ojn7jJNhaGnK46MupMLGZ9Fb7XT0MgIMRz5PYI1cczgfuVd7UBK936JiAzkI14qk80G9hQPovG6sJZX88.Ldexdr5PDYgEg2N8hCUosJ0wdmCgTsshpdlshWgfUqTg1kNBndoZqkV8oRHJ12txFIAbijEC28utqPOOYzPj1t.Jvz0atDrync1TIn9yRbTBMW2sg9uiKodQH_JcPmR9tDRwCkyJKb4Gl8.uzYUS_JrXk4UI9TakdavUrQ7Bl8NV.RhxN2mxqYiJ7TnO4Ar52LGQ7Ls3IXr7fn1VH_PKhzodrolbcTJPzGgiBA85blz6QzW5xvEg0NF6gzvmOcGIgY8QLGVdqGGVFbWd2KSC_jX1DPxfXkbleWjU8j3S9dDC5gJjoLppCdqERin.DuZhzNwC9V21fbvgV_qn4CI8TwVUNJma1PiEgHE.E2X1WqFO13JRN7dI5vUYd.ftP8pUL6V7TUJTkOFKEK1D1eKr0Q7aVMeoin9pjIpUgMjlMKqsNY.MJvd7t6p.qbsr4uiAAJBOrMBMIiE3iNlgv_MKgbD8fzd9QqTygHCl_Gp1ve10STc16uZbx5kUnCH.AvQi_KiKFGWHmygmoOUWMaiRV3A0XKg_fGW7n98P5ZRohjHdUK8KXwc1nAkYXTSl3osEz9IBpToIvPHh4OQ7sVykjuy2zBg4WEIfoD5Deiw59eHaIk6_oMYD43LN5BhUFrg2GFPiL6JqDXYVrmP3lRGO8MOwCxse.YXVSCoeD5w36wUPQwjAApMc..ec7TFLFxN4NJt1ghCG1IZzonTRHU83e5dg76aITpgp4TFGbLGeGveVN5hYRosC6f2UI_WNsFr1xfR3Hl896VtpvbQHrKqq2DJW1xabThBpnFVeOa1CSO3Ze9bZaSd7c3LlDntRKrpnIC7sBTQQC6rml1kttJWXz7SAO.S.nNbo03cmYKnLizuHmYckmiQxUvIQcSvlibCxB4l_thTbFwEE6W0BQfnCO9ZZwjQtGadPMu1UtUA",mdrd: "9L2zAq3eQ4or83ibArsVjtNwCR1k4TTGujvTGS8hqtU-1739836864-1.2.1.1-X5MXsjf5np4kY7ZqiQiEAod5KW2GFtppF3MZEz6lwZ1NV79hWBFZJw8W4hNrjfK0ECD14.nf8AoRIG0R4K8J316f.K0zoHB5GK8RNwjQjXpoKKYviMIxucxS_oy0fV2ypEXZ5j3i2E2sdiKyxSF7tPZkLx_3rsWrIt7QP2qej5iH_pOEVHBM.a.rgUlVwnkLqAJyEZziJJ50OrJnyQfwjH6tpsH9VR__1sW_6WFRexv1K9jPYeroxx5FfTRhqyqcA7l.M_ZYcu8dM9XcWWNoTcyZngE3VkVm0dihePicJsVW13lS6C59pj4lEhcu6Gpb7ZHLEgRX66pYzuBODDUW1HgSB82j9zbHAZykzWswgu2DfH2xQCQ6jONaTrhCX5VMXvEv5zIdXP7c0V7QPXHoXFwl_rSxubG8mbTSiagO_zefBBPM_oQUl9_BAHrwCalfox7Wc8sLtmqc7jt7eAD9ribsoynNj_2piUFkuDcTOGSjdusPS6161y2yROxq60H43jUJjUWlWBbN6EVCpjLhhmIJu_yXhavCTmKrR_EgQl4Y.mx1.2_kQbFiFtpYPcRK15jbjcvs_hUZWGol0SbJmdMI1Eyk6sqqBvsSXhM9viGUFLnFm0x_fCxH_UVeIUZxyw7KDDre.dRjXF8Tj.Xz.JDVRk67b2xfKfhUGxCcD8ZRCaZZLifYE.dw1evyQzIfIYvIb7IrWGmPLLeov.9TXb6O9Z9XOGVsg73Wp9ywrsHsPVNZxQSRXgC1HpuPJlRm2lhAlmJqxUK4XDi0zHxoZQhk16P5Qcb6XSYeV9Y3BwvXhRr41HFVmo4nvBvKkmYd4PVDGaCoSgzW_rzryOEeZU4ee8IrM6DFeDpW9psU0P_XNZzFn09_TmjmIE7Clm7AJRU4e_7zSQ32kLGjyFv_oL.nre8asptotbp0.9MeCP0crYNuFmmdfWIBzMrY4rn70sZ_ukYE5McPMJtzwtWgQcSQw5DFGYuH8EfUv06Q20iIDZTcySJkLAEWjdfWTodwpYUIh68jMgurHw.zh3doEMOuziDhnef3_diIiCp6TKIIVKTpwV8WzQHibR1I1HpwUb7ShjBYrOmIIbeE9SzGCi4UPtVwnKwSEfG3RBzcn5Ax1KsPQ3Zhk3huA2I.AkcRhJxrm0dKfMVTknpzZLZXbMiWq7WZhGs2VdL5_rdaIf8.g8xlL6Tg0Ufa6qIUfIS4wXyhu9l.vzPXrvfaZ7Zha6KGcwojI2kXCac_it6_33w9AeUkaI4yb6kKDVtf6hOuOEpSOrWkFxg5snWxf1.Oza0NAdbSjPq40HOisOYEbz568BmsBs5NpI3mhL55eLm0hvhRwn1ywgraPKZaDcC0k12thX4HbHf0WEaFOiApBP5EQ2Aga7ZwsOziZUsegojDYOZmoApcqmxRp75lB3z3ANWcQX4.RbKYgQ11M7vr2MJlHlXFW5niNSLoga83oUvP4Tojt_9o8FMbss8a1gHe77YcMYhx6HIX0WarQPQWfUN3WUJ3bscDCG8eS5V1_3APVIcq0XJiuiPjfKFLFVEKTyZtQlMSccgWhPM5ZYz9CA5azAQpuEPUgm529pCobZEELI6s3mpRj25UDwFUFWLHBoqosfZyL_QuLsbHfm4r4ZOGUVV36RCXrIs.opw1PoeE47Wvl3VOsdGrpZZNobJPuJL88PXn_uq_6qRr57sd6UAUVj7PtR3xcvWl_s5Onbv4bP6Bn_lAaFeZNsMgEnKa0GZtGxRTUS3KxDTRIBtCw1dZcX4.IdDwtXSPXWNeOPapaJK587BuavZtMrjQLUalFhy2VkWjhsbKMx1fxq9_s0FUX73uNKSwmOQJq0wc07rewhu0YwdLQLXJNSOpsFipBnVAwgu4arv9dRrxWSec9VxAbeiZtGIJRLBvbZ_KN8VrxhIjBfs37YzrTLDThxD9MRNieLr7KMXzZIgAMzXaBKTA_2UYroi9giMmD5.Mu3jt86ZD7XDJG1uWBHRrUNfkbg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9139bd901bfcce5f';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/cen\/science\/87\/8703sci2.html?__cf_chl_rt_tk=gJk9COeU1pHP.irb4amQuzByuBNdkYVSvogPdUOMreA-1739836864-1.0.1.1-qOtmMNUlDeuCx9T8NDgP5FrF3hlAFWKjhjm5IDjgBko" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>