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id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" aria-label="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="พิเศษ:ค้นหา"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ค้นหา</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="หน้าตา" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">หน้าตา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ผลผลิตจากการสลาย</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 31 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vervalproduk" title="Vervalproduk – แอฟริกานส์" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vervalproduk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="แอฟริกานส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producto_de_desintegraci%C3%B3n" title="Producto de desintegración – อารากอน" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Producto de desintegración" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="อารากอน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AC_%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84" title="ناتج اضمحلال – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ناتج اضمحلال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productu_de_desintegraci%C3%B3n" title="Productu de desintegración – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Productu de desintegración" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produkt_raspada" title="Produkt raspada – บอสเนีย" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Produkt raspada" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="บอสเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producte_de_desintegraci%C3%B3" title="Producte de desintegració – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Producte de desintegració" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henfaldsprodukt" title="Henfaldsprodukt – เดนมาร์ก" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Henfaldsprodukt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="เดนมาร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay_product" title="Decay product – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Decay product" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Producto_de_decaimiento" title="Producto de decaimiento – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Producto de decaimiento" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="محصول واپاشی – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="محصول واپاشی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produit_de_d%C3%A9sint%C3%A9gration" title="Produit de désintégration – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Produit de désintégration" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produk_peluruhan" title="Produk peluruhan – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Produk peluruhan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B4%A9%E5%A3%8A%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E7%89%A9" title="崩壊生成物 – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="崩壊生成物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%95%EA%B4%B4_%EC%83%9D%EC%84%B1%EB%AC%BC" title="붕괴 생성물 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="붕괴 생성물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vervalperduk" title="Vervalperduk – ลิมเบิร์ก" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vervalperduk" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ลิมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Распаден производ – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Распаден производ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verfallsprodukt" title="Verfallsprodukt – เยอรมันต่ำ" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Verfallsprodukt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมันต่ำ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vervalproduct" title="Vervalproduct – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vervalproduct" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nedbrytingsprodukt" title="Nedbrytingsprodukt – นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nedbrytingsprodukt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produkt_rozpadu" title="Produkt rozpadu – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Produkt rozpadu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produto_de_decaimento" title="Produto de decaimento – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Produto de decaimento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produs_de_dezintegrare" title="Produs de dezintegrare – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Produs de dezintegrare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay_product" title="Decay product – สกอตส์" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Decay product" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="สกอตส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay_product" title="Decay product – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Decay product" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Produkt_raspada" title="Produkt raspada – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Produkt raspada" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6nderfallsprodukt" title="Sönderfallsprodukt – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sönderfallsprodukt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="சிதைவு விளைபொருள் – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிதைவு விளைபொருள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF" title="రేడియోధార్మిక క్షయ ఉత్పత్తి – เตลูกู" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రేడియోధార్మిక క్షయ ఉత్పత్తి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="เตลูกู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bozunma_%C3%BCr%C3%BCn%C3%BC" title="Bozunma ürünü – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bozunma ürünü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BA%A3n_ph%E1%BA%A9m_ph%C3%A2n_r%C3%A3" title="Sản phẩm phân rã – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sản phẩm phân rã" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="衰变产物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q191637#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="เนมสเปซ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Thorium_decay_chain_from_lead-212_to_lead-208.svg/330px-Thorium_decay_chain_from_lead-212_to_lead-208.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Thorium_decay_chain_from_lead-212_to_lead-208.svg/440px-Thorium_decay_chain_from_lead-212_to_lead-208.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3254" data-file-height="4327" /></a><figcaption>ห่วงโซ่การสลายจาก ตะกั่ว-212 ลงไปจนถึง ตะกั่ว-208, แสดงผลผลิตการสลายช่วงกลาง</figcaption></figure> <p>ใน <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ฟิสิกส์นิวเคลียร์">ฟิสิกส์นิวเคลียร์</a> <b>ผลผลิตจากการสลาย</b> (หรือที่รู้จักกันในชื่อ <b>ผลผลิตลูก</b>, <b>ไอโซโทปลูก</b>, หรือ <b>นิวไคลด์ลูก</b>) เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="นิวไคลด์">นิวไคลด์</a>ส่วนที่เหลือจากกระบวนการ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="การสลายให้กัมมันตรังสี">การสลายให้กัมมันตรังสี</a> การสลายกัมมันตรังสีมักจะดำเนินการผ่านลำดับขั้นตอนของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="ห่วงโซ่การสลาย">ห่วงโซ่การสลาย</a> ยกตัวอย่างเช่น <sup>238</sup>U สลายตัวไปเป็น <sup>234</sup>Th ซึ่งจะสลายต่อไปเป็น <sup>234m</sup>Pa ที่จะสลายต่อไปเรื่อย ๆ จนถึง <sup>206</sup>Pb (ซึ่งเสถียร) ตามสมการ </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mbox{U-238}}\rightarrow \overbrace {\underbrace {\mbox{Th-234}} _{\mbox{Daughter of U-238}}\rightarrow \underbrace {\mbox{Pa-234m}} _{\mbox{Granddaughter of U-238}}\rightarrow \ldots \rightarrow {\mbox{Pb-206}}} ^{\begin{array}{c}{\mbox{Decay products of U-238}}\end{array}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>U-238</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"> <mover> <mrow> <munder> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"> <munder> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Th-234</mtext> </mstyle> <mo>⏟</mo> </munder> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Daughter of U-238</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </munder> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <munder> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"> <munder> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Pa-234m</mtext> </mstyle> <mo>⏟</mo> </munder> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Granddaughter of U-238</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </munder> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mo>…</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Pb-206</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>⏞</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtable rowspacing="4pt" columnspacing="1em"> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>Decay products of U-238</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </mover> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mbox{U-238}}\rightarrow \overbrace {\underbrace {\mbox{Th-234}} _{\mbox{Daughter of U-238}}\rightarrow \underbrace {\mbox{Pa-234m}} _{\mbox{Granddaughter of U-238}}\rightarrow \ldots \rightarrow {\mbox{Pb-206}}} ^{\begin{array}{c}{\mbox{Decay products of U-238}}\end{array}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6ea5804ca5c863829a4814cc942609c9e4bcef70" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -4.671ex; margin-right: -0.028ex; width:73.5ex; height:10.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mbox{U-238}}\rightarrow \overbrace {\underbrace {\mbox{Th-234}} _{\mbox{Daughter of U-238}}\rightarrow \underbrace {\mbox{Pa-234m}} _{\mbox{Granddaughter of U-238}}\rightarrow \ldots \rightarrow {\mbox{Pb-206}}} ^{\begin{array}{c}{\mbox{Decay products of U-238}}\end{array}}}"></span> </p><p>ในตัวอย่างนี้: </p> <ul><li><sup>234</sup>Th, <sup>234m</sup>Pa,..., <sup>206</sup>Pb เป็นผลผลิตทั้งหลายจากการสลายตัวของ <sup>238</sup>U</li> <li><sup>234</sup>Th เป็นลูกของแม่ <sup>238</sup>U</li> <li><sup>234m</sup>Pa (234 metastable) เป็นหลานสาวของ <sup>238</sup>U</li></ul> <p>ผลผลิตเหล่านี้ยังอาจเรียกว่าเป็นผลผลิตลูกทั้งหมดของ <sup>238</sup>U <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ผลผลิตจากการสลายตัวมีความสำคัญในการทำความเข้าใจกับการสลายให้กัมมันตรังสีและการจัดการกับ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5" title="กากกัมมันตรังสี">กากกัมมันตรังสี</a> </p><p>สำหรับองค์ประกอบอื่น ๆที่มี<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1" title="เลขอะตอม">เลขอะตอม</a>มากกว่า<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7" title="ตะกั่ว">ตะกั่ว</a>, ห่วงโซ่การสลายมักจะสิ้นสุดลงด้วย<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%9B" title="ไอโซโทป">ไอโซโทป</a>ของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="แทลเลียม">แทลเลียม</a>หรือตะกั่ว </p><p>ในหลายกรณีสมาชิกของห่วงโซ่การสลายตัวเป็นนิวไคลด์ที่มีกัมมันตรังสีมากกว่านิวไคลด์ดั้งเดิมอย่างมาก ดังนั้นแม้ว่ายูเรเนียมจะไม่เป็นอันตรายจากกัมมันตรังสีเมื่อมันบริสุทธิ์ บางชิ้นของแร่<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ยูเรนิไนต์ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ยูเรนิไนต์</a>ที่เกิดขึ้นตามธรรมชาติจะมีอันตรายมากเนื่องจากเนื้อแร่ของพวกมันเป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="เรเดียม">เรเดียม</a> ในทำนองเดียวกัน <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ผิวนอกของก๊าซ (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">ผิวนอกของก๊าซ</a><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ทอเรียม">ทอเรียม</a> ก็มีกัมมันตรังสีเล็กน้อยมากเมื่อมันยังใหม่อยู่ แต่มันจะกลายเป็นมีกัมมันตรังสีมากขึ้นหลังจากเก็บไว้เพียงไม่กี่เดือน </p><p>แม้ว่ามันจะไม่สามารถคาดการณ์ได้ว่าอะตอมของสารกัมมันตรังสีใดจะสลายตัวในเวลาใด ผลผลิตจากการสลายตัวของสารกัมมันตรังสีจะสามารถคาดการณ์ได้อย่างชัดเจน ด้วยเหตุนี้ผลผลิตจากสลายตัวมีความสำคัญต่อนักวิทยาศาสตร์ในหลายสาขา พวกเขาจำเป็นต้องรู้ปริมาณหรือประเภทของผลิตภัณฑ์พ่อแม่ การศึกษาดังกล่าวจะถูกดำเนินการเพื่อวัดระดับของมลพิษ (ภายในและรอบ ๆ โรงงานนิวเคลียร์) และสำหรับเรื่องราวอื่น ๆ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/library/randrep/du/mr1018.7.gloss.html">Glossary of Volume 7</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170103181840/http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/library/randrep/du/mr1018.7.gloss.html">เก็บถาวร</a> 2017-01-03 ที่ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน">เวย์แบ็กแมชชีน</a> (<i>Depleted Uranium</i> — authors: Naomi H. Harley, Ernest C. Foulkes, Lee H. Hilborne, Arlene Hudson, and C. Ross Anthony) of <i>A review of the scientific literature as it pertains to gulf war illnesses</i>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">เข้าถึงจาก "<a dir="ltr" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ผลผลิตจากการสลาย&oldid=10125113">https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ผลผลิตจากการสลาย&oldid=10125113</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" title="พิเศษ:หมวดหมู่">หมวดหมู่</a>: <ul><li><a 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