CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913398565b2f5f32',cH: 'vb2di1uaJVbCjyxkk_BwPuEODOxvNuhM59UWmV5lIG0-1739772424-1.2.1.1-tayQeMLnWvWlNRVuEohRpXJggSx0k_lOX9LdddP6CDcaH4IffDhWV7GEFvIXipvn',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=Non-Conformity&__cf_chl_tk=u8SQ_x1UvTEroDvv9pKUEC7caSkMBbMhrTtTnbJ117c-1739772424-1.0.1.1-IHCako2_vXk3OfVW1c9k4OXALCLzy9gqBHeD0ZvOb.E",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739772424',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/search?q=Non-Conformity&__cf_chl_f_tk=u8SQ_x1UvTEroDvv9pKUEC7caSkMBbMhrTtTnbJ117c-1739772424-1.0.1.1-IHCako2_vXk3OfVW1c9k4OXALCLzy9gqBHeD0ZvOb.E",md: "88z5F6gK4cYwl8vGcUE.YPFr_aExl0iWQNN2X.f0RUE-1739772424-1.2.1.1-93TMcrHNPHut18vEMvDb14XY.VCmj1qbOJISlL4Pwd2PT7GeeAaRA7cW3Q._TJVmQckSl6iBI94VibEV5SpSfR1td7fosjNFFO2NuUj.gfQX13otsYkWBdZUgfCZQWGL0Q1U0QTY1M2ihaXJYdbUIz5UEaefPC.SnTwGIAiD5g9gaBZOdz.V_bPgYwAXLcDsY0CTRVXkR35bFFGCD3qyKy3RfHCXO9Nb1yqPOw5KbWYVODZw_cAMBLTZ1ZPyt4puV9qaMqDHGtQQp20AUlgcf8ORub49uNlGKPE8VqO920LUh9Y63js_Bt9QFwpHlxiNm33hWYRaXWFtq3m9pxqc44EBttXqpBiU74.KWN5XVq.lRia2eLPqs9BLuCE4aBmsgpmrLLGFibEDeL_fh_vpSFGh2831e3ZA5.jTdJqpnb9Gno2gZtRRQK_O3qAzWPURIMl1ErIcOE_nHF4XFFseAKLyGMoQstTfj1jGksyfVhx_jlAwAfvSAR3Smw5MfOG9FAMrr4GsiX0oJQ.cMga72o0A_J5bQ1VaDSeYUtJQY.PnPSM75LpFC_TdjL.Ttug1apnp1iw5YQOZpkB_eXFLYCxnocxFZmx4Oq0ySZi87BtvJcXkOP620dOmCZR19F2ENmYWhE4WjTM0oD_UuEbMRsryY4jt4latwLnmoUK4mNk45VbnFm9FObqzJfjQ4tqqQ3NRe44tzGBK8Gzd2Xsg1.N8aqkdE7bbFXL5LR_ZxpZ0gLsb_.6r.BMXFZKY0gtCLW3wDnPNz.Fl7dCSiuhlEExbQjfKsLyqXxUxt5qxJ3uat7k9.bP80kGUA34u2Kpuc99LgByqiJ0EEo4m_NbNnMIzif1m3gbBLs7aoH9DPFenDfHUQ5._bkXI7PGAm0EdobbywDKgM3MpAGbYY38hihK9VgZvGtEjasVl56fZe_ZUBqfZ7rkIJoyjv5vGEGXLSYHbyvOOPLF_pAxwaV_mNn4kPySDUN9nN9v5hB4f.ceUmujA7omPE1sGCFW4gMAwx7FpXr_vy9JR5YxJM6NJkMh5foM3HI6kIPLdOq0Prujcy0mJB7zQ8VAdz2mvzu7IhtV7rE4XhfnTn5VNofUh53_.XMrOH3xBGsgI.hfQ_OODOiDQI6MrwGHXwRmRpnYQuxI91an7o5LjD08jnt0GpvnhTjihvNw52kMEEqi3sd0Qrny.UwL_rkWDXh.cAYsc37GW.qQDgyxFV.7fB8ryRwNQD2cddnzsp1GucLylQvvMeIUMdyxTlYnSO_LWkGcLYczshOk6qmgP6lxOunPd05yLRsgRjuJiWrygwWKUVESUO5mJS9VD8w4wrXxCgraoB9B1S5kr.U5yBsDJTeaLjX4eLEAUE4GuTGW1YuAYyC8b.WxaK1HWAyn9Ua.qsJRud8Kz3yXFlxcA8cqCz5vpuH28U6jBUwyyiIw6GnGGVXp8nWbvsvHut7pPcTwUwAInY.GyQTtmw4srEMcvu5u0gUL_3AHpHnpSPDDCZWs6n4mVzjVkrPVwFndJoZBEj2IZvchXDFtxK9i2dhAFCWipGz9ZA.xtCBO0k3ROl3jtdTIhFGj4KSYxiHmgyrLYZ1GTLkRUoMV9FvlDCy1YR02Ttxz.v_VONUYnuYQaFBUwIiJtKyKd6sJ8AkHsQLn0favgGNntFPwq266PrqbGKABxVn0IdyrmZi1UI4EmJo27OkS.lijN8ulABeq4CdDYpgREX3r5gucdIE9x.ztAimxpl_TyPl_kpnY5RZr.CySQDzdi8rbfdw.Mq_MwDzF_z1KWlLfE8bDDsXcVU8pDjpWJr7yXJrAoKm2pIDcDDFYY2rNh53ZwGBFeHKrjQTxXK8T0Eka6iKKakFZUF8gRDA0yIIKxRjvMnLkIJIFeNnF1RCCbuw5T7B3P4vaN7mP6J6qW",mdrd: ".lP2D.xi2fBNYkugN_jm8E9jft5WPezxf5jtRTCUtfY-1739772424-1.2.1.1-kPKE5QznOtQe_3Tg.75CK30vYm8FDsTc9Zf8d.HpXnpv2S0oNLBhfGyQmM69UcA7..G4FphIpcjDJi26g2GNw6yq.kZKrOQLaTBmZ35cECb0m8M4BdMt.pfhtBdrcap6iZIXwHZ4jDgV9cLVwEa0uaUarKNdnIZAc5oEcz7UjOUs6DqtILkniK8PxSdAXMsT291HwGhK7PiXexvA.ibb2uHRUqfNoFYAmY540sl7F6o3dsbyLF.u9Zx485B0T.U9v9F_F9Xf1Snda0ZKMlIA5Mgrfuc.aa.w04RpCkVYdrKe1.Q92AxMhOIoQOMN9HPFm8pyScEB2ci5diSNF.gBALi7zCuQJQkyPEuZ5fDjGV4.Qws8X9JNBeXXnpCXeoBwfBBbNjChXDhr0d_NsYVY7WJQyBk7FNaeQE1V6pSmJDo48xXnoeiKy8inJZIS.3h18E7d3B4cA1sCVGbkK_X6BaJHKkn._9331Z1EyktRyD_Tg3DkdUJ93zpdvxyvuQXYnk.cDVB68Bh1zXtQQ.EBk774lQwNYXx8BMSiVnVj6_OyJFk0T1QerAI5LSBMJN_5iVRw8Zeh7VDzGV4LQCFVYHxyazS1y1PIuHqVqSPQBmfwYpy7nTeBZCB483H.1a6GP_6bI23CrOtx2OYEoLcgPU8WUh9vK8DSE0ZyIspPjhbcSPEQToytTXBfinR1KSKBHOyCRwlo5.KaodShA8quEVssb9rG9yS4n3QNy_v2a.cfIz.7fCthTl9p.pGWxwhZKrHx6sMlzxjaGpHQFi2rPR0.HMI_1W3QsC6__rkd0kmQtGrt0aAvbgzJpTekNznzDM7LlhieNcCRIOgMv_REdjRuncvgTVUOBpL.eHxh6b.wtbi1xiW4fj58ZMc5xDzvBzcCQNFPtXarruiKzRRkcFAS_s_s0MR6QZeKSllqAOTysjkfxIQCA0ZiBZST4aI4BcCZDrezTUVKatcCFOsmd52_OCD7P1U5i0d.GwnMhXeZDl0GKV3MFyCuxgqK236mIzyE526TKIYIE0WBayDC134xzzJF.y150uyv4FuUAV7bpEhjphuf9EtSiSha4pymQl9uvETAp0q7OYnP6VKLXaY5O8AATNSwRW_Eb02EHsvTRlL9xOlqLoM3UGPnl8z_Hsa2JzYUViZbGbjuPDuy9N1Gp0s8OjLnNxvUkr_jGE4Ku8KH4tl2VkIL2W8d8hYLJ3m2XwsqFbfN3aRdjX3XX0jmr4swwqTc.ubArhrtLM9V3ZK5mc7rszsh.xFx5lHS6w9ABdiY9ykNs2IWDAk8EZ3otHty_eTAcUlpQQfN7r7zSS3kAOTmwgkJNH9jZxLtps2p8M3gu8KPKBoOnIqE80Hdx7xNZ5kMJZFDl_EZ4FehE.YBB2n6FwZMGSkdxXojCVIvhhLxY6Ttpf0WqjzC6cpzd6njZLMJfjxawa9oVjIaoVggHa3wCTSeEin2hvMaScAIZS4xwt8y11gGCYPECL8ycsciIn4Mh7GZiJg3_0RylI.l70iSn5OWc3P7frGcZkEcEUwHtPTKQ_2lyFY9HFmCbpd_53TVJEwZ3i63fV7JGeV2cFVx4ZZuGFeeesuLHmmvkcBDN_lGNIlDwC..k2XOnr3oG23Xr7jCzSZmsyHMDsRDq53KUenP_ouHVJFpgs_vxddI38cn2ypTQvxjm7p8nv8nEI3JnIfbc4.AMDWUoZrX6uDTEeGLSPMWuAWhRWsMyBh2.kNS5NEK6OseD8UngTiV867LvplKRoOTAulaj.Rxn6hA4AfH1UuU6Q.RRITMwRZlWBLAKHzl7i_ZrMR6moF7dIlazXzoV2hDIMZv9j2eCSCyNYCo8INwyfCgJuE6llDYhzO5GJvmch.iSqFHwEKQISbB.4KVWAvWjC9.mSRRQABhHIvWUa1h6iDzDKM3843Wxc2LWGwlPDhOvPgP682YgeNnIQh6f5yv2lv1pVjQkfkP.6SkFHBJ18_Z"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913398565b2f5f32';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=Non-Conformity&__cf_chl_rt_tk=u8SQ_x1UvTEroDvv9pKUEC7caSkMBbMhrTtTnbJ117c-1739772424-1.0.1.1-IHCako2_vXk3OfVW1c9k4OXALCLzy9gqBHeD0ZvOb.E" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>