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margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #76923C; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:White; background-color:#76923C"><b>A buncha tree-huggers</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism"><font size="4" color="White"><b>Environmentalism</b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:Environmentalism" title="Category:Environmentalism"><img alt="Wigoworld.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/b/b0/Wigoworld.svg/100px-Wigoworld.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/b/b0/Wigoworld.svg/150px-Wigoworld.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/b/b0/Wigoworld.svg/200px-Wigoworld.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="195" data-file-height="195" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#76923C; text-align:center;"><b>Save the rainforests!</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pollution" title="Pollution">Pollution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Abbey" title="Edward Abbey">Edward Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Seagal" title="Steven Seagal">Steven Seagal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degrowth" title="Degrowth">Degrowth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extinction_Rebellion" title="Extinction Rebellion">Extinction Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#76923C; text-align:center;"><b>Watch that carbon footprint!</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-normal_science" title="Post-normal science">Post-normal science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Adaptation" title="Deep Adaptation">Deep Adaptation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree" title="Tree">Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-fungible_tokens" title="Non-fungible tokens">Non-fungible tokens</a></li></ul> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Enviro" title="Template:Enviro">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Enviro" title="Template talk:Enviro">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Enviro&action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span>Oh, so Mother Nature needs a <i>favor!?</i> Well, maybe she should have thought about that when she was besetting us with droughts and floods and poison monkeys! Nature <i>started</i> the fight for survival, and now she wants to quit because she is <i>losing?</i> Well, I say, hard cheese!</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px 10px 8px;font-size:smaller;line-height:1.6em;text-align:right;"><cite style="font-style:normal;position:relative;z-index:2">—Mr. Burns, <i>The Simpsons</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:239</sup></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Anti-environmentalism</b> is a term referring to the <a href="/wiki/Political" class="mw-redirect" title="Political">political</a> reaction and industry backlash against the burgeoning <a href="/wiki/Environmentalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmentalist">environmentalist</a> movement of the mid-20<sup>th</sup> century. The <a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">rhetorical</a> tactics used by anti-environmentalist groups are sometimes referred to as "<b>green-baiting</b>" in reference to the tactic of <a href="/wiki/Red-baiting" title="Red-baiting">red-baiting</a> and the style of argumentation is often referred to as "<b>tobacco science</b>" in reference to the <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> industry's <a href="/wiki/A_comparative_guide_to_science_denial" title="A comparative guide to science denial">notorious</a> <a href="/wiki/Denialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Denialist">denialist</a> campaigns. The trend is also sometimes referred to as "brownlash", a play on "<a href="/wiki/Blowback" title="Blowback">backlash</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> </p><p>Anti-environmentalist figures and organizations rarely, if ever, use this term. They prefer to either present themselves as "<a href="/wiki/Pseudoskepticism" title="Pseudoskepticism">skeptics</a>" or as "<a href="/wiki/Bullshit" title="Bullshit">concerned environmentalists</a>" trying to refute "<a href="/wiki/Whistleblower" title="Whistleblower">alarmist</a>" elements within their ranks, more or less <a href="/wiki/Concern_troll" title="Concern troll">concern trolling</a> actual environmental groups. Anti-environmentalism is, essentially, <b>environmental denialism</b>. </p><p>In France, some have referred to <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Larouchyism</a> as being a virulent anti-environmentalist political ideology.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Notable_campaigns"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Notable campaigns</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Denialist"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Denialist</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Anti-wilderness"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Anti-wilderness</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#2013_Greenpeace_Arctic_arrests"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">2013 Greenpeace Arctic arrests</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Moral_ideas"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Moral ideas</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Techniques_and_rhetoric"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Techniques and rhetoric</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Astroturfing"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Astroturfing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Stereotyping"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Stereotyping</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Frame-flipping"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Frame-flipping</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Conspiracy_theories"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Conspiracy theories</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notable_campaigns">Notable campaigns</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notable campaigns">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and the rest of the world, there were (and still are) a number of notable anti-environmental campaigns: </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Denialist">Denialist</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Denialist">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote">See the main article on this topic: <a href="/wiki/Denialism" title="Denialism">Denialism</a></div> <ul><li>Denial of <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a>.</li> <li>Denial of risks related to <a href="/wiki/DDT" title="DDT">DDT</a>.</li> <li>Denial of <a href="/wiki/Acid_rain" title="Acid rain">acid rain</a>.</li> <li>Denial of the role of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in creating a gigantic hole in the <a href="/wiki/Ozone_layer" title="Ozone layer">ozone layer</a>.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Anti-wilderness">Anti-wilderness</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Anti-wilderness">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span>"Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness; let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over the cattle, over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth." … Then <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> blessed them, and God said to them, "Be fruitful and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it; have dominion over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over every living thing that moves on the earth."</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px 10px 8px;font-size:smaller;line-height:1.6em;text-align:right;"><cite style="font-style:normal;position:relative;z-index:2">—<i>Genesis 1:26</i></cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Sagebrush Rebellion (1970s-1980s) and Wise Use (1990s-present) movements were not denialist <i>per se</i>. The movements opposed federal wilderness designation and National Park expansion, and called for existing public lands to be opened up to logging, mining, ranching, off-road vehicles, and <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oil</a> drilling. They were especially popular in western <a href="/wiki/U.S." class="mw-redirect" title="U.S.">U.S.</a> states, like <a href="/wiki/Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> during the height of local opposition to the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act; <a href="/wiki/Utah" class="mw-redirect" title="Utah">Utah</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arizona" class="mw-redirect" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>; and more recently the Pacific Northwest during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/northern_spotted_owl" class="extiw" title="wp:northern spotted owl" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: northern spotted owl">northern spotted owl</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> controversy. The Wise Use name came into usage and replaced the Sagebrush Rebellion name after the 1988 Multiple Use Strategy Conference organized by Ron Arnold, but was essentially a continuation of the same movement.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> These groups remain active and popular in parts of the west, and it could be argued that something similar is happening in the east as well with such groups as <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>'s hilariously-named "Friends of <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">Coal</a>". </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2013_Greenpeace_Arctic_arrests">2013 Greenpeace Arctic arrests</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2013 Greenpeace Arctic arrests">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>In September 2013, Greenpeace activists occupied Gazprom's Prirazlomnaya drilling platform in an attempt to stop Arctic drilling. One day later, the Russian authorities forcibly took control of the Arctic Sunrise, the ship that the Greenpeace activists have been using, by boarding it from a helicopter with a party of fifteen Federal Security Service officers in balaclavas, armed with guns and knives. At the time of the boarding, the Arctic Sunrise was in Russia's Exclusive Economic Zone but not within the safety zone around the oil rig, and permission was not sought to board it from the Arctic Sunrise's flag state, the Netherlands. The captain was separated from the crew, while other crew members and activists were held in the mess room. It is alleged that <a href="/wiki/Torture" title="Torture">crew members and activists were punched and kicked</a> during the forced boarding. These arrests provide cover for the Russian denial of anti-environmentalism. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Moral_ideas">Moral ideas</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Moral ideas">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>A few anti-environmentalists are more concerned about the suffering of animals in the wild<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> and less about ecological services, biodiversity, scientific and cultural value, and the romanticized idea of "freedom". This, and the presence of predators in the wild, is often used as an argument for "humanely raised meat" and against <a href="/wiki/Veganism" title="Veganism">veganism</a>. Whether it is an <a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_nature" title="Appeal to nature">appeal to nature</a>, or the idea that mass-domestication as a means for profit/food that destroys forests at an unsustainable rate is actually good for sentient life, is often vague. </p><p>Meanwhile, some optimistic <a href="/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">transhumanists</a> think animals in the future can be made happy.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> This value system is sometimes more consistent with environmentalism (and veganism<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup>) because long-term technological progress is the main goal, and the wise use of natural resources is necessary for human society to do that. Acknowledging the importance of <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">biodiversity</a> as a resource in a utopia, and a patience based on the (kinda depressing) idea that we've only caused a tiny fraction of the world's total suffering through inaction/conservation, is one way to combine environmentalism and <a href="/wiki/Utilitarianism" title="Utilitarianism">utilitarianism</a>. </p><p>If someone discovers the technological equivalent of <a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a> that could preserve all memetic, genetic, and scientific information about the biosphere, however, we'd be obliged to make a flood of mass-euthanasia to stop ecological competition. </p><p>Many anti-environmentalists are simply anthropocentric thinkers who <a href="/wiki/Willful_ignorance" title="Willful ignorance">willfully ignore</a> the many lessons of the environmental sciences. Typical of anti-enviromentalists is to compound the ideas that "<i>short-term</i> environmental destruction doesn't matter in the <i>long</i> run" with conjectures like "exploitation or not, we're <i>already</i> doomed in the long run". </p><p>Revealingly — in the sense that a presumed environmental collapse is invoked to justify any and all extreme actions one may please — anti-evironmentalism <a href="/wiki/Horseshoe_theory" title="Horseshoe theory">isn't even all that different</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Fringe" title="Fringe">fringe</a> <a href="/wiki/Hard_green" title="Hard green">Hard green</a> mindset. </p><p>Then there are also a small demographic of Christian fundies that consider it an insult to God not to use the fossil fuels given to them and that climate change means that the <a href="/wiki/Second_coming" class="mw-redirect" title="Second coming">Second coming</a> is going to appear at an earlier moment. That, despite Jesus having explicitly told that he doesn't perform miracles just because people want it. </p><p>Finally, there's actually one sub-group which at least is morally coherent in their anti-enviromental staces: Efilism (life spelled backwards). They tend to have an extreme interpretation of that negative utilitarianism brought by Arthur Schöpenhauer (birth as a grave misfortune), but applied to every form of life on this planet. As a binary opposite of environmentalism, they seek to wipe out every form of life (humans included) on Earth to avoid the existential suffering they carry intrinsecally, taking our cursed world to a peaceful Venusian/Martian sterilized state. Unlike VHMENT, they claim not to be anthropocentric, although they don't believe in a "voluntary" extinction (at least beyond humans). </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Techniques_and_rhetoric">Techniques and rhetoric</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Techniques and rhetoric">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Astroturfing">Astroturfing</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Astroturfing">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote">See the main article on this topic: <a href="/wiki/Astroturf" title="Astroturf">Astroturf</a></div> <ul><li><i>Heavy</i> use of astroturf: When a <a href="/wiki/Scientific_consensus" title="Scientific consensus">scientific consensus</a> becomes apparent, <a href="/wiki/Corporation" title="Corporation">corporations</a> bankroll <a href="/wiki/Experts_for_hire" class="mw-redirect" title="Experts for hire">experts for hire</a> to spread <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a> through <a href="/wiki/Front_group" title="Front group">front groups</a>. These are often established <a href="/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank">think tanks</a> or ones set up for the express purpose of denialism, often having <a href="/wiki/Orwellian" class="mw-redirect" title="Orwellian">Orwellian</a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Misnomers" title="Category:Misnomers">names</a> like "<a href="/wiki/S._Fred_Singer" title="S. Fred Singer">Science and Environmental Policy Project</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/Tim_Ball" title="Tim Ball">Friends of Science</a>". These projects tend to fund "research" by the few remaining <a href="/wiki/Contrarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Contrarian">contrarians</a> who stand against the consensus along with "policy experts", sometimes employing generous amounts of <a href="/wiki/Credential" class="mw-redirect" title="Credential">credential</a>-fudging.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[note 1]</a></sup> This is sometimes <a href="/wiki/MIC" class="mw-redirect" title="MIC">mockingly</a> referred to as the "denier-industrial complex".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a></sup> One study found that over 90% of books published in the past two decades espousing "environmental skepticism" were published by <a href="/wiki/Conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative">conservative</a> think tanks.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a></sup> ExxonMobil has played a large role in funding denialist think tanks and political initiatives.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a></sup></li> <li>Use of said front groups to publish their "research" rather than going through the <a href="/wiki/Academic" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic">academic</a> <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer review</a> process and heavy use of <a href="/wiki/Public_relations" title="Public relations">PR</a> tactics and <a href="/wiki/Fear,_uncertainty,_and_doubt" title="Fear, uncertainty, and doubt">FUD</a> campaigns. (See also <a href="/wiki/Uncertainty_tactic" title="Uncertainty tactic">uncertainty tactic</a>.)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobbyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobbyist">Lobbyist</a> groups such as the US Chamber of Commerce (the biggest) buying politicians to vote against environmental regulations and hype their <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a></sup> This can also involve regulatory capture and the use of "<a href="/wiki/Citizens_United" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizens United">soft money</a>" to help stack <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">governmental</a> regulatory and <a href="/wiki/Scientific" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific">scientific</a> organizations with industry-friendly "experts" (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Dubya" class="mw-redirect" title="Dubya">Dubya</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Release_the_data#Getting_it_right" title="Release the data">suppression of climate science</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwashing" title="Greenwashing">Greenwashing</a> and promotion of dubious "solutions" like "<a href="/wiki/Clean_coal" title="Clean coal">clean coal</a>". Some of the really <a href="/wiki/Crank" title="Crank">cranky</a> types will hype <a href="/wiki/Abiotic_oil" title="Abiotic oil">abiotic oil</a>.</li> <li>Use of <a href="/wiki/SLAPP_suit" title="SLAPP suit">SLAPP suits</a> against environmental groups and <a href="/wiki/Scientist" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientist">scientists</a>.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Stereotyping">Stereotyping</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Stereotyping">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div role="note" class="hatnote">See the main article on this topic: <a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">Stereotype</a></div> <ul><li>Conflating actual environmental problems with the <a href="/wiki/Nature_woo" title="Nature woo">nature woo</a> peddled by some environmental groups (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Aspartame" title="Aspartame">aspartame</a> scares, <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">rejection</a> of <a href="/wiki/GM_crops" class="mw-redirect" title="GM crops">GM crops</a> as "Frankenfoods").</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">Conflating all environmentalists</a> with dirty effin' <a href="/wiki/Hippie" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippie">hippies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luddite" title="Luddite">Luddites</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Hard_green" title="Hard green">hard greens</a> like <a href="/wiki/Pentti_Linkola" title="Pentti Linkola">Pentti Linkola</a>. This generally involves representing them as a "<a href="/wiki/Gaia_hypothesis" title="Gaia hypothesis">Gaia worshiping cult</a>" or representing environmentalism as a "<a href="/wiki/Secular_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Secular religion">secular religion</a>". This tactic works especially well for propagandizing to the <a href="/wiki/Religious_Right" title="Religious Right">Religious Right</a> and social conservatives, as environmental concerns can be portrayed as a bogeyman that threatens to supplant <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>. This can also play on the belief that <a href="/wiki/John_Shimkus" title="John Shimkus">gawd will save us from environmental disaster</a> or that the <a href="/wiki/Rapture" title="Rapture">end is nigh</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Creationist" class="mw-redirect" title="Creationist">Creationist</a> propaganda organs like the <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Institute" title="Discovery Institute">Discovery Institute</a> have also hopped on board the climate denial bandwagon, which should tell you something.)</li> <li>Dismissing environmentalism as a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> or <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a> movement in disguise — "red greens" or "watermelons" (a watermelon is green on the outside but red on the inside), who supposedly use environmentalism as to render anti-<a href="/wiki/Capitalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitalist">capitalist</a> sentiments more palatable.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a></sup> (The film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Global_Warming_Swindle" title="The Great Global Warming Swindle">The Great Global Warming Swindle</a></i> leans heavily on this stereotype.) (Note also that "watermelon" is also used as a <a href="/wiki/Snarl_word" class="mw-redirect" title="Snarl word">snarl word</a> by environmentalists, including members of actual Green Parties, who use it to accuse leftist members of the movement of being more concerned with traditional socialist economic goals than with environmental protection, and many actual socialists, calling people they see as attempting to use green politics to "hide" their true socialist colors "watermelons" to imply that they are cowards.)</li> <li>Representing conservation as merely <a href="/wiki/Leftist" class="mw-redirect" title="Leftist">leftist</a> ideology (breaking <a href="/wiki/Irony_meter" class="mw-redirect" title="Irony meter">irony meters</a> for those who remember <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon"><i>who</i></a> instituted the <a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a>). This involves conflating ideologies like eco-socialism with environmentalism as a whole — environmentalism equals socialism, <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marx" class="mw-redirect" title="Marx">Marxism</a>, etc. This also helps to appeal to conservatives who enjoy <a href="/wiki/Hippie" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippie">hippie</a>-punching and old farts <a href="/wiki/Red-baiting" title="Red-baiting">who forgot</a> that the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> ended 30 years ago.</li> <li>Attempting to tie environmental advocates to some <a href="/wiki/Evil" class="mw-redirect" title="Evil">evil</a> plot by <a href="/wiki/Ecoterrorism" title="Ecoterrorism">ecoterrorist</a> outfits. Yes, <a href="/wiki/Terrorism-baiting" title="Terrorism-baiting">terrorism-baiting</a> even has a play here.</li> <li>Any environmental regulations will most assuredly destroy the economy forever. Wonder what a significant amount of <a href="/wiki/Economist" class="mw-redirect" title="Economist">economists</a> think about a carbon <a href="/wiki/Tax" title="Tax">tax</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a></sup></li> <li>Painting environmentalists as <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_Human_Extinction_Movement" title="Voluntary Human Extinction Movement">evil misanthropes</a> and "<a href="/wiki/Environmental_classism" title="Environmental classism">environmental classists</a>". Apparently, they are also all busy-bodies who just want to micromanage your life.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a></sup></li> <li>Common <a href="/wiki/Snarl_word" class="mw-redirect" title="Snarl word">snarl words</a>: Alarmist, <a href="/wiki/Godwin%27s_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Godwin's Law">eco-fascism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lulz" class="mw-redirect" title="Lulz">eco-imperialism</a>, eco-Marxism, <a href="/wiki/Godwin%27s_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Godwin's Law">enviro-Nazi</a>, enviro-weenie (not even <i>trying</i> with this one), <a href="/wiki/Warmist" class="mw-redirect" title="Warmist">warmist</a>, etc.</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Frame-flipping">Frame-flipping</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Frame-flipping">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li>Pure <i><a href="/wiki/Ad_hominem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad hominem">ad hominem</a></i> attacks on scientists, e.g. "<a href="/wiki/Michael_Mann" title="Michael Mann">Michael Mann</a> and the CRU <a href="/wiki/Climategate" title="Climategate">used 'tricks' to 'hide the decline'</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/Rachel_Carson" title="Rachel Carson">Rachel Carson</a> killed more people than <a href="/wiki/Hitler" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler">Hitler</a>!"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framing" title="Framing">Framing</a> deniers as <a href="/wiki/Anti-intellectualism" title="Anti-intellectualism">objective whistle-blowers</a> working against the "<a href="/wiki/Evil_Liberal_Science_Conspiracy" title="Evil Liberal Science Conspiracy">corrupt</a>" peer-review process and scientific institutions. This often involves a heaping helping of <a href="/wiki/Persecution_complex" title="Persecution complex">persecution complex</a> and creationist-style platitudes like "<a href="/wiki/Fun:Irony_meter" title="Fun:Irony meter">politicization of science</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Manufactroversy" title="Manufactroversy">the science isn't settled</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Academic_freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic freedom">academic freedom</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Release_the_data" title="Release the data">release the data</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Teach_the_controversy" title="Teach the controversy">teach the controversy</a>".</li> <li>The above tactic also has the advantage of making deniers seem like level-headed skeptics. Who could object to "more research" or "considering uncertainties", ya?</li> <li>Representing environmental advocates as always wrong, always. Expect to see <a href="/wiki/Cornucopian#Reference_points" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornucopian">Paul Ehrlich</a>'s failed <a href="/wiki/Prediction" title="Prediction">predictions</a> cited repeatedly. This often also involves recycling earlier works of denialism, e.g. "The enviro-Nazis were <a href="/wiki/Bullshit" title="Bullshit">wrong about DDT</a>, now they're wrong about global warming!"</li> <li>Toxic sludge is good for you! <a href="/wiki/CO2_is_Green" title="CO2 is Green">CO<sub>2</sub> is plant food</a>! DDT will eradicate <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> forever! The really cranky <a href="/wiki/Radiation_hormesis" title="Radiation hormesis">radiation hormesis</a> types like <a href="/wiki/Art_Robinson" title="Art Robinson">Art Robinson</a> take this to ridiculous extremes: <i><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_waste" title="Nuclear waste">Nuclear waste</a></i> is good for you!</li> <li>Use of the terms "junk science" for real science that will inconvenience industry and "<a href="/wiki/Sound_science" title="Sound science">sound science</a>" for bullshit. <a href="/wiki/Steve_Milloy" title="Steve Milloy">Steve Milloy</a>'s "Junk Science" site has helped to promote this usage.</li> <li>Use of the "<a href="/wiki/Science_was_wrong_before" title="Science was wrong before">science was wrong before</a>" gambit, especially if said gambit draws on previous denialist tracts to claim that science was "wrong" about something it actually wasn't.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a></sup></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Conspiracy_theories">Conspiracy theories</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Conspiracy theories">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div role="note" class="hatnote">See the main article on this topic: <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">Conspiracy theory</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Wingnut" title="Wingnut">Hard-right</a> conspiracy theorists also view environmentalism as a front for any number of the following:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a></sup> </p> <ul><li>A communist takeover</li> <li>Creation of a <a href="/wiki/Police_state" title="Police state">police state</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/New_World_Order" title="New World Order">New World Order</a>/the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>/the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Union" title="North American Union">North American Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagan">Pagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Satanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Satanic">Satanic</a> cults</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">Population control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genocide_conspiracy" title="Genocide conspiracy">Genocide</a> against <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africans</a> due to a ban on DDT, even though the supposed "ban" left exceptions for fighting malaria.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_on_Science" title="War on Science">War on Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornucopian_vs._Malthusian_debate" title="Cornucopian vs. Malthusian debate">Cornucopian vs. Malthusian debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_warming_conspiracy_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming conspiracy theory">Global warming conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_Quality_Act" title="Data Quality Act">Data Quality Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctors_for_Disaster_Preparedness" title="Doctors for Disaster Preparedness">Doctors for Disaster Preparedness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Calvin_Beisner" title="E. Calvin Beisner">E. Calvin Beisner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Seitz" title="Frederick Seitz">Frederick Seitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Fumento" title="Michael Fumento">Michael Fumento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore%27s_Law" title="Gore's Law">Gore's Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shill_gambit" title="Shill gambit">Shill gambit</a>, basically the flip-side of this tactic whereby woo-meisters claim actual science to be corporate astroturf.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Useless_eaters" class="mw-redirect" title="Useless eaters">Useless eaters</a>, related population control conspiracy theories</li> <li>Various (un)think tanks such as the <a href="/wiki/Cato_Institute" title="Cato Institute">Cato Institute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage Foundation">Heritage Foundation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">Competitive Enterprise Institute</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Heartland_Institute" title="Heartland Institute">Heartland Institute</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fringe" title="Fringe">Fringe</a> groups such as <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Lyndon LaRouche</a>'s organization and the <a href="/wiki/Unification_Church" title="Unification Church">Unification Church</a>.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20090512202053/http://info-pollution.com/myths.htm">Info Pollution - Debunking anti-environmental myths</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.library.ucsf.edu/">Legacy Tobacco Documents Library</a>, UC San Francisco</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://defendingscience.org/">Project on Scientific Knowledge and Public Policy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uow.edu.au/~sharonb/antienvironmentalism.html">Anti-environmentalism/Green backlash</a>, University of Wollongong</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lightbucket.wordpress.com/2008/04/07/doubt-is-our-product-pr-versus-science/">Doubt is our product: PR versus science</a>, Lightbucket</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2006/sep/19/ethicalliving.g2">The Denial Industry</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Monbiot" title="George Monbiot">George Monbiot</a>, <i>The Guardian</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://therevealer.org/archives/5986">Enter the Dragon: How Al Gore, the U.N., Earth First!, and an Episcopalian Bishop are All in Cahoots… with Satan</a>, <i>The Revealer</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,721846,00.html">Science as the Enemy: The Traveling Salesmen of Climate Skepticism</a>, <i>Der Spiegel</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=1389">The Manufactured Doubt Industry and the hacked e-mail controversy</a>, Weather Underground</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asa3.org/ASA/PSCF/1995/PSCF6-95Wright.html">Tearing Down the Green: Environmental Backlash in the Evangelical Subculture</a>, American Scientific Affiliation</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/01/tobacco-industry-e-cigarettes_n_3453821.html">"12 Things The Tobacco Industry Doesn't Want You To Know"</a>, from <i><a href="/wiki/Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Huffington Post">Huffington Post</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reason.com/archives/2006/09/22/confessions-of-an-alleged-exxo">Confessions of an Alleged ExxonMobil Whore</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Reason_(magazine)" title="Reason (magazine)">Reason</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skepdic.com/contrarian.html">Contrarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Skeptic%27s_Dictionary" title="The Skeptic's Dictionary">The Skeptic's Dictionary</a></li> <li>Timothy Boston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://escholarship.org/uc/item/89w9r90m;jsessionid=646BEA11EEDFBFE999E1590ADF7DF187#page-1">Exploring Anti-Environmentalism in the Context of Sustainability.</a> <i>Electronic Green Journal</i>, 1(11), 1999.</li> <li>Peter J. Jacques, Riley E. Dunlap and Christaofer Richarde. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/envs501/downloads/Jacques%20et%20al.%202008.pdf">The organisation of denial: Conservative think tanks and environmental scepticism.</a> <i>Environmental Politics</i>, vol. 17, no. 3, June 2008, 349–385.</li> <li>Paul Maltby. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paep.ca/doc/Ethics%20&%20The%20Environment">Fundamentalist Dominion, Postmodern Ecology</a>. <i>Ethics and the Environment</i>, 13(2), 2008.</li> <li>Aaron M. McCright and Riley E. Dunlap. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tcs.sagepub.com/content/27/2-3/100">Anti-reflexivity: The American Conservative Movement's Success in Undermining Climate Science and Policy.</a> <i>Theory Culture Society</i>, 2010. 27: 100.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li>Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.acs.org/cen/books/89/8903books.html"><i>Merchants of Doubt</i>.</a> Bloomsbury Press, 2011. ISBN 1-608-19394-2</li> <li>Chris Mooney. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.waronscience.com/home.php"><i>The Republican War on Science</i>.</a> Basic Books, 2006. ISBN 0-465-04676-2</li> <li>David Michaels. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defendingscience.org/doubt_is_their_product.cfm"><i>Doubt is Their Product</i>.</a> Oxford University Press, 2008. ISBN 0-195-30067-X</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:90%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">This can be compared and contrasted with <a href="/wiki/Politicization_of_science" title="Politicization of science">politicization of science</a> and <a href="/wiki/Policy-based_evidence_making" title="Policy-based evidence making">policy-based evidence making</a> in that a powerful organization is <a href="/wiki/War_on_Science" title="War on Science">attempting to interfere with the scientific process</a> (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">the methodical collection of</a> <a href="/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism">accurate information about reality</a> and its dissemination to the public and/or utilization in <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> and policy) in order to advance its own agenda. However, since the parties with the biggest stake in <a href="/wiki/Deceit" title="Deceit">the (public) acceptance of misinformation</a> in this case tend to be corporations rather than nations, <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">the <i>government</i> per se</a> is not necessarily going to be involved (though corporations <a href="/wiki/Lobbying" title="Lobbying">do like to drag the government in</a> in order to claim extra force and clout).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tim Delaney, <i>Simpsonology: There's a Little Bit of Springfield in All of Us</i>. Prometheus Books, 2008. ISBN <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781591025597" title="Special:BookSources/9781591025597">9781591025597</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uow.edu.au/~sharonb/metascience.html">Manipulating Public Knowledge</a>, University of Wollongong</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://lesdonquichottes.skynetblogs.be/archive/2012/11/30/cheminade-s-p-solidarite-et-progres-ou-science-et-politique.html">http://lesdonquichottes.skynetblogs.be/archive/2012/11/30/cheminade-s-p-solidarite-et-progres-ou-science-et-politique.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brooklynrail.org/2006/05/books/the-perversion-of-wise-use">The Perversion of 'Wise Use'</a>, <i>The Brooklyn Rail</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://foundational-research.org/the-importance-of-wild-animal-suffering/#Humans_Already_Impact_Nature">https://foundational-research.org/the-importance-of-wild-animal-suffering/#Humans_Already_Impact_Nature</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://reducing-suffering.org/habitat-destruction-not-preservation-generally-reduces-wild-animal-suffering/">http://reducing-suffering.org/habitat-destruction-not-preservation-generally-reduces-wild-animal-suffering/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.abolitionist.com/">https://www.abolitionist.com/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.abolitionist.com/humanityplus/MeatWorld.pdf">https://www.abolitionist.com/humanityplus/MeatWorld.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thinkprogress.org/romm/2011/10/03/335022/organized-climate-change-denial/">Organized Climate Change Denial "Played a Crucial Role in Blocking Domestic Legislation," Top Scholars Conclude</a>, Think Progress</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.case.edu/singham/2008/07/18/the_propaganda_machine_and_climate_change">The Propaganda Machine and Climate Change</a>, Case Western Reserve University</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/global_warming/exxon_report.pdf">Smoke, Mirrors, and Hot Air</a>, Union of Concerned Scientists</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.latimes.com/2009/aug/25/nation/na-climate-trial25">US Chamber seeks trial on global warming</a>, LA Times</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanthinker.com/2009/12/watermelon_marxists.html">"Watermelon Marxists"</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Thinker" title="American Thinker">American Stinker</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/James_Delingpole" title="James Delingpole">James Delingpole</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/jamesdelingpole/100064423/on-the-anniversary-of-climategate-the-watermelons-show-their-true-colours/">"On the anniversary of Climategate the Watermelons show their true colours"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="The Telegraph">The Telegraph</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2013/03/12-taxing-carbon-gale">Oh noes!</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Perhaps nothing exemplifies this as well as the recent <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/article/2011/may/24/government-banning-incandescent-light-bulbs/">"war on light bulbs".</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Watch Rush Limbaugh <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rushlimbaugh.com/home/daily/site_041811/content/01125112.guest.html">deny most of the major environmental problems of the last few decades in one fell swoop.</a> (If you're a glutton for punishment.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-report/browse-all-issues/2008/winter/earth-worship">Earth Worship: Environmentalism seen as police state precursor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div></div><div class="printfooter">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&oldid=2644383">https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Anti-environmentalism&oldid=2644383</a>"</div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Environmentalism" title="Category:Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Denialism" title="Category:Denialism">Denialism</a></li><li><a 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