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<tbody><tr><th class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color: #B2DFB2; color: #000000; font-size:large;">Toshihide Maskawa</th> </tr><tr><th class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color: #B2DFB2; color: #000000;">益川敏英</th> </tr><tr><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height:1.4; border-top: 1px solid #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tiedosto:Toshihide_Masukawa-press_conference_Dec_07th,_2008-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Toshihide_Masukawa-press_conference_Dec_07th%2C_2008-2.jpg/250px-Toshihide_Masukawa-press_conference_Dec_07th%2C_2008-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="362" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Toshihide_Masukawa-press_conference_Dec_07th%2C_2008-2.jpg/375px-Toshihide_Masukawa-press_conference_Dec_07th%2C_2008-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Toshihide_Masukawa-press_conference_Dec_07th%2C_2008-2.jpg/500px-Toshihide_Masukawa-press_conference_Dec_07th%2C_2008-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1975" data-file-height="2859" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><th class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color: #B2DFB2; color: #000000; ;">Henkilötiedot</th> </tr><tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Koko nimi</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> 益川敏英</td> </tr><tr><td class="" style=""><b>Syntynyt</b></td><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/7._helmikuuta" title="7. helmikuuta">7. helmikuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Aichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aichi">Aichi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japani" title="Japani">Japani</a></td></tr><tr><td class="" style=""><b>Kuollut</b></td><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/23._hein%C3%A4kuuta" title="23. heinäkuuta">23. heinäkuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/2021" title="2021">2021</a> (81 vuotta)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kioto" title="Kioto">Kioto</a>, Japani</td></tr><tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Kansalaisuus</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <span class="lippukuva"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japani" title="Japani">Japani</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color: #B2DFB2; color: #000000; ;">Koulutus ja ura</th> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Tutkinnot</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagoyan_yliopisto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nagoyan yliopisto (sivua ei ole)">Nagoyan yliopisto</a></td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Väitöstyön ohjaaja</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;">Shoichi Sakata<small> (<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391854" class="extiw" title="d:Q1391854"><span class="indicateur-langue title =">käännä suomeksi</span></a>)</small></td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Instituutti</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagoyan_yliopisto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nagoyan yliopisto (sivua ei ole)">Nagoyan yliopisto</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tokion_yliopisto" title="Tokion yliopisto">Tokion yliopisto</a> (INS)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kioton_yliopisto" title="Kioton yliopisto">Kioton yliopisto</a> (YITP)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kioto_Sangyo_-yliopisto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kioto Sangyo -yliopisto (sivua ei ole)">Kioto Sangyo -yliopisto</a></td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Tutkimusalue</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <a href="/wiki/Hiukkasfysiikka" title="Hiukkasfysiikka">Hiukkasfysiikka</a> (teoria)</td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Tunnetut työt</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <a href="/wiki/CP-rikko" title="CP-rikko">CP-rikko</a></td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Palkinnot</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nobel-palkinto" title="Nobel-palkinto"><img alt="Nobel-palkinto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nobelin_fysiikanpalkinto" title="Nobelin fysiikanpalkinto">Nobelin fysiikanpalkinto</a> (2008)</td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="2" style=""> <div style="text-align:center"> <small>[ <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202168" class="extiw" title="d:Q202168">Muokkaa Wikidatassa</a> ] <span style="display:none" class="showlinkback"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/" title="Näytä Wikidatasta tulevat arvot"><img alt="Näytä Wikidatasta tulevat arvot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/25px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/38px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/50px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span></span></small></div> </td> </tr><tr class="infobox_tests" style="display:none"><td><span class="wd_tests"><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/fiwiki-tools/testit/INFOBOX/OK">Infobox OK</a></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Toshihide Maskawa</b> (tai <b>Masukawa</b>) (<a href="/wiki/Japanin_kieli" title="Japanin kieli">jap.</a> <span lang="ja">益川敏英</span>, <i>Masukawa Toshihide</i>, <a href="/wiki/7._helmikuuta" title="7. helmikuuta">7. helmikuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> <a href="/wiki/Aichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Aichi">Aichi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japani" title="Japani">Japani</a> – <a href="/wiki/23._hein%C3%A4kuuta" title="23. heinäkuuta">23. heinäkuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/2021" title="2021">2021</a> <a href="/wiki/Kioto" title="Kioto">Kioto</a>, Japani<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) oli japanilainen <a href="/wiki/Teoreettinen_fysiikka" title="Teoreettinen fysiikka">teoreettinen fyysikko</a>, joka on tunnettu <a href="/wiki/CP-rikko" title="CP-rikko">CP- eli symmetriarikkoa</a> käsittelevästä työstään. </p><p>Maskawa opiskeli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagoyan_yliopisto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nagoyan yliopisto (sivua ei ole)">Nagoyan yliopistossa</a> valmistuen <a href="/wiki/1967" title="1967">1967</a> filosofian tohtoriksi.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Valmistumisen jälkeen hän työskenteli Nagoyan yliopistossa tutkijana.<sup id="cite_ref-nagoya_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nagoya-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hän sai professorin viran <a href="/wiki/Tokion_yliopisto" title="Tokion yliopisto">Tokion yliopiston</a> ydintutkimuksen instituutista (INS),<sup id="cite_ref-nagoya_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nagoya-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ja vuodesta 1980 hän työskenteli <a href="/wiki/Kioton_yliopisto" title="Kioton yliopisto">Kioton yliopiston</a> teoreettisen fysiikan Yukawa-instituutin (YITP) professorina. Vuodesta 1997 alkaen hän oli myös Yukawa-instituutin johtaja, kunnes jäi eläkkeelle vuonna 2003. Sen jälkeen hän on työskennellyt <a href="/wiki/Professori" title="Professori">emeritusprofessorina</a> yksityisessä <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kioto_Sangyo_-yliopisto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kioto Sangyo -yliopisto (sivua ei ole)">Kioto Sangyo -yliopistossa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maskawan ja <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Makoto Kobayashin</a> vuonna <a href="/wiki/1973" title="1973">1973</a> julkaistu tutkimus ”CP violation in the renormalizable theory of weak interaction” eli ”CP-rikko <a href="/wiki/Heikko_vuorovaikutus" title="Heikko vuorovaikutus">heikon vuorovaikutuksen</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renormalisaatio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renormalisaatio (sivua ei ole)">renormalisoituvassa</a> teoriassa” oli vuonna 2007 kolmanneksi viitatuin <a href="/wiki/Hiukkasfysiikka" title="Hiukkasfysiikka">hiukkasfysiikan</a> alan julkaisu kaikkina aikoina.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maskawa palkittiin yhdessä Makoto Kobayashi kanssa <a href="/wiki/Nobelin_fysiikanpalkinto" title="Nobelin fysiikanpalkinto">Nobelin fysiikanpalkinnolla</a> vuonna <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>. He saivat palkinnon teoriastaan, joka selitti symmetriarikon alkuperän ja ennusti ainakin kolmen eri <a href="/wiki/Kvarkki" title="Kvarkki">kvarkkiperheen</a> olemassaolon luonnossa. Samana vuonna palkittiin myös <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Nambu" title="Yōichirō Nambu">Yōichirō Nambu</a>, joka oli löytänyt spontaanin symmetriarikon mekanismin.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lähteet"><span id="L.C3.A4hteet"></span>Lähteet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osiota Lähteet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muokkaa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&action=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osion lähdekoodia: Lähteet"><span>muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="verkkoviite" title="Verkkoviite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prolog.wissen.de/wde/generator/wissen/ressorts/natur/naturwissenschaften/indexoffline,page=3650258.html">Maskawa, Toshihide</a> <i>wissen.de</i>. Wissen Media Verlag. Viitattu 18.10.2008. <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(saksaksi)</span></span><sup class="plainlinks">[<a href="/wiki/Wikiprojekti:Linkit" title="Wikiprojekti:Linkit">vanhentunut linkki</a>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Viitteet">Viitteet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muokkaa osiota Viitteet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muokkaa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&action=edit&section=2" title="Muokkaa osion lähdekoodia: Viitteet"><span>muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="viitteet-malline" class="viitteet-malline" style="list-style-type:decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20210729/k10013168691000.html">ノーベル物理学賞受賞益川敏英さん死去 81歳</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(japaniksi)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="verkkoviite" title="Verkkoviite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/profile/intro/honor/nobel.htm/">Japanese Nobel Laureates</a> Kioton yliopisto. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100309181812/http://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/profile/intro/honor/nobel.htm/">Arkistoitu</a> 9.3.2010. Viitattu 18.10.2008. <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(englanniksi)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nagoya-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-nagoya_3-0"><sup><i>a</i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nagoya_3-1"><sup><i>b</i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="verkkoviite" title="Verkkoviite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nagoya-u.ac.jp/en/index1_081007nobel.html">Nagoya University Alumni, Toshihide Maskawa and Makoto Kobayashi Win 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics</a> Nagoya University. Viitattu 18.10.2008. <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(englanniksi)</span></span><sup class="plainlinks">[<a href="/wiki/Wikiprojekti:Linkit" title="Wikiprojekti:Linkit">vanhentunut linkki</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="verkkoviite" title="Verkkoviite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prolog.wissen.de/wde/generator/wissen/ressorts/natur/naturwissenschaften/indexoffline,page=3650258.html">Maskawa, Toshihide</a> <i>wissen.de</i>. Wissen Media Verlag. Viitattu 18.10.2008. <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(saksaksi)</span></span><sup class="plainlinks">[<a href="/wiki/Wikiprojekti:Linkit" title="Wikiprojekti:Linkit">vanhentunut linkki</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="verkkoviite" title="Verkkoviite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slac.stanford.edu/spires/topcites/2007/alltime.shtml">Top Cited Articles of All Time (2007 edition)</a> SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of Stanford. Viitattu 16.10.2008. <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(englanniksi)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="verkkoviite" title="Verkkoviite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/">The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008</a> Nobelprize.org. Viitattu 16.10.2008. <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(englanniksi)</span></span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22837949">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Malline:Nobelin_fysiikanpalkinto" title="Malline:Nobelin fysiikanpalkinto"><span title="Näytä malline">n</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keskustelu_mallineesta:Nobelin_fysiikanpalkinto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keskustelu mallineesta:Nobelin fysiikanpalkinto (sivua ei ole)"><span title="Keskustele mallineesta">k</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malline:Nobelin_fysiikanpalkinto&action=edit"><span title="Muokkaa mallinetta">m</span></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nobelin_fysiikanpalkinnon_saajat" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nobelin_fysiikanpalkinto" title="Nobelin fysiikanpalkinto">Nobelin fysiikanpalkinnon</a> saajat</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E6E6FA;width:1%;text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">1901–1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1901: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Wilhelm Röntgen">Röntgen</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1902: <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Lorentz" title="Hendrik Lorentz">Lorentz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pieter_Zeeman" title="Pieter Zeeman">Zeeman</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1903: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Becquerel" title="Henri Becquerel">Becquerel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">P. Curie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">M. Curie</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1904: <a href="/wiki/Lordi_Rayleigh" title="Lordi Rayleigh">Rayleigh</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1905: <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Lenard" title="Philipp Lenard">Lenard</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1906: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_John_Thomson" title="Joseph John Thomson">Thomson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1907: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Abraham_Michelson" title="Albert Abraham Michelson">Michelson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1908: <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Lippmann" title="Gabriel Lippmann">Lippmann</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1909: <a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Marconi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Ferdinand_Braun" title="Karl Ferdinand Braun">Braun</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1910: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals" title="Johannes Diderik van der Waals">van der Waals</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1911: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Wien" title="Wilhelm Wien">Wien</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1912: <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Dal%C3%A9n" title="Gustaf Dalén">Dalén</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1913: <a href="/wiki/Heike_Kamerlingh_Onnes" title="Heike Kamerlingh Onnes">Onnes</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1914: <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Laue" title="Max von Laue">von Laue</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1915: <a href="/wiki/William_Lawrence_Bragg" title="William Lawrence Bragg">W. L. Bragg</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Bragg" title="William Bragg">W. H. Bragg</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1917: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Glover_Barkla" title="Charles Glover Barkla">Barkla</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1918: <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Planck</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1919: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Stark" title="Johannes Stark">Stark</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1920: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edouard_Guillaume" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Edouard Guillaume">Guillaume</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1921: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Einstein</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1922: <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">N. Bohr</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1923: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Andrews_Millikan" title="Robert Andrews Millikan">Millikan</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1924: <a href="/wiki/Manne_Siegbahn" title="Manne Siegbahn">Siegbahn</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1925: <a href="/wiki/James_Franck" title="James Franck">Franck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Ludwig_Hertz" title="Gustav Ludwig Hertz">G. Hertz</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E6E6FA;width:1%;text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">1926–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1926: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Perrin" title="Jean Baptiste Perrin">Perrin</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1927: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_H._Compton" title="Arthur H. Compton">Compton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Thomson_Rees_Wilson" title="Charles Thomson Rees Wilson">Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1928: <a href="/wiki/Owen_Willans_Richardson" title="Owen Willans Richardson">Richardson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1929: <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">de Broglie</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1930: <a href="/wiki/Chandrasekhara_Raman" title="Chandrasekhara Raman">Raman</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1932: <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Heisenberg</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1933: <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schr%C3%B6dinger" title="Erwin Schrödinger">Schrödinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Dirac</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1935: <a href="/wiki/James_Chadwick" title="James Chadwick">Chadwick</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1936: <a href="/wiki/Victor_F._Hess" title="Victor F. Hess">V. Hess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_David_Anderson" title="Carl David Anderson">C. Anderson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1937: <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Davisson" title="Clinton Davisson">Davisson</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Paget_Thomson" title="George Paget Thomson">Thomson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1938: <a href="/wiki/Enrico_Fermi" title="Enrico Fermi">Fermi</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1939: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Orlando_Lawrence" title="Ernest Orlando Lawrence">Lawrence</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1943: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Stern" title="Otto Stern">Stern</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1944: <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Rabi</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1945: <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Pauli" title="Wolfgang Pauli">Pauli</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1946: <a href="/wiki/Percy_Williams_Bridgman" title="Percy Williams Bridgman">Bridgman</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1947: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Victor_Appleton" title="Edward Victor Appleton">Appleton</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1948: <a href="/wiki/Patrick_M._S._Blackett" title="Patrick M. S. Blackett"> Blackett</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1949: <a href="/wiki/Hideki_Yukawa" title="Hideki Yukawa">Yukawa</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1950: <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Powell" title="Cecil Powell">Powell</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E6E6FA;width:1%;text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1951: <a href="/wiki/John_Cockcroft" title="John Cockcroft">Cockcroft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Walton" title="Ernest Walton">Walton</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1952: <a href="/wiki/Felix_Bloch" title="Felix Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Purcell</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1953: <a href="/wiki/Frits_Zernike" title="Frits Zernike">Zernike</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1954: <a href="/wiki/Max_Born" title="Max Born">Born</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walther_Bothe" title="Walther Bothe">Bothe</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1955: <a href="/wiki/Willis_Lamb" title="Willis Lamb">Lamb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polykarp_Kusch" title="Polykarp Kusch">Kusch</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1956: <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">Shockley</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Brattain</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1957: <a href="/wiki/Chen_Ning_Yang" title="Chen Ning Yang">Yang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsung-Dao_Lee" title="Tsung-Dao Lee">Lee</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1958: <a href="/wiki/Pavel_T%C5%A1erenkov" title="Pavel Tšerenkov">Tšerenkov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilja_Frank" title="Ilja Frank">Frank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Tamm" title="Igor Tamm">Tamm</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1959: <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Gino_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Gino Segrè">Segrè</a>, <a href="/wiki/Owen_Chamberlain" title="Owen Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1960: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Arthur_Glaser" title="Donald Arthur Glaser">Glaser</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hofstadter" title="Robert Hofstadter">Hofstadter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_M%C3%B6ssbauer" title="Rudolf Mössbauer">Mößbauer</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Landau</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Wigner" title="Eugene Wigner">Wigner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Goeppert-Mayer" title="Maria Goeppert-Mayer">Goeppert-Mayer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hans_Daniel_Jensen" title="Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen">Jensen</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1964: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hard_Townes" title="Charles Hard Townes">Townes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Basov" title="Nikolai Basov">Basov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Prohorov" title="Aleksandr Prohorov">Prohorov</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Shin%E2%80%99ichir%C5%8D_Tomonaga" title="Shin’ichirō Tomonaga">Tomonaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schwinger" title="Julian Schwinger">Schwinger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Feynman" title="Richard Feynman">Feynman</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Kastler" title="Alfred Kastler">Kastler</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Bethe" title="Hans Bethe">Bethe</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1968: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Alvarez" title="Luis Alvarez">Alvarez</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Mann</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/Hannes_Alfv%C3%A9n" title="Hannes Alfvén">Alfvén</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Eug%C3%A8ne_F%C3%A9lix_N%C3%A9el" title="Louis Eugène Félix Néel">Néel</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1971: <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Gabor" title="Dennis Gabor">Gabor</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1972: <a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">Bardeen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leon_Neil_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Leon Neil Cooper">Cooper</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Schrieffer" class="mw-redirect" title="John Robert Schrieffer">Schrieffer</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1973: <a href="/wiki/Leo_Esaki" title="Leo Esaki">Esaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivar_Giaever" title="Ivar Giaever">Giaever</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_David_Josephson" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian David Josephson">Josephson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1974: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Ryle" title="Martin Ryle">Ryle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antony_Hewish" title="Antony Hewish">Hewish</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1975: <a href="/wiki/Aage_Niels_Bohr" title="Aage Niels Bohr">Bohr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Roy_Mottelson" title="Benjamin Roy Mottelson">Mottelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leo_James_Rainwater" title="Leo James Rainwater">Rainwater</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E6E6FA;width:1%;text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1976: <a href="/wiki/Burton_Richter" title="Burton Richter">Richter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Chao_Chung_Ting" title="Samuel Chao Chung Ting">Ting</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1977: <a href="/wiki/Philip_Anderson" title="Philip Anderson">P. Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevill_Francis_Mott" title="Nevill Francis Mott">Mott</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Hasbrouck_van_Vleck" class="mw-redirect" title="John Hasbrouck van Vleck">van Vleck</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1978: <a href="/wiki/Pjotr_Kapitsa" title="Pjotr Kapitsa">Kapitsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arno_Allan_Penzias" title="Arno Allan Penzias">Penzias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Robert Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1979: <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Lee_Glashow" title="Sheldon Lee Glashow">Glashow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abdus_Salam" title="Abdus Salam">Salam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Weinberg" title="Steven Weinberg">Weinberg</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/James_Watson_Cronin" title="James Watson Cronin">Cronin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Val_Logsdon_Fitch" title="Val Logsdon Fitch">Fitch</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Nicolaas_Bloembergen" title="Nicolaas Bloembergen">Bloembergen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Leonard_Schawlow" title="Arthur Leonard Schawlow">Schawlow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kai_Siegbahn" title="Kai Siegbahn">Siegbahn</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Geddes_Wilson" title="Kenneth Geddes Wilson">Wilson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Chandrasekhar</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Alfred_Fowler" title="William Alfred Fowler">Fowler</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1984: <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Rubbia" title="Carlo Rubbia">Rubbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_van_der_Meer" title="Simon van der Meer">van der Meer</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1985: <a href="/wiki/Klaus_von_Klitzing" title="Klaus von Klitzing">von Klitzing</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ruska" title="Ernst Ruska">Ruska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Binnig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rohrer" title="Heinrich Rohrer">Rohrer</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1987: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Georg_Bednorz" title="Johannes Georg Bednorz">Bednorz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Alexander_M%C3%BCller" title="Karl Alexander Müller">Müller</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1988: <a href="/wiki/Leon_Max_Lederman" title="Leon Max Lederman">Lederman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Schwartz" title="Melvin Schwartz">Schwartz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Steinberger" title="Jack Steinberger">Steinberger</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1989: <a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_Ramsey" title="Norman Foster Ramsey">Ramsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Georg_Dehmelt" title="Hans Georg Dehmelt">Dehmelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Paul" title="Wolfgang Paul">Paul</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1990: <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Isaac_Friedman" title="Jerome Isaac Friedman">Friedman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Way_Kendall" title="Henry Way Kendall">Kandall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Edward_Taylor" title="Richard Edward Taylor">Taylor</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1991: <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Gilles_de_Gennes" title="Pierre-Gilles de Gennes">de Gennes</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1992: <a href="/wiki/Georges_Charpak" title="Georges Charpak">Charpak</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Russell_Alan_Hulse" title="Russell Alan Hulse">Hulse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hooton_Taylor,_Jr." title="Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.">Taylor</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1994: <a href="/wiki/Bertram_Brockhouse" title="Bertram Brockhouse">Brockhouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Glenwood_Shull" title="Clifford Glenwood Shull">Shull</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Lewis_Perl" title="Martin Lewis Perl">Perl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Reines" title="Frederick Reines">Reines</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/David_Morris_Lee" title="David Morris Lee">Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Dean_Osheroff" title="Douglas Dean Osheroff">Osheroff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Coleman_Richardson" title="Robert Coleman Richardson">Richardson</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Steven_Chu" title="Steven Chu">Chu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Claude_Cohen-Tannoudji" title="Claude Cohen-Tannoudji">Cohen-Tannoudji</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Phillips" title="William Daniel Phillips">Phillips</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Betts_Laughlin" title="Robert Betts Laughlin">Laughlin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horst_Ludwig_St%C3%B6rmer" title="Horst Ludwig Störmer">Störmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Chee_Tsui" title="Daniel Chee Tsui">Tsui</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Gerardus_%E2%80%99t_Hooft" title="Gerardus ’t Hooft">’t Hooft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martinus_J._G._Veltman" title="Martinus J. G. Veltman">Veltman</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDores_Alfjorov" title="Žores Alfjorov">Alfjorov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kroemer" title="Herbert Kroemer">Kroemer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kilby" title="Jack Kilby">Kilby</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#E6E6FA;width:1%;text-align: right; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;">2001–</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Eric_Cornell" title="Eric Cornell">Cornell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Ketterle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wieman" title="Carl Wieman">Wieman</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Davis" title="Raymond Davis">Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_Koshiba" title="Masatoshi Koshiba">Koshiba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Giacconi</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Abrikosov" title="Aleksei Abrikosov">Abrikosov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitali_Ginzburg" title="Vitali Ginzburg">Ginzburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Leggett" title="Anthony Leggett">Leggett</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/David_Gross" title="David Gross">Gross</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Politzer" title="David Politzer">Politzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Wilczek" title="Frank Wilczek">Wilczek</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Roy_J._Glauber" title="Roy J. Glauber">Glauber</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_L._Hall" title="John L. Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodor_W._H%C3%A4nsch" title="Theodor W. Hänsch">Hänsch</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Mather" title="John C. Mather">Mather</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Smoot" title="George Smoot">Smoot</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Fert" title="Albert Fert">Fert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Gr%C3%BCnberg" title="Peter Grünberg">Grünberg</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Nambu" title="Yōichirō Nambu">Nambu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi">Kobayashi</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maskawa</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Kao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willard_S._Boyle" title="Willard S. Boyle">Boyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_E._Smith" title="George E. Smith">Smith</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Geim" title="Andre Geim">Geim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Novoselov" title="Konstantin Novoselov">Novoselov</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/Saul_Perlmutter" title="Saul Perlmutter">Perlmutter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schmidt" title="Brian Schmidt">Schmidt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Riess" title="Adam Riess">Riess</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/David_Wineland" title="David Wineland">Wineland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serge_Haroche" title="Serge Haroche">Haroche</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Englert" title="François Englert">Englert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Higgs" title="Peter Higgs">Higgs</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Isamu_Akasaki" title="Isamu Akasaki">Akasaki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Amano" title="Hiroshi Amano">Amano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%ABji_Nakamura" title="Shūji Nakamura">Nakamura</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Takaaki_Kajita" title="Takaaki Kajita">Kajita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._McDonald" title="Arthur B. McDonald">McDonald</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/David_J._Thouless" title="David J. Thouless">Thouless</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Haldane" title="Duncan Haldane">Haldane</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Kosterlitz" title="J. Michael Kosterlitz">Kosterlitz</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Weiss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barry_Barish" title="Barry Barish">Barish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Thorne</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ashkin" title="Arthur Ashkin">Ashkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Mourou" title="Gérard Mourou">Mourou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donna_Strickland" title="Donna Strickland">Strickland</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Peebles" title="Jim Peebles">Peebles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michel_Mayor" title="Michel Mayor">Mayor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Didier_Queloz" title="Didier Queloz">Queloz</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Penrose" title="Roger Penrose">Penrose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Genzel" title="Reinhard Genzel">Genzel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Ghez" title="Andrea Ghez">Ghez</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Hasselmann" title="Klaus Hasselmann">Hasselmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syukuro_Manabe" title="Syukuro Manabe">Manabe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Parisi" title="Giorgio Parisi">Parisi</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Alain_Aspect" title="Alain Aspect">Aspect</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Clauser" title="John Clauser">Clauser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anton_Zeilinger" title="Anton Zeilinger">Zeilinger</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Agostini" title="Pierre Agostini">Agostini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Krausz" title="Ferenc Krausz">Krausz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anne_L%E2%80%99Huillier" title="Anne L’Huillier">L’Huillier</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap">2024: <a href="/wiki/John_Hopfield" title="John Hopfield">Hopfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Hinton" title="Geoffrey Hinton">Hinton</a></span></li></ul> 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Trove-tunnisteilla">Wikipedia-artikkelit Trove-tunnisteilla</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Luokka:Wikipedia-artikkelit_SUDOC-tunnisteilla" title="Luokka:Wikipedia-artikkelit SUDOC-tunnisteilla">Wikipedia-artikkelit SUDOC-tunnisteilla</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigointivalikko</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Henkilökohtaiset työkalut</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="IP-osoitteesi käyttäjäsivu">Et ole kirjautunut</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Oma_keskustelu" title="Keskustelu tämän IP-osoitteen muokkauksista [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Keskustelu</span></a></li><li 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&oldid=20960176" title="Ikilinkki tämän sivun tähän versioon"><span>Ikilinkki</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&action=info" title="Enemmän tietoa tästä sivusta"><span>Sivun tiedot</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:Viittaus&page=Toshihide_Maskawa&id=20960176&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Tietoa tämän sivun lainaamisesta"><span>Viitetiedot</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FToshihide_Maskawa"><span>Lyhennä URL-osoite</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FToshihide_Maskawa"><span>Lataa QR-koodi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-coll-print_export" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label" > <h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tulosta/vie</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:DownloadAsPdf&page=Toshihide_Maskawa&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lataa PDF-tiedostona</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toshihide_Maskawa&printable=yes" title="Tulostettava versio [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Tulostettava versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Muissa hankkeissa</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Toshihide_Masukawa" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q202168" title="Linkki yhdistettyyn keskustietovaraston kohteeseen [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-kohde</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Muilla kielillä</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="توشيهيده ماساكاوا — arabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="توشيهيده ماساكاوا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شیهید ماسکاوا — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیهید ماسکاوا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — malaiji" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="তোশিহিদে মাসকাওয়া — bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তোশিহিদে মাসকাওয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masukawa_Tosihide" title="Masukawa Tosihide — min nan -kiina" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Masukawa Tosihide" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan -kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Тосіхідэ Масукава — valkovenäjä" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тосіхідэ Масукава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valkovenäjä" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Тошихиде Маскава — bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тошихиде Маскава" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%C5%A1ihide_Masukawa" title="Tošihide Masukawa — tšekki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tošihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšekki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — tanska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="tanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa — saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Toshihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — viro" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="viro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1" title="Τοσιχίντε Μασκάουα — kreikka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τοσιχίντε Μασκάουα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreikka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — englanti" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="englanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — espanja" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شیهید ماسکاوا — persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیهید ماسکاوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — ranska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ranska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masukawa_Toshihide" title="Masukawa Toshihide — hakka-kiina" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Masukawa Toshihide" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka-kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4%EC%99%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%8B%9C%ED%9E%88%EB%8D%B0" title="마스카와 도시히데 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마스카와 도시히데" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%B7%D5%AB%D5%B0%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A5_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1" title="Տոշիհիդե Մասկավա — armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոշիհիդե Մասկավա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — kroatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%94%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%94" title="טושיהידה מסקאווה — heprea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טושיהידה מסקאווה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heprea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa — luxemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Toshihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa — liettua" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Toshihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="liettua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Тошихиде Маскава — makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тошихиде Маскава" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE" title="तोशिहिदे मस्कावा — marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तोशिहिदे मस्कावा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="توشيهيده ماساكاوا — egyptinarabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توشيهيده ماساكاوا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptinarabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شیهید ماسکاوا — mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شیهید ماسکاوا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — hollanti" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E5%B7%9D%E6%95%8F%E8%8B%B1" title="益川敏英 — japani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="益川敏英" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — norjan bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norjan bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — norjan nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norjan nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%DA%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ٹوشائڈ ماسکاوا — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹوشائڈ ماسکاوا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa — alasaksa" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Toshihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="alasaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa — puola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Toshihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="puola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa — portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Toshihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0,_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%8D" title="Маскава, Тосихидэ — venäjä" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Маскава, Тосихидэ" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="venäjä" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%C5%A1ihide_Masukawa" title="Tošihide Masukawa — slovakki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tošihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/To%C5%A1ihide_Maskava" title="Tošihide Maskava — sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tošihide Maskava" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Тошихиде Масукава — serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тошихиде Масукава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Masukawa" title="Toshihide Masukawa — ruotsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Toshihide Masukawa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ruotsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE" title="தோசிஹைட் மசகாவா — tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தோசிஹைட் மசகாவா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Тошихиде Маскава — tataari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тошихиде Маскава" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masukawa_Toshihide" title="Masukawa Toshihide — vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Masukawa Toshihide" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — turkki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Масукава Тосіхіде — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Масукава Тосіхіде" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DA%88_%D9%85%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7" title="توشی ہائڈ مسکوا — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="توشی ہائڈ مسکوا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E5%B7%9D%E6%95%8F%E8%8B%B1" title="益川敏英 — wu-kiina" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="益川敏英" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toshihide_Maskawa" title="Toshihide Maskawa — joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Toshihide Maskawa" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E5%B7%9D%E6%95%8F%E8%8B%B1" title="益川敏英 — kantoninkiina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="益川敏英" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoninkiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E5%B7%9D%E6%95%8F%E8%8B%B1" title="益川敏英 — kiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="益川敏英" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q202168#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muokkaa 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