CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="lv" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Čaula — Vikipēdija</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )lvwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"ydm","wgMonthNames":["","janvāris","februāris","marts","aprīlis","maijs","jūnijs","jūlijs","augusts","septembris","oktobris","novembris","decembris"],"wgRequestId":"9358eba2-d4e2-4e19-95a0-fe1e1af143c1","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Čaula","wgTitle":"Čaula","wgCurRevisionId":3895740,"wgRevisionId":3895740,"wgArticleId":352412,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Morfoloģija (bioloģija)"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"lv","wgPageContentLanguage":"lv","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Čaula","wgRelevantArticleId":352412,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{ "pageLanguageCode":"lv","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"lv"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":5000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q213096","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading", "ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.opacity-edit","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.edittop","ext.gadget.Editpage","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.wikibugs","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions", "wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=lv&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=lv&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=lv&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/2966k_Bali.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="960"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/2966k_Bali.jpg/800px-2966k_Bali.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/2966k_Bali.jpg/640px-2966k_Bali.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="512"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Čaula — Vikipēdija"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//lv.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Caula"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Labot šo lapu" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Vikipēdija (lv)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//lv.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Caula"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.lv"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Vikipēdija Atom padeve" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Čaula rootpage-Čaula skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Pāriet uz saturu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Galvenā izvēlne" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Galvenā izvēlne</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Galvenā izvēlne</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigācija </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/S%C4%81kumlapa" title="Iet uz sākumlapu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Sākumlapa</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Kopienas_port%C4%81ls" title="Šeit Tu vari uzdot sev interesējošus jautājumus"><span>Kopienas portāls</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aktualit%C4%81tes" title="Uzzini, kas nesen noticis Vikipēdijā"><span>Aktualitātes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="Izmaiņas, kas nesen izdarītas Vikipēdijā [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Pēdējās izmaiņas</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Iet uz nejauši izvēlētu lapu [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Nejauša lapa</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Saturs" title="Vieta, kur uzzināt par Vikipēdiju vairāk"><span>Palīdzība</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Pazi%C5%86ojumi_par_k%C4%BC%C5%ABd%C4%81m"><span>Paziņot par kļūdu</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipēdija:Kontakti"><span>Kontakti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/S%C4%81kumlapa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipēdija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-lv.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Brīvā enciklopēdija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-lv.svg" width="120" height="15" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.9375em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Meklēt Vikipēdijā [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Meklēt</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" aria-label="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Meklēt Vikipēdijā [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Meklēt</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Izskats" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Izskats</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv" class=""><span>Ziedojumi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=%C4%8Caula" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti." class=""><span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=%C4%8Caula" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dalībnieka rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dalībnieka izvēlne" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv"><span>Ziedojumi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=%C4%8Caula" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=%C4%8Caula" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapas redaktoriem, kuri nav pieslēgušies <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Ievads" aria-label="Uzzini vairāk par rediģēšanu"><span>uzzināt vairāk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="Labojumi, kas veikti no šīs IP adreses [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Devums</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Diskusija par labojumiem, kas izdarīti no šīs IP adreses [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusijas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Saturs" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Organismu_grupas_ar_čaulām" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organismu_grupas_ar_čaulām"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Organismu grupas ar čaulām</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organismu_grupas_ar_čaulām-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ģeoloģiskā_nozīme" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ģeoloģiskā_nozīme"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ģeoloģiskā nozīme</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ģeoloģiskā_nozīme-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atsauces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atsauces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Atsauces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atsauces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ārējās_saites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ārējās_saites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ārējās saites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ārējās_saites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Čaula</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 66 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skulp" title="Skulp – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skulp" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="صدفة بحرية – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صدفة بحرية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C4%B1qqula%C4%9F%C4%B1_(%C9%99h%C9%99ng_da%C5%9F%C4%B1)" title="Balıqqulağı (əhəng daşı) – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Balıqqulağı (əhəng daşı)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D2%A1" title="Ҡабырсаҡ – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ҡабырсаҡ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ракавіна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ракавіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Раковина – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Раковина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1e%CC%A4k-si%C5%8Fh" title="Káe̤k-siŏh – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Káe̤k-siŏh" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8E%A6" title="ᎤᏯᏍᎦ – čiroku" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎤᏯᏍᎦ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čiroku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%A1nka" title="Schránka – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Schránka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D3%97" title="Шапа хуранӗ – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Шапа хуранӗ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cragen" title="Cragen – velsiešu" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cragen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velsiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkylie" title="Konkylie – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konkylie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muschelschale" title="Muschelschale – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Muschelschale" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%87%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B9" title="Κοχύλι – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κοχύλι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seashell" title="Seashell – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Seashell" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konko" title="Konko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Konko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concha" title="Concha – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Concha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merikarp" title="Merikarp – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Merikarp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maskor" title="Maskor – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Maskor" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%81" title="صدف – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صدف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasawasa_kaukaua" title="Wasawasa kaukaua – fidžiešu" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Wasawasa kaukaua" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidžiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coquille_(biologie)" title="Coquille (biologie) – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coquille (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sliog%C3%A1n" title="Sliogán – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sliogán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuncha" title="Cuncha – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cuncha" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80" title="कौड़ी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कौड़ी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uvi%E1%B8%B7uq" title="Uviḷuq – inupiaku" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Uviḷuq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiaku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konko" title="Konko – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Konko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skel" title="Skel – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skel" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conchiglia" title="Conchiglia – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Conchiglia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E6%AE%BB" title="貝殻 – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="貝殻" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ნიჟარა – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიჟარა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81" title="ಕಪ್ಪೆಚಿಪ್ಪು – kannadu" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಪ್ಪೆಚಿಪ್ಪು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EA%B0%80%EB%B9%84" title="조가비 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="조가비" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%95_%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%9A%D9%BE" title="کاوٕ شوٚپ – kašmiriešu" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="کاوٕ شوٚپ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kašmiriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Раковина – kirgīzu" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Раковина" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concha" title="Concha – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Concha" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjelp" title="Sjelp – limburgiešu" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Sjelp" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriaukl%C4%97" title="Kriauklė – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kriauklė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akorandriaka" title="Akorandriaka – malagasu" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Akorandriaka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Раковина – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Раковина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%86%DA%A9" title="کلاچک – mazanderāņu" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="کلاچک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="कौडा – nepāliešu" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कौडा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepāliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schelp" title="Schelp – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schelp" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konkylie" title="Konkylie – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Konkylie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muszla" title="Muszla – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Muszla" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concha" title="Concha – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Concha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Раковина – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Раковина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="वराटिका – sanskrits" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="वराटिका" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunchigghia" title="Cunchigghia – sicīliešu" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cunchigghia" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicīliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seashell" title="Seashell – skotu" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Seashell" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(zoology)" title="Shell (zoology) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shell (zoology)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angalool" title="Angalool – somāļu" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Angalool" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cangkang" title="Cangkang – zundu" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Cangkang" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="zundu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koa" title="Koa – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Koa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Садаф – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Садаф" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="เปลือกหอย – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เปลือกหอย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabibe" title="Kabibe – tagalu" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kabibe" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deniz_kabu%C4%9Fu" title="Deniz kabuğu – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deniz kabuğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Черепашка – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Черепашка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%81" title="سمندری صدف – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سمندری صدف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chig%CA%BBanoq" title="Chigʻanoq – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Chigʻanoq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capa" title="Capa – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Capa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schelpe" title="Schelpe – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Schelpe" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%A3%B3" title="贝壳 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="贝壳" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E6%AE%BC" title="貝殼 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="貝殼" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E6%AE%BC" title="貝殼 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="貝殼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q213096#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Labot starpvalodu saites" class="wbc-editpage">Labot saites</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vārdtelpas"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Caula" title="Apskatīt rakstu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Raksts</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusija:%C4%8Caula&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusija par šī raksta lapu (vēl nav uzrakstīts) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mainīt valodas variantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">latviešu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Apskates"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Caula"><span>Skatīt</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&veaction=edit" title="Labot šo lapu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Labot šo lapu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=edit" title="Labot šīs lapas pirmkodu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Labot pirmkodu</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=history" title="Šīs lapas iepriekšējās versijas. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Hronoloģija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Rīki" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Rīki</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Darbības </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Caula"><span>Skatīt</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&veaction=edit" title="Labot šo lapu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Labot šo lapu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=edit" title="Labot šīs lapas pirmkodu [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Labot pirmkodu</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=history"><span>Hronoloģija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vispārīgi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/%C4%8Caula" title="Visas Vikipēdijas lapas, kurās ir saites uz šejieni [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Norādes uz šo rakstu</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/%C4%8Caula" rel="nofollow" title="Izmaiņas, kas nesen izdarītas lapās, kurās ir saites uz šo lapu [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Saistītās izmaiņas</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="Visu īpašo lapu uzskaitījums [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Īpašās lapas</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&oldid=3895740" title="Paliekoša saite uz šo lapas versiju"><span>Pastāvīgā saite</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=info" title="Vairāk informācijas par šo lapu"><span>Lapas informācija</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=%C4%8Caula&id=3895740&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Kā pareizi atsaukties uz šo rakstu"><span>Atsauce uz šo lapu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Flv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C4%258Caula"><span>Iegūt saīsinātu URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Flv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C4%258Caula"><span>Lejupielādēt QR kodu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drukāt/eksportēt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%C4%8Caula"><span>Izveidot grāmatu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%C4%8Caula&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lejupielādēt kā PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&printable=yes" title="Drukājama lapas versija [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukājama versija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Citos projektos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Seashell" hreflang="en"><span>Vikikrātuve</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q213096" title="Saistītais Vikidatu ieraksts [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ieraksts Vikidatos</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izskats</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipēdijas lapa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:2966k_Bali.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/2966k_Bali.jpg/150px-2966k_Bali.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/2966k_Bali.jpg/225px-2966k_Bali.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/2966k_Bali.jpg/300px-2966k_Bali.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="819" /></a><figcaption>Foraminīferu čaulas</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Ostracoda_hg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Ostracoda_hg.jpg/150px-Ostracoda_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Ostracoda_hg.jpg/225px-Ostracoda_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Ostracoda_hg.jpg/300px-Ostracoda_hg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5197" data-file-height="4252" /></a><figcaption>Gliemeņvēža čaula</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Anim1032_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Anim1032_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/150px-Anim1032_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Anim1032_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/225px-Anim1032_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Anim1032_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg/300px-Anim1032_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Sprogkāju <i>Coronula diadema</i> čaulas</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Shell_Island_1985.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Shell_Island_1985.jpg/150px-Shell_Island_1985.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Shell_Island_1985.jpg/225px-Shell_Island_1985.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Shell_Island_1985.jpg/300px-Shell_Island_1985.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2113" data-file-height="1796" /></a><figcaption>Molusku čaulas</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Leptaena_romboidalis_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Leptaena_romboidalis_4.jpg/150px-Leptaena_romboidalis_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Leptaena_romboidalis_4.jpg/225px-Leptaena_romboidalis_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Leptaena_romboidalis_4.jpg/300px-Leptaena_romboidalis_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2992" data-file-height="2184" /></a><figcaption>Fosilo pleckāju čaulas</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Čaula</b> ir ārējs <a href="/wiki/Skelets" title="Skelets">skeleta</a> veidojums, kas klāj dažādu <a href="/wiki/Bezmugurkaulnieki" title="Bezmugurkaulnieki">bezmugurkaulnieku</a> un <a href="/wiki/Vien%C5%A1%C5%AB%C5%86i" title="Vienšūņi">vienšūņu</a> grupu pārstāvju ķermeņus. Parasti tai ir organismu sargājoša funkcija. Ar bezmugurkaulnieku čaulu izpēti nodarbojas <a href="/wiki/Biolo%C4%A3ija" title="Bioloģija">bioloģijas</a> nozare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konhiolo%C4%A3ija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konhioloģija (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">konhioloģija</a>. Reizēm cilvēkos interesi izraisa <a href="/wiki/Gliemji" title="Gliemji">gliemju</a> čaulu jeb gliemežvāku <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kolekcion%C4%93%C5%A1ana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kolekcionēšana (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kolekcionēšana</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organismu_grupas_ar_čaulām"><span id="Organismu_grupas_ar_.C4.8Daul.C4.81m"></span>Organismu grupas ar čaulām</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Organismu grupas ar čaulām" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Organismu grupas ar čaulām"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Protisti" title="Protisti">Protisti</a> (vienšūņi): </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foramin%C4%ABferas" title="Foraminīferas">Foraminīferas</a>. Foraminīferu čaulas ir dažādās formās, tās var būt gan vienkameru, gan daudzkameru čaulas. Pēc sava sastāva tās var būt <a href="/wiki/Organiskas_vielas" class="mw-redirect" title="Organiskas vielas">organiskas</a>, vai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aglutin%C4%93%C5%A1ana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aglutinēšana (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">aglutinētas</a> ar dažādām sīkām daļiņām un sacementētām ar organisko <a href="/wiki/Cements" title="Cements">cementu</a>, vai arī no <a href="/wiki/Kalc%C4%ABts" title="Kalcīts">kalcīta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Микропалеонтология_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Микропалеонтология-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grom%C4%ABdas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gromīdas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Gromīdas</a>. Gromīdām ir vienkameru čaulas ar vienu atveri un veidotas no organiskas vielas.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tectofilosida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tectofilosida (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Tectofilosida</a></i>. Tām ir vienkameru čaulas ar vienu vai divām atverēm, veidotas no organiskas vielas, bet reizēm var būt aglutinētas ar sīkām daļiņām.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eiglif%C4%ABdas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eiglifīdas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Eiglifīdas</a>. Eiglifīdām ir vienkameru čaulas, kas sastāv no <a href="/wiki/Krams" title="Krams">krama</a> plāksnītēm.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcelin%C4%ABdas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arcelinīdas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Arcelinīdas</a>. Arcelinīdām ir vienkameru čaulas, kas sastāv no organiskas vielas vai arī aglutinētas (sīkas <a href="/wiki/Kvarcs" title="Kvarcs">kvarca</a> daļiņas sacementētas ar organiso cementu).</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trichosida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trichosida (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Trichosida</a></i>. Trihozīdām ir elastīgas, no fibroza materiāla veidotas vienkameru čaulas. Agrāk šī grupa ar četrām iepriekšējām tika apvienotas <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caulam%C4%93bas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Čaulamēbas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">čaulamēbu</a> kārtā.</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Dz%C4%ABvnieki" title="Dzīvnieki">Dzīvnieki</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%93%C5%BEveid%C4%ABgie" title="Vēžveidīgie">Vēžveidīgie</a>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lapk%C4%81ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lapkāji (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Lapkāji</a>. Lapkājiem ir <a href="/wiki/Hit%C4%ABns" title="Hitīns">hitīna</a> čaulas, kas sastāv no diviem vāciņiem.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glieme%C5%86v%C4%93%C5%BEi" title="Gliemeņvēži">Gliemeņvēži</a>. Gliemeņvēžiem ir divdaļīgas čaulas, kas sastāv no labā un kreisā vāciņa. Čaulu iekšpuse ir hitinizēta, bet ārpuse apkaļķota.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprogk%C4%81ji" title="Sprogkāji">Sprogkāji</a>. Sprogkaju čaula sastāv no vairākām kaļķa plāksnītēm.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C4%93%C5%BEi_vienu%C4%BCnieki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vēži vienuļnieki (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Vēži vienuļnieki</a>. Vientuļnieki neveido savas čaulas, taču daudzas to sugas izmanto piemērota izmēra <a href="/wiki/V%C4%93derk%C4%81ji" class="mw-redirect" title="Vēderkāji">vēderkāju</a> čaulas.</li></ul></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gliemji" title="Gliemji">Gliemji</a>. Gliemjien ir uz organiska pamata veidotas kaļķa čaulas. Tās var būt no viena gabala, vai no diviem atsevišķiem vāciņiem (labā un kreisā), var būt no astoņām vai septiņām plāksnītēm (<a href="/wiki/Bru%C5%86glieme%C5%BEi" title="Bruņgliemeži">bruņgliemežiem</a>). <a href="/wiki/Galvk%C4%81ji" title="Galvkāji">Galvkājiem</a> var būt daudzkameru čaula.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleck%C4%81ji" title="Pleckāji">Pleckāji</a>. Pleckāju čaula sastāv no 2 vāciņiem (muguras un vēdera vāciņi). Pēc sastāva tie var būt veidoti vai nu no kalcīta, vai arī no hitīnfosfāta (<a href="/wiki/Prote%C4%ABni" class="mw-redirect" title="Proteīni">proteīna</a> un <a href="/wiki/Kalcija_fosf%C4%81ts" title="Kalcija fosfāts">kalcija fosfāta</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ģeoloģiskā_nozīme"><span id=".C4.A2eolo.C4.A3isk.C4.81_noz.C4.ABme"></span>Ģeoloģiskā nozīme</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Ģeoloģiskā nozīme" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ģeoloģiskā nozīme"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dažādu organismu grupu čaulu sakopojumiem ir liela nozīme dažu <a href="/wiki/%C5%AAdenstilpe" title="Ūdenstilpe">ūdenstilpju</a> nogulumu un <a href="/wiki/Nogulumie%C5%BEi" title="Nogulumieži">nogulumiežu</a> veidošanā. <a href="/wiki/Planktons" title="Planktons">Planktona</a> foraminīferu čaulu sakopojumi veido <a href="/w/index.php?title=Globiger%C4%ABna_d%C5%AB%C5%86as&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Globigerīna dūņas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">globigerīna dūņas</a> (nosaukums ņemts no <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Globigerina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Globigerina (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Globigerina</a></i> <a href="/wiki/%C4%A2ints_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Ģints (bioloģija)">ģints</a>). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuzulin%C4%ABdas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuzulinīdas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Fuzulinīdu</a> un <a href="/wiki/Numul%C4%ABti" title="Numulīti">numulītu</a> (lielas izmirušas foraminīferas) čaulu sakopojumiem ir bijusi liela loma atsevišķu <a href="/wiki/Ka%C4%BC%C4%B7akmens" title="Kaļķakmens">kaļķakmens</a> nogulumu veidošanā. Gliemju čaulas piedalās organogēno kaļķakmeņu veidošanā. <a href="/wiki/Latvija" title="Latvija">Latvijā</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glieme%C5%BEdolom%C4%ABts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gliemeždolomīts (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">gliemeždolomīti</a> tiek izmantoti kā <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apdares_materi%C4%81ls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apdares materiāls (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">apdares materiāls</a>. Bet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C4%81rnk%C4%81ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spārnkāji (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">spārnkāju</a> čaulas veido <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pteropodu_d%C5%AB%C5%86as&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pteropodu dūņas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">pteropodu dūņas</a>. </p><p>Daudzu organismu grupu čaulas labi saglabājas <a href="/wiki/Fosilijas" title="Fosilijas">fosilā</a> veidā. Un pēc tām var rekonstruēt apstākļus <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%A2eolo%C4%A3isk%C4%81_v%C4%93sture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ģeoloģiskā vēsture (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">ģeoloģiskajā vēsturē</a>, kā arī izmantot <a href="/wiki/Stratigr%C4%81fija" title="Stratigrāfija">stratigrāfijā</a> korelējot dažādus <a href="/wiki/Nogulumie%C5%BEi" title="Nogulumieži">nogulumus</a> un nosakot slāņu vecumu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Atsauces"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Микропалеонтология-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Микропалеонтология_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Маслакова Н. И., Горбачик Т. Н., Алексеев А. С., Барсков И. С., Голубев С. Н., Назаров Б. Б., Петрушевская М. Г.</i> Микропалеонтология. — Москва: Издательство Московского университета, 1995. — 256 с. — 1000 экз. <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-211-03386-8" title="Special:BookSources/5-211-03386-8">ISBN 5-211-03386-8</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&action=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ārējās saites"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami <a href="/wiki/Multivides" title="Multivides">multivides</a> faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Seashells" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Seashells">Čaula</a></b></i>.</li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/seashell"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/biologiya/rakoviny">Enciklopēdijas <i>Krugosvet</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Saturs iegūts no "<a dir="ltr" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Čaula&oldid=3895740">https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Čaula&oldid=3895740</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Kategorija</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Morfolo%C4%A3ija_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Kategorija:Morfoloģija (bioloģija)">Morfoloģija (bioloģija)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Šī lapa pēdējoreiz labota: 2023. gada 5. augusts plkst. 21.49.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teksts ir pieejams saskaņā ar <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike licenci</a>; var pastāvēt papildu ierobežojumi. Plašākai informācijai skatīt <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Lieto%C5%A1anas_noteikumi" title="Vikipēdija:Lietošanas noteikumi">lietošanas noteikumus</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privātuma politika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Par">Par Vikipēdiju</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Saist%C4%ABbu_atrunas">Saistību atrunas</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Izstrādātāji</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/lv.wikipedia.org">Statistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Sīkdatņu deklarācija</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//lv.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C4%8Caula&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilais skats</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-694cf4987f-xv6hl","wgBackendResponseTime":173,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.074","walltime":"0.392","ppvisitednodes":{"value":155,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1377,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":94,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":935,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 100.437 1 -total"," 45.62% 45.822 1 Veidne:Sisterlinks-inline"," 40.03% 40.201 1 Veidne:Atsauces"," 35.98% 36.139 1 Veidne:ISBN"," 22.46% 22.562 1 Veidne:Main_other"," 14.14% 14.200 1 Veidne:Enciklopēdiju_ārējās_saites"," 1.64% 1.645 2 Veidne:Valodas_ikona"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.026","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1248382,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-7955f87976-tm4sj","timestamp":"20241119172004","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u010caula","url":"https:\/\/lv.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C4%8Caula","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q213096","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q213096","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2017-06-04T11:21:38Z","dateModified":"2023-08-05T19:49:52Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/7f\/2966k_Bali.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>