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diffraction</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: X-ray diffraction"> <meta name="keywords" content="X-ray diffraction"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="X-ray diffraction"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 310</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: X-ray diffraction</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">310</span> Numerical Example of Aperiodic Diffraction Grating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Youssef%20Khmou">Youssef Khmou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Said%20Safi"> Said Safi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Miloud%20Frikel"> Miloud Frikel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diffraction grating is periodic module used in many engineering fields, its geometrical conception gives interesting properties of diffraction and interferences, a uniform and periodic diffraction grating consists of a number of identical apertures that are equally spaced, in this case, the amplitude of intensity distribution in the far field region is generally modulated by diffraction pattern of single aperture. In this paper, we study the case of aperiodic diffraction grating with identical rectangular apertures where theirs coordinates are modeled by square root function, we elaborate a computer simulation comparatively to the periodic array with same length and we discuss the numerical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffraction%20grating" title="Diffraction grating">Diffraction grating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=interferences" title=" interferences"> interferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=amplitude%0D%0Amodulation" title=" amplitude modulation"> amplitude modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=laser." title=" laser."> laser.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/numerical-example-of-aperiodic-diffraction-grating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1080</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">309</span> Patterned Growth of ZnO Nanowire Arrays on Zinc Foil by Thermal Oxidation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farid%20Jamali%20Sheini">Farid Jamali Sheini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dilip%20S.%20Joag"> Dilip S. Joag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mahendra%20A.%20More"> Mahendra A. More</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A simple approach is demonstrated for growing large scale, nearly vertically aligned ZnO nanowire arrays by thermal oxidation method. To reveal effect of temperature on growth and physical properties of the ZnO nanowires, gold coated zinc substrates were annealed at 300 掳C and 400 掳C for 4 hours duration in air. Xray diffraction patterns of annealed samples indicated a set of well defined diffraction peaks, indexed to the wurtzite hexagonal phase of ZnO. The scanning electron microscopy studies show formation of ZnO nanowires having length of several microns and average of diameter less than 500 nm. It is found that the areal density of wires is relatively higher, when the annealing is carried out at higher temperature i.e. at 400掳C. From the field emission studies, the values of the turn-on and threshold field, required to draw emission current density of 10 渭A/cm2 and 100 渭A/cm2 are observed to be 1.2 V/渭m and 1.7 V/渭m for the samples annealed at 300 掳C and 2.9 V/渭m and 3.7 V/渭m for that annealed at 400 掳C, respectively. The field emission current stability, investigated over duration of more than 2 hours at the preset value of 1 渭A, is found to be fairly good in both cases. The simplicity of the synthesis route coupled with the promising field emission properties offer unprecedented advantage for the use of ZnO field emitters for high current density applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ZnO" title="ZnO">ZnO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanowires" title=" Nanowires"> Nanowires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thermal%20oxidation" title=" Thermal oxidation"> Thermal oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FieldEmission." title=" FieldEmission."> FieldEmission.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/patterned-growth-of-zno-nanowire-arrays-on-zinc-foil-by-thermal-oxidation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12661.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2059</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">308</span> Development of Material Analyzing Software Using X-Ray Diffraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Le%20Chi%20Cuong">Le Chi Cuong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>X-ray diffraction is an effective mean for analyzing material properties. This paper developed a new computational software for determining the properties of crystalline materials such as elastic constants, residual stresses, surface hardness, phase components, and etc. The results computed from the X-ray diffraction method were compared to those from the traditional methods and they are in the 95% confidential limits, showing that the newly developed software has high reproducibility, opening a possibility of its commercialization.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction" title="X-ray diffraction">X-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nondestructive%20evaluation" title=" Nondestructive evaluation"> Nondestructive evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hardness" title=" Hardness"> Hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Residual%20stress" title=" Residual stress"> Residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phase%20determination." title=" Phase determination. "> Phase determination. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/development-of-material-analyzing-software-using-x-ray-diffraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1959</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">307</span> Temperature Effect on the Solid-State Synthesis of Dehydrated Zinc Borates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Tugrul">N. Tugrul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Baran%20Acarali"> N. Baran Acarali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20S.%20Kipcak"> A. S. Kipcak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Moroydor%20Derun"> E. Moroydor Derun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Piskin"> S. Piskin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turkey has 72 % of total world boron reserves on the basis of B2O3.Borates that is a refined form of boron minerals have a wide range of applications. Zinc borates can be used as multifunctional synergistic additives. The most important properties are low solubility in water and high dehydration temperature. Zinc borates dehydrate above 290掳C and anhydrous zinc borate has thermal resistance about 400掳C. Zinc borates can be synthesized using several methods such as hydrothermal and solid-state processes. In this study, the solid-state method was applied between 500 and 800掳C using the starting materials of ZnO and H3BO3 with 1:4 mole ratio. The reaction time was determined as 4 hours after some preliminary experiments. After the synthesis, the crystal structure and the morphology of the products were examined by XRay Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman Spectrometer. As a result the form of ZnB4O7 was synthesized with the highest crystal score at 800掳C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Raman" title="Raman">Raman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solid-state%20method" title=" solid-state method"> solid-state method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=zinc%20borate" title=" zinc borate"> zinc borate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=XRD." title=" XRD."> XRD.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/temperature-effect-on-the-solid-state-synthesis-of-dehydrated-zinc-borates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">306</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Silver/Polylactide Nanocomposites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kamyar%20Shameli">Kamyar Shameli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mansor%20Bin%20Ahmad"> Mansor Bin Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wan%20Md%20Zin%20Wan%20Yunus"> Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nor%20Azowa%20Ibrahim"> Nor Azowa Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maryam%20Jokar"> Maryam Jokar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Majid%20Darroudi">Majid Darroudi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Silver/polylactide nanocomposites (Ag/PLA-NCs) were synthesized via chemical reduction method in diphase solvent. Silver nitrate and sodium borohydride were used as a silver precursor and reducing agent in the polylactide (PLA). The properties of Ag/PLA-NCs were studied as a function of the weight percentages of silver nanoparticles (8, 16 and 32 wt% of Ag-NPs) relative to the weight of PLA. The Ag/PLA-NCs were characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electro-optical microscopy (EOM), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD patterns confirmed that Ag-NPs crystallographic planes were face centered cubic (fcc) type. TEM images showed that mean diameters of Ag-NPs were 3.30, 3.80 and 4.80 nm. Electro-optical microscopy revealed excellent dispersion and interaction between Ag-NPs and PLA films. The generation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed from the UVvisible spectra. FT-IR spectra showed that there were no significant differences between PLA and Ag/PLA-NCs films. The synthesized Ag/PLA-NCs were stable in organic solution over a long period of time without sign of precipitation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanocomposites" title="Nanocomposites">Nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Polylactide" title=" Polylactide"> Polylactide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Silver%20Nanoparticles" title=" Silver Nanoparticles"> Silver Nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sodium%20Borohydride" title="Sodium Borohydride">Sodium Borohydride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Transmission%20Electron%20Microscopy." title=" Transmission Electron Microscopy."> Transmission Electron Microscopy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/synthesis-and-characterization-of-silverpolylactide-nanocomposites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">305</span> Promising Immobilization of Cadmium and Lead inside Ca-rich Glass-ceramics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Karnis">A. Karnis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Gautron"> L. Gautron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering toxicity of heavy metals and their accumulation in domestic wastes, immobilization of lead and cadmium is envisaged inside glass-ceramics. We particularly focused this work on calcium-rich phases embedded in a glassy matrix. Glass-ceramics were synthesized from glasses doped with 12 wt% and 16 wt% of PbO or CdO. They were observed and analyzed by Electron MicroProbe Analysis (EMPA) and Analytical Scanning Electron Microscopy (ASEM). Structural characterization of the samples was performed by powder XRay Diffraction. Diopside crystals of CaMgSi2O6 composition are shown to incorporate significant amounts of cadmium (up to 9 wt% of CdO). Two new crystalline phases are observed with very high Cd or Pb contents: about 40 wt% CdO for the cadmiumrich phase and near 60 wt% PbO for the lead-rich phase. We present complete chemical and structural characterization of these phases. They represent a promising way for the immobilization of toxic elements like Cd or Pb since glass ceramics are known to propose a 鈥渄ouble barrier" protection (metal-rich crystals embedded in a glass matrix) against metal release in the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cadmium" title="Cadmium">Cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Calcium-rich%20phases" title=" Calcium-rich phases"> Calcium-rich phases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diopside" title=" Diopside"> Diopside</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Domesticwastes" title=" Domesticwastes"> Domesticwastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fly%20ashes" title=" Fly ashes"> Fly ashes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Glass-ceramics" title=" Glass-ceramics"> Glass-ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lead" title=" Lead"> Lead</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Municipal%20Solid%20WasteIncineration." title=" Municipal Solid WasteIncineration."> Municipal Solid WasteIncineration.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/promising-immobilization-of-cadmium-and-lead-inside-ca-rich-glass-ceramics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1656</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">304</span> Texture Observation of Bending by XRD and EBSD Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Takashi%20Sakai">Takashi Sakai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yuri%20Shimomura"> Yuri Shimomura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The crystal orientation is a factor that affects the microscopic material properties. Crystal orientation determines the anisotropy of the polycrystalline material. And it is closely related to the mechanical properties of the material. In this paper, for pure copper polycrystalline material, two different methods; X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD); and the crystal orientation were analyzed. In the latter method, it is possible that the X-ray beam diameter is thicker as compared to the former, to measure the crystal orientation macroscopically relatively. By measurement of the above, we investigated the change in crystal orientation and internal tissues of pure copper.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bending" title="Bending">Bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electron%20backscatter%20diffraction" title=" electron backscatter diffraction"> electron backscatter diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction" title=" X-ray diffraction"> X-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IPF%20map" title=" IPF map"> IPF map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=orientation%20distribution%20function." title=" orientation distribution function."> orientation distribution function.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/texture-observation-of-bending-by-xrd-and-ebsd-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008690.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1757</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">303</span> Preparation and Fabrication of Lithium Disilicate Glass Ceramic as Dental Crowns via Hot Pressing Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Srion">A. Srion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Thepsuwan"> W. Thepsuwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Monmaturapoj"> N. Monmaturapoj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Two Lithium Disilicate (LD) glass ceramics based on SiO2-Li2O-K2O-Al2O3 system were prepared through a glass melting method. The glass rods were then fabricated into dental crowns via a hot pressing at 900藲C and 850藲C in order to study the effect of the pressing temperatures on the phase formation and microstructure of the glasses. Different samples of as cast glass and heat treated samples (600藲C and 700藲C) were used to press for investigating the effect of an initial microstructure on the hot pressing technique. Xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to determine the phase formation and microstructure of the samples, respectively. XRD results show that the main crystalline structure was Li2Si2O5 by having Li3PO4, Li0.6Al0.6Si2O6, Li2SiO3, Ca5 (PO4)3F and SiO2 as minor phases. Glass compositions with different heat treatment temperatures exhibited a difference phase formations but have less effect during pressing. SEM micrographs showed the microstructure of Li2Si2O5 as lath-like shape in all glasses. With increasing the initial heat treatment temperature, the longer the lath-like crystals of lithium disilicate were increased especially when using glass heat treatment at 700藲C followed by pressing at 900藲C. This could be suggested that LD1 heat treatment at 700藲C which pressing at 900藲C presented the best formation by the hot pressing and compiled microstructure.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lithium%20disilicate" title="Lithium disilicate">Lithium disilicate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hot%20pressing" title=" Hot pressing"> Hot pressing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dental%20crown" title=" Dental crown"> Dental crown</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microstructure." title=" Microstructure."> Microstructure.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/preparation-and-fabrication-of-lithium-disilicate-glass-ceramic-as-dental-crowns-via-hot-pressing-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">302</span> Comparative Optical Analysis of Offset Reflector Antenna in GRASP</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ghulam%20Ahmad">Ghulam Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper comparison of Reflector Antenna analyzing techniques based on wave and ray nature of optics is presented for an offset reflector antenna using GRASP (General Reflector antenna Analysis Software Package) software. The results obtained using PO (Physical Optics), PTD (Physical theory of Diffraction), and GTD (Geometrical Theory of Diffraction) are compared. The validity of PO and GTD techniques in regions around the antenna, caustic behavior of GTD in main beam, and deviation of GTD in case of near-in sidelobes of radiation pattern are discussed. The comparison for far-out sidelobes predicted by PO, PO + PTD and GTD is described. The effect of Direct Radiations from feed which results in feed selection for the system is addressed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Geometrical%20optics%20%26%20geometrical%20theory%20of%0Adiffraction" title="Geometrical optics & geometrical theory of diffraction">Geometrical optics & geometrical theory of diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=offset%20reflector%20antenna" title=" offset reflector antenna"> offset reflector antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=physical%20optics%20%26%20physical%0Atheory%20of%20diffraction" title=" physical optics & physical theory of diffraction"> physical optics & physical theory of diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PO%20%26%20GO%20comaprison." title=" PO & GO comaprison."> PO & GO comaprison.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/comparative-optical-analysis-of-offset-reflector-antenna-in-grasp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">301</span> Structural Characterization and Physical Properties of Antimicrobial (AM) Starch-Based Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Eraricar%20Salleh">Eraricar Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ida%20Idayu%20Muhamad"> Ida Idayu Muhamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nozieanna%20Khairuddin"> Nozieanna Khairuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antimicrobial (AM) starch-based films were developed by incorporating chitosan and lauric acid as antimicrobial agent into starch-based film. Chitosan has wide range of applications as a biomaterial, but barriers still exist to its broader use due to its physical and chemical limitations. In this work, a series of starch/chitosan (SC) blend films containing 8% of lauric acid was prepared by casting method. The structure of the film was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Xray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that there were strong interactions were present between the hydroxyl groups of starch and the amino groups of chitosan resulting in a good miscibility between starch and chitosan in the blend films. Physical properties and optical properties of the AM starch-based film were evaluated. The AM starch-based films incorporated with chitosan and lauric acid showed an improvement in water vapour transmission rate (WVTR) and addition of starch content provided more transparent films while the yellowness of the film attributed to the higher chitosan content. The improvement in water barrier properties was mainly attributed to the hydrophobicity of lauric acid and optimum chitosan or starch content. AM starch based film also showed excellent oxygen barrier. Obtaining films with good oxygen permeability would be an indication of the potential use of these antimicrobial packaging as a natural packaging and an alternative packaging to the synthetic polymer to protect food from oxidation reactions <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Antimicrobial%20starch-based%20films" title="Antimicrobial starch-based films">Antimicrobial starch-based films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lauric%20acid" title=" lauric acid"> lauric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=starch." title=" starch."> starch.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/structural-characterization-and-physical-properties-of-antimicrobial-am-starch-based-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2808</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">300</span> Optical Induction of 2D and 3D Photonic Lattices in Photorefractive Materials based on Talbot effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Badalyan">A. Badalyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Hovsepyan"> R. Hovsepyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Mekhitaryan"> V. Mekhitaryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Mantashyan"> P. Mantashyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Drampyan"> R. Drampyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we report the technique of optical induction of 2 and 3-dimensional (2D and 3D) photonic lattices in photorefractive materials based on diffraction grating self replication -Talbot effect. 1D and 2D different rotational symmery diffraction masks with the periods of few tens micrometers and 532 nm cw laser beam were used in the experiments to form an intensity modulated light beam profile. A few hundred micrometric scale replications of mask generated intensity structures along the beam propagation axis were observed. Up to 20 high contrast replications were detected for 1D annular mask with 30 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffraction%20gratings" title="Diffraction gratings">Diffraction gratings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=photonic%20lattice" title=" photonic lattice"> photonic lattice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Talbot%0D%0Aeffect." title=" Talbot effect."> Talbot effect.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/optical-induction-of-2d-and-3d-photonic-lattices-in-photorefractive-materials-based-on-talbot-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1866</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">299</span> Some Aspects Regarding I. R. Absorbing Materials Based On Thin Alumina Films for Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion, Using X-Ray Diffraction Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sorina%20Adriana%20Mitrea">Sorina Adriana Mitrea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Silvia%20Maria%20Hodorogea"> Silvia Maria Hodorogea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anca%20Duta"> Anca Duta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Luminita%20Isac"> Luminita Isac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elena%20Purghel"> Elena Purghel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mihaela%20Voinea">Mihaela Voinea</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Solar energy is the most “available", ecological and clean energy. This energy can be used in active or passive mode. The active mode implies the transformation of solar energy into a useful energy. The solar energy can be transformed into thermal energy, using solar collectors. In these collectors, the active and the most important element is the absorber, material which performs the absorption of solar radiation and, in at the same time, limits its reflection. The paper presents some aspects regarding the IR absorbing material – a type of cermets, used as absorber in the solar collectors, by X Ray Diffraction Technique (XRD) characterization.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alumina%20films" title="Alumina films">Alumina films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction." title=" X-ray diffraction."> X-ray diffraction.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/some-aspects-regarding-i-r-absorbing-materials-based-on-thin-alumina-films-for-solar-thermal-energy-conversion-using-x-ray-diffraction-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1586</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">298</span> Performance Analysis of CATR Reflector with Super Hybrid Modulated Segmented Exponential Serrated Edges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Venkata%20Rama%20Krishna">T. Venkata Rama Krishna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Siddaiah"> P. Siddaiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Prabhakara%20Rao"> B. Prabhakara Rao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presented a theoretical and numerical investigation of the Compact Antenna Test Range (CATR) equipped with Super Hybrid Modulated Segmented Exponential Serrations (SHMSES). The investigation was based on diffraction theory and, more specifically, the Fresnel diffraction formulation. The CATR provides uniform illumination within the Fresnel region to test antenna. Application of serrated edges has been shown to be a good method to control diffraction at the edges of the reflectors. However, in order to get some insight into the positive effect of serrated edges a less rigorous analysis technique known as Physical Optics (PO) may be used. Ripple free and enhanced quiet zone width are observed for specific values of width and height modulation factors per serrations. The performance of SHMSE serrated reflector is evaluated in order to observe the effects of edge diffraction on the test zone fields.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fresnel%20region" title="Fresnel region">Fresnel region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=quiet%20zone" title=" quiet zone"> quiet zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=physical%20optics" title=" physical optics"> physical optics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ripples" title=" ripples"> ripples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=serrations." title=" serrations."> serrations.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/performance-analysis-of-catr-reflector-with-super-hybrid-modulated-segmented-exponential-serrated-edges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1536</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">297</span> Global and Local Structure of Supported Pd Catalysts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.%20Rednic">V. Rednic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Aldea"> N. Aldea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Marginean"> P. Marginean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Macovei"> D. Macovei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20M.%20Teodorescu"> C. M. Teodorescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Dorolti"> E. Dorolti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Matei"> F. Matei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The supported Pd catalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy in order to determine their global and local structure. The average particle size of the supported Pd catalysts was determined by X-ray diffraction method. One of the main purposes of the present contribution is to focus on understanding the specific role of the Pd particle size determined by X-ray diffraction and that of the support oxide. Based on X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy analysis we consider that the whole local structure of the investigated samples are distorted concerning the atomic number but the distances between atoms are almost the same as for standard Pd sample. Due to the strong modifications of the Pd cluster local structure, the metal-support interface may influence the electronic properties of metal clusters and thus their reactivity for absorption of the reactant molecules. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=metal-support%20interaction" title="metal-support interaction">metal-support interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=supported%20metal%20catalysts" title=" supported metal catalysts"> supported metal catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=synchrotron%20radiation" title="synchrotron radiation">synchrotron radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray%20absorption%20spectroscopy" title=" X-ray absorption spectroscopy"> X-ray absorption spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-raydiffraction" title=" X-raydiffraction"> X-raydiffraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/global-and-local-structure-of-supported-pd-catalysts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1535</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">296</span> An Investigation of New Phase Diagram of Ag2SO4 - CaSO4</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ravi%20V.%20Joat">Ravi V. Joat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pravin%20S.%20Bodke"> Pravin S. Bodke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shradha%20S.%20Binani"> Shradha S. Binani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20S.%20Wasnik"> S. S. Wasnik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A phase diagram of the Ag<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> - CaSO<sub>4</sub> (Silver sulphate – Calcium Sulphate) binaries system using conductivity, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction Technique) and DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis) data is constructed. The eutectic reaction (liquid -» a-Ag<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> + CaSO<sub>4</sub>) is observed at 10 mole% CaSO<sub>4</sub> and 645°C. Room temperature solid solubility limit up to 5.27 mole % of Ca<sup> 2+ </sup>in Ag<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> is set using X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results. All compositions beyond this limit are two-phase mixtures below and above the transition temperature (≈ 416°C). The bulk conductivity, obtained following complex impedance spectroscopy, is found decreasing with increase in CaSO<sub>4</sub> content. Amongst other binary compositions, the 80AgSO<sub>4</sub>-20CaSO<sub>4</sub> gave improved sinterability/packing density.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ag2SO4-CaSO4%20%28Silver%20sulphate%E2%80%93Calcium%20Sulphate%29%20binaries%20system" title="Ag2SO4-CaSO4 (Silver sulphate鈥揅alcium Sulphate) binaries system">Ag2SO4-CaSO4 (Silver sulphate鈥揅alcium Sulphate) binaries system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=XRD%20%28X-Ray%20Diffraction%20Technique%29%20and%20DTA%20%28Differential%20Thermal%20Analysis%29." title=" XRD (X-Ray Diffraction Technique) and DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis)."> XRD (X-Ray Diffraction Technique) and DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/an-investigation-of-new-phase-diagram-of-ag2so4-caso4" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999241.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">295</span> Application of MoM-GEC Method for Electromagnetic Study of Planar Microwave Structures: Shielding Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Nouainia">Ahmed Nouainia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohamed%20Hajji"> Mohamed Hajji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taoufik%20Aguili"> Taoufik Aguili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an electromagnetic analysis is presented for describing the influence of shielding in a rectangular waveguide. A hybridization based on the method of moments combined to the generalized equivalent circuit MoM-GEC is used to model the problem. This is validated by applying the MoM-GEC hybridization to investigate a diffraction structure. It consists of electromagnetic diffraction by an iris in a rectangular waveguide. Numerical results are shown and discussed and a comparison with FEM and Marcuvitz methods is achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Inductive%20irises" title="Inductive irises">Inductive irises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MoM-GEC" title=" MoM-GEC"> MoM-GEC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=waveguide" title=" waveguide"> waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shielding." title=" shielding."> shielding.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/application-of-mom-gec-method-for-electromagnetic-study-of-planar-microwave-structures-shielding-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">294</span> Basic Evaluation for Polyetherimide Membrane Using Spectroscopy Techniques </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hanan%20Alenezi">Hanan Alenezi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Membrane performance depends on the kind of solvent used in preparation. A membrane made by Polyetherimide (PEI) was evaluated for gas separation using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The purity and the thickness are detected to evaluate the membrane in order to optimize PEI membrane preparation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Energy%20Dispersive%20X-Ray%20Spectroscopy" title="Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy">Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EDS" title=" EDS"> EDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=membrane" title=" membrane"> membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Polyetherimide" title=" Polyetherimide"> Polyetherimide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PEI" title=" PEI"> PEI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Scanning%20electron%20microscope" title=" Scanning electron microscope"> Scanning electron microscope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solvent" title=" Solvent"> Solvent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-Ray%20Diffraction" title=" X-Ray Diffraction"> X-Ray Diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=XRD." title=" XRD."> XRD.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/basic-evaluation-for-polyetherimide-membrane-using-spectroscopy-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">899</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">293</span> Acid Fuchsin Dye Based PMMA Film for Holographic Investigations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Vinitha">G. Vinitha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Ramalingam"> A. Ramalingam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In view of a possible application in optical data storage devices, diffraction grating efficiency of an organic dye, Acid Fuchsin doped in PMMA matrix was studied under excitation with CW diode pumped Nd: YAG laser at 532 nm. The open aperture Zscan of dye doped polymer displayed saturable absorption and the closed aperture Z-scan of the samples exhibited negative nonlinearity. The diffraction efficiency of the grating is the ratio of the intensity of the first order diffracted power to the incident read beam power. The dye doped polymer films were found to be good media for recording. It is observed that the formation of gratings strongly depend on the concentration of dye in the polymer film, the intensity ratios of the writing beams and the angle between the writing beams. It has been found that efficient writing can be made at an angle of 20o and when the intensity ratio of the writing beams is unity.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffraction%20efficiency" title="Diffraction efficiency">Diffraction efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinear%20Optical%20material" title=" Nonlinear Optical material"> Nonlinear Optical material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=saturable%20absorption" title=" saturable absorption"> saturable absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surface-relief-gratings." title=" Surface-relief-gratings."> Surface-relief-gratings.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/acid-fuchsin-dye-based-pmma-film-for-holographic-investigations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">292</span> Inventive Synthesis and Characterization of a Cesium Molybdate Compound: CsBi(MoO4)2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Kurtulu%C5%9F">F. Kurtulu艧</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20%C3%87elik%20G%C3%BCl"> G. 脟elik G眉l</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cesium molybdates with general formula CsMIII(MoO4)2, where MIII = Bi, Dy, Pr, Er, exhibit rich polymorphism, and crystallize in a layered structure. These properties cause intensive studies on cesium molybdates. CsBi(MoO4)2 was synthesized by microwave method by using cerium sulphate, bismuth oxide and molybdenum (VI) oxide in an appropriate molar ratio. Characterizations were done by x-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive analyze (SEM/EDS), thermo gravimetric/differantial thermal analysis (TG/DTA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cesium%20bismuth%20dimolybdate" title="Cesium bismuth dimolybdate">Cesium bismuth dimolybdate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20synthesis" title=" microwave synthesis"> microwave synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=powder%20x-ray%20diffraction" title=" powder x-ray diffraction"> powder x-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rare%20earth%20dimolybdates." title=" rare earth dimolybdates."> rare earth dimolybdates.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/inventive-synthesis-and-characterization-of-a-cesium-molybdate-compound-csbimoo42" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002820.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2055</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">291</span> Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutant Reacting with Tungstates: Role of Microstructure and Size Effect on Oxidation Kinetics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Taoufyq">A. Taoufyq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Bakiz"> B. Bakiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Benlhachemi"> A. Benlhachemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Patout"> L. Patout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20V.%20Chokouadeua"> D. V. Chokouadeua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Guinneton"> F. Guinneton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Nolibe"> G. Nolibe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Lyoussi"> A. Lyoussi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J-R.%20Gavarri"> J-R. Gavarri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic activity of polycrystalline phases of bismuth tungstate of formula Bi2WO6. Polycrystalline samples were elaborated using a coprecipitation technique followed by a calcination process at different temperatures (300, 400, 600 and 900掳C). The obtained polycrystalline phases have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Crystal cell parameters and cell volume depend on elaboration temperature. High-resolution electron microscopy images and image simulations, associated with X-ray diffraction data, allowed confirming the lattices and space groups Pca21. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared samples was studied by irradiating aqueous solutions of Rhodamine B, associated with Bi2WO6 additives having variable crystallite sizes. The photocatalytic activity of such bismuth tungstates increased as the crystallite sizes decreased. The high specific area of the photocatalytic particles obtained at 300掳C seems to condition the degradation kinetics of RhB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bismuth%20tungstate" title="Bismuth tungstate">Bismuth tungstate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=crystallite%20sizes" title=" crystallite sizes"> crystallite sizes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electron%0D%0Amicroscopy" title=" electron microscopy"> electron microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=photocatalytic%20activity" title=" photocatalytic activity"> photocatalytic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction." title=" X-ray diffraction."> X-ray diffraction.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/photocatalytic-degradation-of-organic-pollutant-reacting-with-tungstates-role-of-microstructure-and-size-effect-on-oxidation-kinetics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2070</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">290</span> Structural and Electrochemical Characterization of Columnar-Structured Mn-Doped Bi26Mo10O69-d Electrolytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maria%20V.%20Morozova">Maria V. Morozova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zoya%20A.%20Mikhaylovskaya"> Zoya A. Mikhaylovskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elena%20S.%20Buyanova"> Elena S. Buyanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sofia%20A.%20Petrova"> Sofia A. Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ksenia%20V.%20Arishina"> Ksenia V. Arishina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Robert%20G.%20Zaharov"> Robert G. Zaharov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The present work is devoted to the investigation of two series of doped bismuth molybdates: Bi<sub>26-2x</sub>Mn<sub>2x</sub>Mo<sub>10</sub>O<sub>69-d </sub>and Bi<sub>26</sub>Mo<sub>10-2y</sub>Mn<sub>2y</sub>O<sub>69-d</sub>. Complex oxides were synthesized by conventional solid state technology and by co-precipitation method. The products were identified by powder diffraction. The powders and ceramic samples were examined by means of densitometry, laser diffraction, and electron microscopic methods. Porosity of the ceramic materials was estimated using the hydrostatic method. The electrical conductivity measurements were carried out using impedance spectroscopy method.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bismuth%20molybdate" title="Bismuth molybdate">Bismuth molybdate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=columnar%20structures" title=" columnar structures"> columnar structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=impedance%20spectroscopy" title=" impedance spectroscopy"> impedance spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oxygen%20ionic%20conductors." title=" oxygen ionic conductors. "> oxygen ionic conductors. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/structural-and-electrochemical-characterization-of-columnar-structured-mn-doped-bi26mo10o69-d-electrolytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1612</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">289</span> Pioneer Synthesis and Characterization of Boron Containing Hard Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20%C3%87elik%20G%C3%BCl">G. 脟elik G眉l</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Kurtulu%C5%9F"> F. Kurtulu艧</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The first laboratory synthesis of hard materials such as diamond proceeded to attack of developing materials with high hardness to compete diamond. Boron rich solids are good candidates owing to their short interatomic bond lengths and strong covalent character. Boron containing hard material was synthesized by modifiedmicrowave method under nitrogen atmosphere by using a fuel (glycine or urea), amorphous boron and/or boric acid in appropriate molar ratio. Characterizations were done by x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive analyze (SEM/EDS), thermo gravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Boron%20containing%20materials" title="Boron containing materials">Boron containing materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hard%20materials" title=" hard materials"> hard materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20synthesis" title=" microwave synthesis"> microwave synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=powder%20X-ray%20diffraction." title=" powder X-ray diffraction."> powder X-ray diffraction.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/pioneer-synthesis-and-characterization-of-boron-containing-hard-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">288</span> Computer Aided X-Ray Diffraction Intensity Analysis for Spinels: Hands-On Computing Experience</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ashish%20R.%20Tanna">Ashish R. Tanna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hiren%20H.%20Joshi"> Hiren H. Joshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The mineral having chemical compositional formula MgAl2O4 is called “spinel". The ferrites crystallize in spinel structure are known as spinel-ferrites or ferro-spinels. The spinel structure has a fcc cage of oxygen ions and the metallic cations are distributed among tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) interstitial voids (sites). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) intensity of each Bragg plane is sensitive to the distribution of cations in the interstitial voids of the spinel lattice. This leads to the method of determination of distribution of cations in the spinel oxides through XRD intensity analysis. The computer program for XRD intensity analysis has been developed in C language and also tested for the real experimental situation by synthesizing the spinel ferrite materials Mg0.6Zn0.4AlxFe2- xO4 and characterized them by X-ray diffractometry. The compositions of Mg0.6Zn0.4AlxFe2-xO4(x = 0.0 to 0.6) ferrites have been prepared by ceramic method and powder X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded. Thus, the authenticity of the program is checked by comparing the theoretically calculated data using computer simulation with the experimental ones. Further, the deduced cation distributions were used to fit the magnetization data using Localized canting of spins approach to explain the “recovery" of collinear spin structure due to Al3+ - substitution in Mg-Zn ferrites which is the case if A-site magnetic dilution and non-collinear spin structure. Since the distribution of cations in the spinel ferrites plays a very important role with regard to their electrical and magnetic properties, it is essential to determine the cation distribution in spinel lattice.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spinel%20ferrites" title="Spinel ferrites">Spinel ferrites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Localized%20canting%20of%20spins" title=" Localized canting of spins"> Localized canting of spins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray%0D%0Adiffraction" title=" X-ray diffraction"> X-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Programming%20in%20Borland%20C." title=" Programming in Borland C."> Programming in Borland C.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/computer-aided-x-ray-diffraction-intensity-analysis-for-spinels-hands-on-computing-experience" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7497.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3806</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">287</span> Behavior of Cu-WC-Ti Metal Composite Afterusing Planetary Ball Milling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.T.Z.%20Mahamat">A.T.Z. Mahamat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.M.%20A%20Rani"> A.M. A Rani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Patthi%20Husain"> Patthi Husain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Copper based composites reinforced with WC and Ti particles were prepared using planetary ball-mill. The experiment was designed by using Taguchi technique and milling was carried out in an air for several hours. The powder was characterized before and after milling using the SEM, TEM and X-ray for microstructure and for possible new phases. Microstructures show that milled particles size and reduction in particle size depend on many parameters. The distance d between planes of atoms estimated from X-ray powder diffraction data and TEM image. X-ray diffraction patterns of the milled powder did not show clearly any new peak or energy shift, but the TEM images show a significant change in crystalline structure of corporate on titanium in the composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ball%20milling" title="ball milling">ball milling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microstructures" title=" microstructures"> microstructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=titanium" title=" titanium"> titanium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tungstencarbides" title=" tungstencarbides"> tungstencarbides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-ray" title=" X-ray"> X-ray</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/behavior-of-cu-wc-ti-metal-composite-afterusing-planetary-ball-milling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1596</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">286</span> High-Temperature X-Ray Powder Diffraction of Secondary Gypsum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Gazdi%C4%8D">D. Gazdi膷</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20H%C3%A1jkov%C3%A1"> I. H谩jkov谩</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Fridrichov%C3%A1"> M. Fridrichov谩</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper involved the performance of a hightemperature X-Ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD) of a sample of chemical gypsum generated in the production of titanium white; this gypsum originates by neutralizing highly acidic water with limestone suspension. Specifically, it was gypsum formed in the first stage of neutralization when the resulting material contains, apart from gypsum, a number of waste products resulting from the decomposition of ilmenite by sulphuric acid. So it can be described as red titanogypsum. By conducting the experiment using XRD apparatus Bruker D8 Advance with a Cu anode (λkα=1.54184 Å) equipped with high-temperature chamber Anton Paar HTK 16, it was possible to identify clearly in the sample each phase transition in the system of CaSO4·xH2O.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anhydrite" title="Anhydrite">Anhydrite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gypsum" title=" Gypsum"> Gypsum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bassanite" title=" Bassanite"> Bassanite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hematite" title=" Hematite"> Hematite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=XRD" title=" XRD"> XRD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Powder" title=" Powder"> Powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=High-Temperature." title=" High-Temperature."> High-Temperature.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/high-temperature-x-ray-powder-diffraction-of-secondary-gypsum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2089</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">285</span> EBSD Investigation of Friction Stir Welded Duplex Stainless Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Saeid">T. Saeid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Abdollah-zadeh"> A. Abdollah-zadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Shibayanagi"> T. Shibayanagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Ikeuchi"> K. Ikeuchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Assadi"> H. Assadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Electron back-scattered diffraction was used to follow the evolution of microstructure from the base metal to the stir zone (SZ) in a duplex stainless steel subjected to friction stir welding. In the stir zone (SZ), a continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) was evidenced for ferrite, while it was suggested that a static recrystallization together with CDRX may occur for austenite. It was found that ferrite and austenite grains in the SZ take a typical shear texture of bcc and fcc materials respectively.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Friction%20stir%20welding" title="Friction stir welding">Friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dynamic%20recrystallization" title=" Dynamic recrystallization"> Dynamic recrystallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electron%20backscattering%20diffraction%20%28EBSD%29" title="Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD)">Electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Duplex%20stainless%20steel" title=" Duplex stainless steel"> Duplex stainless steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/ebsd-investigation-of-friction-stir-welded-duplex-stainless-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3014</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">284</span> Structural, Optical and Ferroelectric Properties of BaTiO3 Sintered at Different Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anurag%20Gaur">Anurag Gaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neha%20Sharma"> Neha Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this work, we have synthesized BaTiO<sub>3</sub> via sol gel method by sintering at different temperatures (600, 700, 800, 900, 1000<sup>0</sup>C) and studied their structural, optical and ferroelectric properties through X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and PE Loop Tracer. X-ray diffraction patterns of barium titanate samples show that the peaks of the diffractogram are successfully indexed with the tetragonal and cubic structure of BaTiO<sub>3</sub>. The Optical band gap calculated through UV Visible spectrophotometer varies from 4.37 to 3.80 eV for the samples sintered at 600 to 1000<sup>0</sup>C, respectively. The particle size calculated through transmission electron microscopy varies from 20 to 40 nm for the samples sintered at 600 to 1000<sup>0</sup>C, respectively. Moreover, it has been observed that the ferroelectricity increases as we increase the sintering temperature.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nanostructures" title="Nanostructures">Nanostructures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ferroelectricity" title=" Ferroelectricity"> Ferroelectricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sol-gel%20method." title=" Sol-gel method."> Sol-gel method.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/structural-optical-and-ferroelectric-properties-of-batio3-sintered-at-different-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996881.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3750</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">283</span> New Method for Determining the Distribution of Birefringence and Linear Dichroism in Polymer Materials Based On Polarization-Holographic Grating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Barbara%20Kilosanidze">Barbara Kilosanidze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=George%20Kakauridze"> George Kakauridze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Levan%20Nadareishvili"> Levan Nadareishvili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yuri%20Mshvenieradze"> Yuri Mshvenieradze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A new method for determining the distribution of birefringence and linear dichroism in optical polymer materials is presented. The method is based on the use of polarizationholographic diffraction grating that forms an orthogonal circular basis in the process of diffraction of probing laser beam on the grating. The intensities ratio of the orders of diffraction on this grating enables the value of birefringence and linear dichroism in the sample to be determined. The distribution of birefringence in the sample is determined by scanning with a circularly polarized beam with a wavelength far from the absorption band of the material. If the scanning is carried out by probing beam with the wavelength near to a maximum of the absorption band of the chromophore then the distribution of linear dichroism can be determined. An appropriate theoretical model of this method is presented. A laboratory setup was created for the proposed method. An optical scheme of the laboratory setup is presented. The results of measurement in polymer films with two-dimensional gradient distribution of birefringence and linear dichroism are discussed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Birefringence" title="Birefringence">Birefringence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=graded%20oriented%20polymers" title=" graded oriented polymers"> graded oriented polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=linear%0D%0Adichroism" title=" linear dichroism"> linear dichroism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20polymers" title=" optical polymers"> optical polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20anisotropy" title=" optical anisotropy"> optical anisotropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=polarization-holographic%0D%0Agrating" title=" polarization-holographic grating"> polarization-holographic grating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/new-method-for-determining-the-distribution-of-birefringence-and-linear-dichroism-in-polymer-materials-based-on-polarization-holographic-grating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">282</span> Growth and Characterization of L-Asparagine (LAS) Crystal Admixture of Paranitrophenol (PNP): A NLO Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Grace%20Sahaya%20Sheba">Grace Sahaya Sheba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Omegala%20Priyakumari"> P. Omegala Priyakumari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Gunasekaran"> M. Gunasekaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>L-asparagine admixture Paranitrophenol (LAPNP) single crystals were grown successfully by solution method with slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Crystals of size 12mm×5 mm×3mm have been obtained in 15 days. The grown crystals were Brown color and transparent. The solubility of the grown samples has been found out at various temperatures. The lattice parameters of the grown crystals were determined by X-ray diffraction technique. The reflection planes of the sample were confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction study and diffraction peaks were indexed. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies were used to confirm the presence of various functional groups in the crystals. UV–visible absorption spectrum was recorded to study the optical transparency of grown crystal. The nonlinear optical (NLO) property of the grown crystal was confirmed by Kurtz–Perry powder technique and a study of its second harmonic generation efficiency in comparison with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) has been made. The mechanical strength of the crystal was estimated by Vickers hardness test. The grown crystals were subjected to thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The dielectric behavior of the sample was also studied</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Characterization" title="Characterization">Characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microhardnes" title=" Microhardnes"> Microhardnes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Non-linear%20optical%20materials" title=" Non-linear optical materials"> Non-linear optical materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Solution%20growth" title=" Solution growth"> Solution growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spectroscopy" title=" Spectroscopy"> Spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=XRD." title=" XRD."> XRD.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/growth-and-characterization-of-l-asparagine-las-crystal-admixture-of-paranitrophenol-pnp-a-nlo-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2998</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">281</span> Surface Plasmon Polariton Excitation by a Phase Shift Grating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Nakada">T. Nakada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Nakagawa"> Y. Nakagawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Haraguchi"> M. Haraguchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Okamotoi"> T. Okamotoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Flockert"> M. Flockert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Isu"> T. Isu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Shinomiya"> G. Shinomiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We focus on the excitation and propagation properties of surface plasmon polariton (SPP). We have developed a SPP excitation device in combination with a grating structures fabricated by using the scanning probe lithography. Perturbation approach was used to investigate the coupling properties of SPP with a spatial harmonic wave supported by a metallic grating. A phase shift grating SPP coupler has been fabricated and the optical property was evaluated by the Fraunhofer diffraction formula. We have been experimentally confirmed the induced stop band by diffraction measurement. We have also observed the wavenumber shift of the resonance condition of SPP owing to effect of a phase shift. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surface%20Plasmon%20Polariton" title="Surface Plasmon Polariton">Surface Plasmon Polariton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phase%20shift%20grating" title=" phase shift grating"> phase shift grating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=scanning%20probe%20lithography" title="scanning probe lithography">scanning probe lithography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/surface-plasmon-polariton-excitation-by-a-phase-shift-grating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a 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