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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Reaktivita" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reaktivita"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Reaktivita</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reaktivita-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keto-enol_tautomerie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keto-enol_tautomerie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Keto-enol tautomerie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keto-enol_tautomerie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Obsah" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Enol</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 38 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84" title="إينول – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إينول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enollar" title="Enollar – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Enollar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Енол – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Енол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enole" title="Enole – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Enole" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Ενόλες – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ενόλες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enoolid" title="Enoolid – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Enoolid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84" title="انول – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enolit" title="Enolit – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Enolit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89nol" title="Énol – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Énol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9C" title="אנול – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enolok" title="Enolok – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Enolok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ենոլներ – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ենոլներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enoli" title="Enoli – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Enoli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="エノール – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エノール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%94%EC%98%AC" title="엔올 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="엔올" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Енол – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Енол" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enole" title="Enole – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Enole" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Енолы – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Енолы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Еноли – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Еноли" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol" title="Enol – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Enol" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E9%86%87" title="烯醇 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="烯醇" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q408053#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Enol" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Enol" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Enol"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Enol"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Enol" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Enol" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&oldid=24013264" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a 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id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Enol&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Enols" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q408053" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><p><b>Enoly</b> (též známé jako <b>alkenoly</b>) jsou <a href="/wiki/Alkeny" title="Alkeny">alkeny</a> s <a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">hydroxylovou</a> skupinou navázanou na jeden z <a href="/wiki/Uhl%C3%ADk" title="Uhlík">uhlíkových</a> <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atomů</a> tvořících <a href="/wiki/Dvojn%C3%A1_vazba_(chemie)" title="Dvojná vazba (chemie)">dvojnou vazbu</a>. Slova enol a alkenol jsou jazykovou <a href="/wiki/Kontaminace_(lingvistika)" title="Kontaminace (lingvistika)">kontaminací</a> slov alken (nebo jen "-en", přípony používané u alkenů) a <a href="/wiki/Alkoholy" title="Alkoholy">alkohol</a> (který reprezentuje hydroxylovou skupinu u enolů). <a href="/wiki/Soli" title="Soli">Soli</a> enolů se nazývají <a href="/wiki/Enol%C3%A1ty" title="Enoláty">enoláty</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reaktivita">Reaktivita</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Reaktivita" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reaktivita"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enoly (a enoláty) jsou důležité meziprodukty v mnoha organických reakcích. </p><p>Dvojná vazba enolů je elektronově bohatá, takže se chovají <a href="/wiki/Nukleofil" title="Nukleofil">nukleofilně</a> a jsou náchylné na reakce s <a href="/wiki/Elektrofil" title="Elektrofil">elektrofilními</a> činidly. Díky <a href="/wiki/Konjugovan%C3%BD_syst%C3%A9m" title="Konjugovaný systém">konjugaci</a> elektronového páru kyslíku s dvojnou vazbou jsou dokonce reaktivnější než alkeny. Pokud bude elektrofilem například molekula <a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom">bromu</a>, nejprve se na dvojnou vazbu naváže Br<sup>+</sup><sub>,</sub> následně dojde k odštěpení protonu z kyslíku a vznikne substituovaná karbonylová sloučenina. Pokud jsme pak vytvořili enol <a href="/wiki/Molekulov%C3%BD_p%C5%99esmyk" title="Molekulový přesmyk">přesmykem</a> z původní karbonylové sloučeniny, je tato reakce prakticky mezikrokem při vysoce selektivní <a href="/wiki/Substitu%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_reakce" title="Substituční reakce">substituci</a> v <i>α</i> poloze.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keto-enol_tautomerie">Keto-enol tautomerie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Keto-enol tautomerie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Keto-enol tautomerie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote"> Podrobnější informace naleznete v článku <a href="/wiki/Keto-enol_tautomerie" title="Keto-enol tautomerie">Keto-enol tautomerie</a>.</div> <p>Enoly a <a href="/wiki/Karbonylov%C3%A9_slou%C4%8Deniny" title="Karbonylové sloučeniny">karbonylové sloučeniny</a> (například <a href="/wiki/Ketony" title="Ketony">ketony</a> a <a href="/wiki/Aldehydy" title="Aldehydy">aldehydy</a>) jsou ve skutečnosti <a href="/wiki/Izomerie" title="Izomerie">izomery</a>; tento jev se označuje jako keto-enol tautomerie: </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Enol.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Enol.png/300px-Enol.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Enol.png/450px-Enol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Enol.png/600px-Enol.png 2x" data-file-width="1478" data-file-height="294" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Enolová forma je na pravé straně. Je obvykle nestabilní, nevydrží dlouho a přechází na keto formu (keton) zobrazenou na levé straně. To proto, že <a href="/wiki/Kysl%C3%ADk" title="Kyslík">kyslík</a> má větší <a href="/wiki/Elektronegativita" title="Elektronegativita">elektronegativitu</a> než <a href="/wiki/Uhl%C3%ADk" title="Uhlík">uhlík</a> a tvoří tedy <a href="/wiki/Vazebn%C3%A1_energie" title="Vazebná energie">silnější</a> vícenásobné <a href="/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_vazba" title="Chemická vazba">vazby</a>. Proto je dvojná vazba uhlík–kyslík (<a href="/wiki/Karbonylov%C3%A9_slou%C4%8Deniny" title="Karbonylové sloučeniny">karbonyl</a>) více než dvakrát silnější než jednoduchá vazba stejných prvků, kdežto dvojná vazba uhlík–uhlík je slabší než dvě jednoduché vazby uhlíkových atomů. </p><p>(Mono)enolová forma převládá pouze u 1,3-dikarbonylových a 1,3,5-trikarbonylových sloučenin. Důvodem je, že <a href="/wiki/Rezonan%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_struktura" title="Rezonanční struktura">rezonance</a> a mezimolekulární <a href="/wiki/Vod%C3%ADkov%C3%A1_vazba" title="Vodíková vazba">vodíkové vazby</a>, které se vyskytují u enolů, nejsou u keto formy možné. Proto je v <a href="/wiki/Chemick%C3%A1_rovnov%C3%A1ha" title="Chemická rovnováha">ekvilibriu</a> (rovnovážném stavu) více než 99 % molekul <a href="/wiki/Malondialdehyd" title="Malondialdehyd">propandialu</a> (OHCCH<sub>2</sub>CHO) ve formě monoenolu. U 1,3-aldehydketonů a diketonů je podíl menší. </p><p>Obě formy ovšem obsahují různé <a href="/wiki/Funk%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_skupina" title="Funkční skupina">funkční skupiny</a>, a přestože to jsou izomery, jde tedy o samostatné sloučeniny. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><i>V tomto článku byl použit <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:WikiProjekt_P%C5%99eklad/Rady" title="Wikipedie:WikiProjekt Překlad/Rady">překlad</a> textu z článku <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enol?oldid=255294750"><span class="cizojazycne" lang="en" title="angličtina">Enol</span></a> na anglické Wikipedii.</i></span> </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:02-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">MCMURRY, John. <i>Organická chemie</i>. 6. vyd. [s.l.]: VŠCHT v Praze / VUT v Brně, 2007. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/978-80-7080-637-1" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/978-80-7080-637-1"><span class="ISBN">978-80-7080-637-1</span></a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/978-80-214-3291-8" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/978-80-214-3291-8"><span class="ISBN">978-80-214-3291-8</span></a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=Organick%C3%A1+chemie&rft.isbn=978-80-7080-637-1&rft.aulast=McMurry&rft.aufirst=John&rft.pub=V%C5%A0CHT+v+Praze+%2F+VUT+v+Brn%C4%9B&rft.date=2007&rft.edition=6"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enol&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Enols" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Enols">Enol</a></span> na Wikimedia Commons</span></span></span><i> </i></li></ul> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Alkenoly"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a href="/wiki/Alkoholy" title="Alkoholy">Alkoholy</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alkenoly (enoly)</a> (alkoholy odvozené od <a href="/wiki/Alkeny" title="Alkeny">alkenů</a>)</span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">jednosytné alkenoly</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <p><a href="/wiki/Vinylalkohol" title="Vinylalkohol">ethenol (vinylalkohol)</a> C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>3</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propenol (stránka neexistuje)">propenol</a> C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> (<a href="/wiki/Allylalkohol" title="Allylalkohol">allylalkohol</a> CH<sub>2</sub>OHCH=CH<sub>2</sub>) • <a href="/wiki/Krotonylalkohol" title="Krotonylalkohol">butenol</a> C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>7</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pentenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pentenol (stránka neexistuje)">pentenol</a> C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>9</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hexenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hexenol (stránka neexistuje)">hexenol</a> C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>11</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heptenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heptenol (stránka neexistuje)">heptenol</a> C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>13</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oktenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oktenol (stránka neexistuje)">oktenol</a> C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>15</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nonenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nonenol (stránka neexistuje)">nonenol</a> C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>17</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Decenol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decenol (stránka neexistuje)">decenol</a> C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>19</sub><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a> </p> </div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">alkedioly (dvojsytné alkenoly)</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethendiol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethendiol (stránka neexistuje)">ethendiol</a> C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>(<a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a>)<sub>2</sub> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propendiol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propendiol (stránka neexistuje)">propendiol</a> C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(<a href="/wiki/Hydroxyl" title="Hydroxyl">OH</a>)<sub>2</sub> </p> </div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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