CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>WAV - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"5ac00c03-850f-4385-bbc4-915976663c84","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"WAV","wgTitle":"WAV","wgCurRevisionId":1282680529,"wgRevisionId":1282680529,"wgArticleId":34062,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","All articles with failed verification","Articles with failed verification from January 2025","Articles needing additional references from April 2024","All articles needing additional references","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Webarchive template wayback links","Audio file formats","Digital container formats","Computer-related introductions in 1991","Microsoft Windows multimedia technology"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"WAV","wgRelevantArticleId":34062,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q217570","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.23"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="WAV - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-WAV rootpage-WAV skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=WAV" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=WAV" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=WAV" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=WAV" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-File_specifications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#File_specifications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>File specifications</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-File_specifications-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle File specifications subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-File_specifications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-RIFF" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#RIFF"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>RIFF</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-RIFF-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-RIFF_WAVE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#RIFF_WAVE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>RIFF WAVE</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-RIFF_WAVE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WAV_file_header" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WAV_file_header"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>WAV file header</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WAV_file_header-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metadata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metadata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Metadata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metadata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popularity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popularity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Popularity</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Popularity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Popularity subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Popularity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Use_by_broadcasters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_by_broadcasters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Use by broadcasters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_by_broadcasters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Limitations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limitations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Limitations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limitations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-audio_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-audio_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Non-audio data</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-audio_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Audio_compact_discs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audio_compact_discs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Audio compact discs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio_compact_discs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_of_coding_schemes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_of_coding_schemes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Comparison of coding schemes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_of_coding_schemes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">WAV</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%81" title="واف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="واف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wav" title="Wav – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wav" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIFF_WAVE" title="RIFF WAVE – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="RIFF WAVE" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveform_Audio_Format" title="Waveform Audio Format – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Waveform Audio Format" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveform_Audio_File_Format" title="Waveform Audio File Format – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Waveform Audio File Format" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveform_Audio_Format" title="Waveform Audio Format – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Waveform Audio Format" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveform_Audio_File_Format" title="Waveform Audio File Format – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Waveform Audio File Format" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave" title="Wave – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wave" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveform_Audio_File_Format" title="Waveform Audio File Format – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Waveform Audio File Format" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAVE" title="WAVE – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="WAVE" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAV" title="WAV – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="WAV" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q217570#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/WAV" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:WAV" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/WAV"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/WAV"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/WAV" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/WAV" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&oldid=1282680529" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=WAV&id=1282680529&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWAV"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWAV"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=WAV&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Waveform_audio_format" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q217570" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">File format standard for storing audio on PCs</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/WavPack" title="WavPack">WavPack</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Wav" redirects here. For the scientific wave, see <a href="/wiki/Wave" title="Wave">Wave</a>. For the waves of water, see <a href="/wiki/Wind_wave" title="Wind wave">Wind wave</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wav_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Wav (disambiguation)">Wav (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Wave Sound" redirects here. For the festival, see <a href="/wiki/Wave_Sound_(festival)" title="Wave Sound (festival)">Wave Sound (festival)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom: 0.15em;">Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE/WAV)</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AudacityWAV.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/AudacityWAV.png/64px-AudacityWAV.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/AudacityWAV.png/96px-AudacityWAV.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/AudacityWAV.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extension</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><div class="monospaced"> .wav .wave</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><div class="monospaced"> audio/vnd.wave,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> audio/wav, audio/wave, audio/x-wav<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Resource_fork#Types" title="Resource fork">Type code</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">WAVE</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Type_Identifier" title="Uniform Type Identifier">Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">com.microsoft.waveform-audio</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;">August 1991<span class="noprint">; 33 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1991-08</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-MPI1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPI1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Multiple Channel Audio Data and WAVE Files<br />7 March 2007<span class="noprint">; 18 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2007-03-07</span>)</span> (update)<sup id="cite_ref-wav-specifications_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wav-specifications-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-multichaud_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multichaud-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (January 2025)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Audio_file_format" title="Audio file format">Audio file format</a>, <a href="/wiki/Container_format" title="Container format">container format</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Resource_Interchange_File_Format" title="Resource Interchange File Format">RIFF</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Extended to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_Wave_Format" title="Broadcast Wave Format">BWF</a>, <a href="/wiki/RF64" title="RF64">RF64</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Waveform Audio File Format</b> (<b>WAVE</b>, or <b>WAV</b> due to its <a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">filename extension</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-MPI1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPI1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> pronounced <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span></span>/</a></span></span> or <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span></span>/</a></span></span> <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is an <a href="/wiki/Audio_file_format" title="Audio file format">audio file format</a> standard for storing an audio <a href="/wiki/Bitstream" title="Bitstream">bitstream</a> on <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a>. The format was developed and published for the first time in 1991 by <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. It is the main format used on <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> systems for <a href="/wiki/Uncompressed_audio" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncompressed audio">uncompressed audio</a>. The usual bitstream encoding is the <a href="/wiki/Linear_pulse-code_modulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Linear pulse-code modulation">linear pulse-code modulation</a> (LPCM) format. </p><p>WAV is an application of the <a href="/wiki/Resource_Interchange_File_Format" title="Resource Interchange File Format">Resource Interchange File Format</a> (RIFF) <a href="/wiki/Bitstream_format" title="Bitstream format">bitstream format</a> method for storing data in <i>chunks</i>, and thus is similar to the <a href="/wiki/8SVX" title="8SVX">8SVX</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format" title="Audio Interchange File Format">Audio Interchange File Format</a> (AIFF) format used on <a href="/wiki/Amiga" title="Amiga">Amiga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a> computers, respectively. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The WAV file is an instance of a <a href="/wiki/Resource_Interchange_File_Format" title="Resource Interchange File Format">Resource Interchange File Format</a> (RIFF) defined by <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MPI1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPI1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The RIFF format acts as a <i>wrapper</i> for various <a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">audio coding formats</a>. </p><p>Though a WAV file can contain <a href="/wiki/Audio_data_compression" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio data compression">compressed</a> audio, the most common WAV audio format is uncompressed audio in the <a href="/wiki/Linear_pulse-code_modulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Linear pulse-code modulation">linear pulse-code modulation</a> (LPCM) format. LPCM is also the standard audio coding format for <a href="/wiki/Audio_CD" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio CD">audio CDs</a>, which store two-channel LPCM audio <a href="/wiki/Sampling_(signal_processing)" title="Sampling (signal processing)">sampled</a> at <a href="/wiki/44.1_kHz" class="mw-redirect" title="44.1 kHz">44.1 kHz</a> with 16 <a href="/wiki/Audio_bit_depth" title="Audio bit depth">bits per sample</a>. Since LPCM is uncompressed and retains all of the samples of an audio track, professional users or audio experts may use the WAV format with LPCM audio for maximum audio quality.<sup id="cite_ref-Ryan_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ryan-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WAV files can also be edited and manipulated with relative ease using software. </p><p>On Microsoft Windows, the WAV format supports compressed audio using the <a href="/wiki/Audio_Compression_Manager" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio Compression Manager">Audio Compression Manager</a> (ACM). Any ACM <a href="/wiki/Codec" title="Codec">codec</a> can be used to compress a WAV file. The <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> (UI) for ACM may be accessed through various programs that use it, including <a href="/wiki/Sound_Recorder_(Windows)" title="Sound Recorder (Windows)">Sound Recorder</a> in some versions of Windows. </p><p>Beginning with <a href="/wiki/Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</a>, a <code>WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE</code> header was defined which specifies <a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">multiple audio channel data</a> along with speaker positions, eliminates ambiguity regarding sample types and container sizes in the standard WAV format and supports defining custom extensions to the format.<sup id="cite_ref-wav-specifications_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wav-specifications-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-multichaud_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multichaud-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mbwf_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mbwf-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="File_specifications">File specifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: File specifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="RIFF">RIFF</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: RIFF"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A RIFF file is a tagged file format. It has a specific container format (a <i>chunk</i>) with a header that includes a four-character tag (<a href="/wiki/FourCC" title="FourCC">FourCC</a>) and the size (number of bytes) of the chunk. The tag specifies how the data within the chunk should be interpreted, and there are several standard FourCC tags. Tags consisting of all capital letters are reserved tags. The outermost chunk of a RIFF file has a <code>RIFF</code> tag; the first four bytes of chunk data are an additional FourCC tag that specify the form type and are followed by a sequence of subchunks. In the case of a WAV file, the additional tag is <code>WAVE</code>. The remainder of the RIFF data is a sequence of chunks describing the audio information. </p><p>The advantage of a tagged file format is that the format can be extended later while maintaining <a href="/wiki/Backward_compatibility" title="Backward compatibility">backward compatibility</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rule for a RIFF (or WAV) reader is that it should ignore any tagged chunk that it does not recognize.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reader will not be able to use the new information, but the reader should not be confused. </p><p>The specification for RIFF files includes the definition of an <code>INFO</code> chunk. The chunk may include information such as the title of the work, the author, the creation date, and copyright information. Although the <code>INFO</code> chunk was defined for RIFF in version 1.0, the chunk was not referenced in the formal specification of a WAV file. Many readers had trouble processing this. Consequently, the safest thing to do from an interchange standpoint was to omit the <code>INFO</code> chunk and other extensions and send a lowest-common-denominator file. There are other <a href="/wiki/Resource_Interchange_File_Format#INFO_chunk_placement_problems" title="Resource Interchange File Format">INFO chunk placement problems</a>. </p><p>RIFF files were expected to be used in international environments, so there is <code>CSET</code> chunk to specify the country code, language, dialect, and <a href="/wiki/Code_page" title="Code page">code page</a> for the strings in a RIFF file.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, specifying an appropriate <code>CSET</code> chunk should allow the strings in an <code>INFO</code> chunk (and other chunks throughout the RIFF file) to be interpreted as Cyrillic or Japanese characters. </p><p>RIFF also defines a <code>JUNK</code> chunk whose contents are uninteresting.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chunk allows a chunk to be deleted by just changing its FourCC. The chunk could also be used to reserve some space for future edits so the file could be modified without being resized. A later definition of RIFF introduced a similar <code>PAD</code> chunk.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="RIFF_WAVE">RIFF WAVE</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: RIFF WAVE"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The top-level definition of a WAV file is:<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <pre><WAVE-form> → RIFF('WAVE' <fmt-ck> // Format of the file [<fact-ck>] // Fact chunk [<cue-ck>] // Cue points [<playlist-ck>] // Playlist [<assoc-data-list>] // Associated data list <wave-data> ) // Wave data </pre> <p>The top-level RIFF form uses a <code>WAVE</code> tag. It is followed by a mandatory <code><fmt-ck></code> chunk that describes the format of the sample data that follows. This chunk includes information such as the sample encoding, number of bits per channel, the number of channels, and the sample rate. </p><p>The WAV specification includes some optional features. The optional <code><fact-ck></code> chunk reports the number of samples for some compressed coding schemes. The <code><cue-ck></code> chunk identifies some significant sample numbers in the wave file. The <code><playlist-ck></code> chunk allows the samples to be played out of order or repeated rather than just from beginning to end. The associated data list (<code><assoc-data-list></code>) allows labels and notes to be attached to cue points; text annotation may be given for a group of samples (e.g., caption information). </p><p>Finally, the mandatory <code><wave-data></code> chunk contains the actual samples in the format previously specified. </p><p>Note that the WAV file definition does not show where an <code>INFO</code> chunk should be placed. It is also silent about the placement of a <code>CSET</code> chunk (which specifies the character set used). </p><p>The RIFF specification attempts to be a formal specification, but its formalism lacks the precision seen in other tagged formats. For example, the RIFF specification does not clearly distinguish between a set of subchunks and an ordered sequence of subchunks. The RIFF form chunk suggests it should be a sequence container. Sequencing information is specified in the RIFF form of a WAV file consistent with the formalism: "However, <code><fmt-ck></code> must always occur before <code><wave-data></code>, and both of these chunks are mandatory in a WAVE file."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The specification suggests a <code>LIST</code> chunk is also a sequence: "A LIST chunk contains a list, or ordered sequence, of subchunks."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the specification does not give a formal specification of the <code>INFO</code> chunk; an example <code>INFO</code> <code>LIST</code> chunk ignores the chunk sequence implied in the <code>INFO</code> description.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <code>LIST</code> chunk definition for <code><wave-data></code> does use the <code>LIST</code> chunk as a sequence container with good formal semantics. </p><p>The WAV specification supports, and most WAV files use, a single contiguous array of audio samples. The specification also supports discrete blocks of samples and silence that are played in order. The specification for the sample data contains apparent errors:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <pre>The <wave-data> contains the waveform data. It is defined as follows: <wave-data> → { <data-ck> | <data-list> } <data-ck> → data( <wave-data> ) <wave-list> → LIST( 'wavl' { <data-ck> | // Wave samples <silence-ck> }... ) // Silence <silence-ck> → slnt( <dwSamples:DWORD> ) // Count of silent samples </pre> <p>Apparently <code><data-list></code> (undefined) and <code><wave-list></code> (defined but not referenced) should be identical. Even with this resolved, the productions then allow a <code><data-ck></code> to contain a <a href="/wiki/Recursion_(computer_science)" title="Recursion (computer science)">recursive</a> <code><wave-data></code> (which implies data interpretation problems). To avoid the recursion, the specification can be interpreted as: </p> <pre><wave-data> → { <data-ck> | <wave-list> } <data-ck> → data( <bSampleData:BYTE> ... ) <wave-list> → LIST( 'wavl' { <data-ck> | // Wave samples <silence-ck> }... ) // Silence <silence-ck> → slnt( <dwSamples:DWORD> ) // Count of silent samples </pre> <p>WAV files can contain embedded IFF <i>lists</i>, which can contain several <i>sub-chunks</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WAV_file_header">WAV file header</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: WAV file header"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is an example of a WAV file header (44 bytes). Data is stored in little-endian byte order. </p> <pre>[Master RIFF chunk] FileTypeBlocID (4 bytes) : Identifier « RIFF » (0x52, 0x49, 0x46, 0x46) FileSize (4 bytes) : Overall file size minus 8 bytes FileFormatID (4 bytes) : Format = « WAVE » (0x57, 0x41, 0x56, 0x45) [Chunk describing the data format] FormatBlocID (4 bytes) : Identifier « fmt␣ » (0x66, 0x6D, 0x74, 0x20) BlocSize (4 bytes) : Chunk size minus 8 bytes, which is 16 bytes here (0x10) AudioFormat (2 bytes) : Audio format (1: PCM integer, 3: IEEE 754 float) NbrChannels (2 bytes) : Number of channels Frequency (4 bytes) : Sample rate (in hertz) BytePerSec (4 bytes) : Number of bytes to read per second (Frequency * BytePerBloc). BytePerBloc (2 bytes) : Number of bytes per block (NbrChannels * BitsPerSample / 8). BitsPerSample (2 bytes) : Number of bits per sample [Chunk containing the sampled data] DataBlocID (4 bytes) : Identifier « data » (0x64, 0x61, 0x74, 0x61) DataSize (4 bytes) : SampledData size SampledData </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metadata">Metadata</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Metadata"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a derivative of RIFF, WAV files can be tagged with <a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a> in the INFO chunk. In addition, WAV files can embed any kind of metadata, including but not limited to <a href="/wiki/Extensible_Metadata_Platform" title="Extensible Metadata Platform">Extensible Metadata Platform</a> (XMP) data<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/ID3" title="ID3">ID3</a> tags<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in extra chunks. The RIFF specification requires that applications ignore chunks they do not recognize and applications may not necessarily use this extra information. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popularity">Popularity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Popularity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uncompressed WAV files are large, so <a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">file sharing</a> of WAV files over the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> is uncommon except among video, music and audio professionals. The high resolution of the format makes it suitable for retaining <a href="/wiki/Generation_loss" title="Generation loss">first generation</a> archived files of high quality, for use on a system where disk space and network bandwidth are not constraints. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use_by_broadcasters">Use by broadcasters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Use by broadcasters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/WAV" title="Special:EditPage/WAV">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In spite of their large size, uncompressed WAV files are used by most radio broadcasters, especially those that have adopted a tapeless system. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio" title="BBC Radio">BBC Radio</a> in the UK requires LPCM 48 kHz 16-bit WAV audio as standard for all content made for broadcast on its stations.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The UK Commercial radio company <a href="/wiki/Global_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Radio">Global Radio</a> uses 44.1 kHz 16-bit two-channel WAV files throughout their broadcast chain.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">ABC</a> "D-Cart" system, which was developed by the Australian broadcaster, uses 48 kHz 16-bit two-channel WAV files.</li> <li>The Digital Radio Mondiale consortium uses WAV files as an informal standard for transmitter simulation and receiver testing.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Limitations">Limitations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Limitations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The WAV format is limited to files that are less than <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000400000000000000♠"></span>4 <a href="/wiki/GiB" class="mw-redirect" title="GiB">GiB</a></span>, because of its use of a <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Unsigned_integer" class="mw-redirect" title="Unsigned integer">unsigned integer</a> to record the file size in the header. Although this is equivalent to about 6.8 hours of CD-quality audio at 44.1 kHz, 16-bit <a href="/wiki/Stereo" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereo">stereo</a>, it is sometimes necessary to exceed this limit, especially when greater <a href="/wiki/Sampling_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sampling rate">sampling rates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Audio_bit_depth" title="Audio bit depth">bit resolutions</a> or <a href="/wiki/Surround_sound" title="Surround sound">channel count</a> are required. The W64 format was therefore created for use in <a href="/wiki/Sound_Forge" title="Sound Forge">Sound Forge</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/64-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="64-bit">64-bit</a> file size field in the header allows for much longer recording times. The <a href="/wiki/RF64" title="RF64">RF64</a> format specified by the <a href="/wiki/European_Broadcasting_Union" title="European Broadcasting Union">European Broadcasting Union</a> has also been created to solve this problem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-audio_data">Non-audio data</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Non-audio data"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the sampling rate of a WAV file can vary from <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠"></span>1 <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">Hz</a></span> to <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7009430000000000000♠"></span>4.3 <a href="/wiki/Gigahertz" class="mw-redirect" title="Gigahertz">GHz</a></span>, and the number of channels can be as high as 65535, WAV files have also been used for non-audio data. <a href="/wiki/LTspice" title="LTspice">LTspice</a>, for instance, can store multiple circuit trace <a href="/wiki/Waveform" title="Waveform">waveforms</a> in separate channels, at any appropriate sampling rate, with the full-scale range representing ±1 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ampere" title="Ampere">A</a> rather than a sound pressure.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Audio_compact_discs">Audio compact discs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Audio compact discs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Audio <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">compact discs</a> (CDs) do not use the WAV file format, using instead <a href="/wiki/Red_Book_(audio_CD_standard)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Book (audio CD standard)">Red Book audio</a>. The commonality is that audio CDs are encoded as uncompressed 16-bit <a href="/wiki/44.1_kHz" class="mw-redirect" title="44.1 kHz">44.1 kHz</a> stereo LPCM, which is one of the formats supported by WAV. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_of_coding_schemes">Comparison of coding schemes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Comparison of coding schemes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Audio_compression_(data)" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio compression (data)">Audio compression (data)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_coding_formats" title="Comparison of audio coding formats">Comparison of audio coding formats</a></div> <p>Audio in WAV files can be encoded in a variety of audio coding formats, such as <a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a> or <a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MP3</a>, to reduce the file size. All WAV files, even those that use <a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MP3</a> compression, use the <code>.wav</code> extension. </p><p>This is a reference to compare the <a href="/wiki/Monophonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monophonic">monophonic</a> (not <a href="/wiki/Stereophonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Stereophonic">stereophonic</a>) audio quality and compression bitrates of audio coding formats available for WAV files including LPCM, <a href="/wiki/ADPCM" class="mw-redirect" title="ADPCM">ADPCM</a>, Microsoft <a href="/wiki/GSM_06.10" class="mw-redirect" title="GSM 06.10">GSM 06.10</a>, <a href="/wiki/CELP" class="mw-redirect" title="CELP">CELP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smart_Bitrate_Control" title="Smart Bitrate Control">SBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Truespeech" title="Truespeech">Truespeech</a> and <a href="/wiki/MPEG" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG">MPEG</a> Layer-3. These are the default ACM codecs that come with Windows. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Format </th> <th>Bitrate (<a href="/wiki/Kbit/s" class="mw-redirect" title="Kbit/s">kbit/s</a>) </th> <th>1 minute (<a href="/wiki/KiB" class="mw-redirect" title="KiB">KiB</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td>11,025 Hz 16 bit LPCM </td> <td>176.4 </td> <td>1292 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz 16 bit LPCM </td> <td>128 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>938 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11,025 Hz 8 bit LPCM </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>88.2 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>646 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11,025 Hz <a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Μ-Law">μ-Law</a> </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>88.2 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>646 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz 8 bit LPCM </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>64 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>469 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz μ-Law </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>64 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>469 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11,025 Hz 4 bit ADPCM </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>44.1 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>323 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz 4 bit ADPCM </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>32 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>234 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11,025 Hz GSM 06.10 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>18 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>132 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz MP3 <span class="nowrap">16 kbit/s</span> </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>16 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>117 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz GSM 06.10 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>13 </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>103 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz <a href="/wiki/Lernout_%26_Hauspie" title="Lernout & Hauspie">Lernout & Hauspie</a> SBC <span class="nowrap">12 kbit/s</span> </td> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>12 </td> <td><span style="display:none">00</span>88 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz <a href="/wiki/DSP_Group" title="DSP Group">DSP Group</a> <a href="/wiki/Truespeech" title="Truespeech">Truespeech</a> </td> <td><span style="display:none">00</span>9 </td> <td><span style="display:none">00</span>66 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz MP3 <span class="nowrap">8 kbit/s</span> </td> <td><span style="display:none">00</span>8 </td> <td><span style="display:none">00</span>60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span style="display:none">0</span>8,000 Hz Lernout & Hauspie <a href="/wiki/CELP" class="mw-redirect" title="CELP">CELP</a> </td> <td><span style="display:none">00</span>4.8 </td> <td><span style="display:none">00</span>35 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio" title="Windows Media Audio">Windows Media Audio</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFleischman1998" class="citation cs1">Fleischman, E. (June 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2361"><i>WAVE and AVI Codec Registries</i></a>. IETF. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC2361">10.17487/RFC2361</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2361">2361</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=WAVE+and+AVI+Codec+Registries&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=1998-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17487%2FRFC2361&rft.aulast=Fleischman&rft.aufirst=E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Frfc2361&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://filext.com/file-extension/WAV">"File Extension .WAV Details"</a>. Filext.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=File+Extension+.WAV+Details&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffilext.com%2Ffile-extension%2FWAV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPI1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MPI1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPI1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPI1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991" class="citation web cs1">IBM; Microsoft (August 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aelius.com/njh/wavemetatools/doc/riffmci.pdf">"Multimedia Programming Interface and Data Specifications 1.0"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Multimedia+Programming+Interface+and+Data+Specifications+1.0&rft.date=1991-08&rft.au=IBM&rft.au=Microsoft&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aelius.com%2Fnjh%2Fwavemetatools%2Fdoc%2Friffmci.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wav-specifications-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wav-specifications_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wav-specifications_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFP._Kabal2006" class="citation web cs1">P. Kabal (2006-06-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/WAVE/WAVE.html">"Audio File Format Specifications - WAVE or RIFF WAVE sound file"</a>. McGill University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Audio+File+Format+Specifications+-+WAVE+or+RIFF+WAVE+sound+file&rft.pub=McGill+University&rft.date=2006-06-19&rft.au=P.+Kabal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca%2FDocuments%2FAudioFormats%2FWAVE%2FWAVE.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-multichaud-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-multichaud_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-multichaud_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100302142644/https://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/audio/multichaud.mspx">"Multiple Channel Audio Data and WAVE Files"</a>. Microsoft Corporation. 2007-03-07. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.microsoft.com/whdc/device/audio/multichaud.mspx">the original</a> on 2010-03-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Multiple+Channel+Audio+Data+and+WAVE+Files&rft.pub=Microsoft+Corporation&rft.date=2007-03-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2Fwhdc%2Fdevice%2Faudio%2Fmultichaud.mspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000001.shtml">"WAVE Audio File Format"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></i>. 2008-09-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=WAVE+Audio+File+Format&rft.date=2008-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fpreservation%2Fdigital%2Fformats%2Ffdd%2Ffdd000001.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDi_SilvestroBaribault1999" class="citation cs1">Di Silvestro, Laile L.; Baribault, Greg (June 20, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ema-vpim-wav-00"><i>Waveform Audio File Format, MIME Sub-type Registration</i></a>. IETF. I-D draft-ema-vpim-wav-00<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Waveform+Audio+File+Format%2C+MIME+Sub-type+Registration&rft.pub=IETF&rft.date=1999-06-20&rft.aulast=Di+Silvestro&rft.aufirst=Laile+L.&rft.au=Baribault%2C+Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatatracker.ietf.org%2Fdoc%2Fhtml%2Fdraft-ema-vpim-wav-00&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180207062953/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wav_file">"Definition of WAV file in English"</a>. <i>Oxford English Living Dictionary</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wav_file">the original</a> on February 7, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+English+Living+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Definition+of+WAV+file+in+English&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fwav_file&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ryan-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ryan_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBranson2015" class="citation web cs1">Branson, Ryan (21 October 2015) (21 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://videoconversiontools.wordpress.com/2015/10/21/what-makes-wav-better-than-mp3/">"What Makes WAV Better than MP3"</a>. <i>Online Video Converter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Video+Converter&rft.atitle=What+Makes+WAV+Better+than+MP3&rft.date=2015-10-21&rft.aulast=Branson&rft.aufirst=Ryan+%2821+October+2015%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvideoconversiontools.wordpress.com%2F2015%2F10%2F21%2Fwhat-makes-wav-better-than-mp3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mbwf-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mbwf_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEBU2009" class="citation cs2">EBU (July 2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091122155436/https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3306-2009.pdf"><i>EBU Tech 3306 - MBWF / RF64: An Extended File Format for Audio</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/tech/tech3306-2009.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2009-11-22<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-19</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=EBU+Tech+3306+-+MBWF+%2F+RF64%3A+An+Extended+File+Format+for+Audio&rft.date=2009-07&rft.au=EBU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftech.ebu.ch%2Fdocs%2Ftech%2Ftech3306-2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, p. 1-1, "The main advantage of RIFF is its extensibility; file formats based on RIFF can be future-proofed, as format changes can be ignored by existing applications."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, PDF p. 56, "Programs must expect (and ignore) any unknown chunks encountered, as with all RIFF forms."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, pp. 2-17 to 2-18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, p. 2-18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Microsoft Multimedia Standards Update, New Multimedia Data Types and Data Techniques, Revision 3.0, April 15, 1994, page 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, PDF p. 56</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, PDF p. 56</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, PDF p. 23</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a>, PDF p. 21, <code>INAM</code> appears before <code>ICOP</code></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Specification from <a href="#CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991">IBM & Microsoft 1991</a> which also describes how the production syntax is interpreted.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19991115123323/https://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/wave.htm">"WAVE File Format"</a>. 1999-11-15. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/wave.htm">the original</a> on 1999-11-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WAVE+File+Format&rft.date=1999-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.borg.com%2F~jglatt%2Ftech%2Fwave.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090827003349/https://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/">"WAVE PCM soundfile format"</a>. 2003-01-20. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ccrma.stanford.edu/courses/422/projects/WaveFormat/">the original</a> on 2009-08-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WAVE+PCM+soundfile+format&rft.date=2003-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fccrma.stanford.edu%2Fcourses%2F422%2Fprojects%2FWaveFormat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722003211/https://www.lightlink.com/tjweber/StripWav/WAVE.html">"The WAVE File Format"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lightlink.com/tjweber/StripWav/WAVE.html">the original</a> on 2011-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+WAVE+File+Format&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lightlink.com%2Ftjweber%2FStripWav%2FWAVE.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180225154501/https://wwwimages2.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/xmp/pdfs/XMP%20SDK%20Release%20cc-2016-08/XMPSpecificationPart3.pdf"><i>XMP SPECIFICATION PART 3: STORAGE IN FILES</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Adobe Systems Incorporated. 2016. pp. <span class="nowrap">24–</span>25. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wwwimages2.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/xmp/pdfs/XMP%20SDK%20Release%20cc-2016-08/XMPSpecificationPart3.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=XMP+SPECIFICATION+PART+3%3A+STORAGE+IN+FILES&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E24-%3C%2Fspan%3E25&rft.pub=Adobe+Systems+Incorporated&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwwwimages2.adobe.com%2Fcontent%2Fdam%2Facom%2Fen%2Fdevnet%2Fxmp%2Fpdfs%2FXMP%2520SDK%2520Release%2520cc-2016-08%2FXMPSpecificationPart3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106232733/https://wiki.audacityteam.org/wiki/WAV#Metadata">"WAV"</a>. Audacity. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wiki.audacityteam.org/wiki/WAV#Metadata">the original</a> on 2020-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WAV&rft.pub=Audacity&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwiki.audacityteam.org%2Fwiki%2FWAV%23Metadata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240528163326/https://www.bbc.co.uk/commissioning/radio/documents/technicalspecificationradiojuly2022_v01.7.pdf">"Audio Quality Information & Standards for BBC Radio and BBC Sounds"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>BBC</i>. BBC Design & Engineering. 28 March 2022. p. 8. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/commissioning/radio/documents/technicalspecificationradiojuly2022_v01.7.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Audio+Quality+Information+%26+Standards+for+BBC+Radio+and+BBC+Sounds&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2022-03-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fcommissioning%2Fradio%2Fdocuments%2Ftechnicalspecificationradiojuly2022_v01.7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120227091041/https://ltspice.linear.com/software/scad3.pdf">"LTspice IV"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Linear Technologies Corporation. 2009. p. 95. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ltspice.linear.com/software/scad3.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-02-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-09-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LTspice+IV&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=Linear+Technologies+Corporation&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fltspice.linear.com%2Fsoftware%2Fscad3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWAV" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=WAV&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Waveform_audio_format" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Waveform audio format">Waveform audio format</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/WAVE/WAVE.html">WAVE file format specifications</a> - from McGill University, (Last update: 2011-01-03)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/audio/extensible-wave-format-descriptors">Extensible Wave-Format Descriptors</a> from Microsoft (Updated October 26, 2017)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dream.cs.bath.ac.uk/researchdev/wave-ex/wave_ex.html">More information on WAVE_FORMAT_EXTENSIBLE</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240303144435/https://dream.cs.bath.ac.uk/researchdev/wave-ex/wave_ex.html">Archived</a> 2024-03-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> - University of Bath</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080113195252/https://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/wave.htm">WAVE File Format - technical details</a> (1999)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wavmetadata.blogspot.com">WAV & BWF Metadata Guide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cipa.jp/std/documents/e/DC-008-2012_E.pdf">Exif tags</a>; see, for example, page 128</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Multimedia_compression_and_container_formats462" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_formats" title="Template:Compression formats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Compression_formats" title="Template talk:Compression formats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Compression_formats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Compression formats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Multimedia_compression_and_container_formats462" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia">Multimedia</a> <a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">compression</a> and <a href="/wiki/Container_format_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Container format (computing)">container</a> formats</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">Video<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DV_(video_format)" title="DV (video format)">DV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG" title="Motion JPEG">MJPEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">Motion JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1" title="MPEG-1">MPEG-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">Part 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4" title="MPEG-4">MPEG-4</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" title="MPEG-4 Part 2">Part 2 / ASP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264/MPEG-4 AVC">Part 10 / AVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_IVC" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 IVC">Part 33 / IVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H" title="MPEG-H">MPEG-H</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">Part 2 / HEVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG-I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPEG-I (page does not exist)">MPEG-I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">Part 3 / VVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-5" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-5">MPEG-5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essential_Video_Coding" title="Essential Video Coding">Part 1 / EVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCEVC" title="LCEVC">Part 2 / LCEVC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_Coding_Experts_Group" title="Video Coding Experts Group">VCEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H.120" title="H.120">H.120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.261" title="H.261">H.261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">H.262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.263" title="H.263">H.263</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264 / AVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">H.265 / HEVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">H.266 / VVC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H.267&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H.267 (page does not exist)">H.267 / Enhanced Coding Model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">SMPTE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VC-1" title="VC-1">VC-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirac_(video_compression_format)" title="Dirac (video compression format)">VC-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avid_DNxHD" title="Avid DNxHD">VC-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CineForm" title="CineForm">VC-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VC-6" title="VC-6">VC-6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">TrueMotion</a> and AOMedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies#TrueMotion_S" title="On2 Technologies">TrueMotion S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP7" class="mw-redirect" title="VP7">VP7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP8" title="VP8">VP8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP9" title="VP9">VP9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Chinese Standard</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS1 P2/AVS+</a>(GB/T 20090.2/16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#Second_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2 P2</a>(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1) <ul><li>HDR Vivid(GY/T 358)</li></ul></li> <li>AVS3 P2(GY/T 368)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Video" title="Apple Video">Apple Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bink_Video" title="Bink Video">Bink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinepak" title="Cinepak">Cinepak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daala" title="Daala">Daala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Interactive" title="Digital Video Interactive">DVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFV1" title="FFV1">FFV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffyuv" title="Huffyuv">Huffyuv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeo" title="Indeo">Indeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagarith" title="Lagarith">Lagarith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Video_1" title="Microsoft Video 1">Microsoft Video 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSU_Lossless_Video_Codec" title="MSU Lossless Video Codec">MSU Lossless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMS_Video" title="OMS Video">OMS Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixlet" title="Pixlet">Pixlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_ProRes" title="Apple ProRes">ProRes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ProRes_422" class="mw-redirect" title="ProRes 422">422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProRes_4444" class="mw-redirect" title="ProRes 4444">4444</a></li></ul></li> <li>QuickTime <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_Animation" title="QuickTime Animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_Graphics" title="QuickTime Graphics">Graphics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealVideo" title="RealVideo">RealVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTVideo" title="RTVideo">RTVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SheerVideo" title="SheerVideo">SheerVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smacker_video" title="Smacker video">Smacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorenson_Media" title="Sorenson Media">Sorenson Video/Spark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theora" title="Theora">Theora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(video_codec)" title="Thor (video codec)">Thor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ut_Video_Codec_Suite" title="Ut Video Codec Suite">Ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Video" title="Windows Media Video">WMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RatDVD" title="RatDVD">XEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YULS" title="YULS">YULS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">Audio<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer II">MPEG-1 Layer II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Multichannel" title="MPEG Multichannel">Multichannel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer I">MPEG-1 Layer I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-Efficiency_Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding">HE-AAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AAC-LD" title="AAC-LD">AAC-LD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Surround" title="MPEG Surround">MPEG Surround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Lossless_Coding" title="Audio Lossless Coding">MPEG-4 ALS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_SLS" title="MPEG-4 SLS">MPEG-4 SLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD#DST" title="Super Audio CD">MPEG-4 DST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_Vector_Excitation_Coding" title="Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding">MPEG-4 HVXC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Code-excited linear prediction">MPEG-4 CELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Speech_and_Audio_Coding" title="Unified Speech and Audio Coding">MPEG-D USAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H_3D_Audio" title="MPEG-H 3D Audio">MPEG-H 3D Audio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G.711" title="G.711">G.711</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-law_algorithm" title="A-law algorithm">A-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-law_algorithm" title="Μ-law algorithm">µ-law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.718" title="G.718">G.718</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.719" title="G.719">G.719</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.722" title="G.722">G.722</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.722.1" title="G.722.1">G.722.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Wideband" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband">G.722.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.723" title="G.723">G.723</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.723.1" title="G.723.1">G.723.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.726" title="G.726">G.726</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.728" title="G.728">G.728</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.729" title="G.729">G.729</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.729.1" title="G.729.1">G.729.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opus_(audio_format)" title="Opus (audio format)">Opus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec" title="Internet Low Bitrate Codec">iLBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speex" title="Speex">Speex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/3GPP" title="3GPP">3GPP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec">AMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Wideband" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband">AMR-WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Adaptive_Multi-Rate_%E2%80%93_Wideband" title="Extended Adaptive Multi-Rate – Wideband">AMR-WB+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec" title="Enhanced Variable Rate Codec">EVRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec_B" title="Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B">EVRC-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Voice_Services" title="Enhanced Voice Services">EVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_Rate" title="Half Rate">GSM-HR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_Rate" title="Full Rate">GSM-FR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_full_rate" title="Enhanced full rate">GSM-EFR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ETSI" class="mw-redirect" title="ETSI">ETSI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_Digital" title="Dolby Digital">AC-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_AC-4" title="Dolby AC-4">AC-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTS_(sound_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="DTS (sound system)">DTS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_Special_Interest_Group" title="Bluetooth Special Interest Group">Bluetooth SIG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SBC_(codec)" title="SBC (codec)">SBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LC3_(codec)" title="LC3 (codec)">LC3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Chinese Standard</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS1 P10</a>(GB/T 20090.10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#Second_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2 P3</a>(GB/T 33475.3) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Audio_Vivid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audio Vivid (page does not exist)">Audio Vivid</a>(GY/T 363)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Resolution_Adaptation" title="Dynamic Resolution Adaptation">DRA</a>(GB/T 22726)</li> <li>ExAC(SJ/T 11299.4)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Algebraic code-excited linear prediction">ACELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Lossless_Audio_Codec" title="Apple Lossless Audio Codec">ALAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asao_(codec)" title="Asao (codec)">Asao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Transform_Acoustic_Coding" class="mw-redirect" title="Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding">ATRAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CELT" title="CELT">CELT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codec_2" title="Codec 2">Codec 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec" title="Internet Speech Audio Codec">iSAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyra_(codec)" title="Lyra (codec)">Lyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-excitation_linear_prediction" title="Mixed-excitation linear prediction">MELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey%27s_Audio" title="Monkey's Audio">Monkey's Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT9" title="MT9">MT9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musepack" title="Musepack">Musepack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OptimFROG" title="OptimFROG">OptimFROG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_Sound_Quality" title="Original Sound Quality">OSQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualcomm_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Qualcomm code-excited linear prediction">QCELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relaxed_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Relaxed code-excited linear prediction">RCELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealAudio" title="RealAudio">RealAudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avid_Audio#Sound_Designer_file_formats" title="Avid Audio">SD2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorten_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorten file format">SHN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SILK" title="SILK">SILK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(codec)" title="Siren (codec)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selectable_Mode_Vocoder" title="Selectable Mode Vocoder">SMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SVOPC" title="SVOPC">SVOPC</a></li> <li>TTA <ul><li>True Audio</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TwinVQ" title="TwinVQ">TwinVQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable-Rate_Multimode_Wideband" title="Variable-Rate Multimode Wideband">VMR-WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vector_sum_excited_linear_prediction" title="Vector sum excited linear prediction">VSELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WavPack" title="WavPack">WavPack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio" title="Windows Media Audio">WMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="Master Quality Authenticated">MQA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX" title="AptX">aptX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_HD" title="AptX">aptX HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_Low_Latency" title="AptX">aptX Low Latency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_Adaptive" title="AptX">aptX Adaptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LDAC_(codec)" title="LDAC (codec)">LDAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)" title="LHDC (codec)">LHDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)#LLAC" title="LHDC (codec)">LLAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Image_compression" title="Image compression">Image<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Photographic_Experts_Group" title="Joint Photographic Experts Group">JPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_4_compression" title="Group 4 compression">CCITT Group 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIF" title="GIF">GIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format#HEIC:_HEVC_in_HEIF" title="High Efficiency Image File Format">HEIC / HEIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding#Main_Still_Picture" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBIG" title="JBIG">JBIG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBIG2" title="JBIG2">JBIG2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG" title="JPEG">JPEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_2000" title="JPEG 2000">JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG-LS" class="mw-redirect" title="JPEG-LS">JPEG-LS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XL" title="JPEG XL">JPEG XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XR" title="JPEG XR">JPEG XR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XS" title="JPEG XS">JPEG XS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XT" title="JPEG XT">JPEG XT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Network Graphics">PNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF" title="TIFF">TIFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF/EP" title="TIFF/EP">TIFF/EP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF/IT" class="mw-redirect" title="TIFF/IT">TIFF/IT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APNG" title="APNG">APNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVIF" title="AVIF">AVIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Portable_Graphics" title="Better Portable Graphics">BPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DjVu" title="DjVu">DjVu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenEXR" title="OpenEXR">EXR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Lossless_Image_Format" title="Free Lossless Image Format">FLIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICER_(file_format)" title="ICER (file format)">ICER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-image_Network_Graphics" title="Multiple-image Network Graphics">MNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Graphics_File" title="Progressive Graphics File">PGF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QOI_(image_format)" title="QOI (image format)">QOI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_VR" title="QuickTime VR">QTVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol_Bitmap_Format" title="Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format">WBMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebP" title="WebP">WebP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_container_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital container format">Containers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_elementary_stream" title="MPEG elementary stream">MPEG-ES</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Packetized_elementary_stream" title="Packetized elementary stream">MPEG-PES</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_program_stream" title="MPEG program stream">MPEG-PS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream" title="MPEG transport stream">MPEG-TS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_base_media_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO/IEC base media file format">ISO/IEC base media file format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_14" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 Part 14">MPEG-4 Part 14</a> (MP4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">Motion JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-21" title="MPEG-21">MPEG-21 Part 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_media_transport" title="MPEG media transport">MPEG media transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2#Systems" title="MPEG-2">H.222.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">T.802</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">SMPTE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Exchange_Format" title="General Exchange Format">GXF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_Exchange_Format" title="Material Exchange Format">MXF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3GP_and_3G2" title="3GP and 3G2">3GP and 3G2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMV_video_format" title="AMV video format">AMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Systems_Format" title="Advanced Systems Format">ASF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format" title="Audio Interchange File Format">AIFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Interleave" title="Audio Video Interleave">AVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au_file_format" title="Au file format">AU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Portable_Graphics" title="Better Portable Graphics">BPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bink_Video" title="Bink Video">Bink</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smacker_video" title="Smacker video">Smacker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMP_file_format" title="BMP file format">BMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivX#DivX_Media_Format_(DMF)" title="DivX">DivX Media Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_VOB" title="Enhanced VOB">EVO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format" title="High Efficiency Image File Format">HEIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_File_Format" title="Interchange File Format">IFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.m2ts" title=".m2ts">M2TS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_File_Format" title="QuickTime File Format">QuickTime File Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RatDVD" title="RatDVD">RatDVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealMedia" title="RealMedia">RealMedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Interchange_File_Format" title="Resource Interchange File Format">RIFF</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WAV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOD_and_TOD" title="MOD and TOD">MOD and TOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VOB" title="VOB">VOB, IFO and BUP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collaborations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NETVC" title="NETVC">NETVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_LA" title="MPEG LA">MPEG LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Open_Media" title="Alliance for Open Media">Alliance for Open Media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Methods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Entropy_encoding" class="mw-redirect" title="Entropy encoding">Entropy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arithmetic_coding" title="Arithmetic coding">Arithmetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffman_coding" title="Huffman coding">Huffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_Huffman_coding" title="Modified Huffman coding">Modified</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_predictive_coding" title="Linear predictive coding">LPC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Algebraic code-excited linear prediction">ACELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Code-excited linear prediction">CELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_spectral_pairs" title="Line spectral pairs">LSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warped_linear_predictive_coding" title="Warped linear predictive coding">WLPC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lossless_compression" title="Lossless compression">Lossless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">Lossy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LZ77_and_LZ78" title="LZ77 and LZ78">LZ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEFLATE" class="mw-redirect" title="DEFLATE">DEFLATE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lempel%E2%80%93Ziv%E2%80%93Welch" title="Lempel–Ziv–Welch">LZW</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulse-code_modulation" title="Pulse-code modulation">PCM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-law_algorithm" title="A-law algorithm">A-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-law_algorithm" title="Μ-law algorithm">µ-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_differential_pulse-code_modulation" title="Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation">ADPCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_pulse-code_modulation" title="Differential pulse-code modulation">DPCM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transform_coding" title="Transform coding">Transforms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Fourier_transform" title="Fast Fourier transform">FFT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_discrete_cosine_transform" title="Modified discrete cosine transform">MDCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wavelet" title="Wavelet">Wavelet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daubechies_wavelet" title="Daubechies wavelet">Daubechies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_wavelet_transform" title="Discrete wavelet transform">DWT</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_coding_formats" title="Comparison of audio coding formats">Comparison of audio coding formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_video_codecs" title="Comparison of video codecs">Comparison of video codecs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_codecs" title="List of codecs">List of codecs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_methods" title="Template:Compression methods">Compression methods</a> for techniques and <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_software" title="Template:Compression software">Compression software</a> for codecs</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox492" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217570#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13621427d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13621427d">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WAV&oldid=1282680529">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WAV&oldid=1282680529</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Audio_file_formats" title="Category:Audio file formats">Audio file formats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Digital_container_formats" title="Category:Digital container formats">Digital container formats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer-related_introductions_in_1991" title="Category:Computer-related introductions in 1991">Computer-related introductions in 1991</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Microsoft_Windows_multimedia_technology" title="Category:Microsoft Windows multimedia technology">Microsoft Windows multimedia technology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_failed_verification" title="Category:All articles with failed verification">All articles with failed verification</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_failed_verification_from_January_2025" title="Category:Articles with failed verification from January 2025">Articles with failed verification from January 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2024" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from April 2024">Articles needing additional references from April 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 March 2025, at 23:39<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WAV&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">WAV</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>34 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7dbbdd594f-rwn2x","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.533","walltime":"0.690","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3690,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":137464,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7957,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":24,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":12,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":85031,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 582.254 1 -total"," 30.87% 179.725 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.16% 82.448 2 Template:Cite_IETF"," 13.07% 76.114 1 Template:Infobox_file_format"," 12.79% 74.481 5 Template:Navbox"," 12.60% 73.386 1 Template:Infobox"," 12.18% 70.947 1 Template:Compression_formats"," 9.37% 54.535 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.56% 38.205 1 Template:Unreferenced_section"," 6.28% 36.543 1 Template:Unreferenced"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.328","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10144528,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFBranson2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDi_SilvestroBaribault1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEBU2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFleischman1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIBMMicrosoft1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFP._Kabal2006\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite IETF\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 12,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Compression formats\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Wav\"] = 1,\n [\"Distinguish\"] = 1,\n [\"Failed verification\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 9,\n [\"Hyphen\"] = 4,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox file format\"] = 1,\n [\"Main article\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 3,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Start date and age\"] = 2,\n [\"Unreferenced section\"] = 1,\n [\"Val\"] = 3,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7dbbdd594f-xclxt","timestamp":"20250405212257","ttl":2169436,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"WAV","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/WAV","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q217570","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q217570","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-12-30T14:26:10Z","dateModified":"2025-03-27T23:39:01Z","headline":"file format standard for storing audio on PCs"}</script> </body> </html>