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stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/rendering/server-components">Server Components</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/rendering/client-components">Client Components</a></li><li class="my-1.5" 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bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/caching">Caching</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/styling">Styling<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/styling/css">CSS</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/styling/tailwind-css">Tailwind CSS</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/styling/sass">Sass</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full 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style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/optimizing/images">Images</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/optimizing/videos">Videos</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/optimizing/fonts">Fonts</a></li><li 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text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/optimizing/lazy-loading">Lazy Loading</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/optimizing/analytics">Analytics</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/optimizing/instrumentation">Instrumentation</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/optimizing/open-telemetry">OpenTelemetry</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a 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data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring">Configuring<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/environment-variables">Environment Variables</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/mdx">MDX</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/src-directory">src Directory</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/custom-server">Custom Server</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/draft-mode">Draft Mode</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/content-security-policy">Content Security Policy</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/debugging">Debugging</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/configuring/progressive-web-apps">Progressive Web Applications (PWA)</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/testing">Testing<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M6 9l6 6 6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="false" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="true"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-geist-link font-medium" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/testing/vitest"><div aria-hidden="true" class="absolute -left-[13px] bottom-0 top-0 w-[1px] bg-blue-600"></div>Vitest</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/testing/jest">Jest</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/testing/playwright">Playwright</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/testing/cypress">Cypress</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/authentication">Authentication</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/deploying">Deploying<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist">Production Checklist</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports">Static Exports</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones">Multi-Zones</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/upgrading">Upgrading<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods">Codemods</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/upgrading/version-15">Version 15</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/upgrading/version-14">Version 14</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration">App Router Migration</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-create-react-app">Migrating from Create React App</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-vite">Migrating from Vite</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/examples">Examples</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li></ul><ul class="last-of-type:pb-3"><li class="my-1.5 ml-[3px]" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-1000 font-medium" href="/docs/app/api-reference">API Reference</a><div data-is-collapsed="false" style="height:auto;opacity:1;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mb-8"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/directives">Directives<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-client">use client</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/directives/use-server">use server</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/components">Components<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/components/font">Font</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/components/form"><Form></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/components/image"><Image></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/components/link"><Link></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/components/script"><Script></a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions">File Conventions<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/default">default.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/error">error.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/instrumentation">instrumentation.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/layout">layout.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/loading">loading.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/mdx-components">mdx-components.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/middleware">middleware.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/not-found">not-found.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/page">page.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route">route.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route-segment-config">Route Segment Config</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/template">template.js</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata">Metadata Files<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-6"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/app-icons">favicon, icon, and apple-icon</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/manifest">manifest.json</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/opengraph-image">opengraph-image and twitter-image</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/robots">robots.txt</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/sitemap">sitemap.xml</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions">Functions<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/connection">connection</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/cookies">cookies</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode">draftMode</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/fetch">fetch</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-image-metadata">generateImageMetadata</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata">generateMetadata</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-sitemaps">generateSitemaps</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-static-params">generateStaticParams</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-viewport">generateViewport</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/headers">headers</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/image-response">ImageResponse</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/next-request">NextRequest</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/next-response">NextResponse</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/not-found">notFound</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/permanentRedirect">permanentRedirect</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/redirect">redirect</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath">revalidatePath</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag">revalidateTag</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_after"><div class="flex items-center gap-2">unstable_after<svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9 7.6736V7V2.5H7V7V7.6736L6.49655 8.12111L4.38279 10L11.6172 10L9.50345 8.12111L9 7.6736ZM5.5 2.5H4V1H5.5H7H9H10.5H12V2.5H10.5V7L14.0735 10.1765C14.6628 10.7003 15 11.4511 15 12.2396C15 13.7641 13.7641 15 12.2396 15H3.7604C2.23587 15 1 13.7641 1 12.2396C1 11.4511 1.33718 10.7003 1.92649 10.1765L5.5 7V2.5ZM2.5 12.2396C2.5 11.9717 2.58527 11.7133 2.7398 11.5L13.2602 11.5C13.4147 11.7133 13.5 11.9717 13.5 12.2396C13.5 12.9357 12.9357 13.5 12.2396 13.5H3.7604C3.0643 13.5 2.5 12.9357 2.5 12.2396Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg></div></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache"><div class="flex items-center gap-2">unstable_cache<svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.5 3.5H14.5V5.5H13.5H2.5H1.5V3.5ZM1 7H0V5.5V3.5V2H1.5H14.5H16V3.5V5.5V7H15V12.5C15 13.8807 13.8807 15 12.5 15H3.5C2.11929 15 1 13.8807 1 12.5V7ZM2.5 7V12.5C2.5 13.0523 2.94772 13.5 3.5 13.5H12.5C13.0523 13.5 13.5 13.0523 13.5 12.5V7H2.5ZM6 9.5H6.75H9.25H10V11H9.25H6.75H6V9.5Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></div></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_noStore"><div class="flex items-center gap-2">unstable_noStore<svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.5 3.5H14.5V5.5H13.5H2.5H1.5V3.5ZM1 7H0V5.5V3.5V2H1.5H14.5H16V3.5V5.5V7H15V12.5C15 13.8807 13.8807 15 12.5 15H3.5C2.11929 15 1 13.8807 1 12.5V7ZM2.5 7V12.5C2.5 13.0523 2.94772 13.5 3.5 13.5H12.5C13.0523 13.5 13.5 13.0523 13.5 12.5V7H2.5ZM6 9.5H6.75H9.25H10V11H9.25H6.75H6V9.5Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></div></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_rethrow"><div class="flex items-center gap-2">unstable_rethrow<svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M9 7.6736V7V2.5H7V7V7.6736L6.49655 8.12111L4.38279 10L11.6172 10L9.50345 8.12111L9 7.6736ZM5.5 2.5H4V1H5.5H7H9H10.5H12V2.5H10.5V7L14.0735 10.1765C14.6628 10.7003 15 11.4511 15 12.2396C15 13.7641 13.7641 15 12.2396 15H3.7604C2.23587 15 1 13.7641 1 12.2396C1 11.4511 1.33718 10.7003 1.92649 10.1765L5.5 7V2.5ZM2.5 12.2396C2.5 11.9717 2.58527 11.7133 2.7398 11.5L13.2602 11.5C13.4147 11.7133 13.5 11.9717 13.5 12.2396C13.5 12.9357 12.9357 13.5 12.2396 13.5H3.7604C3.0643 13.5 2.5 12.9357 2.5 12.2396Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg></div></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-params">useParams</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-pathname">usePathname</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-report-web-vitals">useReportWebVitals</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-router">useRouter</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-search-params">useSearchParams</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segment">useSelectedLayoutSegment</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segments">useSelectedLayoutSegments</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/functions/userAgent">userAgent</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none 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10.1765C14.6628 10.7003 15 11.4511 15 12.2396C15 13.7641 13.7641 15 12.2396 15H3.7604C2.23587 15 1 13.7641 1 12.2396C1 11.4511 1.33718 10.7003 1.92649 10.1765L5.5 7V2.5ZM2.5 12.2396C2.5 11.9717 2.58527 11.7133 2.7398 11.5L13.2602 11.5C13.4147 11.7133 13.5 11.9717 13.5 12.2396C13.5 12.9357 12.9357 13.5 12.2396 13.5H3.7604C3.0643 13.5 2.5 12.9357 2.5 12.2396Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg></div></a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/next-config-js/webpack">webpack</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/app/api-reference/next-config-js/webVitalsAttribution"><div class="flex items-center gap-2">webVitalsAttribution<svg 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18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/building-your-application/routing/pages-and-layouts">Pages and Layouts</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/building-your-application/routing/dynamic-routes">Dynamic Routes</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm 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Fetching<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l border-gray-200 pl-3 dark:border-gray-300 ml-4"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/get-static-props">getStaticProps</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 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href="/docs/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-12">Version 12</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-11">Version 11</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-10">Version 10</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-9">Version 9</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li></ul><ul class="last-of-type:pb-3 hidden"><li class="my-1.5 ml-[3px]" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-1000 font-medium" href="/docs/pages/api-reference">API Reference</a><div data-is-collapsed="false" style="height:auto;opacity:1;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mb-8"><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/api-reference/components">Components<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" 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class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/api-reference/functions/use-amp">useAmp</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/api-reference/functions/use-report-web-vitals">useReportWebVitals</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/api-reference/functions/use-router">useRouter</a></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/api-reference/functions/userAgent">userAgent</a></li></ul><div aria-hidden="true" class="from-gray-0 pointer-events-none absolute bottom-0 left-0 z-10 h-[6px] w-full bg-gradient-to-t"></div></div></div></li><li class="my-1.5" data-active="false"><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 relative flex w-full cursor-pointer items-center justify-between rounded-md py-1 pl-2 text-left text-sm text-gray-900" href="/docs/pages/api-reference/next-config-js">next.config.js Options<svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:16px;height:16px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></a><div data-is-collapsed="true" style="height:0;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column"><div class="relative"><ul class="px-0.5 last-of-type:mb-0 mr-6 border-l 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space-y-2.5 overflow-y-auto py-2 text-sm"><li><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 block leading-[1.6] text-gray-900" href="#quickstart">Quickstart</a></li><li><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 block leading-[1.6] text-gray-900" href="#manual-setup">Manual Setup</a></li><li><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 block leading-[1.6] text-gray-900" href="#creating-your-first-vitest-unit-test">Creating your first Vitest Unit Test</a></li><li><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 block leading-[1.6] text-gray-900" href="#running-your-tests">Running your tests</a></li><li><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 block leading-[1.6] text-gray-900" href="#additional-resources">Additional Resources</a></li></ul></div><div class="mt-3 space-y-2 border-t border-gray-200 pt-5 text-sm text-gray-900 dark:border-gray-300"></div><a class="hover:text-gray-1000 mb-3 flex items-center gap-x-1.5 text-sm text-gray-900 transition-opacity" href="https://vercel.com/solutions/nextjs?utm_source=next-site&utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=managed_nextjs_solutions_page">Managed Next.js (Vercel) <svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:14px;height:14px"><path d="M7 17L17 7"/><path d="M7 7h10v10"/></svg></a><button class="hover:text-gray-1000 flex items-center gap-x-1.5 text-sm text-gray-900 transition-opacity opacity-0" type="button">Scroll to top <svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:14px;height:14px"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"/><path d="M16 12l-4-4-4 4"/><path d="M12 16V8"/></svg></button></div></nav><article class="mt-4 w-full min-w-0 max-w-6xl px-1 md:px-6" style="min-height:calc(100vh - 103px)" data-docs-container=""><div class="-mt-4 mb-7 md:mb-10 md:mt-2"><div class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 text-sm"><a class="text-gray-700 hover:text-gray-600" href="/docs/app/building-your-application">Building Your Application</a><span class="text-gray-700"><svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:18px;height:18px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></span><a class="text-gray-700 hover:text-gray-600" href="/docs/app/building-your-application/testing">Testing</a><span class="text-gray-700"><svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:18px;height:18px"><path d="M9 18l6-6-6-6"/></svg></span><span class="text-gray-1000 shrink-0">Vitest</span></div></div><div class="prose prose-vercel max-w-none" data-docs="true"><h1 class="break-words">Setting up Vitest with Next.js</h1><p>Vite and React Testing Library are frequently used together for <strong>Unit Testing</strong>. This guide will show you how to setup Vitest with Next.js and write your first tests.</p> <blockquote class="p-3 text-sm"> <p><strong>Good to know:</strong> Since <code>async</code> Server Components are new to the React ecosystem, Vitest currently does not support them. While you can still run <strong>unit tests</strong> for synchronous Server and Client Components, we recommend using an <strong>E2E tests</strong> for <code>async</code> components.</p> </blockquote> <h2 id="quickstart" data-docs-heading=""><a href="#quickstart">Quickstart<span><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" height="0.7em" width="0.7em"> <g stroke-width="1.2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M8.995,7.005 L8.995,7.005c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975l-1.99,1.99c-1.374,1.374-3.601,1.374-4.975,0l0,0c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975 l1.748-1.698"></path> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M7.005,8.995 L7.005,8.995c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975l1.99-1.99c1.374-1.374,3.601-1.374,4.975,0l0,0c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975 l-1.748,1.698"></path> </g> </svg></span></a></h2> <p>You can use <code>create-next-app</code> with the Next.js <a href="https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples/with-vitest" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">with-vitest<span class="inline-flex"><svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:14px;height:14px"><path d="M7 17L17 7"/><path d="M7 7h10v10"/></svg></span></a> example to quickly get started:</p> <div class="code-block_wrapper__t6FCO code-block_hasFileName__ezlBD code-block_hideLineNumbers__52YKH not-prose" data-geist-code-block=""><div class="code-block_header__t3NRd"><div class="code-block_fileName__HmSv1"><div aria-hidden="true" class="code-block_iconWrapper__TuHFk"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="width:16px;height:16px;color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.53035 12.7804L1.00002 13.3108L-0.0606384 12.2501L0.469692 11.7198L4.18936 8.00011L0.469692 4.28044L-0.0606384 3.75011L1.00002 2.68945L1.53035 3.21978L5.60358 7.29301C5.9941 7.68353 5.9941 8.3167 5.60357 8.70722L1.53035 12.7804ZM8.75002 12.5001H8.00002V14.0001H8.75002H15.25H16V12.5001H15.25H8.75002Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg></div><span class="code-block_filenameP__02nok">Terminal</span></div><div class="code-block_actions__yphRf"><button aria-label="Copy code" class="code-block_copyButton__uo5Yu" type="button"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.75 0.5C1.7835 0.5 1 1.2835 1 2.25V9.75C1 10.7165 1.7835 11.5 2.75 11.5H3.75H4.5V10H3.75H2.75C2.61193 10 2.5 9.88807 2.5 9.75V2.25C2.5 2.11193 2.61193 2 2.75 2H8.25C8.38807 2 8.5 2.11193 8.5 2.25V3H10V2.25C10 1.2835 9.2165 0.5 8.25 0.5H2.75ZM7.75 4.5C6.7835 4.5 6 5.2835 6 6.25V13.75C6 14.7165 6.7835 15.5 7.75 15.5H13.25C14.2165 15.5 15 14.7165 15 13.75V6.25C15 5.2835 14.2165 4.5 13.25 4.5H7.75ZM7.5 6.25C7.5 6.11193 7.61193 6 7.75 6H13.25C13.3881 6 13.5 6.11193 13.5 6.25V13.75C13.5 13.8881 13.3881 14 13.25 14H7.75C7.61193 14 7.5 13.8881 7.5 13.75V6.25Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M15.5607 3.99999L15.0303 4.53032L6.23744 13.3232C5.55403 14.0066 4.44599 14.0066 3.76257 13.3232L4.2929 12.7929L3.76257 13.3232L0.969676 10.5303L0.439346 9.99999L1.50001 8.93933L2.03034 9.46966L4.82323 12.2626C4.92086 12.3602 5.07915 12.3602 5.17678 12.2626L13.9697 3.46966L14.5 2.93933L15.5607 3.99999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></button></div></div><pre class="code-block_pre___OLfy"><code class="code-block_code__isn_V"><span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">npx </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">create-next-app@latest</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">--example</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">with-vitest</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">with-vitest-app</span></span></code></pre></div> <h2 id="manual-setup" data-docs-heading=""><a href="#manual-setup">Manual Setup<span><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" height="0.7em" width="0.7em"> <g stroke-width="1.2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M8.995,7.005 L8.995,7.005c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975l-1.99,1.99c-1.374,1.374-3.601,1.374-4.975,0l0,0c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975 l1.748-1.698"></path> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M7.005,8.995 L7.005,8.995c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975l1.99-1.99c1.374-1.374,3.601-1.374,4.975,0l0,0c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975 l-1.748,1.698"></path> </g> </svg></span></a></h2> <p>To manually set up Vitest, install <code>vitest</code> and the following packages as dev dependencies:</p>  <p>Create a <code>vitest.config.mts|js</code> file in the root of your project, and add the following options:</p> <div class="code-block_wrapper__t6FCO code-block_hasFileName__ezlBD not-prose" data-geist-code-block=""><div class="code-block_header__t3NRd"><div class="code-block_fileName__HmSv1"><div aria-hidden="true" class="code-block_iconWrapper__TuHFk"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="width:16px;height:16px;color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M14.5 6.5V13.5C14.5 14.8807 13.3807 16 12 16H4C2.61929 16 1.5 14.8807 1.5 13.5V1.5V0H3H8H9.08579C9.351 0 9.60536 0.105357 9.79289 0.292893L14.2071 4.70711C14.3946 4.89464 14.5 5.149 14.5 5.41421V6.5ZM13 6.5V13.5C13 14.0523 12.5523 14.5 12 14.5H4C3.44772 14.5 3 14.0523 3 13.5V1.5H8V5V6.5H9.5H13ZM9.5 2.12132V5H12.3787L9.5 2.12132Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></div><span class="code-block_filenameP__02nok">vitest.config.mts</span></div><div class="code-block_actions__yphRf"><div class="switcher_container__cVe_S"><div aria-hidden="true" class="switcher_visible__173Bo"><span>TypeScript</span><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="width:16px;height:16px;color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M14.0607 5.49999L13.5303 6.03032L8.7071 10.8535C8.31658 11.2441 7.68341 11.2441 7.29289 10.8535L2.46966 6.03032L1.93933 5.49999L2.99999 4.43933L3.53032 4.96966L7.99999 9.43933L12.4697 4.96966L13 4.43933L14.0607 5.49999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></div><select class="switcher_select__EKOIH"><option value="JavaScript">JavaScript</option><option value="TypeScript" selected="">TypeScript</option></select></div><button aria-label="Copy code" class="code-block_copyButton__uo5Yu" type="button"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.75 0.5C1.7835 0.5 1 1.2835 1 2.25V9.75C1 10.7165 1.7835 11.5 2.75 11.5H3.75H4.5V10H3.75H2.75C2.61193 10 2.5 9.88807 2.5 9.75V2.25C2.5 2.11193 2.61193 2 2.75 2H8.25C8.38807 2 8.5 2.11193 8.5 2.25V3H10V2.25C10 1.2835 9.2165 0.5 8.25 0.5H2.75ZM7.75 4.5C6.7835 4.5 6 5.2835 6 6.25V13.75C6 14.7165 6.7835 15.5 7.75 15.5H13.25C14.2165 15.5 15 14.7165 15 13.75V6.25C15 5.2835 14.2165 4.5 13.25 4.5H7.75ZM7.5 6.25C7.5 6.11193 7.61193 6 7.75 6H13.25C13.3881 6 13.5 6.11193 13.5 6.25V13.75C13.5 13.8881 13.3881 14 13.25 14H7.75C7.61193 14 7.5 13.8881 7.5 13.75V6.25Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M15.5607 3.99999L15.0303 4.53032L6.23744 13.3232C5.55403 14.0066 4.44599 14.0066 3.76257 13.3232L4.2929 12.7929L3.76257 13.3232L0.969676 10.5303L0.439346 9.99999L1.50001 8.93933L2.03034 9.46966L4.82323 12.2626C4.92086 12.3602 5.07915 12.3602 5.17678 12.2626L13.9697 3.46966L14.5 2.93933L15.5607 3.99999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></button></div></div><pre class="code-block_pre___OLfy"><code class="code-block_code__isn_V"><span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">import</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> { defineConfig } </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">from</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'vitest/config'</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">import</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> react </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">from</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'@vitejs/plugin-react'</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">import</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> tsconfigPaths </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">from</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'vite-tsconfig-paths'</span></span> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">export</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">default</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">defineConfig</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">({</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> plugins</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> [</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">tsconfigPaths</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">()</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">react</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">()]</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> test</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> environment</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'jsdom'</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> }</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">})</span></span></code></pre></div>  <p>For more information on configuring Vitest, please refer to the <a href="https://vitest.dev/config/#configuration" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank">Vitest Configuration<span class="inline-flex"><svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:14px;height:14px"><path d="M7 17L17 7"/><path d="M7 7h10v10"/></svg></span></a> docs.</p> <p>Then, add a <code>test</code> script to your <code>package.json</code>:</p> <div class="code-block_wrapper__t6FCO code-block_hasFileName__ezlBD not-prose" data-geist-code-block=""><div class="code-block_header__t3NRd"><div class="code-block_fileName__HmSv1"><div aria-hidden="true" class="code-block_iconWrapper__TuHFk"><svg clip-rule="evenodd" fill-rule="evenodd" height="16" viewBox="0 0 1321.45 1333.33" width="16"><path d="M221.37 618.44h757.94V405.15H755.14c-23.5 0-56.32-12.74-71.82-28.24-15.5-15.5-25-43.47-25-66.97V82.89H88.39c-1.99 0-3.49 1-4.49 2-1.5 1-2 2.5-2 4.5v1155.04c0 1.5 1 3.5 2 4.5 1 1.49 3 1.99 4.49 1.99H972.8c2 0 1.89-.99 2.89-1.99 1.5-1 3.61-3 3.61-4.5v-121.09H221.36c-44.96 0-82-36.9-82-81.99V700.44c0-45.1 36.9-82 82-82zm126.51 117.47h75.24v146.61c0 30.79-2.44 54.23-7.33 70.31-4.92 16.03-14.8 29.67-29.65 40.85-14.86 11.12-33.91 16.72-57.05 16.72-24.53 0-43.51-3.71-56.94-11.06-13.5-7.36-23.89-18.1-31.23-32.3-7.35-14.14-11.69-31.67-12.99-52.53l71.5-10.81c.11 11.81 1.07 20.61 2.81 26.33 1.76 5.78 4.75 10.37 9 13.95 2.87 2.33 6.94 3.46 12.25 3.46 8.4 0 14.58-3.46 18.53-10.37 3.9-6.92 5.87-18.6 5.87-35V735.92zm112.77 180.67l71.17-4.97c1.54 12.81 4.69 22.62 9.44 29.28 7.74 10.88 18.74 16.34 33.09 16.34 10.68 0 18.93-2.76 24.68-8.36 5.81-5.58 8.7-12.07 8.7-19.41 0-6.97-2.71-13.26-8.2-18.79-5.47-5.53-18.23-10.68-38.28-15.65-32.89-8.17-56.27-19.1-70.26-32.74-14.12-13.57-21.18-30.92-21.18-52.03 0-13.83 3.61-26.89 10.85-39.21 7.22-12.38 18.07-22.06 32.59-29.09 14.52-7.04 34.4-10.56 59.65-10.56 31 0 54.62 6.41 70.88 19.29 16.28 12.81 25.92 33.24 29.04 61.27l-70.5 4.65c-1.87-12.25-5.81-21.17-11.81-26.7-6.05-5.6-14.35-8.36-24.9-8.36-8.71 0-15.31 2.07-19.73 6.16-4.4 4.09-6.59 9.12-6.59 15.02 0 4.27 1.81 8.11 5.37 11.57 3.45 3.59 11.8 6.85 25.02 9.93 32.75 7.86 56.2 15.84 70.31 23.87 14.18 8.05 24.52 17.98 30.96 29.92 6.44 11.88 9.66 25.2 9.66 39.96 0 17.29-4.3 33.24-12.88 47.89-8.63 14.58-20.61 25.7-36.08 33.24-15.41 7.54-34.85 11.31-58.33 11.31-41.24 0-69.81-8.86-85.68-26.52-15.88-17.65-24.85-40.09-26.96-67.3zm248.74-45.5c0-44.05 11.02-78.36 33.09-102.87 22.09-24.57 52.82-36.82 92.24-36.82 40.38 0 71.5 12.07 93.34 36.13 21.86 24.13 32.77 57.94 32.77 101.37 0 31.54-4.75 57.36-14.3 77.54-9.54 20.18-23.37 35.89-41.4 47.13-18.07 11.24-40.55 16.84-67.48 16.84-27.33 0-49.99-4.83-67.94-14.52-17.92-9.74-32.49-25.07-43.62-46.06-11.13-20.92-16.72-47.19-16.72-78.74zm74.89.19c0 27.21 4.57 46.81 13.68 58.68 9.13 11.88 21.57 17.85 37.26 17.85 16.1 0 28.65-5.84 37.45-17.47 8.87-11.68 13.28-32.54 13.28-62.77 0-25.39-4.63-43.92-13.84-55.61-9.26-11.76-21.75-17.6-37.56-17.6-15.13 0-27.34 5.97-36.49 17.85-9.21 11.88-13.78 31.61-13.78 59.07zm209.08-135.36h69.99l90.98 149.05V735.91h70.83v269.96h-70.83l-90.48-148.24v148.24h-70.49V735.91zm67.71-117.47h178.37c45.1 0 82 37.04 82 82v340.91c0 44.96-37.03 81.99-82 81.99h-178.37v147c0 17.5-6.99 32.99-18.5 44.5-11.5 11.49-27 18.5-44.5 18.5H62.97c-17.5 0-32.99-7-44.5-18.5-11.49-11.5-18.5-27-18.5-44.5V63.49c0-17.5 7-33 18.5-44.5S45.97.49 62.97.49H700.1c1.5-.5 3-.5 4.5-.5 7 0 14 3 19 7.49h1c1 .5 1.5 1 2.5 2l325.46 329.47c5.5 5.5 9.5 13 9.5 21.5 0 2.5-.5 4.5-1 7v250.98zM732.61 303.47V96.99l232.48 235.47H761.6c-7.99 0-14.99-3.5-20.5-8.49-4.99-5-8.49-12.5-8.49-20.5z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div><span class="code-block_filenameP__02nok">package.json</span></div><div class="code-block_actions__yphRf"><button aria-label="Copy code" class="code-block_copyButton__uo5Yu" type="button"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.75 0.5C1.7835 0.5 1 1.2835 1 2.25V9.75C1 10.7165 1.7835 11.5 2.75 11.5H3.75H4.5V10H3.75H2.75C2.61193 10 2.5 9.88807 2.5 9.75V2.25C2.5 2.11193 2.61193 2 2.75 2H8.25C8.38807 2 8.5 2.11193 8.5 2.25V3H10V2.25C10 1.2835 9.2165 0.5 8.25 0.5H2.75ZM7.75 4.5C6.7835 4.5 6 5.2835 6 6.25V13.75C6 14.7165 6.7835 15.5 7.75 15.5H13.25C14.2165 15.5 15 14.7165 15 13.75V6.25C15 5.2835 14.2165 4.5 13.25 4.5H7.75ZM7.5 6.25C7.5 6.11193 7.61193 6 7.75 6H13.25C13.3881 6 13.5 6.11193 13.5 6.25V13.75C13.5 13.8881 13.3881 14 13.25 14H7.75C7.61193 14 7.5 13.8881 7.5 13.75V6.25Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M15.5607 3.99999L15.0303 4.53032L6.23744 13.3232C5.55403 14.0066 4.44599 14.0066 3.76257 13.3232L4.2929 12.7929L3.76257 13.3232L0.969676 10.5303L0.439346 9.99999L1.50001 8.93933L2.03034 9.46966L4.82323 12.2626C4.92086 12.3602 5.07915 12.3602 5.17678 12.2626L13.9697 3.46966L14.5 2.93933L15.5607 3.99999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></button></div></div><pre class="code-block_pre___OLfy"><code class="code-block_code__isn_V"><span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">{</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">"scripts"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">"dev"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">"next dev"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">"build"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">"next build"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">"start"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">"next start"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">"test"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">"vitest"</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> }</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">}</span></span></code></pre></div> <p>When you run <code>npm run test</code>, Vitest will <strong>watch</strong> for changes in your project by default.</p> <h2 id="creating-your-first-vitest-unit-test" data-docs-heading=""><a href="#creating-your-first-vitest-unit-test">Creating your first Vitest Unit Test<span><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" height="0.7em" width="0.7em"> <g stroke-width="1.2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M8.995,7.005 L8.995,7.005c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975l-1.99,1.99c-1.374,1.374-3.601,1.374-4.975,0l0,0c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975 l1.748-1.698"></path> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M7.005,8.995 L7.005,8.995c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975l1.99-1.99c1.374-1.374,3.601-1.374,4.975,0l0,0c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975 l-1.748,1.698"></path> </g> </svg></span></a></h2> <p>Check that everything is working by creating a test to check if the <code><Page /></code> component successfully renders a heading:</p> <div class="code-block_wrapper__t6FCO code-block_hasFileName__ezlBD not-prose" data-geist-code-block=""><div class="code-block_header__t3NRd"><div class="code-block_fileName__HmSv1"><div aria-hidden="true" class="code-block_iconWrapper__TuHFk"><svg fill="none" height="14" viewBox="0 0 512 512" width="14" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect fill="currentColor" height="512" rx="50" width="512"></rect><rect fill="currentColor" height="512" rx="50" width="512"></rect><path clip-rule="evenodd" d="m316.939 407.424v50.061c8.138 4.172 17.763 7.3 28.875 9.386s22.823 3.129 35.135 3.129c11.999 0 23.397-1.147 34.196-3.442 10.799-2.294 20.268-6.075 28.406-11.342 8.138-5.266 14.581-12.15 19.328-20.65s7.121-19.007 7.121-31.522c0-9.074-1.356-17.026-4.069-23.857s-6.625-12.906-11.738-18.225c-5.112-5.319-11.242-10.091-18.389-14.315s-15.207-8.213-24.18-11.967c-6.573-2.712-12.468-5.345-17.685-7.9-5.217-2.556-9.651-5.163-13.303-7.822-3.652-2.66-6.469-5.476-8.451-8.448-1.982-2.973-2.974-6.336-2.974-10.091 0-3.441.887-6.544 2.661-9.308s4.278-5.136 7.512-7.118c3.235-1.981 7.199-3.52 11.894-4.615 4.696-1.095 9.912-1.642 15.651-1.642 4.173 0 8.581.313 13.224.938 4.643.626 9.312 1.591 14.008 2.894 4.695 1.304 9.259 2.947 13.694 4.928 4.434 1.982 8.529 4.276 12.285 6.884v-46.776c-7.616-2.92-15.937-5.084-24.962-6.492s-19.381-2.112-31.066-2.112c-11.895 0-23.163 1.278-33.805 3.833s-20.006 6.544-28.093 11.967c-8.086 5.424-14.476 12.333-19.171 20.729-4.695 8.395-7.043 18.433-7.043 30.114 0 14.914 4.304 27.638 12.912 38.172 8.607 10.533 21.675 19.45 39.204 26.751 6.886 2.816 13.303 5.579 19.25 8.291s11.086 5.528 15.415 8.448c4.33 2.92 7.747 6.101 10.252 9.543 2.504 3.441 3.756 7.352 3.756 11.733 0 3.233-.783 6.231-2.348 8.995s-3.939 5.162-7.121 7.196-7.147 3.624-11.894 4.771c-4.748 1.148-10.303 1.721-16.668 1.721-10.851 0-21.597-1.903-32.24-5.71-10.642-3.806-20.502-9.516-29.579-17.13zm-84.159-123.342h64.22v-41.082h-179v41.082h63.906v182.918h50.874z" fill="var(--ds-background-100)" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div><span class="code-block_filenameP__02nok">app/page.tsx</span></div><div class="code-block_actions__yphRf"><div class="switcher_container__cVe_S"><div aria-hidden="true" class="switcher_visible__173Bo"><span>TypeScript</span><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="width:16px;height:16px;color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M14.0607 5.49999L13.5303 6.03032L8.7071 10.8535C8.31658 11.2441 7.68341 11.2441 7.29289 10.8535L2.46966 6.03032L1.93933 5.49999L2.99999 4.43933L3.53032 4.96966L7.99999 9.43933L12.4697 4.96966L13 4.43933L14.0607 5.49999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></div><select class="switcher_select__EKOIH"><option value="JavaScript">JavaScript</option><option value="TypeScript" selected="">TypeScript</option></select></div><button aria-label="Copy code" class="code-block_copyButton__uo5Yu" type="button"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.75 0.5C1.7835 0.5 1 1.2835 1 2.25V9.75C1 10.7165 1.7835 11.5 2.75 11.5H3.75H4.5V10H3.75H2.75C2.61193 10 2.5 9.88807 2.5 9.75V2.25C2.5 2.11193 2.61193 2 2.75 2H8.25C8.38807 2 8.5 2.11193 8.5 2.25V3H10V2.25C10 1.2835 9.2165 0.5 8.25 0.5H2.75ZM7.75 4.5C6.7835 4.5 6 5.2835 6 6.25V13.75C6 14.7165 6.7835 15.5 7.75 15.5H13.25C14.2165 15.5 15 14.7165 15 13.75V6.25C15 5.2835 14.2165 4.5 13.25 4.5H7.75ZM7.5 6.25C7.5 6.11193 7.61193 6 7.75 6H13.25C13.3881 6 13.5 6.11193 13.5 6.25V13.75C13.5 13.8881 13.3881 14 13.25 14H7.75C7.61193 14 7.5 13.8881 7.5 13.75V6.25Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M15.5607 3.99999L15.0303 4.53032L6.23744 13.3232C5.55403 14.0066 4.44599 14.0066 3.76257 13.3232L4.2929 12.7929L3.76257 13.3232L0.969676 10.5303L0.439346 9.99999L1.50001 8.93933L2.03034 9.46966L4.82323 12.2626C4.92086 12.3602 5.07915 12.3602 5.17678 12.2626L13.9697 3.46966L14.5 2.93933L15.5607 3.99999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></button></div></div><pre class="code-block_pre___OLfy"><code class="code-block_code__isn_V"><span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">import</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> Link </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">from</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'next/link'</span></span> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">export</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">default</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">function</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">Page</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">() {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">return</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> (</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> <</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">div</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">></span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> <</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">h1</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">>Home</</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">h1</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">></span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> <</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant)">Link</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">href</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">=</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">"/about"</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">>About</</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant)">Link</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">></span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">div</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">></span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> )</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">}</span></span></code></pre></div><div class="code-block_wrapper__t6FCO code-block_hasFileName__ezlBD not-prose" data-geist-code-block=""><div class="code-block_header__t3NRd"><div class="code-block_fileName__HmSv1"><div aria-hidden="true" class="code-block_iconWrapper__TuHFk"><svg fill="none" height="14" viewBox="0 0 512 512" width="14" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><rect fill="currentColor" height="512" rx="50" width="512"></rect><rect fill="currentColor" height="512" rx="50" width="512"></rect><path clip-rule="evenodd" d="m316.939 407.424v50.061c8.138 4.172 17.763 7.3 28.875 9.386s22.823 3.129 35.135 3.129c11.999 0 23.397-1.147 34.196-3.442 10.799-2.294 20.268-6.075 28.406-11.342 8.138-5.266 14.581-12.15 19.328-20.65s7.121-19.007 7.121-31.522c0-9.074-1.356-17.026-4.069-23.857s-6.625-12.906-11.738-18.225c-5.112-5.319-11.242-10.091-18.389-14.315s-15.207-8.213-24.18-11.967c-6.573-2.712-12.468-5.345-17.685-7.9-5.217-2.556-9.651-5.163-13.303-7.822-3.652-2.66-6.469-5.476-8.451-8.448-1.982-2.973-2.974-6.336-2.974-10.091 0-3.441.887-6.544 2.661-9.308s4.278-5.136 7.512-7.118c3.235-1.981 7.199-3.52 11.894-4.615 4.696-1.095 9.912-1.642 15.651-1.642 4.173 0 8.581.313 13.224.938 4.643.626 9.312 1.591 14.008 2.894 4.695 1.304 9.259 2.947 13.694 4.928 4.434 1.982 8.529 4.276 12.285 6.884v-46.776c-7.616-2.92-15.937-5.084-24.962-6.492s-19.381-2.112-31.066-2.112c-11.895 0-23.163 1.278-33.805 3.833s-20.006 6.544-28.093 11.967c-8.086 5.424-14.476 12.333-19.171 20.729-4.695 8.395-7.043 18.433-7.043 30.114 0 14.914 4.304 27.638 12.912 38.172 8.607 10.533 21.675 19.45 39.204 26.751 6.886 2.816 13.303 5.579 19.25 8.291s11.086 5.528 15.415 8.448c4.33 2.92 7.747 6.101 10.252 9.543 2.504 3.441 3.756 7.352 3.756 11.733 0 3.233-.783 6.231-2.348 8.995s-3.939 5.162-7.121 7.196-7.147 3.624-11.894 4.771c-4.748 1.148-10.303 1.721-16.668 1.721-10.851 0-21.597-1.903-32.24-5.71-10.642-3.806-20.502-9.516-29.579-17.13zm-84.159-123.342h64.22v-41.082h-179v41.082h63.906v182.918h50.874z" fill="var(--ds-background-100)" fill-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div><span class="code-block_filenameP__02nok">__tests__/page.test.tsx</span></div><div class="code-block_actions__yphRf"><div class="switcher_container__cVe_S"><div aria-hidden="true" class="switcher_visible__173Bo"><span>TypeScript</span><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="width:16px;height:16px;color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M14.0607 5.49999L13.5303 6.03032L8.7071 10.8535C8.31658 11.2441 7.68341 11.2441 7.29289 10.8535L2.46966 6.03032L1.93933 5.49999L2.99999 4.43933L3.53032 4.96966L7.99999 9.43933L12.4697 4.96966L13 4.43933L14.0607 5.49999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></div><select class="switcher_select__EKOIH"><option value="JavaScript">JavaScript</option><option value="TypeScript" selected="">TypeScript</option></select></div><button aria-label="Copy code" class="code-block_copyButton__uo5Yu" type="button"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.75 0.5C1.7835 0.5 1 1.2835 1 2.25V9.75C1 10.7165 1.7835 11.5 2.75 11.5H3.75H4.5V10H3.75H2.75C2.61193 10 2.5 9.88807 2.5 9.75V2.25C2.5 2.11193 2.61193 2 2.75 2H8.25C8.38807 2 8.5 2.11193 8.5 2.25V3H10V2.25C10 1.2835 9.2165 0.5 8.25 0.5H2.75ZM7.75 4.5C6.7835 4.5 6 5.2835 6 6.25V13.75C6 14.7165 6.7835 15.5 7.75 15.5H13.25C14.2165 15.5 15 14.7165 15 13.75V6.25C15 5.2835 14.2165 4.5 13.25 4.5H7.75ZM7.5 6.25C7.5 6.11193 7.61193 6 7.75 6H13.25C13.3881 6 13.5 6.11193 13.5 6.25V13.75C13.5 13.8881 13.3881 14 13.25 14H7.75C7.61193 14 7.5 13.8881 7.5 13.75V6.25Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M15.5607 3.99999L15.0303 4.53032L6.23744 13.3232C5.55403 14.0066 4.44599 14.0066 3.76257 13.3232L4.2929 12.7929L3.76257 13.3232L0.969676 10.5303L0.439346 9.99999L1.50001 8.93933L2.03034 9.46966L4.82323 12.2626C4.92086 12.3602 5.07915 12.3602 5.17678 12.2626L13.9697 3.46966L14.5 2.93933L15.5607 3.99999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></button></div></div><pre class="code-block_pre___OLfy"><code class="code-block_code__isn_V"><span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">import</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> { expect</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> test } </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">from</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'vitest'</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">import</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> { render</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> screen } </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">from</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'@testing-library/react'</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">import</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> Page </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">from</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'../app/page'</span></span> <span class="line"> </span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">test</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">(</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'Page'</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> () </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">=></span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">render</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">(<</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant)">Page</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> />)</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">expect</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">(</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant)">screen</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">.getByRole</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">(</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'heading'</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> { level</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-constant)">1</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-punctuation)">,</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> name</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-keyword)">:</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string-expression)">'Home'</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> }))</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-function)">.toBeDefined</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">()</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">})</span></span></code></pre></div><blockquote class="p-3 text-sm"> <p><strong>Good to know</strong>: The example above uses the common <code>__tests__</code> convention, but test files can also be colocated inside the <code>app</code> router.</p> </blockquote>  <h2 id="running-your-tests" data-docs-heading=""><a href="#running-your-tests">Running your tests<span><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" height="0.7em" width="0.7em"> <g stroke-width="1.2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M8.995,7.005 L8.995,7.005c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975l-1.99,1.99c-1.374,1.374-3.601,1.374-4.975,0l0,0c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975 l1.748-1.698"></path> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M7.005,8.995 L7.005,8.995c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975l1.99-1.99c1.374-1.374,3.601-1.374,4.975,0l0,0c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975 l-1.748,1.698"></path> </g> </svg></span></a></h2> <p>Then, run the following command to run your tests:</p> <div class="code-block_wrapper__t6FCO code-block_hasFileName__ezlBD not-prose" data-geist-code-block=""><div class="code-block_header__t3NRd"><div class="code-block_fileName__HmSv1"><div aria-hidden="true" class="code-block_iconWrapper__TuHFk"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="width:16px;height:16px;color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M1.53035 12.7804L1.00002 13.3108L-0.0606384 12.2501L0.469692 11.7198L4.18936 8.00011L0.469692 4.28044L-0.0606384 3.75011L1.00002 2.68945L1.53035 3.21978L5.60358 7.29301C5.9941 7.68353 5.9941 8.3167 5.60357 8.70722L1.53035 12.7804ZM8.75002 12.5001H8.00002V14.0001H8.75002H15.25H16V12.5001H15.25H8.75002Z" fill="currentColor" /></svg></div><span class="code-block_filenameP__02nok">Terminal</span></div><div class="code-block_actions__yphRf"><button aria-label="Copy code" class="code-block_copyButton__uo5Yu" type="button"><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M2.75 0.5C1.7835 0.5 1 1.2835 1 2.25V9.75C1 10.7165 1.7835 11.5 2.75 11.5H3.75H4.5V10H3.75H2.75C2.61193 10 2.5 9.88807 2.5 9.75V2.25C2.5 2.11193 2.61193 2 2.75 2H8.25C8.38807 2 8.5 2.11193 8.5 2.25V3H10V2.25C10 1.2835 9.2165 0.5 8.25 0.5H2.75ZM7.75 4.5C6.7835 4.5 6 5.2835 6 6.25V13.75C6 14.7165 6.7835 15.5 7.75 15.5H13.25C14.2165 15.5 15 14.7165 15 13.75V6.25C15 5.2835 14.2165 4.5 13.25 4.5H7.75ZM7.5 6.25C7.5 6.11193 7.61193 6 7.75 6H13.25C13.3881 6 13.5 6.11193 13.5 6.25V13.75C13.5 13.8881 13.3881 14 13.25 14H7.75C7.61193 14 7.5 13.8881 7.5 13.75V6.25Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg><svg data-testid="geist-icon" height="16" stroke-linejoin="round" style="color:currentColor" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M15.5607 3.99999L15.0303 4.53032L6.23744 13.3232C5.55403 14.0066 4.44599 14.0066 3.76257 13.3232L4.2929 12.7929L3.76257 13.3232L0.969676 10.5303L0.439346 9.99999L1.50001 8.93933L2.03034 9.46966L4.82323 12.2626C4.92086 12.3602 5.07915 12.3602 5.17678 12.2626L13.9697 3.46966L14.5 2.93933L15.5607 3.99999Z" fill="currentColor"/></svg></button></div></div><pre class="code-block_pre___OLfy"><code class="code-block_code__isn_V"><span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">npm </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">run</span><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)"> </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">test</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment)"># or</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">yarn </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">test</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment)"># or</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">pnpm </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">test</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-comment)"># or</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color:var(--shiki-color-text)">bun </span><span style="color:var(--shiki-token-string)">test</span></span></code></pre></div> <h2 id="additional-resources" data-docs-heading=""><a href="#additional-resources">Additional Resources<span><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" height="0.7em" width="0.7em"> <g stroke-width="1.2" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M8.995,7.005 L8.995,7.005c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975l-1.99,1.99c-1.374,1.374-3.601,1.374-4.975,0l0,0c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975 l1.748-1.698"></path> <path fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" d="M7.005,8.995 L7.005,8.995c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975l1.99-1.99c1.374-1.374,3.601-1.374,4.975,0l0,0c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975 l-1.748,1.698"></path> </g> </svg></span></a></h2> <p>You may find these resources helpful:</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples/with-vitest" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Next.js with Vitest example<span class="inline-flex"><svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:14px;height:14px"><path d="M7 17L17 7"/><path d="M7 7h10v10"/></svg></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://vitest.dev/guide/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank">Vitest Docs<span class="inline-flex"><svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:14px;height:14px"><path d="M7 17L17 7"/><path d="M7 7h10v10"/></svg></span></a></li> <li><a href="https://testing-library.com/docs/react-testing-library/intro/" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" target="_blank">React Testing Library Docs<span class="inline-flex"><svg class="with-icon_icon__MHUeb" data-testid="geist-icon" fill="none" height="24" shape-rendering="geometricPrecision" stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="1.5" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" style="color:currentColor;width:14px;height:14px"><path d="M7 17L17 7"/><path d="M7 7h10v10"/></svg></span></a></li> </ul></div><nav aria-label="pagination" class="pagination_pagination__aeiwF my-12 border-t border-gray-200 pt-8"><a aria-label="Go to previous page: Testing" 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segments.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route-segment-config\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"template.js\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the template.js file.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/template\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Metadata Files\",\"description\":\"API documentation for the metadata file conventions.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"favicon, icon, and apple-icon\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Favicon, Icon and Apple Icon file conventions.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/app-icons\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"manifest.json\",\"description\":\"API Reference for manifest.json file.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/manifest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"opengraph-image and twitter-image\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Open Graph Image and Twitter Image file conventions.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/opengraph-image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"robots.txt\",\"description\":\"API Reference for robots.txt file.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/robots\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"sitemap.xml\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the sitemap.xml file.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/sitemap\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Functions and Hooks.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"cookies\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the cookies function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/cookies\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"draftMode\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the draftMode function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"fetch\",\"description\":\"API reference for the extended fetch function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/fetch\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateImageMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to generate multiple images in a single Metadata API special file.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/generate-image-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to add Metadata to your Next.js application for improved search engine optimization (SEO) and web shareability.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateStaticParams\",\"description\":\"API reference for the generateStaticParams function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/generate-static-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"API reference for the headers function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ImageResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the ImageResponse constructor.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/image-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextRequest\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextRequest.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/next-request\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextResponse.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/next-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"notFound\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the notFound function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/not-found\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"permanentRedirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the permanentRedirect function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/permanentRedirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"redirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the redirect function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/redirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidatePath\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidatePath function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidateTag\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidateTag function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Server Actions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Server Actions.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/server-actions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useParams hook.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/use-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"usePathname\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the usePathname hook.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/use-pathname\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useReportWebVitals\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useReportWebVitals function.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/use-report-web-vitals\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useRouter\",\"description\":\"API reference for the useRouter hook.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/use-router\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSearchParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSearchParams hook.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/use-search-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegment\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegment hook.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segment\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegments\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegments hook.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segments\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"next.config.js Options\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your application with next.config.js.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"appDir\",\"description\":\"Enable the App Router to use layouts, streaming, and more.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/appDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"assetPrefix\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the assetPrefix config option to configure your CDN.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/assetPrefix\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"basePath\",\"description\":\"Use `basePath` to deploy a Next.js application under a sub-path of a domain.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/basePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"compress\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides gzip compression to compress rendered content and static files, it only works with the server target. Learn more about it here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/compress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"devIndicators\",\"description\":\"Optimized pages include an indicator to let you know if it's being statically optimized. You can opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/devIndicators\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"distDir\",\"description\":\"Set a custom build directory to use instead of the default .next directory.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/distDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"env\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application at build time.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/env\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"eslint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. Learn how to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/eslint\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"exportPathMap\",\"description\":\"Customize the pages that will be exported as HTML files when using `next export`.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/exportPathMap\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateBuildId\",\"description\":\"Configure the build id, which is used to identify the current build in which your application is being served.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/generateBuildId\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateEtags\",\"description\":\"Next.js will generate etags for every page by default. Learn more about how to disable etag generation here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/generateEtags\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"Add custom HTTP headers to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"httpAgentOptions\",\"description\":\"Next.js will automatically use HTTP Keep-Alive by default. Learn more about how to disable HTTP Keep-Alive here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/httpAgentOptions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"images\",\"description\":\"Custom configuration for the next/image loader\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"incrementalCacheHandlerPath\",\"description\":\"Configure the Next.js cache used for storing and revalidating data.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"mdxRs\",\"description\":\"Use the new Rust compiler to compile MDX files in the App Router.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/mdxRs\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"onDemandEntries\",\"description\":\"Configure how Next.js will dispose and keep in memory pages created in development.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/onDemandEntries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"optimizePackageImports\",\"description\":\"API Reference for optmizedPackageImports Next.js Config Option\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/optimizePackageImports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"output\",\"description\":\"Next.js automatically traces which files are needed by each page to allow for easy deployment of your application. Learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/output\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"pageExtensions\",\"description\":\"Extend the default page extensions used by Next.js when resolving pages in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/pageExtensions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"poweredByHeader\",\"description\":\"Next.js will add the `x-powered-by` header by default. 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Learn to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/typescript\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"urlImports\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js to allow importing modules from external URLs (experimental).\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/urlImports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webpack\",\"description\":\"Learn how to customize the webpack config used by Next.js\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/webpack\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webVitalsAttribution\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the webVitalsAttribution option to pinpoint the source of Web Vitals issues.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-config-js/webVitalsAttribution\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"create-next-app\",\"description\":\"Create Next.js apps in one command with create-next-app.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/create-next-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Edge Runtime\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Edge Runtime.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/edge\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Next.js CLI\",\"description\":\"The Next.js CLI allows you to start, build, and export your application. Learn more about it here.\",\"path\":\"13/app/api-reference/next-cli\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Building Your Application\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Next.js features to build your application.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Routing\",\"description\":\"Learn the fundamentals of routing for front-end applications with the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/routing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Pages and Layouts\",\"description\":\"Create your first page and shared layout with the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/routing/pages-and-layouts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Dynamic Routes\",\"description\":\"Dynamic Routes are pages that allow you to add custom params to your URLs. 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You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/static-assets\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Lazy Loading\",\"description\":\"Lazy load imported libraries and React Components to improve your application's loading performance.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/lazy-loading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Analytics\",\"description\":\"Measure and track page performance using Next.js Speed Insights\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/analytics\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"OpenTelemetry\",\"description\":\"Learn how to instrument your Next.js app with OpenTelemetry.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/open-telemetry\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Instrumentation\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use instrumentation to run code at server startup in your Next.js app\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Testing\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with three commonly used testing tools — Cypress, Playwright, Jest, and React Testing Library.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/testing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Configuring\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/configuring\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"TypeScript\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides a TypeScript-first development experience for building your React application.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/configuring/typescript\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ESLint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. 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You can learn how it works with Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/configuring/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Error Handling\",\"description\":\"Handle errors in your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/configuring/error-handling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Debugging\",\"description\":\"Learn how to debug your Next.js application with VS Code or Chrome DevTools.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/configuring/debugging\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Preview Mode\",\"description\":\"Next.js has the preview mode for statically generated pages. You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/configuring/preview-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Content Security Policy\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set a Content Security Policy (CSP) for your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/configuring/content-security-policy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Deploying\",\"description\":\"Learn how to deploy your Next.js app to production, either managed or self-hosted.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/deploying\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Going to Production\",\"description\":\"Before taking your Next.js application to production, here are some recommendations to ensure the best user experience.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Exports\",\"description\":\"Next.js enables starting as a static site or Single-Page Application (SPA), then later optionally upgrading to use features that require a server.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Multi Zones\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use multi zones to deploy multiple Next.js apps as a single app.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Continuous Integration (CI) Build Caching\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure CI to cache Next.js builds\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/deploying/ci-build-caching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Upgrading\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade to the latest versions of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Codemods\",\"description\":\"Use codemods to upgrade your Next.js codebase when new features are released.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"From Pages to App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade your existing Next.js application from the Pages Router to the App Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 13\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 12 to 13.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-13\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 12\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 11 to Version 12.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-12\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 11\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 10 to Version 11.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-11\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 10\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 9 to Version 10.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-10\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 9\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 8 to Version 9.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-9\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"API Reference\",\"description\":\"Next.js API Reference for the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Components\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js built-in components in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Font\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Font Module\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/components/font\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cHead\u003e\",\"description\":\"Add custom elements to the `head` of your page with the built-in Head component.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/components/head\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize Images in your Next.js Application using the built-in `next/image` Component.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/components/image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e (Legacy)\",\"description\":\"Backwards compatible Image Optimization with the Legacy Image component.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/components/image-legacy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cLink\u003e\",\"description\":\"API reference for the \u003cLink\u003e component.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/components/link\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cScript\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize third-party scripts in your Next.js application using the built-in `next/script` Component.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/components/script\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Functions and Hooks in Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"getInitialProps\",\"description\":\"Fetch dynamic data on the server for your React component with getInitialProps.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/functions/get-initial-props\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"getServerSideProps\",\"description\":\"API reference for `getServerSideProps`. 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Learn more about it here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/compress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"devIndicators\",\"description\":\"Optimized pages include an indicator to let you know if it's being statically optimized. You can opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/devIndicators\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"distDir\",\"description\":\"Set a custom build directory to use instead of the default .next directory.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/distDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"env\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application at build time.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/env\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"eslint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. 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Learn more about how to disable etag generation here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/generateEtags\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"Add custom HTTP headers to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"httpAgentOptions\",\"description\":\"Next.js will automatically use HTTP Keep-Alive by default. Learn more about how to disable HTTP Keep-Alive here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/httpAgentOptions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"images\",\"description\":\"Custom configuration for the next/image loader\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"onDemandEntries\",\"description\":\"Configure how Next.js will dispose and keep in memory pages created in development.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/onDemandEntries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"output\",\"description\":\"Next.js automatically traces which files are needed by each page to allow for easy deployment of your application. Learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/output\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"pageExtensions\",\"description\":\"Extend the default page extensions used by Next.js when resolving pages in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/pageExtensions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"poweredByHeader\",\"description\":\"Next.js will add the `x-powered-by` header by default. 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Learn to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/typescript\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"urlImports\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js to allow importing modules from external URLs (experimental).\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/urlImports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webpack\",\"description\":\"Learn how to customize the webpack config used by Next.js\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/webpack\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webVitalsAttribution\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the webVitalsAttribution option to pinpoint the source of Web Vitals issues.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-config-js/webVitalsAttribution\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"create-next-app\",\"description\":\"create-next-app\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/create-next-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Next.js CLI\",\"description\":\"Next.js CLI\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/next-cli\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Edge Runtime\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Edge Runtime.\",\"path\":\"13/pages/api-reference/edge\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Architecture\",\"description\":\"How Next.js Works\",\"path\":\"13/architecture\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Accessibility\",\"description\":\"The built-in accessibility features of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"13/architecture/accessibility\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Fast Refresh\",\"description\":\"Fast Refresh is a hot module reloading experience that gives you instantaneous feedback on edits made to your React components.\",\"path\":\"13/architecture/fast-refresh\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Next.js Compiler\",\"description\":\"Next.js Compiler, written in Rust, which transforms and minifies your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"13/architecture/nextjs-compiler\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Supported Browsers\",\"description\":\"Browser support and which JavaScript features are supported by Next.js.\",\"path\":\"13/architecture/supported-browsers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Turbopack\",\"description\":\"Turbopack is an incremental bundler optimized for JavaScript and TypeScript, written in Rust, and built into Next.js.\",\"path\":\"13/architecture/turbopack\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Community\",\"description\":\"Get involved in the Next.js community.\",\"path\":\"13/community\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Contribution Guide\",\"description\":\"Learn how to contribute to Next.js Documentation\",\"path\":\"13/community/contribution-guide\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}],\"14\":[{\"title\":\"Getting Started\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create full-stack web applications with Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/getting-started\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Installation\",\"description\":\"Create a new Next.js application with `create-next-app`. Set up TypeScript, styles, and configure your `next.config.js` file.\",\"path\":\"14/getting-started/installation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Project Structure\",\"description\":\"A list of folders and files conventions in a Next.js project\",\"path\":\"14/getting-started/project-structure\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Building Your Application\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Next.js features to build your application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Routing\",\"description\":\"Learn the fundamentals of routing for front-end applications.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Defining Routes\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create your first route in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/defining-routes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Pages and Layouts\",\"description\":\"Create your first page and shared layout with the App Router.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/pages-and-layouts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Linking and Navigating\",\"description\":\"Learn how navigation works in Next.js, and how to use the Link Component and `useRouter` hook.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/linking-and-navigating\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Loading UI and Streaming\",\"description\":\"Built on top of Suspense, Loading UI allows you to create a fallback for specific route segments, and automatically stream content as it becomes ready.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/loading-ui-and-streaming\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Error Handling\",\"description\":\"Handle runtime errors by automatically wrapping route segments and their nested children in a React Error Boundary.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/error-handling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Redirecting\",\"description\":\"Learn the different ways to handle redirects in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/redirecting\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Route Groups\",\"description\":\"Route Groups can be used to partition your Next.js application into different sections.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/route-groups\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Project Organization\",\"description\":\"Learn how to organize your Next.js project and colocate files.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/colocation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Dynamic Routes\",\"description\":\"Dynamic Routes can be used to programmatically generate route segments from dynamic data.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/dynamic-routes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Parallel Routes\",\"description\":\"Simultaneously render one or more pages in the same view that can be navigated independently. 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completed.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Internationalization\",\"description\":\"Add support for multiple languages with internationalized routing and localized content.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/routing/internationalization\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Data Fetching\",\"description\":\"Learn how to fetch, cache, revalidate, and mutate data with Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/data-fetching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Fetching, Caching, and Revalidating\",\"description\":\"Learn how to fetch, cache, and revalidate data in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/data-fetching/fetching-caching-and-revalidating\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Server Actions and Mutations\",\"description\":\"Learn how to handle form submissions and data 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to render parts of your application on the client.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/rendering/client-components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Composition Patterns\",\"description\":\"Recommended patterns for using Server and Client Components.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/rendering/composition-patterns\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Edge and Node.js Runtimes\",\"description\":\"Learn about the switchable runtimes (Edge and Node.js) in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/rendering/edge-and-nodejs-runtimes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Caching\",\"description\":\"An overview of caching mechanisms in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/caching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Styling\",\"description\":\"Learn the different ways you can style your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/styling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"CSS Modules\",\"description\":\"Style your Next.js Application with CSS Modules, Global Styles, and external stylesheets.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/styling/css-modules\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Tailwind CSS\",\"description\":\"Style your Next.js Application using Tailwind CSS.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/styling/tailwind-css\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"CSS-in-JS\",\"description\":\"Use CSS-in-JS libraries with Next.js\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/styling/css-in-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Sass\",\"description\":\"Style your Next.js application using Sass.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/styling/sass\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Optimizing\",\"description\":\"Optimize your Next.js application for best performance and user experience.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Images\",\"description\":\"Optimize your images with the built-in `next/image` component.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Videos\",\"description\":\"Recommendations and best practices for optimizing videos in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/videos\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Fonts\",\"description\":\"Optimize your application's web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/fonts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Metadata\",\"description\":\"Use the Metadata API to define metadata in any layout or page.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Scripts\",\"description\":\"Optimize 3rd party scripts with the built-in Script component.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/scripts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Bundle Analyzer\",\"description\":\"Analyze the size of your JavaScript bundles using the @next/bundle-analyzer plugin.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/bundle-analyzer\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Lazy Loading\",\"description\":\"Lazy load imported libraries and React Components to improve your application's loading performance.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/lazy-loading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Analytics\",\"description\":\"Measure and track page performance using Next.js Speed Insights\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/analytics\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Instrumentation\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use instrumentation to run code at server startup in your Next.js app\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"OpenTelemetry\",\"description\":\"Learn how to instrument your Next.js app with OpenTelemetry.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/open-telemetry\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Assets\",\"description\":\"Next.js allows you to serve static files, like images, in the public directory. You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/static-assets\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Third Party Libraries\",\"description\":\"Optimize the performance of third-party libraries in your application with the `@next/third-parties` package.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/third-party-libraries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Memory Usage\",\"description\":\"Optimize memory used by your application in development and production.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/optimizing/memory-usage\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Configuring\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"TypeScript\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides a TypeScript-first development experience for building your React application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/typescript\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ESLint\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides an integrated ESLint experience by default. These conformance rules help you use Next.js in an optimal way.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/eslint\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Environment Variables\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/environment-variables\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Absolute Imports and Module Path Aliases\",\"description\":\"Configure module path aliases that allow you to remap certain import paths.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/absolute-imports-and-module-aliases\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"MDX\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure MDX and use it in your Next.js apps.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/mdx\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"src Directory\",\"description\":\"Save pages under the `src` directory as an alternative to the root `pages` directory.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/src-directory\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Draft Mode\",\"description\":\"Next.js has draft mode to toggle between static and dynamic pages. You can learn how it works with App Router here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Content Security Policy\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set a Content Security Policy (CSP) for your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/configuring/content-security-policy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Testing\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with four commonly used testing tools — Cypress, Playwright, Vitest, and Jest.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/testing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Vitest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Vitest with Next.js for Unit Testing.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/testing/vitest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Jest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Jest with Next.js for Unit Testing and Snapshot Testing.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/testing/jest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Playwright\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Playwright with Next.js for End-to-End (E2E) testing.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/testing/playwright\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Cypress\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Cypress with Next.js for End-to-End (E2E) and Component Testing.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/testing/cypress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Authentication\",\"description\":\"Learn how to implement authentication in Next.js, covering best practices, securing routes, authorization techniques, and session management.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/authentication\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Deploying\",\"description\":\"Learn how to deploy your Next.js app to production, either managed or self-hosted.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/deploying\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Production Checklist\",\"description\":\"Recommendations to ensure the best performance and user experience before taking your Next.js application to production.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Exports\",\"description\":\"Next.js enables starting as a static site or Single-Page Application (SPA), then later optionally upgrading to use features that require a server.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Multi-Zones\",\"description\":\"Learn how to build micro-frontends using Next.js Multi-Zones to deploy multiple Next.js apps under a single domain.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Upgrading\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade to the latest versions of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/upgrading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Codemods\",\"description\":\"Use codemods to upgrade your Next.js codebase when new features are released.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"App Router Migration\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade your existing Next.js application from the Pages Router to the App Router.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 14\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 13 to 14.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/upgrading/version-14\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Vite\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Vite to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-vite\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Create React App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Create React App to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-create-react-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"API Reference\",\"description\":\"Next.js API Reference for the App Router.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Components\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js built-in components.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Font\",\"description\":\"Optimizing loading web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/components/font\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize Images in your Next.js Application using the built-in `next/image` Component.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/components/image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cLink\u003e\",\"description\":\"Enable fast client-side navigation with the built-in `next/link` component.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/components/link\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cScript\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize third-party scripts in your Next.js application using the built-in `next/script` Component.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/components/script\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"File Conventions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Special Files.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"default.js\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the default.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/default\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"error.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the error.js special file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/error\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"instrumentation.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the instrumentation.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"layout.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the layout.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/layout\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"loading.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the loading.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/loading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"middleware.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the middleware.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"not-found.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the not-found.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/not-found\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"page.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the page.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/page\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"route.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the route.js special file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Route Segment Config\",\"description\":\"Learn about how to configure options for Next.js route segments.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route-segment-config\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"template.js\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the template.js file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/template\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Metadata Files\",\"description\":\"API documentation for the metadata file conventions.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"favicon, icon, and apple-icon\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Favicon, Icon and Apple Icon file conventions.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/app-icons\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"manifest.json\",\"description\":\"API Reference for manifest.json file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/manifest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"opengraph-image and twitter-image\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Open Graph Image and Twitter Image file conventions.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/opengraph-image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"robots.txt\",\"description\":\"API Reference for robots.txt file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/robots\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"sitemap.xml\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the sitemap.xml file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/sitemap\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Functions and Hooks.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"cookies\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the cookies function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/cookies\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"draftMode\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the draftMode function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"fetch\",\"description\":\"API reference for the extended fetch function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/fetch\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateImageMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to generate multiple images in a single Metadata API special file.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/generate-image-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to add Metadata to your Next.js application for improved search engine optimization (SEO) and web shareability.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateSitemaps\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the generateSiteMaps function to create multiple sitemaps for your application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/generate-sitemaps\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateStaticParams\",\"description\":\"API reference for the generateStaticParams function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/generate-static-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateViewport\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the generateViewport function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/generate-viewport\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"API reference for the headers function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ImageResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the ImageResponse constructor.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/image-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextRequest\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextRequest.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/next-request\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextResponse.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/next-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"notFound\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the notFound function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/not-found\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"permanentRedirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the permanentRedirect function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/permanentRedirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"redirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the redirect function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/redirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidatePath\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidatePath function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidateTag\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidateTag function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_cache\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_cache function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_noStore\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_noStore function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_noStore\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useParams hook.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/use-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"usePathname\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the usePathname hook.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/use-pathname\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useReportWebVitals\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useReportWebVitals function.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/use-report-web-vitals\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useRouter\",\"description\":\"API reference for the useRouter hook.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/use-router\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSearchParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSearchParams hook.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/use-search-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegment\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegment hook.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segment\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegments\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegments hook.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segments\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"userAgent\",\"description\":\"The userAgent helper extends the Web Request API with additional properties and methods to interact with the user agent object from the request.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/functions/userAgent\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"next.config.js Options\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your application with next.config.js.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"appDir\",\"description\":\"Enable the App Router to use layouts, streaming, and more.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/appDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"assetPrefix\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the assetPrefix config option to configure your CDN.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/assetPrefix\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"basePath\",\"description\":\"Use `basePath` to deploy a Next.js application under a sub-path of a domain.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/basePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"compress\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides gzip compression to compress rendered content and static files, it only works with the server target. Learn more about it here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/compress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"crossOrigin\",\"description\":\"Use the `crossOrigin` option to add a crossOrigin tag on the `script` tags generated by `next/script`.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/crossOrigin\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"devIndicators\",\"description\":\"Optimized pages include an indicator to let you know if it's being statically optimized. You can opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/devIndicators\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"distDir\",\"description\":\"Set a custom build directory to use instead of the default .next directory.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/distDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"env\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application at build time.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/env\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"eslint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. Learn how to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/eslint\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"exportPathMap\",\"description\":\"Customize the pages that will be exported as HTML files when using `next export`.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/exportPathMap\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateBuildId\",\"description\":\"Configure the build id, which is used to identify the current build in which your application is being served.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/generateBuildId\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateEtags\",\"description\":\"Next.js will generate etags for every page by default. Learn more about how to disable etag generation here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/generateEtags\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"Add custom HTTP headers to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"httpAgentOptions\",\"description\":\"Next.js will automatically use HTTP Keep-Alive by default. Learn more about how to disable HTTP Keep-Alive here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/httpAgentOptions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"images\",\"description\":\"Custom configuration for the next/image loader\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cacheHandler\",\"description\":\"Configure the Next.js cache used for storing and revalidating data to use any external service like Redis, Memcached, or others.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"instrumentationHook\",\"description\":\"Use the instrumentationHook option to set up instrumentation in your Next.js App.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/instrumentationHook\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"logging\",\"description\":\"Configure how data fetches are logged to the console when running Next.js in development mode.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/logging\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"mdxRs\",\"description\":\"Use the new Rust compiler to compile MDX files in the App Router.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/mdxRs\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"onDemandEntries\",\"description\":\"Configure how Next.js will dispose and keep in memory pages created in development.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/onDemandEntries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"optimizePackageImports\",\"description\":\"API Reference for optmizedPackageImports Next.js Config Option\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/optimizePackageImports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"output\",\"description\":\"Next.js automatically traces which files are needed by each page to allow for easy deployment of your application. Learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/output\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"pageExtensions\",\"description\":\"Extend the default page extensions used by Next.js when resolving pages in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/pageExtensions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Partial Prerendering (experimental)\",\"description\":\"Learn how to enable Partial Prerendering (experimental) in Next.js 14.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/partial-prerendering\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"poweredByHeader\",\"description\":\"Next.js will add the `x-powered-by` header by default. Learn to opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/poweredByHeader\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"productionBrowserSourceMaps\",\"description\":\"Enables browser source map generation during the production build.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/productionBrowserSourceMaps\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"reactStrictMode\",\"description\":\"The complete Next.js runtime is now Strict Mode-compliant, learn how to opt-in\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/reactStrictMode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"redirects\",\"description\":\"Add redirects to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/redirects\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"rewrites\",\"description\":\"Add rewrites to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/rewrites\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverActions\",\"description\":\"Configure Server Actions behavior in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/serverActions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverComponentsExternalPackages\",\"description\":\"Opt-out specific dependencies from the Server Components bundling and use native Node.js `require`.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/serverComponentsExternalPackages\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"StaleTimes (experimental)\",\"description\":\"Learn how to override the invalidation time of the Client Router Cache.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/staleTimes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"trailingSlash\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js pages to resolve with or without a trailing slash.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/trailingSlash\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"transpilePackages\",\"description\":\"Automatically transpile and bundle dependencies from local packages (like monorepos) or from external dependencies (`node_modules`).\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/transpilePackages\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"turbo\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js with Turbopack-specific options\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/turbo\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"typedRoutes\",\"description\":\"Enable experimental support for statically typed links.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/typedRoutes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"typescript\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports TypeScript errors by default. Learn to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/typescript\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"urlImports\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js to allow importing modules from external URLs (experimental).\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/urlImports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webpack\",\"description\":\"Learn how to customize the webpack config used by Next.js\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/webpack\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webVitalsAttribution\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the webVitalsAttribution option to pinpoint the source of Web Vitals issues.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/next-config-js/webVitalsAttribution\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"CLI\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Next.js Command Line Interface (CLI) tools.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/cli\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"create-next-app\",\"description\":\"Create Next.js apps using one command with the create-next-app CLI.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/cli/create-next-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"next CLI\",\"description\":\"Learn how to run and build your application with the Next.js CLI.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/cli/next\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Edge Runtime\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Edge Runtime.\",\"path\":\"14/app/api-reference/edge\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Building Your Application\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Next.js features to build your application.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Routing\",\"description\":\"Learn the fundamentals of routing for front-end applications with the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/routing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Pages and Layouts\",\"description\":\"Create your first page and shared layout with the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/routing/pages-and-layouts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Dynamic Routes\",\"description\":\"Dynamic Routes are pages that allow you to add custom params to your URLs. 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Learn more here.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/routing/internationalization\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Middleware\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Middleware to run code before a request is completed.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/routing/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Rendering\",\"description\":\"Learn the fundamentals of rendering in React and Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/rendering\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Server-side Rendering (SSR)\",\"description\":\"Use Server-side Rendering to render pages on each request.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/rendering/server-side-rendering\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Site Generation (SSG)\",\"description\":\"Use Static Site Generation (SSG) to pre-render pages at build time.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/rendering/static-site-generation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Automatic Static Optimization\",\"description\":\"Next.js automatically optimizes your app to be static HTML whenever possible. 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Learn more about this API for data fetching in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/get-static-paths\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Forms and Mutations\",\"description\":\"Learn how to handle form submissions and data mutations with Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/forms-and-mutations\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"getServerSideProps\",\"description\":\"Fetch data on each request with `getServerSideProps`.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/get-server-side-props\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR)\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create or update static pages at runtime with Incremental Static Regeneration.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/incremental-static-regeneration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Client-side Fetching\",\"description\":\"Learn about client-side data fetching, and how to use SWR, a data fetching React hook library that handles caching, revalidation, focus tracking, refetching on interval and more.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/client-side\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Styling\",\"description\":\"Learn the different ways you can style your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/styling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"CSS Modules\",\"description\":\"Style your Next.js Application using CSS Modules.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/styling/css-modules\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Tailwind CSS\",\"description\":\"Style your Next.js Application using Tailwind CSS.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/styling/tailwind-css\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"CSS-in-JS\",\"description\":\"Use CSS-in-JS libraries with Next.js\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/styling/css-in-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Sass\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Sass in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/styling/sass\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Optimizing\",\"description\":\"Optimize your Next.js application for best performance and user experience.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Images\",\"description\":\"Optimize your images with the built-in `next/image` component.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Fonts\",\"description\":\"Optimize your application's web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/fonts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Scripts\",\"description\":\"Optimize 3rd party scripts with the built-in Script component.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/scripts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Assets\",\"description\":\"Next.js allows you to serve static files, like images, in the public directory. You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/static-assets\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Bundle Analyzer\",\"description\":\"Analyze the size of your JavaScript bundles using the @next/bundle-analyzer plugin.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/bundle-analyzer\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Analytics\",\"description\":\"Measure and track page performance using Next.js Speed Insights\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/analytics\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Lazy Loading\",\"description\":\"Lazy load imported libraries and React Components to improve your application's loading performance.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/lazy-loading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Instrumentation\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use instrumentation to run code at server startup in your Next.js app\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"OpenTelemetry\",\"description\":\"Learn how to instrument your Next.js app with OpenTelemetry.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/open-telemetry\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Third Party Libraries\",\"description\":\"Optimize the performance of third-party libraries in your application with the `@next/third-parties` package.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/optimizing/third-party-libraries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Configuring\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"TypeScript\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides a TypeScript-first development experience for building your React application.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/typescript\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ESLint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. Learn how to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/eslint\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Environment Variables\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/environment-variables\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Absolute Imports and Module Path Aliases\",\"description\":\"Configure module path aliases that allow you to remap certain import paths.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/absolute-imports-and-module-aliases\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"src Directory\",\"description\":\"Save pages under the `src` directory as an alternative to the root `pages` directory.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/src-directory\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"MDX\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure MDX to write JSX in your markdown files.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/mdx\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"AMP\",\"description\":\"With minimal config, and without leaving React, you can start adding AMP and improve the performance and speed of your pages.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/amp\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Babel\",\"description\":\"Extend the babel preset added by Next.js with your own configs.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/babel\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"PostCSS\",\"description\":\"Extend the PostCSS config and plugins added by Next.js with your own.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/post-css\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Custom Server\",\"description\":\"Start a Next.js app programmatically using a custom server.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/custom-server\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Draft Mode\",\"description\":\"Next.js has draft mode to toggle between static and dynamic pages. You can learn how it works with Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Error Handling\",\"description\":\"Handle errors in your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/error-handling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Debugging\",\"description\":\"Learn how to debug your Next.js application with VS Code or Chrome DevTools.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/debugging\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Preview Mode\",\"description\":\"Next.js has the preview mode for statically generated pages. You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/preview-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Content Security Policy\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set a Content Security Policy (CSP) for your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/configuring/content-security-policy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Testing\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with three commonly used testing tools — Cypress, Playwright, Vitest, and Jest.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/testing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Vitest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Vitest and React Testing Library - two popular unit testing libraries.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/testing/vitest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Jest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Jest for Unit Testing.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/testing/jest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Playwright\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Playwright for End-to-End (E2E) and Integration testing.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/testing/playwright\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Cypress\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Cypress for End-to-End (E2E) and Component Testing.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/testing/cypress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Authentication\",\"description\":\"Learn how to implement authentication in Next.js, covering best practices, securing routes, authorization techniques, and session management.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/authentication\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Deploying\",\"description\":\"Learn how to deploy your Next.js app to production, either managed or self-hosted.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/deploying\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Production Checklist\",\"description\":\"Recommendations to ensure the best performance and user experience before taking your Next.js application to production.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Exports\",\"description\":\"Next.js enables starting as a static site or Single-Page Application (SPA), then later optionally upgrading to use features that require a server.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Multi-Zones\",\"description\":\"Learn how to build micro-frontends using Next.js Multi-Zones to deploy multiple Next.js apps under a single domain.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Continuous Integration (CI) Build Caching\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure CI to cache Next.js builds\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/deploying/ci-build-caching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Upgrading\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade to the latest versions of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Codemods\",\"description\":\"Use codemods to upgrade your Next.js codebase when new features are released.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"From Pages to App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade your existing Next.js application from the Pages Router to the App Router.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Vite\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Vite to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/from-vite\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Create React App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Create React App to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/from-create-react-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 14\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 13 to 14.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-14\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 13\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 12 to 13.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-13\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 12\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 11 to Version 12.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-12\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 11\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 10 to Version 11.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-11\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 10\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 9 to Version 10.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-10\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 9\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 8 to Version 9.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-9\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"API Reference\",\"description\":\"Next.js API Reference for the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Components\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js built-in components in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Font\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Font Module\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/components/font\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cHead\u003e\",\"description\":\"Add custom elements to the `head` of your page with the built-in Head component.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/components/head\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize Images in your Next.js Application using the built-in `next/image` Component.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/components/image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e (Legacy)\",\"description\":\"Backwards compatible Image Optimization with the Legacy Image component.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/components/image-legacy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cLink\u003e\",\"description\":\"API reference for the \u003cLink\u003e component.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/components/link\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cScript\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize third-party scripts in your Next.js application using the built-in `next/script` Component.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/components/script\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Functions and Hooks in Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"getInitialProps\",\"description\":\"Fetch dynamic data on the server for your React component with getInitialProps.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/functions/get-initial-props\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"getServerSideProps\",\"description\":\"API reference for `getServerSideProps`. 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Runtime.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/edge\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"CLI\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Next.js Command Line Interface (CLI) tools.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/cli\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"CLI\",\"description\":\"Create Next.js apps using one command with the create-next-app CLI.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/cli/create-next-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"next CLI\",\"description\":\"Learn how to run and build your application with the Next.js CLI.\",\"path\":\"14/pages/api-reference/cli/next\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"Architecture\",\"description\":\"How Next.js Works\",\"path\":\"14/architecture\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Accessibility\",\"description\":\"The built-in accessibility features of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/architecture/accessibility\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Fast Refresh\",\"description\":\"Fast Refresh is a hot module reloading experience that gives you instantaneous feedback on edits made to your React components.\",\"path\":\"14/architecture/fast-refresh\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Next.js Compiler\",\"description\":\"Next.js Compiler, written in Rust, which transforms and minifies your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"14/architecture/nextjs-compiler\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Supported Browsers\",\"description\":\"Browser support and which JavaScript features are supported by Next.js.\",\"path\":\"14/architecture/supported-browsers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Turbopack\",\"description\":\"Turbopack is an incremental bundler optimized for JavaScript and TypeScript, written in Rust, and built into 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exceptions.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/routing/error-handling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Loading UI and Streaming\",\"description\":\"Built on top of Suspense, Loading UI allows you to create a fallback for specific route segments, and automatically stream content as it becomes ready.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/routing/loading-ui-and-streaming\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Redirecting\",\"description\":\"Learn the different ways to handle redirects in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/routing/redirecting\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Route Groups\",\"description\":\"Route Groups can be used to partition your Next.js application into different sections.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/routing/route-groups\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Dynamic Routes\",\"description\":\"Dynamic 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completed.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/routing/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Internationalization\",\"description\":\"Add support for multiple languages with internationalized routing and localized content.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/routing/internationalization\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Data Fetching\",\"description\":\"Learn how to fetch, cache, revalidate, and mutate data with Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/data-fetching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Data Fetching and Caching\",\"description\":\"Learn best practices for fetching data on the server or client in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/data-fetching/fetching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Server Actions and Mutations\",\"description\":\"Learn how to handle form submissions and data mutations with 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component.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/optimizing/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Videos\",\"description\":\"Recommendations and best practices for optimizing videos in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/optimizing/videos\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Fonts\",\"description\":\"Optimize your application's web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/optimizing/fonts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Metadata\",\"description\":\"Use the Metadata API to define metadata in any layout or page.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/optimizing/metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Scripts\",\"description\":\"Optimize 3rd party scripts with the built-in Script 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app\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/optimizing/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"OpenTelemetry\",\"description\":\"Learn how to instrument your Next.js app with OpenTelemetry.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/optimizing/open-telemetry\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Assets\",\"description\":\"Next.js allows you to serve static files, like images, in the public directory. 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Testing.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/testing/playwright\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Cypress\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Cypress with Next.js for End-to-End (E2E) and Component Testing.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/testing/cypress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Authentication\",\"description\":\"Learn how to implement authentication in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/authentication\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Deploying\",\"description\":\"Learn how to deploy your Next.js app to production, either managed or self-hosted.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/deploying\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Production Checklist\",\"description\":\"Recommendations to ensure the best performance and user experience before taking your Next.js application to production.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Exports\",\"description\":\"Next.js enables starting as a static site or Single-Page Application (SPA), then later optionally upgrading to use features that require a server.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Multi-Zones\",\"description\":\"Learn how to build micro-frontends using Next.js Multi-Zones to deploy multiple Next.js apps under a single domain.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Upgrading\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade to the latest versions of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/upgrading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Codemods\",\"description\":\"Use codemods to upgrade your Next.js codebase when new features are released.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 15\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 14 to 15.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/upgrading/version-15\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 14\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 13 to 14.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/upgrading/version-14\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"App Router Migration\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade your existing Next.js application from the Pages Router to the App Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Create React App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Create React App to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-create-react-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Vite\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Vite to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-vite\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Examples\",\"description\":\"Examples of popular Next.js UI patterns and use cases.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/building-your-application/examples\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"API Reference\",\"description\":\"Next.js API Reference for the App Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Directives\",\"description\":\"Directives are used to modify the behavior of your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/directives\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"use cache\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the use cache directive to cache data in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/directives/use-cache\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"use client\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the use client directive to render a component on the client.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/directives/use-client\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"use server\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the use server directive to execute code on the server.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/directives/use-server\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Components\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js built-in components.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Font\",\"description\":\"Optimizing loading web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/components/font\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cForm\u003e\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the `\u003cForm\u003e` component to handle form submissions and search params updates with client-side navigation.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/components/form\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize Images in your Next.js Application using the built-in `next/image` Component.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/components/image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cLink\u003e\",\"description\":\"Enable fast client-side navigation with the built-in `next/link` component.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/components/link\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cScript\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize third-party scripts in your Next.js application using the built-in `next/script` Component.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/components/script\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"File Conventions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Special Files.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"default.js\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the default.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/default\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"error.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the error.js special file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/error\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"forbidden.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the forbidden.js special file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/forbidden\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"instrumentation.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the instrumentation.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"layout.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the layout.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/layout\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"loading.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the loading.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/loading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"mdx-components.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the mdx-components.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/mdx-components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"middleware.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the middleware.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"not-found.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the not-found.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/not-found\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"page.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the page.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/page\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"route.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the route.js special file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Route Segment Config\",\"description\":\"Learn about how to configure options for Next.js route segments.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/route-segment-config\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"template.js\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the template.js file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/template\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unauthorized.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the unauthorized.js special file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/unauthorized\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Metadata Files\",\"description\":\"API documentation for the metadata file conventions.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"favicon, icon, and apple-icon\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Favicon, Icon and Apple Icon file conventions.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/app-icons\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"manifest.json\",\"description\":\"API Reference for manifest.json file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/manifest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"opengraph-image and twitter-image\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Open Graph Image and Twitter Image file conventions.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/opengraph-image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"robots.txt\",\"description\":\"API Reference for robots.txt file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/robots\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"sitemap.xml\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the sitemap.xml file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/sitemap\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Functions and Hooks.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"cacheLife\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the cacheLife function to set the cache expiration time for a cached function or component.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/cacheLife\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cacheTag\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the cacheTag function to manage cache invalidation in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/cacheTag\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"connection\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the connection function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/connection\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cookies\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the cookies function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/cookies\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"draftMode\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the draftMode function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"fetch\",\"description\":\"API reference for the extended fetch function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/fetch\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"forbidden\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the forbidden function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/forbidden\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateImageMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to generate multiple images in a single Metadata API special file.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/generate-image-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to add Metadata to your Next.js application for improved search engine optimization (SEO) and web shareability.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateSitemaps\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the generateSiteMaps function to create multiple sitemaps for your application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/generate-sitemaps\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateStaticParams\",\"description\":\"API reference for the generateStaticParams function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/generate-static-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateViewport\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the generateViewport function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/generate-viewport\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"API reference for the headers function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ImageResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the ImageResponse constructor.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/image-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextRequest\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextRequest.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/next-request\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextResponse.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/next-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"notFound\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the notFound function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/not-found\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"permanentRedirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the permanentRedirect function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/permanentRedirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"redirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the redirect function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/redirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidatePath\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidatePath function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidateTag\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidateTag function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unauthorized\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unauthorized function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/unauthorized\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_after\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the after function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_after\",\"version\":\"unstable\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_cache\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_cache function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache\",\"version\":\"legacy\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_expirePath\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_expirePath function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_expirePath\",\"version\":\"unstable\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_expireTag\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_expireTag function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_expireTag\",\"version\":\"unstable\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_noStore\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_noStore function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_noStore\",\"version\":\"legacy\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_rethrow\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_rethrow function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/unstable_rethrow\",\"version\":\"unstable\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useParams hook.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/use-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"usePathname\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the usePathname hook.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/use-pathname\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useReportWebVitals\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useReportWebVitals function.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/use-report-web-vitals\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useRouter\",\"description\":\"API reference for the useRouter hook.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/use-router\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSearchParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSearchParams hook.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/use-search-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegment\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegment hook.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segment\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegments\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegments hook.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segments\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"userAgent\",\"description\":\"The userAgent helper extends the Web Request API with additional properties and methods to interact with the user agent object from the request.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/functions/userAgent\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Configuration\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure Next.js applications.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"next.config.js\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your application with next.config.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"appDir\",\"description\":\"Enable the App Router to use layouts, streaming, and more.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/appDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"assetPrefix\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the assetPrefix config option to configure your CDN.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/assetPrefix\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"authInterrupts\",\"description\":\"Learn how to enable the experimental `authInterrupts` configuration option to use `forbidden` and `unauthorized`.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/authInterrupts\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"basePath\",\"description\":\"Use `basePath` to deploy a Next.js application under a sub-path of a domain.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/basePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cacheLife\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up cacheLife configurations in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cacheLife\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"compress\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides gzip compression to compress rendered content and static files, it only works with the server target. Learn more about it here.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/compress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"crossOrigin\",\"description\":\"Use the `crossOrigin` option to add a crossOrigin tag on the `script` tags generated by `next/script`.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/crossOrigin\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cssChunking\",\"description\":\"Use the `cssChunking` option to control how CSS files are chunked in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/cssChunking\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"devIndicators\",\"description\":\"Optimized pages include an indicator to let you know if it's being statically optimized. You can opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/devIndicators\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"distDir\",\"description\":\"Set a custom build directory to use instead of the default .next directory.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/distDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"dynamicIO\",\"description\":\"Learn how to enable the dynamicIO flag in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/dynamicIO\",\"version\":\"canary\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"env\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application at build time.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/env\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"eslint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. Learn how to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/eslint\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"expireTime\",\"description\":\"Customize stale-while-revalidate expire time for ISR enabled pages.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/expireTime\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"exportPathMap\",\"description\":\"Customize the pages that will be exported as HTML files when using `next export`.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/exportPathMap\",\"version\":\"legacy\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateBuildId\",\"description\":\"Configure the build id, which is used to identify the current build in which your application is being served.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/generateBuildId\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateEtags\",\"description\":\"Next.js will generate etags for every page by default. Learn more about how to disable etag generation here.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/generateEtags\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"Add custom HTTP headers to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"httpAgentOptions\",\"description\":\"Next.js will automatically use HTTP Keep-Alive by default. Learn more about how to disable HTTP Keep-Alive here.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/httpAgentOptions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"images\",\"description\":\"Custom configuration for the next/image loader\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cacheHandler\",\"description\":\"Configure the Next.js cache used for storing and revalidating data to use any external service like Redis, Memcached, or others.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"inlineCss\",\"description\":\"Enable inline CSS support.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/inlineCss\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"logging\",\"description\":\"Configure how data fetches are logged to the console when running Next.js in development mode.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/logging\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"mdxRs\",\"description\":\"Use the new Rust compiler to compile MDX files in the App Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/mdxRs\",\"version\":\"experimental.\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"onDemandEntries\",\"description\":\"Configure how Next.js will dispose and keep in memory pages created in development.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/onDemandEntries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"optimizePackageImports\",\"description\":\"API Reference for optimizePackageImports Next.js Config Option\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/optimizePackageImports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"output\",\"description\":\"Next.js automatically traces which files are needed by each page to allow for easy deployment of your application. Learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/output\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"pageExtensions\",\"description\":\"Extend the default page extensions used by Next.js when resolving pages in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/pageExtensions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"poweredByHeader\",\"description\":\"Next.js will add the `x-powered-by` header by default. Learn to opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/poweredByHeader\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ppr\",\"description\":\"Learn how to enable Partial Prerendering in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/ppr\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"productionBrowserSourceMaps\",\"description\":\"Enables browser source map generation during the production build.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/productionBrowserSourceMaps\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"reactCompiler\",\"description\":\"Enable the React Compiler to automatically optimize component rendering.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/reactCompiler\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"reactMaxHeadersLength\",\"description\":\"The maximum length of the headers that are emitted by React and added to the response.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/reactMaxHeadersLength\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"reactStrictMode\",\"description\":\"The complete Next.js runtime is now Strict Mode-compliant, learn how to opt-in\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/reactStrictMode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"redirects\",\"description\":\"Add redirects to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/redirects\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"rewrites\",\"description\":\"Add rewrites to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/rewrites\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"sassOptions\",\"description\":\"Configure Sass options.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/sassOptions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverActions\",\"description\":\"Configure Server Actions behavior in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/serverActions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverComponentsHmrCache\",\"description\":\"Configure whether fetch responses in Server Components are cached across HMR refresh requests.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/serverComponentsHmrCache\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverExternalPackages\",\"description\":\"Opt-out specific dependencies from the Server Components bundling and use native Node.js `require`.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/serverExternalPackages\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"staleTimes\",\"description\":\"Learn how to override the invalidation time of the Client Router Cache.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/staleTimes\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"staticGeneration*\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure static generation in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/staticGeneration\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"trailingSlash\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js pages to resolve with or without a trailing slash.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/trailingSlash\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"transpilePackages\",\"description\":\"Automatically transpile and bundle dependencies from local packages (like monorepos) or from external dependencies (`node_modules`).\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/transpilePackages\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"turbo\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js with Turbopack-specific options\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/turbo\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"typedRoutes\",\"description\":\"Enable experimental support for statically typed links.\",\"path\":\"canary/app/api-reference/config/next-config-js/typedRoutes\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"typescript\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports TypeScript errors by default. 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You can learn how it works with Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/configuring/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Error Handling\",\"description\":\"Handle errors in your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/configuring/error-handling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Preview Mode\",\"description\":\"Next.js has the preview mode for statically generated pages. You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/configuring/preview-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Content Security Policy\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set a Content Security Policy (CSP) for your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/configuring/content-security-policy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Debugging\",\"description\":\"Learn how to debug your Next.js application with VS Code or Chrome DevTools.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/configuring/debugging\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Testing\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with three commonly used testing tools — Cypress, Playwright, Vitest, and Jest.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/testing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Vitest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Vitest 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securing routes, authorization techniques, and session management.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/authentication\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Deploying\",\"description\":\"Learn how to deploy your Next.js app to production, either managed or self-hosted.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/deploying\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Production Checklist\",\"description\":\"Recommendations to ensure the best performance and user experience before taking your Next.js application to production.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Exports\",\"description\":\"Next.js enables starting as a static site or Single-Page Application (SPA), then later optionally upgrading to use features that require a server.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Multi-Zones\",\"description\":\"Learn how to build micro-frontends using Next.js Multi-Zones to deploy multiple Next.js apps under a single domain.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Continuous Integration (CI) Build Caching\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure CI to cache Next.js builds\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/deploying/ci-build-caching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Upgrading\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade to the latest versions of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Codemods\",\"description\":\"Use codemods to upgrade your Next.js codebase when new features are released.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"From Pages to App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade your existing Next.js application from the Pages Router to the App Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Vite\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Vite to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/from-vite\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Create React App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Create React App to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/from-create-react-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 14\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 13 to 14.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-14\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 13\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 12 to 13.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-13\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 12\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 11 to Version 12.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-12\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 11\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 10 to Version 11.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-11\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 10\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 9 to Version 10.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-10\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 9\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 8 to Version 9.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-9\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"API Reference\",\"description\":\"Next.js API Reference for the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Components\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js built-in components in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Font\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Font Module\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components/font\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cForm\u003e\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the `\u003cForm\u003e` component to handle form submissions and search params updates with client-side navigation.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components/form\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cHead\u003e\",\"description\":\"Add custom elements to the `head` of your page with the built-in Head component.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components/head\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize Images in your Next.js Application using the built-in `next/image` Component.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components/image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e (Legacy)\",\"description\":\"Backwards compatible Image Optimization with the Legacy Image component.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components/image-legacy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cLink\u003e\",\"description\":\"API reference for the \u003cLink\u003e component.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components/link\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cScript\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize third-party scripts in your Next.js application using the built-in `next/script` Component.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/components/script\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Functions and Hooks in Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"getInitialProps\",\"description\":\"Fetch dynamic data on the server for your React component with getInitialProps.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/get-initial-props\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"getServerSideProps\",\"description\":\"API reference for `getServerSideProps`. 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Learn how to use `getStaticProps` to generate static pages with Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/get-static-props\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextRequest\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextRequest.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/next-request\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextResponse.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/next-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useAmp\",\"description\":\"Enable AMP in a page, and control the way Next.js adds AMP to the page with the AMP config.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/use-amp\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useReportWebVitals\",\"description\":\"useReportWebVitals\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/use-report-web-vitals\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useRouter\",\"description\":\"Learn more about the API of the Next.js Router, and access the router instance in your page with the useRouter hook.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/use-router\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"userAgent\",\"description\":\"The userAgent helper extends the Web Request API with additional properties and methods to interact with the user agent object from the request.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/functions/userAgent\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Configuration\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/config\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"next.config.js Options\",\"description\":\"Learn about the options available in next.config.js for the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/config/next-config-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"assetPrefix\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the assetPrefix config option to configure your CDN.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/config/next-config-js/assetPrefix\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"basePath\",\"description\":\"Use `basePath` to deploy a Next.js application under a sub-path of a domain.\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/config/next-config-js/basePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"bundlePagesRouterDependencies\",\"description\":\"Enable automatic dependency bundling for Pages Router\",\"path\":\"canary/pages/api-reference/config/next-config-js/bundlePagesRouterDependencies\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"compress\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides gzip compression to compress rendered content and static files, it only works with the server target. 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application.\",\"path\":\"canary/architecture/nextjs-compiler\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Supported Browsers\",\"description\":\"Browser support and which JavaScript features are supported by Next.js.\",\"path\":\"canary/architecture/supported-browsers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Community\",\"description\":\"Get involved in the Next.js community.\",\"path\":\"canary/community\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Contribution Guide\",\"description\":\"Learn how to contribute to Next.js Documentation\",\"path\":\"canary/community/contribution-guide\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}],\"stable\":[{\"title\":\"Getting Started\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create full-stack web applications with the Next.js App Router.\",\"path\":\"app/getting-started\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Installation\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create a new Next.js application with `create-next-app`, and set up TypeScript, ESLint, and Module Path Aliases.\",\"path\":\"app/getting-started/installation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Project Structure\",\"description\":\"Learn about the folder and file conventions in a Next.js project, and how to organize your project.\",\"path\":\"app/getting-started/project-structure\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Building Your Application\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Next.js features to build your application.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Routing\",\"description\":\"Learn the fundamentals of routing for front-end applications.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Defining Routes\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create your first route in 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exceptions.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing/error-handling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Loading UI and Streaming\",\"description\":\"Built on top of Suspense, Loading UI allows you to create a fallback for specific route segments, and automatically stream content as it becomes ready.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing/loading-ui-and-streaming\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Redirecting\",\"description\":\"Learn the different ways to handle redirects in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing/redirecting\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Route Groups\",\"description\":\"Route Groups can be used to partition your Next.js application into different sections.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing/route-groups\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Dynamic Routes\",\"description\":\"Dynamic Routes can be used to programmatically generate route segments from dynamic data.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing/dynamic-routes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Parallel Routes\",\"description\":\"Simultaneously render one or more pages in the same view that can be navigated independently. 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completed.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Internationalization\",\"description\":\"Add support for multiple languages with internationalized routing and localized content.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/routing/internationalization\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Data Fetching\",\"description\":\"Learn how to fetch, cache, revalidate, and mutate data with Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/data-fetching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Data Fetching and Caching\",\"description\":\"Learn best practices for fetching data on the server or client in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/data-fetching/fetching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Server Actions and Mutations\",\"description\":\"Learn how to handle form submissions and data mutations with 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Client Components to render parts of your application on the client.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/rendering/client-components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Composition Patterns\",\"description\":\"Recommended patterns for using Server and Client Components.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/rendering/composition-patterns\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Partial Prerendering\",\"description\":\"Learn how to combine the benefits of static and dynamic rendering with Partial Prerendering.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/rendering/partial-prerendering\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Runtimes\",\"description\":\"Learn about the switchable runtimes (Edge and Node.js) in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/rendering/edge-and-nodejs-runtimes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Caching\",\"description\":\"An overview of caching mechanisms in 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Next.js\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/styling/css-in-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Optimizing\",\"description\":\"Optimize your Next.js application for best performance and user experience.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/optimizing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Images\",\"description\":\"Optimize your images with the built-in `next/image` component.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/optimizing/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Videos\",\"description\":\"Recommendations and best practices for optimizing videos in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/optimizing/videos\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Fonts\",\"description\":\"Optimize your application's web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/optimizing/fonts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Metadata\",\"description\":\"Use the Metadata API to define metadata in any layout or page.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/optimizing/metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Scripts\",\"description\":\"Optimize 3rd party scripts with the built-in Script component.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/optimizing/scripts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Package Bundling\",\"description\":\"Learn how to optimize your application's server and client bundles.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/optimizing/package-bundling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Lazy Loading\",\"description\":\"Lazy load imported libraries and React Components to improve your application's loading 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Next.js with four commonly used testing tools — Cypress, Playwright, Vitest, and Jest.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/testing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Vitest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Vitest with Next.js for Unit Testing.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/testing/vitest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Jest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Jest with Next.js for Unit Testing and Snapshot Testing.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/testing/jest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Playwright\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Playwright with Next.js for End-to-End (E2E) Testing.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/testing/playwright\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Cypress\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Cypress with Next.js for End-to-End (E2E) and Component Testing.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/testing/cypress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Authentication\",\"description\":\"Learn how to implement authentication in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/authentication\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Deploying\",\"description\":\"Learn how to deploy your Next.js app to production, either managed or self-hosted.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/deploying\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Production Checklist\",\"description\":\"Recommendations to ensure the best performance and user experience before taking your Next.js application to production.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Exports\",\"description\":\"Next.js enables starting as a static site or Single-Page Application (SPA), then later optionally upgrading to use features that require a server.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Multi-Zones\",\"description\":\"Learn how to build micro-frontends using Next.js Multi-Zones to deploy multiple Next.js apps under a single domain.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Upgrading\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade to the latest versions of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/upgrading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Codemods\",\"description\":\"Use codemods to upgrade your Next.js codebase when new features are released.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 15\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 14 to 15.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/upgrading/version-15\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 14\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 13 to 14.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/upgrading/version-14\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"App Router Migration\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade your existing Next.js application from the Pages Router to the App Router.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Create React App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Create React App to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-create-react-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Vite\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Vite to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/upgrading/from-vite\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Examples\",\"description\":\"Examples of popular Next.js UI patterns and use cases.\",\"path\":\"app/building-your-application/examples\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"API Reference\",\"description\":\"Next.js API Reference for the App Router.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Directives\",\"description\":\"Directives are used to modify the behavior of your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/directives\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"use client\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the use client directive to render a component on the client.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/directives/use-client\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"use server\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the use server directive to execute code on the server.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/directives/use-server\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Components\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js built-in components.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Font\",\"description\":\"Optimizing loading web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/components/font\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cForm\u003e\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the `\u003cForm\u003e` component to handle form submissions and search params updates with client-side navigation.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/components/form\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize Images in your Next.js Application using the built-in `next/image` Component.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/components/image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cLink\u003e\",\"description\":\"Enable fast client-side navigation with the built-in `next/link` component.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/components/link\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cScript\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize third-party scripts in your Next.js application using the built-in `next/script` Component.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/components/script\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"File Conventions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Special Files.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"default.js\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the default.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/default\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"error.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the error.js special file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/error\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"instrumentation.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the instrumentation.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"layout.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the layout.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/layout\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"loading.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the loading.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/loading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"mdx-components.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the mdx-components.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/mdx-components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"middleware.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the middleware.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"not-found.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the not-found.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/not-found\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"page.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the page.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/page\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"route.js\",\"description\":\"API reference for the route.js special file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/route\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Route Segment Config\",\"description\":\"Learn about how to configure options for Next.js route segments.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/route-segment-config\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"template.js\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the template.js file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/template\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Metadata Files\",\"description\":\"API documentation for the metadata file conventions.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"favicon, icon, and apple-icon\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Favicon, Icon and Apple Icon file conventions.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/app-icons\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"manifest.json\",\"description\":\"API Reference for manifest.json file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/manifest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"opengraph-image and twitter-image\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Open Graph Image and Twitter Image file conventions.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/opengraph-image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"robots.txt\",\"description\":\"API Reference for robots.txt file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/robots\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"sitemap.xml\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the sitemap.xml file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/file-conventions/metadata/sitemap\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js Functions and Hooks.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"connection\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the connection function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/connection\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cookies\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the cookies function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/cookies\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"draftMode\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the draftMode function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"fetch\",\"description\":\"API reference for the extended fetch function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/fetch\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateImageMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to generate multiple images in a single Metadata API special file.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/generate-image-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateMetadata\",\"description\":\"Learn how to add Metadata to your Next.js application for improved search engine optimization (SEO) and web shareability.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateSitemaps\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the generateSiteMaps function to create multiple sitemaps for your application.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/generate-sitemaps\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateStaticParams\",\"description\":\"API reference for the generateStaticParams function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/generate-static-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateViewport\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the generateViewport function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/generate-viewport\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"API reference for the headers function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ImageResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the ImageResponse constructor.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/image-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextRequest\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextRequest.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/next-request\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"NextResponse\",\"description\":\"API Reference for NextResponse.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/next-response\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"notFound\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the notFound function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/not-found\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"permanentRedirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the permanentRedirect function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/permanentRedirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"redirect\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the redirect function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/redirect\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidatePath\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidatePath function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/revalidatePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"revalidateTag\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the revalidateTag function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/revalidateTag\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_after\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the after function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/unstable_after\",\"version\":\"unstable\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_cache\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_cache function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/unstable_cache\",\"version\":\"legacy\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_noStore\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_noStore function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/unstable_noStore\",\"version\":\"legacy\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"unstable_rethrow\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the unstable_rethrow function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/unstable_rethrow\",\"version\":\"unstable\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useParams hook.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/use-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"usePathname\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the usePathname hook.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/use-pathname\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useReportWebVitals\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useReportWebVitals function.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/use-report-web-vitals\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useRouter\",\"description\":\"API reference for the useRouter hook.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/use-router\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSearchParams\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSearchParams hook.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/use-search-params\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegment\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegment hook.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segment\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useSelectedLayoutSegments\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the useSelectedLayoutSegments hook.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/use-selected-layout-segments\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"userAgent\",\"description\":\"The userAgent helper extends the Web Request API with additional properties and methods to interact with the user agent object from the request.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/functions/userAgent\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"next.config.js Options\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your application with next.config.js.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"appDir\",\"description\":\"Enable the App Router to use layouts, streaming, and more.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/appDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"assetPrefix\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the assetPrefix config option to configure your CDN.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/assetPrefix\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"basePath\",\"description\":\"Use `basePath` to deploy a Next.js application under a sub-path of a domain.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/basePath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"compress\",\"description\":\"Next.js provides gzip compression to compress rendered content and static files, it only works with the server target. Learn more about it here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/compress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"crossOrigin\",\"description\":\"Use the `crossOrigin` option to add a crossOrigin tag on the `script` tags generated by `next/script`.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/crossOrigin\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cssChunking\",\"description\":\"Use the `cssChunking` option to control how CSS files are chunked in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/cssChunking\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"devIndicators\",\"description\":\"Optimized pages include an indicator to let you know if it's being statically optimized. You can opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/devIndicators\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"distDir\",\"description\":\"Set a custom build directory to use instead of the default .next directory.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/distDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"env\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application at build time.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/env\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"eslint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. Learn how to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/eslint\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"expireTime\",\"description\":\"Customize stale-while-revalidate expire time for ISR enabled pages.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/expireTime\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"exportPathMap\",\"description\":\"Customize the pages that will be exported as HTML files when using `next export`.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/exportPathMap\",\"version\":\"legacy\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateBuildId\",\"description\":\"Configure the build id, which is used to identify the current build in which your application is being served.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/generateBuildId\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"generateEtags\",\"description\":\"Next.js will generate etags for every page by default. Learn more about how to disable etag generation here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/generateEtags\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"headers\",\"description\":\"Add custom HTTP headers to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/headers\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"httpAgentOptions\",\"description\":\"Next.js will automatically use HTTP Keep-Alive by default. Learn more about how to disable HTTP Keep-Alive here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/httpAgentOptions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"images\",\"description\":\"Custom configuration for the next/image loader\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"cacheHandler\",\"description\":\"Configure the Next.js cache used for storing and revalidating data to use any external service like Redis, Memcached, or others.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/incrementalCacheHandlerPath\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"logging\",\"description\":\"Configure how data fetches are logged to the console when running Next.js in development mode.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/logging\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"mdxRs\",\"description\":\"Use the new Rust compiler to compile MDX files in the App Router.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/mdxRs\",\"version\":\"experimental.\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"onDemandEntries\",\"description\":\"Configure how Next.js will dispose and keep in memory pages created in development.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/onDemandEntries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"optimizePackageImports\",\"description\":\"API Reference for optimizePackageImports Next.js Config Option\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/optimizePackageImports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"output\",\"description\":\"Next.js automatically traces which files are needed by each page to allow for easy deployment of your application. Learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/output\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"pageExtensions\",\"description\":\"Extend the default page extensions used by Next.js when resolving pages in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/pageExtensions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"poweredByHeader\",\"description\":\"Next.js will add the `x-powered-by` header by default. Learn to opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/poweredByHeader\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"ppr\",\"description\":\"Learn how to enable Partial Prerendering in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/ppr\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"productionBrowserSourceMaps\",\"description\":\"Enables browser source map generation during the production build.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/productionBrowserSourceMaps\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"reactCompiler\",\"description\":\"Enable the React Compiler to automatically optimize component rendering.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/reactCompiler\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"reactMaxHeadersLength\",\"description\":\"The maximum length of the headers that are emitted by React and added to the response.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/reactMaxHeadersLength\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"reactStrictMode\",\"description\":\"The complete Next.js runtime is now Strict Mode-compliant, learn how to opt-in\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/reactStrictMode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"redirects\",\"description\":\"Add redirects to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/redirects\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"rewrites\",\"description\":\"Add rewrites to your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/rewrites\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"sassOptions\",\"description\":\"Configure Sass options.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/sassOptions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverActions\",\"description\":\"Configure Server Actions behavior in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/serverActions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverComponentsHmrCache\",\"description\":\"Configure whether fetch responses in Server Components are cached across HMR refresh requests.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/serverComponentsHmrCache\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"serverExternalPackages\",\"description\":\"Opt-out specific dependencies from the Server Components bundling and use native Node.js `require`.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/serverExternalPackages\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"staleTimes\",\"description\":\"Learn how to override the invalidation time of the Client Router Cache.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/staleTimes\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"staticGeneration*\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure static generation in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/staticGeneration\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"trailingSlash\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js pages to resolve with or without a trailing slash.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/trailingSlash\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"transpilePackages\",\"description\":\"Automatically transpile and bundle dependencies from local packages (like monorepos) or from external dependencies (`node_modules`).\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/transpilePackages\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"turbo\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js with Turbopack-specific options\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/turbo\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"typedRoutes\",\"description\":\"Enable experimental support for statically typed links.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/typedRoutes\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"typescript\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports TypeScript errors by default. Learn to opt-out of this behavior here.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/typescript\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"urlImports\",\"description\":\"Configure Next.js to allow importing modules from external URLs.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/urlImports\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"useLightningcss\",\"description\":\"Enable experimental support for Lightning CSS.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/useLightningcss\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webpack\",\"description\":\"Learn how to customize the webpack config used by Next.js\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/webpack\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"webVitalsAttribution\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the webVitalsAttribution option to pinpoint the source of Web Vitals issues.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/next-config-js/webVitalsAttribution\",\"version\":\"experimental\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"CLI\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Next.js Command Line Interface (CLI) tools.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/cli\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"create-next-app\",\"description\":\"Create Next.js apps using one command with the create-next-app CLI.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/cli/create-next-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"next CLI\",\"description\":\"Learn how to run and build your application with the Next.js CLI.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/cli/next\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Edge Runtime\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Edge Runtime.\",\"path\":\"app/api-reference/edge\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Getting Started\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create full-stack web applications with Next.js with the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/getting-started\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Installation\",\"description\":\"How to create a new Next.js application with `create-next-app`. Set up TypeScript, ESLint,and configure your `next.config.js` file.\",\"path\":\"pages/getting-started/installation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Project Structure\",\"description\":\"Learn about the folder and file conventions in a Next.js project, and how to organize your project.\",\"path\":\"pages/getting-started/project-structure\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Building Your Application\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Next.js features to build your application.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Routing\",\"description\":\"Learn the fundamentals of routing for front-end applications with the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/routing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Pages and Layouts\",\"description\":\"Create your first page and shared layout with the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/routing/pages-and-layouts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Dynamic Routes\",\"description\":\"Dynamic Routes are pages that allow you to add custom params to your URLs. 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Learn more here.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/routing/internationalization\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Middleware\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Middleware to run code before a request is completed.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/routing/middleware\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Rendering\",\"description\":\"Learn the fundamentals of rendering in React and Next.js.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/rendering\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Server-side Rendering (SSR)\",\"description\":\"Use Server-side Rendering to render pages on each request.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/rendering/server-side-rendering\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Site Generation (SSG)\",\"description\":\"Use Static Site Generation (SSG) to pre-render pages at build time.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/rendering/static-site-generation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Automatic Static Optimization\",\"description\":\"Next.js automatically optimizes your app to be static HTML whenever possible. Learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/rendering/automatic-static-optimization\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Client-side Rendering (CSR)\",\"description\":\"Learn how to implement client-side rendering in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/rendering/client-side-rendering\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Edge and Node.js Runtimes\",\"description\":\"Learn more about the switchable runtimes (Edge and Node.js) in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/rendering/edge-and-nodejs-runtimes\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Data Fetching\",\"description\":\"Next.js allows you to fetch data in multiple ways, with pre-rendering, server-side rendering or static-site generation, and incremental static regeneration. 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Learn more about this API for data fetching in Next.js.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/get-static-paths\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Forms and Mutations\",\"description\":\"Learn how to handle form submissions and data mutations with Next.js.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/forms-and-mutations\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"getServerSideProps\",\"description\":\"Fetch data on each request with `getServerSideProps`.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/get-server-side-props\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR)\",\"description\":\"Learn how to create or update static pages at runtime with Incremental Static Regeneration.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/incremental-static-regeneration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Client-side Fetching\",\"description\":\"Learn about client-side data fetching, and how to use SWR, a data fetching React hook library that handles caching, revalidation, focus tracking, refetching on interval and more.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/data-fetching/client-side\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Styling\",\"description\":\"Learn the different ways you can style your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/styling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"CSS\",\"description\":\"Style your Next.js Application using CSS.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/styling/css\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Tailwind CSS\",\"description\":\"Style your Next.js Application using Tailwind CSS.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/styling/tailwind-css\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"CSS-in-JS\",\"description\":\"Use CSS-in-JS libraries with Next.js\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/styling/css-in-js\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Sass\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use Sass in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/styling/sass\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Optimizing\",\"description\":\"Optimize your Next.js application for best performance and user experience.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Images\",\"description\":\"Optimize your images with the built-in `next/image` component.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/images\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Fonts\",\"description\":\"Optimize your application's web fonts with the built-in `next/font` loaders.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/fonts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Scripts\",\"description\":\"Optimize 3rd party scripts with the built-in Script component.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/scripts\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Assets\",\"description\":\"Next.js allows you to serve static files, like images, in the public directory. You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/static-assets\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Bundling\",\"description\":\"Learn how to optimize your application's server and client bundles.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/package-bundling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Analytics\",\"description\":\"Measure and track page performance using Next.js Speed Insights\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/analytics\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Lazy Loading\",\"description\":\"Lazy load imported libraries and React Components to improve your application's overall loading performance.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/lazy-loading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Instrumentation\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use instrumentation to run code at server startup in your Next.js app\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/instrumentation\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"OpenTelemetry\",\"description\":\"Learn how to instrument your Next.js app with OpenTelemetry.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/open-telemetry\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Third Party Libraries\",\"description\":\"Optimize the performance of third-party libraries in your application with the `@next/third-parties` package.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/optimizing/third-party-libraries\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Configuring\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Environment Variables\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/environment-variables\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"src Directory\",\"description\":\"Save pages under the `src` directory as an alternative to the root `pages` directory.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/src-directory\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"MDX\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure MDX to write JSX in your markdown files.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/mdx\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"AMP\",\"description\":\"With minimal config, and without leaving React, you can start adding AMP and improve the performance and speed of your pages.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/amp\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Babel\",\"description\":\"Extend the babel preset added by Next.js with your own configs.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/babel\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"PostCSS\",\"description\":\"Extend the PostCSS config and plugins added by Next.js with your own.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/post-css\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Custom Server\",\"description\":\"Start a Next.js app programmatically using a custom server.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/custom-server\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Draft Mode\",\"description\":\"Next.js has draft mode to toggle between static and dynamic pages. You can learn how it works with Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/draft-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Error Handling\",\"description\":\"Handle errors in your Next.js app.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/error-handling\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Preview Mode\",\"description\":\"Next.js has the preview mode for statically generated pages. You can learn how it works here.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/preview-mode\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Content Security Policy\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set a Content Security Policy (CSP) for your Next.js application.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/content-security-policy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Debugging\",\"description\":\"Learn how to debug your Next.js application with VS Code or Chrome DevTools.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/configuring/debugging\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Testing\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with three commonly used testing tools — Cypress, Playwright, Vitest, and Jest.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/testing\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Vitest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Vitest and React Testing Library - two popular unit testing libraries.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/testing/vitest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Jest\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Jest for Unit Testing.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/testing/jest\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Playwright\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Playwright for End-to-End (E2E) and Integration testing.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/testing/playwright\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Cypress\",\"description\":\"Learn how to set up Next.js with Cypress for End-to-End (E2E) and Component Testing.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/testing/cypress\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Authentication\",\"description\":\"Learn how to implement authentication in Next.js, covering best practices, securing routes, authorization techniques, and session management.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/authentication\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Deploying\",\"description\":\"Learn how to deploy your Next.js app to production, either managed or self-hosted.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/deploying\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Production Checklist\",\"description\":\"Recommendations to ensure the best performance and user experience before taking your Next.js application to production.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/deploying/production-checklist\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Static Exports\",\"description\":\"Next.js enables starting as a static site or Single-Page Application (SPA), then later optionally upgrading to use features that require a server.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/deploying/static-exports\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Multi-Zones\",\"description\":\"Learn how to build micro-frontends using Next.js Multi-Zones to deploy multiple Next.js apps under a single domain.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/deploying/multi-zones\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Continuous Integration (CI) Build Caching\",\"description\":\"Learn how to configure CI to cache Next.js builds\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/deploying/ci-build-caching\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Upgrading\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade to the latest versions of Next.js.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Codemods\",\"description\":\"Use codemods to upgrade your Next.js codebase when new features are released.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/codemods\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"From Pages to App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to upgrade your existing Next.js application from the Pages Router to the App Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/app-router-migration\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Vite\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Vite to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/from-vite\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Migrating from Create React App\",\"description\":\"Learn how to migrate your existing React application from Create React App to Next.js.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/from-create-react-app\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 14\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 13 to 14.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-14\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 13\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 12 to 13.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-13\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 12\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 11 to Version 12.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-12\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 11\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 10 to Version 11.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-11\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 10\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 9 to Version 10.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-10\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"Version 9\",\"description\":\"Upgrade your Next.js Application from Version 8 to Version 9.\",\"path\":\"pages/building-your-application/upgrading/version-9\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]}]},{\"title\":\"API Reference\",\"description\":\"Next.js API Reference for the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Components\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Next.js built-in components in the Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"Font\",\"description\":\"API Reference for the Font Module\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components/font\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cForm\u003e\",\"description\":\"Learn how to use the `\u003cForm\u003e` component to handle form submissions and search params updates with client-side navigation.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components/form\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cHead\u003e\",\"description\":\"Add custom elements to the `head` of your page with the built-in Head component.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components/head\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize Images in your Next.js Application using the built-in `next/image` Component.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components/image\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cImage\u003e (Legacy)\",\"description\":\"Backwards compatible Image Optimization with the Legacy Image component.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components/image-legacy\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cLink\u003e\",\"description\":\"API reference for the \u003cLink\u003e component.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components/link\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"\u003cScript\u003e\",\"description\":\"Optimize third-party scripts in your Next.js application using the built-in `next/script` Component.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/components/script\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]}]},{\"title\":\"Functions\",\"description\":\"API Reference for Functions and Hooks in Pages Router.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/functions\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[{\"title\":\"getInitialProps\",\"description\":\"Fetch dynamic data on the server for your React component with getInitialProps.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/functions/get-initial-props\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"getServerSideProps\",\"description\":\"API reference for `getServerSideProps`. 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You can opt-out of it here.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/next-config-js/devIndicators\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"distDir\",\"description\":\"Set a custom build directory to use instead of the default .next directory.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/next-config-js/distDir\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"env\",\"description\":\"Learn to add and access environment variables in your Next.js application at build time.\",\"path\":\"pages/api-reference/next-config-js/env\",\"version\":\"$undefined\",\"children\":[]},{\"title\":\"eslint\",\"description\":\"Next.js reports ESLint errors and warnings during builds by default. 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}))\"}],[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"style\":{\"color\":\"var(--shiki-token-function)\"},\"children\":\".toBeDefined\"}],[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"style\":{\"color\":\"var(--shiki-color-text)\"},\"children\":\"()\"}]]}],\"\\n\",[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"line\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"style\":{\"color\":\"var(--shiki-color-text)\"},\"children\":\"})\"}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"blockquote\",null,{\"className\":\"p-3 text-sm\",\"children\":[\"\\n\",[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"strong\",null,{\"children\":\"Good to know\"}],\": The example above uses the common \",[\"$\",\"code\",null,{\"children\":\"__tests__\"}],\" convention, but test files can also be colocated inside the \",[\"$\",\"code\",null,{\"children\":\"app\"}],\" router.\"]}],\"\\n\"]}]],\"\\n\",null,\"\\n\",[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"id\":\"running-your-tests\",\"data-docs-heading\":\"\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"#running-your-tests\",\"children\":[\"Running your 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\",[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"fill\":\"none\",\"strokeLinecap\":\"round\",\"strokeLinejoin\":\"round\",\"strokeMiterlimit\":\"10\",\"d\":\"M7.005,8.995 L7.005,8.995c-1.374-1.374-1.374-3.601,0-4.975l1.99-1.99c1.374-1.374,3.601-1.374,4.975,0l0,0c1.374,1.374,1.374,3.601,0,4.975 l-1.748,1.698\"}],\"\\n \"]}],\"\\n\"]}]}]]}]}],\"\\n\",[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"children\":\"You may find these resources helpful:\"}],\"\\n\",[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"children\":[\"\\n\",[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"https://github.com/vercel/next.js/tree/canary/examples/with-vitest\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"children\":[\"Next.js with Vitest 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Docs\",[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"inline-flex\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"className\":\"with-icon_icon__MHUeb\",\"data-testid\":\"geist-icon\",\"fill\":\"none\",\"height\":24,\"shapeRendering\":\"geometricPrecision\",\"stroke\":\"currentColor\",\"strokeLinecap\":\"round\",\"strokeLinejoin\":\"round\",\"strokeWidth\":1.5,\"viewBox\":\"0 0 24 24\",\"width\":24,\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"\u003cpath d=\\\"M7 17L17 7\\\"/\u003e\u003cpath d=\\\"M7 7h10v10\\\"/\u003e\"},\"style\":{\"color\":\"currentColor\",\"verticalAlign\":\"$undefined\",\"width\":14,\"height\":14}}]}]]}]}],\"\\n\",[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"https://testing-library.com/docs/react-testing-library/intro/\",\"rel\":\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"children\":[\"React Testing Library 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