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<span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moralizing_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moralizing_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Moralizing art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moralizing_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Harlot's_Progress_and_Rake's_Progress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Harlot's_Progress_and_Rake's_Progress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span><i>Harlot's Progress</i> and <i>Rake's Progress</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Harlot's_Progress_and_Rake's_Progress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriage_A-la-Mode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_A-la-Mode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span><i>Marriage A-la-Mode</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_A-la-Mode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industry_and_Idleness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry_and_Idleness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span><i>Industry and Idleness</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry_and_Idleness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Beer_Street_and_Gin_Lane" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beer_Street_and_Gin_Lane"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span><i>Beer Street</i> and <i>Gin Lane</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beer_Street_and_Gin_Lane-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.5</span> <span><i>The Four Stages of Cruelty</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portraits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portraits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Portraits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portraits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_subjects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_subjects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Historical subjects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_subjects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biblical_scenes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biblical_scenes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Biblical scenes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biblical_scenes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Gate_of_Calais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Gate_of_Calais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span><i>The Gate of Calais</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Gate_of_Calais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_later_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_later_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Other later works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_later_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Writing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Painter_and_engraver_of_modern_moral_subjects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Painter_and_engraver_of_modern_moral_subjects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Painter and engraver of modern moral subjects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Painter_and_engraver_of_modern_moral_subjects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parodic_borrowings_from_Old_Masters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parodic_borrowings_from_Old_Masters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Parodic borrowings from Old Masters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parodic_borrowings_from_Old_Masters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influence_and_reputation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influence_and_reputation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Influence and reputation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influence_and_reputation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selected_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Selected works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">William Hogarth</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 70 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="وليم هوجرت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وليم هوجرت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilyam_Hoqart" title="Vilyam Hoqart – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vilyam Hoqart" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Уильям Хогарт – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Уильям Хогарт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Уільям Хогарт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уільям Хогарт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8E%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Ўільям Гогарт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ўільям Гогарт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Уилям Хогарт – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уилям Хогарт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BC_%CE%A7%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B8" title="Ουίλλιαμ Χόγκαρθ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουίλλιαμ Χόγκαρθ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%87%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="ویلیام هوگارت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلیام هوگارت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%ED%98%B8%EA%B0%80%EC%8A%A4" title="윌리엄 호가스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윌리엄 호가스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A9" title="Ուիլյամ Հոգարթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուիլյամ Հոգարթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="विलियम होगार्थ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विलियम होगार्थ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5" title="উইলিয়াম হগার্থ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="উইলিয়াম হগার্থ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%AA" title="ויליאם הוגארת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויליאם הוגארת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ ჰოუგართი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უილიამ ჰოუგართი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Хогарт, Уильям – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Хогарт, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_Hogarth" title="Gulielmus Hogarth – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viljams_Hog%C4%81rts" title="Viljams Hogārts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Viljams Hogārts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="विलियम होगार्थ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="विलियम होगार्थ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Вилијам Хогарт – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Вилијам Хогарт" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8D" title="വില്യം ഹോഗാർഥ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വില്യം ഹോഗാർഥ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ ჰოუგართი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უილიამ ჰოუგართი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="وليم هوجرت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وليم هوجرت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B6_%E1%80%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%82%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ဝီလျံ ဟိုးဂတ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝီလျံ ဟိုးဂတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="विलियम होगार्थ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="विलियम होगार्थ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9B%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="ウィリアム・ホガース – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィリアム・ホガース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A5" title="ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਹੋਗਾਰਥ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਲੀਅਮ ਹੋਗਾਰਥ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Хогарт, Уильям – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хогарт, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Вилијам Хогарт – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вилијам Хогарт" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B9%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="வில்லியம் ஹோகார்த் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வில்லியம் ஹோகார்த்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%93%D0%BE%D2%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Вільям Гоґарт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вільям Гоґарт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="William Hogarth – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="William Hogarth" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%B4%BA%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF" title="威廉·贺加斯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="威廉·贺加斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E6%B5%A9%E5%98%89%E5%91%BC" title="威廉浩嘉呼 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="威廉浩嘉呼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%B4%BA%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF" title="威廉·贺加斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="威廉·贺加斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q171344#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/William_Hogarth" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:William_Hogarth" rel="discussion" 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Roman Catholic bishop, see <a href="/wiki/William_Hogarth_(bishop)" title="William Hogarth (bishop)">William Hogarth (bishop)</a>. For the scuba diver William Hogarth Main, see <a href="/wiki/Bill_Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Main">Bill Main</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">William Hogarth</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts">FRSA</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Painter_and_His_Pug_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/The_Painter_and_His_Pug_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/220px-The_Painter_and_His_Pug_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/The_Painter_and_His_Pug_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/330px-The_Painter_and_His_Pug_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/The_Painter_and_His_Pug_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/440px-The_Painter_and_His_Pug_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1177" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">William Hogarth, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Painter_and_his_Pug" class="mw-redirect" title="The Painter and his Pug">The Painter and his Pug</a></i>, 1745. Self-portrait with his pug, <a href="/wiki/Trump_(dog)" title="Trump (dog)">Trump</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a>, London.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1697-11-10</span>)</span>10 November 1697<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">26 October 1764<span style="display:none">(1764-10-26)</span> (aged 66)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">London, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/St_Nicholas_Church,_Chiswick" title="St Nicholas Church, Chiswick">St. Nicholas's Churchyard</a>, Church Street, <a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a>, London</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Painting" title="Painting">Painter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Engraver" class="mw-redirect" title="Engraver">engraver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satirist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Hogarth" title="Jane Hogarth">Jane Thornhill</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Patron(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Mary Edwards (1705–1743)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signatur_William_Hogarth.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Signatur_William_Hogarth.PNG/150px-Signatur_William_Hogarth.PNG" decoding="async" width="150" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Signatur_William_Hogarth.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="70" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>William Hogarth</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society_of_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts">FRSA</a></span></span> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ɑːr/: 'ar' in 'far'">ɑːr</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span></span>/</a></span></span>; 10 November 1697 – 26 October 1764) was an English painter, <a href="/wiki/Engraving" title="Engraving">engraver</a>, pictorial <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satirist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_criticism" title="Social criticism">social critic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Editorial_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Editorial cartoon">editorial cartoonist</a> and occasional writer on art. His work ranges from <a href="/wiki/Realism_(visual_arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Realism (visual arts)">realistic</a> portraiture to <a href="/wiki/Comic_strip" title="Comic strip">comic strip</a>-like series of pictures called "modern moral subjects",<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he is perhaps best known for his series <i><a href="/wiki/A_Harlot%27s_Progress" title="A Harlot's Progress">A Harlot's Progress</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="A Rake's Progress">A Rake's Progress</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode_(Hogarth)" title="Marriage A-la-Mode (Hogarth)">Marriage A-la-Mode</a></i>. Familiarity with his work is so widespread that satirical political illustrations in this style are often referred to as "Hogarthian".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hogarth was born in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> to a lower-middle-class family. In his youth he took up an <a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">apprenticeship</a> with an <a href="/wiki/Engraver" class="mw-redirect" title="Engraver">engraver</a>, but did not complete the apprenticeship. His father underwent periods of mixed fortune, and was at one time imprisoned in lieu of payment of outstanding debts, an event that is thought to have informed William's paintings and prints with a hard edge.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Influenced by French and Italian painting and engraving,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hogarth's works are mostly satirical caricatures, sometimes bawdily sexual,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mostly of the first rank of realistic portraiture. They became widely popular and mass-produced via prints in his lifetime, and he was by far the most significant English artist of his generation. <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lamb" title="Charles Lamb">Charles Lamb</a> deemed Hogarth's images to be books, filled with "the teeming, fruitful, suggestive meaning of words. Other pictures we look at; his pictures we read."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_by_Roubiliac,_1741,_National_Portrait_Gallery,_London.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/William_Hogarth_by_Roubiliac%2C_1741%2C_National_Portrait_Gallery%2C_London.JPG/170px-William_Hogarth_by_Roubiliac%2C_1741%2C_National_Portrait_Gallery%2C_London.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/William_Hogarth_by_Roubiliac%2C_1741%2C_National_Portrait_Gallery%2C_London.JPG/255px-William_Hogarth_by_Roubiliac%2C_1741%2C_National_Portrait_Gallery%2C_London.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/William_Hogarth_by_Roubiliac%2C_1741%2C_National_Portrait_Gallery%2C_London.JPG/340px-William_Hogarth_by_Roubiliac%2C_1741%2C_National_Portrait_Gallery%2C_London.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption><i>William Hogarth</i> by <a href="/wiki/Roubiliac" class="mw-redirect" title="Roubiliac">Roubiliac</a>, 1741, National Portrait Gallery, London</figcaption></figure> <p>William Hogarth was born at Bartholomew Close in London to Richard Hogarth, a poor <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> school teacher and textbook writer, and Anne Gibbons. In his youth he was apprenticed to the engraver Ellis Gamble in <a href="/wiki/Leicester_Fields" class="mw-redirect" title="Leicester Fields">Leicester Fields</a>, where he learned to engrave <a href="/wiki/Trade_card" title="Trade card">trade cards</a> and similar products.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Young Hogarth also took a lively interest in the street life of the metropolis and the London fairs, and amused himself by sketching the characters he saw. Around the same time, his father, who had opened an unsuccessful Latin-speaking <a href="/wiki/Coffee_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Coffee house">coffee house</a> at <a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Gate" class="mw-redirect" title="St John's Gate">St John's Gate</a>, was <a href="/wiki/Debtors%27_prison" title="Debtors' prison">imprisoned for debt</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Prison" title="Fleet Prison">Fleet Prison</a> for five years. Hogarth never spoke of his father's imprisonment.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1720, Hogarth enrolled at the original <a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_Lane_Academy" title="St Martin's Lane Academy">St Martin's Lane Academy</a> in Peter Court, London, which was run by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ch%C3%A9ron" title="Louis Chéron">Louis Chéron</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Vanderbank" title="John Vanderbank">John Vanderbank</a>. He attended alongside other future leading figures in art and design, such as <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Highmore" title="Joseph Highmore">Joseph Highmore</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Kent" title="William Kent">William Kent</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Pond" title="Arthur Pond">Arthur Pond</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the academy seems to have stopped operating in 1724, at around the same time that Vanderbank fled to France in order to avoid creditors. Hogarth recalled of the first incarnation of the academy: "this lasted a few years but the treasurer sinking the subscription money the lamp stove etc were seized for rent and the whole affair put a stop to."<sup id="cite_ref-:6_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hogarth then enrolled in another drawing school, in <a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a>, shortly after it opened in November 1724, which was run by <a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Thornhill" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir James Thornhill">Sir James Thornhill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serjeant_Painter" title="Serjeant Painter">serjeant painter</a> to <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain" title="George I of Great Britain">the king</a>. On Thornhill, Hogarth later claimed that, even as an apprentice, "the painting of St Pauls and gree[n]wich hospital ... were during this time runing in my head", referring to the massive schemes of decoration painted by Thornhill for the dome of <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Hospital,_London" title="Greenwich Hospital, London">Greenwich Hospital</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hogarth became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Rose_and_Crown_Club" title="Rose and Crown Club">Rose and Crown Club</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Peter_Tillemans" title="Peter Tillemans">Peter Tillemans</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Vertue" title="George Vertue">George Vertue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dahl" title="Michael Dahl">Michael Dahl</a>, and other artists and connoisseurs.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_William_Hogarth" title="List of works by William Hogarth">List of works by William Hogarth</a></div> <p>By April 1720, Hogarth was an <a href="/wiki/Engraver" class="mw-redirect" title="Engraver">engraver</a> in his own right, at first engraving coats of arms and shop bills and designing plates for booksellers. </p><p>In 1727, he was hired by Joshua Morris, a tapestry worker, to prepare a design for the <i>Element of Earth</i>. Morris heard that he was "an engraver, and no painter", and consequently declined the work when completed. Hogarth accordingly sued him for the money in the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Hall#Westminster_Hall" title="Westminster Hall">Westminster Court</a>, where the case was decided in his favour on 28 May 1728.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_works">Early works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_The_South_Sea_Scheme.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/William_Hogarth_-_The_South_Sea_Scheme.png/280px-William_Hogarth_-_The_South_Sea_Scheme.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/William_Hogarth_-_The_South_Sea_Scheme.png/420px-William_Hogarth_-_The_South_Sea_Scheme.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/William_Hogarth_-_The_South_Sea_Scheme.png/560px-William_Hogarth_-_The_South_Sea_Scheme.png 2x" data-file-width="2524" data-file-height="2102" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Emblematical_Print_on_the_South_Sea_Scheme" title="Emblematical Print on the South Sea Scheme">Emblematical Print on the South Sea Scheme</a></i>, 1721</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HogarthWanstead.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5b/HogarthWanstead.jpg/280px-HogarthWanstead.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5b/HogarthWanstead.jpg/420px-HogarthWanstead.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5b/HogarthWanstead.jpg/560px-HogarthWanstead.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="834" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Assembly_at_Wanstead_House" title="The Assembly at Wanstead House">The Assembly at Wanstead House</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Child,_1st_Earl_Tylney" title="Richard Child, 1st Earl Tylney">Earl Tylney</a> and family in foreground</figcaption></figure> <p>Early satirical works included an <i><a href="/wiki/Emblematical_Print_on_the_South_Sea_Scheme" title="Emblematical Print on the South Sea Scheme">Emblematical Print on the South Sea Scheme</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1721</span>, published 1724), about the disastrous stock market crash of 1720, known as the <a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Bubble" class="mw-redirect" title="South Sea Bubble">South Sea Bubble</a>, in which many English people lost a great deal of money. In the bottom left corner, he shows <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> figures gambling, while in the middle there is a huge machine, like a merry-go-round, which people are boarding. At the top is a goat, written below which is "Who'l Ride". The people are scattered around the picture with a <a href="/wiki/Willy-nilly_(idiom)" title="Willy-nilly (idiom)">sense of disorder</a>, while the progress of the well dressed people towards the ride in the middle shows the foolishness of the crowd in buying stock in the <a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Company" title="South Sea Company">South Sea Company</a>, which spent more time issuing stock than anything else.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other early works include <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Lottery_(1724)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Lottery (1724) (page does not exist)"><i>The Lottery</i> (1724)</a>; <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Mystery_of_Masonry_brought_to_Light_by_the_Gormagons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Mystery of Masonry brought to Light by the Gormagons (page does not exist)">The Mystery of Masonry brought to Light by the Gormagons</a></i> (1724); <i><a href="/wiki/A_Just_View_of_the_British_Stage" title="A Just View of the British Stage">A Just View of the British Stage</a></i> (1724); some book illustrations; and the small print <i><a href="/wiki/Masquerades_and_Operas" class="mw-redirect" title="Masquerades and Operas">Masquerades and Operas</a></i> (1724). The latter is a satire on contemporary follies, such as the <a href="/wiki/Masquerade_ball" title="Masquerade ball">masquerades</a> of the Swiss impresario <a href="/wiki/John_James_Heidegger" title="John James Heidegger">John James Heidegger</a>, the popular Italian <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera singers</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Rich_(producer)" title="John Rich (producer)">John Rich</a>'s pantomimes at <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields" title="Lincoln's Inn Fields">Lincoln's Inn Fields</a>, and the exaggerated popularity of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Boyle,_3rd_Earl_of_Burlington" title="Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington">Lord Burlington</a>'s protégé, the architect and painter <a href="/wiki/William_Kent" title="William Kent">William Kent</a>. He continued that theme in 1727, with the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Large_Masquerade_Ticket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Large Masquerade Ticket (page does not exist)">Large Masquerade Ticket</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/William_Hogarth_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-William_Hogarth_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/William_Hogarth_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-William_Hogarth_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/William_Hogarth_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-William_Hogarth_-_Self-Portrait_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4689" data-file-height="5037" /></a><figcaption><i>Self-Portrait</i> by Hogarth, ca. 1735, <a href="/wiki/Yale_Center_for_British_Art" title="Yale Center for British Art">Yale Center for British Art</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hudibras_Triumphant_-_William_Hogarth_-_50-1929-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An engraving depicting Hudibras overcoming a fiddle player and placing him in the stocks. Above the stocks, the fiddle and its case are displayed." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hudibras_Triumphant_-_William_Hogarth_-_50-1929-10.jpg/220px-Hudibras_Triumphant_-_William_Hogarth_-_50-1929-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hudibras_Triumphant_-_William_Hogarth_-_50-1929-10.jpg/330px-Hudibras_Triumphant_-_William_Hogarth_-_50-1929-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hudibras_Triumphant_-_William_Hogarth_-_50-1929-10.jpg/440px-Hudibras_Triumphant_-_William_Hogarth_-_50-1929-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="1901" /></a><figcaption>Hudibras Triumphant, one of the twelve engravings illustrating the adventures of Hudibras, a bumbling adventurer from Samuel Butler's mock-heroic poem.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1726, Hogarth prepared twelve large engravings illustrating <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Butler_(1612%E2%80%931680)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel Butler (1612–1680)">Samuel Butler</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Hudibras" title="Hudibras">Hudibras</a></i>. These he himself valued highly, and they are among his best early works, though they are based on small book illustrations. </p><p>In the following years, he turned his attention to the production of small "<a href="/wiki/Conversation_piece_(paintings)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conversation piece (paintings)">conversation pieces</a>" (i.e., groups in oil of full-length portraits from 12 to 15 inches (300 to 380 mm) high. Among his efforts in oil between 1728 and 1732 were <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Fountaine_Family&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Fountaine Family (page does not exist)">The Fountaine Family</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1730</span>), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Assembly_at_Wanstead_House" title="The Assembly at Wanstead House">The Assembly at Wanstead House</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_House_of_Commons_examining_Bambridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The House of Commons examining Bambridge (page does not exist)">The House of Commons examining Bambridge</a></i>, and several pictures of the chief actors in <a href="/wiki/John_Gay" title="John Gay">John Gay</a>'s popular <i><a href="/wiki/The_Beggar%27s_Opera" title="The Beggar's Opera">The Beggar's Opera</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of his real-life subjects was <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Malcolm" title="Sarah Malcolm">Sarah Malcolm</a>, whom he sketched two days before her execution.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of Hogarth's masterpieces of this period is the depiction of an amateur performance by children of <a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">John Dryden</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Emperour" title="The Indian Emperour">The Indian Emperour, or The Conquest of Mexico by Spaniards, being the Sequel of The Indian Queen</a></i> (1732–1735) at the home of <a href="/wiki/John_Conduitt" title="John Conduitt">John Conduitt</a>, master of the mint, in St George's Street, <a href="/wiki/Hanover_Square,_Westminster" title="Hanover Square, Westminster">Hanover Square</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hogarth's other works in the 1730s include <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Midnight_Modern_Conversation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Midnight Modern Conversation (page does not exist)">A Midnight Modern Conversation</a></i> (1733),<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southwark_Fair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southwark Fair (page does not exist)">Southwark Fair</a></i> (1733),<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Sleeping_Congregation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Sleeping Congregation (page does not exist)">The Sleeping Congregation</a></i> (1736),<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Before_and_After_(Hogarth)" title="Before and After (Hogarth)"><i>Before</i> and <i>After</i></a> (1736), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scholars_at_a_Lecture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scholars at a Lecture (page does not exist)">Scholars at a Lecture</a></i> (1736), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Company_of_Undertakers" title="The Company of Undertakers">The Company of Undertakers</a></i> (1736), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Distrest_Poet" title="The Distrest Poet">The Distrest Poet</a></i> (1736), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Times_of_the_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="The Four Times of the Day">The Four Times of the Day</a></i> (1738),<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Strolling_Actresses_Dressing_in_a_Barn" title="Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn">Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn</a></i> (1738).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He may also have printed <i>Burlington Gate</i> (1731), evoked by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pope" title="Alexander Pope">Alexander Pope</a>'s Epistle to <a href="/wiki/Richard_Boyle,_3rd_Earl_of_Burlington" title="Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington">Lord Burlington</a>, and defending Lord Chandos, who is therein satirized. This print gave great offence, and was suppressed. However, modern authorities such as <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Paulson" title="Ronald Paulson">Ronald Paulson</a> no longer attribute it to Hogarth.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moralizing_art">Moralizing art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Moralizing art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Harlot's_Progress_and_Rake's_Progress"><span id="Harlot.27s_Progress_and_Rake.27s_Progress"></span><i>Harlot's Progress</i> and <i>Rake's Progress</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Harlot's Progress and Rake's Progress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Rake%27s_Progress_8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/The_Rake%27s_Progress_8.jpg/220px-The_Rake%27s_Progress_8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/The_Rake%27s_Progress_8.jpg/330px-The_Rake%27s_Progress_8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/The_Rake%27s_Progress_8.jpg/440px-The_Rake%27s_Progress_8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2042" data-file-height="1782" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="A Rake's Progress">A Rake's Progress</a></i>, Plate 8, 1735, and retouched by Hogarth in 1763 by adding the Britannia emblem<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1731, Hogarth completed the earliest of his series of moral works, a body of work that led to wide recognition. The collection of six scenes was entitled <i><a href="/wiki/A_Harlot%27s_Progress" title="A Harlot's Progress">A Harlot's Progress</a></i> and appeared first as paintings (now lost)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before being published as engravings.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>A Harlot's Progress</i> depicts the fate of a country girl who begins prostituting – the six scenes are chronological, starting with a meeting with a <a href="/wiki/Madam_(prostitution)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madam (prostitution)">bawd</a> and ending with a funeral ceremony that follows the character's death from <a href="/wiki/Venereal_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Venereal disease">venereal disease</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The inaugural series was an immediate success and was followed in 1733–1735 by the sequel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="A Rake's Progress">A Rake's Progress</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second instalment consisted of eight pictures that depicted the reckless life of Tom Rakewell, the son of a rich merchant, who spends all of his money on luxurious living, services from prostitutes, and gambling – the character's life ultimately ends in <a href="/wiki/Bethlem_Royal_Hospital" title="Bethlem Royal Hospital">Bethlem Royal Hospital</a>. The original paintings of <i>A Harlot's Progress</i> were destroyed in the fire at <a href="/wiki/Fonthill_Abbey" title="Fonthill Abbey">Fonthill House</a> in 1755; the oil paintings of <i>A Rake's Progress</i> (1733–34) are displayed in the gallery room at <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Soane%27s_Museum" title="Sir John Soane's Museum">Sir John Soane's Museum</a>, London, UK.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the success of <i>A Harlot's Progress</i> and <i>A Rake's Progress</i> resulted in numerous pirated reproductions by unscrupulous printsellers, Hogarth lobbied in parliament for greater legal control over the reproduction of his and other artists' work. The result was the <a href="/wiki/Engraving_Copyright_Act_1734" title="Engraving Copyright Act 1734">Engravers' Copyright Act</a> (known as 'Hogarth's Act'), which became law on 25 June 1735 and was the first copyright law to deal with visual works as well as the first to recognise the authorial rights of an individual artist.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Marriage_A-la-Mode"><i>Marriage A-la-Mode</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Marriage A-la-Mode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marriage_A-la-Mode_4,_The_Toilette_-_William_Hogarth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Marriage_A-la-Mode_4%2C_The_Toilette_-_William_Hogarth.jpg/220px-Marriage_A-la-Mode_4%2C_The_Toilette_-_William_Hogarth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Marriage_A-la-Mode_4%2C_The_Toilette_-_William_Hogarth.jpg/330px-Marriage_A-la-Mode_4%2C_The_Toilette_-_William_Hogarth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Marriage_A-la-Mode_4%2C_The_Toilette_-_William_Hogarth.jpg/440px-Marriage_A-la-Mode_4%2C_The_Toilette_-_William_Hogarth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5547" data-file-height="4226" /></a><figcaption><i>Marriage à-la-mode</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_%C3%A0-la-mode:_4._The_Toilette" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriage à-la-mode: 4. The Toilette">After the old Earl's funeral</a></i> (scene four of six)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1743–1745, Hogarth painted the six pictures of <i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode_(Hogarth)" title="Marriage A-la-Mode (Hogarth)">Marriage A-la-Mode</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/National_Gallery,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery, London">National Gallery, London</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a pointed skewering of upper-class 18th-century society. An engraved version of the same series, produced by French engravers, appeared in 1745.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This moralistic warning shows the miserable tragedy of an ill-considered marriage for money. This is regarded by many as his finest project and may be among his best-planned story serials. </p><p>Marital ethics were the topic of much debate in 18th-century Britain. The many marriages of convenience and their attendant unhappiness came in for particular criticism, with a variety of authors taking the view that love was a much sounder basis for marriage. Hogarth here painted a satire – a genre that by definition has a moral point to convey – of a conventional marriage within the English upper class. All the paintings were engraved and the series achieved wide circulation in print form. The series, which is set in a Classical interior, shows the story of the fashionable marriage of Viscount Squanderfield, the son of bankrupt Earl Squander, to the daughter of a wealthy but miserly city merchant, starting with the signing of a marriage contract at the Earl's grand house and ending with the murder of the son by his wife's lover and the suicide of the daughter after her lover is hanged at <a href="/wiki/Tyburn,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyburn, London">Tyburn</a> for murdering her husband. </p> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Makepeace_Thackeray" title="William Makepeace Thackeray">William Makepeace Thackeray</a> wrote: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>This famous set of pictures contains the most important and highly wrought of the Hogarth comedies. The care and method with which the moral grounds of these pictures are laid is as remarkable as the wit and skill of the observing and dexterous artist. He has to describe the negotiations for a marriage pending between the daughter of a rich citizen Alderman and young Lord Viscount Squanderfield, the dissipated son of a gouty old Earl ... The dismal end is known. My lord draws upon the counsellor, who kills him, and is apprehended while endeavouring to escape. My lady goes back perforce to the Alderman of the City, and faints upon reading Counsellor Silvertongue's dying speech at Tyburn (place of execution in old London), where the counsellor has been 'executed for sending his lordship out of the world. Moral: don't listen to evil silver-tongued counsellors; don't marry a man for his rank, or a woman for her money; don't frequent foolish auctions and masquerade balls unknown to your husband; don't have wicked companions abroad and neglect your wife, otherwise you will be run through the body, and ruin will ensue, and disgrace, and Tyburn.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Industry_and_Idleness"><i>Industry and Idleness</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Industry and Idleness"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness,_Plate_1;_The_Fellow_%27Prentices_at_their_Looms.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_1%3B_The_Fellow_%27Prentices_at_their_Looms.png/220px-William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_1%3B_The_Fellow_%27Prentices_at_their_Looms.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_1%3B_The_Fellow_%27Prentices_at_their_Looms.png/330px-William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_1%3B_The_Fellow_%27Prentices_at_their_Looms.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_1%3B_The_Fellow_%27Prentices_at_their_Looms.png/440px-William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_1%3B_The_Fellow_%27Prentices_at_their_Looms.png 2x" data-file-width="2574" data-file-height="2028" /></a><figcaption><i>Industry and Idleness</i> Plate 1, The Fellow 'Prentices at their Looms</figcaption></figure> <p>In the twelve prints of <i><a href="/wiki/Industry_and_Idleness" title="Industry and Idleness">Industry and Idleness</a></i> (1747),<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hogarth shows the progression in the lives of two <a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">apprentices</a>, one of whom is dedicated and hard working, while the other, who is idle, commits crime and is eventually executed. This shows the work ethic of <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> England, where those who worked hard were rewarded, such as the industrious apprentice who becomes <a href="/wiki/Sheriff_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheriff of London">Sheriff</a> (plate 8), <a href="/wiki/Alderman" title="Alderman">Alderman</a> (plate 10), and finally the <a href="/wiki/Sheriffs_of_the_City_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheriffs of the City of London">Lord Mayor</a> of London in the last plate in the series. The idle apprentice, who begins "at play in the church yard" (plate 3), holes up "in a Garrett with a Common Prostitute" after turning <a href="/wiki/Highwayman" title="Highwayman">highwayman</a> (plate 7) and "executed at Tyburn" (plate 11). The idle apprentice is sent to the <a href="/wiki/Gallows" title="Gallows">gallows</a> by the industrious apprentice himself. For each plate, there is at least one passage from the Bible at the bottom, mostly from the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs" title="Book of Proverbs">Book of Proverbs</a>, such as for the first plate: </p> <dl><dd>"Industry and Idleness, shown here, 'Proverbs Ch:10 Ver:4 The hand of the diligent maketh rich.'"</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Beer_Street_and_Gin_Lane"><i>Beer Street</i> and <i>Gin Lane</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Beer Street and Gin Lane"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beer_Street_MET_DP825287.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Beer_Street_MET_DP825287.jpg/220px-Beer_Street_MET_DP825287.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Beer_Street_MET_DP825287.jpg/330px-Beer_Street_MET_DP825287.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Beer_Street_MET_DP825287.jpg/440px-Beer_Street_MET_DP825287.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3101" data-file-height="3734" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Beer_Street_and_Gin_Lane#Beer_Street" title="Beer Street and Gin Lane">Beer Street</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>Later prints of significance include his pictorial warning of the consequences of alcoholism in <a href="/wiki/Beer_Street_and_Gin_Lane" title="Beer Street and Gin Lane"><i>Beer Street</i> and <i>Gin Lane</i></a> (1751).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hogarth engraved <i>Beer Street</i> to show a happy city drinking the 'good' beverage, <a href="/wiki/English_beer" class="mw-redirect" title="English beer">English beer</a>, in contrast to <i>Gin Lane</i>, in which the effects of drinking gin are shown – as a more potent liquor, gin caused more problems for society.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There had been a sharp increase in the popularity of gin at this time, which was called the '<a href="/wiki/Gin_Craze" title="Gin Craze">Gin Craze</a>.' It started in the early 18th century, after a series of legislative actions in the late 17th century impacted the importation and manufacturing of alcohol in London. Among these, were the <a href="/wiki/Prohibition_of_1678" title="Prohibition of 1678">Prohibition of 1678</a>, which barred popular French brandy imports, and the forced disbandment, in 1690, of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Guild_of_Distillers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="London Guild of Distillers (page does not exist)">London Guild of Distillers</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose members had previously been the only legal manufacturers of alcohol, leading to an increase in the production and then consumption of domestic gin.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>Beer Street</i>, people are shown as healthy, happy and prosperous, while in <i>Gin Lane</i>, they are scrawny, lazy and careless. The woman at the front of <i>Gin Lane</i>, who lets her baby fall to its death, echoes the tale of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_Dufour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith Dufour (page does not exist)">Judith Dufour</a>, who strangled her baby so she could sell its clothes for gin money.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prints were published in support of the <a href="/wiki/Gin_Act_1751" title="Gin Act 1751">Gin Act 1751</a>. </p><p>Hogarth's friend, the magistrate <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fielding" title="Henry Fielding">Henry Fielding</a>, may have enlisted Hogarth to help with propaganda for the Gin Act; <i>Beer Street</i> and <i>Gin Lane</i> were issued shortly after his work <i>An Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers, and Related Writings</i>, and addressed the same issues.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty"><i>The Four Stages of Cruelty</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: The Four Stages of Cruelty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_First_Stage_of_Cruelty_(The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty)_MET_DP835381.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/The_First_Stage_of_Cruelty_%28The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty%29_MET_DP835381.jpg/220px-The_First_Stage_of_Cruelty_%28The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty%29_MET_DP835381.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/The_First_Stage_of_Cruelty_%28The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty%29_MET_DP835381.jpg/330px-The_First_Stage_of_Cruelty_%28The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty%29_MET_DP835381.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/The_First_Stage_of_Cruelty_%28The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty%29_MET_DP835381.jpg/440px-The_First_Stage_of_Cruelty_%28The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty%29_MET_DP835381.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3078" data-file-height="3658" /></a><figcaption><i>First Stage of Cruelty</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Other prints were his outcry against inhumanity in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty" title="The Four Stages of Cruelty">The Four Stages of Cruelty</a></i> (published 21 February 1751),<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which Hogarth depicts the cruel treatment of animals which he saw around him and suggests what will happen to people who carry on in this manner. In the first print, there are scenes of boys torturing dogs, cats and other animals. It centers around a poorly dressed boy committing a violent act of torture upon a dog, while being pleaded with to stop, and offered food, by another well-dressed boy. A boy behind them has graffitied a <a href="/wiki/Hanged" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanged">hanged</a> stickman figure upon a wall, with the name "Tom Nero" underneath, and is pointing to this dog torturer. </p><p>The second shows Tom Nero has grown up to become a <a href="/wiki/Hackney_coach" class="mw-redirect" title="Hackney coach">Hackney coach</a> driver. His coach has overturned with a heavy load and his horse is lying on the ground, having broken its leg. He is beating it with the handle of his whip; its eye severely wounded. Other people around him are seen abusing their work animals and livestock, and a child is being run over by the wheel of a <a href="/wiki/Brewer%27s_dray" class="mw-redirect" title="Brewer's dray">dray</a>, as the <a href="/wiki/Drayman" title="Drayman">drayman</a> dozes off on the job. </p><p>In the third print, Tom is shown to be a murderer, surrounded by a mob of accusers. The woman he has apparently killed is lying on the ground, brutally slain, with a trunk and sack of stolen goods near by. One of the accusers holds a letter from the woman to Tom, speaking of how wronging her mistress upsets her conscience, but that she is resolved to do as he would have her, closing with: "I remain yours till death." </p><p>The fourth, titled <i>The Reward of Cruelty</i>, shows Tom's withering corpse being publicly dissected by scientists after his execution by hanging; a noose still around his neck. The dissection reflects the <a href="/wiki/Murder_Act_1751" title="Murder Act 1751">Murder Act 1751</a>, which allowed for the public dissection of criminals who had been hanged for murder. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portraits">Portraits</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Portraits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_as_Richard_III_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_as_Richard_III_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_as_Richard_III_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_as_Richard_III_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_as_Richard_III_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_as_Richard_III_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_as_Richard_III_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4909" data-file-height="3727" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a> as Richard III, 1745</figcaption></figure> <p>Hogarth was also a popular <a href="/wiki/Portrait_painter" class="mw-redirect" title="Portrait painter">portrait painter</a>. In 1745, he painted actor <a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a> as <a href="/wiki/Richard_III_(play)" title="Richard III (play)">Richard III</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for which he was paid £200, "which was more", he wrote, "than any English artist ever received for a single portrait." With this picture Hogarth established the genre of theatrical portraiture as a distinctively British kind of history painting.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1746, a sketch of <a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser,_11th_Lord_Lovat" title="Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat">Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat</a>, afterwards beheaded on Tower Hill, had an exceptional success when turned into an etching.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth,_William_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hogarth%2C_William_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Hogarth%2C_William_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hogarth%2C_William_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Hogarth%2C_William_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Hogarth%2C_William_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Hogarth%2C_William_-_Portrait_of_a_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3963" data-file-height="4725" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of a Man, 1741</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1740,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he created a truthful, vivid full-length portrait of his friend, the philanthropic <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coram" title="Thomas Coram">Captain Coram</a>, for the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coram_Foundation_for_Children" title="Thomas Coram Foundation for Children">Thomas Coram Foundation for Children</a>, now in the <a href="/wiki/Foundling_Museum" title="Foundling Museum">Foundling Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This portrait, and his unfinished oil sketch of a young fishwoman, entitled <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrimp_Girl" title="The Shrimp Girl">The Shrimp Girl</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/National_Gallery,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery, London">National Gallery, London</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> may be called masterpieces of <a href="/wiki/British_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="British painting">British painting</a>. There are also portraits of his wife, his two sisters, and of many other people; among them Bishop <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Hoadly" title="Benjamin Hoadly">Hoadly</a> and Bishop <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Herring" title="Thomas Herring">Herring</a>. The engraved portrait of <a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes" title="John Wilkes">John Wilkes</a> was a bestseller.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_subjects">Historical subjects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Historical subjects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For a long period, during the mid-18th century, Hogarth tried to achieve the status of a <a href="/wiki/History_painter" class="mw-redirect" title="History painter">history painter</a>, but did not earn much respect in this field. The painter, and later founder of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Arts" title="Royal Academy of Arts">Royal Academy of Arts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a>, was highly critical of Hogarth's style and work. According to art historian <a href="/wiki/David_Bindman" title="David Bindman">David Bindman</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Dr_Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr Johnson">Dr Johnson</a>'s serial of essays for London's <i>Universal Chronicle</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Idler_(1758%E2%80%9360)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Idler (1758–60)">The Idler</a></i>, the three essays written by Reynolds for the months of September through November 1759 are directed at Hogarth. In them, Reynolds argues that this "connoisseur" has a "servile attention to minute exactness" and questions their idea of the imitation of nature as "the obvious sense, that objects are represented naturally when they have such relief that they seem real." Reynolds rejected "this kind of imitation", favouring the "grand style of painting" which avoids "minute attention" to the visible world.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Reynolds' <i>Discourse XIV</i>, he grants Hogarth has "extraordinary talents", but reproaches him for "very imprudently, or rather presumptuously, attempt[ing] the great historical style."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Writer, art historian and politician, <a href="/wiki/Horace_Walpole" title="Horace Walpole">Horace Walpole</a>, was also critical of Hogarth as a history painter, but did find value in his satirical prints.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Biblical_scenes">Biblical scenes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Biblical scenes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hogarth's history pictures include <i>The Pool of Bethesda</i> and <i>The Good Samaritan</i>, executed in 1736–1737 for <a href="/wiki/St_Bartholomew%27s_Hospital" title="St Bartholomew's Hospital">St Bartholomew's Hospital</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Moses brought before Pharaoh's Daughter</i>, painted for the <a href="/wiki/Foundling_Hospital" title="Foundling Hospital">Foundling Hospital</a> (1747, formerly at the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coram_Foundation_for_Children" title="Thomas Coram Foundation for Children">Thomas Coram Foundation for Children</a>, now in the <a href="/wiki/Foundling_Museum" title="Foundling Museum">Foundling Museum</a>);<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Paul before Felix</i> (1748) at <a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn" title="Lincoln's Inn">Lincoln's Inn</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his altarpiece for <a href="/wiki/St._Mary_Redcliffe" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Mary Redcliffe">St. Mary Redcliffe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> (1755–56).<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Gate_of_Calais"><i>The Gate of Calais</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: The Gate of Calais"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gate_of_Calais" title="The Gate of Calais">The Gate of Calais</a></i> (1748; now in <a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a>) was produced soon after his return from a visit to France.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Horace_Walpole" title="Horace Walpole">Horace Walpole</a> wrote that Hogarth had run a great risk to go there since the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Aix-la-Chapelle_(1748)" title="Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748)">peace of Aix-la-Chapelle</a>. </p><p>Back home, he immediately executed a painting of the subject in which he unkindly represented his enemies, the Frenchmen, as cringing, emaciated and superstitious people, while an enormous sirloin of beef arrives, destined for the English inn as a symbol of British prosperity and superiority. He claimed to have painted himself into the picture in the left corner sketching the gate, with a "soldier's hand upon my shoulder", running him in.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_later_works">Other later works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other later works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_(1717-79)_with_his_wife_Eva-Maria_Veigel,_%22La_Violette%22_or_%22Violetti%22_(1725_-_1822)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_%281717-79%29_with_his_wife_Eva-Maria_Veigel%2C_%22La_Violette%22_or_%22Violetti%22_%281725_-_1822%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_%281717-79%29_with_his_wife_Eva-Maria_Veigel%2C_%22La_Violette%22_or_%22Violetti%22_%281725_-_1822%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_%281717-79%29_with_his_wife_Eva-Maria_Veigel%2C_%22La_Violette%22_or_%22Violetti%22_%281725_-_1822%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_%281717-79%29_with_his_wife_Eva-Maria_Veigel%2C_%22La_Violette%22_or_%22Violetti%22_%281725_-_1822%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_%281717-79%29_with_his_wife_Eva-Maria_Veigel%2C_%22La_Violette%22_or_%22Violetti%22_%281725_-_1822%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-William_Hogarth_-_David_Garrick_%281717-79%29_with_his_wife_Eva-Maria_Veigel%2C_%22La_Violette%22_or_%22Violetti%22_%281725_-_1822%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3870" data-file-height="4862" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Eva_Marie_Veigel" title="Eva Marie Veigel">Eva Marie Veigel</a>, c. 1757–1764, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Collection" title="Royal Collection">Royal Collection</a> at <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Notable Hogarth engravings in the 1740s include <i><a href="/wiki/The_Enraged_Musician" title="The Enraged Musician">The Enraged Musician</a></i> (1741), the six prints of <i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_%C3%A0-la-mode_(Hogarth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriage à-la-mode (Hogarth)">Marriage à-la-mode</a></i> (1745; executed by French artists under Hogarth's inspection), and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Stage_Coach_or_The_Country_Inn_Yard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Stage Coach or The Country Inn Yard (page does not exist)">The Stage Coach or The Country Inn Yard</a></i> (1747).<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1745, Hogarth painted a self-portrait with his pug dog, <a href="/wiki/Trump_(dog)" title="Trump (dog)">Trump</a> (now also in <a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a>), which shows him as a learned artist supported by volumes of <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">Milton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Swift" title="Jonathan Swift">Swift</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1749, he represented the somewhat disorderly English troops on their <i><a href="/wiki/March_of_the_Guards_to_Finchley" class="mw-redirect" title="March of the Guards to Finchley">March of the Guards to Finchley</a></i> (formerly located in <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coram_Foundation_for_Children" title="Thomas Coram Foundation for Children">Thomas Coram Foundation for Children</a>, now <a href="/wiki/Foundling_Museum" title="Foundling Museum">Foundling Museum</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Others works included his ingenious <i><a href="/wiki/Satire_on_False_Perspective" title="Satire on False Perspective">Satire on False Perspective</a></i> (1754);<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his satire on canvassing in his <i><a href="/wiki/Humours_of_an_Election" title="Humours of an Election">Election</a></i> series (1755–1758; now in <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Soane%27s_Museum" title="Sir John Soane's Museum">Sir John Soane's Museum</a>);<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his ridicule of the English passion for <a href="/wiki/Cockfighting" title="Cockfighting">cockfighting</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Cockpit_(1759)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Cockpit (1759) (page does not exist)"><i>The Cockpit</i> (1759)</a>; his attack on <a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodism</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Credulity,_Superstition,_and_Fanaticism" title="Credulity, Superstition, and Fanaticism">Credulity, Superstition, and Fanaticism</a></i> (1762);<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> his political anti-war satire in <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Times,_plate_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Times, plate I (page does not exist)"><i>The Times</i>, plate I</a> (1762);<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his pessimistic view of all things in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tailpiece,_or_The_Bathos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tailpiece, or The Bathos (page does not exist)">Tailpiece, or The Bathos</a></i> (1764).<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1757, Hogarth was appointed <a href="/wiki/Serjeant_Painter" title="Serjeant Painter">Serjeant Painter</a> to the King.<sup id="cite_ref-RP_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RP-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing">Writing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Analysis_of_Beauty_Plate_1_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Analysis_of_Beauty_Plate_1_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/220px-Analysis_of_Beauty_Plate_1_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Analysis_of_Beauty_Plate_1_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/330px-Analysis_of_Beauty_Plate_1_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Analysis_of_Beauty_Plate_1_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/440px-Analysis_of_Beauty_Plate_1_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3726" data-file-height="2869" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Analysis_of_Beauty" title="The Analysis of Beauty">The Analysis of Beauty</a></i> plate 1 (1753)</figcaption></figure> <p>Hogarth wrote and published his ideas of artistic design in his book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Analysis_of_Beauty" title="The Analysis of Beauty">The Analysis of Beauty</a></i> (1753).<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In it, he professes to define the principles of beauty and grace which he, a real child of <a href="/wiki/Rococo" title="Rococo">Rococo</a>, saw realized in serpentine lines (the <a href="/wiki/Line_of_Beauty" class="mw-redirect" title="Line of Beauty">Line of Beauty</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By some of Hogarth's adherents, the book was praised as a fine deliverance upon aesthetics; by his enemies and rivals, its obscurities and minor errors were made the subject of endless ridicule and caricature.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sandby" title="Paul Sandby">Paul Sandby</a> produced several caricatures against Hogarth's treatise.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hogarth wrote also a manuscript called <i>Apology for Painters</i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1761</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and unpublished "autobiographical notes".<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Painter_and_engraver_of_modern_moral_subjects">Painter and engraver of modern moral subjects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Painter and engraver of modern moral subjects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hogarth lived in an age when artwork became increasingly commercialized, being viewed in shop windows, <a href="/wiki/Tavern" title="Tavern">taverns</a>, and public buildings, and sold in <a href="/wiki/Old_master_print" title="Old master print">printshops</a>. Old hierarchies broke down, and new forms began to flourish: the <a href="/wiki/Ballad_opera" title="Ballad opera">ballad opera</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bourgeois_tragedy" title="Bourgeois tragedy">bourgeois tragedy</a>, and especially, a new form of <a href="/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction">fiction</a> called the <a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">novel</a> with which authors such as <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fielding" title="Henry Fielding">Henry Fielding</a> had great success. Therefore, by that time, Hogarth hit on a new idea: "painting and engraving modern moral subjects ... to treat my subjects as a dramatic writer; my picture was my stage", as he himself remarked in his manuscript notes. </p><p>He drew from the highly moralizing <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> tradition of Dutch <a href="/wiki/Genre_painting" title="Genre painting">genre painting</a>, and the very vigorous satirical traditions of the English <a href="/wiki/Broadsheet" title="Broadsheet">broadsheet</a> and other types of popular print. In England the fine arts had little comedy in them before Hogarth. His prints were expensive, and remained so until early 19th-century reprints brought them to a wider audience. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parodic_borrowings_from_Old_Masters">Parodic borrowings from Old Masters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Parodic borrowings from Old Masters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When analysing the work of the artist as a whole, <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Paulson" title="Ronald Paulson">Ronald Paulson</a> says, "In <i><a href="/wiki/A_Harlot%27s_Progress" title="A Harlot's Progress">A Harlot's Progress</a></i>, every single plate but one is based on <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Dürer</a>'s images of the story of the <a href="/wiki/Mary,_the_mother_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary, the mother of Jesus">Virgin</a> and the story of the <a href="/wiki/Passion_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passion (Christianity)">Passion</a>." In other works, he parodies <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Last_Supper_(Leonardo)" title="The Last Supper (Leonardo)">Last Supper</a>. According to Paulson, Hogarth is subverting the religious establishment and the orthodox belief in an immanent <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> who intervenes in the lives of people and produces <a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">miracles</a>. Indeed, Hogarth was a <a href="/wiki/Deist" class="mw-redirect" title="Deist">Deist</a>, a believer in a God who created the universe but takes no direct hand in the lives of his creations. Thus, as a "comic history painter", he often poked fun at the old-fashioned, "beaten" subjects of religious art in his paintings and prints. Hogarth also rejected <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ashley_Cooper,_3rd_Earl_of_Shaftesbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury">Lord Shaftesbury</a>'s then-current ideal of the <a href="/wiki/Art_in_ancient_Greece#Classical" class="mw-redirect" title="Art in ancient Greece">classical Greek</a> male in favour of the living, breathing female. He said, "Who but a bigot, even to the <a href="/wiki/Antiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiques">antiques</a>, will say that he has not seen faces and necks, hands and arms in living women, that even the Grecian <a href="/wiki/Venus_(goddess)" class="mw-redirect" title="Venus (goddess)">Venus</a> doth but coarsely imitate." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Mary%27s_Church,_Paddington_Green,_W2_-_geograph.org.uk_-_351966.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Paddington_Green%2C_W2_-_geograph.org.uk_-_351966.jpg/220px-St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Paddington_Green%2C_W2_-_geograph.org.uk_-_351966.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Paddington_Green%2C_W2_-_geograph.org.uk_-_351966.jpg/330px-St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Paddington_Green%2C_W2_-_geograph.org.uk_-_351966.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Paddington_Green%2C_W2_-_geograph.org.uk_-_351966.jpg/440px-St_Mary%27s_Church%2C_Paddington_Green%2C_W2_-_geograph.org.uk_-_351966.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="522" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St_Mary_on_Paddington_Green_Church" title="St Mary on Paddington Green Church">St Mary on Paddington Green Church</a>, London. William Hogarth and Jane Thornhill eloped here, in 1729, in a previous incarnation of the church building.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 23 March 1729, Hogarth eloped with <a href="/wiki/Jane_Hogarth" title="Jane Hogarth">Jane Thornhill</a> at <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_on_Paddington_Green_Church" title="St Mary on Paddington Green Church">Paddington Church</a>, against the wishes of her father, the artist Sir <a href="/wiki/James_Thornhill" title="James Thornhill">James Thornhill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jane-Thornhill-Mrs.-William-Hogarth-Holding-a-Portrait-William-Hogarth-oil-painting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Jane-Thornhill-Mrs.-William-Hogarth-Holding-a-Portrait-William-Hogarth-oil-painting.jpg/220px-Jane-Thornhill-Mrs.-William-Hogarth-Holding-a-Portrait-William-Hogarth-oil-painting.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Jane-Thornhill-Mrs.-William-Hogarth-Holding-a-Portrait-William-Hogarth-oil-painting.jpg/330px-Jane-Thornhill-Mrs.-William-Hogarth-Holding-a-Portrait-William-Hogarth-oil-painting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Jane-Thornhill-Mrs.-William-Hogarth-Holding-a-Portrait-William-Hogarth-oil-painting.jpg/440px-Jane-Thornhill-Mrs.-William-Hogarth-Holding-a-Portrait-William-Hogarth-oil-painting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="807" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption>Hogarth's portrait of his wife, Jane Thornhill</figcaption></figure> <p>Sir James saw the match as unequal, as Hogarth was a rather obscure artist at the time. However, when Hogarth started on his series of moral prints, <i>A Harlot's Progress</i>, some of the initial paintings were placed either in Sir James' drawing room or dining room, through the conspiring of Jane and her mother, in the hopes of reconciling him with the couple. When he saw them, he inquired as to the artist's name and, upon hearing it, replied: "Very well; the man who can produce such representations as these, can also maintain a wife without a <a href="/wiki/Marriage_portion" class="mw-redirect" title="Marriage portion">portion</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he soon after relented, becoming more generous to, and living in harmony with the couple until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hogarth was initiated as a <a href="/wiki/Freemason" class="mw-redirect" title="Freemason">Freemason</a> before 1728 in the Lodge at the Hand and Apple Tree Tavern, Little Queen Street, and later belonged to the Carrier Stone Lodge and the Grand Stewards' Lodge; the latter still possesses the 'Hogarth Jewel' which Hogarth designed for the Lodge's Master to wear.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today the original is in storage and a replica is worn by the Master of the Lodge. Freemasonry was a theme in some of Hogarth's work, most notably 'Night', the fourth in the quartet of paintings (later released as engravings) collectively entitled the <i><a href="/wiki/Four_Times_of_the_Day" title="Four Times of the Day">Four Times of the Day</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth%27s_house,_Chiswick.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hogarth%27s_house%2C_Chiswick.jpg/220px-Hogarth%27s_house%2C_Chiswick.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hogarth%27s_house%2C_Chiswick.jpg/330px-Hogarth%27s_house%2C_Chiswick.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hogarth%27s_house%2C_Chiswick.jpg/440px-Hogarth%27s_house%2C_Chiswick.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>William Hogarth's house in <a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a></figcaption></figure> <p>His main home was in Leicester Square (then known as Leicester Fields), but he bought a country retreat in <a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a> in 1749, the house now known as <a href="/wiki/Hogarth%27s_House" title="Hogarth's House">Hogarth's House</a> and preserved as a museum, and spent time there for the rest of his life.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hogarths had no children, although they fostered foundling children. He was a founding Governor of the <a href="/wiki/Foundling_Hospital" title="Foundling Hospital">Foundling Hospital</a>. </p><p>Among his friends and acquaintances were many English artists and satirists of the period, such as <a href="/wiki/Francis_Hayman" title="Francis Hayman">Francis Hayman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fielding" title="Henry Fielding">Henry Fielding</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Sterne" title="Laurence Sterne">Laurence Sterne</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Bathos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/The_Bathos.jpg/220px-The_Bathos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/The_Bathos.jpg/330px-The_Bathos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/The_Bathos.jpg/440px-The_Bathos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2782" data-file-height="2196" /></a><figcaption>The Bathos, 1764 - His final work</figcaption></figure> <p>On 25 October 1764, Hogarth was conveyed from his villa in Chiswick to his home in Leicester Fields, in weak condition. He had been in a weakened state for a while by this time, but was said to be in a cheerful mood and was even still working—with some help; doing more retouches on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bench_(Hogarth)" title="The Bench (Hogarth)">The Bench</a></i> on this same day.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 October, he received a letter from <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a> and wrote up a rough draft in reply.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before going to bed that evening, he had boasted about eating a pound of beefsteaks for dinner, and reportedly looked more robust than he had in a while at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, when he went to bed, he suddenly began vomiting; something that caused him to ring his bell so forcefully that it broke. Hogarth died around two hours later,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the arms of his servant, Mrs Mary Lewis.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Nichols_(printer)" title="John Nichols (printer)">John Nichols</a> claimed that he died of an <a href="/wiki/Aneurysm" title="Aneurysm">aneurysm</a>, which he said took place in the "chest."<sup id="cite_ref-:2_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Horace Walpole claimed that he died of "a dropsy of his breast."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mrs Lewis, who stayed on with Jane Hogarth in Leicester Fields,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_91-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the only non-familial person acknowledged financially in Hogarth's will and was left £100 (approximately £15,236.79 in 2024<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) for her "faithful services."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_90-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth%27s_tomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/William_Hogarth%27s_tomb.jpg/170px-William_Hogarth%27s_tomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/William_Hogarth%27s_tomb.jpg/255px-William_Hogarth%27s_tomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/William_Hogarth%27s_tomb.jpg/340px-William_Hogarth%27s_tomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="694" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Tomb of William and Jane Hogarth in <a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Hogarth was buried at <a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Church,_Chiswick" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nicholas Church, Chiswick">St. Nicholas Church, Chiswick</a>, now in the west of London.<sup id="cite_ref-Churchyard_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Churchyard-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His friend, actor <a href="/wiki/David_Garrick" title="David Garrick">David Garrick</a>, composed the following inscription for his tombstone:<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>Farewell great Painter of Mankind<br /> Who reach'd the noblest point of Art<br /> Whose pictur'd Morals charm the Mind<br /> And through the Eye correct the Heart.<br /> <br /> If Genius fire thee, Reader, stay,<br /> If Nature touch thee, drop a Tear:<br /> If neither move thee, turn away,<br /> For Hogarth's honour'd dust lies here. </p> </div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influence_and_reputation">Influence and reputation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Influence and reputation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hogarth's works were a direct influence on <a href="/wiki/John_Collier_(caricaturist)" title="John Collier (caricaturist)">John Collier</a>, who was known as the "Lancashire Hogarth".<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spread of Hogarth's prints throughout Europe, together with the depiction of popular scenes from his prints in faked Hogarth prints, influenced Continental book illustration through the 18th and early 19th centuries, especially in Germany and France. He also influenced many caricaturists of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Hogarth's influence lives on today as artists continue to draw inspiration from his work. </p><p>Hogarth's paintings and prints have provided the subject matter for several other works. For example, <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Gordon_(composer)" title="Gavin Gordon (composer)">Gavin Gordon</a>'s 1935 ballet <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress_(ballet)" title="The Rake's Progress (ballet)">The Rake's Progress</a></i>, to choreography by <a href="/wiki/Ninette_de_Valois" title="Ninette de Valois">Ninette de Valois</a>, was based directly on Hogarth's series of paintings of that title. <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a>'s 1951 <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake's Progress">The Rake's Progress</a></i>, with libretto by <a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">W. H. Auden</a>, was less literally inspired by the same series. Hogarth's engravings also inspired the <a href="/wiki/BBC_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC radio">BBC radio</a> play <i>The Midnight House</i> by Jonathan Hall, based on the <a href="/wiki/M._R._James" title="M. R. James">M. R. James</a> ghost story "<a href="/wiki/The_Mezzotint" title="The Mezzotint">The Mezzotint</a>" and first broadcast on <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> in 2006. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Russell_Banks" title="Russell Banks">Russell Banks</a>' short story "Indisposed" is a fictional account of Hogarth's infidelity as told from the viewpoint of his wife, Jane. Hogarth was the lead character in <a href="/wiki/Nick_Dear" title="Nick Dear">Nick Dear</a>'s play <i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_of_Success" title="The Art of Success">The Art of Success</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whilst he is played by <a href="/wiki/Toby_Jones" title="Toby Jones">Toby Jones</a> in the 2006 television film <i><a href="/wiki/A_Harlot%27s_Progress_(film)" title="A Harlot's Progress (film)">A Harlot's Progress</a></i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hogarth%27s_House" title="Hogarth's House">Hogarth's House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a>, west London, is now a museum;<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the major <a href="/wiki/Road_junction" title="Road junction">road junction</a> next to it is named the <a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Roundabout" title="Hogarth Roundabout">Hogarth Roundabout</a>. In 2014 both Hogarth's House and the Foundling Museum held special exhibitions to mark the 250th anniversary of his death.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Soane%27s_Museum" title="Sir John Soane's Museum">Sir John Soane's Museum</a>, which owns both <i>The Rake's Progress</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Humours_of_an_Election" title="Humours of an Election">The Humours of an Election</a></i>, held an exhibition which assembled all Hogarth's series of paintings, and his series of engravings, in one place for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> based the cinematography of his 1975 period drama film, <i><a href="/wiki/Barry_Lyndon" title="Barry Lyndon">Barry Lyndon</a></i>, on several Hogarth paintings. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Roger_Michell" title="Roger Michell">Roger Michell</a>'s 2003 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mother_(2003_film)" title="The Mother (2003 film)">The Mother</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Anne_Reid" title="Anne Reid">Anne Reid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Craig" title="Daniel Craig">Daniel Craig</a>, the protagonists visit Hogarth's tomb during their first outing together. They read aloud the poem inscribed there, and their shared admiration of Hogarth helps to affirm their connection with one another. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_works">Selected works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Selected works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <dl><dt><i>Paintings</i></dt></dl> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">William Hogarth's paintings</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 164px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 162px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_Before_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Before, 1731"><img alt="Before, 1731" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/William_Hogarth_-_Before_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/243px-William_Hogarth_-_Before_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/William_Hogarth_-_Before_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/365px-William_Hogarth_-_Before_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/William_Hogarth_-_Before_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/486px-William_Hogarth_-_Before_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3483" data-file-height="4041" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Before_and_After_(Hogarth)" title="Before and After (Hogarth)"><i>Before</i></a>, 1731</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 164px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 162px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_After_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="After, 1731"><img alt="After, 1731" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/William_Hogarth_-_After_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/243px-William_Hogarth_-_After_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/William_Hogarth_-_After_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/364px-William_Hogarth_-_After_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/William_Hogarth_-_After_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/485px-William_Hogarth_-_After_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3471" data-file-height="4033" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Before_and_After_(Hogarth)" title="Before and After (Hogarth)"><i>After</i></a>, 1731</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 142px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 140px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortraitInigoJones.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portrait of Inigo Jones, English Architect"><img alt="Portrait of Inigo Jones, English Architect" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PortraitInigoJones.jpg/210px-PortraitInigoJones.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PortraitInigoJones.jpg/316px-PortraitInigoJones.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PortraitInigoJones.jpg/421px-PortraitInigoJones.jpg 2x" data-file-width="956" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/Inigo_Jones" title="Inigo Jones">Inigo Jones</a>, English Architect</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 153.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 151.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wedding_of_Stephen_Beckingham_and_Mary_Cox,_1729_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Wedding of Stephen Beckingham and Mary Cox, 1729"><img alt="The Wedding of Stephen Beckingham and Mary Cox, 1729" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wedding_of_Stephen_Beckingham_and_Mary_Cox%2C_1729_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/227px-Wedding_of_Stephen_Beckingham_and_Mary_Cox%2C_1729_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" decoding="async" width="152" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wedding_of_Stephen_Beckingham_and_Mary_Cox%2C_1729_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/340px-Wedding_of_Stephen_Beckingham_and_Mary_Cox%2C_1729_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Wedding_of_Stephen_Beckingham_and_Mary_Cox%2C_1729_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/454px-Wedding_of_Stephen_Beckingham_and_Mary_Cox%2C_1729_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="3630" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <i>The Wedding of Stephen Beckingham and Mary Cox</i>, 1729</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 246.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 244.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Beggar's Opera VI, 1731, Tate Britain's version (22.5 x 30 ins.)"><img alt="The Beggar's Opera VI, 1731, Tate Britain's version (22.5 x 30 ins.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/William_Hogarth_016.jpg/367px-William_Hogarth_016.jpg" decoding="async" width="245" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/William_Hogarth_016.jpg/550px-William_Hogarth_016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/William_Hogarth_016.jpg/734px-William_Hogarth_016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1181" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Beggar%27s_Opera" title="The Beggar's Opera">The Beggar's Opera</a> VI</i>, 1731, Tate Britain's version (22.5 x 30 ins.)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth-southwark-fair.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Southwark Fair, 1733"><img alt="Southwark Fair, 1733" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Hogarth-southwark-fair.jpg/358px-Hogarth-southwark-fair.jpg" decoding="async" width="239" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Hogarth-southwark-fair.jpg/536px-Hogarth-southwark-fair.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Hogarth-southwark-fair.jpg/715px-Hogarth-southwark-fair.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3617" data-file-height="2853" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Southwark Fair</i>, 1733</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 150.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 148.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Jones_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William Jones, the Mathematician, 1740"><img alt="William Jones, the Mathematician, 1740" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/William_Jones_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/223px-William_Jones_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/William_Jones_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/334px-William_Jones_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/William_Jones_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/445px-William_Jones_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3039" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(mathematician)" title="William Jones (mathematician)">William Jones</a>, the Mathematician</i>, 1740</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 115.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 113.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth_coram.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hogarth's Portrait of Captain Thomas Coram, 1740"><img alt="Hogarth's Portrait of Captain Thomas Coram, 1740" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hogarth_coram.jpg/170px-Hogarth_coram.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hogarth_coram.jpg/255px-Hogarth_coram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hogarth_coram.jpg/340px-Hogarth_coram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1822" data-file-height="3019" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hogarth's Portrait of Captain <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coram" title="Thomas Coram">Thomas Coram</a>, 1740</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Miss_Mary_Edwards_-_Hogarth_1742.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Miss Mary Edwards 1742"><img alt="Miss Mary Edwards 1742" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Miss_Mary_Edwards_-_Hogarth_1742.jpg/225px-Miss_Mary_Edwards_-_Hogarth_1742.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Miss_Mary_Edwards_-_Hogarth_1742.jpg/337px-Miss_Mary_Edwards_-_Hogarth_1742.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Miss_Mary_Edwards_-_Hogarth_1742.jpg/449px-Miss_Mary_Edwards_-_Hogarth_1742.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5013" data-file-height="6292" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Miss Mary Edwards</i> 1742</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 157.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 155.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Shrimp Girl 1740–1745"><img alt="The Shrimp Girl 1740–1745" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg/233px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg/349px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg/465px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Shrimp_Girl_-_WGA11467.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3486" data-file-height="4226" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrimp_Girl" title="The Shrimp Girl">The Shrimp Girl</a></i> 1740–1745</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_O_the_Roast_Beef_of_Old_England_(%27The_Gate_of_Calais%27)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Gate of Calais (also known as, O the Roast Beef of Old England), 1749"><img alt="The Gate of Calais (also known as, O the Roast Beef of Old England), 1749" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/William_Hogarth_-_O_the_Roast_Beef_of_Old_England_%28%27The_Gate_of_Calais%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/338px-William_Hogarth_-_O_the_Roast_Beef_of_Old_England_%28%27The_Gate_of_Calais%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/William_Hogarth_-_O_the_Roast_Beef_of_Old_England_%28%27The_Gate_of_Calais%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/507px-William_Hogarth_-_O_the_Roast_Beef_of_Old_England_%28%27The_Gate_of_Calais%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/William_Hogarth_-_O_the_Roast_Beef_of_Old_England_%28%27The_Gate_of_Calais%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/676px-William_Hogarth_-_O_the_Roast_Beef_of_Old_England_%28%27The_Gate_of_Calais%27%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2901" data-file-height="2421" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gate_of_Calais" title="The Gate of Calais">The Gate of Calais</a></i> (also known as, <i>O the <a href="/wiki/Roast_Beef" class="mw-redirect" title="Roast Beef">Roast Beef</a> of <a href="/wiki/Merry_England" title="Merry England">Old England</a></i>), 1749</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 252px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William-Hogarth-The-March-of-the-Guards-to-Finchley-1750-%C2%A9-The-Foundling-Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="March of the Guards to Finchley (1750), a satirical depiction of troops mustered to defend London from the 1745 Jacobite rebellion"><img alt="March of the Guards to Finchley (1750), a satirical depiction of troops mustered to defend London from the 1745 Jacobite rebellion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/William-Hogarth-The-March-of-the-Guards-to-Finchley-1750-%C2%A9-The-Foundling-Museum.jpg/375px-William-Hogarth-The-March-of-the-Guards-to-Finchley-1750-%C2%A9-The-Foundling-Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/William-Hogarth-The-March-of-the-Guards-to-Finchley-1750-%C2%A9-The-Foundling-Museum.jpg/562px-William-Hogarth-The-March-of-the-Guards-to-Finchley-1750-%C2%A9-The-Foundling-Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/William-Hogarth-The-March-of-the-Guards-to-Finchley-1750-%C2%A9-The-Foundling-Museum.jpg/750px-William-Hogarth-The-March-of-the-Guards-to-Finchley-1750-%C2%A9-The-Foundling-Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1505" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/March_of_the_Guards_to_Finchley" class="mw-redirect" title="March of the Guards to Finchley">March of the Guards to Finchley</a></i> (1750), a satirical depiction of troops mustered to defend London from the <a href="/wiki/1745_Jacobite_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="1745 Jacobite rebellion">1745 Jacobite rebellion</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 183.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hogarth Painting the Comic Muse. A self-portrait depicting Hogarth painting Thalia, the muse of comedy and pastoral poetry, 1757–1758"><img alt="Hogarth Painting the Comic Muse. A self-portrait depicting Hogarth painting Thalia, the muse of comedy and pastoral poetry, 1757–1758" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/William_Hogarth_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/275px-William_Hogarth_by_William_Hogarth.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/William_Hogarth_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/413px-William_Hogarth_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/William_Hogarth_by_William_Hogarth.jpg/550px-William_Hogarth_by_William_Hogarth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2459" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Painting_the_Comic_Muse" title="Hogarth Painting the Comic Muse">Hogarth Painting the Comic Muse</a></i>. A self-portrait depicting Hogarth painting <a href="/wiki/Thalia_(muse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thalia (muse)">Thalia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Muse" class="mw-redirect" title="Muse">muse</a> of comedy and pastoral poetry, 1757–1758</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 229.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 227.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_004.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Bench, 1758"><img alt="The Bench, 1758" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/William_Hogarth_004.jpg/341px-William_Hogarth_004.jpg" decoding="async" width="228" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/William_Hogarth_004.jpg/512px-William_Hogarth_004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/William_Hogarth_004.jpg/682px-William_Hogarth_004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1673" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bench_(Hogarth)" title="The Bench (Hogarth)">The Bench</a></i>, 1758</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 230px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 228px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarths-Servants.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hogarth's Servants, mid-1750s."><img alt="Hogarth's Servants, mid-1750s." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hogarths-Servants.jpg/342px-Hogarths-Servants.jpg" decoding="async" width="228" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hogarths-Servants.jpg/513px-Hogarths-Servants.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Hogarths-Servants.jpg/684px-Hogarths-Servants.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1267" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Hogarth%27s_Servants" title="Hogarth's Servants">Hogarth's Servants</a></i>, mid-1750s.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 238.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 236.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_028.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An Election Entertainment featuring the anti-Gregorian calendar banner "Give us our Eleven Days", 1755."><img alt="An Election Entertainment featuring the anti-Gregorian calendar banner "Give us our Eleven Days", 1755." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/William_Hogarth_028.jpg/355px-William_Hogarth_028.jpg" decoding="async" width="237" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/William_Hogarth_028.jpg/533px-William_Hogarth_028.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/William_Hogarth_028.jpg/710px-William_Hogarth_028.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1607" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Humours_of_an_Election" title="Humours of an Election">An Election Entertainment</a></i> featuring the anti-<a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> banner "<a href="/wiki/Calendar_(New_Style)_Act_1750#Reaction_and_effect" title="Calendar (New Style) Act 1750">Give us our Eleven Days</a>", 1755.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 238.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 236.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_032.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William Hogarth's Election series, Humours of an Election, plate 2"><img alt="William Hogarth's Election series, Humours of an Election, plate 2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/William_Hogarth_032.jpg/355px-William_Hogarth_032.jpg" decoding="async" width="237" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/William_Hogarth_032.jpg/533px-William_Hogarth_032.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/William_Hogarth_032.jpg/710px-William_Hogarth_032.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1607" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">William Hogarth's Election series, <i><a href="/wiki/Humours_of_an_Election" title="Humours of an Election">Humours of an Election</a></i>, plate 2</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 160px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 158px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_The_Sleeping_Congregation_-_58.10_-_Minneapolis_Institute_of_Arts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Sleeping Congregation, 1728, Minneapolis Institute of Art"><img alt="The Sleeping Congregation, 1728, Minneapolis Institute of Art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/William_Hogarth_-_The_Sleeping_Congregation_-_58.10_-_Minneapolis_Institute_of_Arts.jpg/237px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Sleeping_Congregation_-_58.10_-_Minneapolis_Institute_of_Arts.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/William_Hogarth_-_The_Sleeping_Congregation_-_58.10_-_Minneapolis_Institute_of_Arts.jpg/356px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Sleeping_Congregation_-_58.10_-_Minneapolis_Institute_of_Arts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/William_Hogarth_-_The_Sleeping_Congregation_-_58.10_-_Minneapolis_Institute_of_Arts.jpg/474px-William_Hogarth_-_The_Sleeping_Congregation_-_58.10_-_Minneapolis_Institute_of_Arts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2806" data-file-height="3337" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Sleeping Congregation</i>, 1728, <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis_Institute_of_Art" title="Minneapolis Institute of Art">Minneapolis Institute of Art</a></div> </li> </ul> <dl><dt><i>Engravings</i></dt></dl> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines" style="max-width: 736px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth-rehearsal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An early print of 1724, A Just View of the British Stage"><img alt="An early print of 1724, A Just View of the British Stage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hogarth-rehearsal.jpg/174px-Hogarth-rehearsal.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hogarth-rehearsal.jpg/261px-Hogarth-rehearsal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Hogarth-rehearsal.jpg/347px-Hogarth-rehearsal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="599" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An early print of 1724, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Just_View_of_the_British_Stage" title="A Just View of the British Stage">A Just View of the British Stage</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness,_Plate_11;_The_Idle_%27Prentice_Executed_at_Tyburn.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Industry and Idleness, plate 11, The Idle 'Prentice executed at Tyburn"><img alt="Industry and Idleness, plate 11, The Idle 'Prentice executed at Tyburn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_11%3B_The_Idle_%27Prentice_Executed_at_Tyburn.png/175px-William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_11%3B_The_Idle_%27Prentice_Executed_at_Tyburn.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_11%3B_The_Idle_%27Prentice_Executed_at_Tyburn.png/263px-William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_11%3B_The_Idle_%27Prentice_Executed_at_Tyburn.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_11%3B_The_Idle_%27Prentice_Executed_at_Tyburn.png/350px-William_Hogarth_-_Industry_and_Idleness%2C_Plate_11%3B_The_Idle_%27Prentice_Executed_at_Tyburn.png 2x" data-file-width="2922" data-file-height="1995" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Industry_and_Idleness" title="Industry and Idleness">Industry and Idleness</a></i>, plate 11, <i>The Idle 'Prentice executed at <a href="/wiki/Tyburn" title="Tyburn">Tyburn</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_Simon,_Lord_Lovat.png" class="mw-file-description" title="William Hogarth's engraving of the Jacobite Lord Lovat prior to his execution"><img alt="William Hogarth's engraving of the Jacobite Lord Lovat prior to his execution" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/William_Hogarth_-_Simon%2C_Lord_Lovat.png/113px-William_Hogarth_-_Simon%2C_Lord_Lovat.png" decoding="async" width="113" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/William_Hogarth_-_Simon%2C_Lord_Lovat.png/169px-William_Hogarth_-_Simon%2C_Lord_Lovat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/William_Hogarth_-_Simon%2C_Lord_Lovat.png/225px-William_Hogarth_-_Simon%2C_Lord_Lovat.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2980" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">William Hogarth's engraving of the <a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobite</a> <a href="/wiki/Simon_Fraser,_11th_Lord_Lovat" title="Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat">Lord Lovat</a> prior to his execution</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Wilkes_Esq_by_William_Hogarth.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Hogarth's satirical engraving of the radical politician John Wilkes."><img alt="Hogarth's satirical engraving of the radical politician John Wilkes." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/John_Wilkes_Esq_by_William_Hogarth.JPG/128px-John_Wilkes_Esq_by_William_Hogarth.JPG" decoding="async" width="128" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/John_Wilkes_Esq_by_William_Hogarth.JPG/193px-John_Wilkes_Esq_by_William_Hogarth.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/John_Wilkes_Esq_by_William_Hogarth.JPG/257px-John_Wilkes_Esq_by_William_Hogarth.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1589" data-file-height="2167" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hogarth's satirical <a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes_Esq." title="John Wilkes Esq.">engraving</a> of the radical politician <a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes" title="John Wilkes">John Wilkes</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth_Before.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Engraving, Before the 1736 print, based on the earlier "oyl""><img alt="Engraving, Before the 1736 print, based on the earlier "oyl"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Hogarth_Before.jpg/146px-Hogarth_Before.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Hogarth_Before.jpg/219px-Hogarth_Before.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Hogarth_Before.jpg/292px-Hogarth_Before.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1502" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Engraving, <a href="/wiki/Before_and_After_(Hogarth)" title="Before and After (Hogarth)"><i>Before</i></a> the 1736 print, based on the earlier "oyl"</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 175px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hogarth_After.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Engraving, After"><img alt="Engraving, After" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hogarth_After.jpg/147px-Hogarth_After.jpg" decoding="async" width="147" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hogarth_After.jpg/221px-Hogarth_After.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Hogarth_After.jpg/294px-Hogarth_After.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1514" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Engraving, <i>After</i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_art" title="English art">English art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_William_Hogarth" title="List of works by William Hogarth">List of works by William Hogarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Paulson" title="Ronald Paulson">Ronald Paulson</a>, leading expert on Hogarth</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judy_Egerton" title="Judy Egerton">Judy Egerton</a>, Hogarth curator and commentator</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.frick.org/view/objects/asitem/items$0040:207">"William Hogarth – Miss Mary Edwards : The Frick Collection"</a>. <i>collections.frick.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=collections.frick.org&rft.atitle=William+Hogarth+%E2%80%93+Miss+Mary+Edwards+%3A+The+Frick+Collection&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcollections.frick.org%2Fview%2Fobjects%2Fasitem%2Fitems%240040%3A207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dummies.com/education/art-appreciation/the-rococo-influence-in-british-art/">"The Rococo Influence in British Art – dummies"</a>. <i>dummies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=dummies&rft.atitle=The+Rococo+Influence+in+British+Art+%E2%80%93+dummies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dummies.com%2Feducation%2Fart-appreciation%2Fthe-rococo-influence-in-british-art%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Elizabeth Einberg, "by the time he died in October 1764 he had left so indelible a mark on the history of British painting that the term 'Hogarthian' remains instantly comprehensible even today as a valid description of a wry, satirical perception of the human condition." <i>Hogarth the Painter</i>, London: Tate Gallery, 1997, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth, vol. 1: The 'Modern Moral Subject', 1697–1732</i> (New Brunswick 1991), pp. 26–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Antal" title="Frederick Antal">Frederick Antal</a>, <i>Hogarth and His Place in European Art</i> (London 1962); <a href="/wiki/Robin_Simon_(critic)" title="Robin Simon (critic)">Robin Simon</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paulholberton.com/product-page/hogarth-france-and-british-art"><i>Hogarth, France and British Art: The rise of the arts in eighteenth-century Britain</i></a> (London 2007).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernd W. Krysmanski, <i>Hogarth's Hidden Parts: Satiric Allusion, Erotic Wit, Blasphemous Bawdiness and Dark Humour in Eighteenth-Century English Art</i> (Hildesheim, Zurich and New York: Georg Olms 2010).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lamb, Charles, <i>The Works of Charles and Mary Lamb</i>, E.V. Lucas Publishing, 1811, Vol. 1, p. 82, "On the genius and character of Hogarth".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.william-hogarth.de/Lamb.html">Charles Lamb, "On the genius and character of Hogarth; with some remarks on a passage in the writings of the late Mr. Barry"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/search_the_collection_database/term_details.aspx?bioId=6193">Ellis Gamble Biographical Details</a>. The British Museum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">W. H. K. Wright. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=2ulEAQAAMAAJ&rdid=book-2ulEAQAAMAAJ&rdot=1">The Journal of the Ex Libris Society, Volume 3</a> (A & C. Black, Plymouth, 1894)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth</i>, vol. 1 (New Brunswick 1991), pp. 26–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBindman2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bindman, David (23 September 2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-13464">"Hogarth, William (1697–1764), painter and engraver"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F13464">10.1093/ref:odnb/13464</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8"><bdi>978-0-19-861412-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hogarth%2C+William+%281697%E2%80%931764%29%2C+painter+and+engraver&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004-09-23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F13464&rft.isbn=978-0-19-861412-8&rft.aulast=Bindman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-13464&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyrone2008" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Myrone, Martin (24 May 2008). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-96317">"St Martin's Lane Academy (act. 1735–1767)"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F96317">10.1093/ref:odnb/96317</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8"><bdi>978-0-19-861412-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=St+Martin%27s+Lane+Academy+%28act.+1735%E2%80%931767%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008-05-24&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F96317&rft.isbn=978-0-19-861412-8&rft.aulast=Myrone&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-96317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Coombs, Katherine, 'Lens [Laus] family (per. c. 1650–1779), artists' in <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (Oxford University Press, 2004)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth, vol. 1: The 'Modern Moral Subject' </i> (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1991), pp. 155-157.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i> (3rd edition, London 1989), no. 43. For more details, see David Dabydeen, <i>Hogarth, Walpole and Commercial Britain</i> (London 1987).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth</i>, vol. 1, pp. 172–185, 206–215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elizabeth Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i> (New Haven and London: Yale University Press 2016), nos. 11, 20, 14, 13A–D.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/hogarth/hogarth-room-guide-room-8">Sarah Malcolm</a>, The Hogarth Room, The Tate, retrieved 7 August 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth</i>, vol. 2 (New Brunswick 1992), pp. 1–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, no. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.william-hogarth.de/Southwark.html">Benjamin N. Ungar, "Take Me to the Southwark Fair: William Hogarth's Snapshot of the Life and Times of England's Migrating Early 18th Century Poor"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrysmanski2022" class="citation journal cs1">Krysmanski, Bernd (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11588/artdok.00008020">"Lust in Hogarth's 'Sleeping Congregation' : or, how to waste time in post-Puritan England"</a>. <i>Art History</i>. <b>21</b> (3): 393–408. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11588%2Fartdok.00008020">10.11588/artdok.00008020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Art+History&rft.atitle=Lust+in+Hogarth%27s+%27Sleeping+Congregation%27+%3A+or%2C+how+to+waste+time+in+post-Puritan+England&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=393-408&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11588%2Fartdok.00008020&rft.aulast=Krysmanski&rft.aufirst=Bernd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.11588%2Fartdok.00008020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sean Shesgreen, <i>Hogarth and the Times-of-the-Day Tradition</i> (Ithaca, New York: Cornell UP, 1983).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christina H. Kiaer, "Professional Femininity in Hogarth's <i>Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn</i>," <i>Art History</i>, 16, No. 2 (June 1993), pp. 239-65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#JBN1833">J. B. Nichols, 1833</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anecdoteswillia01hogagoog/page/n237">p.192</a> "PLATE VIII. ... Britannia 1763"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#JBN1833">J. B. Nichols, 1833</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anecdoteswillia01hogagoog/page/n238">p.193</a> "Retouched by the Author, 1763"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, nos. 21–26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition (London: The Print Room 1989), nos. 121–126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cruickshank, Dan (2010). <i>London's Sinful Secret: The Bawdy History and Very Public Passions of London's Georgian Age</i>. Macmillan. pp. 19–20. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1429919566" title="Special:BookSources/1429919566">1429919566</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For the paintings, see Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, nos. 74–81. For the engravings, see Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, nos. 132–139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artoftheprint.com/artistpages/hogarth_william_arakesprogresscompletesetofeight.htm"><i>Hogarth's The Rake's Progress</i> and other of his works</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soane.org/collections_legacy/the_soane_hogarths/rakes_progress">"A Rake's Progress"</a>. <i>Sir John Soane's Museum</i>. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sir+John+Soane%27s+Museum&rft.atitle=A+Rake%27s+Progress&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soane.org%2Fcollections_legacy%2Fthe_soane_hogarths%2Frakes_progress&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerhoogt2007" class="citation book cs1">Verhoogt, Robert (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jSDnRo7YrWwC"><i>Art in Reproduction: Nineteenth-century Prints After Lawrence Alma-tadema, Jozef Israels and Ary Scheffer</i></a>. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. pp. 15–16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9053569139" title="Special:BookSources/978-9053569139"><bdi>978-9053569139</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art+in+Reproduction%3A+Nineteenth-century+Prints+After+Lawrence+Alma-tadema%2C+Jozef+Israels+and+Ary+Scheffer&rft.place=Amsterdam&rft.pages=15-16&rft.pub=Amsterdam+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-9053569139&rft.aulast=Verhoogt&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjSDnRo7YrWwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert L. S. Cowley, <i>Marriage A-la-Mode: a re-view of Hogarth's narrative art</i> (Manchester University Press, 1983); Judy Egerton, <i>Hogarth's 'Marriage A-la-Mode<span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span></i>, London: The National Gallery 1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, nos. 158-163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.litencyc.com/php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=12984">Print series in detail</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thackeray, William Makepeace, <i>The English Humourists of the Eighteenth Century</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, nos. 168–179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, nos. 185–186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Mark Hallett, <i>The Spectacle of Difference</i> (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999), pp.198–222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon2004" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, Patrick (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bZ3waDx1puYC"><i>Gin: The Much-lamented Death of Madam Geneva</i></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Justin,_Charles_%26_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justin, Charles & Company (page does not exist)">Justin, Charles & Company</a>. pp. 14, 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781932112252" title="Special:BookSources/9781932112252"><bdi>9781932112252</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gin%3A+The+Much-lamented+Death+of+Madam+Geneva&rft.pages=14%2C+15&rft.pub=Justin%2C+Charles+%26+Company&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781932112252&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbZ3waDx1puYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPicard2013" class="citation book cs1">Picard, Liza (2013). "14". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bH85AgAAQBAJ"><i>Dr Johnson's London</i></a>. London, UK: <a href="/wiki/Orion_Publishing_Group" title="Orion Publishing Group">Orion Publishing Group</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781780226491" title="Special:BookSources/9781780226491"><bdi>9781780226491</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=14&rft.btitle=Dr+Johnson%27s+London&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Orion+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781780226491&rft.aulast=Picard&rft.aufirst=Liza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbH85AgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/11202643/Hogarth-the-father-of-the-modern-cartoon.html">"Hogarth, the father of the modern cartoon", <i>The Telegraph</i>, 13 May 2015.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pd/w/william_hogarth,_beer_street.aspx">"William Hogarth, Beer Street and Gin Lane, two prints", British Museum.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151031115252/http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pd/w/william_hogarth,_beer_street.aspx">Archived</a> 31 October 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Simon_(critic)" title="Robin Simon (critic)">Robin Simon</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paulholberton.com/product-page/shakespeare-hogarth-and-garrick-plays-painting-and-performance"><i>Shakespeare, Hogarth and Garrick: Plays, Painting and Performance</i></a> (London 2023).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, no. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Waterhouse, Ellis. (1994) <i>Painting in Britain 1530–1790</i>. 5th edn. New Haven and London: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>, p. 175. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0300058330" title="Special:BookSources/0300058330">0300058330</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, no. 214.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/houseofcommons/reformacts/from-the-parliamentary-collections/wilkes1/wilkes1/">Hogarth & John Wilkes - UK Parliament Living Heritage</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBindman1997" class="citation book cs1">Bindman, David (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kS2AoG7afdUC"><i>Hogarth and His Times: Serious Comedy</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. pp. 15, 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520213005" title="Special:BookSources/9780520213005"><bdi>9780520213005</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hogarth+and+His+Times%3A+Serious+Comedy&rft.pages=15%2C+17&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780520213005&rft.aulast=Bindman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkS2AoG7afdUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBindman1997" class="citation book cs1">Bindman, David (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kS2AoG7afdUC"><i>Hogarth and His Times: Serious Comedy</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520213005" title="Special:BookSources/9780520213005"><bdi>9780520213005</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hogarth+and+His+Times%3A+Serious+Comedy&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780520213005&rft.aulast=Bindman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkS2AoG7afdUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBindman1997" class="citation book cs1">Bindman, David (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kS2AoG7afdUC"><i>Hogarth and His Times: Serious Comedy</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. p. 17. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520213005" title="Special:BookSources/9780520213005"><bdi>9780520213005</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hogarth+and+His+Times%3A+Serious+Comedy&rft.pages=17&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780520213005&rft.aulast=Bindman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkS2AoG7afdUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elizabeth Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i> (New Haven and London: Yale University Press 2016), nos. 90–91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bha046">M. J. Liversidge, <i>William Hogarth's Bristol Altar-Piece</i> (Bristol Historical Association pamphlet, no. 46, 1980) 24 pp.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 201.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#JBN1833">J. B. Nichols, 1833</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anecdoteswillia00hogagoog/page/n39">p.63</a> "in one corner introduced my own portrait"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, nos. 152, 158–163, 167.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, no. 207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, no. 232.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i>, nos. 214–217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrysmanski2022" class="citation journal cs1">Krysmanski, Bernd (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11588/artdok.00008018">"We see a ghost : Hogarth's satire on Methodists and connoisseurs"</a>. <i>The Art Bulletin</i>. <b>80</b> (2): 292–310. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11588%2Fartdok.00008018">10.11588/artdok.00008018</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Art+Bulletin&rft.atitle=We+see+a+ghost+%3A+Hogarth%27s+satire+on+Methodists+and+connoisseurs&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=292-310&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11588%2Fartdok.00008018&rft.aulast=Krysmanski&rft.aufirst=Bernd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.11588%2Fartdok.00008018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, no. 211.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paulson, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i>, 3rd edition, nos. 206, 210a, 211, 216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RP-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RP_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth</i>, vol. 3 (New Brunswick 1993), pp. 213–216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Hogarth, <i>The Analysis of Beauty</i> (1753), ed. Ronald Paulson, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1997 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-07346-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-07346-1">978-0-300-07346-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTate" class="citation news cs1">Tate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/r/rococo">"Rococo – Art Term | Tate"</a>. <i>Tate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tate&rft.atitle=Rococo+%E2%80%93+Art+Term+%7C+Tate&rft.au=Tate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tate.org.uk%2Fart%2Fart-terms%2Fr%2Frococo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Timbs, John (1881). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gF5JAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA57"><i>Anecdote Lives of William Hogarth, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Thomas Gainsborough, Henry Fuseli, Sir Thomas Lawrence, and J.M.W. Turner</i></a>. R. Bentley. pp. 57–58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Geoff Quilley, "The Analysis of Deceit: Sandby's Satires against Hogarth", in John Bonehill and Stephen Daniels (eds.), <i>Paul Sandby: Picturing Britain</i>, exh. cat., London: Royal Academy of Arts, 2009, 38-47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Kitson, "Hogarth's 'Apology for Painters'", <i>Walpole Society</i>, 41 (1966-1968), pp. 46-111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Hogarth, <i>The Analysis of Beauty, With the Rejected Passages from the Manuscript Drafts and Autobiographical Notes</i>, edited by Joseph Burke (Oxford, 1955), pp. 201-31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSala1866" class="citation book cs1">Sala, George Augustus (1866). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gqNAAAAAYAAJ"><i>William Hogarth: Painter, Engraver and Philosopher</i></a>. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smith,_Elder_%26_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smith, Elder & Company (page does not exist)">Smith, Elder & Company</a>. p. 141.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Hogarth%3A+Painter%2C+Engraver+and+Philosopher&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Company&rft.date=1866&rft.aulast=Sala&rft.aufirst=George+Augustus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgqNAAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimbs1887" class="citation book cs1">Timbs, John (1887). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8atFAQAAMAAJ"><i>Anecdote Lives of William Hogarth, Sir Joshua Reynolds, Thomas Gainsborough, Henry Fuseli, Sir Thomas Lawrence, and J.M.W. Turner</i></a>. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Bentley_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Bentley & Sons (page does not exist)">Richard Bentley & Sons</a>. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anecdote+Lives+of+William+Hogarth%2C+Sir+Joshua+Reynolds%2C+Thomas+Gainsborough%2C+Henry+Fuseli%2C+Sir+Thomas+Lawrence%2C+and+J.M.W.+Turner&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Richard+Bentley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1887&rft.aulast=Timbs&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8atFAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:4_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook1808" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cook_(engraver)" title="Thomas Cook (engraver)">Cook, Thomas</a> (1808). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sjQGAAAAQAAJ"><i>Hogarth Restored. The Whole Works of the Celebrated William Hogarth, as Originally Published: with a Supplement, Consisting of Such of His Prints as Were Not Published in a Collected Form</i></a>. London, England: John Stockdale and G. Robinson. p. 223.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hogarth+Restored.+The+Whole+Works+of+the+Celebrated+William+Hogarth%2C+as+Originally+Published%3A+with+a+Supplement%2C+Consisting+of+Such+of+His+Prints+as+Were+Not+Published+in+a+Collected+Form&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=223&rft.pub=John+Stockdale+and+G.+Robinson&rft.date=1808&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsjQGAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClerk1812" class="citation book cs1">Clerk, Thomas (1812). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l2zfZfr7sWYC"><i>The Works of William Hogarth, Elucidated by Descriptions, Critical, Moral and Historical; To Which is Prefixed Some Account of His Life</i></a>. Vol. 1. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Ballantyne_%26_Co.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Ballantyne & Co. (page does not exist)">James Ballantyne & Co.</a> p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+William+Hogarth%2C+Elucidated+by+Descriptions%2C+Critical%2C+Moral+and+Historical%3B+To+Which+is+Prefixed+Some+Account+of+His+Life&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=James+Ballantyne+%26+Co.&rft.date=1812&rft.aulast=Clerk&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl2zfZfr7sWYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDobson1907" class="citation book cs1">Dobson, Austin (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hp1AAAAAYAAJ"><i>William Hogarth</i></a>. New York, New York: <a href="/wiki/The_McClure_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The McClure Company">The McClure Company</a>. pp. 36, 37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780827425231" title="Special:BookSources/9780827425231"><bdi>9780827425231</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Hogarth&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pages=36%2C+37&rft.pub=The+McClure+Company&rft.date=1907&rft.isbn=9780827425231&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dhp1AAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See references in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.freemasons-freemasonry.com/beresiner11.html">this biography</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180123103341/http://www.hounslow.info/arts-culture/historic-houses-museums/hogarth-house/">"Hogarth's House | Hounslow.info"</a>. 23 January 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hounslow.info/arts-culture/historic-houses-museums/hogarth-house/">the original</a> on 23 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hogarth%27s+House+%7C+Hounslow.info&rft.date=2018-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hounslow.info%2Farts-culture%2Fhistoric-houses-museums%2Fhogarth-house%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoel_Taylor2005" class="citation web cs1">Joel Taylor (11 March 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.camdennewjournal.co.uk/031005/n031005_24.htm">"Camden New Journal"</a>. <i>camdennewjournal.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=camdennewjournal.co.uk&rft.atitle=Camden+New+Journal&rft.date=2005-03-11&rft.au=Joel+Taylor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.camdennewjournal.co.uk%2F031005%2Fn031005_24.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholsSteevensIreland1900" class="citation book cs1">Nichols, John; Steevens, George; Ireland, Samuel (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UpRacN6lwbQC"><i>The Works of William Hogarth, Including the Analysis of Beauty and Five Days' Peregination</i></a>. Vol. 4. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Barrie_%26_Son&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Barrie & Son (page does not exist)">George Barrie & Son</a>. p. 97.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+William+Hogarth%2C+Including+the+Analysis+of+Beauty+and+Five+Days%27+Peregination&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pages=97&rft.pub=George+Barrie+%26+Son&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Steevens%2C+George&rft.au=Ireland%2C+Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpRacN6lwbQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_90-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_90-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_90-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholsSteevensIreland1900" class="citation book cs1">Nichols, John; Steevens, George; Ireland, Samuel (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UpRacN6lwbQC"><i>The Works of William Hogarth, Including the Analysis of Beauty and Five Days' Peregination</i></a>. Vol. 4. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Barrie_%26_Son&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Barrie & Son (page does not exist)">George Barrie & Son</a>. p. 98.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+William+Hogarth%2C+Including+the+Analysis+of+Beauty+and+Five+Days%27+Peregination&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=George+Barrie+%26+Son&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Steevens%2C+George&rft.au=Ireland%2C+Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpRacN6lwbQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_91-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_91-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_91-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholsSteevensIreland1900" class="citation book cs1">Nichols, John; Steevens, George; Ireland, Samuel (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UpRacN6lwbQC"><i>The Works of William Hogarth, Including the Analysis of Beauty and Five Days' Peregination</i></a>. Vol. 4. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: <a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Barrie_%26_Son&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Barrie & Son (page does not exist)">George Barrie & Son</a>. p. 99.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+William+Hogarth%2C+Including+the+Analysis+of+Beauty+and+Five+Days%27+Peregination&rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=George+Barrie+%26+Son&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Steevens%2C+George&rft.au=Ireland%2C+Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUpRacN6lwbQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClerk1812" class="citation book cs1">Clerk, Thomas (1812). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OhkLAwAAQBAJ"><i>The Works of William Hogarth</i></a>. Vol. 1. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Ballantyne_%26_Co.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Ballantyne & Co. (page does not exist)">James Ballantyne & Co.</a> pp. 24, 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785875310782" title="Special:BookSources/9785875310782"><bdi>9785875310782</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+William+Hogarth&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=24%2C+25&rft.pub=James+Ballantyne+%26+Co.&rft.date=1812&rft.isbn=9785875310782&rft.aulast=Clerk&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOhkLAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_93-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_93-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1905" class="citation book cs1">Brown, Gerard Baldwin (1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8RstAAAAYAAJ"><i>William Hogarth</i></a>. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Scott_Publishing_Co._Ltd.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Scott Publishing Co. Ltd. (page does not exist)">Walter Scott Publishing Co. Ltd.</a> p. 107.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Hogarth&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Walter+Scott+Publishing+Co.+Ltd.&rft.date=1905&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Gerard+Baldwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8RstAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerry1964" class="citation book cs1">Berry, Erick (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nkcFAQAAIAAJ"><i>The Four Londons of William Hogarth</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/David_McKay_Publications" title="David McKay Publications">David McKay Publications</a>. p. 219.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Four+Londons+of+William+Hogarth&rft.pages=219&rft.pub=David+McKay+Publications&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=Erick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnkcFAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetary-policy/inflation/inflation-calculator">"Inflation calculator"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_England" title="Bank of England">Bank of England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bank+of+England&rft.atitle=Inflation+calculator&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bankofengland.co.uk%2Fmonetary-policy%2Finflation%2Finflation-calculator&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIreland1791" class="citation book cs1">Ireland, John (1791). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mFxPAAAAcAAJ"><i>William Hogarth</i></a>. Vol. 1. London, England: <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._%26_J._Boydell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. & J. Boydell (page does not exist)">J. & J. Boydell</a>. pp. 107, 108, 109.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Hogarth&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pages=107%2C+108%2C+109&rft.pub=J.+%26+J.+Boydell&rft.date=1791&rft.aulast=Ireland&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmFxPAAAAcAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Churchyard-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Churchyard_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stnicholaschiswick.org/heritage/churchyard/">"The Churchyard"</a>. <a href="/wiki/St_Nicholas_Church,_Chiswick" title="St Nicholas Church, Chiswick">St Nicholas Church, Chiswick</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Churchyard&rft.pub=St+Nicholas+Church%2C+Chiswick&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stnicholaschiswick.org%2Fheritage%2Fchurchyard%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=51.485794,+-0.250366&layer=&ie=UTF8&om=1&z=18&ll=51.485913,-0.250368&spn=0.001466,0.005407&t=k">Location of Hogarth's grave on Google Maps</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonagh2019" class="citation web cs1">McDonagh, Melanie (10 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard.co.uk/go/london/arts/hogarth-place-and-progress-review-john-soane-museum-a4258241.html">"Hogarth: Place and Progress review – Sordid, subversive and richly comic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Evening_Standard" title="Evening Standard">Evening Standard</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Evening+Standard&rft.atitle=Hogarth%3A+Place+and+Progress+review+%E2%80%93+Sordid%2C+subversive+and+richly+comic&rft.date=2019-10-10&rft.aulast=McDonagh&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard.co.uk%2Fgo%2Flondon%2Farts%2Fhogarth-place-and-progress-review-john-soane-museum-a4258241.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHignett1991" class="citation book cs1">Hignett, Tim (1991). <i>Milnrow & Newhey: A Lancashire Legacy</i>. Littleborough: George Kelsall Publishing. p. 39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-946571-19-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-946571-19-8"><bdi>0-946571-19-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Milnrow+%26+Newhey%3A+A+Lancashire+Legacy&rft.place=Littleborough&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=George+Kelsall+Publishing&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-946571-19-8&rft.aulast=Hignett&rft.aufirst=Tim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mariacristina Cavecchi, "Hogarth's Progress in Nick Dear's <i>The Art of Success</i>," in Caroline Patey, Cynthia E. Roman, Georges Letissier (eds.), <i>Enduring Presence: William Hogarth's British and European Afterlives</i>, vol. 1 (Peter Lang, 2021), 183-204.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Val Bott, <i>Hogarth's House</i> (London, 2012).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museumslondon.org/museum/114/hogarths-house">"Hogarth's House"</a>. Museums London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hogarth%27s+House&rft.pub=Museums+London&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.museumslondon.org%2Fmuseum%2F114%2Fhogarths-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foundlingmuseum.org.uk/events/progress-2014/">"Progress 06 Jun 2014 – 07 Sep 2014 | Exhibitions & Displays"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Foundling_Museum" title="Foundling Museum">Foundling Museum</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Progress+06+Jun+2014+%E2%80%93+07+Sep+2014+%7C+Exhibitions+%26+Displays&rft.pub=Foundling+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffoundlingmuseum.org.uk%2Fevents%2Fprogress-2014%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2019" class="citation news cs1">Jones, Jonathan (9 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/oct/09/hogarth-place-and-progress-review-a-heartbreaking-epic-of-london-squalour">"Hogarth: Place and Progress review – a heartbreaking epic of London squalor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Hogarth%3A+Place+and+Progress+review+%E2%80%93+a+heartbreaking+epic+of+London+squalor&rft.date=2019-10-09&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2019%2Foct%2F09%2Fhogarth-place-and-progress-review-a-heartbreaking-epic-of-london-squalour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>William Hogarth, <a href="/wiki/John_Bowyer_Nichols" title="John Bowyer Nichols">John Bowyer Nichols</a>, ed. <i>Anecdotes of William Hogarth, Written by Himself</i> (J. B. Nichols and Son, 25 Parliament Street, London, 1833)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Hind, C. Lewis (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hogarthocad00hinduoft"><i>Hogarth. Masterpieces in Colour</i></a>. London: T.C. & E.C. Jack.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hogarth.+Masterpieces+in+Colour&rft.place=London&rft.pub=T.C.+%26+E.C.+Jack&rft.date=1910&rft.aulast=Hind&rft.aufirst=C.+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhogarthocad00hinduoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Hogarth" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Quennell" title="Peter Quennell">Peter Quennell</a>, <i>Hogarth's Progress</i> (London, New York, Ayer Co., 1955, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0836981452" title="Special:BookSources/978-0836981452">978-0836981452</a>)</li> <li>Peter Quennell. "Hogarth's Election Series." <i>History Today</i> (Apr 1953) 3#4 pp 221–232</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Antal" title="Frederick Antal">Frederick Antal</a>, <i>Hogarth and His Place in European Art</i> (London 1962).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Burke_(art_historian)" title="Joseph Burke (art historian)">Joseph Burke</a> & Colin Caldwell, <i>Hogarth: The Complete Engravings</i> (London: Thames & Hudson, 1968).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Christoph_Lichtenberg" title="Georg Christoph Lichtenberg">Georg Christoph Lichtenberg</a>, <i>Ausführliche Erklärung der Hogarthischen Kupferstiche</i> (Munich: Carl Hanser Verlag, 1972, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-86150-042-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-86150-042-6">3-86150-042-6</a>)</li> <li>Sean Shesgreen, <i>Hogarth 101 Prints</i> (New York: Dover 1973).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Bindman" title="David Bindman">David Bindman</a>, <i>Hogarth</i> (London 1981).</li> <li>Sean Shesgreen, <i>Hogarth and the Times-of-the-Day Tradition</i> (Ithaca, New York: Cornell UP, 1983).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Paulson" title="Ronald Paulson">Ronald Paulson</a>, <i>Hogarth's Graphic Works</i> (3rd edn, London 1989).</li> <li>Ronald Paulson, <i>Hogarth</i>, 3 vols. (New Brunswick 1991–93).</li> <li>Elizabeth Einberg, <i>Hogarth the Painter</i> (London: Tate Gallery, 1997).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Uglow" title="Jenny Uglow">Jenny Uglow</a>, <i>Hogarth: A Life and a World</i> (London 1997).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Og%C3%A9e" title="Frédéric Ogée">Frédéric Ogée</a> and Hans-Peter Wagner, eds., <i>William Hogarth: Theater and the Theater of Life</i> (Los Angeles, 1997).</li> <li>Hans-Peter Wagner, <i>William Hogarth: Das graphische Werk</i> (Saarbrücken, 1998; revised edition, Trier 2013).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Bindman" title="David Bindman">David Bindman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Og%C3%A9e" title="Frédéric Ogée">Frédéric Ogée</a> and Peter Wagner, eds. <i>Hogarth: Representing Nature's Machines</i> (Manchester, 2001)</li> <li>Bernadette Fort, and <a href="/wiki/Angela_Rosenthal" title="Angela Rosenthal">Angela Rosenthal</a>, eds., <i>The Other Hogarth: Aesthetics of Difference</i> (Princeton: Princeton UP, 2001)</li> <li>Christine Riding and Mark Hallet, "Hogarth" (<a href="/wiki/Tate_Publishing_Ltd" title="Tate Publishing Ltd">Tate Publishing</a>, London, 2006).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Simon_(critic)" title="Robin Simon (critic)">Robin Simon</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paulholberton.com/product-page/hogarth-france-and-british-art">Hogarth, France and British Art: The rise of the arts in eighteenth-century Britain</a></i> (Paul Holberton Publishing, 2007)</li> <li>Ilias Chrissochoidis, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130113043520/http://em.oxfordjournals.org/content/37/4/577.full?i.jkey=Tz66pLM8Tg9PduD&keytype=ref">Handel, Hogarth, Goupy: Artistic intersections in Handelian biography</a>", <i>Early Music</i> 37/4 (November 2009), 577–596.</li> <li>Bernd W. Krysmanski, <i>Hogarth's Hidden Parts: Satiric Allusion, Erotic Wit, Blasphemous Bawdiness and Dark Humour in Eighteenth-Century English Art</i> (Hildesheim, Zurich, New York: Olms-Verlag, 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3487144719" title="Special:BookSources/978-3487144719">978-3487144719</a>)</li> <li>Johann Joachim Eschenburg, <i>Über William Hogarth und seine Erklärer</i>, ed. Till Kinzel (Hanover: Wehrhahn, 2013 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8652-5347-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8652-5347-7">978-3-8652-5347-7</a>)</li> <li>Cynthia Ellen Roman, ed., <i>Hogarth's Legacy</i> (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2016)</li> <li>Elizabeth Einberg, <i>William Hogarth: A Complete Catalogue of the Paintings</i> (New Haven and London, Yale University Press for Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, 2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Simon_(critic)" title="Robin Simon (critic)">Robin Simon</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paulholberton.com/product-page/shakespeare-hogarth-and-garrick-plays-painting-and-performance"><i>Shakespeare, Hogarth and Garrick: Plays, Painting and Performance</i></a> (Paul Holberton Publishing, 2023)</li></ul> 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Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:William_Hogarth" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:William Hogarth">William Hogarth</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/search/actor:hogarth-william-16971764">141 artworks by or after William Hogarth</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Art_UK" title="Art UK">Art UK</a> site</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204200/http://cle.ens-lyon.fr/anglais/the-works-of-william-hogarth-169448.kjsp?RH=CDL_ANG000000"><i>The Works of William Hogarth</i>, 1822 Heath edition (engravings, with commentaries by John Nichols)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artble.com/artists/william_hogarth">William Hogarth's biography, style, artworks and influences</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/william-hogarth">William Hogarth at The National Gallery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enotes.com/topics/william-hogarth/critical-essays/criticism">William Hogarth: Critical Essays</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121029143303/http://exhibits.library.northwestern.edu/spec/hogarth/main.html">William Hogarth and 18th-Century Print Culture</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.william-hogarth.de">The Site for Research on William Hogarth</a> (annotated online bibliography)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tate.org.uk/britain/exhibitions/hogarth/">Hogarth exhibition at Tate Britain, London</a> (7 February – 29 April 2007)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wikigallery.org/wiki/artist37721/William-Hogarth/page-1">William Hogarth at Wikigallery</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/author/Hogarth,+William">Works by William Hogarth</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Hogarth%2C%20William%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22William%20Hogarth%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Hogarth%2C%20William%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22William%20Hogarth%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Hogarth%2C%20W%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22William%20Hogarth%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Hogarth%2C%20William%22%20OR%20description%3A%22William%20Hogarth%22%29%20OR%20%28%221697-1764%22%20AND%20Hogarth%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about William Hogarth</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/analysisbeauty00hogagoog"><i>The Analysis of Beauty</i>, 1753</a> (abridged 1909 edition)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/hogarths-london">'Hogarth's London'</a>, lecture by Robin Simon at <a href="/wiki/Gresham_College" title="Gresham College">Gresham College</a>, 8 October 2007 (available for download as MP3, MP4 or text files)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://channel.tate.org.uk/media/26405873001">Hogarth's London video</a> hosted at <a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a>'s website by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rowson" title="Martin Rowson">Martin Rowson</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://victorianweb.org/painting/18c/hogarth/index.html">William Hogarth's Works</a> hosted at The <a href="/wiki/Victorian_Web" title="Victorian Web">Victorian Web</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lambiek.net/artists/h/hogarth_william.htm">William Hogarth</a> on Lambiek's 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.mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:William_Hogarth" title="Template:William Hogarth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:William_Hogarth" title="Template talk:William Hogarth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:William_Hogarth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:William Hogarth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Hogarth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Hogarth</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prints</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_works_by_William_Hogarth" title="List of works by William Hogarth">List of works</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emblematical_Print_on_the_South_Sea_Scheme" title="Emblematical Print on the South Sea Scheme">Emblematical Print on the South Sea Scheme</a></i> (1721)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bad_Taste_of_the_Town" title="The Bad Taste of the Town">The Bad Taste of the Town</a></i> (1724)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Just_View_of_the_British_Stage" title="A Just View of the British Stage">A Just View of the British Stage</a></i> (1724)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_and_After_(Hogarth)" title="Before and After (Hogarth)"><i>Before</i> and <i>After</i></a> (1736)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Company_of_Undertakers" title="The Company of Undertakers"><i>The Company of Undertakers</i></a> (1736)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strolling_Actresses_Dressing_in_a_Barn" title="Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn">Strolling Actresses Dressing in a Barn</a></i> (1738)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Distrest_Poet" title="The Distrest Poet">The Distrest Poet</a></i> (1741)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Enraged_Musician" title="The Enraged Musician">The Enraged Musician</a></i> (1741)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Characters_and_Caricaturas" title="Characters and Caricaturas">Characters and Caricaturas</a></i> (1743)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Industry_and_Idleness" title="Industry and Idleness">Industry and Idleness</a></i> (1747)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beer_Street_and_Gin_Lane" title="Beer Street and Gin Lane">Beer Street and Gin Lane</a></i> (1751)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Stages_of_Cruelty" title="The Four Stages of Cruelty">The Four Stages of Cruelty</a></i> (1751)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Breaking_the_Egg" title="Columbus Breaking the Egg">Columbus Breaking the Egg</a></i> (1752)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satire_on_False_Perspective" title="Satire on False Perspective">Satire on False Perspective</a></i> (1754)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Credulity,_Superstition,_and_Fanaticism" title="Credulity, Superstition, and Fanaticism">Credulity, Superstition, and Fanaticism</a></i> (1761)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Orders_of_Periwigs" title="Five Orders of Periwigs">Five Orders of Periwigs</a></i> (1761)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Wilkes_Esq." title="John Wilkes Esq.">John Wilkes Esq.</a></i> (1763)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Assembly_at_Wanstead_House" title="The Assembly at Wanstead House">The Assembly at Wanstead House</a></i> (c. 1728–1732)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_and_After_(Hogarth)" title="Before and After (Hogarth)"><i>Before</i> and <i>After</i></a> (1730–31)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Harlot%27s_Progress" title="A Harlot's Progress">A Harlot's Progress</a></i> (1731)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="A Rake's Progress">A Rake's Progress</a></i> (1732–33, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Rake%27s_Progress,_3:_The_Tavern_Scene" title="A Rake's Progress, 3: The Tavern Scene">The Tavern Scene</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scene_from_Shakespeare%27s_The_Tempest" title="Scene from Shakespeare's The Tempest">Scene from Shakespeare's The Tempest</a></i> (c.1735)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Times_of_the_Day" title="Four Times of the Day">Four Times of the Day</a></i> (1736)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Distrest_Poet" title="The Distrest Poet">The Distrest Poet</a></i> (1736)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrimp_Girl" title="The Shrimp Girl">The Shrimp Girl</a></i> (c.1740)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Captain_Thomas_Coram" title="Portrait of Captain Thomas Coram">Portrait of Captain Thomas Coram</a></i> (1740)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taste_in_High_Life" title="Taste in High Life">Taste in High Life</a></i> (1742)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Graham_Children" title="The Graham Children">The Graham Children</a></i> (1742)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Lord_George_Graham_in_his_Cabin" title="Captain Lord George Graham in his Cabin">Captain Lord George Graham in his Cabin</a></i> (1745)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/David_Garrick_as_Richard_III" title="David Garrick as Richard III">David Garrick as Richard III</a></i> (1745)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Painter_and_his_Pug" title="Painter and his Pug">Painter and his Pug</a></i> (1745)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gate_of_Calais" title="The Gate of Calais">The Gate of Calais</a></i> (1748)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hogarth%27s_Servants" title="Hogarth's Servants">Hogarth's Servants</a></i> (c.1750)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_March_of_the_Guards_to_Finchley" title="The March of the Guards to Finchley">The March of the Guards to Finchley</a></i> (1750)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Humours_of_an_Election" title="Humours of an Election">Humours of an Election</a></i> (1755)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sealing_the_Tomb" title="Sealing the Tomb">Sealing the Tomb</a></i> (1755)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Painting_the_Comic_Muse" title="Hogarth Painting the Comic Muse">Hogarth Painting the Comic Muse</a></i> (1757)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bench_(Hogarth)" title="The Bench (Hogarth)">The Bench</a></i> (1758)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lady%27s_Last_Stake" title="The Lady's Last Stake">The Lady's Last Stake</a></i> (1759)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigismunda_mourning_over_the_Heart_of_Guiscardo" title="Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo">Sigismunda mourning over the Heart of Guiscardo</a></i> (1759)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Marriage_A-la-Mode_(1745)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal"><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode_(Hogarth)" title="Marriage A-la-Mode (Hogarth)"><i>Marriage A-la-Mode</i></a> (1745)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ol><li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode:_1._The_Marriage_Settlement" title="Marriage A-la-Mode: 1. The Marriage Settlement">The Marriage Settlement</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode:_2._The_T%C3%AAte_%C3%A0_T%C3%AAte" title="Marriage A-la-Mode: 2. The Tête à Tête">The Tête à Tête</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode:_3._The_Inspection" title="Marriage A-la-Mode: 3. The Inspection">The Inspection</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode:_4._The_Toilette" title="Marriage A-la-Mode: 4. The Toilette">The Toilette</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode:_5._The_Bagnio" title="Marriage A-la-Mode: 5. The Bagnio">The Bagnio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marriage_A-la-Mode:_6._The_Lady%27s_Death" title="Marriage A-la-Mode: 6. The Lady's Death">The Lady's Death</a></i></li></ol> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Analysis_of_Beauty" title="The Analysis of Beauty">The Analysis of Beauty</a></i> (1753)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Line_of_beauty" title="Line of beauty">Line of beauty</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hogarth%27s_House" title="Hogarth's House">Hogarth's House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trump_(dog)" title="Trump (dog)">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Malcolm" title="Sarah Malcolm">Sarah Malcolm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Club" title="Hogarth Club">Hogarth Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Edwards_(1705%E2%80%931743)" title="Mary Edwards (1705–1743)">Mary Edwards (Patron)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="William_Hogarth&#039;s_A_Rake&#039;s_Progress" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="Template:A Rake's Progress"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="Template talk:A Rake's Progress"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="Special:EditPage/Template:A Rake's Progress"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="William_Hogarth&#039;s_A_Rake&#039;s_Progress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Hogarth</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/A_Rake%27s_Progress" title="A Rake's Progress">A Rake's Progress</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Rake%27s_Progress,_3:_The_Tavern_Scene" title="A Rake's Progress, 3: The Tavern Scene">A Rake's Progress, 3: The Tavern Scene</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress_(film)" title="The Rake's Progress (film)">The Rake's Progress</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bedlam_(1946_film)" title="Bedlam (1946 film)">Bedlam</a></i> (1945)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake's Progress">The Rake's Progress</a></i> (opera)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress_(ballet)" title="The Rake's Progress (ballet)">The Rake's Progress</a></i> (ballet)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chiswick" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chiswick" title="Template:Chiswick"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chiswick" title="Template talk:Chiswick"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chiswick" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chiswick"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chiswick" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Ealing" title="London Borough of Ealing">Ealing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">   <a href="/wiki/Acton_Green,_London" title="Acton Green, London">Acton Green</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_Alban%27s_Church,_Acton_Green" title="St Alban's Church, Acton Green">St Alban's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Sussex,_Acton_Green" title="Duke of Sussex, Acton Green">Duke of Sussex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">   <a href="/wiki/Bedford_Park,_London" title="Bedford Park, London">Bedford Park</a> (part)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Bedford_Park" title="Architecture of Bedford Park">Architecture of Bedford Park</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Queen_Anne_Revival_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="British Queen Anne Revival architecture">British Queen Anne Revival architecture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Carr_(property_developer)" title="Jonathan Carr (property developer)">Jonathan Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Buddhist_Vihara" title="London Buddhist Vihara">London Buddhist Vihara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chiswick_House_from_SE_(detail).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Chiswick_House_from_SE_%28detail%29.jpg/55px-Chiswick_House_from_SE_%28detail%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="55" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Chiswick_House_from_SE_%28detail%29.jpg/83px-Chiswick_House_from_SE_%28detail%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Chiswick_House_from_SE_%28detail%29.jpg/110px-Chiswick_House_from_SE_%28detail%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1057" data-file-height="1915" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Hounslow" title="London Borough of Hounslow">Hounslow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bedford Park (part)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arts_Educational_Schools,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts Educational Schools, London">Arts Educational Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Playhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Chiswick Playhouse">Chiswick Playhouse</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/H._J._Mulliner_%26_Co." title="H. J. Mulliner & Co.">H. J. Mulliner & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Michael_and_All_Angels,_Bedford_Park" title="St Michael and All Angels, Bedford Park">St Michael and All Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tabard,_Chiswick" title="The Tabard, Chiswick">The Tabard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_High_Road" title="Chiswick High Road">Chiswick High Road</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>† <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Empire" title="Chiswick Empire">Chiswick Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Fire_Station,_Chiswick" title="Old Fire Station, Chiswick">Old Fire Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Pack_Horse" title="Old Pack Horse">Old Pack Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_of_Grace_%26_St_Edward,_Chiswick" title="Church of Our Lady of Grace & St Edward, Chiswick">Our Lady of Grace & St Edward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_House,_Chiswick" title="Power House, Chiswick">Power House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grove_Park,_Chiswick" title="Grove Park, Chiswick">Grove Park</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Lifeboat_Station" title="Chiswick Lifeboat Station">Chiswick Lifeboat Station</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Park_Cricket_Ground" title="Chiswick Park Cricket Ground">Chiswick Park Cricket Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke%27s_Hollow" title="Duke's Hollow">Duke's Hollow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukes_Meadows" title="Dukes Meadows">Dukes Meadows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_House_Sports_Ground" title="King's House Sports Ground">King's House Sports Ground</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Little_Sutton,_Chiswick" title="Little Sutton, Chiswick">Little Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staveley_Road" title="Staveley Road">Staveley Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Michael%27s_Church,_Grove_Park" title="St Michael's Church, Grove Park">St Michael's Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gunnersbury" title="Gunnersbury">Gunnersbury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Business_Park" title="Chiswick Business Park">Chiswick Business Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnersbury_Triangle" title="Gunnersbury Triangle">Gunnersbury Triangle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Old_Chiswick" title="Old Chiswick">Old Chiswick</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_House" title="Chiswick House">Chiswick House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Chiswick_House" title="Architecture of Chiswick House">Architecture of Chiswick House</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Asylum" title="Chiswick Asylum">Chiswick Asylum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_House_Gardens" title="Chiswick House Gardens">Chiswick House Gardens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Mall" title="Chiswick Mall">Chiswick Mall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Eyot" title="Chiswick Eyot">Chiswick Eyot</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Press" title="Chiswick Press">Chiswick Press</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/John_I._Thornycroft_%26_Company" title="John I. Thornycroft & Company">John I. Thornycroft & Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walpole_House" title="Walpole House">Walpole House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_School" title="Chiswick School">Chiswick School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Moldova,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy of Moldova, London">Embassy of Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller%27s_Brewery" title="Fuller's Brewery">Fuller's Brewery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuller,_Smith_%26_Turner" title="Fuller, Smith & Turner">Fuller, Smith & Turner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_and_Devonshire" title="George and Devonshire">George and Devonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogarth%27s_House" title="Hogarth's House">Hogarth's House</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Hogarth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawson_Arms" title="Mawson Arms">Mawson Arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Nicholas_Church,_Chiswick" title="St Nicholas Church, Chiswick">St Nicholas Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Strand-on-the-Green" title="Strand-on-the-Green">Strand-on-the-Green</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bull%27s_Head,_Strand-on-the-Green" title="Bull's Head, Strand-on-the-Green">Bull's Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver%27s_Island" title="Oliver's Island">Oliver's Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Turnham_Green" title="Turnham Green">Turnham Green</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Turnham_Green" title="Battle of Turnham Green">Battle of Turnham Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Turnham_Green" title="Christ Church, Turnham Green">Christ Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Town_Hall" title="Chiswick Town Hall">Town Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnes_Railway_Bridge" title="Barnes Railway Bridge">Barnes Railway Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Bridge" title="Chiswick Bridge">Chiswick Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_flyover" title="Chiswick flyover">Chiswick flyover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Park_Footbridge" title="Chiswick Park Footbridge">Chiswick Park Footbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Roundabout" title="Chiswick Roundabout">Chiswick Roundabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukes_Meadows_Footbridge" title="Dukes Meadows Footbridge">Dukes Meadows Footbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogarth_Roundabout" title="Hogarth Roundabout">Hogarth Roundabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Railway_Bridge" title="Kew Railway Bridge">Kew Railway Bridge</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_railway_station" title="Chiswick railway station">Chiswick</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/South_Acton_railway_station_(England)" title="South Acton railway station (England)">South Acton</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Park_tube_station" title="Chiswick Park tube station">Chiswick Park</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gunnersbury_station" title="Gunnersbury station">Gunnersbury</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Stamford_Brook_tube_station" title="Stamford Brook tube station">Stamford Brook</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Turnham_Green_tube_station" title="Turnham Green tube station">Turnham Green</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Administration <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Urban_District" title="Chiswick Urban District">Chiswick Urban District</a> (1858–1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Borough_of_Brentford_and_Chiswick" title="Municipal Borough of Brentford and Chiswick">Municipal Borough of Brentford and Chiswick</a> (1927–1965)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brentford_and_Chiswick_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Brentford and Chiswick (UK Parliament constituency)">Brentford and Chiswick (UK Parliament constituency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamford_Brook" title="Stamford Brook">Bollo Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick_(1799_ship)" title="Chiswick (1799 ship)">Chiswick (1799 ship)</a></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Records" title="Chiswick Records">Chiswick Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Premier_Grand_Lodge_of_England" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premier_Grand_Lodge_of_England" title="Template:Premier Grand Lodge of England"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Premier_Grand_Lodge_of_England" title="Template talk:Premier Grand Lodge of England"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Premier_Grand_Lodge_of_England" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Premier Grand Lodge of England"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Premier_Grand_Lodge_of_England" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Premier_Grand_Lodge_of_England" title="Premier Grand Lodge of England">Premier Grand Lodge of England</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Active 1717–1813, united with the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Grand_Lodge_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Grand Lodge of England">Ancient Grand Lodge of England</a> (1751–1813) to create the <a href="/wiki/United_Grand_Lodge_of_England" title="United Grand Lodge of England">United Grand Lodge of England</a> (1813–present)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_(Freemasonry)" title="Grand Master (Freemasonry)">Grand<br />Masters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Sayer" title="Anthony Sayer">Anthony Sayer</a> (1717–1718)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Payne_(Freemason)" title="George Payne (Freemason)">George Payne</a> (1718–1719)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Theophilus_Desaguliers" title="John Theophilus Desaguliers">John Theophilus Desaguliers</a> (1719–1720)</li> <li>George Payne (1720–1721)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Montagu,_2nd_Duke_of_Montagu" title="John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu">Duke of Montagu</a> (1721–1723)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Wharton,_1st_Duke_of_Wharton" title="Philip Wharton, 1st Duke of Wharton">Duke of Wharton</a> (1723)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Scott,_2nd_Duke_of_Buccleuch" title="Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch">Earl of Dalkeith</a> (1723–1724)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lennox,_2nd_Duke_of_Richmond" title="Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond">Duke of Richmond</a> (1724)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton,_7th_Earl_of_Abercorn" title="James Hamilton, 7th Earl of Abercorn">Lord Paisley</a> (1724–1725)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_O%27Brien,_4th_Earl_of_Inchiquin" title="William O'Brien, 4th Earl of Inchiquin">Earl of Inchiquin</a> (1726–1727)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hare,_3rd_Baron_Coleraine" title="Henry Hare, 3rd Baron Coleraine">Baron Colerane</a> (1727–1728)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_King,_4th_Baron_Kingston" title="James King, 4th Baron Kingston">Baron Kingston</a> (1728–1730)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Howard,_8th_Duke_of_Norfolk" title="Thomas Howard, 8th Duke of Norfolk">Duke of Norfolk</a> (1730–1731)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Coke,_1st_Earl_of_Leicester_(fifth_creation)" title="Thomas Coke, 1st Earl of Leicester (fifth creation)">Baron Lovell</a> (1731–1732)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Browne,_6th_Viscount_Montagu" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Browne, 6th Viscount Montagu">Viscount Montagu</a> (1732–1733)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lyon,_7th_Earl_of_Strathmore_and_Kinghorne" title="James Lyon, 7th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne">Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne</a> (1733–1734)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lindsay,_20th_Earl_of_Crawford" title="John Lindsay, 20th Earl of Crawford">Earl of Crawford</a> (1734–1735)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thynne,_2nd_Viscount_Weymouth" title="Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth">Lord Weymouth</a> (1735–1736)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell,_4th_Earl_of_Loudoun" title="John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun">Earl of Loudoun</a> (1736–1737)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bligh,_2nd_Earl_of_Darnley" title="Edward Bligh, 2nd Earl of Darnley">Earl of Darnley</a> (1737–1738)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Brydges,_2nd_Duke_of_Chandos" title="Henry Brydges, 2nd Duke of Chandos">Marquis of Carnarvon</a> (1738–1739)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Raymond,_2nd_Baron_Raymond" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Raymond, 2nd Baron Raymond">Baron Raymond</a> (1739–1740)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keith,_3rd_Earl_of_Kintore" class="mw-redirect" title="John Keith, 3rd Earl of Kintore">Earl of Kintore</a> (1740–1741)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Douglas,_14th_Earl_of_Morton" title="James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton">Earl of Morton</a> (1741–1742)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ward,_1st_Viscount_Dudley_and_Ward" title="John Ward, 1st Viscount Dudley and Ward">Baron Ward</a> (1742–1744)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cranstoun,_6th_Lord_Cranstoun" class="mw-redirect" title="James Cranstoun, 6th Lord Cranstoun">Lord Cranstoun</a> (1744–1747)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Byron,_5th_Baron_Byron" title="William Byron, 5th Baron Byron">Baron Byron</a> (1747–1752)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Proby,_1st_Baron_Carysfort" title="John Proby, 1st Baron Carysfort">Baron Carysfort</a> (1752–1753)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brydges,_3rd_Duke_of_Chandos" title="James Brydges, 3rd Duke of Chandos">Marquis of Carnarvon</a> (1754–1757)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholto_Douglas,_15th_Earl_of_Morton" title="Sholto Douglas, 15th Earl of Morton">Lord Aberdour</a> (1757–1762)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Shirley,_5th_Earl_Ferrers" title="Washington Shirley, 5th Earl Ferrers">Earl Ferrers</a> (1762–1764)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadwallader_Blayney,_9th_Baron_Blayney" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadwallader Blayney, 9th Baron Blayney">Baron Blayney</a> (1764–1767)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Somerset,_5th_Duke_of_Beaufort" title="Henry Somerset, 5th Duke of Beaufort">Duke of Beaufort</a> (1767–1772)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Petre,_9th_Baron_Petre" title="Robert Petre, 9th Baron Petre">Baron Petre</a> (1772–1777)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Montagu,_4th_Duke_of_Manchester" title="George Montagu, 4th Duke of Manchester">Duke of Manchester</a> (1777–1782)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Cumberland_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn">Duke of Cumberland</a> (1782–1790)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">George, Prince of Wales</a> (1792–1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Augustus_Frederick,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex">Duke of Sussex</a> (1813)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Freemasonry" title="History of Freemasonry">History of Freemasonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antient_Grand_Lodge_of_England" title="Antient Grand Lodge of England">Antient Grand Lodge of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Grand_Lodge_of_England" title="United Grand Lodge of England">United Grand Lodge of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Anderson_(Freemason)" title="James Anderson (Freemason)">James Anderson's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/History_of_Freemasonry#Anderson's_''Constitutions''" title="History of Freemasonry">The Constitutions of the Free-Masons</a></i> (1723)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freemasons%27_Tavern" title="Freemasons' Tavern">Freemasons' Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freemasons%27_Hall,_London" title="Freemasons' Hall, London">Freemasons' Hall, London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Antiquaries_of_London" title="Society of Antiquaries of London">Society of Antiquaries of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Physicians" title="Royal College of Physicians">Royal College of Physicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Society_of_Apothecaries" title="Worshipful Society of Apothecaries">Worshipful Society of Apothecaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spalding_Gentlemen%27s_Society" title="Spalding Gentlemen's Society">Spalding Gentlemen's Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtonianism" title="Newtonianism">Newtonianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_era#English_Enlightenment" title="Georgian era">English Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Bath" title="Order of the Bath">Order of the Bath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Walpole" title="Robert Walpole">Walpole ministries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiggism" title="Whiggism">Whiggism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kit-Cat_Club" title="Kit-Cat Club">Kit-Cat Club</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gormogons" title="Gormogons">Gormogons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellfire_Club" title="Hellfire Club">Hellfire Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundling_Hospital" title="Foundling Hospital">Foundling Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unlawful_Societies_Act_1799" title="Unlawful Societies Act 1799">Unlawful Societies Act 1799</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Anderson_(Freemason)" title="James Anderson (Freemason)">James Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Byrom" title="John Byrom">John Byrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stukeley" title="William Stukeley">William Stukeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(mathematician)" title="William Jones (mathematician)">William Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Stanhope,_4th_Earl_of_Chesterfield" title="Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield">Earl of Chesterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Delafaye" title="Charles Delafaye">Charles Delafaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Carpenter,_2nd_Baron_Carpenter" title="George Carpenter, 2nd Baron Carpenter">Baron Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Billers" title="William Billers">William Billers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Prendergast,_2nd_Baronet" title="Sir Thomas Prendergast, 2nd Baronet">Sir Thomas Prendergast, 2nd Baronet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brook_Taylor" title="Brook Taylor">Brook Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Folkes" title="Martin Folkes">Martin Folkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Arbuthnot" title="John Arbuthnot">John Arbuthnot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cox_(brewer)" title="Charles Cox (brewer)">Charles Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Earl_Cornwallis" title="Charles Cornwallis, 1st Earl Cornwallis">Earl Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cantillon" title="Richard Cantillon">Richard Cantillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Machin" title="John Machin">John Machin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rutty" title="William Rutty">William Rutty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Vernon_(politician,_born_1646)" title="James Vernon (politician, born 1646)">James Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Senex" title="John Senex">John Senex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Thornhill" title="James Thornhill">James Thornhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Parker,_2nd_Earl_of_Macclesfield" title="George Parker, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield">Earl of Macclesfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Browne_(chemist)" title="John Browne (chemist)">John Browne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Jurin" title="James Jurin">James Jurin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Douglas_(physician)" title="James Douglas (physician)">James Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stuart_(scientist)" title="Alexander Stuart (scientist)">Alexander Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephraim_Chambers" title="Ephraim Chambers">Ephraim Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Manningham" title="Richard Manningham">Richard Manningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Nicholls" title="Frank Nicholls">Frank Nicholls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rawlinson" title="Richard Rawlinson">Richard Rawlinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stanhope_(1673%E2%80%931760)" title="Charles Stanhope (1673–1760)">Charles Stanhope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_James_Cavendish_(MP_for_Derby)" title="Lord James Cavendish (MP for Derby)">Lord James Cavendish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hope,_2nd_Earl_of_Hopetoun" title="John Hope, 2nd Earl of Hopetoun">Earl of Hopetoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Richardson_(antiquary)" title="William Richardson (antiquary)">William Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Becket" title="William Becket">William Becket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Anstis" title="John Anstis">John Anstis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_Bertie,_2nd_Duke_of_Ancaster_and_Kesteven" title="Peregrine Bertie, 2nd Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven">Duke of Ancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hayes_(mathematician)" title="Charles Hayes (mathematician)">Charles Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Prideaux_(artist)" title="Edmund Prideaux (artist)">Edmund Prideaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Shelvocke" title="George Shelvocke">George Shelvocke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woodward_(naturalist)" title="John Woodward (naturalist)">John Woodward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ward_(academic)" title="John Ward (academic)">John Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baptist_Grano" title="John Baptist Grano">John Baptist Grano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_King,_2nd_Baron_King" title="John King, 2nd Baron King">Baron King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Christoph_Le_Blon" title="Jacob Christoph Le Blon">Jacques Leblon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Oughton" title="Adolphus Oughton">Adolphus Oughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Rich,_4th_Baronet" title="Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet">Sir Robert Rich, 4th Baronet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Temple,_1st_Viscount_Cobham" title="Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham">Viscount Cobham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Columbine" title="Francis Columbine">Francis Columbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Warburton" title="Hugh Warburton">Hugh Warburton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Herbert,_9th_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="Henry Herbert, 9th Earl of Pembroke">Earl of Pembroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Townshend,_3rd_Viscount_Townshend" title="Charles Townshend, 3rd Viscount Townshend">Viscount Townshend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Bladen" title="Martin Bladen">Martin Bladen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Waldegrave,_1st_Earl_Waldegrave" title="James Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave">Earl Waldegrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Pierrepont,_2nd_Duke_of_Kingston-upon-Hull" title="Evelyn Pierrepont, 2nd Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull">Duke of Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Boyle,_3rd_Earl_of_Burlington" title="Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington">Earl of Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Capell,_3rd_Earl_of_Essex" title="William Capell, 3rd Earl of Essex">Earl of Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Douglas,_3rd_Duke_of_Queensberry" title="Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry">Duke of Queensberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Scott,_1st_Earl_of_Deloraine" title="Henry Scott, 1st Earl of Deloraine">Earl of Deloraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Colyear,_2nd_Earl_of_Portmore" title="Charles Colyear, 2nd Earl of Portmore">Earl of Portmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Spencer,_3rd_Duke_of_Marlborough" title="Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough">Duke of Marlborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Calvert,_5th_Baron_Baltimore" title="Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore">Baron Baltimore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Murray,_2nd_Duke_of_Atholl" title="James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl">Duke of Atholl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kerr,_3rd_Marquess_of_Lothian" title="William Kerr, 3rd Marquess of Lothian">Marquess of Lothian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lindsay,_4th_Earl_of_Balcarres" title="Alexander Lindsay, 4th Earl of Balcarres">Earl of Balcarres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Finch,_8th_Earl_of_Winchilsea" title="Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea">Earl of Winchilsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Arthur_Acheson,_5th_Baronet" title="Sir Arthur Acheson, 5th Baronet">Sir Arthur Acheson, 5th Baronet</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_Robert_Lawley,_4th_Baronet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir Robert Lawley, 4th Baronet (page does not exist)">Sir Robert Lawley, 4th Baronet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Brodie_(1697%E2%80%931754)" title="Alexander Brodie (1697–1754)">Alexander Brodie</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Hogarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Labelye" title="Charles Labelye">Charles Labelye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Calverley-Blackett" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Calverley-Blackett">Walter Calverley-Blackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Frederick, Prince of Wales">Frederick, Prince of Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wright_(astronomer)" title="Thomas Wright (astronomer)">Thomas Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gibbon" title="Edward Gibbon">Edward Gibbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hervey,_2nd_Baron_Hervey" title="John Hervey, 2nd Baron Hervey">Baron Hervey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dunckerley" title="Thomas Dunckerley">Thomas Dunckerley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Preston_(Freemason)" title="William Preston (Freemason)">William Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rawdon-Hastings,_1st_Marquess_of_Hastings" title="Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings">Marquess of Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Moore_Smythe" title="James Moore Smythe">James Moore Smythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Boyle-Walsingham" title="Robert Boyle-Walsingham">Robert Boyle-Walsingham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_de_Cornwall" title="Sir Robert de Cornwall">Sir Robert de Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batty_Langley" title="Batty Langley">Batty Langley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Arne" title="Thomas Arne">Thomas Arne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Soane" title="John Soane">John Soane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Banks" title="Joseph Banks">Joseph Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Zoffany" title="Johan Zoffany">Johan Zoffany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Coustos" title="John Coustos">John Coustos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3lito_da_Costa" title="Hipólito da Costa">Hipólito da Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_L%C3%B6w_Schomberg" title="Meyer Löw Schomberg">Meyer Löw Schomberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Salvador" title="Joseph Salvador">Joseph Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampson_Eardley,_1st_Baron_Eardley" title="Sampson Eardley, 1st Baron Eardley">Sampson Eardley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Mendez" title="Moses Mendez">Moses Mendez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_Solomon" title="Meyer Solomon">Meyer Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Montefiore" title="Moses Montefiore">Moses Montefiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Mayer_Rothschild" title="Nathan Mayer Rothschild">Nathan Mayer Rothschild</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prime_ministers" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prime ministers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Walpole" title="Robert Walpole">Robert Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Pelham" title="Henry Pelham">Henry Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pelham-Holles,_1st_Duke_of_Newcastle" title="Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle">Duke of Newcastle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171344#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171344#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171344#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120993749">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/17268409">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/61534/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjHbx763FJTwgxYdQt7pP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118552805">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80126106">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121912488">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121912488">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00468453">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Hogarth, William"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV007808">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35201047">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990003586&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1115646">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/244075">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068491387">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90132969">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000197868&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000080111&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=262403">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/75kmqdbr5rj7v1r">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810670101405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/113868">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007262716705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058512941706706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14076846">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01215079?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500004242">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/42026ddd-d3c1-48cd-a1b6-976fba27d4af">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/39049">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/10f0f4f9-37da-499c-b9d8-ee83ebdf0ea3">KulturNav</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/3518/">Victoria</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/63962">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artist/689/">Auckland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/artist/wd/23eecdcd-eaf3-412f-8b2a-986bf3c2a1f9">Prado</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gallery.ca/collection/artist/william-hogarth">National Gallery of Canada</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.agsa.sa.gov.au/collection-publications/collection/creators/_/3982/">South Australia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/862352">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118552805.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118552805">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/03051312X">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6qj7ftn">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/1081">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&oldid=1258986340">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Hogarth&oldid=1258986340</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:William_Hogarth" title="Category:William Hogarth">William Hogarth</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1697_births" title="Category:1697 births">1697 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1764_deaths" title="Category:1764 deaths">1764 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_English_writers" title="Category:18th-century English writers">18th-century English writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_English_male_writers" title="Category:18th-century English male writers">18th-century English male writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_English_male_artists" title="Category:18th-century English male artists">18th-century English male artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_English_painters" title="Category:18th-century English painters">18th-century English painters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:18th-century_English_engravers" title="Category:18th-century English engravers">18th-century English engravers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Painters_from_London" title="Category:Painters from London">Painters from London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Writers_from_London" title="Category:Writers from 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