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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definitie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definitie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definitie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definitie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Literatuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgave" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Levend verlies</b> is een chronische vorm van <a href="/wiki/Rouw" title="Rouw">rouw</a> als reactie op een permanente levensveranderende verlieservaring. Het onderscheidt zich van andere vormen van rouw door de chroniciteit van het verdriet.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Levend verlies komt hoofdzakelijk voor bij personen, of naasten van personen, met een <a href="/wiki/Handicap_(medisch)" class="mw-redirect" title="Handicap (medisch)">handicap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verslaving" title="Verslaving">verslaving</a>, een <a href="/wiki/Chronische_ziekte" title="Chronische ziekte">chronische ziekte</a> of <a href="/wiki/Psychische_aandoening" title="Psychische aandoening">psychische aandoening</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Nederlandse term werd in 2017 bedacht door de Belgische <a href="/wiki/Klinisch_psycholoog" title="Klinisch psycholoog">klinisch-psycholoog</a> <a href="/wiki/Manu_Keirse" title="Manu Keirse">Manu Keirse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitie">Definitie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levend_verlies&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Definitie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levend_verlies&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Definitie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Levend verlies staat in het Engels ook bekend als <i>chronic sorrow</i> of <i>living loss.</i> De term <i>chronic sorrow</i> werd in 1962 bedacht door Simon Olshansky die onderzoek deed naar de gevoelens van ouders van kinderen met een handicap.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1998 werd de <i>Theory of chronic sorrow</i> ontwikkeld door Georgene Gaskill Eakes, Mary Lermann Burke and Margaret A. Hainsworth.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zij omschreven het als: <i>"de aanwezigheid van doordringende gevoelens die verband houden met verdriet waarvan is vastgesteld dat ze periodiek voorkomen gedurende het leven van personen met chronische gezondheidsproblemen, hun mantelzorgers en de nabestaanden."</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De theorie stelt dat levend verlies een normale reactie is op een verlieservaring en ondersteuning geboden kan worden door middel van het inzetten van positieve <a href="/wiki/Coping_(psychologie)" title="Coping (psychologie)">coping-strategieën</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Volgens klinisch-psycholoog Manu Keirse is levend verlies een verlies dat nooit overgaat, dat voortdurend voortschrijdt en te vergelijken is met een rouwproces.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In tegenstelling tot bij rouw na een overlijden, waar de intensiteit van het verdriet in de loop van de tijd afneemt, kan bij levend verlies de intensiteit van het verdriet ook toenemen.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bij levend verlies worden de persoon en diens naasten telkens opnieuw geconfronteerd met beperkingen en moeten zij voortdurend hun toekomstbeeld bijstellen.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Levend verlies is geen diagnose en moet niet verward worden met een <a href="/wiki/Persisterende_rouwstoornis" title="Persisterende rouwstoornis">persisterende rouwstoornis</a> (<i>Prolonged grief disorder</i>) die benoemd wordt in de <a href="/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" title="Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders">DSM-5</a>, aangezien deze verwijst naar een vorm van complexe rouw die voorkomt na een overlijden.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatuur">Literatuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levend_verlies&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Literatuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levend_verlies&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Literatuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Keirse, M. (2017). <i>Helpen bij verlies en verdriet: een gids voor het gezin en de hulpverlener</i>. Lannoo Meulenhoff - Belgium.</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/navigating-the-serpentine-path/202212/a-grief-that-never-ends-chronic-sorrow">A Grief That Never Ends: Chronic Sorrow | Psychology Today</a>. <i>www.psychologytoday.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230911074120/https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/navigating-the-serpentine-path/202212/a-grief-that-never-ends-chronic-sorrow">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-09-11">11 september 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dewereldmorgen.be/community/leven-verlies-in-gesprek-met-manu-keirse-over-chronisch-verdriet/">Levend verlies: in gesprek met Manu Keirse over chronisch verdriet</a>. <i>DeWereldMorgen.be</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-03-20">20 maart 2020</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413145948/https://www.dewereldmorgen.be/community/leven-verlies-in-gesprek-met-manu-keirse-over-chronisch-verdriet/">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kennispleingehandicaptensector.nl/tips-tools/tools/onderzoek-levend-verlies">Onderzoek 'Levend Verlies'</a>. <i>Kennisplein Gehandicaptensector</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2020-08-06">6 augustus 2020</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413145941/https://www.kennispleingehandicaptensector.nl/tips-tools/tools/onderzoek-levend-verlies">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Corrina Pauw</span>; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Edith Raap</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413154807/https://proxy.swift.surfsara.nl/live/objectstore/a9e3ed81-a1e8-45ce-a226-b72fd2611284/Levend%20verlies%20in%20het%20onderwijs.pdf?X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=8ea577ad65394dfeb2d62886e3056a36/20230413/NL/s3/aws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20230413T145658Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=945b16d443d4706621a81e3d65f5c8c7fa98e3962aae4f5b8ef12aebdd3d4d6e">Samenwerken met ouders Levend verlies in het onderwijs</a>. <i>JSW</i>. Gearchiveerd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFOlshansky1962"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320" /><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Olshansky, Simon</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"></span>  (1962-04). <cite><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/104438946204300404">Chronic Sorrow: A Response to Having a Mentally Defective Child</a></cite>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230418084259/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/104438946204300404">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-18">18 april 2023</span>. <i>Social Casework</i> 43 (4): 190–193. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0037-7678">0037-7678</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438946204300404">10.1177/104438946204300404</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320" /><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nursingpath.in/2013/04/theory-of-chronic-sorrow.html">Theory of Chronic Sorrow</a>. <i>Nursing Path</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2013-04-24">24 april 2013</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413152409/https://www.nursingpath.in/2013/04/theory-of-chronic-sorrow.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320" /><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Ann M. Schreier</span>; <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Nellie S. Droes</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nursekey.com/theory-of-chronic-sorrow/">Theory of Chronic Sorrow</a>. <i>Nurse Key</i> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-02-09">9 februari 2017</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413151520/https://nursekey.com/theory-of-chronic-sorrow/">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eo.nl/artikel/ik-mis-mijn-vader-al-langer-dan-dat-hij-overleden-is">Rouwsdeskundige Manu Keirse over levend verlies</a>. <i>De EO</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413152037/https://www.eo.nl/artikel/ik-mis-mijn-vader-al-langer-dan-dat-hij-overleden-is">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hersenletsel-uitleg.nl/ermee-omgaan/omgaan-met-verdriet/rouw-bij-nah-levend-verlies">Rouw bij NAH, Levend verlies / Omgaan met verdriet / Ermee omgaan | Hersenletsel-uitleg.nl</a>. <i>www.hersenletsel-uitleg.nl</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413144440/https://www.hersenletsel-uitleg.nl/ermee-omgaan/omgaan-met-verdriet/rouw-bij-nah-levend-verlies">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fondsslachtofferhulp.nl/nieuws/langdurige-rouwstoornis-erkende-aandoening/">Langdurige rouwstoornis vanaf nu erkende aandoening – wat betekent dit voor nabestaanden en therapeuten?</a>. <i>Fonds Slachtofferhulp</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230413210728/https://fondsslachtofferhulp.nl/nieuws/langdurige-rouwstoornis-erkende-aandoening/">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-04-13">13 april 2023</span>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFKristensenDyregrovDyregrov2017"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320" /><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Kristensen, Pål</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">, Dyregrov, Kari, Dyregrov, Atle</span>  (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2017-03-30">30 maart 2017</span>). <cite><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tidsskriftet.no/en/2017/04/klinisk-oversikt/what-distinguishes-prolonged-grief-disorder-depression">What distinguishes prolonged grief disorder from depression?</a></cite>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230603085140/https://tidsskriftet.no/en/2017/04/klinisk-oversikt/what-distinguishes-prolonged-grief-disorder-depression">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-06-03">3 juni 2023</span>. <i>Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening</i> . <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0029-2001">0029-2001</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.16.0629">10.4045/tidsskr.16.0629</a>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Levend_verlies&oldid=67432412">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Levend_verlies&oldid=67432412</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Alles" title="Categorie:Alles">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Psychologie" title="Categorie:Psychologie">Psychologie</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Deze pagina is voor het laatst bewerkt op 24 apr 2024 om 22:16.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.nl">Creative Commons Naamsvermelding/Gelijk delen</a>, er kunnen aanvullende voorwaarden van toepassing zijn. 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