CC and Communia Statement on Transparency in the EU AI Act

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href="https://opensource.creativecommons.org/" target="_blank">Open Source</a> <p>Help us build products that maximize creativity and innovation</p> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </header> <span id="main-content-marker"></span> <main> <header> <h1>CC and Communia Statement on Transparency in the EU AI Act</h1> <span class="byline">by <a href="https://creativecommons.org/person/cc/">Creative Commons</a> </span>  <span class="categories"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/category/policy/better-internet/" rel="category tag">Better Internet</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/category/licenses-tools/" rel="category tag">Licenses & Tools</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/category/open-culture/" rel="category tag">Open Culture</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/category/open-knowledge/" rel="category tag">Open Knowledge</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/category/technology/" rel="category tag">Technology</a></span>  </header>  <figure id="post-65965 media-65965" class="align-right"><img decoding="async" class="alignright" src="https://creativecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/EUAI-300x169.png" alt="An abstract European Union flag of diffused gold stars linked by golden neural pathways on a deep blue mottled background." /><figcaption class="attribution">“EU Flag Neural Network” by Creative Commons was cropped from an image generated by the DALL-E 2 AI platform with the text prompt “European Union flag neural network.” CC dedicates any rights it holds to the image to the public domain via <a href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The European Union’s Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act will be discussed at a key trilogue meeting on 24 October 2023 — a trilogue is a meeting bringing together the three bodies of the European Union for the last phase of negotiations: the European Commission, the European Council and the European Parliament. CC collaborated with Communia to summarize our views emphasizing the importance of a balanced and tailored approach to regulating foundation models and of transparency in general. Additional organizations that support public interest AI policy have also signed to support these positions.</p> <h2>Statement on Transparency in the AI Act</h2> <p>The undersigned are civil society organizations advocating in the public interest, and representing knowledge users and creative communities.</p> <p>We are encouraged that the Spanish Presidency is considering how to tailor its approach to foundation models more carefully, including an emphasis on transparency. We reiterate that copyright is not the only prism through which reporting and transparency requirements should be seen in the AI Act.</p> <h3>General transparency responsibilities for training data</h3> <p>Greater openness and transparency in the development of AI models can serve the public interest and facilitate better sharing by building trust among creators and users. As such, we generally support more transparency around the training data for regulated AI systems, and not only on training data that is protected by copyright.</p> <h3>Copyright balance</h3> <p>We also believe that the existing copyright flexibilities for the use of copyrighted materials as training data must be upheld. The 2019 Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market and specifically its provisions on text-and-data mining exceptions for scientific research purposes and for general purposes provide a suitable framework for AI training. They offer legal certainty and strike the right balance between the rights of rightsholders and the freedoms necessary to stimulate scientific research and further creativity and innovation.</p> <h3>Proportionate approach</h3> <p>We support a proportionate, realistic, and practical approach to meeting the transparency obligation, which would put less onerous burdens on smaller players including non-commercial players and SMEs, as well as models developed using FOSS, in order not to stifle innovation in AI development. Too burdensome an obligation on such players may create significant barriers to innovation and drive market concentration, leading the development of AI to only occur within a small number of large, well-resourced commercial operators.</p> <h3>Lack of clarity on copyright transparency obligation</h3> <p>We welcome the proposal to require AI developers to disclose the copyright compliance policies followed during the training of regulated AI systems. We are still concerned with the lack of clarity on the scope and content of the obligation to provide a detailed summary of the training data. AI developers should not be expected to literally list out every item in the training content. We maintain that such level of detail is not practical, nor is it necessary for implementing opt-outs and assessing compliance with the general purpose text-and-data mining exception. We would welcome further clarification by the co-legislators on this obligation. In addition, an independent and accountable entity, such as the foreseen AI Office, should develop processes to implement it.</p> <h3>Signatories</h3> <ul> <li aria-level="1"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/">Creative Commons</a></li> <li aria-level="1"><a href="https://communia-association.org/">Communia Association</a></li> <li aria-level="1"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Europe">Wikimedia Europe</a></li> </ul>  <div class="closing"> <p>Like the rest of the world, CC has been watching generative AI and trying to understand the many complex issues raised by these amazing new tools. We are especially focused on the intersection of copyright law and generative AI. How can CC’s strategy for <em style="font-style: italic"><a href="/mission/">better sharing</a></em> support the development of this technology while also respecting the work of human creators? How can we ensure AI operates in a <em style="font-style: italic"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/2022/10/25/a-better-internet-for-better-sharing-join-the-movement-for-a-better-internet/">better internet</a></em> for everyone? We are exploring these issues in a series of blog posts by the CC team and invited guests that look at concerns related to AI inputs (training data), AI outputs (works created by AI tools), and the ways that people use AI. Read <a href="https://creativecommons.org/2023/02/06/better-sharing-for-generative-ai/">our overview on generative AI</a> or see <a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/ai/">all our posts on AI</a>.</p> <p><em>Note: We use “artificial intelligence” and “AI” as shorthand terms for what we know is a complex field of technologies and practices, currently involving machine learning and large language models (LLMs). Using the abbreviation “AI” is handy, but not ideal, because we recognize that AI is not really “artificial” (in that AI is created and used by humans), nor “intelligent” (at least in the way we think of human intelligence).</em></p> </div> <span class="pub-date">Posted 23 October 2023</span> <article class="tags"> <h2>Tags</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/ai/">AI</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/ai-act/">AI Act</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/artificial-intelligence/">artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/communia/">communia</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/eu/">EU</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/european-commission/">European Commission</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/european-council/">European Council</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/european-parliament/">European Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/european-union/">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/generative-ai/">Generative AI</a></li> <li><a href="https://creativecommons.org/tag/legislation/">legislation</a></li> </ul> </article> <article class="related-posts"> <h2>Related posts</h2> <article class="authored-posts highlight"> <article> <header> <h2><a href="https://creativecommons.org/2024/11/14/top-questions-about-open-culture-answered-in-five-short-videos/">Top Questions about Open Culture Answered in Five Short Videos</a></h2> <span class="byline">by <a href="https://creativecommons.org/person/connorbenedict/">Connor Benedict</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/person/brigittevezina/">Brigitte Vézina</a> </span> <span class="categories"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/category/open-culture/" rel="category tag">Open Culture</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/category/open-culture/open-heritage/" rel="category tag">Open Heritage</a> 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