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</a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_to_Speaker_of_the_House_John_Boehner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Backlash_in_2016" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Backlash_in_2016"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Backlash in 2016 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Backlash_in_2016-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-During_Trump_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_Trump_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 During Trump administration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_Trump_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rejection_of_American_Health_Care_Act_in_2017" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rejection_of_American_Health_Care_Act_in_2017"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.1 Rejection of American Health Care Act in 2017 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rejection_of_American_Health_Care_Act_in_2017-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-During_first_impeachment_of_Trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_first_impeachment_of_Trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.2 During first impeachment of Trump </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_first_impeachment_of_Trump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meadows's_appointment_as_WH_chief_of_staff_and_Liz_Cheney_criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meadows's_appointment_as_WH_chief_of_staff_and_Liz_Cheney_criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.3 Meadows's appointment as WH chief of staff and Liz Cheney criticism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meadows's_appointment_as_WH_chief_of_staff_and_Liz_Cheney_criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020_National_Defense_Authorization_Act" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_National_Defense_Authorization_Act"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.4 2020 National Defense Authorization Act </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_National_Defense_Authorization_Act-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_attempting_to_overturn_2020_election_and_opposition_to_second_Trump_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_attempting_to_overturn_2020_election_and_opposition_to_second_Trump_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3.5 Role in attempting to overturn 2020 election and opposition to second Trump impeachment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_attempting_to_overturn_2020_election_and_opposition_to_second_Trump_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 2021–present </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-America_First_Caucus_and_MAGA_Squad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#America_First_Caucus_and_MAGA_Squad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.1 America First Caucus and MAGA Squad </div> </a> <ul id="toc-America_First_Caucus_and_MAGA_Squad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_Freedom_Caucus_Network" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_Freedom_Caucus_Network"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.2 State Freedom Caucus Network </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_Freedom_Caucus_Network-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Respect_for_Marriage_Act" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Respect_for_Marriage_Act"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4.3 Respect for Marriage Act </div> 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class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Political positions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Leadership </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Membership </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Membership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Membership subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Membership_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Membership policy </div> </a> <ul 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<div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.1 Left caucus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Left_caucus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Removed_from_caucus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Removed_from_caucus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.2 Removed from caucus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Removed_from_caucus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lost_renomination_or_re-election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lost_renomination_or_re-election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.3 Lost renomination or re-election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lost_renomination_or_re-election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Retired_or_died" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Retired_or_died"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4.4 Retired or died </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Retired_or_died-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul 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encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Republican US congressional caucus</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #E81B23; border-bottom:2px solid #E81B23; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Freedom Caucus</div> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><a href="/wiki/File:House_Freedom_Caucus_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/d0/House_Freedom_Caucus_logo.png/180px-House_Freedom_Caucus_logo.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d0/House_Freedom_Caucus_logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="165" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Chair</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">Andy Harris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">January 26, 2015; 9 years ago (2015-01-26)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Split from</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">American nationalism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_conservatism" title="National conservatism">National conservatism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing populism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li><li>Faction:</li><li><a href="/wiki/Right-libertarianism" title="Right-libertarianism">Right-libertarianism</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">Right-wing</a> to <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">National affiliation</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Conference_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Conference of the United States House of Representatives">House Republican Conference</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">38 / 220<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 17%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;">38 / 435<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 9%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://housefreedomfund.com">Campaign website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://statefreedomcaucus.org">State Freedom Caucus Network website</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #B0161E; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Conservatism in the United States">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#B0161E; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">Conservatism in the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/135px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/180px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="476" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compassionate_conservatism" title="Compassionate conservatism">Compassionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">Fiscal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusionism" title="Fusionism">Fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism#Relation_to_American_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_conservatism" title="Libertarian conservatism">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_conservatism" title="Moderate conservatism">Moderate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_conservatism" title="Movement conservatism">Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism">Neo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postliberalism" title="Postliberalism">Postliberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism#United_States" title="Right-wing populism">Populist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_conservatism" title="Progressive conservatism">Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Social conservatism in the United States">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straussianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Straussianism">Straussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Traditionalist conservatism in the United States">Traditionalist</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">American exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">American nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism#United_States" title="Christian nationalism">Christian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_civil_religion" title="American civil religion">Civil religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">Classical liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism_in_the_United_States" title="Constitutionalism in the United States">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_life" title="Culture of life">Culture of life</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_anti-abortion_movement" title="United States anti-abortion movement">Pro-life</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familialism#United_States" title="Familialism">Familialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_values" title="Family values">Family values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">Federalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">States' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_essentialism" title="Gender essentialism">Gender essentialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Complementarianism" title="Complementarianism">Complementarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian_ethics" title="Judeo-Christian ethics">Judeo-Christian values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_order_(politics)" title="Law and order (politics)">Law and order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_government" title="Limited government">Limited government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_aristocracy" title="Natural aristocracy">Natural aristocracy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_militarism" title="United States militarism">Militarism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_through_strength" title="Peace through strength">Peace through strength</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_absolutism" title="Moral absolutism">Moral absolutism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordered_liberty" title="Ordered liberty">Ordered liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americanism_(ideology)" title="Americanism (ideology)">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">Property rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Right to bear arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">Supply-side economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_humanism_(literature)" title="New humanism (literature)">New Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians" title="Southern Agrarians">Southern Agrarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)" title="Old Right (United States)">Old Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Manifesto" title="Conservative Manifesto">Conservative Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_coalition" title="Conservative coalition">Conservative coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Committee" title="America First Committee">America First Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign">Goldwater campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Right#United_States" title="New Right">New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_era" title="Reagan era">Reagan era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaganomics" title="Reaganomics">Reaganomics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism_and_paleoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism">Neo- vs. paleoconservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemers" title="Redeemers">Redeemers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a></li> <li>Trump era <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">First term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidency of Donald Trump">Second term</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams" title="Henry Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Anton" title="Michael Anton">Anton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Babbitt" title="Irving Babbitt">Babbitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bacevich" title="Andrew Bacevich">Bacevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bell" title="Daniel Bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Bellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_L._Berger" title="Peter L. Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Bloom" title="Allan Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Boorstin" title="Daniel J. Boorstin">Boorstin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burnham" title="James Burnham">Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Carl" title="Jeremy Carl">Carl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Deneen" title="Patrick Deneen">Deneen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Eastman" title="Max Eastman">Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Francis_(writer)" title="Sam Francis (writer)">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Genovese" title="Eugene Genovese">Genovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gottfried" title="Paul Gottfried">Gottfried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson" title="Victor Davis Hanson">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoram_Hazony" title="Yoram Hazony">Hazony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Himmelfarb" title="Gertrude Himmelfarb">Himmelfarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Hermann_Hoppe" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston" title="Zora Neale Hurston">Hurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_V._Jaffa" title="Harry V. Jaffa">Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willmoore_Kendall" title="Willmoore Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Kimball" title="Roger Kimball">Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeane_Kirkpatrick" title="Jeane Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kreeft" title="Peter Kreeft">Kreeft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Kristol" title="Irving Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_von_Kuehnelt-Leddihn" title="Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn">Kuehnelt-Leddihn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyle_H._Lanier" title="Lyle H. Lanier">Lanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lasch" title="Christopher Lasch">Lasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lind" title="Michael Lind">Lind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft" title="H. P. Lovecraft">Lovecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Loury" title="Glenn Loury">Loury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lukacs" title="John Lukacs">Lukacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">Mencken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Meyer_(political_philosopher)" title="Frank Meyer (political philosopher)">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Molnar" title="Thomas Molnar">Molnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Murray_(political_scientist)" title="Charles Murray (political scientist)">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet" title="Robert Nisbet">Nisbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crowe_Ransom" title="John Crowe Ransom">Ransom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Rieff" title="Philip Rieff">Rieff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Schaeffer" title="Francis Schaeffer">Schaeffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Sowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Viereck" title="Peter Viereck">Viereck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Voegelin" title="Eric Voegelin">Voegelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Weaver" title="Richard M. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Weyl" title="Nathaniel Weyl">Weyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams (John)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">Adams (John Quincy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bolton" title="John Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush (George H. W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Bush (George W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">DeSantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Hawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover (Herbert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Huckabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Boothe_Luce" title="Clare Boothe Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy" title="Joseph McCarthy">McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul (Rand)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Paul (Ron)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randolph_of_Roanoke" title="John Randolph of Roanoke">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Rumsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Huckabee_Sanders" title="Sarah Huckabee Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Santorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Taft (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_of_Caroline" title="John Taylor of Caroline">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Wolfowitz" title="Paul Wolfowitz">Wolfowitz</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Jurists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Bork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_E._Burger" title="Warren E. Burger">Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Colson" title="Charles Colson">Colson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_T._Frelinghuysen" title="Frederick T. Frelinghuysen">Frelinghuysen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._George" title="Robert P. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Goldsmith" title="Jack Goldsmith">Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lino_Graglia" title="Lino Graglia">Graglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Harlan_II" title="John Marshall Harlan II">Harlan II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Luttig" title="J. Michael Luttig">Luttig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Meese" title="Edwin Meese">Meese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker" title="Alton B. Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">Rehnquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Terry_Sanford" title="Edward Terry Sanford">Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Scalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sutherland" title="George Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Thomas (Clarence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Vermeule" title="Adrian Vermeule">Vermeule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Whittaker" title="Charles Evans Whittaker">Whittaker</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sohrab_Ahmari" title="Sohrab Ahmari">Ahmari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bongino" title="Dan Bongino">Bongino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Breitbart" title="Andrew Breitbart">Breitbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan (Pat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Caldwell_(journalist)" title="Christopher Caldwell (journalist)">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson" title="Tucker Carlson">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_Cass" title="Oren Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chodorov" title="Frank Chodorov">Chodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Coulter" title="Ann Coulter">Coulter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinesh_D%27Souza" title="Dinesh D'Souza">D'Souza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Derbyshire" title="John Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_DiLorenzo" title="Thomas DiLorenzo">DiLorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Douthat" title="Ross Douthat">Douthat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Dreher" title="Rod Dreher">Dreher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Elder" title="Larry Elder">Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fleming_(political_writer)" title="Thomas Fleming (political writer)">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Goldberg" title="Jonah Goldberg">Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Grant_(radio_host)" title="Bob Grant (radio host)">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyssa_Farah_Griffin" title="Alyssa Farah Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_van_den_Haag" title="Ernest van den Haag">Van den Haag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Hannity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Hegseth" title="Pete Hegseth">Hegseth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Herberg" title="Will Herberg">Herberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hoover" title="Margaret Hoover">Hoover (Margaret)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Ingraham" title="Laura Ingraham">Ingraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megyn_Kelly" title="Megyn Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Knowles_(political_commentator)" title="Michael Knowles (political commentator)">Knowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Krauthammer" title="Charles Krauthammer">Krauthammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomi_Lahren" title="Tomi Lahren">Lahren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Levin" title="Mark Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Limbaugh" title="Rush Limbaugh">Limbaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Mac_Donald" title="Heather Mac Donald">Mac Donald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Metaxas" title="Eric Metaxas">Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_John_Neuhaus" title="Richard John Neuhaus">Neuhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Ngo" title="Andy Ngo">Ngo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_North" title="Oliver North">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Novak" title="Robert Novak">Novak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_O%27Reilly_(political_commentator)" title="Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)">O'Reilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candace_Owens" title="Candace Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Podhoretz" title="Norman Podhoretz">Podhoretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pool" title="Tim Pool">Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Portnoy" title="David Portnoy">Portnoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Prager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Robertson" title="Pat Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Shapiro" title="Ben Shapiro">Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amity_Shlaes" title="Amity Shlaes">Shlaes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan" title="Andrew Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Walsh_(political_commentator)" title="Matt Walsh (political commentator)">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Watters" title="Jesse Watters">Watters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Whittle" title="Bill Whittle">Whittle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Wintrich" title="Lucian Wintrich">Wintrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Woods" title="Tom Woods">Woods</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Activists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Abramoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Agostinelli" title="Robert Agostinelli">Agostinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Ahmanson_Jr." title="Howard Ahmanson Jr.">Ahmanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Andreessen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Andreessen">Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Bannon" title="Steve Bannon">Bannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitlin_Bennett" title="Kaitlin Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Bezmenov" title="Yuri Bezmenov">Bezmenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">Bozell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Cohn" title="Roy Cohn">Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Coors" title="Joseph Coors">Coors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dans" title="Paul Dans">Dans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dobson" title="James Dobson">Dobson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Dolan_(activist)" title="Terry Dolan (activist)">Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Drudge" title="Matt Drudge">Drudge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell" title="Jerry Falwell">Falwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Feulner" title="Edwin Feulner">Feulner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Gabriel" title="Brigitte Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz" title="David Horowitz">Horowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Krikorian_(activist)" title="Mark Krikorian (activist)">Krikorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Kristol" title="Bill Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_LaHaye" title="Beverly LaHaye">LaHaye (Beverly)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_LaHaye" title="Tim LaHaye">LaHaye (Tim)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Leo" title="Leonard Leo">Leo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEntee_(political_aide)" title="John McEntee (political aide)">McEntee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebekah_Mercer" title="Rebekah Mercer">Mercer (Rebekah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mercer" title="Robert Mercer">Mercer (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miller_(political_advisor)" title="Stephen Miller (political advisor)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Murdoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Musk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Keefe" title="James O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeonmi_Park" title="Yeonmi Park">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Prager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Reed" title="Ralph Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Regnery" title="Henry Regnery">Regnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Roberts_(political_strategist)" title="Kevin Roberts (political strategist)">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rove" title="Karl Rove">Rove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rufo" title="Christopher Rufo">Rufo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rusher" title="William A. Rusher">Rusher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mellon_Scaife" title="Richard Mellon Scaife">Scaife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schlafly" title="Andrew Schlafly">Schlafly (Andrew)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Schlafly" title="Phyllis Schlafly">Schlafly (Phyllis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Stone" title="Roger Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robby_Starbuck" title="Robby Starbuck">Starbuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Thiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Viguerie" title="Richard Viguerie">Viguerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginni_Thomas" title="Ginni Thomas">Thomas (Ginni)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" title="Booker T. Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Weyrich" title="Paul Weyrich">Weyrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Wood" title="Robert E. Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Yenor" title="Scott Yenor">Yenor</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a> (1788)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_America" title="Democracy in America">Democracy in America</a> (1835–1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_and_Leadership" title="Democracy and Leadership">Democracy and Leadership</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_Democracy" title="Notes on Democracy">Notes on Democracy</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians#I'll_Take_My_Stand" title="Southern Agrarians">I'll Take My Stand</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Enemy,_the_State" title="Our Enemy, the State">Our Enemy, the State</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Managerial_Revolution" title="The Managerial Revolution">The Managerial Revolution</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideas_Have_Consequences" title="Ideas Have Consequences">Ideas Have Consequences</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_and_Man_at_Yale" title="God and Man at Yale">God and Man at Yale</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Mind" title="The Conservative Mind">The Conservative Mind</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conscience_of_a_Conservative" title="The Conscience of a Conservative">The Conscience of a Conservative</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Choice_Not_an_Echo" title="A Choice Not an Echo">A Choice Not an Echo</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Losing_Ground:_American_Social_Policy,_1950%E2%80%931980" class="mw-redirect" title="Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950–1980">Losing Ground</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Conflict_of_Visions" title="A Conflict of Visions">A Conflict of Visions</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Closing_of_the_American_Mind" title="The Closing of the American Mind">The Closing of the American Mind</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bell_Curve:_Intelligence_and_Class_Structure_in_American_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life">The Bell Curve</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Revolt_of_the_Elites" title="The Revolt of the Elites">The Revolt of the Elites</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_the_West" title="The Death of the West">The Death of the West</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Blank_Slate" title="The Blank Slate">The Blank Slate</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Rednecks_and_White_Liberals" title="Black Rednecks and White Liberals">Black Rednecks and White Liberals</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillbilly_Elegy" title="Hillbilly Elegy">Hillbilly Elegy</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Benedict_Option" title="The Benedict Option">The Benedict Option</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Why_Liberalism_Failed" title="Why Liberalism Failed">Why Liberalism Failed</a> (2018)</li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Concerns</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancel_culture#American_public_opinion" title="Cancel culture">Cancel Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_war#United_States" title="Culture war">Culture war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_multiculturalism#United_States" title="Criticism of multiculturalism">Multiculturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disparate_impact#Controversy" title="Disparate impact">"Disparate impact" controversy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020s_controversies_around_critical_race_theory" title="2020s controversies around critical race theory">CRT controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity,_equity,_and_inclusion#Criticism_and_controversy" title="Diversity, equity, and inclusion">DEI controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griggs_v._Duke_Power_Co." title="Griggs v. Duke Power Co.">Griggs v. Duke Power Co.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_bubble_in_the_United_States" title="Higher education bubble in the United States">Higher ed. bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_woke,_go_broke" title="Go woke, go broke">Go woke, go broke</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental,_social,_and_governance#Criticism" title="Environmental, social, and governance">ESG</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Corporate_sociopolitical_activism#Counter-movement" title="Corporate sociopolitical activism">Woke capitalism</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeschooling#United_States" title="Homeschooling">Homeschooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_reduction_in_the_United_States" title="Immigration reduction in the United States">Immigration reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">Illegal immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States_and_crime" title="Illegal immigration to the United States and crime">Immigration and crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border_crisis" title="Mexico–United States border crisis">Border crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_public_policy" title="Intelligence and public policy">Intelligence and public policy</a></li> <li>Constitutional interpretations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Originalism" title="Originalism">Originalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textualism" title="Textualism">Textualism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managerial_state" title="Managerial state">Managerial state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudsill_theory" title="Mudsill theory">Mudsill theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Second Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-replacement_fertility#United_States" title="Sub-replacement fertility">Sub-replacement fertility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitary_executive_theory" title="Unitary executive theory">Unitary executive</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist">Active <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Party_(1969)" title="American Party (1969)">American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">Conservative Party of New York State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></li></ul> Defunct <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonic_Party" title="Anti-Masonic Party">Anti-Masonic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Union Party (United States)">Constitutional Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> (historically, factions) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boll_weevil_(politics)" title="Boll weevil (politics)">Boll weevils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democrat" title="Conservative Democrat">Conservative Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixiecrat" title="Dixiecrat">Dixiecrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan Democrats">Reagan Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Democrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Democrat">Southern Democrats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorr_Rebellion" title="Dorr Rebellion">Rhode Island Suffrage Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Party" title="National Republican Party">National Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American Party">Native American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Think tanks</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acton_Institute" title="Acton Institute">Acton Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution" title="Alexis de Tocqueville Institution">AdTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Enterprise_Institute" title="American Enterprise Institute">AEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Security_Policy" title="Center for Security Policy">CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_National_Interest" title="Center for the National Interest">Center for the National Interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Institute" title="Claremont Institute">Claremont Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">CEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz_Freedom_Center" title="David Horowitz Freedom Center">CSPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_and_Public_Policy_Center" title="Ethics and Public Policy Center">EPPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Institute" title="Family Research Institute">FRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatestone_Institute" title="Gatestone Institute">Gatestone Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartland_Institute" title="Heartland Institute">Heartland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership" title="Mandate for Leadership">Mandate for Leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_2025" title="Project 2025">Project 2025</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Institution" title="Hoover Institution">Hoover Institution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Institute" title="Hudson Institute">Hudson Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_Studies_Institute" title="Intercollegiate Studies Institute">ISI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Program_in_American_Ideals_and_Institutions" title="James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions">James Madison Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_Institute" title="Leadership Institute">Leadership Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Institute_for_Policy_Research" title="Manhattan Institute for Policy Research">Manhattan Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mises_Institute" title="Mises Institute">Mises Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Research_Institute" title="Pacific Research Institute">PRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_for_the_New_American_Century" title="Project for the New American Century">Project for the New American Century</a> (Defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_Street_Institute" title="R Street Institute">R Street Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockford_Institute" title="Rockford Institute">Rockford Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Policy_Network" title="State Policy Network">SPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutherland_Institute" title="Sutherland Institute">Sutherland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Foundation" title="Tax Foundation">Tax Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witherspoon_Institute" title="Witherspoon Institute">Witherspoon Institute</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> Newspapers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Morning_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Morning News">Dallas Morning News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Epoch_Times" title="The Epoch Times">The Epoch Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Union_Leader" title="New Hampshire Union Leader">New Hampshire Union Leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Voice" title="The Jewish Voice">The Jewish Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">The New York Observer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Remnant_(newspaper)" title="The Remnant (newspaper)">The Remnant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a> <a href="/wiki/Editorial_board_at_The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="Editorial board at The Wall Street Journal">(editorial board)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a></li></ul> Journals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Affairs" title="American Affairs">American Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Conservative" title="The American Conservative">The American Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Spectator" title="The American Spectator">The American Spectator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Thinker" title="American Thinker">American Thinker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Journal" title="City Journal">City Journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Review_of_Books" title="Claremont Review of Books">Claremont Review of Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commentary_(magazine)" title="Commentary (magazine)">Commentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_(American_magazine)" title="Compact (American magazine)">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronicles_(magazine)" title="Chronicles (magazine)">Chronicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Things" title="First Things">First Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Imaginative_Conservative" title="The Imaginative Conservative">The Imaginative Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_World_Review" title="Jewish World Review">Jewish World Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Age_(periodical)" title="Modern Age (periodical)">Modern Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Affairs" title="National Affairs">National Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_National_Interest" title="The National Interest">The National Interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_American" title="The New American">The New American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Atlantis_(journal)" title="The New Atlantis (journal)">The New Atlantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Criterion" title="The New Criterion">The New Criterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policy_Review" title="Policy Review">Policy Review</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Discourse" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Discourse">Public Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Partisan" title="Southern Partisan">Southern Partisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectator_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectator USA">Spectator USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablet_(magazine)" title="Tablet (magazine)">Tablet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taki%27s_Magazine" title="Taki's Magazine">Taki's Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telos_(journal)" title="Telos (journal)">Telos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weekly_Standard" title="The Weekly Standard">The Weekly Standard</a> (defunct)</li></ul> TV channels <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Broadcasting_Network" title="Christian Broadcasting Network">CBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Business" title="Fox Business">Fox Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsmax_TV" title="Newsmax TV">Newsmax TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_News_Network" title="One America News Network">One America News Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VOZ_(media_company)" title="VOZ (media company)">VOZ</a></li></ul> Websites <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Babylon_Bee" title="The Babylon Bee">Babylon Bee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breitbart_News" title="Breitbart News">Breitbart News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bulwark_(website)" title="The Bulwark (website)">The Bulwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_Reform" title="Campus Reform">Campus Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Center_Square" title="The Center Square">The Center Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Review" title="Conservative Review">Conservative Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Caller" title="The Daily Caller">Daily Caller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Signal" title="The Daily Signal">Daily Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Wire" title="The Daily Wire">Daily Wire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discover_the_Networks" title="Discover the Networks">Discover the Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_(website)" title="The Federalist (website)">The Federalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FrontPage_Magazine" title="FrontPage Magazine">FrontPage Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_Porch_Republic" title="Front Porch Republic">Front Porch Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gateway_Pundit" title="The Gateway Pundit">Gateway Pundit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Air" title="Hot Air">Hot Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Events" title="Human Events">Human Events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Journal_Review" title="Independent Journal Review">Independent Journal Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InfoWars" title="InfoWars">InfoWars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad_Watch" title="Jihad Watch">Jihad Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LifeZette" title="LifeZette">LifeZette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NewsBusters" class="mw-redirect" title="NewsBusters">NewsBusters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PJ_Media" title="PJ Media">PJ Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rare_(website)" title="Rare (website)">Rare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RedState" title="RedState">RedState</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townhall" title="Townhall">Townhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitchy" title="Twitchy">Twitchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Free_Beacon" title="The Washington Free Beacon">The Washington Free Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Western_Journal" title="The Western Journal">The Western Journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldNetDaily" title="WorldNetDaily">WorldNetDaily</a></li></ul> Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaze_Media" title="Blaze Media">Blaze Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encounter_Books" title="Encounter Books">Encounter Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evie_Magazine" title="Evie Magazine">Evie Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_TV" title="The First TV">The First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imprimis" title="Imprimis">Imprimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Political_Cesspool" title="The Political Cesspool">The Political Cesspool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Publishing" title="Passage Publishing">Passage Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PragerU" title="PragerU">PragerU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealClearPolitics" title="RealClearPolitics">RealClearPolitics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare_(podcast)" title="Red Scare (podcast)">Red Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnery_Publishing" title="Regnery Publishing">Regnery Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Side_Broadcasting_Network" title="Right Side Broadcasting Network">RSBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rubin_Report" title="The Rubin Report">The Rubin Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Broadcast_Group" title="Sinclair Broadcast Group">Sinclair Broadcast Group</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Other organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> Economics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Tax_Reform" title="Americans for Tax Reform">ATR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Independent_Business" title="National Federation of Independent Business">NFIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Taxpayers_Union" title="National Taxpayers Union">NTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Patriots" title="Tea Party Patriots">Tea Party Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="United States Chamber of Commerce">USCC</a></li></ul> Gun rights <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_Owners_of_America" title="Gun Owners of America">GOA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_Gun_Rights" title="National Association for Gun Rights">NAGR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association" title="National Rifle Association">NRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_Caucus" title="Second Amendment Caucus">Second Amendment Caucus</a></li></ul> Identity politics <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACT_for_America" title="ACT for America">ACT!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerned_Women_for_America" title="Concerned Women for America">CWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Conservative_Citizens" title="Council of Conservative Citizens">Council of Conservative Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gays_Against_Groomers" title="Gays Against Groomers">GAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Women%27s_Forum" title="Independent Women's Forum">IWF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">LCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moms_for_Liberty" title="Moms for Liberty">Moms for Liberty</a></li></ul> Nativist <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Immigration_Studies" title="Center for Immigration Studies">CIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_for_American_Immigration_Reform" title="Federation for American Immigration Reform">FAIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NumbersUSA" title="NumbersUSA">NumbersUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oath_Keepers" title="Oath Keepers">Oath Keepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Percenters" title="Three Percenters">Three Percenters</a></li></ul> Religion <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="Alliance Defending Freedom">ADF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_court_cases_involving_Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="List of court cases involving Alliance Defending Freedom">Court cases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Center_for_Law_%26_Justice" title="American Center for Law & Justice">ACLJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Family_Association" title="American Family Association">AFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_the_Defense_of_Tradition,_Family_and_Property" title="American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property">The American TFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcedon_Foundation" title="Chalcedon Foundation">Chalcedon Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Coalition_of_America" title="Christian Coalition of America">CCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Voice_(United_States)" title="Christian Voice (United States)">Christian Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Forum" title="Eagle Forum">Eagle Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Council" title="Family Research Council">FCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fellowship_(Christian_organization)" title="The Fellowship (Christian organization)">The Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_and_Freedom_Coalition" title="Faith and Freedom Coalition">FFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focus_on_the_Family" title="Focus on the Family">Focus on the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Moral_Law" title="Foundation for Moral Law">Foundation for Moral Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Counsel" title="Liberty Counsel">Liberty Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Majority" title="Moral Majority">Moral Majority</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_for_Marriage" title="National Organization for Marriage">NOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">NRLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parents_Television_and_Media_Council" title="Parents Television and Media Council">PTMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony_Pro-Life_America" title="Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America">Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More_Law_Center" title="Thomas More Law Center">Thomas More Law Center</a></li></ul> Watchdog groups <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_in_Media" title="Accuracy in Media">AIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Econ_Journal_Watch" title="Econ Journal Watch">Econ Journal Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_News_Foundation" title="Franklin News Foundation">Franklin News Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Watch" title="Judicial Watch">JW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Research_Center" title="Media Research Center">MRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Keefe_Media_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Keefe Media Group">O'Keefe Media Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Veritas" title="Project Veritas">Project Veritas</a> (defunct)</li></ul> Youth/student groups <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Journalism_Center" title="National Journalism Center">NJC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point_USA" title="Turning Point USA">TPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Freedom" title="Young Americans for Freedom">Young Americans for Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_America%27s_Foundation" title="Young America's Foundation">Young America's Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Liberty" title="Young Americans for Liberty">YAL</a></li></ul> Miscellaneous <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_85_Fund" title="The 85 Fund">The 85 Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Western_Civilization" title="Alexander Hamilton Institute for the Study of Western Civilization">AHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">ACU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Foundation" title="Bradley Foundation">Bradley Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">TCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_National_Policy" title="Council for National Policy">CNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="Conservative Political Action Conference">CPAC</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsdale_College" title="Hillsdale College">Hillsdale College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Freedom_Foundation" title="Idaho Freedom Foundation">IFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">JBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Olin_Foundation" title="John M. Olin Foundation">John M. Olin Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Fund" title="Liberty Fund">Liberty Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">LU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Scholars" title="National Association of Scholars">NAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Society" title="Philadelphia Society">Philadelphia Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_University" title="Regent University">Regent University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">RSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk_Center_for_Cultural_Renewal" title="Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal">Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Public_Policy_Foundation" title="Texas Public Policy Foundation">TPPF</a></li></ul> Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Legal" title="America First Legal">AFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Network" title="Atlas Network">Atlas Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Network" title="Collegiate Network">CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donors_Trust" title="Donors Trust">Donors Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Society" title="Federalist Society">FedSoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettr" title="Gettr">Gettr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Justice_Institute" title="Pacific Justice Institute">PJI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parler" title="Parler">Parler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(app)" title="The Right Stuff (app)">The Right Stuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Civic_Renewal" title="Society for American Civic Renewal">SACR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">YRNF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziklag_(organization)" title="Ziklag (organization)">Ziklag</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Movements</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_and_Pacific_Islands_American_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Asian American and Pacific Islands American conservatism in the United States">Asian and Pacific Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Black conservatism in the United States">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_reconstructionism#Influence_on_the_Christian_right_in_general" title="Christian reconstructionism">Reconstructionism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_education_movement" title="Classical education movement">Classical education movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paideia" title="Paideia">Paideia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Women in conservatism in the United States">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_conservatism#United_States" title="Green conservatism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Hispanic and Latino conservatism in the United States">Hispanic and Latino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_conservatism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT conservatism in the United States">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">Libertarian republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_militia_movement" title="American militia movement">Militia movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Monarchism in the United States">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_and_politics_in_the_United_States" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and politics in the United States">Mormon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_Horse_Prophecy" title="White Horse Prophecy">White Horse Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodemocracy" title="Theodemocracy">Theodemocracy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parental_rights_movement" title="Parental rights movement">Parental rights movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement" title="Fathers' rights movement">Fathers' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_movement" title="Patriot movement">Patriot movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Patriot_movement" title="Christian Patriot movement">Christian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_right_(United_States)" title="Radical right (United States)">Radical right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary_feminism" title="Reactionary feminism">Reactionary feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-libertarianism#United_States" title="Right-libertarianism">Right-libertarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolibertarianism" title="Paleolibertarianism">Paleolibertarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secession_in_the_United_States" title="Secession in the United States">Secessionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confederates" title="Neo-Confederates">Neo-Confederates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_secession_movements" title="Texas secession movements">in Texas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Never_Trump_movement" title="Never Trump movement">Never Trump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_47" title="Agenda 47">Agenda 47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_First_(policy)" title="America First (policy)">America First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Bibliography of conservatism in the United States">Bibliography of US conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_talk_radio" title="Conservative talk radio">Conservative talk radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">GOP factions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="History of conservatism in the United States">History of US conservatism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Modern timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_conservatives" title="List of American conservatives">List of American conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservatism_Conference" title="National Conservatism Conference">NatCon</a></li> <li>Colloquialisms <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Barstool_conservatism" title="Barstool conservatism">Barstool conservatism</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cuckservative" title="Cuckservative">Cuckservative</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_immanentize_the_eschaton!" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't immanentize the eschaton!">Don't immanentize the eschaton!</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_pounce" title="Republicans pounce">Republicans pounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_in_Name_Only" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican in Name Only">RINO</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/South_Park_Republican" title="South Park Republican">South Park Republican</a>"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_US" title="Template talk:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The Freedom Caucus, also known as the House Freedom Caucus, is a <a href="/wiki/Congressional_caucus" title="Congressional caucus">congressional caucus</a> consisting of <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a>. It is generally considered to be the most conservative and furthest-right bloc within the chamber.<a href="#cite_note-Future-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-pew-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The caucus was formed in January 2015 by a group of conservatives and <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a> members,<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> with the aim of pushing the Republican leadership to the right.<a href="#cite_note-pew-2">[2]</a> Its first chairman, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a>, described the caucus as a "smaller, more cohesive, more agile and more active" group of conservative representatives.<a href="#cite_note-official-8">[8]</a> Its current chairman, <a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">Andy Harris</a> is considered to be a <a href="/wiki/Far_right_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Far right in the United States">far-right</a> politician due to his radical proposals.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Members of the Freedom Caucus are typically considered a part of the <a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">MAGA</a> movement and loyalists to <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>. The caucus is positioned <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right-wing</a> to <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a> on the political spectrum.<a href="#cite_note-vice.com-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-washingtontimes.com-12">[12]</a>The group takes hardline conservative positions and favors <a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Social conservatism in the United States">social conservatism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Small_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Small government">small government</a>,<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> along with <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing populist">right-wing populist</a> beliefs<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> such as opposition to <a href="/wiki/Immigration_reform_in_the_United_States" title="Immigration reform in the United States">immigration reform</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bade_6/27/2018-17">[17]</a> The group sought dozens of times to repeal the <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Established as a more conservative alternative to the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a>, the group initially emphasized <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">fiscal conservatism</a> and concerns about House rules, favoring budget cuts and a decentralization of power within the House of Representatives.<a href="#cite_note-Zanona-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">election of Donald Trump</a>, it became what <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> described as "more <a href="/wiki/Right_wing_populism" class="mw-redirect" title="Right wing populism">populist</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">nationalist</a>, but less bound by policy principles."<a href="#cite_note-Zanona-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Politico-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a> The caucus has included some members who are <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">libertarians</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Friedman-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Defying-24">[24]</a> The caucus supports House candidates through its <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">PAC</a>, the House Freedom Fund.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> The caucus also has official affiliated caucuses in state legislatures through the State Freedom Caucus Network.<a href="#cite_note-state-27">[27]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> The caucus originated during the mid–January 2015 Republican congressional retreat in <a href="/wiki/Hershey,_Pennsylvania" title="Hershey, Pennsylvania">Hershey, Pennsylvania</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> According to founding member <a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a>, "that was the first time we got together and decided we were a group, and not just a bunch of pissed-off guys".<a href="#cite_note-Lizza-29">[29]</a> Nine conservative Republican members of the House began planning a new congressional caucus separate from the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a> and apart from the <a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">House Republican Conference</a>. The founding members who constituted the first board of directors for the new caucus were Republican representatives <a href="/wiki/Scott_Garrett" title="Scott Garrett">Scott Garrett</a> of New Jersey, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a> of Ohio, <a href="/wiki/John_Fleming_(American_politician)" title="John Fleming (American politician)">John Fleming</a> of Louisiana, <a href="/wiki/Matt_Salmon" title="Matt Salmon">Matt Salmon</a> of Arizona, <a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a> of Michigan, <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Labrador" title="Raúl Labrador">Raúl Labrador</a> of Idaho, Mulvaney of South Carolina, <a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">Ron DeSantis</a> of Florida and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows_(North_Carolina_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Meadows (North Carolina politician)">Mark Meadows</a> of North Carolina.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> At the retreat in Pennsylvania, the group settled on the name Freedom Caucus. Mick Mulvaney told <a href="/wiki/Ryan_Lizza" title="Ryan Lizza">Ryan Lizza</a> of the <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">New Yorker</a>, "We had twenty names, and all of them were terrible. None of us liked the Freedom Caucus, either, but it was so generic and so universally awful that we had no reason to be against it." According to Lizza, "one of the working titles for the group was the Reasonable Nutjob Caucus."<a href="#cite_note-Lizza-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> During the crisis over the funding of the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Homeland_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a> in early 2015, the caucus offered four plans for resolution, but all were rejected by the Republican leadership. One of the caucus leaders, Raúl Labrador, said the caucus would offer an alternative that the most conservative Republican members could support.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_to_Speaker_of_the_House_John_Boehner">Opposition to Speaker of the House John Boehner</h3></div> The newly formed group declared that a criterion for new members in the group would be opposition to <a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">John Boehner</a> as <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House</a> and willingness to vote against or thwart him on legislation that the group opposed.<a href="#cite_note-housedivided-33">[33]</a> The House Freedom Caucus was involved in the resignation of Boehner on September 25, 2015, and the ensuing <a href="/wiki/October_2015_Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election" title="October 2015 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election">leadership battle for the new speaker</a>.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Members of the caucus who had voted against Boehner for speaker felt unfairly punished, accusing him of cutting them off from positions in the Republican Study Committee and depriving them of key committee assignments.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Boehner found it increasingly difficult to manage House Republicans with the fierce opposition of conservative members of the Republican Party in the House, and he sparred with those House Republicans in 2013 over their willingness to shut down the government in pursuit of goals such as repealing the Affordable Care Act. These Republicans later created and became members of the Freedom Caucus in 2015.<a href="#cite_note-housedivided-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> After Boehner resigned as speaker, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/House_Majority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="House Majority Leader">House majority leader</a>, was initially the lead contender to succeed him, but the Freedom Caucus withheld its support.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> However, McCarthy withdrew from the race on October 8, 2015, after appearing to suggest that the <a href="/wiki/Investigation_into_the_2012_Benghazi_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Investigation into the 2012 Benghazi attack">Benghazi investigation</a>'s purpose had been to lower the approval ratings of <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> On the same day as McCarthy's withdrawal, <a href="/wiki/Reid_Ribble" title="Reid Ribble">Reid Ribble</a> resigned from the Freedom Caucus saying he had joined to promote certain policies and could not support the role that it was playing in the leadership race.<a href="#cite_note-ribble-43">[43]</a> On October 20, 2015, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a> announced that his bid for the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">speaker of the United States House of Representatives</a> was contingent on an official endorsement by the Freedom Caucus.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> While the group could not reach the 80% approval that was needed to give an official endorsement, on October 21, 2015, it announced that it had reached a <a href="/wiki/Supermajority" title="Supermajority">supermajority</a> support for Ryan.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> On October 29, 2015, Ryan succeeded Boehner as the speaker of the House.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> On October 30, 2017, <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a> published an interview with Boehner, who said of the Freedom Caucus: "They can't tell you what they're for. They can tell you everything they're against. They're anarchists. They want total chaos. Tear it all down and start over. That's where their mindset is."<a href="#cite_note-Nguyen-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Backlash_in_2016">Backlash in 2016</h3></div> The group faced backlash from the Republican Party establishment during the 2016 election cycle.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> One of its members, Representative <a href="/wiki/Tim_Huelskamp" title="Tim Huelskamp">Tim Huelskamp</a>, a Tea Party Republican representing Kansas's first district, was defeated during a primary election on August 2, 2016, by <a href="/wiki/Roger_Marshall_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Marshall (politician)">Roger Marshall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_Trump_administration">During Trump administration</h3></div> Following the election of Donald Trump, Mulvaney said, "Trump wants to turn Washington upside down – that was his first message and his winning message. We want the exact same thing. To the extent that he's got to convince Republicans to change Washington, we're there to help him ... and I think that makes us Donald Trump's best allies in the House."<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Freedom Caucus vice chair <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a> said that during the Trump administration, the Freedom Caucus shifted focus from passing legislation to defending the President.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rejection_of_American_Health_Care_Act_in_2017">Rejection of American Health Care Act in 2017</h4></div> On March 24, 2017, the <a href="/wiki/American_Health_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="American Health Care Act">American Health Care Act</a> (AHCA), the House Republican bill to repeal and replace the <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a>, was withdrawn by Republican House Speaker Paul Ryan because it lacked the votes to pass, due in large part to opposition from Freedom Caucus Republicans who believed that the replacement provisions had the effect of failing to repeal some elements of the original Affordable Care Act.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Two days later, President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> publicly criticized the Freedom Caucus and other right-wing groups, such as the <a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a>, that opposed the bill. Trump tweeted: "Democrats are smiling in D.C. that the Freedom Caucus, with the help of Club For Growth and Heritage, have saved Planned Parenthood & Obamacare!"<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> On the same day, Representative <a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">Ted Poe</a> of Texas resigned from the Freedom Caucus.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> On March 30, 2017, Trump "declared war" on the Freedom Caucus, sending a tweet urging Republicans to "fight them" in the 2018 midterm elections "if they don't get on the team" (i.e., support Trump's proposals).<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Vocal Freedom Caucus member <a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a> responded by accusing Trump of "succumb[ing] to the D.C. Establishment."<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Trump later developed a closer relationship with the caucus chair, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows_(North_Carolina_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Meadows (North Carolina politician)">Mark Meadows</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In April 2018, Trump described three caucus members – Meadows, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">Ron DeSantis</a> – as "absolute warriors" for their defense of him during the course of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Counsel_investigation_(2017%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Counsel investigation (2017–present)">Special Counsel investigation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="During_first_impeachment_of_Trump">During first impeachment of Trump</h4></div> In May 2019, the Freedom Caucus officially condemned one of its founding members, <a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a>, after he called for the impeachment of President Trump over the <a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Ukraine_scandal" title="Trump–Ukraine scandal">Trump–Ukraine scandal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Amash, an outspoken libertarian, announced in June 2019 that he had left the caucus; later the same year, he left the Republican Party and joined the <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Party of the United States">Libertarian Party</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AmashResign-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_against_Donald_Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump">impeachment inquiry against Trump</a>, and subsequent <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">first impeachment</a> of Trump, the caucus emerged as a chief defender of Trump during the proceedings.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-117thnew2-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Meadows's_appointment_as_WH_chief_of_staff_and_Liz_Cheney_criticism">Meadows's appointment as WH chief of staff and Liz Cheney criticism</h4></div> In March 2020, former Freedom Caucus chair Mark Meadows was appointed as <a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House chief of staff</a>, replacing <a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a>, who was also a founding member of the Freedom Caucus.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Freedom Caucus members have called on <a href="/wiki/Liz_Cheney" title="Liz Cheney">Liz Cheney</a> to resign as <a href="/wiki/Chair_of_the_House_Republican_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair of the House Republican Conference">Chair of the House Republican Conference</a>, because of her vocal criticism of Trump's foreign policy, response to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, and use of social media,<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> leading to her firing May 12, 2021, and replacement by <a href="/wiki/Elise_Stefanik" title="Elise Stefanik">Elise Stefanik</a> two days later. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2020_National_Defense_Authorization_Act">2020 National Defense Authorization Act</h4></div> In December 2020, the caucus sided with Donald Trump and opposed the <a href="/wiki/William_M._(Mac)_Thornberry_National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2021" class="mw-redirect" title="William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021">NDAA</a> on the grounds that it did not include a provision to repeal <a href="/wiki/Section_230" title="Section 230">Section 230</a>.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Role_in_attempting_to_overturn_2020_election_and_opposition_to_second_Trump_impeachment">Role in attempting to overturn 2020 election and opposition to second Trump impeachment</h4></div> After Trump lost <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">his bid for reelection in November 2020</a>, many members of the Freedom Caucus supported Trump's <a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">attempt to overturn the election results</a>. In early December 2020, amid pressure from Trump on congressional Republicans to help him subvert the election outcome, two dozen House Republicans, including many Freedom Caucus members, sent a letter to Trump asking him to order his <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney General of the United States">Attorney General</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_P._Barr" class="mw-redirect" title="William P. Barr">William P. Barr</a>, to appoint a Justice Department special counsel to investigate supposed election "irregularities", even though Barr had previously acknowledged that there was no evidence justifying such a step.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Several Freedom Caucus members met with officials at Trump's White House in December 2020, discussing ways to overturn the election results during the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2021 United States Electoral College vote count">2021 United States Electoral College vote count</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Most Freedom Caucus members objected to the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2021 United States Electoral College vote count">counting of the electoral votes</a> that formalized Trump's defeat.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">second impeachment of Donald Trump</a> for <a href="/wiki/Incitement_of_insurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="Incitement of insurrection">incitement of insurrection</a>, Freedom Caucus leadership and members demanded that Representative <a href="/wiki/Liz_Cheney" title="Liz Cheney">Liz Cheney</a>, one of 10 Republicans who voted in favor of impeachment, resign from her role as chairwoman of the House Republican Conference.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021–present">2021–present</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="America_First_Caucus_and_MAGA_Squad">America First Caucus and MAGA Squad</h4></div> In April 2021, a faction within the Freedom Caucus, led by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Gosar" title="Paul Gosar">Paul Gosar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a>, attempted to form a new splinter group called the "America First Caucus," along with <a href="/wiki/Matt_Gaetz" title="Matt Gaetz">Matt Gaetz</a>. Senior members of the Freedom Caucus reportedly reacted with "fury" to the proposal, with <a href="/wiki/Ken_Buck" title="Ken Buck">Ken Buck</a> publicly denouncing it.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> The new caucus was later scrapped.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Later, a faction emerged of Trump loyalists within the Freedom Caucus known as the '<a href="/wiki/MAGA" class="mw-redirect" title="MAGA">MAGA</a> Squad', which included Gosar, Greene, Gaetz, <a href="/wiki/Madison_Cawthorn" title="Madison Cawthorn">Madison Cawthorn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">Louie Gohmert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mo_Brooks" title="Mo Brooks">Mo Brooks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andy_Biggs" title="Andy Biggs">Andy Biggs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scott_Perry_(politician)" title="Scott Perry (politician)">Scott Perry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lauren_Boebert" title="Lauren Boebert">Lauren Boebert</a>. It was "not a formal caucus," but was described as more radical than the mainstream Freedom Caucus.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> The group supported primary challenges against incumbent Republicans during the <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 United States House of Representatives elections">2022 United States House of Representatives elections</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> In June 2023, following a feud with Boebert, Greene was expelled from the Freedom Caucus.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="State_Freedom_Caucus_Network">State Freedom Caucus Network</h4></div> In December 2021, the Freedom Caucus officially expanded to the state level, establishing the 'State Freedom Caucus Network' in state legislatures to provide legislators with additional resources.<a href="#cite_note-state-27">[27]</a> The group has state-level caucuses in ten states: Arizona, Idaho, Georgia, South Carolina, Mississippi, South Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Pennsylvania and Illinois.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Aside from the caucuses affiliated with the State Freedom Caucus Network, several state-level caucuses describing themselves as the "Freedom Caucus" exist in other state legislatures, including in Texas,<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> New Hampshire,<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> North Carolina,<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> Washington,<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> and Michigan.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> In February 2023, <a href="/wiki/David_Schweikert" title="David Schweikert">David Schweikert</a> cited the state level Arizona Freedom Caucus's association with <a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populism</a> as the reason for him leaving the Freedom Caucus on the federal level.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Respect_for_Marriage_Act">Respect for Marriage Act</h4></div> In July 2022, the caucus split over the <a href="/wiki/Respect_for_Marriage_Act" title="Respect for Marriage Act">Respect for Marriage Act</a>, which recognized a statutory right to <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States" title="Same-sex marriage in the United States">same-sex marriage</a>. All members voted against except Chairperson Scott Perry (R-PA), who joined 46 other Republicans and all Democrats in voting for the bill. The Freedom Caucus adopted a formal position urging Senate Republicans to block the bill, and Perry later voted against its final passage.<a href="#cite_note-HFCRFMA-91">[91]</a> To take a formal position on legislation, the Freedom Caucus requires the support of 80% of the caucus's members.<a href="#cite_note-HFCRFMA-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="118th_Congress_House_Republican_leadership_elections_(2023)">118th Congress House Republican leadership elections (2023)</h4></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/January_2023_Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election" title="January 2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election">January 2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election</a></div> In the <a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 United States House of Representatives elections">November 2022 elections</a>, Republicans narrowly regained control of the House of Representatives <a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">that opened in January 2023</a>. The Freedom Caucus was actively involved in the ensuing House Republican leadership elections, but was divided over whether to challenge House Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">Kevin McCarthy</a>'s bid to be <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker of the House of Representatives</a>.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Before the internal House Republican election, the caucus issued an array of demands that would fundamentally change House procedure by weakening the power of the speaker and strengthening the power of both the caucus and rank-and-file House Republicans as a whole.<a href="#cite_note-SpeakershipTrouble-93">[93]</a> These included making it easier to oust a speaker by reviving the <a href="/wiki/Motion_to_vacate_the_chair" title="Motion to vacate the chair">motion to vacate</a> the chair; allowing ten percent of the Republican conference to force a vote on any amendment, thus reducing the speaker's control over legislation; and codifying the <a href="/wiki/Hastert_rule" title="Hastert rule">Hastert rule</a> ("majority-of-the-majority" rule), which would block all legislation except those supported by a majority of House Republicans.<a href="#cite_note-SpeakershipTrouble-93">[93]</a> Former caucus chair <a href="/wiki/Andy_Biggs" title="Andy Biggs">Andy Biggs</a> launched a challenge to McCarthy,<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> but McCarthy earned the Republican nomination for speaker,<a href="#cite_note-McCarthyNom-95">[95]</a> by defeating Biggs in a 188–31 secret ballot vote,<a href="#cite_note-DohertySolender-96">[96]</a> with an additional five Republicans writing in other names.<a href="#cite_note-Elliott-97">[97]</a> McCarthy ran with the endorsement of other Freedom Caucus members, such as vice chair <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a>,<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Schweikert" title="David Schweikert">David Schweikert</a>,<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mtg-100">[100]</a> Caucus member <a href="/wiki/Byron_Donalds" title="Byron Donalds">Byron Donalds</a> also ran for <a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">House Republican Conference</a> chair, but lost to incumbent <a href="/wiki/Elise_Stefanik" title="Elise Stefanik">Elise Stefanik</a>,<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> while member <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Clyde" title="Andrew Clyde">Andrew Clyde</a> ran for House Republican Conference secretary, but lost to <a href="/wiki/Lisa_McClain" title="Lisa McClain">Lisa McClain</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> McCarthy needed 218 votes from the House floor to be elected speaker in the January 3, 2023, vote.<a href="#cite_note-McCarthyNom-95">[95]</a> After winning the internal Republican nomination, some Freedom Caucus members became outspoken supporters of McCarthy, including Jordan, a former McCarthy rival<a href="#cite_note-BeaversCarney-103">[103]</a> who was set to be chairperson of the House Judiciary Committee.<a href="#cite_note-Brooks-104">[104]</a> Marjorie Taylor Greene also backed McCarthy, saying that any alternative to McCarthy would be insufficiently right-wing.<a href="#cite_note-Brooks-104">[104]</a> Other caucus members resisted supporting McCarthy, with five members saying they would vote against him, although they have not coalesced around a specific alternative candidate.<a href="#cite_note-Brooks-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-SolanderMathProblem-105">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-BeaversCarney-103">[103]</a> A third group of caucus members did not publicly support or oppose McCarthy's speakership bid, seeking to extract concessions from him.<a href="#cite_note-Brooks-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-SolanderMathProblem-105">[105]</a> Because the House Republicans only had a narrow majority (222–212), McCarthy could not gain a majority unless nearly all Republicans voted for him.<a href="#cite_note-Elliott-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-SolanderMathProblem-105">[105]</a> McCarthy warned his internal opponents that the next speaker of the House could be chosen with House Democratic votes if the Republican caucus failed to unite around him.<a href="#cite_note-DohertySolender-96">[96]</a> In December 2022, seven hardline Republicans, including Freedom Caucus chairperson Scott Perry and several members of the caucus, issued a letter demanding certain commitments from a speaker; the letter repeated many demands that the group had made in summer 2022, including securing an increase in Freedom Caucus representation in committee chairpersonships and in the <a href="/wiki/House_Rules_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Rules Committee">House Rules Committee</a>; barring the House Republican leadership and House Republican <a href="/wiki/Leadership_PAC" class="mw-redirect" title="Leadership PAC">leadership PACs</a> from getting involved in primaries (as McCarthy has done); and restoring the motion to vacate the chair.<a href="#cite_note-Brooks-104">[104]</a> In January 2023, 19 Freedom Caucus members voted against McCarthy during the House floor vote for Speaker,<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> eventually allowing McCarthy to become Speaker only after he had agreed to make extensive House rules concessions to the rebels.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2023_conflict_with_Marjorie_Taylor_Greene">2023 conflict with Marjorie Taylor Greene</h4></div> After the contested House Speaker election, Marjorie Taylor Greene broke with the caucus's positions and aligned herself with McCarthy. On June 21, 2023, Greene engaged in a heated conversation with fellow caucus member Lauren Boebert on the House floor, in which the former called the latter a "little <a href="/wiki/Bitch_(slang)" title="Bitch (slang)">bitch</a>."<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> As a result of this incident, the caucus moved to expel Greene in a secret vote prior to the Fourth of July recess.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2023_debt-ceiling_crisis">2023 debt-ceiling crisis</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2023_United_States_debt-ceiling_crisis" title="2023 United States debt-ceiling crisis">2023 United States debt-ceiling crisis</a></div> In May 2023, Speaker McCarthy worked with the Biden administration to pass a compromise debt-ceiling reform and spending bill, with the Freedom Caucus supporting the bills as part of the compromise that got McCarthy elected speaker.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> By suspending the debt ceiling until January 2025, the government avoided a first-ever default. The spending bill focused on issues such as military construction and veterans affairs.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Removal_of_Kevin_McCarthy_as_speaker">Removal of Kevin McCarthy as speaker</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Removal_of_Kevin_McCarthy_as_Speaker_of_the_House" title="Removal of Kevin McCarthy as Speaker of the House">Removal of Kevin McCarthy as Speaker of the House</a></div> In September 2023, the federal government appeared poised to shut down after representatives could not vote on a series of <a href="/wiki/Appropriations_bill_(United_States)" title="Appropriations bill (United States)">appropriations bills</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> The Freedom Caucus threatened to depose McCarthy if he turned to Democrats to gather more votes.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> On September 29, <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> reported that Representative <a href="/wiki/Matt_Gaetz" title="Matt Gaetz">Matt Gaetz</a> had reached out to <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a> chair <a href="/wiki/Pramila_Jayapal" title="Pramila Jayapal">Pramila Jayapal</a>, among other Democrats about removing McCarthy.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> The following day, hours before a shutdown was expected to occur, the House of Representatives passed a bipartisan <a href="/wiki/Continuing_resolution" title="Continuing resolution">continuing resolution</a> to fund the government through November 17. The resolution was passed in the Senate and signed by President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>, averting a <a href="/wiki/Government_shutdowns_in_the_United_States" title="Government shutdowns in the United States">shutdown</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Representative <a href="/wiki/Matt_Gaetz" title="Matt Gaetz">Matt Gaetz</a>, who had led resistance to McCarthy,<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> announced in an interview with <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> that he would move to remove McCarthy for working with Democrats.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesAnnouncement-118">[118]</a> On October 2, Gaetz filed a <a href="/wiki/Motion_to_vacate_the_chair" title="Motion to vacate the chair">motion to vacate</a>, forcing a vote on McCarthy's removal within two legislative days.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Voting began the following day; McCarthy ruled out a deal with Democrats. Representative <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cole" title="Tom Cole">Tom Cole</a> unsuccessfully moved to table the motion. The House proceeded with a successful <a href="/wiki/Removal_of_Kevin_McCarthy_as_Speaker_of_the_House" title="Removal of Kevin McCarthy as Speaker of the House">vote to vacate</a> on a 216–210 vote, the first time in congressional history that the chair was vacated.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2024_elections">2024 elections</h4></div> The chair of the Freedom Caucus, Bob Good, faced backlash for voting to remove Kevin McCarthy and endorsing Ron DeSantis in the <a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">2024 Republican Party presidential primaries</a>. The leadership positions held by Good and <a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">Chip Roy</a> in the Caucus led to a rift between the Freedom Caucus and Trump.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Good was ultimately defeated in a 2024 primary challenge from state senator <a href="/wiki/John_McGuire_(Virginia_politician)" title="John McGuire (Virginia politician)">John McGuire</a>, who was endorsed by <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>. McGuire won by a margin of 0.6%, with Good seeking a recount.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Good said he would resign as chair if he lost the recount, which he subsequently did lose.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-Good's_loss-124">[124]</a> Good stepped down as chair in September, when the House was back in session.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> <a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">Andy Harris</a> was chosen as the new chair of the Freedom Caucus for the rest of 2024.<a href="#cite_note-Andy_Harris-126">[126]</a> The Freedom Caucus supported the nomination of <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">JD Vance</a> as Trump's vice presidential candidate in the <a href="/wiki/2024_U.S._presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 U.S. presidential election">2024 U.S. presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2></div> The caucus is positioned <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right-wing</a><a href="#cite_note-vice.com-11">[11]</a> to <a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">far-right</a><a href="#cite_note-washingtontimes.com-12">[12]</a> on the political spectrum. On October 30, 2017, <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a> published an interview with <a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">John Boehner</a>, who said of the Freedom Caucus: "They can't tell you what they're for. They can tell you everything they're against. They're <a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Anarchism in the United States">anarchists</a>. They want total chaos. Tear it all down and start over. That's where their mindset is."<a href="#cite_note-Nguyen-47">[47]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">election of Donald Trump</a>, the Freedom Caucus shifted its emphasis to loyalty to Trump,<a href="#cite_note-Zanona-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-22">[22]</a> and became what <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a> described as "more <a href="/wiki/Right_wing_populism" class="mw-redirect" title="Right wing populism">populist</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">nationalist</a>, but less bound by policy principles."<a href="#cite_note-Politico-21">[21]</a> The caucus has included some members who are <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">libertarians</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Friedman-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-Defying-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2></div> The current chair of the caucus is Representative Andy Harris from Maryland, with Representative Jim Jordan as the deputy chair. In January 2022, Representative Lauren Boebert was elected as communications chair, and Representative Chip Roy as policy chair.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3">Chair </th> <th>Term start </th> <th>Term end </th> <th>Tenure </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Jordan_official_photo,_114th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Jim_Jordan_official_photo%2C_114th_Congress.jpg/90px-Jim_Jordan_official_photo%2C_114th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Jim_Jordan_official_photo%2C_114th_Congress.jpg/135px-Jim_Jordan_official_photo%2C_114th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Jim_Jordan_official_photo%2C_114th_Congress.jpg/180px-Jim_Jordan_official_photo%2C_114th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2364" data-file-height="3495" /></a> </td> <td>February 11, 2015 (2015-02-11) </td> <td>January 3, 2017 (2017-01-03) </td> <td>1 year, 327 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows" title="Mark Meadows">Mark Meadows</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_Meadows,_Official_Portrait,_113th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/90px-Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/135px-Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg/180px-Mark_Meadows%2C_Official_Portrait%2C_113th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2396" data-file-height="3602" /></a> </td> <td>January 3, 2017 (2017-01-03)<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> </td> <td>October 1, 2019 (2019-10-01) </td> <td>2 years, 271 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Andy_Biggs" title="Andy Biggs">Andy Biggs</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Andy_Biggs_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Andy_Biggs_official_portrait.jpg/90px-Andy_Biggs_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Andy_Biggs_official_portrait.jpg/135px-Andy_Biggs_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Andy_Biggs_official_portrait.jpg/180px-Andy_Biggs_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3333" data-file-height="5000" /></a> </td> <td>October 1, 2019 (2019-10-01)<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> </td> <td>January 1, 2022 (2022-01-01) </td> <td>2 years, 92 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Scott_Perry_(politician)" title="Scott Perry (politician)">Scott Perry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Scott_Perry,_official_portrait,_116th_congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Scott_Perry%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress.jpg/90px-Scott_Perry%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Scott_Perry%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress.jpg/135px-Scott_Perry%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Scott_Perry%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress.jpg/180px-Scott_Perry%2C_official_portrait%2C_116th_congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3333" data-file-height="5000" /></a> </td> <td>January 1, 2022 (2022-01-01) </td> <td>January 1, 2024 (2024-01-01)<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> </td> <td>2 years, 0 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bob_Good" title="Bob Good">Bob Good</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Bob_Good_117th_U.S_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Bob_Good_117th_U.S_Congress.jpg/90px-Bob_Good_117th_U.S_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Bob_Good_117th_U.S_Congress.jpg/135px-Bob_Good_117th_U.S_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Bob_Good_117th_U.S_Congress.jpg/180px-Bob_Good_117th_U.S_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3360" data-file-height="4200" /></a> </td> <td>January 1, 2024 (2024-01-01)<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> </td> <td>September 17, 2024 (2024-09-17) </td> <td>260 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">Andy Harris</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Andy_Harris_115th_Congress_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Andy_Harris_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Andy_Harris_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Andy_Harris_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Andy_Harris_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Andy_Harris_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Andy_Harris_115th_Congress_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="400" /></a> </td> <td>September 17, 2024 (2024-09-17)<a href="#cite_note-Andy_Harris-126">[126]</a> </td> <td>Incumbent </td> <td>69 days </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership">Membership</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:House_Freedom_Caucus_in_the_118th_Congress.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/House_Freedom_Caucus_in_the_118th_Congress.svg/440px-House_Freedom_Caucus_in_the_118th_Congress.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/House_Freedom_Caucus_in_the_118th_Congress.svg/660px-House_Freedom_Caucus_in_the_118th_Congress.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/House_Freedom_Caucus_in_the_118th_Congress.svg/880px-House_Freedom_Caucus_in_the_118th_Congress.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="996" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption>The map shows districts represented by Freedom Caucus members as of May 2024.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Membership_policy">Membership policy</h3></div> The House Freedom Caucus does not disclose the names of its members and membership is by invitation only.<a href="#cite_note-Huetteman-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> The New York Times wrote in October 2015 that the caucus usually meets "in the basement of a local pub rather than at the Capitol."<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> The caucus acts as a bloc, with decisions that are supported by 80 percent made binding on all of its members, which has strengthened its influence among House Republicans.<a href="#cite_note-pew-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_membership">Historical membership</h3></div> As the HFC does not publicize a full membership list, the known number of members at the start of each electoral cycle is listed below. <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Starting membership in election cycles </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Election year </th> <th>Republican seats </th> <th>± </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2016 United States House of Representatives elections">2016</a> </th> <td><div style="width: 100px;">28 / 241<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td>New </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2018 United States House of Representatives elections">2018</a> </th> <td><div style="width: 100px;">29 / 199<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 15%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2020 United States House of Representatives elections">2020</a> </th> <td><div style="width: 100px;">44 / 213<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 21%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 15 </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/2022_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="2022 United States House of Representatives elections">2022</a> </th> <td><div style="width: 100px;">45 / 222<div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #E81B23; width: 20%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 1 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_members">Current members</h3></div> A number of members have identified themselves, or have been identified by others, as belonging to the Freedom Caucus. There are at least 39 caucus members as of July 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_Caucus&action=edit">[update]</a>; those members include: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Moore_(Alabama_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Barry Moore (Alabama politician)">Barry Moore</a> (AL-2)<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Palmer_(politician)" title="Gary Palmer (politician)">Gary Palmer</a> (AL-6)<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eli_Crane" title="Eli Crane">Eli Crane</a> (AZ-2)<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesJan23-138">[138]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Biggs" title="Andy Biggs">Andy Biggs</a> (AZ-5)<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gosar" title="Paul Gosar">Paul Gosar</a> (AZ-9)<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Boebert" title="Lauren Boebert">Lauren Boebert</a> (CO-3) – Communications Chair<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Posey" title="Bill Posey">Bill Posey</a> (FL-8)<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> (retiring at the end of the 118th Congress)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Paulina_Luna" title="Anna Paulina Luna">Anna Paulina Luna</a> (FL-13)<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Steube" title="Greg Steube">Greg Steube</a> (FL-17)<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byron_Donalds" title="Byron Donalds">Byron Donalds</a> (FL-19)<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Clyde" title="Andrew Clyde">Andrew Clyde</a> (GA-9)<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Collins_(politician)" title="Mike Collins (politician)">Mike Collins</a> (GA-10)<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Fulcher" title="Russ Fulcher">Russ Fulcher</a> (ID-1)<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Miller_(politician)" title="Mary Miller (politician)">Mary Miller</a> (IL-15)<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clay_Higgins" title="Clay Higgins">Clay Higgins</a> (LA-3)<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Harris_(politician)" title="Andy Harris (politician)">Andy Harris</a> - Chair (MD-1)<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Burlison" title="Eric Burlison">Eric Burlison</a> (MO-7)<a href="#cite_note-pewwho-154">[154]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jim Jordan</a> (OH-4) – Vice chair<a href="#cite_note-Nine-155">[155]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Brecheen" title="Josh Brecheen">Josh Brecheen</a> (OK-2)<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesJan23-138">[138]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Perry_(politician)" title="Scott Perry (politician)">Scott Perry</a> (PA-10)<a href="#cite_note-blogs.rollcall.com-156">[156]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Duncan_(politician)" title="Jeff Duncan (politician)">Jeff Duncan</a> (SC-3) (retiring at the end of the 118th Congress)<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Norman" title="Ralph Norman">Ralph Norman</a> (SC-5)<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Harshbarger" title="Diana Harshbarger">Diana Harshbarger</a> (TN-1)<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_DesJarlais" title="Scott DesJarlais">Scott DesJarlais</a> (TN-4)<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Ogles" title="Andy Ogles">Andy Ogles</a> (TN-5)<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesJan23-138">[138]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Green_(Tennessee_politician)" title="Mark Green (Tennessee politician)">Mark Green</a> (TN-7)<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Self" title="Keith Self">Keith Self</a> (TX-3)<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">Chip Roy</a> (TX-21) – Policy Chair<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud">Michael Cloud</a> (TX-27)<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Cline" title="Ben Cline">Ben Cline</a> (VA-6)<a href="#cite_note-116th-165">[165]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Griffith" title="Morgan Griffith">Morgan Griffith</a> (VA-9)<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Mooney" title="Alex Mooney">Alex Mooney</a> (WV-2)<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> (retiring in 2024 with unsuccessful run for nomination as <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">Senator from West Virginia</a>)</li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tiffany" title="Tom Tiffany">Tom Tiffany</a> (WI-7)<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">Wyoming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Hageman" title="Harriet Hageman">Harriet Hageman</a> (WY-AL)<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_members">Former members</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Freedom_Caucus" title="Special:EditPage/Freedom Caucus">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Left_caucus">Left caucus</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a> of Michigan (left caucus in 2019)<a href="#cite_note-AmashResign-63">[63]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">Brian Babin</a> of Texas (left caucus in 2017)<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Lamborn" title="Doug Lamborn">Doug Lamborn</a> of Colorado (left caucus in 2016)<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">Ted Poe</a> of Texas (left caucus in 2017)<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Nehls" title="Troy Nehls">Troy Nehls</a> of Texas (left caucus in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Loudermilk" title="Barry Loudermilk">Barry Loudermilk</a> of Georgia (declined to renew membership for the <a href="/wiki/115th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="115th Congress">115th Congress</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Can_the_house-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McClintock" title="Tom McClintock">Tom McClintock</a> of California (left caucus in 2015)<a href="#cite_note-Vies-176">[176]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reid_Ribble" title="Reid Ribble">Reid Ribble</a> of Wisconsin (left caucus in 2015)<a href="#cite_note-ribble-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Rothfus" title="Keith Rothfus">Keith Rothfus</a> of Pennsylvania (left caucus in 2016)<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Schweikert" title="David Schweikert">David Schweikert</a> of Arizona (left the caucus in 2023)<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Removed_from_caucus">Removed from caucus</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Buck" title="Ken Buck">Ken Buck</a> of Colorado (voted out of caucus days before he resigned from the House in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Taylor_Greene" title="Marjorie Taylor Greene">Marjorie Taylor Greene</a> of Georgia (removed from the caucus in 2023)<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Davidson" title="Warren Davidson">Warren Davidson</a> of Ohio (removed from the caucus in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">Randy Weber</a> of Texas (removed from the caucus in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lost_renomination_or_re-election">Lost renomination or re-election</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum">Rod Blum</a> of Iowa (lost 2018 general election)<a href="#cite_note-blogs.rollcall.com-156">[156]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Brat" title="Dave Brat">Dave Brat</a> of Virginia (lost 2018 general election)<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Cawthorn" title="Madison Cawthorn">Madison Cawthorn</a> of North Carolina (defeated for renomination in 2022 primary election)<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Garrett" title="Scott Garrett">Scott Garrett</a> of New Jersey (lost 2016 general election)<a href="#cite_note-Nine-155">[155]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Good" title="Bob Good">Bob Good</a> of Virginia – Former Chair<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> (lost renomination in 2024 primary election)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Huelskamp" title="Tim Huelskamp">Tim Huelskamp</a> of Kansas (defeated for renomination in 2016 primary election)<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvette_Herrell" title="Yvette Herrell">Yvette Herrell</a> of New Mexico (lost 2022 general election)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denver_Riggleman" title="Denver Riggleman">Denver Riggleman</a> of Virginia (defeated for renomination in 2020 primary election)<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dana_Rohrabacher" title="Dana Rohrabacher">Dana Rohrabacher</a> of California (lost 2018 general election)<a href="#cite_note-Kelli_Ward_for_U.S._Senate-189">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Tennessee_Journal-190">[190]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Sanford" title="Mark Sanford">Mark Sanford</a> of South Carolina (defeated for renomination in 2018 primary election)<a href="#cite_note-blogs.rollcall.com-156">[156]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Retired_or_died">Retired or died</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">Joe Barton</a> of Texas (retired in 2018)<a href="#cite_note-Ted-191">[191]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bishop" title="Dan Bishop">Dan Bishop</a> of North Carolina (retired in 2024 to unsuccessfully run for <a href="/wiki/2024_North_Carolina_Attorney_General_election" title="2024 North Carolina Attorney General election">North Carolina Attorney General</a>)<a href="#cite_note-NCSpecial-192">[192]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bridenstine" title="Jim Bridenstine">Jim Bridenstine</a> of Oklahoma (resigned in 2018 to become <a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_NASA" title="Administrator of NASA">NASA Administrator</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Vies-176">[176]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_Brooks" title="Mo Brooks">Mo Brooks</a> of Alabama<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> (retired and lost 2022 election for senator from Alabama)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Budd" title="Ted Budd">Ted Budd</a> of North Carolina (retired and won 2022 election for senator from North Carolina)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curt_Clawson" title="Curt Clawson">Curt Clawson</a> of Florida (retired in 2016)<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">Ron DeSantis</a> of Florida<a href="#cite_note-Nine-155">[155]</a> (retired in 2018 and won election for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Florida">governor of Florida</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fleming_(American_politician)" title="John Fleming (American politician)">John Fleming</a> of Louisiana (retired in 2016 and lost nomination as <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">Senator from Louisiana</a>)<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Garrett_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Tom Garrett Jr.">Tom Garrett Jr.</a> of Virginia (retired in 2018)<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">Louie Gohmert</a> of Texas (retired and lost 2022 nomination as <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney General of Texas">Attorney General of Texas</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Louie-197">[197]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jody_Hice" title="Jody Hice">Jody Hice</a> of Georgia (retired and lost 2022 election for <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Secretary_of_State" title="Georgia Secretary of State">Georgia Secretary of State</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Can_the_house-174">[174]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Keller_(politician)" title="Fred Keller (politician)">Fred Keller</a> of Pennsylvania (retired in 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Labrador" title="Raúl Labrador">Raúl Labrador</a> of Idaho (retired and lost 2018 nomination as <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Idaho" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Idaho">Governor of Idaho</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Nine-155">[155]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Lesko" title="Debbie Lesko">Debbie Lesko</a> of Arizona (retired in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lummis" title="Cynthia Lummis">Cynthia Lummis</a> of Wyoming (retired in 2016)<a href="#cite_note-Dozen-199">[199]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Meadows_(North_Carolina_politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Meadows (North Carolina politician)">Mark Meadows</a> of North Carolina (resigned in 2020 to become <a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Nine-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-Huetteman-133">[133]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Mulvaney" title="Mick Mulvaney">Mick Mulvaney</a> of South Carolina (resigned in 2017 to become <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">OMB Director</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Nine-155">[155]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devin_Nunes" title="Devin Nunes">Devin Nunes</a> of California (resigned in 2022 to become CEO of <a href="/wiki/TMTG" class="mw-redirect" title="TMTG">TMTG</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Pearce_(politician)" title="Steve Pearce (politician)">Steve Pearce</a> of New Mexico (retired and lost 2018 election for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_Mexico" title="Governor of New Mexico">Governor of New Mexico</a>)<a href="#cite_note-Dozen-199">[199]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Rosendale" title="Matt Rosendale">Matt Rosendale</a> of Montana (retired in 2024)<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Salmon" title="Matt Salmon">Matt Salmon</a> of Arizona (retired in 2016)<a href="#cite_note-Nine-155">[155]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlin_Stutzman" title="Marlin Stutzman">Marlin Stutzman</a> of Indiana (retired in 2016 and lost nomination as <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">Senator from Indiana</a>)<a href="#cite_note-blogs.rollcall.com-156">[156]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Wright_(politician)" title="Ron Wright (politician)">Ron Wright</a> of Texas (died in 2021)<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Yoho" title="Ted Yoho">Ted Yoho</a> of Florida (retired in 2020)<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Dog_Coalition" title="Blue Dog Coalition">Blue Dog Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucuses_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Caucuses of the United States Congress">Caucuses of the United States Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">Factions in the Republican Party (United States)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Liberty_Caucus" title="Republican Liberty Caucus">Republican Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_Caucus" title="Second Amendment Caucus">Second Amendment Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedition_Caucus" title="Sedition Caucus">Sedition Caucus</a> – American political term</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Caucus" title="Tea Party Caucus">Tea Party Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuesday_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuesday Group">Tuesday Group</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/legislative-hardball/37488C1E94117DFBFF924E5B67188E07">Green, Matthew (2019). Legislative Hardball: The House Freedom Caucus and the Power of Threat-Making in Congress. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Future-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Future_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCarl2015" class="citation web cs1">Carl, Jeremy (October 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4067218/freedom-caucus/">"The Freedom Caucus Is a Rebellion That Could Change the GOP's Future"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181213171255/http://time.com/4067218/freedom-caucus/">Archived</a> from the original on December 13, 2018. Retrieved March 31, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Freedom+Caucus+Is+a+Rebellion+That+Could+Change+the+GOP%27s+Future&rft.date=2015-10-13&rft.aulast=Carl&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4067218%2Ffreedom-caucus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pew-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pew_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pew_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pew_2-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesilver2015" class="citation web cs1">Desilver, Drew (October 20, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/10/20/house-freedom-caucus-what-is-it-and-whos-in-it/">"House Freedom Caucus: What is it, and who's in it?"</a>. Pew Research Center. Retrieved February 7, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Research+Center&rft.atitle=House+Freedom+Caucus%3A+What+is+it%2C+and+who%27s+in+it%3F&rft.date=2015-10-20&rft.aulast=Desilver&rft.aufirst=Drew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewresearch.org%2Ffact-tank%2F2015%2F10%2F20%2Fhouse-freedom-caucus-what-is-it-and-whos-in-it%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEthier2015" class="citation web cs1">Ethier, Beth (January 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2015/01/freedom-caucus-right-wing-members-of-congress-form-new-group-to-rally-conservatives.html">"House Conservatives Form "Freedom Caucus" as Right-Wing Rebellion Continues"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a>. Retrieved July 8, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=House+Conservatives+Form+%22Freedom+Caucus%22+as+Right-Wing+Rebellion+Continues&rft.date=2015-01-26&rft.aulast=Ethier&rft.aufirst=Beth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fnews-and-politics%2F2015%2F01%2Ffreedom-caucus-right-wing-members-of-congress-form-new-group-to-rally-conservatives.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Lauren Fox, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2017/03/23/politics/what-is-the-freedom-caucus/">Why (almost) everyone hates the House Freedom Caucus</a>, CNN (March 24, 2017): "At first, there were just nine of them, but the group, which is considered the most right flank of the Republican conference, grew." </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> Mark Barrett, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.citizen-times.com/story/news/politics/elections/2016/12/03/meadows-line-lead-houses-most-conservative-wing/94887464/">Meadows in line to lead House’s most conservative wing</a>, ‘’Asheville Citizen-Times’’ (December 3, 2016): "the House Freedom Caucus, which occupies the furthest-right position on the ideological spectrum in the U.S. House..." </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrench2015" class="citation web cs1">French, Lauren (January 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2015/01/house-freedom-caucus-conservative-legislation-114593">"9 Republicans launch House Freedom Caucus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>. 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Retrieved July 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washington+Examiner&rft.atitle=Conservative+lawmakers+form+House+Freedom+Caucus&rft.date=2015-01-26&rft.aulast=Ferrechio&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonexaminer.com%2Fconservative-lawmakers-form-house-freedom-caucus%2Farticle%2F2559258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-official-8"><a href="#cite_ref-official_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEaton2015" class="citation web cs1">Eaton, Sabrina (February 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190216113136/https://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2015/02/its_official_rep_jim_jordan_no.html">"It's official: Rep. Jim Jordan now chairs the House Freedom Caucus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Plain_Dealer#cleveland.com" title="The Plain Dealer">Cleveland</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2015/02/its_official_rep_jim_jordan_no.html">the original</a> on February 16, 2019. Retrieved July 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cleveland&rft.atitle=It%27s+official%3A+Rep.+Jim+Jordan+now+chairs+the+House+Freedom+Caucus&rft.date=2015-02-11&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=Sabrina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cleveland.com%2Fopen%2Findex.ssf%2F2015%2F02%2Fits_official_rep_jim_jordan_no.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheney" class="citation news cs1">Cheney, Kyle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/25/trump-freedom-caucus-north-carolina-electors-00185520">"Freedom Caucus leader endorses radical proposal for North Carolina to hand its electoral votes to Trump"</a>. Politico.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Freedom+Caucus+leader+endorses+radical+proposal+for+North+Carolina+to+hand+its+electoral+votes+to+Trump&rft.aulast=Cheney&rft.aufirst=Kyle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F10%2F25%2Ftrump-freedom-caucus-north-carolina-electors-00185520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/far-right-congressman-suggests-nc-legislature-consider-handing-elector-rcna177337">"Far-right congressman suggests N.C. Legislature should consider handing electors to Trump on Election Day"</a>. NBC News. October 25, 2024. Retrieved October 26, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Far-right+congressman+suggests+N.C.+Legislature+should+consider+handing+electors+to+Trump+on+Election+Day&rft.date=2024-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2F2024-election%2Ffar-right-congressman-suggests-nc-legislature-consider-handing-elector-rcna177337&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vice.com-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vice.com_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vice.com_11-1">b</a> The Freedom Caucus has been widely described as right-wing: <div><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheadle2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Cheadle, Harry (March 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/the-right-wing-freedom-caucus-says-its-going-to-kill-trumpcare-vgtrn">"The Right-Wing 'Freedom Caucus' Says It's Going to Kill Trumpcare"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a>. Retrieved April 10, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=The+Right-Wing+%27Freedom+Caucus%27+Says+It%27s+Going+to+Kill+Trumpcare&rft.date=2017-03-22&rft.aulast=Cheadle&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen_us%2Farticle%2Fthe-right-wing-freedom-caucus-says-its-going-to-kill-trumpcare-vgtrn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoy2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Roy, Avik (April 2, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/theapothecary/2017/04/02/gop-centrists-not-freedom-caucus-are-blocking-deal-to-replace-obamacare/#3c3527a8533e">"GOP Centrists, Not Freedom Caucus, Are Blocking Deal To Replace Obamacare"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a>. Retrieved April 10, 2017. <q>The conventional wisdom – repeated by President Trump – is that the right-wing House Freedom Caucus is singlehandedly blocking Republican attempts to repeal and replace Obamacare.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=GOP+Centrists%2C+Not+Freedom+Caucus%2C+Are+Blocking+Deal+To+Replace+Obamacare&rft.date=2017-04-02&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Avik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Ftheapothecary%2F2017%2F04%2F02%2Fgop-centrists-not-freedom-caucus-are-blocking-deal-to-replace-obamacare%2F%233c3527a8533e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeavers2017" class="citation news cs1">Beavers, Olivia (March 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/house/325856-republican-quits-house-freedom-caucus/">"Republican quits House Freedom Caucus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190404084802/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/325856-republican-quits-house-freedom-caucus">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2019. Retrieved April 10, 2017. <q>Rep. Ted Poe (R-Texas) resigned Sunday from the House Freedom Caucus, indicating he did so because he wanted to vote for the Republican healthcare proposal the right-wing caucus so adamantly opposed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Republican+quits+House+Freedom+Caucus&rft.date=2017-03-26&rft.aulast=Beavers&rft.aufirst=Olivia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fhouse%2F325856-republican-quits-house-freedom-caucus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLizza2015" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Lizza" title="Ryan Lizza">Lizza, Ryan</a> (December 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/12/14/a-house-divided">"A House divided"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>. Retrieved April 10, 2017. <q>Meadows is one of the more active members of the House Freedom Caucus, an invitation-only group of about forty right-wing conservatives that formed at the beginning of this year.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=A+House+divided&rft.date=2015-12-07&rft.aulast=Lizza&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2015%2F12%2F14%2Fa-house-divided&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrench2016" class="citation web cs1">French, Lauren (March 14, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/story/2016/03/house-freedom-caucus-to-break-with-leadership-on-budget-220758">"House Freedom Caucus to break with leadership on budget"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>. Retrieved July 14, 2016. <q>Budget Committee Chairperson Tom Price of Georgia and Speaker Paul Ryan (R-Wis.) have labored to gain the support of the far-right caucus</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=House+Freedom+Caucus+to+break+with+leadership+on+budget&rft.date=2016-03-14&rft.aulast=French&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2016%2F03%2Fhouse-freedom-caucus-to-break-with-leadership-on-budget-220758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThrush2017" class="citation news cs1">Thrush, Glenn (March 25, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/25/us/politics/trump-health-care-defeat-gop-civil-war.html">"Trump Becomes Ensnared in Fiery G.O.P. Civil War"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Trump+Becomes+Ensnared+in+Fiery+G.O.P.+Civil+War&rft.date=2017-03-25&rft.aulast=Thrush&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F03%2F25%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-health-care-defeat-gop-civil-war.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFabian2017" class="citation news cs1">Fabian, Jordan (March 30, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/326643-trump-on-the-warpath-against-freedom-caucus/">"Trump on the warpath against Freedom Caucus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170705233615/http://origin-nyi.thehill.com/homenews/administration/326643-trump-on-the-warpath-against-freedom-caucus">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2017. Retrieved March 31, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Trump+on+the+warpath+against+Freedom+Caucus&rft.date=2017-03-30&rft.aulast=Fabian&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fadministration%2F326643-trump-on-the-warpath-against-freedom-caucus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoolf2015" class="citation web cs1">Woolf, Nicky (October 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/oct/07/republicans-freedom-caucus-daniel-webster-speaker">"Republicans in Freedom Caucus support Florida conservative as speaker"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Republicans+in+Freedom+Caucus+support+Florida+conservative+as+speaker&rft.date=2015-10-07&rft.aulast=Woolf&rft.aufirst=Nicky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2015%2Foct%2F07%2Frepublicans-freedom-caucus-daniel-webster-speaker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewhauser2015" class="citation web cs1">Newhauser, Daniel (June 24, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150728055603/http://www.nationaljournal.com/congress/boehner-vs-freedom-caucus-battle-escalates-20150624">"Boehner-vs.-Freedom-Caucus Battle Escalates"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Journal" title="National Journal">National Journal</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationaljournal.com/congress/boehner-vs-freedom-caucus-battle-escalates-20150624">the original</a> on July 28, 2015. Retrieved July 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Journal&rft.atitle=Boehner-vs.-Freedom-Caucus+Battle+Escalates&rft.date=2015-06-24&rft.aulast=Newhauser&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaljournal.com%2Fcongress%2Fboehner-vs-freedom-caucus-battle-escalates-20150624&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2015" class="citation news cs1">Sullivan, Sean (March 4, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/insurgent-bloc-of-house-conservatives-proving-to-be-a-thorn-in-boehners-side/2015/03/04/6bec23e4-c29c-11e4-9ec2-b418f57a4a99_story.html">"Insurgent bloc of House conservatives proving to be a thorn in Boehner's side"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. Retrieved July 22, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Insurgent+bloc+of+House+conservatives+proving+to+be+a+thorn+in+Boehner%27s+side&rft.date=2015-03-04&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2Finsurgent-bloc-of-house-conservatives-proving-to-be-a-thorn-in-boehners-side%2F2015%2F03%2F04%2F6bec23e4-c29c-11e4-9ec2-b418f57a4a99_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBush2018" class="citation news cs1">Bush, Daniel (January 22, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/whos-to-blame-for-the-government-shutdown-a-look-at-the-political-fallout-so-far">"Who's to blame for the government shutdown? A look at the political fallout"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PBS_NewsHour" class="mw-redirect" title="PBS NewsHour">PBS NewsHour</a>. Retrieved June 7, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PBS+NewsHour&rft.atitle=Who%27s+to+blame+for+the+government+shutdown%3F+A+look+at+the+political+fallout&rft.date=2018-01-22&rft.aulast=Bush&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fnewshour%2Fpolitics%2Fwhos-to-blame-for-the-government-shutdown-a-look-at-the-political-fallout-so-far&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li></ul></div> </li> <li id="cite_note-washingtontimes.com-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-washingtontimes.com_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-washingtontimes.com_12-1">b</a> <div><ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTouchberrySoellner2022" class="citation news cs1">Touchberry, Ramsey; Soellner, Mica (November 9, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2022/nov/9/emboldened-far-right-freedom-caucus-presents-hurdl/">"Emboldened far-right Freedom Caucus presents hurdles to Kevin McCarthy's run for House speaker"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a>. Retrieved November 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Emboldened+far-right+Freedom+Caucus+presents+hurdles+to+Kevin+McCarthy%27s+run+for+House+speaker&rft.date=2022-11-09&rft.aulast=Touchberry&rft.aufirst=Ramsey&rft.au=Soellner%2C+Mica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontimes.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2Fnov%2F9%2Femboldened-far-right-freedom-caucus-presents-hurdl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2022" class="citation magazine cs1">Stone, Peter (October 28, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newrepublic.com/article/168327/andy-harris-maryland-congressman-viktor-orban-fanboy">"Meet the Congressman Who Is Viktor Orbán's Biggest Fanboy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a>. Retrieved November 24, 2022. <q>A member of the House's far-right Freedom Caucus and co-chair of the Hungarian Caucus, Harris tried to torpedo the resolution during floor debate by attacking a provision that called for setting up a NATO unit to help its members build democratic institutions.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Republic&rft.atitle=Meet+the+Congressman+Who+Is+Viktor+Orb%C3%A1n%27s+Biggest+Fanboy&rft.date=2022-10-28&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewrepublic.com%2Farticle%2F168327%2Fandy-harris-maryland-congressman-viktor-orban-fanboy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarless2022" class="citation news cs1">Carless, Will (January 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2022/01/23/anti-vaccination-ideas-extremists/6599746001/">"Far-right extremists..."</a> <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>. Retrieved November 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Far-right+extremists...&rft.date=2022-01-23&rft.aulast=Carless&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2022%2F01%2F23%2Fanti-vaccination-ideas-extremists%2F6599746001%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWongAllen2022" class="citation news cs1">Wong, Scott; Allen, Jonathan (April 28, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2022-election/trump-expected-stump-illinois-congresswoman-primary-fight-fellow-lawma-rcna26370">"Trump expected to stump for Illinois congresswoman in primary fight against fellow lawmaker"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>. Retrieved November 24, 2022. <q>Rep. Mary Miller, a member of the far-right Freedom Caucus, said Trump has vowed to campaign for her ahead of her primary against GOP Rep. Rodney Davis.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Trump+expected+to+stump+for+Illinois+congresswoman+in+primary+fight+against+fellow+lawmaker&rft.date=2022-04-28&rft.aulast=Wong&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.au=Allen%2C+Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2F2022-election%2Ftrump-expected-stump-illinois-congresswoman-primary-fight-fellow-lawma-rcna26370&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdmondson2022" class="citation news cs1">Edmondson, Catie (June 28, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/28/us/politics/mary-miller-rodney-davis-il.html">"In Illinois, MAGA Congresswoman Rallies to Oust Her G.O.P. Colleague"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. Retrieved November 24, 2022. <q>Ms. Miller is a member of the far-right Freedom Caucus who has adopted Mr. Trump's grievance-infused manner of speaking and once spoke approvingly of Adolf Hitler.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=In+Illinois%2C+MAGA+Congresswoman+Rallies+to+Oust+Her+G.O.P.+Colleague&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft.aulast=Edmondson&rft.aufirst=Catie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F06%2F28%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fmary-miller-rodney-davis-il.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee_Drutman2020" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lee_Drutman" title="Lee Drutman">Lee Drutman</a>, ed. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_FO_DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA112">Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop: The Case for Multiparty Democracy in America</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0190913854" title="Special:BookSources/978-0190913854"><bdi>978-0190913854</bdi></a>. <q>These far-right Freedom Caucus members had been unhappy with Boehner's top-down style of leadership, which they felt had forced members into compromising too much with Democrats.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Breaking+the+Two-Party+Doom+Loop%3A+The+Case+for+Multiparty+Democracy+in+America&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0190913854&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_FO_DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Hosansky2019" class="citation book cs1">David Hosansky, ed. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4gSnDwAAQBAJ&dq=far-right+%22Freedom+Caucus%22&pg=PT89">The American Congress</a>. <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1544350639" title="Special:BookSources/978-1544350639"><bdi>978-1544350639</bdi></a>. <q>This set up a difficult battle for Speaker of the House Paul Ryan, R-Wis., to reach a consensus within his caucus between mainstream Republicans and the forty-member-strong Freedom Caucus, a group of far-right libertarian, isolationist, ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Congress&rft.pub=CQ+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1544350639&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4gSnDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dfar-right%2B%2522Freedom%2BCaucus%2522%26pg%3DPT89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_S._SmithJason_M._RobertsRyan_J._Vander_Wielen2019" class="citation book cs1">Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen, eds. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EFKeDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA14">The American Congress</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1538125847" title="Special:BookSources/978-1538125847"><bdi>978-1538125847</bdi></a>. <q>The parties are very polarized: the middle is empty, so that no Democrat is to the right of any Republican and no Republican is to the left of any Democrat. The Freedom Caucus members are located on the far right.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Congress&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1538125847&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEFKeDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomanLantis2019" class="citation book cs1">Homan, Patrick; Lantis, Jeffrey (December 5, 2019). ""We the People?" Historical Foundations of Factionalism". The Battle for U.S. Foreign Policy. pp. 57–87. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-030-30171-2_3">10.1007/978-3-030-30171-2_3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3030301705" title="Special:BookSources/978-3030301705"><bdi>978-3030301705</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:212991762">212991762</a>. <q>As president, Trump has variously aligned himself with the positions of the far-right Freedom Caucus and with establishment Republican leaders.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%22We+the+People%3F%22+Historical+Foundations+of+Factionalism&rft.btitle=The+Battle+for+U.S.+Foreign+Policy&rft.pages=57-87&rft.date=2019-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A212991762%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-030-30171-2_3&rft.isbn=978-3030301705&rft.aulast=Homan&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.au=Lantis%2C+Jeffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeyman2018" class="citation journal cs1">Geyman, John (January 2018). "Crisis in U.S. Health Care: Corporate Power Still Blocks Reform". International Journal of Health Services. 48 (1): 5–27. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0020731417729654">10.1177/0020731417729654</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28971720">28971720</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206411764">206411764</a>. <q>The far-right Freedom Caucus in the House called for full repeal whatever the consequences, but by then the ACA had become more popular with the public and even drew support...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Health+Services&rft.atitle=Crisis+in+U.S.+Health+Care%3A+Corporate+Power+Still+Blocks+Reform&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=5-27&rft.date=2018-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A206411764%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F28971720&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0020731417729654&rft.aulast=Geyman&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li></ul></div> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReilly2015" class="citation web cs1">Reilly, Mollie (October 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/house-freedom-caucus-paul-ryan_n_56281b41e4b0bce34703ee96">"House Conservatives Support Paul Ryan For Speaker, But Won't Formally Endorse Him"</a>. <a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">HuffPost</a>. Retrieved July 14, 2016. <q>the group of hardline conservatives ... the socially conservative House Freedom Caucus</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuffPost&rft.atitle=House+Conservatives+Support+Paul+Ryan+For+Speaker%2C+But+Won%27t+Formally+Endorse+Him&rft.date=2015-10-21&rft.aulast=Reilly&rft.aufirst=Mollie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpost.com%2Fentry%2Fhouse-freedom-caucus-paul-ryan_n_56281b41e4b0bce34703ee96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-ryan-freedom-caucus-20151016-story.html">"Paul Ryan vs. House Freedom Caucus: Who will blink first in speaker's race?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. October 16, 2015. <q>the group's small-government, socially conservative agenda</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Paul+Ryan+vs.+House+Freedom+Caucus%3A+Who+will+blink+first+in+speaker%27s+race%3F&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fnation%2Fpolitics%2Fla-na-ryan-freedom-caucus-20151016-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCottle2017" class="citation magazine cs1">Cottle, Michelle (April 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/04/in-the-freedom-caucus-trump-meets-his-match/522243/">"In The Freedom Caucus, Trump Meets His Match"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=In+The+Freedom+Caucus%2C+Trump+Meets+His+Match&rft.date=2017-04-07&rft.aulast=Cottle&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpolitics%2Farchive%2F2017%2F04%2Fin-the-freedom-caucus-trump-meets-his-match%2F522243%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPally2017" class="citation web cs1">Pally, Marcia (June 8, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/religion/a-tale-of-two-covenants-can-america-be-localist-without-being-ex/10095708">"A Tale of Two Covenants: Can America be Localist Without Being Exclusionary?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(Australia)" title="ABC News (Australia)">ABC News</a>. Retrieved January 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=A+Tale+of+Two+Covenants%3A+Can+America+be+Localist+Without+Being+Exclusionary%3F&rft.date=2017-06-08&rft.aulast=Pally&rft.aufirst=Marcia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Freligion%2Fa-tale-of-two-covenants-can-america-be-localist-without-being-ex%2F10095708&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bade_6/27/2018-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Bade_6/27/2018_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBade2018" class="citation web cs1">Bade, Rachael (June 27, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2018/06/27/this-is-bull-inside-the-gops-immigration-meltdown-680106">"'I thought you were my friend': Immigration meltdown exposes GOP hostilities"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>. Retrieved April 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=%27I+thought+you+were+my+friend%27%3A+Immigration+meltdown+exposes+GOP+hostilities&rft.date=2018-06-27&rft.aulast=Bade&rft.aufirst=Rachael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2018%2F06%2F27%2Fthis-is-bull-inside-the-gops-immigration-meltdown-680106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/politics/after-boehner-ouster-quiet-period-freedom-caucus-attacks-on-irs-obamacare">"After Boehner ouster, quiet period, Freedom Caucus attacks on IRS, ObamaCare"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>. December 10, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fox+News&rft.atitle=After+Boehner+ouster%2C+quiet+period%2C+Freedom+Caucus+attacks+on+IRS%2C+ObamaCare&rft.date=2016-12-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fafter-boehner-ouster-quiet-period-freedom-caucus-attacks-on-irs-obamacare&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zanona-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zanona_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zanona_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zanona_19-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelanie_Zanona2022" class="citation web cs1">Melanie Zanona (March 8, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/08/politics/house-freedom-caucus-revived-republican-majority/index.html">"Republican leaders face threat of revived Freedom Caucus in GOP-led House"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <q>Past iterations of the group – which was formed as an ultra-conservative alternative to the Republican Study Committee but has since become more of a Trump loyalty club – were more focused on process and transparency concerns, as well as fiscal conservatism. Some of the more veteran members of the group are still emphasizing that as a top priority.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republican+leaders+face+threat+of+revived+Freedom+Caucus+in+GOP-led+House&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2022-03-08&rft.au=Melanie+Zanona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2022%2F03%2F08%2Fpolitics%2Fhouse-freedom-caucus-revived-republican-majority%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJay_Newton-Small2021" class="citation magazine cs1">Jay Newton-Small (October 20, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4080726/speaker-paul-ryan-freedom-caucus/">"How Paul Ryan Outfoxed House Conservatives"</a>. Time. <q>The House Freedom Caucus has had a lot of demands of late: conditions under which they'd support anyone to be Speaker, changes they'd like to see made in the House to decentralize power, ... The as-of-yet unformed bill is almost guaranteed to have levels of spending the fiscally conservative Freedom Caucus will find highly objectionable – they have never supported any bipartisan deal that has come out of the Senate.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=How+Paul+Ryan+Outfoxed+House+Conservatives&rft.date=2021-10-20&rft.au=Jay+Newton-Small&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4080726%2Fspeaker-paul-ryan-freedom-caucus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Politico-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Politico_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Politico_21-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/04/29/house-republican-freedom-caucus-challenges-00023071">"Inside the House Freedom Caucus' identity crisis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a>. 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Retrieved March 31, 2017. <q>The House Freedom Caucus, a cadre of conservatives, libertarians and others who have shown no hesitation to buck the party leadership, has been heavily critical of the AHCA</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WJLA-TV&rft.atitle=For+Freedom+Caucus%2C+defying+Trump+could+have+consequences&rft.date=2017-03-24&rft.aulast=Loiaconi&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwjla.com%2Fnews%2Fnation-world%2Ffor-freedom-caucus-defying-trump-could-have-consequences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoguhn2016" class="citation web cs1">Boguhn, Ally (June 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181211220343/https://rewire.news/article/2016/06/21/house-freedom-fund-bankrolls-congress-anti-choice-candidates/">"The House Freedom Fund Bankrolls Some of Congress' Most Anti-Choice Candidates"</a>. 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Retrieved March 27, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ron+Wright%2C+Texas+Conservative%2C+Dies+at+67&rft.date=2021-02-09&rft.aulast=Traub&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F02%2F09%2Fobituaries%2Fron-wright-dead-coronavirus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2019/01/03/682021502/freedom-caucus-member-rep-ted-yoho-weighs-in-on-government-shutdown">"Freedom Caucus Member Rep. Ted Yoho Weighs In On Government Shutdown"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>. January 3, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2021. <q>Ted Yoho is a member of the Freedom Caucus.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Freedom+Caucus+Member+Rep.+Ted+Yoho+Weighs+In+On+Government+Shutdown&rft.date=2019-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2019%2F01%2F03%2F682021502%2Ffreedom-caucus-member-rep-ted-yoho-weighs-in-on-government-shutdown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCristina_Marcos2015" class="citation web cs1">Cristina Marcos (January 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/230693-house-gop-conservatives-form-new-freedom-caucus/">"House conservatives form 'Freedom Caucus'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=House+conservatives+form+%27Freedom+Caucus%27&rft.date=2015-01-26&rft.au=Cristina+Marcos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fblogs%2Fblog-briefing-room%2Fnews%2F230693-house-gop-conservatives-form-new-freedom-caucus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeremy_Carl2015" class="citation magazine cs1">Jeremy Carl (October 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/4067218/freedom-caucus/">"The Freedom Caucus Is a Rebellion That Could Change the GOP's Future"</a>. Time.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Freedom+Caucus+Is+a+Rebellion+That+Could+Change+the+GOP%27s+Future&rft.date=2015-10-13&rft.au=Jeremy+Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F4067218%2Ffreedom-caucus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLinda_Killian2015" class="citation web cs1">Linda Killian (October 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2015/10/10/how-house-freedom-caucus-has-alienated-members-and-risks-its-agenda/">"How House Freedom Caucus Has Alienated Members – and Risks Its Agenda"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=How+House+Freedom+Caucus+Has+Alienated+Members+%26ndash%3B%26%2332%3Band+Risks+Its+Agenda&rft.date=2015-10-10&rft.au=Linda+Killian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.wsj.com%2Fwashwire%2F2015%2F10%2F10%2Fhow-house-freedom-caucus-has-alienated-members-and-risks-its-agenda%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreedom+Caucus" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ideological_caucuses_in_the_U.S._Congress" title="Template:Ideological caucuses in the U.S. Congress"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ideological_caucuses_in_the_U.S._Congress" title="Template talk:Ideological caucuses in the U.S. Congress"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ideological_caucuses_in_the_U.S._Congress" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ideological caucuses in the U.S. Congress"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ideological_caucuses_in_the_United_States_Congress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Congressional_caucus#Ideological_conferences" title="Congressional caucus">Ideological caucuses in the United States Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)">Factions in the Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">Factions in the Republican Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Republicans (217)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a> (156)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership#Affiliated_members_of_Congress" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Caucus</a> (70)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Freedom Caucus</a> (45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governance_Group" title="Republican Governance Group">Republican Governance Group</a> (42)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a> (9)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Democrats (213)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Democrat_Coalition" title="New Democrat Coalition">New Democrat Coalition</a> (98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a> (96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Dog_Coalition" title="Blue Dog Coalition">Blue Dog Coalition</a> (10)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bipartisan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Solvers_Caucus" title="Problem Solvers Caucus">Problem Solvers Caucus</a> (63)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership#Affiliated_members_of_Congress" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Caucus</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Caucuses with no known membership as of the 117th Congress do not have memberships listed.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;;background:#E81B23; color:white"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Template:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Template talk:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_System" title="Third Party System">Third Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Party_System" title="Fourth Party System">Fourth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Party_System" title="Fifth Party System">Fifth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Party_System" title="Sixth Party System">Sixth Party System</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">Presidential tickets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Convention" title="Republican National Convention">national conventions</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">presidential primaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_Republican_National_Convention" title="1856 Republican National Convention">1856 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">Frémont</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_L._Dayton" title="William L. Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Republican_National_Convention" title="1860 Republican National Convention">1860 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_National_Union_National_Convention" title="1864 National Union National Convention">1864 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Republican_National_Convention" title="1868 Republican National Convention">1868 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Republican_National_Convention" title="1872 Republican National Convention">1872 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Republican_National_Convention" title="1876 Republican National Convention">1876 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Republican_National_Convention" title="1880 Republican National Convention">1880 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Republican_National_Convention" title="1884 Republican National Convention">1884 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">1888 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Republican_National_Convention" title="1892 Republican National Convention">1892 (Minneapolis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Whitelaw_Reid" title="Whitelaw Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Republican_National_Convention" title="1896 Republican National Convention">1896 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Garret_Hobart" title="Garret Hobart">Hobart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Republican_National_Convention" title="1900 Republican National Convention">1900 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Republican_National_Convention" title="1904 Republican National Convention">1904 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Republican_National_Convention" title="1908 Republican National Convention">1908 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_National_Convention" title="1912 Republican National Convention">1912 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Murray_Butler" title="Nicholas Murray Butler">Butler</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1912 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_National_Convention" title="1916 Republican National Convention">1916 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Hughes</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1916 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_National_Convention" title="1920 Republican National Convention">1920 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1920 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_National_Convention" title="1924 Republican National Convention">1924 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Dawes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1924 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_National_Convention" title="1928 Republican National Convention">1928 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1928 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_National_Convention" title="1932 Republican National Convention">1932 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1932 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_National_Convention" title="1936 Republican National Convention">1936 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alf_Landon" title="Alf Landon">Landon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Knox" title="Frank Knox">Knox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1936 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">1940 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Willkie</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_National_Convention" title="1944 Republican National Convention">1944 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_W._Bricker" title="John W. Bricker">Bricker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1944 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_National_Convention" title="1948 Republican National Convention">1948 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Warren</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1948 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_National_Convention" title="1952 Republican National Convention">1952 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1952 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_National_Convention" title="1960 Republican National Convention">1960 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Lodge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1960 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_National_Convention" title="1964 Republican National Convention">1964 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_National_Convention" title="1968 Republican National Convention">1968 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_National_Convention" title="1972 Republican National Convention">1972 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1972 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980 (Detroit)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">1984 (Dallas)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">1988 (New Orleans)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">1992 (Houston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_National_Convention" title="1996 Republican National Convention">1996 (San Diego)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a>/<a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Kemp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_National_Convention" title="2000 Republican National Convention">2000 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">2004 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">2008 (St. Paul)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Palin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_National_Convention" title="2012 Republican National Convention">2012 (Tampa)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a>/<a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">2016 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">2020 (Charlotte/other locations)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention" title="2024 Republican National Convention">2024 (Milwaukee)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2028_Republican_National_Convention" title="2028 Republican National Convention">2028 (Houston)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">Presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Administration_(government)" title="Administration (government)">administrations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Presidency of Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a> (1861–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a> (1865–1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a> (1869–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a> (1877–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Presidency of Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a> (1881–1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Presidency of Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a> (1889–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_McKinley" title="Presidency of William McKinley">McKinley</a> (1897–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> (1901–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Presidency of William Howard Taft">Taft</a> (1909–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Warren_G._Harding" title="Presidency of Warren G. Harding">Harding</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Calvin_Coolidge" title="Presidency of Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> (1923–1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Herbert_Hoover" title="Presidency of Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a> (1929–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a> (1953–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> (1969–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Presidency of Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1974–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a> (1981–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> (1989–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a> (2001–2009)</li> <li>Trump (<a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">2017–2021</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House leaders</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">Speakers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Conference chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Pennington" title="William Pennington">Pennington</a> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galusha_A._Grow" title="Galusha A. Grow">Grow</a> (1861–1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a> (1863–1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_M._Pomeroy" title="Theodore M. Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a> (1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a> (1869–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a> (1875–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Hale</a> (1877–1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a> (1879–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Warren_Keifer" title="J. Warren Keifer">Keifer</a> (1881–1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1883–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Henderson_(politician)" title="Thomas J. Henderson (politician)">T. J. Henderson</a> (1891–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1895–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Henderson" title="David B. Henderson">D. B. Henderson</a> (1899–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1903–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)" title="James Robert Mann (Illinois politician)">Mann</a> (1911–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Gillett" title="Frederick H. Gillett">Gillett</a> (1919–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Longworth" title="Nicholas Longworth">Longworth</a> (1925–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Snell" title="Bertrand Snell">Snell</a> (1931–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a> (1939–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a> (1959–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1965–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Rhodes" title="John Jacob Rhodes">Rhodes</a> (1973–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Michel" title="Robert H. Michel">Michel</a> (1981–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a> (1995–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hastert" title="Dennis Hastert">Hastert</a> (1999–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a> (2007–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> (2015–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">McCarthy</a> (2019–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Johnson</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">RNC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jarvis_Raymond" title="Henry Jarvis Raymond">Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Lawrence_Ward" title="Marcus Lawrence Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Claflin" title="William Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachariah_Chandler" title="Zachariah Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Jewell" title="Marshall Jewell">Jewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_M._Sabin" title="Dwight M. Sabin">Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Jones_(industrialist)" title="Benjamin Franklin Jones (industrialist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Quay" title="Matthew Quay">Quay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Clarkson" title="James S. Clarkson">Clarkson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James_Campbell" title="William James Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hanna" title="Mark Hanna">Hanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay_Payne" title="Henry Clay Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._New" title="Harry S. New">New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Harris_Hitchcock" title="Frank Harris Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fremont_Hill" title="John Fremont Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Rosewater" title="Victor Rosewater">Rosewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_D._Hilles" title="Charles D. Hilles">Hilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Russell_Willcox" title="William Russell Willcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_H._Hays" title="Will H. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Adams" title="John T. Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Butler" title="William M. Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Work" title="Hubert Work">Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_H._Huston" title="Claudius H. Huston">Huston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Sanders" title="Everett Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._Fletcher" title="Henry P. Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_(Kansas_politician)" title="John Hamilton (Kansas politician)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailey_Walsh" title="Bailey Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_E._Spangler" title="Harrison E. Spangler">Spangler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Brownell_Jr." title="Herbert Brownell Jr.">Brownell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Carroll_Reece" title="B. Carroll Reece">Reece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gabrielson" title="Guy Gabrielson">Gabrielson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Summerfield" title="Arthur Summerfield">Summerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Wesley_Roberts" title="C. Wesley Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_W._Hall" title="Leonard W. Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meade_Alcorn" title="Meade Alcorn">Alcorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thruston_Ballard_Morton" title="Thruston Ballard Morton">T. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Burch" title="Dean Burch">Burch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_C._Bliss" title="Ray C. Bliss">Bliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Morton" title="Rogers Morton">R. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Louise_Smith_(politician)" title="Mary Louise Smith (politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brock" title="Bill Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Richards_(Utah_politician)" title="Richard Richards (Utah politician)">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Laxalt" title="Paul Laxalt">Laxalt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton_Yeutter" title="Clayton Yeutter">Yeutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bond_(political_executive)" title="Richard Bond (political executive)">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haley_Barbour" title="Haley Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nicholson_(Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs)" title="Jim Nicholson (Secretary of Veterans Affairs)">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore" title="Jim Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Racicot" title="Marc Racicot">Racicot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Gillespie" title="Ed Gillespie">Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Mehlman" title="Ken Mehlman">Mehlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez">Martínez</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Steele" title="Michael Steele">Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Priebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronna_McDaniel" title="Ronna McDaniel">McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Whatley" title="Michael Whatley">Whatley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chair elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2009 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2011 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2013 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2015 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2017 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2019_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2023 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_parties_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="List of state parties of the Republican Party (United States)">Parties</a> by state and territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Republican_Party" title="Alabama Republican Party">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Republican_Party" title="Alaska Republican Party">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Republican_Party" title="Arizona Republican Party">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Arkansas" title="Republican Party of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Republican_Party" title="California Republican Party">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Republican_Party" title="Colorado Republican Party">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Republican_Party" title="Connecticut Republican Party">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_State_Committee_of_Delaware" title="Republican State Committee of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Florida" title="Republican Party of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Republican_Party" title="Georgia Republican Party">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Republican_Party" title="Hawaii Republican Party">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Republican_Party" title="Idaho Republican Party">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Republican_Party" title="Illinois Republican Party">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Republican_Party" title="Indiana Republican Party">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Iowa" title="Republican Party of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Republican_Party" title="Kansas Republican Party">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Kentucky" title="Republican Party of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Louisiana" title="Republican Party of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Republican_Party" title="Maine Republican Party">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Republican_Party" title="Maryland Republican Party">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Republican_Party" title="Massachusetts Republican Party">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Republican_Party" title="Michigan Republican Party">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Minnesota" title="Republican Party of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Republican_Party" title="Mississippi Republican Party">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Republican_Party" title="Missouri Republican Party">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Republican_Party" title="Montana Republican Party">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Republican_Party" title="Nebraska Republican Party">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Republican_Party" title="Nevada Republican Party">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Republican_State_Committee" title="New Hampshire Republican State Committee">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Republican_Party" title="New Jersey Republican Party">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_New_Mexico" title="Republican Party of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Republican_State_Committee" title="New York Republican State Committee">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="North Carolina Republican Party">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Republican_Party" title="Ohio Republican Party">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Republican_Party" title="Oklahoma Republican Party">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Republican_Party" title="Oregon Republican Party">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Republican_Party" title="Pennsylvania Republican Party">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Republican_Party" title="Rhode Island Republican Party">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="South Carolina Republican Party">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="South Dakota Republican Party">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Republican_Party" title="Tennessee Republican Party">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Texas" title="Republican Party of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Republican_Party" title="Utah Republican Party">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Republican_Party" title="Vermont Republican Party">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Virginia" title="Republican Party of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Republican_Party" title="Washington State Republican Party">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Republican_Party" title="West Virginia Republican Party">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Wisconsin" title="Republican Party of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Republican_Party" title="Wyoming Republican Party">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_American_Samoa" title="Republican Party of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Republican_Party" title="District of Columbia Republican Party">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Guam" title="Republican Party of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Republican Party (Northern Mariana Islands)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Republican Party of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Republican Party of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)_organizations" title="Republican Party (United States) organizations">Affiliated organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">House Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Digest" title="Legislative Digest">Legislative Digest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steering_and_Policy_Committees_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Steering and Policy Committees of the United States House of Representatives">Steering and Policy Committees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Senate Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Republican Policy Committee">Policy Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">Factions</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Solvers_Caucus" title="Problem Solvers Caucus">Problem Solvers Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governance_Group" title="Republican Governance Group">Republican Governance Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Fundraising groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Congressional_Committee" title="National Republican Congressional Committee">National Republican Congressional Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Redistricting_Trust" title="National Republican Redistricting Trust">National Republican Redistricting Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Attorneys_General_Association" title="Republican Attorneys General Association">Republican Attorneys General Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Sectional groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Republicans" title="College Republicans">College Republicans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairpersons_of_the_College_Republicans" title="List of chairpersons of the College Republicans">Chairmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Conference" title="Congressional Hispanic Conference">Congressional Hispanic Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">Log Cabin Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Jewish_Coalition" title="Republican Jewish Coalition">Republican Jewish Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Hispanic_Assembly" title="Republican National Hispanic Assembly">Republican National Hispanic Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Abroad" title="Republicans Abroad">Republicans Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_Age_Republicans" title="Teen Age Republicans">Teen Age Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">Young Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Overseas" title="Republicans Overseas">Republicans Overseas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Republican_National_Federation" title="High School Republican National Federation">High School Republican National Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Factional groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Majority_for_Choice" title="Republican Majority for Choice">Republican Majority for Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Liberty_Caucus" title="Republican Liberty Caucus">Republican Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Coalition_for_Life" title="Republican National Coalition for Life">Republican National Coalition for Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wish_List_(political_organization)" title="The Wish List (political organization)">The Wish List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_presidential_debates" title="Republican Party presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_history_of_the_Republican_Party" title="Bibliography of the history of the Republican Party">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Democracy_Union" title="International Democracy Union">International Democracy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Timeline of modern American conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tea_Party_movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tea_Party_movement" title="Template:Tea Party movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tea_Party_movement" title="Template talk:Tea Party movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tea_Party_movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tea Party movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tea_Party_movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">American exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_populism" title="Judicial populism">Popular constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_from_America" title="Contract from America">Contract from America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Originalism" title="Originalism">Originalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleoconservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">Free market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FairTax" title="FairTax">FairTax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_tax" title="Flat tax">Flat taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_resistance" title="Tax resistance">Opposition to taxation</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gadsden_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gadsden_flag.svg/150px-Gadsden_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gadsden_flag.svg/225px-Gadsden_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gadsden_flag.svg/300px-Gadsden_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_the_Tea_Party_movement" title="Electoral history of the Tea Party movement">Electoral history of the Tea Party movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_America:_Feeling_Wronged_%E2%80%93_Some_Voices_from_the_Campaign_Trail" title="Right America: Feeling Wronged – Some Voices from the Campaign Trail">Right America: Feeling Wronged – Some Voices from the Campaign Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxpayer_March_on_Washington" title="Taxpayer March on Washington">Taxpayer March on Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoring_Honor_rally" title="Restoring Honor rally">Restoring Honor rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_protests" title="Tea Party protests">Tea Party protests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Amash" title="Justin Amash">Justin Amash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">Dick Armey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michele_Bachmann" title="Michele Bachmann">Michele Bachmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Glenn Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Bevin" title="Matt Bevin">Matt Bevin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Cain" title="Herman Cain">Herman Cain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keli_Carender" title="Keli Carender">Keli Carender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_DeMint" title="Jim DeMint">Jim DeMint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Denninger" title="Karl Denninger">Karl Denninger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Gaetz" title="Matt Gaetz">Matt Gaetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trey_Gowdy" title="Trey Gowdy">Trey Gowdy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Sean Hannity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Kibbe" title="Matt Kibbe">Matt Kibbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Koch" title="Charles Koch">Charles Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Koch" title="David Koch">David Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Kremer" title="Amy Kremer">Amy Kremer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Levin" title="Mark Levin">Mark Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Limbaugh" title="Rush Limbaugh">Rush Limbaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Meckler" title="Mark Meckler">Mark Meckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Sarah Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Patrick_(politician)" title="Dan Patrick (politician)">Dan Patrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Ron Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santelli" title="Rick Santelli">Rick Santelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Walsh_(Illinois_politician)" title="Joe Walsh (Illinois politician)">Joe Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_West_(politician)" title="Allen West (politician)">Allen West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_politicians_affiliated_with_the_Tea_Party_movement" title="List of politicians affiliated with the Tea Party movement">List of Tea Party politicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Prosperity" title="Americans for Prosperity">Americans for Prosperity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Tax_Reform" title="Americans for Tax Reform">Americans for Tax Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DontGo" title="DontGo">DontGo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Tea_Party_Federation" title="National Tea Party Federation">National Tea Party Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Conservatives_Fund" title="Senate Conservatives Fund">Senate Conservatives Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Express" title="Tea Party Express">Tea Party Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Patriots" title="Tea Party Patriots">Tea Party Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Nation" title="Tea Party Nation">Tea Party Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breitbart_News" title="Breitbart News">Breitbart News</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">Libertarian Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_Caucus" title="Second Amendment Caucus">Second Amendment Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Caucus" title="Tea Party Caucus">Tea Party Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Community" title="Tea Party Community">Tea Party Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TheBlaze" class="mw-redirect" title="TheBlaze">TheBlaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_for_Trump" title="Women for Trump">Women for Trump</a> (founded by Kremer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/9-12_Project" title="9-12 Project">9-12 Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Congress" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Congress" title="Template:United States Congress"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Congress" title="Template talk:United States Congress"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Congress" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Congress"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Congress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress">Joint session</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th</a> ← <a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a> → <a href="/wiki/119th_United_States_Congress" title="119th United States Congress">119th</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_United_States_Congress" title="Lists of United States Congress">Lists of United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Members_and_leaders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_congress" title="Member of congress">Members and leaders</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_longevity_of_service" title="List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service">By length of service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_brevity_of_service" title="List of members of the United States Congress by brevity of service">By shortness of service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_youngest_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of youngest members of the United States Congress">Youngest members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-voting_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives">Non-voting members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unseated_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Unseated members of the United States Congress">Unseated members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">seniority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Dean of the United States Senate">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_United_States_senators" title="List of former United States senators">Former</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_expelled_or_censured" title="List of United States senators expelled or censured">Expelled or censured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_born_outside_the_United_States" title="List of United States senators born outside the United States">Born outside the U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resignation_from_the_United_States_Senate" title="Resignation from the United States Senate">Resigned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_appointed_United_States_senators" title="List of appointed United States senators">Appointed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_who_switched_parties" title="List of United States senators who switched parties">Switched parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">Members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Seniority in the United States House of Representatives">seniority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Dean of the United States House of Representatives">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of former members of the United States House of Representatives">Former</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_expelled,_censured,_or_reprimanded" title="List of United States representatives expelled, censured, or reprimanded">Expelled, censured, and reprimanded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_served_a_single_term" title="List of members of the United States House of Representatives who served a single term">Served a single term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_lost_re-election_in_a_primary" title="List of members of the United States House of Representatives who lost re-election in a primary">Lost re-election in a primary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_who_switched_parties" title="List of United States representatives who switched parties">Switched parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members-elect_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_who_never_took_their_seats" title="List of members-elect of the United States House of Representatives who never took their seats">Elected but did not serve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_90th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 90th United States Congress">90th (1967)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_91st_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 91st United States Congress">91st (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_92nd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 92nd United States Congress">92nd (1971)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_93rd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 93rd United States Congress">93rd (1973)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_94th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 94th United States Congress">94th (1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_95th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 95th United States Congress">95th (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_96th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 96th United States Congress">96th (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_97th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 97th United States Congress">97th (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_98th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 98th United States Congress">98th (1983)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_99th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 99th United States Congress">99th (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_100th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 100th United States Congress">100th (1987)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_101st_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 101st United States Congress">101st (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_102nd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 102nd United States Congress">102nd (1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_103rd_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 103rd United States Congress">103rd (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_104th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 104th United States Congress">104th (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_105th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 105th United States Congress">105th (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_106th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 106th United States Congress">106th (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_107th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 107th United States Congress">107th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_108th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 108th United States Congress">108th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_109th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 109th United States Congress">109th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_110th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 110th United States Congress">110th (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_111th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 111th United States Congress">111th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_112th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 112th United States Congress">112th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_113th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 113th United States Congress">113th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_114th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 114th United States Congress">114th (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_115th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 115th United States Congress">115th (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_116th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 116th United States Congress">116th (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_117th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 117th United States Congress">117th (2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_members_of_the_118th_United_States_Congress" title="List of new members of the 118th United States Congress">118th (2023)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="List of presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Democratic Caucus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus#Chairs" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus#Caucus_secretary" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Democratic_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Democratic Policy Committee">Policy Committee Chair</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Republican Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference#List_of_conference_chairmen_and_chairwomen" title="Senate Republican Conference">Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference#List_of_Secretary_and_Vice_Chairman" title="Senate Republican Conference">Vice-Chair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Republican Policy Committee">Policy Committee Chair</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">Speaker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">Leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bipartisan_Legal_Advisory_Group" title="Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group">Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">Democratic Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Republican Conference</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_congressional_districts" title="List of United States congressional districts">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_apportionment" title="United States congressional apportionment">Apportionment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrymandering#United_States" title="Gerrymandering">Gerrymandering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congressional_caucus" title="Congressional caucus">Congressional caucus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caucuses_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Caucuses of the United States Congress">Caucuses of the United States Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethnic and racial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="African Americans in the United States Congress">African-American members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_senators" title="List of African-American United States senators">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_representatives" title="List of African-American United States representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus" title="Congressional Black Caucus">Black Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arab_and_Middle_Eastern_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Arab and Middle Eastern Americans in the United States Congress">Arab and Middle Eastern members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_Americans_and_Pacific_Islands_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans in the United States Congress">Asian Pacific American members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Asian_Pacific_American_Caucus" title="Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus">Asian Pacific American Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress">Hispanic and Latino members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Caucus" title="Congressional Hispanic Caucus">Hispanic Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Conference" title="Congressional Hispanic Conference">Hispanic Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Jewish members of the United States Congress">Jewish members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Jewish_Caucus" title="Congressional Jewish Caucus">Congressional Jewish Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Native Americans in the United States Congress">Native American members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gender and sexual identity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="List of LGBT members of the United States Congress">LGBT members</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Equality_Caucus" title="Congressional Equality Caucus">Equality Caucus</a></li></ul></li> <li>Women <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Women in the United States Senate">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Caucus_for_Women%27s_Issues" title="Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues">Issues Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives#Current_female_members" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">current House</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Physicians_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Physicians in the United States Congress">Physicians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Buddhist_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Buddhist members of the United States Congress">Buddhist members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Hindu members of the United States Congress">Hindu members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Jewish members of the United States Congress">Jewish members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mormon_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Mormon members of the United States Congress">Mormon (LDS) members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Muslim_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Muslim members of the United States Congress">Muslim members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Quaker_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Quaker members of the United States Congress">Quaker members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalip_Singh_Saund" title="Dalip Singh Saund">Sikh members</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_longest-serving_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of historical longest-serving members of the United States Congress">By length of service historically</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_wealth" title="List of current members of the United States Congress by wealth">Current members by wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_from_multiple_states" title="List of members of the United States Congress from multiple states">From multiple states</a></li> <li>Died in office <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1790%E2%80%931899)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899)">1790–1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1900%E2%80%931949)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–1949)">1900–1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(1950%E2%80%931999)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (1950–1999)">1950–1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(2000%E2%80%93)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (2000–)">2000–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_killed_or_wounded_in_office" title="List of United States Congress members killed or wounded in office">Killed or wounded in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_party_switchers_in_the_United_States" title="List of party switchers in the United States">Party switchers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_who_owned_slaves" title="List of members of the United States Congress who owned slaves">Slave owners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Powers,_privileges,_procedure,_committees,_history,_media" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, media</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Powers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_One_of_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Article One of the United States Constitution">Article I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copyright_Clause" title="Copyright Clause">Copyright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Clause" title="Commerce Clause">Commerce</a> <a href="/wiki/Dormant_Commerce_Clause" title="Dormant Commerce Clause">(Dormant)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contempt_of_Congress" title="Contempt of Congress">Contempt of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_war_by_the_United_States" title="Declaration of war by the United States">Declaration of war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">Impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_in_the_United_States" title="Impeachment inquiry in the United States">Inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_trial_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment trial in the United States">Trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_nationality_law" title="United States nationality law">Naturalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necessary_and_Proper_Clause" title="Necessary and Proper Clause">"Necessary and Proper"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_power_of_enforcement" title="Congressional power of enforcement">Power of enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxing_and_Spending_Clause" title="Taxing and Spending Clause">Taxing/spending</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Privileges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salaries_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Salaries of members of the United States Congress">Salaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franking" title="Franking">Franking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speech_or_Debate_Clause" title="Speech or Debate Clause">Immunity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Procedure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">Act of Congress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_legislation" title="List of United States federal legislation">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appropriations_bill_(United_States)" title="Appropriations bill (United States)">Appropriation bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_(United_States_Congress)" title="Bill (United States Congress)">Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_budget_process" title="United States budget process">Budget process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censure_in_the_United_States" title="Censure in the United States">Censure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Closed session of the United States Congress">Closed sessions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Closed_sessions_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Closed sessions of the United States House of Representatives">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_sessions_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Closed sessions of the United States Senate">Senate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture">Cloture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrent_resolution" title="Concurrent resolution">Concurrent resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuing_resolution" title="Continuing resolution">Continuing resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dear_Colleague_letter_(United_States)" title="Dear Colleague letter (United States)">Dear Colleague letter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_petition" title="Discharge petition">Discharge petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrolled_bill" title="Enrolled bill">Enrolled bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_from_the_United_States_Congress" title="Expulsion from the United States Congress">Expulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_resolution" title="Joint resolution">Joint resolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_session_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Joint session of the United States Congress">Joint session</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_joint_sessions_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of joint sessions of the United States Congress">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lame-duck_session" title="Lame-duck session">Lame-duck session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_minute" title="Magic minute">Magic minute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastert_Rule" class="mw-redirect" title="Hastert Rule">Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_referral" title="Multiple referral">Multiple referral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procedures_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Procedures of the United States House of Representatives">House procedures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quorum_call" title="Quorum call">Quorum call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation_(United_States_Congress)" title="Reconciliation (United States Congress)">Reconciliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rider_(legislation)" title="Rider (legislation)">Rider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxbe_fix" title="Saxbe fix">Saxbe fix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponsor_(legislative)" title="Sponsor (legislative)">Sponsorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_the_rules_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="Suspension of the rules in the United States Congress">Suspension of the rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unanimous_consent" title="Unanimous consent">Unanimous consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veto" title="Veto">Veto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Line-item_veto" title="Line-item veto">Line-item veto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_veto" title="Pocket veto">Pocket veto</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate-specific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advice_and_consent" title="Advice and consent">Advice and consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_slip_(U.S._Senate)" title="Blue slip (U.S. Senate)">Blue slip (U.S. Senate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_communication" title="Executive communication">Executive communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_session" title="Executive session">Executive session</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Filibuster in the United States Senate">Filibuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Manual" title="Jefferson's Manual">Jefferson's Manual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Journal" title="United States Senate Journal">Senate Journal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_business" title="Morning business">Morning business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_option" title="Nuclear option">Nuclear option</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presiding_Officer_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Presiding Officer of the United States Senate">Presiding Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recess_appointment" title="Recess appointment">Recess appointment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation_(United_States_Congress)" title="Reconciliation (United States Congress)">Reconciliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riddick%27s_Senate_Procedure" title="Riddick's Senate Procedure">Riddick's Senate Procedure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_hold" title="Senate hold">Senate hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senatorial_courtesy" title="Senatorial courtesy">Senatorial courtesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">Seniority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_Rules_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Standing Rules of the United States Senate">Standing Rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tie-breaking_votes_cast_by_the_vice_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of tie-breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States">Tie-breaking votes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Traditions of the United States Senate">Traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_Clause" title="Treaty Clause">Treaty Clause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_committee" title="United States congressional committee">Committees</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ranking_member" title="Ranking member">ranking member</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_of_the_Whole_(United_States_House_of_Representatives)" title="Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives)">Of the Whole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_conference_committee" title="United States congressional conference committee">Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discharge_petition" title="Discharge petition">Discharge petition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_hearing" title="United States congressional hearing">Hearings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markup_(legislation)" title="Markup (legislation)">Markup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_oversight" title="Congressional oversight">Oversight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_congressional_joint_committees" title="List of United States congressional joint committees">List (Joint)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="List of United States House of Representatives committees">List (House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senate_committees" title="List of United States Senate committees">List (Senate)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Select_or_special_committee_(United_States_Congress)" title="Select or special committee (United States Congress)">Select and special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_committee_(United_States_Congress)" title="Standing committee (United States Congress)">Standing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_subcommittee" title="United States congressional subcommittee">Subcommittees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gavel#United_States_Congress_gavels" title="Gavel">Gavels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mace_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Mace of the United States House of Representatives">Mace of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal of the United States Senate">Seal of the Senate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="History of the United States Congress">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="History of the United States House of Representatives">House history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._representative_bibliography_(congressional_memoirs)" title="U.S. representative bibliography (congressional memoirs)">memoirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="List of Speaker of the United States House of Representatives elections">speaker elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="History of the United States Senate">Senate history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senate_election_disputes" title="List of United States Senate election disputes">election disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._senator_bibliography_(congressional_memoirs)" title="U.S. senator bibliography (congressional memoirs)">memoirs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Hall" title="Federal Hall">Federal Hall (1789–1790)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_Hall" title="Congress Hall">Congress Hall (1790–1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Brick_Capitol" title="Old Brick Capitol">Old Brick Capitol (1815–1819)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divided_government_in_the_United_States" title="Divided government in the United States">Divided government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_divisions_of_United_States_Congresses" title="Party divisions of United States Congresses">Party divisions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Quarterly" title="Congressional Quarterly">Congressional Quarterly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roll_Call" title="Roll Call">Roll Call</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Capitol_Complex_(Capitol_Hill)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Complex" title="United States Capitol Complex">Capitol Complex</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislative offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_staff" title="Congressional staff">Congressional staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Gov. Accountability Office (GAO)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comptroller_General_of_the_United_States" title="Comptroller General of the United States">Comptroller General</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architect_of_the_Capitol" title="Architect of the Capitol">Architect of the Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Police" title="United States Capitol Police">Cap. Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Police_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitol Police Board">Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Guide_Service" title="United States Capitol Guide Service">Cap. Guide Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congr. Budget Office (CBO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Congressional_Workplace_Rights" title="Office of Congressional Workplace Rights">Congr. Workplace Rights (OCWR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Gov. Publishing Office (GPO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Technology_Assessment" title="Office of Technology Assessment">Technology Assessment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curator_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Curator of the United States Senate">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Historian of the United States Senate">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Library" title="United States Senate Library">Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Congressional_Ethics" title="Office of Congressional Ethics">Congr. Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Office_of_Emergency_Planning,_Preparedness,_and_Operations" title="United States House of Representatives Office of Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations">Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Office_of_Interparliamentary_Affairs" title="United States House of Representatives Office of Interparliamentary Affairs">Interparliamentary Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Law_Revision_Counsel" title="Office of the Law Revision Counsel">Law Revision Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Legislative_Counsel" title="Office of the Legislative Counsel">Legislative Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives_Library" title="United States House of Representatives Library">Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Employees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Secretary of the United States Senate">Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Chaplain of the United States Senate">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curator_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Curator of the United States Senate">Curator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Historian of the United States Senate">Historian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Librarian" title="United States Senate Librarian">Librarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Page of the United States Senate">Pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentarian_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Parliamentarian of the United States Senate">Parliamentarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate">Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives">Chaplain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Administrative_Officer_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Chief Administrative Officer of the United States House of Representatives">Chief Administrative Officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Clerk of the United States House of Representatives">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doorkeeper_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives">Doorkeeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Floor_Operations" title="Director of Floor Operations">Floor Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floor_Services_Chief" title="Floor Services Chief">Floor Services Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historian_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Historian of the United States House of Representatives">Historian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Page of the United States House of Representatives">Pages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Page_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="House Page Board">Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentarian_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives">Parliamentarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmaster_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives">Postmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_Clerk_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives">Reading Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_at_Arms_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives">Sergeant at Arms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service_reports" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Research Service reports">reports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Office" title="United States Copyright Office">Copyright Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Register_of_Copyrights" title="Register of Copyrights">Register of Copyrights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_Library_of_Congress" title="Law Library of Congress">Law Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Poet_Laureate" title="United States Poet Laureate">Poet Laureate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THOMAS" title="THOMAS">THOMAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_Building" title="John Adams Building">Adams Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_Building" title="Thomas Jefferson Building">Jefferson Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Memorial_Building" title="James Madison Memorial Building">Madison Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Publishing_Office" title="United States Government Publishing Office">Gov. Publishing Office</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Printer_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Printer of the United States">Public Printer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Pictorial_Directory" title="Congressional Pictorial Directory">Congressional Pictorial Directory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Record" title="Congressional Record">Congressional Record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Congressional_Directory" title="Official Congressional Directory">Official Congressional Directory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Government_Manual" title="United States Government Manual">U.S. Gov. Manual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_Serial_Set" title="United States Congressional Serial Set">Serial Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large" title="United States Statutes at Large">Statutes at Large</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol" title="United States Capitol">Capitol Building</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artwork_at_the_United_States_Capitol_complex" title="List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex">List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_portraits_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives_collection_(A-J)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of portraits in the United States House of Representatives collection (A-J)">List of portraits in the United States House of Representatives collection (A-J)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brumidi_Corridors" title="Brumidi Corridors">Brumidi Corridors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Prayer_Room" title="Congressional Prayer Room">Congressional Prayer Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_crypt" title="United States Capitol crypt">Crypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_dome" title="United States Capitol dome">Dome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Freedom" title="Statue of Freedom">Statue of Freedom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_rotunda" title="United States Capitol rotunda">Rotunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hall_of_Columns" title="Hall of Columns">Hall of Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Statuary_Hall" title="National Statuary Hall">Statuary Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_Visitor_Center" title="United States Capitol Visitor Center">Visitor Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Washington" title="The Apotheosis of Washington">The Apotheosis of Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Freedom" title="Statue of Freedom">Statue of Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_(painting)" title="Declaration of Independence (painting)">Declaration of Independence painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States">Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apotheosis_of_Democracy" title="Apotheosis of Democracy">Apotheosis of Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_of_Civilization_Pediment" title="Progress of Civilization Pediment">Progress of Civilization Pediment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Reading_of_the_Emancipation_Proclamation_of_President_Lincoln" title="First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln">First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_General_Burgoyne" title="Surrender of General Burgoyne">Surrender of General Burgoyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Lord_Cornwallis" title="Surrender of Lord Cornwallis">Surrender of Lord Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_and_the_Revolutionary_War_Door" title="George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door">George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_War_Door" title="Revolutionary War Door">Revolutionary War Door</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Doors" title="Columbus Doors">Columbus Doors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_at_Princeton" title="Washington at Princeton">Washington at Princeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westward_the_Course_of_Empire_Takes_Its_Way" title="Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way">Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President%27s_Room" title="Vice President's Room">VP's Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Vice_Presidential_Bust_Collection" title="United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection">VP Bust Collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congressional_office_buildings" title="Congressional office buildings">Office buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dirksen_Senate_Office_Building" title="Dirksen Senate Office Building">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_Senate_Office_Building" title="Hart Senate Office Building">Hart</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountains_and_Clouds" title="Mountains and Clouds">Mountains and Clouds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Senate_Office_Building" title="Russell Senate Office Building">Russell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Office_Building_Commission" title="House Office Building Commission">Building Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_office_lottery" title="Congressional office lottery">office lottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon_House_Office_Building" title="Cannon House Office Building">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_House_Office_Building" title="Ford House Office Building">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longworth_House_Office_Building" title="Longworth House Office Building">Longworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Neill_House_Office_Building" title="O'Neill House Office Building">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayburn_House_Office_Building" title="Rayburn House Office Building">Rayburn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Botanic_Garden" title="United States Botanic Garden">Botanic Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Staff_Health_and_Fitness_Facility" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Staff Health and Fitness Facility">Health and Fitness Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recording_Studio_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Recording Studio of the United States House of Representatives">House Recording Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_chamber" title="United States Senate chamber">Senate chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Senate_Chamber" title="Old Senate Chamber">Old Senate Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Supreme_Court_Chamber" title="Old Supreme Court Chamber">Old Supreme Court Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Power_Plant" title="Capitol Power Plant">Power Plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster_Senate_Page_Residence" title="Daniel Webster Senate Page Residence">Webster Page Residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_subway_system" title="United States Capitol subway system">Subway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol_cornerstone_laying" title="United States Capitol cornerstone laying">United States Capitol cornerstone laying</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_Caucus&oldid=1259159114">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Freedom_Caucus&oldid=1259159114</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2015_in_American_politics" title="Category:2015 in American politics">2015 in 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