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class="vector-menu-heading"> പങ്കാളിത്തം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-startarticle" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="പുതിയ ഒരു ലേഖനം തുടങ്ങുവാൻ"><span>ലേഖനം തുടങ്ങുക</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="വിക്കിയിലെ സമീപകാലമാറ്റങ്ങൾ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>സമീപകാല മാറ്റങ്ങൾ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="പദ്ധതി താളിനെക്കുറിച്ച്, താങ്കൾക്കെന്തൊക്കെ ചെയ്യാം, കാര്യങ്ങൾ എവിടെനിന്ന് കണ്ടെത്താം"><span>സാമൂഹികകവാടം</span></a></li><li id="n-portal-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82"><span>കവാടം</span></a></li><li id="n-panchayat-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ആറു ഗ്രാമസഭകളുള്ള വിക്കിപീഡിയ ചർച്ചാവേദി"><span>പഞ്ചായത്ത്</span></a></li><li id="n-Embassy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:Embassy"><span>Embassy</span></a></li><li id="n-അപ്‌ലോഡ്‌" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D"><span>അപ്‌ലോഡ്‌</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation-sb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation-sb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> വഴികാട്ടി </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="സഹായം ലഭ്യമായ ഇടം"><span>സഹായം</span></a></li><li id="n-sandbox-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF"><span>എഴുത്തുകളരി</span></a></li><li id="n-styleguide-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82"><span>ശൈലീപുസ്തകം</span></a></li><li id="n-policies-and-gl-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82"><span>നയങ്ങളും മാർഗ്ഗരേഖകളും</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-communication-sb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-communication-sb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ആശയവിനിമയം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-livechat-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%90.%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC.%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF."><span>തത്സമയ സംവാദം</span></a></li><li id="n-maillist-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D"><span>മെയിലിങ് ലിസ്റ്റ്</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="വിക്കിപീഡിയ" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ml.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="<small>വിക്കിപീഡിയ, ഒരു സ്വതന്ത്ര വിജ്ഞാനകോശം</small>" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ml.svg" width="119" height="12" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>തിരയൂ</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക" aria-label="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക" autocapitalize="sentences" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="പ്രത്യേകം:അന്വേഷണം"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">തിരയൂ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ദൃശ്യരൂപം</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ml.wikipedia.org&uselang=ml" class=""><span>ധനസമാഹരണം</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD&returnto=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D+%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF+%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD" title="നിർബന്ധമില്ലെങ്കിലും, താങ്കൾ ഒരു അംഗത്വമെടുക്കണമെന്നും പ്രവേശിക്കണമെന്നും താത്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു" class=""><span>അംഗത്വമെടുക്കുക</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82&returnto=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D+%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF+%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD" title="ലോഗിൻ ചെയ്യുവാൻ താല്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു; പക്ഷേ നിർബന്ധമല്ല [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>പ്രവേശിക്കുക</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="കൂടുതൽ ഐച്ഛികങ്ങൾ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ml.wikipedia.org&uselang=ml"><span>ധനസമാഹരണം</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD&returnto=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D+%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF+%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD" title="നിർബന്ധമില്ലെങ്കിലും, താങ്കൾ ഒരു അംഗത്വമെടുക്കണമെന്നും പ്രവേശിക്കണമെന്നും താത്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>അംഗത്വമെടുക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" 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കണ്ണികൾ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-പുറത്തേക്കുള്ള_കണ്ണികൾ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ഉള്ളടക്കം" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 ഭാഷകൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ആഫ്രിക്കാൻസ്" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ആഫ്രിക്കാൻസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – സ്വിസ് ജർമ്മൻ" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="സ്വിസ് ജർമ്മൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84" title="ملف الضبط الاستنادي المتكامل – അറബിക്" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ملف الضبط الاستنادي المتكامل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="അറബിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D9%81_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84" title="ملف استنادى متكامل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ملف استنادى متكامل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – അസ്ട്ടൂരിയൻ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="അസ്ട്ടൂരിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – അസർബൈജാനി" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="അസർബൈജാനി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ബെലാറുഷ്യൻ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ബെലാറുഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Колективен нормативен архив – ബൾഗേറിയൻ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Колективен нормативен архив" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ബൾഗേറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2" title="इंटीग्रेटेड ऑथारिटी फाइल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इंटीग्रेटेड ऑथारिटी फाइल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File – ബോസ്നിയൻ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Integrated Authority File" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ബോസ്നിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – കറ്റാലാൻ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="കറ്റാലാൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ചെക്ക്" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ചെക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – വെൽഷ്" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="വെൽഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഡാനിഷ്" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ഡാനിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ജർമ്മൻ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ജർമ്മൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഗ്രീക്ക്" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ഗ്രീക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File – ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Integrated Authority File" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komuna_Norma_Datumaro" title="Komuna Norma Datumaro – എസ്‌പരാന്റോ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komuna Norma Datumaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="എസ്‌പരാന്റോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – സ്‌പാനിഷ്" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="സ്‌പാനിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ബാസ്‌ക്" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ബാസ്‌ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="برگه‌دان مستند فراگیر – പേർഷ്യൻ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برگه‌دان مستند فراگیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="പേർഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/GND_(tunniste)" title="GND (tunniste) – ഫിന്നിഷ്" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="GND (tunniste)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ഫിന്നിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഫ്രഞ്ച്" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ഫ്രഞ്ച്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemiansoom_Normdatei" title="Gemiansoom Normdatei – നോർത്തേൻ ഫ്രിഷ്യൻ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Gemiansoom Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="നോർത്തേൻ ഫ്രിഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File – സ്കോട്ടിഷ് ഗൈലിക്" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Integrated Authority File" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="സ്കോട്ടിഷ് ഗൈലിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഗലീഷ്യൻ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ഗലീഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A5_%D7%91%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%91" title="קובץ בקרה משולב – ഹീബ്രു" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קובץ בקרה משולב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ഹീബ്രു" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2" title="एकीकृत प्राधिकरण फ़ाइल – ഹിന്ദി" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एकीकृत प्राधिकरण फ़ाइल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ഹിന്ദി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integr%C3%A1lt_katal%C3%B3gust%C3%A1r" title="Integrált katalógustár – ഹംഗേറിയൻ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Integrált katalógustár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ഹംഗേറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – അർമേനിയൻ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="അർമേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഇന്തോനേഷ്യൻ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ഇന്തോനേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File – ഇലോകോ" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Integrated Authority File" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ഇലോകോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഇറ്റാലിയൻ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ഇറ്റാലിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E5%85%B8%E6%8B%A0%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB" title="統合典拠ファイル – ജാപ്പനീസ്" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="統合典拠ファイル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ജാപ്പനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File – ജോർജിയൻ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Integrated Authority File" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ജോർജിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B8%EC%9E%90%EB%A9%94_%EB%85%B8%EB%A6%84%EB%8B%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B4" title="게마인자메 노름다타이 – കൊറിയൻ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="게마인자메 노름다타이" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="കൊറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Обединета нормативна податотека – മാസിഡോണിയൻ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Обединета нормативна податотека" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="മാസിഡോണിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B2" title="इंटिग्रेटेड अथॉरिटी फाईल – മറാത്തി" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इंटिग्रेटेड अथॉरिटी फाईल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="മറാത്തി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail_Kewibawaan_Bersepadu" title="Fail Kewibawaan Bersepadu – മലെയ്" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Fail Kewibawaan Bersepadu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="മലെയ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeensame_Normdatei" title="Gemeensame Normdatei – ലോ ജർമൻ" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gemeensame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ലോ ജർമൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഡച്ച്" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ഡച്ച്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – നോർവീജിയൻ നൈനോർക്‌സ്" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="നോർവീജിയൻ നൈനോർക്‌സ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – നോർവീജിയൻ ബുക്‌മൽ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="നോർവീജിയൻ ബുക്‌മൽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഓക്‌സിറ്റൻ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ഓക്‌സിറ്റൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – പോളിഷ്" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="പോളിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – പോർച്ചുഗീസ്" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="പോർച്ചുഗീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – റൊമാനിയൻ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="റൊമാനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – റഷ്യൻ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="റഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integratit_Authority_File" title="Integratit Authority File – സ്കോട്സ്" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Integratit Authority File" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="സ്കോട്സ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/GND" title="GND – സെർബോ-ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="GND" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="സെർബോ-ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80" title="සමෝධානික අධිකාරී ගොනුව – സിംഹള" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සමෝධානික අධිකාරී ගොනුව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="സിംഹള" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" title="Integrated Authority File – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Integrated Authority File" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – സ്ലോവാക്" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="സ്ലോവാക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – സ്ലോവേനിയൻ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="സ്ലോവേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/GND" title="GND – അൽബേനിയൻ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="GND" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="അൽബേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/GND" title="GND – സെർബിയൻ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="GND" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="സെർബിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – സ്വീഡിഷ്" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="സ്വീഡിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇంటెగ్రేటెడ్ అథారిటీ ఫైల్ – തെലുങ്ക്" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇంటెగ్రేటెడ్ అథారిటీ ఫైల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="തെലുങ്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCmle%C5%9Fik_Otorite_Dosyas%C4%B1" title="Tümleşik Otorite Dosyası – ടർക്കിഷ്" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tümleşik Otorite Dosyası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ടർക്കിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – ഉക്രേനിയൻ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ഉക്രേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B7_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%81" title="مربوط فائل مقتدرہ – ഉറുദു" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مربوط فائل مقتدرہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ഉറുദു" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei – വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ്" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Gemeinsame Normdatei" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3" title="整合规范文档 – വു ചൈനീസ്" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="整合规范文档" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="വു ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3" title="整合规范文档 – ചൈനീസ്" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="整合规范文档" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36578#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="അന്തർഭാഷാ കണ്ണികൾ തിരുത്തുക" class="wbc-editpage">കണ്ണികൾ തിരുത്തുക</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="നാമമേഖലകൾ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD&printable=yes" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ അച്ചടി രൂപം [p]" accesskey="p"><span>അച്ചടിരൂപം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ഇതരപദ്ധതികളിൽ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36578" title="ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ഡേറ്റാ ശേഖര ഇനത്തിലേയ്ക്കുള്ള കണ്ണി [g]" accesskey="g"><span>വിക്കിഡേറ്റ ഇനം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ദൃശ്യരൂപം</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">സൈഡ്‌ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">വിക്കിപീഡിയ, ഒരു സ്വതന്ത്ര വിജ്ഞാനകോശം.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrated_Authority_File&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">Integrated Authority File</a> എന്ന താളിൽ നിന്നും തിരിച്ചുവിട്ടതു പ്രകാരം)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ml" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4128903">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Integrated Authority File</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:Gemeinsame_Normdatei_2012_Opera.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gemeinsame_Normdatei_2012_Opera.png/240px-Gemeinsame_Normdatei_2012_Opera.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gemeinsame_Normdatei_2012_Opera.png/360px-Gemeinsame_Normdatei_2012_Opera.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Gemeinsame_Normdatei_2012_Opera.png/480px-Gemeinsame_Normdatei_2012_Opera.png 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="510" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">GND: Screenshot of the<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German National Library (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">German National Library</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Opera_(web_browser)" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera (web browser)">Browser: Opera 11.62</a>).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:6.5em;">ചുരുക്കം</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="Integrated Authority File">GND</abbr></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:6.5em;">തുടങ്ങിയത്</th><td class="infobox-data">5 ഏപ്രിൽ 2012<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2012-04-05</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:6.5em;">നിയന്ത്രിയ്ക്കുന്ന സംഘടന</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_National_Library&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German National Library (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">DNB</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:6.5em;">ഉദാഹരണം</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/7749153-1">7749153-1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:6.5em;">വെബ്സൈറ്റ്</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Professionell/Standardisierung/GND/gnd_node.html">www<wbr />.dnb<wbr />.de<wbr />/EN<wbr />/Professionell<wbr />/Standardisierung<wbr />/GND<wbr />/gnd<wbr />_node<wbr />.html</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36578#P856" title="വിക്കിഡാറ്റയിൽ തിരുത്തുക"><img alt="വിക്കിഡാറ്റയിൽ തിരുത്തുക" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><p>വ്യക്തിഗതനാമസംഘടനകൾക്കും വിഷയങ്ങളുടെ തലക്കെട്ടുകൾക്കും കോർപ്പറേറ്റുകൾക്കും വേണ്ടിയുള്ള <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D" title="ലൈബ്രറി കാറ്റലോഗ്">കാറ്റലോഗുകളിൽ</a> നിന്നുമുള്ള ഒരു അന്തർദേശീയ അതോറിറ്റി ഫയൽ ആണ് <b>ഇന്റഗ്രേറ്റഡ് അതോറിറ്റി ഫയൽ</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ">ജർമ്മൻ</a>: <span title="English-language text"><i lang="en">Gemeinsame Normdatei</i></span>;<i>സാർവത്രികമായ അതോറിറ്റി പ്രമാണം</i>) അല്ലെങ്കിൽ <b>GND</b>. ഇത് പ്രധാനമായും <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2" title="ഗ്രന്ഥശാല">ലൈബ്രറികളിലെ</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="ഡോക്യുമെന്റേഷൻ">ഡോക്യുമെന്റേഷനും</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="ആർക്കൈവ്">ആർക്കൈവുകളും</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="സംഗ്രഹാലയം">മ്യൂസിയങ്ങളും ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="ജർമ്മൻ നാഷണൽ ലൈബ്രറി">ജർമ്മൻ നാഷണൽ ലൈബ്രറി</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ">ജർമ്മൻ</a>: <span title="English-language text"><i lang="en">Deutsche Nationalbibliothek</i></span> ബിബ്ലിയോതെക്, DNB) ആണ് ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി നിയന്ത്രിക്കുന്നത്. ജർമ്മൻ സംസാരിക്കുന്ന യൂറോപ്പിലെയും മറ്റ് പങ്കാളികളിലെയും വിവിധ പ്രാദേശിക ലൈബ്രറി നെറ്റ്‌വർക്കുകളുമായി സഹകരിക്കുന്ന ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BA%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ക്രിയേറ്റീവ് കോമൺസ് അനുമതിപത്രം">ക്രിയേറ്റീവ് കോമൺസ് സീറോ</a> (സിസി 0) ലൈസൻസിന് കീഴിലാണ്.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി സ്‌പെസിഫിക്കേഷൻ ഉയർന്ന തലത്തിലുള്ള എന്റിറ്റികളുടെയും ഉപ-ക്ലാസുകളുടെയും ഒരു ശ്രേണി നൽകുന്നു ഇത് <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82_(%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD)" title="വർഗ്ഗീകരണം (ഗ്രന്ഥശാലാശാസ്ത്രത്തിൽ)">ലൈബ്രറി വർഗ്ഗീകരണത്തിൽ</a> ഉപയോഗപ്രദമാണ്, കൂടാതെ ഒറ്റ ഘടകങ്ങളെ വ്യക്തമായി തിരിച്ചറിയുന്നതിനുള്ള സമീപനവും. ആർ‌ഡി‌എഫ് ഫോർ‌മാറ്റിൽ‌ ലഭ്യമായ സെമാന്റിക് വെബിലെ വിജ്ഞാന പ്രാതിനിധ്യത്തിനായി ഉദ്ദേശിച്ചിട്ടുള്ള ഒരു ഒണ്ടോളജിയും ഇതിൽ ഉൾപ്പെടുന്നു.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ഇന്റഗ്രേറ്റഡ് അതോറിറ്റി ഫയൽ 2012 ഏപ്രിലിൽ പ്രവർത്തനക്ഷമമാവുകയും ഇനിപ്പറയുന്ന പിന്നീട് നിർത്തലാക്കിയ അതോറിറ്റി ഫയലുകളുടെ ഉള്ളടക്കം സംയോജിപ്പിക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു: </p> <ul><li>നെയിം അതോറിറ്റി ഫയൽ ( <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ">ജർമ്മൻ</a>: <span title="English-language text"><i lang="en">Personennamendatei</i></span>  ; PND)</li> <li>കോർപ്പറേറ്റ് ബോഡീസ് അതോറിറ്റി ഫയൽ ( <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ">ജർമ്മൻ</a>: <span title="English-language text"><i lang="en">Gemeinsame Körperschaftsdatei</i></span>  ; GKD)</li> <li>സബ്ജക്റ്റ് ഹെഡിംഗ്സ് അതോറിറ്റി ഫയൽ ( <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ">ജർമ്മൻ</a>: <span title="English-language text"><i lang="en">Schlagwortnormdatei</i></span>  ; SWD)</li> <li>യൂണിഫോം റ്റൈറ്റിൽ ഫയൽ ഓഫ് മ്യൂസിക്കാർക്കിവ് ( <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ജർമ്മൻ ഭാഷ">ജർമ്മൻ</a>: <span title="English-language text"><i lang="en">Einheitssachtitel-Datei des Deutschen Musikarchivs</i></span>  ; DMA-EST)</li></ul> <p>2012 ഏപ്രിൽ 5 ന്‌ അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്ന സമയത്ത്‌, 2,650,000 വ്യക്തിഗത പേരുകൾ‌ ഉൾപ്പെടെ 9,493,860 ഫയലുകൾ‌ ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി കൈവശം വച്ചിരുന്നു. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി_ഉയർന്ന_ലെവൽ‌_എന്റിറ്റികളുടെ_തരങ്ങൾ‌"><span id=".E0.B4.9C.E0.B4.BF.E2.80.8C.E0.B4.8E.E0.B5.BB.E2.80.8C.E0.B4.A1.E0.B4.BF_.E0.B4.89.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.BC.E0.B4.A8.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.A8_.E0.B4.B2.E0.B5.86.E0.B4.B5.E0.B5.BD.E2.80.8C_.E0.B4.8E.E0.B4.A8.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.B1.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.B1.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.B1.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.95.E0.B4.B3.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.9F.E0.B5.86_.E0.B4.A4.E0.B4.B0.E0.B4.99.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.99.E0.B5.BE.E2.80.8C"></span>ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി ഉയർന്ന ലെവൽ‌ എന്റിറ്റികളുടെ തരങ്ങൾ‌</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി ഉയർന്ന ലെവൽ‌ എന്റിറ്റികളുടെ തരങ്ങൾ‌"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>പ്രധാനമായും ഏഴ് തരം ജി‌എൻ‌ഡി എന്റിറ്റികളുണ്ട്: <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>ടൈപ്പ് ചെയ്യുക </th> <th>ജർമ്മൻ (ഔദ്യോഗിക) </th> <th>ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് പരിഭാഷ) </th></tr> <tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <td><b>p</b> </td> <td>വ്യക്തി ( <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">individualisiert</i></span> ) </td> <td>വ്യക്തി (വ്യക്തിഗതമാക്കിയത്) </td></tr> <tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <td><b>k</b> </td> <td><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Körperschaft</i></span> </td> <td>കോർപ്പറേറ്റ് ബോഡി </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>v</b> </td> <td><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Veranstaltung</i></span> </td> <td>ഇവന്റ് </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>w</b> </td> <td><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Werk</i></span> </td> <td>ജോലി </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>s</b> </td> <td><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Sachbegriff</i></span> </td> <td>വിഷയപരമായ പദം </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>g</b> </td> <td><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Geografikum</i></span> </td> <td>ഭൂമിശാസ്ത്രപരമായ സ്ഥലനാമം </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ഇതും_കാണുക"><span id=".E0.B4.87.E0.B4.A4.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.82_.E0.B4.95.E0.B4.BE.E0.B4.A3.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.95"></span>ഇതും കാണുക</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: ഇതും കാണുക"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ലിബ്രിസ്</li> <li>വെർച്വൽ ഇന്റർനാഷണൽ അതോറിറ്റി ഫയൽ</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="അവലംബം"><span id=".E0.B4.85.E0.B4.B5.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.82.E0.B4.AC.E0.B4.82"></span>അവലംബം</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: അവലംബം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4123595">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnb.de/EN/Professionell/Standardisierung/GND/gnd_node.html">www<wbr />.dnb<wbr />.de<wbr />/EN<wbr />/Professionell<wbr />/Standardisierung<wbr />/GND<wbr />/gnd<wbr />_node<wbr />.html</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36578#P856" title="വിക്കിഡാറ്റയിൽ തിരുത്തുക"><img alt="വിക്കിഡാറ്റയിൽ തിരുത്തുക" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> Integrated Authority File (GND)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd">GND Ontology – Namespace Document</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130103070757/http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd">Archived</a> 2013-01-03 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., version 2012-06-30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnb.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/DNB/standardisierung/entitaetencodierung.pdf?__blob=publicationFile">Entitätencodierung: Vergaberichtlinien</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923215642/http://www.dnb.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/DNB/standardisierung/entitaetencodierung.pdf?__blob=publicationFile">Archived</a> 2015-09-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (short lists – old and new versions)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="പുറത്തേക്കുള്ള_കണ്ണികൾ"><span id=".E0.B4.AA.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.B1.E0.B4.A4.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.A4.E0.B5.87.E0.B4.95.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.95.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.B3.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.B3_.E0.B4.95.E0.B4.A3.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.A3.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.95.E0.B5.BE"></span>പുറത്തേക്കുള്ള കണ്ണികൾ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: പുറത്തേക്കുള്ള കണ്ണികൾ"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ജർമ്മൻ നാഷണൽ ലൈബ്രറിയിൽ നിന്നുള്ള <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnb.de/EN/gnd">ജി‌എൻ‌ഡിയെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള 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