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PSL in the international rankings | PSL

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<a href="/en/international/study-teach-psl/psl-global-strategy-and-international-partnerships" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5294">PSL Global: strategy and international partnerships</a> </li> <li class="niv-2"> <a href="/en/education/international-students" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3540">International students: your application at PSL</a> </li> <li class="niv-2"> <a href="https://psl.eu/recherche/doctorat-et-post-doctorat/welcome-desk-chercheuse-chercheur">Welcome Desk - Researchers</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="niv-1"> <a href="/en/universite/international/eelisa-european-engineering-learning-innovation-science-alliance" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3330">European University - EELISA</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-menusecondaire-2-menu" id="block-menusecondaire-2"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-menusecondaire-2-menu">Menu secondaire</h2> <div class="menu_secondaire"> <div class="btn_sec">You 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href="https://www.psl.eu/universite/nos-etablissements">Schools</a> </div> </div> <section class="main_section"> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <div class="head_visuel" style="height:410px;background:url('//static.psl.eu/sites/default/files/2018-12/slider%20page%20faire%20un%20don%20v2.jpg')"></div> <div class="simple_content"> <h1> <span property="schema:name">PSL in the international rankings</span> </h1> <div class="share_block"> <div class="share_btn">Share :</div> <div class="social-buttons"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A//psl.eu/en/university/psl-international-rankings" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i><span class="visually-hidden">Facebook</span></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&amp;url=https%3A//psl.eu/en/university/psl-international-rankings&amp;title=PSL%20in%20the%20international%20rankings" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-linkedin"></i><span class="visually-hidden">Linked in</span></a> <a href="" title="Print" data-popup-open="false" onClick="window.print();"><i class="fa fa-print"></i><span class="visually-hidden">Print</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-paragraphe-type-1 field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--chapo paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="chapo_block"> <p>Ranked 2nd in the Young University Ranking (THE), 24th in QS (Quacquarelli Symonds) and 33rd in the Shanghai ranking, Universit茅 PSL is also one of the top 50 universities worldwide in the THE ranking.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-simple paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-text-simple field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"><h2>Universit茅 PSL in the world's top 50</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--galerie-3-col paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="galery_3_col"> <div class="col"> <div class="hovered_image_block"> <img src="//static.psl.eu/sites/default/files/styles/315x230/public/2024-06/top_50_15.png?itok=tAnIzlg4" alt="THE 2024 ENG"> <div class="hover"></div> </div> <div class="title">40th Times Higher Education (THE) 2024</div> </div> <a href="https://psl.eu/en/news/qs-rankings-2024-universite-psl-first-french-university-join-top-25" class="col"> <div class="hovered_image_block"> <img src="//static.psl.eu/sites/default/files/styles/315x230/public/2024-05/12.png?itok=DupBmIOy" alt="QS 2024 ENG"> <div class="hover"></div> </div> <div class="title">24th QS 2024</div> </a> <div class="col"> <div class="hovered_image_block"> <img src="//static.psl.eu/sites/default/files/styles/315x230/public/2024-08/top_50_17.png?itok=vnoNeIrS" alt="Shanghai ranking 2024"> <div class="hover"></div> </div> <div class="title">33rd ARWU Shanghai 2023</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--galerie-3-col paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="galery_3_col"> <div class="col"> <div class="hovered_image_block"> <div class="hover"></div> </div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="hovered_image_block"> <img src="//static.psl.eu/sites/default/files/styles/315x230/public/2024-05/16.png?itok=PY8pdW07" alt="THE Best Young Universities 2024 ENG"> <div class="hover"></div> </div> <div class="title">2nd THE Best Young Universities 2024</div> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="hovered_image_block"> <div class="hover"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-simple paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--en-savoir-plus paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="savoir_plus_block"> <h2>International university rankings</h2> <p>PSL has been ranked since 2018 in some of the major international university rankings. A few words of explanation on four of them:</p> <ul> <li><strong>THE ranking</strong>: Released by the Times Higher Education (THE), a British monthly newspaper based in London and specialized in the field of higher education, the ranking is based on reputation surveys from academics and/or entrepreneurs. It also includes a several criteria in order to describe the different activities of the universities. Each year, the rankings are released from three different angles: the <strong>World University Ranking</strong> in September for the coming year, the <strong>Reputation Ranking</strong> whose results are published in the spring, and the <strong>Young University Ranking</strong> (YUR), i.e. young universities created less than 50 years ago. All the results for PSL are available on <a href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/paris-sciences-et-lettres-psl-research-university-paris#pane-institution-courses">the THE website</a>.<br> &nbsp;</li> <li><strong>QS World Ranking</strong>: Released by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS), a British agency specializing in education, theranking is based on criteria comparable to those of the THE, in particular academic reputation and the quality of research. It also highlights the brand's reputation among employers, the proportion of foreign students and researchers and the faculty-to-student ratio. All the results for PSL can be consulted on the <a href="https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/universite-psl">Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) website</a>.<br> &nbsp;</li> <li>The <strong>Shanghai ranking</strong>, <strong>also known as Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU)</strong> is one of the indicators that allow, beyond the diversity of national contexts and statutes, to make international comparisons between major research universities, mainly in terms of influence (major international academic prizes) and quality of scientific production (volume and impact measured by citations). The ARWU Global Ranking of Academic Subjects (GRAS), produced with the collaboration of Clarivate, is based, for its bibliometric part, on data from the Web of Science and includes thematic rankings for 54 subjects divided between Natural Sciences (8 subjects), Engineering (22 subjects), Life Sciences (4 subjects), Medical Sciences (6 subjects) and Social Sciences (14 subjects). Some fields such as Arts and Humanities are not covered. 1800 universities are ranked each year out of the 4,000 taken into account. In each subject area, depending on the size of the field, the number of universities ranked can vary between 100 and 500. <a href="http://www.shanghairanking.com/">http://www.shanghairanking.com/</a><br> &nbsp;</li> <br> &nbsp; </ul> <p>Each of those rankings also includes a classification by subject and major scientific fields.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field--item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--text-simple paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-text-simple field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"><p><em>Data collected from the rankings (World University Ranking and Young University Ranking) issued for year 2019 by the Times Higher Education (THE), the British agency Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) and the US News &amp; World Report..</em></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cont940"> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-newsletter" class="block-webform-submission-newsletter block block-webform block-webform-block clearfix"> <form class="webform-submission-form webform-submission-add-form webform-submission-newsletter-form webform-submission-newsletter-add-form webform-submission-newsletter-node-1849-form webform-submission-newsletter-node-1849-add-form js-webform-details-toggle webform-details-toggle" data-drupal-selector="webform-submission-newsletter-node-1849-add-form" action="/en/university/psl-international-rankings" method="post" id="webform-submission-newsletter-node-1849-add-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-email js-form-type-email form-item-email js-form-item-email form-group"> <label for="edit-email" class="control-label">Notre newsletter : <strong>pour rester en contact avec PSL</strong></label> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-email" class="form-email form-control" type="email" id="edit-email" name="email" value="" size="60" maxlength="254" placeholder="Entrer votre email" /><span class="icon"></span> </div> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions webform-actions form-group js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"> <button class="webform-button--submit button button--primary js-form-submit form-submit btn-primary btn" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions-submit" type="submit" id="edit-actions-submit" name="op" value="OK">OK</button> </div> <input data-drupal-selector="form-1sfwmvh3mymmap5ysxkestksupulcjg1rfr4pmvkami" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-1SFwMVh3mYMmAP5YsxKeStkSUPulCjG1RFR4pmVKAMI" /><input data-drupal-selector="edit-webform-submission-newsletter-node-1849-add-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="webform_submission_newsletter_node_1849_add_form" /> </form> </section> <section id="block-mentionrgdpnewsletter" class="block block-block-content block-block-content6e836901-45d0-44bc-8ae7-fed312a94cd9 clearfix"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field--item"><p>Your e-mail address will only be used to send you the PSL newsletter. 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