CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913540695c2dfe0b',cH: '1V0yl6KfgirlSabgJsEnK4a.fQ4YUay48BQOYFbvXP0-1739789794-1.2.1.1-RLu0RiHJzDOBT5LZdQ_1mgLL338cc8AYC6ecKDb7Hs_Jbw8b6NTaAUdn8CliPo3H',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=ethical%20leaders&__cf_chl_tk=.JupBxS6byqsPiLpEaXjnUgB1fISKV1SvHXj0K_IMJI-1739789794-1.0.1.1-CGZVEjQOlQgFSd0LjJiaXGYDGpydDomMXhNbngf7j58",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739789794',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=ethical%20leaders&__cf_chl_f_tk=.JupBxS6byqsPiLpEaXjnUgB1fISKV1SvHXj0K_IMJI-1739789794-1.0.1.1-CGZVEjQOlQgFSd0LjJiaXGYDGpydDomMXhNbngf7j58",md: "bnM94Zcijdre65NK.yY4bqomRkXOxMlf6IBUub1IHp4-1739789794-1.2.1.1-e2oKV6koVd9t4WK3G1y3zOGJiq..U5QdgFPZz.VtlvV5Vl8XJjswqoEC9ftvi9jWDu5A7l3BSCDg6EWsBw2ONxlCYE46ps2EhIjfHgNWgB1xYHjaTcZ9ar1hM3y2mpN40BeFK.HGLDzX4OuP8oabAyxgPY05tVPWQ5X.j5tN0Eu9vPvz317CYuUzmTjl.5y1F9Qia3RnwUlY9XuXHaQNfSAB2HJUgCvg7SYBMXirTmOdZ38MRI.doaHUIAgH7PVaxuaj2_Xb47LktUPEOF5ELP8p3l8dxC4avR9H63wEB0ZMB1ATYYx24YbzhuGCtU40KZX7nU7P6AVqEjTkA94b6yIYcb1bzhDuvhE_QIXYKScXPxbeb00f6P64JAGMOKJ3zOlB4eq.QDhpjil8BAjsQZZ7.7xrUqNlo9LkEuonGCbPuCA7ggF3uiEA5Hg2etGu__5tdNIFdH1AQ4VbOIvv9egsbcH5rxkaMGSp2nKOab7kS1YSlPwXSd5gU4xZ_mjpaOhQyG8wZpDuo6d41l1w7Yg5Bkk_3raM_5_5nalDj_oGTWNw3FVQDBVqMEIrvEnur_s3hKqR_du.fwG5aJBzkO44TsPqmAX_FawoaG2CDXaNklGVOt6E1XRFLIt.zpBfYMeWByg0hizj41WK7XhqGvyZchg_GaYecmQmxM8Oj6_6YRI99tW7RWLa2TQQ41dCK6k.YUF3n3wHCARwPUkqm1gTE18kF2CDwpIr5YzKx9cJgJzsPB_8gB7VbBYL8gxcq_1JyP.MnJWuLJ1XL0eQ5MmKsT75ZuLeFUJP9Ng5xNAuaKmYykSj2zaSF7JYkzNCwpkSKMs_WAA.wj2rdjZ3VoGK9QAIRv4czMFda7ibLKjI9wgdfKdM5mBtn23OdC8F4IZH9muytcIUwtAzEWxIYKfwSCqzTwctCMIvSb4eDWu4jUZp_q2Vzqjf5_uQNTaQX.Imds6TWARP0vSF_QIvFKyuSFRtwW_fNHLvUEpj.R2nryvd.Bvx4SWWSQmKEo1WleisIrP4ZmM8omZ.XF6fJ4Tg0a5FC1MYkqlvbORa8mPq1ZoRlckyhRY1SoXTvKkVt.A7mzgghIDASSDY_J.SxdKvvYmy6yt8aW6Ah0Zzi7rOpdt436rqkIJgmYUTtZ6P7m31LlgnMY95zGSNyc4UhVbB5RBV1GDC3X4CvDEQEI7Zd_d1bpV2c18ishWfqvNtPOnYPZcyoRcmAyjymZ.P7vYhzuRfa8zpZYYAF5oeNY8npqTxBOBlyREY8UGni4ePNl29qVsDiQoeYhlc2S3PM3jmpH0ooOlL7_0tdmez2n.FIbs48NgeLKS0b32EKpZ18JaELcWlms.3iDvgbHfktGz0JD6DkagKlGGkyHXAI8dnj2t2EpIqoozco0mL_hyazzhPd_rObvea0gBc7mvC7WpzLeaJI9.FisM6LuAMoEqyAGUfaAEt7_XZPbh2O.hNcQ2Q1sytbKcp1YLtRW0hNhMeVYSUU.QizzHtjOMOku.Lb.2Ooh1TNclAmhs94npws_pjubuF8v1gYuCuOq_85N7cEVjyl.spY9RwMRaFMUcBoX5tIx43mCE59zjE866Gwz6cq8dfDdxi8f9I4PLB1SHf5od7IkYFcMWRBu5veidd3uPutoorVwMALHyRMcz9DdpoY7dz6KOpbHI5tBB9o7LcX.mC8OTaZOE8LskWOR_4lXvy69K4W4CjH9kfQTaliOJcE5xttPyfDZCSZy9VAxpA1WmgMmnxGtfTteD2qglCrqcT82p0ZZEJyCVnskc71JNKKkV0dYd6.65UGKHMel0wc59sbwNtMiCrnQYD0zBA_3tEAzBdR6AKS3ktMSNlv_4HrEQ2NXkFuD3OaQoTl9WrB42PXvG7nIJdCIbib12pDZ3GbfXMnM9G5tKpVI7s50kcYydqcQPuvaMfqcTGr1nOW.sB4kFQRRhmd56b_BI",mdrd: "gOd.WjykVRkyzTdMjRGXCCDyJl5TUJfVwW9.aK18UvI-1739789794-1.2.1.1-7jKJVjot9N6oxDKqLtHuIibFH31_2f4e9sS4vi1oNaR0kmjg9ZL1nU3e3ZnBobpNt_0E7XSvYZh4pxXUQ2OBTqyu4Vo7RaXVKa.pDJyZXzygOTpPWVa4JHVdrzCVNRnXxGrNXuUHALNp_BTD4Yc4LpeJ9u7dzPz3c5owq243FHKt7xsnp132lng9DcQA9iqE90cdV0AkUt0oAdKiLTqvT19Ma9O._Wto.BnvSgwBFp9IJFryCBjdwMAoV.4ZKR2eaYZqbuFvPx6YcJj2g4taq_mlbeT6x1Zk25fm_4WN9GVVBqEKlMNnWekDwWKQ3GEBd78IYiPcOfw_7cJcb9M4c6f6qe59gM9OaZeZ41gAIyFTwv2PYaL.jTozm0cOET6TtTxeHLup0izxZ0BBe.oys3ImHRoHaN16dCUuno4PqEvvQF8JGP7ec95r0jjwq_wT4pvBX93Fl9BWbKO8J9Wc0L6.DYy_KJX3T0napJ1e8AwWY8eETpArujOKs7iOfTePFqpxTH_defMZYVnNOi00taqw2Gek0FCSCJ3VkBfLpZ4vPy0U3PImlqTc_Cp9cGfYShMf2Ic8y2fqFI.NGogoFP4aPBNRe7Sd0ncH2CK0TX9r6IGoDpfWdTmiyyVu0O492wiRX8VAG_kFuW0NvOxNtMgoTRAfFZ_wbTZX6Am1TcvOd4XYsG4pbtK7guXF_3DJig1B6svhbZSPvsUsTsKD.qOa2OwVtPkXe5vrJmomQ5qCMaFfRDXXCj8._60Pw2hnlQge34QKYtLnDSGp4z2H2rhp3aciJr1SoiV58iP83T0I_xZZlTWBooDYOH0vBxsS1v7OyYzb11r_MXZTN2kEZKx_ivfoYiBbgA2cyBnIU07AhrFVTB9vfKDAA.Vgb_9CxXIrFg2UsAIrVbs2osfaVYK202HeJW0kdZcmPXKf1ZTJF.3D8jVx0gkyxCkBQJSBYtHGzvI.eQgUbdFi.mToHGJzwzg38QuC.RkP4P9ojkrYRPR3tjnLmbvNhlmoRcy7rN8qtgphoe3wiKdpnyAXBta0iB3G8cutLMkDNoQAaz7mIAN0OOdPcq8QrsLWJ0GRuuW_lqsoii6RilWClgUakdrE6Z3_TlbgXjPEcaU9yr0zWMKapDZUQDWdedDePaU0VhT1DE3I.991RKQsxAwTXWZCQ_HcTC.UCGqllm97P4vGVh2Fv9XcwArgMe5JlbbwzalFdHO3fqVCWABD0Gxd0JIiR.syTqszh4BARseaNgVSwlww75Rr1vhRDKameRqoecZZCoTyIQQwuFeK6T4flZGzU9Qqkx.ig.3zu5H1.Jj1OCkg50MqCXN1DWYVDZBSAHRgih7sKjtN7MYk6gsOG3TSnK0p6X8uaUcN9WVVb8Rb1JPaVM7vtXvEZpY4zq3doR2hSNHQSBu4UFRDevb7yHXICtBs6mUEKO.hTqacNBZ6JKw4M7BtWRpn9t6My2gFolqQS.LmDGPvS_hPYhq3jiUVBnozN6OJQIYnx7FGJ4a.bQTrEsZKgPBmPBUh9A_u.JIMauVIB4B7FS3nkK9a1zggCiCFTg9GpNWrnGb0gMEIKVzouHM1hv3San0CyYH1PMxlDgyUYYGlG9J9R0OiHC3DiMGBZ9PlHiEeO.S9VL2.xMLfZZzmN4j0zhYJlMqqg.Y7wIqYT9yQg0kbb71koFtb0LTUhF5q7ulNDTH_vqYL9JdaWiEGEKM7CY7uhDrRWJ9lOdf_70oEUkNUWijHqXXor1_LmDwtP.02OQPBgy0cSmu4MpyYRjwofvfDHllpV9._la.ZgiyIhtpDhpQLqv6SdipsSB5VsARgyf.uHq.sURyJmU.kua4ysJTPPCG4_d9tBhDbapJIuy5EFCi3x70GJV4HNeljLa570rc5jEqFQmZ9EiF6Y_55NgNaR9eOdzuZ63wCeQfYqIpN.Yg0an0R5RQ7wu2N_b03huBV8b9CuZGASs8CmgZwwDktTtlZ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913540695c2dfe0b';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=ethical%20leaders&__cf_chl_rt_tk=.JupBxS6byqsPiLpEaXjnUgB1fISKV1SvHXj0K_IMJI-1739789794-1.0.1.1-CGZVEjQOlQgFSd0LjJiaXGYDGpydDomMXhNbngf7j58" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>